Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eric Pengkuan Ho Author-X-Name-First: Eric Pengkuan Author-X-Name-Last: Ho Author-Name: Steven I-jy Chien Author-X-Name-First: Steven I-jy Author-X-Name-Last: Chien Author-Name: Ching-Jung Ting Author-X-Name-First: Ching-Jung Author-X-Name-Last: Ting Title: A hybrid modeling method for the planning and evaluation of intelligent transportation systems Abstract: Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), with significant progressive development in the last decade, have been considered as effective ways to improve the efficiency of the transportation system. The state and local planning agencies in the US and elsewhere will soon consider ITS facilities in their transportation plans. However, ITS, which are primarily operations and information oriented, are different from the traditional “facility-based” projects. Therefore, the traditional transportation planning models are not suitable for the evaluation of ITS. In this paper, we present a hybrid modeling method which combines the use of the transportation planning model (TPM) and the traffic analysis/simulation model (TAM) with an interface. After examining the functionalities and the data used by the models, we found that TPMs and TAMs share a large amount of data in similar formats and provide most of the measures of effectiveness for the evaluation of ITS. The complementary use of TPM and TAM is discussed based on three factors: 1) the scope of the expected impacts; 2) the planning horizon; and 3) nature of the impacts <italic>(e.g.,</italic> travel demand oriented or traffic operations oriented). Finally, a conceptual interface framework for converting the information between the two types of models is discussed, while various issues related to the development of the interface are explored. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060008717658 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060008717658 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:1:p:1-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Liping Fu Author-X-Name-First: Liping Author-X-Name-Last: Fu Author-Name: L. R. Rilett Author-X-Name-First: L. R. Author-X-Name-Last: Rilett Title: Estimation of time-dependent, stochastic route travel times using artificial neural networks Abstract: <title/> This paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) based method for estimating route travel times between individual locations in an urban traffic network. Fast and accurate estimation of route travel times is required by the vehicle routing and scheduling process involved in many fleet vehicle operation systems such as dial-a-ride paratransit, school bus, and private delivery services. The methodology developed in this paper assumes that route travel times are time-dependent and stochastic and their means and standard deviations need to be estimated. Three feed-forward neural networks are developed to model the travel time behaviour during different time periods of the day-the AM peak, the PM peak, and the off-peak. These models are subsequently trained and tested using data simulated on the road network for the City of Edmonton, Alberta. A comparison of the ANN model with a traditional distance-based model and a shortest path algorithm is then presented. The practical implication of the ANN method is subsequently demonstrated within a dial-a-ride paratransit vehicle routing and scheduling problem. The computational results show that the ANN-based route travel time estimation model is appropriate, with respect to accuracy and speed, for use in real applications. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 25-48 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060008717659 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060008717659 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:1:p:25-48 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Henry S. L. Fan Author-X-Name-First: Henry S. L. Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Author-Name: Jia-Ming Cao Author-X-Name-First: Jia-Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Cao Title: Sea space capacity and operation strategy analysis system Abstract: <title/> Sea space planning and congestion management is receiving more attention. However, little work on sea space capacity and strategy analyses can be found in the literature. Compared to other transportation systems, a sea space system has some special features that require consideration. The system capacity also depends on the pattern of traffic using the system. In this paper, we model a sea space as a directional network and capacity models for berthing areas, anchorage areas, fairways and their intersections, as well as the entire sea space system are developed. These models can be used to compute capacity for any given traffic pattern which can be extracted from vessel trip records or from traffic forecasts. To implement these models, a software system called Sea Space Capacity and Strategy Analysis System (SCSAS) has been developed in Visual C + + and is now being used in Singapore. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 49-63 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060008717660 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060008717660 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:1:p:49-63 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Faghri Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Faghri Author-Name: H. C. Dorsey Author-X-Name-First: H. C. Author-X-Name-Last: Dorsey Title: The use of GIS and relational database management systems to improve the scheduling operations of paratransit Abstract: <title/> The scheduling operations of many paratransit agencies in the United States are undertaken manually. Those customers who are eligible to travel call in their requests the day before the trip is needed. As the trip requests are received, they are entered into a list of unscheduled trips. In order to schedule these trips, the scheduler must first determine the number of drivers and shuttle buses that are available as well as the time of availability of each. The scheduler must then try to match the rides that are in “similar” areas around the “same” time to place together on the driver's schedule. As new trip requests are made, the schedulers must adjust the trips that are already scheduled to try and schedule as many trips as possible in the most efficient way. By developing a system that would improve the scheduling system operations of, in this case, DART (Delaware Administration for Regional Transit) First State Paratransit, customers can expect to receive better service that will improve their ability to travel throughout the community. Some devices that could also improve the operations of paratransit agencies are described in this paper, such as satellite-based Global Positioning System (GPS), radio communication systems, mobile computers, radio frequency-based data communication systems, internet web pages, automated paratransit information systems, and card-based data storage and transfer media. However, because paratransit systems are difficult to operate cost-efficiently, the optimum and most cost-efficient device must be selected. The system chosen for DART First State Paratransit includes the use of a relational database management system (RDMS) and a transportation Geographic Information System (GIS). RDMS keeps track of the database information as well as the scheduled trips and the GIS is ideal for analyzing both geographic and temporal data. This system is shown to be superior to the manual system. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 65-86 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 1999 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060008717661 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060008717661 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:1999:i:1:p:65-86 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jose Viegas Author-X-Name-First: Jose Author-X-Name-Last: Viegas Author-Name: Baichuan Lu Author-X-Name-First: Baichuan Author-X-Name-Last: Lu Title: Widening the scope for bus priority with intermittent bus lanes Abstract: <title/> In the search for improved flowing conditions for buses, many cities have introduced bus lanes and incorporated bus priority schemes in their traffic control systems. However, these two instruments are insufficient in themselves, since bus lanes are not justified with a low frequency of buses but without such lanes buses frequently have to travel in congested conditions in extended parts of their routes. This paper presents the concept of Intermittent Bus Lane (IBL), suggests that it could be physically implemented with longitudinal traffic lights, discusses its fields of application and points to the mathematical solution of some of the most relevant control problems associated with it. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 87-110 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717662 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717662 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:2:p:87-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James Odeck Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Odeck Title: Comparison of data envelopment analysis and deterministic parametric frontier approaches: an application in the Norwegian road construction sector Abstract: <title/> This paper analyzes efficiency in the Norwegian road sector by using two competing methods. The first is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), while the second is Deterministic Frontier Analysis (DFA) with a Cobb-Douglas kernel specification. Both approaches show similarities with respect to efficiency distribution. The rock-blasting sectors potential for efficiency improvement is in the range 19--59 percent. Both approaches demonstrate decreasing return to scale properties for the average unit. There is a significant correlation between size and efficiency indicating that larger units perform better than smaller ones. Precautionary blasting mainly performed in densely populated areas is also found to explain much of the variations in efficiency scores. Any policy implication should therefore carefully examine exogenous factors. The main difference between the two approaches, which can be explained by the number of parameters to be determined, concerns level of scores rather than their distribution. However, there are arguments that advocate DEA rather than DFA in the rock-blasting sector. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 111-134 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717663 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717663 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:2:p:111-134 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Preston Author-X-Name-First: P. Author-X-Name-Last: Preston Author-Name: E. Kozan Author-X-Name-First: E. Author-X-Name-Last: Kozan Title: A Tabu search technique applied to scheduling container transfers Abstract: <title/> A scheduling model is designed and applied to seaport container terminals taking into account factors such as container handling equipment, labour resources, storage capacities and terminal layout. Major factors influencing container transfer efficiency are analysed to optimise resource usage resulting in lower operating costs while achieving a desired level of customer service. A Tabu Search (TS) heuristic is used to compare the benchmark of the Port of Brisbane with a Genetic Algorithm (GA) heuristic solution. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 135-153 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717664 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717664 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:2:p:135-153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kenneth Button Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth Author-X-Name-Last: Button Author-Name: Elly Doyle Author-X-Name-First: Elly Author-X-Name-Last: Doyle Author-Name: Roger Stough Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Stough Title: Intelligent transport systems in commercial fleet management: a study of short term economic benefits Abstract: <title/> Interest in the effects on businesses that have implemented Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) technologies has been growing but systematically collected evidence of the advantages inherent in these technologies at a micro-level is sparse. This study measures the effects of an ITS technology shortly after being developed and implemented by a courier company. The focus is on its labor augmenting potential. It details the effectiveness of the technology and the software development process. The case study concerns NOVA Group, a diversified transportation company and developer of dispatching software called Dispatch Tools. The effectiveness of the software is considered in terms of productivity of drivers as measured by the number of deliveries per driver-hour. Data were collected for the same three-month periods in 1996 before implementation and in 1997 after implementation. A panel of drivers and dispatchers participated. The change in productivity of these drivers after implementation of the dispatching software averaged 24%. An ancillary effect that was not anticipated was a decrease in stress on the dispatchers and improved communications between dispatchers and office personnel. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 155-170 Issue: 2 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717665 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717665 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:2:p:155-170 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W. G. Wong Author-X-Name-First: W. G. Author-X-Name-Last: Wong Author-Name: B. M. Han Author-X-Name-First: B. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Han Author-Name: L. Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: L. Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira Author-Name: X. N. Zhu Author-X-Name-First: X. N. Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Title: Factor influencing container transport: a fuzzy number-based distribution model approach Abstract: <title/> In recent years, the world economy has become more integrated internationally and container transportation has become increasingly more important as the proportion of all trade using containers is continuously growing. In order to adapt to the increasing containerization trend, it is essential to plan and construct adequate ports and facilities to cope with this development. Based on the analysis of factors influencing container movements, this paper illustrates the logical relationships for a distribution model, which has been used to predict the distribution of containers among the three main Seaports near Shenzhen and Hong Kong. A fuzzy number-based distribution model is outlined in the paper. The paper illustrates the main influencing factors and their logical relationships and proposes a primary distribution model where the attractiveness of each port has been calibrated. The results show that the Port of Hong Kong is significantly more attractive than the other two ports modelled and is likely to continue to be so in the future. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 171-183 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717666 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717666 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:3:p:171-183 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. C. Jordan Author-X-Name-First: D. C. Author-X-Name-Last: Jordan Author-Name: J. Zietsman Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Zietsman Author-Name: L. R. Rilett Author-X-Name-First: L. R. Author-X-Name-Last: Rilett Title: Development of sustainable transportation metrics for vehicular pollutants Abstract: <title/> A major challenge for transportation policy makers is to identify policies that will result in a sustainable transportation system. However, given the wide range of definitions of sustainable transportation it is not always clear how a given policy will affect this overall goal. In addition, there are very few quantifiable metrics that can be used to assess sustainability at a disaggregate or individual vehicle level. The amount of air pollution is often identified as a critical element in sustainability concepts and thus is the focus of this paper. A method is developed for assessing the responsibility of different vehicle classes for air pollution as a function of operating conditions. The responsibility measures are referred to as pollutant equivalency factors (EF_p's). MOBILE 5a, which is the standard mobile source emission model in North America, was used for the analysis although the methodology can be applied to any emission model. The EF_p allows policy makers to make a quantitative comparison between vehicle types under stated traffic conditions, which can then be used to assess directly the effects of different transportation policies. It was found that, in general, responsibility increases with increasing vehicle age, increasing vehicle size, increasing mileage, and decreasing speed. It is shown subsequently how one element of sustainability, namely equity, may be obtained by using EF_p to allocate costs associated with air pollution. The allocated costs then can be used to pay for externalities associated with the transportation system. A hypothetical test case, which involved the upgrading of an arterial roadway section to a freeway, was used to demonstrate this approach. It was found that EF_p's can be used both as metrics for sustainability issues and for the implementation of sustainability policies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 185-207 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2001 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717667 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717667 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2001:i:3:p:185-207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Partha Chakroborty Author-X-Name-First: Partha Author-X-Name-Last: Chakroborty Author-Name: Kalyanmoy Deb Author-X-Name-First: Kalyanmoy Author-X-Name-Last: Deb Author-Name: Raj Kumar Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Raj Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Title: Optimal fleet size distribution and scheduling of transit systems using genetic algorithms Abstract: <title/> Optimal fleet size distribution and scheduling with transfer consideration for a transit system is a difficult optimization problem. A traditional formulation of the problem leads to a large non-linear mixed integer programming problem. Past experience has shown that traditional optimization methods are unable to give optimal solutions to even simpler versions of the problem (like the optimal scheduling problem with known fleet size distribution). In this paper, a simple binary coded genetic algorithm (GA) based approach to the optimization problem is presented. The use of GA allows a more efficient formulation of the problem and the GA based approach gives optimal/near-optimal results with limited computation effort. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 209-225 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717668 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717668 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:3:p:209-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jarkko Niittymäki Author-X-Name-First: Jarkko Author-X-Name-Last: Niittymäki Title: General fuzzy rule base for isolated traffic signal control-rule formulation Abstract: <title/> Traffic signal control is one of the oldest applications of fuzzy logic, at least in transportation engineering. The aim of this paper is to present a systematic approach to fuzzy traffic signal control and to derive the linguistic control rules based on expert knowledge. Traffic signal programming is generally divided into two problems: firstly, the choice and sequencing of signal stages to be used, and secondly, optimizing the relative lengths of these stages. The rule bases for both problems are introduced in our paper. The results of tested rule bases and field tests of fuzzy control have been promising. The fuzzy signal control algorithms offer better measures of effectiveness than the traditional vehicle-actuated control. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 227-247 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717669 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717669 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:3:p:227-247 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Randolph W. Hall Author-X-Name-First: Randolph W. Author-X-Name-Last: Hall Title: Passenger waiting time and information acquisition using automatic vehicle location for verification Abstract: <title/> Bus riders utilize a variety of information media to learn how to travel to their destinations and to learn when they should arrive at bus stops. As part of the OCTA (Orange County Transit Authority) Transit Probe evaluation, 1199 passengers were surveyed to measure relationships between information acquisition and waiting time. A unique aspect of the survey was that some of the data could be correlated with automatic-vehicle-location (AVL) measurements of bus lateness at stops. Insights are provided as to the types of information riders acquire based on the nature of the trip and demographic characteristics. Insights are also provided as to factors affecting perceived waiting time. We found age group, whether a person needs to arrive at a destination by a specific time, primary language, and whether the person is a first-time user of the bus line to be significant causal factors. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 249-269 Issue: 3 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717670 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717670 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:3:p:249-269 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. M. Parajuli Author-X-Name-First: P. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Parajuli Author-Name: S. C. Wirasinghe Author-X-Name-First: S. C. Author-X-Name-Last: Wirasinghe Title: A line haul transit technology selection model Abstract: <title/> A decision analytic model for the selection of mass transit technology is suggested. The model considers a transit corridor with known right of way category and rules of operation. The system with technology under evaluation satisfies the users’, operators’ and community requirements roughly equally and has identical level of comfort, convenience and other nonquantifiable attributes of performance measures. Cost attributes comprise of access/egress cost, riding time cost, waiting time cost in users’ side, transit operating cost, station cost, line cost and fleet cost in the operators’ side, and the measurable cost of air pollution on the community's cost side. Given the subjective probabilities of the chance event influencing the decision and possible outcomes of the event, technology, which offers the maximum expected utility, is established. This utility indicator together with other unmodellable factors can form the basis for decision making on technology selection. The problem is extended to include multiple chance events and outcomes of more definitive experiments with updated probabilities. It is shown that transit technology similar to Light Rail Transit could be considered viable in developing countries only when the value of travel time is considerably higher than what it is now. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 271-308 Issue: 4 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717671 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717671 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:4:p:271-308 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. M. Parajuli Author-X-Name-First: P. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Parajuli Author-Name: S. C. Wirasinghe Author-X-Name-First: S. C. Author-X-Name-Last: Wirasinghe Title: Line haul interstation spacing for low cost feeder modes Abstract: <title/> The choice behaviour of low cost travel (LCT) modes is very sensitive to travel distance. A line haul system designed on the basis of current planning practice of locating widely spaced stations to cater auto and bus feeder modes with the primary objective of gaining travel speed is hostile to non-motorized and low cost feeder modes. With the revival of interest in promoting the use of walk'n ride and bike'n ride modes, there is a need to develop an appropriate tool to examine the effect of their specific characteristics in establishing the number and location of stations. A generic normative behavioural hybrid model for locating the cost minimizing number and location of stations is developed for an LCT-fed line haul system. The model considers the system with many to many two dimensional line haul demand density function in which the density varies in both x- and y-directions. The feeder mode choice behaviour is incorporated in the model by integrating probability-access/egress distance function with the objective function. Explicit functional relationships among the parameters of these feeder modes such as modal share as a function of access/egress distance with the parameters of line haul systems are developed. Dynamic programming is used to minimize the system cost. The generic model is shown to collapse into several simplified models capable of yielding approximate solutions for several well known special cases. It has been shown that location of stations is sensitive to the through load on board as well as users’ cost that defines the choice behaviour at large. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability of the model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 309-348 Issue: 4 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717672 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717672 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:4:p:309-348 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tom Cherrett Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Cherrett Author-Name: David Pitfield Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Pitfield Title: Extracting driving characteristics from heavy goods vehicle tachograph charts Abstract: <title/> European Union regulations require haulage companies of member states like the UK to keep records of their drivers’ hours of work. All heavy goods vehicles (HGV's) over 7.5 tonnes are fitted with tachographs which record a driver's operating activities (periods of driving, other work and rest). These records are etched onto a laminated chart by various styli, one of which records the vehicle's speed. This paper describes the development and testing of a new technique for extracting individual driving characteristics from the speed trace of an HGV tachograph chart to calculate four parameters: distance travelled, average speed, time travelled and speed variability. The average speed, time travelled and speed variability were analysed statistically using one-way analysis of variance tests. Speed variability was found to be particularly useful for identifying differences between individual driver's behaviour. Once differences in behaviours can be identified it may be possible to link certain driving habits to factors such as component wear, accident rates and excessive fuel usage. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 349-363 Issue: 4 Volume: 24 Year: 2000 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060108717673 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060108717673 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:24:y:2000:i:4:p:349-363 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Holtzclaw Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Holtzclaw Author-Name: Robert Clear Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Clear Author-Name: Hank Dittmar Author-X-Name-First: Hank Author-X-Name-Last: Dittmar Author-Name: David Goldstein Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Goldstein Author-Name: Peter Haas Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Haas Title: Location Efficiency: Neighborhood and Socio-Economic Characteristics Determine Auto Ownership and Use - Studies in Chicago, Los Angeles and San Francisco Abstract: <title/> Auto ownership and mileage per car are shown to vary in a systematic and predictable fashion in response to neighborhood urban design and socio-economic characteristics in the Chicago, Los Angeles, and San Francisco regions. In all three cases, average auto ownership is primarily a function of the neighborhood's residential density, average per capita income, average family size and the availability of public transit. Similarly, the average annual distance driven per car is a strong function of density, income, household size and public transit, and a weaker function of the pedestrian and bicycle friendliness of the community. The similarity of these relationships among the three metro areas, despite their differences in geography and age, suggests that similar relationships may be consistent throughout the United States or worldwide. The application of the results to other metro areas is discussed. The dependence of driving on the policy-related variables of residential density, transit access, and pedestrian and bicycle-friendliness may provide policy makers with additional tools for reducing the costs and environmental impacts of transportation. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060290032033 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060290032033 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:1:p:1-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sang Hyup Lee Author-X-Name-First: Sang Hyup Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: The Conceptual Development of an Innovative Hybrid Personal Transportation System Utilizing AVCS and High-Speed Magnetic Levitation Technology Abstract: <title/> The challenges posed by current surface transportation problems cannot be solved by the application of a few isolated independent actions. A broad, comprehensive solution is needed to restore and build the future mobility our society will demand. The concept for such a solution is embodied in the term, AVCS maglev. AVCS maglev is the synergistic combination of Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS), which is the most comprehensive functional area of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), and the high-speed magnetic levitation (Maglev) technology. AVCS maglev will provide a safe, high-speed, high-capacity, energy-efficient, environment-friendly intercity and intracity transportation system. Most importantly, the new system would be compatible with and, indeed, an extension of the existing highway transportation system. So to speak, the guideways would be constructed basically in the medians of existing highways. While the vehicles using the "magway" (maglev guideway) would be evolutionary like present day automobiles, they would be privately owned and could operate on ordinary highways and streets as well as the AVCS magways. The significance of this research lies in salvaging and capitalizing on the promising concepts of AVCS and Maglev and melding them into a transportation strategy. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 29-48 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060290032042 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060290032042 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:1:p:29-48 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Badoe Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Badoe Title: Modelling Work-Trip Mode Choice Decisions in Two-Worker Households Abstract: <title/> This paper proposes that the theoretically more appropriate approach for modelling mode choice decisions for the journey to work by workers residing in two-worker households is through the development of a choice model at the household level that takes into account the decisions of both workers. There are at least two reasons for this. First, in the majority of cases the model estimation data comes from household travel surveys, which have the household as the sampling unit and not the individual worker. The majority of households in urban areas these days have two or more workers. Thus once a household is selected into the sample all its working members are necessarily selected as well. The idea of a random sample therefore holds at the level of the household and not the individual worker. Second, workers from the same household in the long run select modes for their journeys to work so as to minimize their combined disutility to travel as opposed to independently minimizing their respective individual disutilities. The household model thus treats the alternatives available to the household workers as a "modal bundle" with the two household workers, after intra-household bargaining, selecting the modal bundle that minimizes their combined total disutility to travel. An empirical test of both household and individual choice models is conducted and the household model found to give more precise predictions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 49-73 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060290032051 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060290032051 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:1:p:49-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sang Hyup Lee Author-X-Name-First: Sang Hyup Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Analysis of AVCS Maglev's Automated Highway Network Operation Abstract: <title/> AVCS maglev, which is the synergistic combination of Advanced Vehicle Control Systems and high-speed magnetic levitation technology, would operate on ordinary highways and streets under manual control as well as on instrumented highways (magways) under automatic control. In this paper the important aspects of fully-automated highway network operation of AVCS maglev are investigated, which include mainline longitudinal control, entrance ramp control, speed transition control and peak-period optimization strategy. To select a suitable longitudinal control alternative, block control, vehicle-follower control and point-follower control concepts are investigated. To find an entrance ramp operation strategy, the average delay of a ramp vehicle in position to be merged, the ramp capacities and the ramp queue lengths are calculated. The magway is envisaged to consist of three types of sections - restricted capacity section (RCS), speed transition section (STS) and unrestricted capacity section (UCS). The speed transition section is always located between UCS and RCS to adjust the speeds between these two types of sections. During the speed transition operation it is crucial to ensure stability within the platoon of vehicles operating with small spacings. For this purpose a suitable vehicle-following model is investigated. Lastly, the peak-period optimization strategy to maximize the throughput of a magway system is investigated using a linear programming model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 75-101 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060290033195 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060290033195 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:2:p:75-101 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Gaber Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Gaber Author-Name: Sharon Gaber Author-X-Name-First: Sharon Author-X-Name-Last: Gaber Title: Using Focus and NomiNal Group Techniques for a Better Understanding of the Transit Disadvantaged Needs Abstract: <title/> The research presented in this paper explores the context, method, and value of focus group research in transit needs assessments. Group participatory research can generate data that are not easily obtained by other methods. The paper focuses on lessons from three Nebraska communities whose transit disadvantaged rely on community-based paratransit services. Because of the size of the paratransit population and the inability to control who showed up to the focus group sessions, a modified group research protocol was adopted in order to garner information from whomever attended the session. The population parameters and the number of people at the meetings were anticipated by the researchers and mitigated by incorporating nominal group techniques. Research findings from the focus group sessions are discussed paying particular attention to the candid and policy-specific comments made by the focus group participants. The paper concludes with an application of focus group research in transit planning. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 103-120 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060290033203 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060290033203 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:2:p:103-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jinn-Tsai Wong Author-X-Name-First: Jinn-Tsai Author-X-Name-Last: Wong Author-Name: Sui-Ling Li Author-X-Name-First: Sui-Ling Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: David Gillingwater Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Gillingwater Title: An Optimization Model for Assessing Flight Technical Delay Abstract: <title/> This paper identifies the causes as well as the practical measurement of aircraft flight delays. The performance of air traffic management is measured by examining technical delays and scheduled timetable delays, which are derived from a mathematical programming model. To validate the optimization model, flight delays are simulated under various service rules. The outcome of the simulation runs shows that the average delay for each aircraft estimated from the optimization model is marginally higher than that from the simulation run under the "first come first serve" rule. However, under the "arrival flight first" rule, the optimization model's results are either higher or lower than those of the simulation model. Nonetheless, both sets of simulated delays are strongly correlated with those of the optimization model. Results from regression analyses show that the optimization model has the capacity to predict flight technical delays. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 121-153 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060290033212 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060290033212 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:2:p:121-153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dusan Teodorovic Author-X-Name-First: Dusan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorovic Author-Name: Jovan Popovic Author-X-Name-First: Jovan Author-X-Name-Last: Popovic Author-Name: Goran Pavkovic Author-X-Name-First: Goran Author-X-Name-Last: Pavkovic Author-Name: Shinya Kikuchi Author-X-Name-First: Shinya Author-X-Name-Last: Kikuchi Title: Intelligent Airline Seat Inventory Control System Abstract: <title/> In this article, an "intelligent" airline seat inventory control system is developed. Applications of the system are considered for both nonstop flights and flights with stopovers. The system developed is able to recognize a situation characterized by the number of reservations made by individual passenger classes and the number of canceled reservations at a certain moment in time before departure. The system can also make the appropriate decision without knowing the functional relationships in effect between individual variables. As in other intelligent systems, the "intelligent" airline seat inventory control system proposed here is able to generalize, adapt and learn based on new knowledge and new information. The "intelligent" airline seat inventory control system is based on fuzzy logic. The system makes on-line decisions as to whether to accept or reject any passenger request using established fuzzy rules. The "intelligent" system's results are compared with those of the EMSR model for nonstop flights. The results for flights with stopovers are compared with those obtained using integer programming. The final conclusions are very promising. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 155-173 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106022000018991 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106022000018991 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:3:p:155-173 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Grantham K.H. Pang Author-X-Name-First: Grantham K.H. Author-X-Name-Last: Pang Author-Name: K. Takahashi Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Takahashi Author-Name: T. Yokota Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Yokota Author-Name: H. Takenaga Author-X-Name-First: H. Author-X-Name-Last: Takenaga Title: Intelligent Route Selection for In-vehicle Navigation Systems Abstract: <title/> Driving is a demanding task which requires constant concentration and appropriate maneuvers of a vehicle on the road. The introduction of in-vehicle navigation and route guidance system should be carried out with utmost care because of the abundant information that can be provided to a driver. In order to increase the acceptance level and lower the negative safety impacts of in-vehicle navigation systems, the psychological consideration and study of model of driver behavior is crucial. The focus of this article is on the design of a route selection function for an in-vehicle navigation system. The issue of route selection criteria and decision-making by drivers is discussed and an adaptive route selection algorithm presented. The objective is to develop a system function which can act as a driver's assistant and helps in the evaluation of alternate routes. Such a system can help to filter and interpret information to lessen stress on drivers. In this article, the philosophical consideration of drivers' route selection is discussed. The concept of primary attributes is introduced. Also, a review of route selection studies, together with the results from three previous surveys, are presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 175-213 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106022000019639 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106022000019639 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:3:p:175-213 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Athanasios Matzoros Author-X-Name-First: Athanasios Author-X-Name-Last: Matzoros Title: Decision Support Systems for Public Transport Management: The Athens Public Transport Authority Project Abstract: <title/> This article reports on an implementation study of a computerised decision support system for public transport management for the Athens Public Transport Authority (APTA). The study analysed the current situation, specified user requirements, determined system functionality, designed the system architecture, organised the project and, finally, planned dissemination activities. The decision support system covers the main public transport management activities of APTA - transport service provision, economic and financial planning, passenger complaints and suggestions, and personnel management - offering its users the possibility to study the potential effects of their decisions before implementation. To achieve this, the system will consist of a data warehousing system, for the integrated management of a wide variety of data sources, and of online analytical processing tools, for information analysis and scenario testing. The system architecture has been designed to offer robustness, flexibility, rich functionality and open connectivity. The system aims to help APTA reduce operational costs and provide a better transport service, attracting more passengers to public transport and reducing, in the process, congestion and pollution. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 215-237 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106022000018973 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106022000018973 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:3:p:215-237 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W.G. Wong Author-X-Name-First: W.G. Author-X-Name-Last: Wong Author-Name: B.M. Han Author-X-Name-First: B.M. Author-X-Name-Last: Han Author-Name: L. Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: L. Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira Author-Name: X.N. Zhu Author-X-Name-First: X.N. Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Title: High-Speed Rail Operations on an Existing Network: An Assessment Model for China Abstract: <title/> High-speed rail operations have the potential to reduce the long-term decline in rail passenger travel demand for the medium to long distance inter-urban markets. Such decline has been evident through most of the industrialized countries where air and road transport tend to be the dominant modes. In China, the operations of long distance high-speed rail on fully dedicated track is not very easy to implement, due to the high proportion of passengers who travel between high-speed and conventional railways. An alternative approach would be to allow for mixed operations with trains of various speeds on the same track. This article puts forward a simulation model designed to allow an evaluation of the most efficient distance for high-speed rail operations under mixed train speed scenarios. The model takes into account the main operating parameters such as passenger volumes, train speeds, capital and maintenance costs, train operating costs and energy consumption. The distance of high-speed train running on conventional rail that will yield the most economic benefit can be estimated using the model. The article includes the results of using the model for a specific example. It is concluded that large-scale high-speed trains have the potential to be successfully operated on conventional rail networks. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 239-254 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106022000019008 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106022000019008 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:3:p:239-254 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shoaib M. Chowdhury Author-X-Name-First: Shoaib M. Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury Author-Name: Steven I-Jy Chien Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: I-Jy Chien Title: Intermodal Transit System Coordination Abstract: <title/> In urban areas where transit demand is widely spread, passengers may be served by an intermodal transit system, consisting of a rail transit line (or a bus rapid transit route) and a number of feeder routes connecting at different transfer stations. In such a system, passengers may need one or more transfers to complete their journey. Therefore, scheduling vehicles operating in the system with special attention to reduce transfer time can contribute significantly to service quality improvements. Schedule synchronization may significantly reduce transfer delays at transfer stations where various routes interconnect. Since vehicle arrivals are stochastic, slack time allowances in vehicle schedules may be desirable to reduce the probability of missed connections. An objective total cost function, including supplier and user costs, is formulated for optimizing the coordination of a general intermodal transit network. A four-stage procedure is developed for determining the optimal coordination status among routes at every transfer station. Considering stochastic feeder vehicle arrivals at transfer stations, the slack times of coordinated routes are optimized, by balancing the savings from transfer delays and additional cost from slack delays and operating costs. The model thus developed is used to optimize the coordination of an intermodal transit network, while the impact of a range of factors on coordination (e.g., demand, standard deviation of vehicle arrival times, etc) is examined. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 257-287 Issue: 4 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106022000019017 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106022000019017 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:4:p:257-287 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Khaled El-Araby Author-X-Name-First: Khaled Author-X-Name-Last: El-Araby Title: Cross-Border Traffic Management for Non-Recurrent Events in the Central European Alpine Region Abstract: <title/> This article presents a cross-border traffic management framework to overcome problems based on major non-recurrent traffic events such as large-scale road accidents or total road blockages by landslides or extreme weather conditions impacting on traffic flow in the central European Alpine region (i.e., Austria, Bavaria, Northern Italy and Switzerland). The research on which the article is based aims at creating and testing the feasibility of deploying Euro-Regional Traffic Management Plans (TMPs) in case of such incidents to reduce the negative congestion impacts and mitigate disruptions in traffic flow. It adopts an integrated cross-border approach covering strategic and tactical transport management measures within and between the central European Alpine region taking into consideration both the technical and institutional issues involved in cross-border traffic management. The research illustrates the current traffic management situation and the possibilities and prospects for integrated Euro-Regional transport management in the Alpine area using both a scenario-based and model-based approach to develop and validate TMPs. The preliminary results of the study provide a justification for investment by national and European authorities to integrate dislocated transport management measures into regional and Euro-regional transport management strategies. The results show that the approach developed here is applicable for full-scale validation and implementation across other trans-European regions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 289-310 Issue: 4 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106022000018982 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106022000018982 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:4:p:289-310 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sameer A. Abu-Eisheh Author-X-Name-First: Sameer A. Author-X-Name-Last: Abu-Eisheh Author-Name: Fred L. Mannering Author-X-Name-First: Fred L. Author-X-Name-Last: Mannering Title: Forecasting Automobile Demand for Economies in Transition: A Dynamic Simultaneous-Equation System Approach Abstract: <title/> The dynamic characteristics of automobile demand are critical for national economic and revenue predictions. Automobile demand and ownership level forecasts are also the basis for travel demand models, land-use-transport interaction models, and transport policies and regulations. In this article, a dynamic automobile demand simulation model is developed utilizing a simultaneous-equation system. The system considers the interaction between supply and demand and the resulting equilibrium. Although forecasting automobile demand has been previously investigated, it has not been within such a dynamic simulation framework. Our model includes the current and lagged automobile quantity and price variables; economic, financial and operating cost variables; and income and government policy variables. The capabilities of the model are then demonstrated through performing a number of simulation experiments considering various growth-development scenarios, changes in operating costs, government policies towards automobile imports, and demographic/employment shifts. Relevant tests are applied to examine the econometric specifications and to evaluate the simulation model performance. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 311-331 Issue: 4 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106022000019026 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106022000019026 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:4:p:311-331 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Golias Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Golias Author-Name: George Yannis Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Yannis Author-Name: Michel Harvatis Author-X-Name-First: Michel Author-X-Name-Last: Harvatis Title: Off-Street Parking Choice Sensitivity Abstract: <title/> This article deals with the determinants of choice between on- and off-street parking. In this context, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted and the stated preference method was used to develop an explanatory model. The model assessment showed that parking cost has, as expected, the most important impact on the choice of parking alternatives. Furthermore, all other variables with a significant impact on parking choice are time related, i.e., search time for a parking space, duration of parking and walking time from the parking space to the final destination. It is also shown that parking choice decisions did not depend on driver and trip characteristics. The methodology followed can be used in other similar cases for the identification of parking choice sensitivity, thus providing valuable input to the development of appropriate parking policy in a given area. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 333-348 Issue: 4 Volume: 25 Year: 2002 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106022000019620 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106022000019620 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:25:y:2002:i:4:p:333-348 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp Title: Globalization, international transport and the global environment: A research and policy challenge Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-8 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060309912 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060309912 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:1:p:1-8 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arjan Lejour Author-X-Name-First: Arjan Author-X-Name-Last: Lejour Title: Globalization and the global environment: Four quantitative scenarios Abstract: <title/> This article presents a simulation of four quantitative scenarios using the applied general equilibrium model WorldScan . The scenarios are constructed to study the effects of globalization on transport and the environment. They contain different assumptions on the degree of globalization, technical progress, migration and energy policies. WorldScan focuses on long-term economic growth, trade and specialization patterns. It quantifies the economic content of the scenarios and the volume growth of energy and emissions between 1995 and 2050. The scenario outcomes show that emission growth quadruples with high economic growth without any energy-efficient technologies and environmental legislation. However, in an ecological scenario which combines energy-efficient technologies, environmental legislation and modest economic growth, global emissions hardly increase. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 9-40 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060309911 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060309911 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:1:p:9-40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A.A.J. Nederveen Author-X-Name-First: A.A.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Nederveen Author-Name: J.W. Konings Author-X-Name-First: J.W. Author-X-Name-Last: Konings Author-Name: J.A. Stoop Author-X-Name-First: J.A. Author-X-Name-Last: Stoop Title: Globalization, international transport and the global environment: Technological innovation, policy making and the reduction of transportation emissions Abstract: <title/> This article evaluates the opportunities and the feasibility of technological innovations in transport systems in relation to goals of mitigating global air pollution and climate change. The analytical framework for this technological assessment is formed by the life cycle theory, in which technological innovations are related to the development phase of a transport system (introduction, growth, maturity and decline). Based on a discussion on the driving forces for technological development within the different modes of transport spearheads for technological innovations are being presented. In addition, the role of the government in exerting influence on these development paths is being discussed. The analysis shows that the rate of technological change is slow and the effectiveness of policies to encourage implementation of new transport technologies to reduce emissions on a global scale is limited. Technological innovations can contribute to the reduction of emissions in the international transport sector, but it will be a long term process to generate significant results. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 41-67 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060309908 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060309908 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:1:p:41-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Barry Ubbels Author-X-Name-First: Barry Author-X-Name-Last: Ubbels Author-Name: Caroline Rodenburg Author-X-Name-First: Caroline Author-X-Name-Last: Rodenburg Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp Title: A multi-layer scenario analysis for sustainable international transport Abstract: <title/> This article considers the development of the international transport sector based on four globalization scenarios. These four images of the future transportation market are constructed at three different levels (global, European and Dutch). The possible consequences of these scenarios are mapped out not only by key aspects such as modal split and spatial organization but also by providing empirical insights into expected transport flows for both passenger and freight transport in 2020 based on data from 1995. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 69-103 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060309910 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060309910 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:1:p:69-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xander Olsthoorn Author-X-Name-First: Xander Author-X-Name-Last: Olsthoorn Title: Implications of globalization for co 2 emissions from transport Abstract: <title/> Transport accounts for about 25% of global CO 2 emissions. Transport activities are on the rise in the coming decades. Would associated CO 2 emissions move upwards as well, and at what rate? The present paper explores the future of these CO 2 emissions, starting from four scenarios for global transport. Considering fuel consumption, energy efficiencies in transport, occupancy rates of transport means, size of cars on the market, and possible environmental policies we find CO 2 emissions are persistently increasing, especially in the less wealthy areas of the world. In Europe, policies that attempt to control mobility and also limit CO 2 emissions may succeed in reducing emissions growth by about 30%. Efforts to increase energy efficiency of transport, in particular road transport, would contribute most to such reduction. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 105-133 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060309909 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060309909 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:1:p:105-133 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O. Norojono Author-X-Name-First: O. Author-X-Name-Last: Norojono Author-Name: W. Young Author-X-Name-First: W. Author-X-Name-Last: Young Title: A Stated preference freight mode choice model Abstract: <title/> Transport policy aims to assist the transport system to work more efficiently and effectively. An understanding of the reasons why people choose to move freight in a certain manner is critical to the development of appropriate policies. This article outlines a data collection approach and the development of a disaggregate mode choice model applicable to the analysis of freight shipper decision making. It focuses on the choice between rail and road in Java, Indonesia. The model indicates that safety, reliability and responsiveness are major attributes influencing rail/road freight mode choice. Transport policies aimed at improving these dimensions should increase the attractiveness of rail transport. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-1 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/715020600 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/715020600 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:2:p:1-1 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matteo Ignaccolo Author-X-Name-First: Matteo Author-X-Name-Last: Ignaccolo Title: A Simulation model for airport capacity and delay analysis Abstract: <title/> Air traffic, worldwide, keeps growing strongly, creating critical capacity situations and traffic congestion. As a consequence, large delays are suffered by airlines, passengers and airport authorities alike. When a rough estimate is needed, the results of traditional queuing theory can be used to analyse airport runway systems, but when airports are too congested or a more realistic description of the system behaviour is necessary, a simulation approach is a good alternative. This article outlines the limits of the analytical approach and shows how to build a simulation procedure. This procedure is able to measure the performance of an airport runway used only for arrivals, with different traffic mixes and operational variables. The impact of future technological systems is also considered, comparing their effects on various types of airports. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 135-170 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/715020599 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/715020599 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:2:p:135-170 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad R. Tayyaran Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad R. Author-X-Name-Last: Tayyaran Author-Name: Ata M. Khan Author-X-Name-First: Ata M. Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Author-Name: Donald A. Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Donald A. Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Impact of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems on residential location choice Abstract: <title/> The impacts of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) on urban development patterns were investigated in terms of households' residential location choice decisions. A discrete choice modelling approach framework was used. A stated preference (SP) logit analysis was carried out to estimate the parameters of the utility function. An attitude survey of employees of selected public and private sector organizations in the Ottawa-Carleton Region (Canada) yielded the required data for model estimation. In addition to obtaining background information, the survey elicited SP responses by presenting a number of hypothetical residential choice scenarios defined according to the principles of SP experimental design. Results show that telecommuting and ITS measures are highly significant factors in the residential choice model. This leads to the conclusion that these reinforce dispersed residential patterns and encourage moves towards outlying sites. Implications of this conclusion for urban land development planning are noted. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 171-193 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/715020598 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/715020598 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:2:p:171-193 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: MILICA KALIĆ Author-X-Name-First: MILICA Author-X-Name-Last: KALIĆ Author-Name: DUŠAN TEODOROVIĆ Author-X-Name-First: DUŠAN Author-X-Name-Last: TEODOROVIĆ Title: TRIP DISTRIBUTION MODELLING USING FUZZY LOGIC AND A GENETIC ALGORITHM Abstract: This article examines possibilities for the application of soft computing techniques for the prediction of travel demand. The model, based on fuzzy logic and a genetic algorithm, successfully solves the trip distribution problem. The possibilities of using the proposed model in solving trip generation, modal split and route choice problems have also been indicated. The model has been tested on a real numerical example. Exceptionally good correspondences between estimated and real values of passenger flows have been obtained. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 213-238 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106032000154575 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106032000154575 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:3:p:213-238 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: MILAN JANIC Author-X-Name-First: MILAN Author-X-Name-Last: JANIC Title: ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF QUALITY OF SERVICE AT AN AIRPORT PASSENGER TERMINAL Abstract: For the past two decades, the quality of service offered by an airport to its users -- in this case, passengers and airlines -- has emerged as one of its most important competitive tools. This period has been characterised by a relatively stable growth in air traffic of an average annual rate of 5%, enhanced deregulation (liberalisation) of air transport markets, and privatisation of both the airline and airport industry in the most important regions of the world such as north America and western Europe. This article considers a methodology for the short-term assessment and management of the quality of service provided to passengers while passing through an airport passenger terminal. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 239-263 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060320001544601 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060320001544601 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:3:p:239-263 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. H. LEE Author-X-Name-First: S. H. Author-X-Name-Last: LEE Title: AN APPROACH TO THE ECONOMIC APPRAISAL OF AVCS MAGLEV Abstract: The purpose of an economic appraisal of a transportation project is to help select an efficient transportation investment plan. Here, efficiency means achieving the best transportation service from a given investment and the generation of net benefits at least as great as the costs of the investment. In this article, three future transportation investment alternatives in the USA are compared using the benefit-cost ratio method to illustrate the economic desirability of the AVCS Maglev alternative -- an advanced vehicle control system based on magnetic levitation and propulsion. For the completeness of the economic appraisal and the provision of a guide to performing non-user benefit analysis for this promising ITS technology, the socioeconomic effects of implementing AVCS Maglev in the USA are evaluated based on the US National Development Model (NDM). Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 265-287 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106032000154584 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106032000154584 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:3:p:265-287 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dusˇan Teodorovic´ Author-X-Name-First: Dusˇan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorovic´ Title: Transport modeling by multi-agent systems: a swarm intelligence approach Abstract: There are a number of emergent traffic and transportation phenomena that cannot be analyzed successfully and explained using analytical models. The only way to analyze such phenomena is through the development of models that can simulate behavior of every agent. Agent-based modeling is an approach based on the idea that a system is composed of decentralized individual ‘agents’ and that each agent interacts with other agents according to localized knowledge. The agent-based approach is a ‘bottom-up’ approach to modeling where special kinds of artificial agents are created by analogy with social insects. Social insects (including bees, wasps, ants and termites) have lived on Earth for millions of years. Their behavior in nature is primarily characterized by autonomy, distributed functioning and self-organizing capacities. Social insect colonies teach us that very simple individual organisms can form systems capable of performing highly complex tasks by dynamically interacting with each other. On the other hand, a large number of traditional engineering models and algorithms are based on control and centralization. In this article, we try to obtain the answer to the following question: Can we use some principles of natural swarm intelligence in the development of artificial systems aimed at solving complex problems in traffic and transportation? Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 289-312 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106032000154593 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106032000154593 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:4:p:289-312 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Robert E. Caves Author-X-Name-First: Robert E. Author-X-Name-Last: Caves Title: Flight schedule punctuality control and management: a stochastic approach Abstract: The insufficiency of infrastructure capacity in an air transport system is usually blamed for poor punctuality performance when implementing flight schedules. However, investigations have revealed that ground operations of airlines have become the second major cause of flight delay at airports. A stochastic approach is used in this paper to model the operation of aircraft turnaround and the departure punctuality of a turnaround aircraft at an airport. The aircraft turnaround model is then used to investigate the punctuality problem of turnaround aircraft. Model results reveal that the departure punctuality of a turnaround aircraft is influenced by the length of scheduled turnaround time, the arrival punctuality of inbound aircraft as well as the operational efficiency of aircraft ground services. The aircraft turnaround model proposed is then employed to evaluate the endogenous schedule punctuality of two turnaround aircraft. Model results, when compared with observation data, show that the operational efficiency of aircraft ground services varies among turnarounds. Hence, it is recommended that the improvement of departure punctuality of turnaround aircraft may be achieved from two approaches: airline scheduling control and the management of operational efficiency of aircraft ground services. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 313-330 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060310001635869 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060310001635869 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:4:p:313-330 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eiji Kawamoto Author-X-Name-First: Eiji Author-X-Name-Last: Kawamoto Title: Transferability of standardized regres Person-based approach sion model applied to person-based trip generation Abstract: In this paper, the transferability of person-based standardized regression models is analysed using two large-scale origin-destination household surveys with data collected in two Brazilian cities, Sa˜o Paulo and Bauru. The models are specified in terms of dummy variables linked to socio-economic attributes which are considered relevant. A model, having home-based daily trips as a dependent variable, is calibrated according to data from the Sa˜o Paulo Metropolitan Area and transferred to Bauru, and vice-versa. The transferability of the models is evaluated using the Wald test, which is an objective test applicable to two samples presenting different variances. According to the test, only standardized regression models are transferable. In addition, the performance of the models to estimate the number of trips generated in every zone of the urban areas is verified. The results indicate that the performance of standardized regression models is equivalent to the locally calibrated model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 331-359 Issue: 4 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060310001635896 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060310001635896 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:4:p:331-359 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ikuho Yamada Author-X-Name-First: Ikuho Author-X-Name-Last: Yamada Author-Name: Jean-Claude Thill Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Claude Author-X-Name-Last: Thill Title: Enhancing stated preference surveys in transportation research: the contribution of geographic information systems Abstract: In this paper we argue that visualization, data management and computational capabilities of geographic information systems (GIS) can assist transportation stated preference research in capturing the contextual complexity of many transportation decision environments by providing respondents with maps and other spatial and non-spatial information in graphical form that enhance respondents' understanding of decision scenarios. We explore the multiple inherent contributions of GIS to transportation stated preference data collection and propose a framework for a GIS-based stated preference survey instrument. We also present the design concepts of two survey prototypes and their GIS implementation for a sample travel mode choice problem. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 377-396 Issue: 5 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060310001635850 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060310001635850 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:5:p:377-396 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yonghwa Park Author-X-Name-First: Yonghwa Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Seung B. Ahn Author-X-Name-First: Seung B. Author-X-Name-Last: Ahn Title: Optimal assignment for check-in counters based on passenger arrival behaviour at an airport Abstract: Establishing how to utilize check-in counters at airport passenger terminals efficiently is a major concern facing airport operators and airlines. Inadequate terminal capacity and the inefficient utilization of facilities such as check-in counters are major factors causing congestion and delays at airport passenger terminals. However, such delays and congestion can be reduced by increasing the efficiency of check-in counter operations, based on an understanding of passengers' airport access behaviour. This paper presents an assignment model for check-in counter operations, based on passengers' airport arrival patterns. In setting up the model, passenger surveys are used to determine when passengers arrive at the airport terminals relative to their flight departure times. The model then uses passenger arrival distribution patterns to calculate the most appropriate number of check-in counters and the duration of time that each counter should be operated. This assignment model has been applied at the Seoul Gimpo International Airport in Korea. The model provides not only a practical system for the efficient operations of time-to-time check-in counter assignments, but also a valuable means of developing effective longer-term solutions to the problem of passenger terminal congestion and delays. It also offers airlines a means of operating check-in counters with greater cost effectiveness, thus leading to enhanced customer service. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 397-416 Issue: 5 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060310001635887 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060310001635887 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:5:p:397-416 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Robert E. Caves Author-X-Name-First: Robert E. Author-X-Name-Last: Caves Title: The punctuality performance of aircraft rotations in a network of airports Abstract: The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of aircraft turnaround performance at airports on the schedule punctuality of aircraft rotations in a network of airports. A mathematical model is applied, composed of two sub-models, namely the aircraft turnaround model (turnaround simulations) and the enroute model (enroute flight time simulations). A Markovian type model is featured in the aircraft turnaround model to simulate the operation of aircraft turnarounds at an airport by considering operational uncertainties and schedule punctuality variance. In addition, stochastic Monte Carlo simulations are employed to carry out stochastic sampling and simulations in both the aircraft turnaround model and the enroute model. Results of simulations show the robustness of the aircraft rotation model in capturing uncertainties from aircraft rotations. The propagation of knock-on delays in aircraft rotations is found to be significant when the short-connection-time policy is used by an airline at its hub airport. It is also found that the proper inclusion of schedule buffer time in the aircraft rotation schedule helps control the propagation of knock-on delays and, therefore, stabilize the punctuality performance of aircraft rotations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 417-436 Issue: 5 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060310001635878 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060310001635878 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:5:p:417-436 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marina Van Geenhuizen Author-X-Name-First: Marina Author-X-Name-Last: Van Geenhuizen Author-Name: Harry Geerlings Author-X-Name-First: Harry Author-X-Name-Last: Geerlings Author-Name: Hugo Priemus Author-X-Name-First: Hugo Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus Title: Transport Innovation: Coping with the Future Abstract: An efficient transport system is a crucial precondition for economic development and an asset in international mobility. Mobility of passengers and transport of goods are considered key elements for a modern society. The transport sector is also a sector of continuous technological innovation. However, there is considerable uncertainty surrounding future transport technology and policy, as well as a large variation in ways to deal with this uncertainty. With regard to the latter it may be helpful to use more than one foresight method, e.g. a combination of methods each with a different emphasis on expertise, creativity and interaction with actors. Such a multiple method approach allows for the identification of those futures or future developments that are robust. This paper provides an introduction to the topic of transport innovation as well as providing a context for the four papers which follow in this special issue, illustrating the importance of taking such a multiple method approach. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 437-447 Issue: 6 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106032000167346 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106032000167346 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:6:p:437-447 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marina Van Geenhuizen Author-X-Name-First: Marina Author-X-Name-Last: Van Geenhuizen Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp Title: Coping with uncertainty: an expedition into the field of new transport technology Abstract: Many decisions taken by mankind are rational only to a limited extent. This holds for individual travel behaviour, but also for long-range strategic decisions on transport systems or transport technology. In any decision problem, coping with uncertainty is the most critical element. The introduction of new transport technology is surrounded by uncertainty. For example, there is uncertainty about the pace and extent of adoption of new technology and there is uncertainty about the impact of new technology in terms of increased sustainability or increased efficiency. This article maps uncertainty surrounding new transport technology and identifies ways in which to deal with uncertainty in policy making. The findings will be illustrated with electric vehicles, particularly with two specific strategies to deal with uncertainty: interactive technology watching and experimentation in a market niche. The paper concludes with a discussion of success factors that influence the outcomes of such strategies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 449-467 Issue: 6 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106032000167355 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106032000167355 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:6:p:449-467 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harry Geerlings Author-X-Name-First: Harry Author-X-Name-Last: Geerlings Author-Name: Sytze Rienstra Author-X-Name-First: Sytze Author-X-Name-Last: Rienstra Title: Exploring 'weak signals'' as potential challenges in transport: an inventory of potential future technology developments Abstract: This article assesses the most likely technological developments in transport, not only by investigating current innovations but also by observing different approaches to confronting future developments. The article discusses technology forecasting and the meaning of environmentally sound technologies; some insights into technology development and the relevance of technological forecasting; the factors that influence technology development in transport; and, in this context, differentiation between exploration, expectation and forecasting. It goes on to identify, from four different perspectives, major developments of strategic relevance for the transport sector that might arise in the longer term. An assessment is made of the consequences of these observations for the implementation of innovations in transport. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 469-489 Issue: 6 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106032000167364 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106032000167364 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:6:p:469-489 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Janic Author-X-Name-First: Milan Author-X-Name-Last: Janic Title: Multicriteria Evaluation of High-speed Rail, Transrapid Maglev and Air Passenger Transport in Europe Abstract: This article deals with a multicriteria evaluation of High-Speed Rail, Transrapid Maglev and Air Passenger Transport in Europe. Operational, socio-economic and environmental performance indicators of the specific high-speed transport systems are adopted as the evaluation criteria. By using the entropy method, weights are assigned to particular criteria in order to indicate their relative importance in decision-making. The TOPSIS method is applied to carry out the multicriteria evaluation and selection of the preferable alternative (high-speed system) under given circumstances. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 491-512 Issue: 6 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106032000167373 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106032000167373 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:6:p:491-512 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dominic Stead Author-X-Name-First: Dominic Author-X-Name-Last: Stead Author-Name: David Banister Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Banister Title: Transport policy scenario-building Abstract: Long-term planning decisions must be as robust as possible to withstand such changes in the policy-making environment. This calls for a new approach for identifying how policies might fare under different types of conditions and for identifying robust no-regrets strategies. This paper outlines a systematic and logical framework for the development of policy scenarios and shows how scenarios can be used in the analysis of future policy options. The article discusses how scenario analysis can be used to identify, anticipate and assess policy options for the future in an environment of uncertainty, mainly using examples of transport policy in Europe. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 513-536 Issue: 6 Volume: 26 Year: 2003 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106032000167382 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106032000167382 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:26:y:2003:i:6:p:513-536 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Liping Fu Author-X-Name-First: Liping Author-X-Name-Last: Fu Title: A fuzzy queuing model for real-time, adaptive prediction of incident delay for ATMS/ATIS Abstract: This paper presents a fuzzy queuing model that can be used to predict the possible delay that a vehicle will experience at an incident location based on real-time information on current queuing conditions, traffic arrivals, lane closings. Compared to most existing methods, the proposed model is unique in three aspects. First, it explicitly accounts for uncertainties involved in all influencing factors and thus allows easy incorporation of imprecise and vague information typically available in this type of prediction environment. Second, the model is adaptive in the way that it allows continuous update of estimates as new information is made available. Third, delays obtained from the model are fuzzy numbers that can be conveniently mapped to linguistic terms for use in systems such as changeable message signs (CMS). A case study is presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed model in facilitating the composition of location-dependent delay messages for CMS. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2003 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000184436 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000184436 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2003:i:1:p:1-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Robert E. Caves Author-X-Name-First: Robert E. Author-X-Name-Last: Caves Title: Modelling and simulation of aircraft turnaround operations at airports Abstract: A new approach for the investigation of aircraft turnaround operation performance at airports is proposed in this paper. A Markovian type simulation model is used to simulate operational uncertainties arising from aircraft turnaround operations. Monte Carlo Simulation techniques are implemented to carry out stochastic simulations in order to capture the stochastic effects of flight punctuality and operational uncertainties. Two sets of flight data collected in a period of three months from a European airline are used in case studies. Simulation results, when compared with observations, show the close relationship between the departure punctuality of a turnaround aircraft and the length of scheduled turnaround time of an aircraft. It is concluded that the inherent schedule punctuality of a flight schedule is influenced by two factors: the amount of schedule buffer time included in the ground time of an aircraft and the operational efficiency of the turnaround. In addition, the proposed aircraft turnaround model is also a suitable managerial tool for airlines and aircraft ground service providers to evaluate the operational efficiency of turnaround operations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 25-46 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000184445 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000184445 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2003:i:1:p:25-46 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Robert E. Caves Author-X-Name-First: Robert E. Author-X-Name-Last: Caves Title: Modelling and optimization of aircraft turnaround time at an airport Abstract: Gate-to-gate punctuality has long been the operational goal of the air transport industry. In this paper, an analytical model is proposed to simulate the efficiency of aircraft turnaround operations at airports. Scenarios for different aircraft punctuality performance have been modelled and tested. The concept of scheduling buffer time into the ground time of aircraft turnaround operations is introduced in the model at the expense of reducing aircraft productivity to minimize system costs from operational uncertainties. Stochastic functions are employed to simulate the inbound punctuality of arrival aircraft in order to take into account the punctuality uncertainties from the operation of flight schedules. Flight data from a European carrier is used to validate the model. Analyses show that the proper use of schedule buffer time in aircraft turnaround time can minimize system costs by balancing trade-offs between schedule punctuality and aircraft utilization. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 47-66 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2003 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000184454 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000184454 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2003:i:1:p:47-66 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Iljoon Chang Author-X-Name-First: Iljoon Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Author-Name: Gang-len Chang * Author-X-Name-First: Gang-len Author-X-Name-Last: Chang * Title: A network-based model for estimating the market share of a new high-speed rail system Abstract: This paper presents a novel application of static traffic assignment methods, but with a variable time value, for estimating the market share of high-speed rail (HSR) in the northwest--southeast (NW--SE) corridor of Korea currently served by air, conventional rail and highway modes. The proposed model employs a time--space network structure to capture the interrelations among competing transportation modes, and to reflect their supply- and demand-side constraints as well as interactions through properly formulated link-node structures. The embedded cost function for each network link offers the flexibility for incorporating all associated factors, such as travel time and fare, in the model computation, and enables the use of a distribution rather than a constant to represent the time--value variation among all transportation mode users. To capture the value-of-time (VOT) of tripmakers along the target corridor realistically, this study has developed a calibration method with aggregate demand information and key system performance data from the NW--SE corridor. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 67-90 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000218186 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000218186 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:2:p:67-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Andersson * Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson * Author-Name: P. Värbrand Author-X-Name-First: P. Author-X-Name-Last: Värbrand Title: The flight perturbation problem Abstract: Airlines spend considerable time, effort and financial resources on planning. It is essential to create a competitive timetable and construct a fleet and a crew schedule that utilizes these resources to the maximum. Unfortunately, it is all too common that an airline is faced with the necessity of reconstructing their schedules due to some unforeseen event, for example an aircraft breakdown or a crew member that is indisposed. In this paper, an application that can help airlines solve the complex problem of reconstructing aircraft schedules is presented. A mixed integer multicommodity flow model with side constraints is developed and further reformulated into a set packing model using the Dantzig—Wolfe decomposition. Cancellations, delays and aircraft swaps are used to resolve the perturbation, and the model ensures that the schedule returns to normal within a certain time. Two column generation schemes for heuristically solving the model are tested on real problem data obtained from a Swedish domestic airline. The computational tests show that the application is capable of presenting high quality solutions in a few seconds and therefore can be used as a dynamic decision support tool by the airlines. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 91-117 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000218195 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000218195 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:2:p:91-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Satish Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Satish Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Author-Name: Pawan Lingras * Author-X-Name-First: Pawan Author-X-Name-Last: Lingras * Author-Name: Ming Zhong Author-X-Name-First: Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong Title: Effect of missing values estimations on traffic parameters Abstract: Estimating missing values is known as data imputation. The proper imputation of missing values of permanent traffic counts (PTCs) could result in significant cost savings for highway agencies in their traffic data programs. However, little research has been done on missing values and only limited research has used factor or time series analysis models for predicting them. Moreover, studies of the effect of the imputations on traffic parameters estimations are not available. This study used factor models, genetically designed neural network and regression models, and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models to update pseudo-missing values of six PTCs from Alberta, Canada. The influences of these imputations on the estimations of annual average daily traffic (AADT) and design hourly volume (DHV) were studied. It was found that simple models usually resulted in large AADT and DHV estimation errors. As models were refined, resulting estimations for individual missing hourly volumes significantly improved. Usually these models provided highly accurate AADT and DHV estimations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 119-144 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000218203 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000218203 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:2:p:119-144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elvezia M. Cepolina Author-X-Name-First: Elvezia M. Author-X-Name-Last: Cepolina Author-Name: Nick Tyler Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Tyler Title: Microscopic simulation of pedestrians in accessibility evaluation Abstract: Evaluation of accessibility is of increasing importance to the design of the public realm -- including both the built and moving environments and particularly the interface between them. This is of particular relevance to people who are living on the ‘margins of accessibility’, for example, elderly or disabled people. This paper discusses the interactions between a person, the environment and the activities they wish to pursue, and proposes a model that incorporates the concept of ‘capabilities’. The paper then describes how the systematization of these concepts could be tested by incorporating them in a microscopic simulation model of pedestrian activity. A worked example is used to demonstrate how the conceptual approach could yield consistent results under these circumstances. The paper concludes that the conceptual model provides a good basis for the evaluation of accessibility and that the microscopic simulation model incorporating these characteristics would be a useful way of testing pedestrian--environment interactions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 145-180 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000228734 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000228734 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:3:p:145-180 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael J. Clay * Author-X-Name-First: Michael J. Author-X-Name-Last: Clay * Author-Name: Patricia L. Mokhtarian Author-X-Name-First: Patricia L. Author-X-Name-Last: Mokhtarian Title: Personal travel management: the adoption and consideration of travel-related strategies Abstract: Traveler behavior plays a role in the effectiveness of travel demand management (TDM) policies. Personal travel management is explored in this paper by analyzing individuals' adoption and consideration of 17 travel-related alternatives in relation to socio-demographic, mobility, travel-related attitude, personality and lifestyle preference variables. The sample comprises 1282 commuters living in urban and suburban neighborhoods of the San Francisco Bay Area. Among the findings: females were more likely to have adopted/considered the more ‘costly’ strategies; those with higher mobility were more likely to have adopted/considered travel-maintaining as well as travel-reducing strategies; and those who like travel and want to do more are less likely to consider travel-reducing strategies. These findings, when combined with those of earlier work on this subject, present a compelling argument for the need to further understand traveler behavior -- particularly in response to congestion and TDM policies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 181-209 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000226907 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000226907 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:3:p:181-209 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven I. Chien * Author-X-Name-First: Steven I. Author-X-Name-Last: Chien * Author-Name: Zhaoqiong Qin Author-X-Name-First: Zhaoqiong Author-X-Name-Last: Qin Title: Optimization of bus stop locations for improving transit accessibility Abstract: A mathematical model is developed in this paper to improve the accessibility of a bus service. To formulate the optimization model, a segment of a bus route is given, on which a number of demand entry points are distributed realistically. The objective total cost function (i.e. the sum of supplier and user costs) is minimized by optimizing the number and locations of stops, subject to non-additive users' value of time. A numerical example is designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method thus developed to optimize the bus stop location problem. The sensitivity of the total cost to various parameters (e.g. value of users' time, access speed, and demand density) and the effect of the parameters on the optimal stop locations are analyzed and discussed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 211-227 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000226899 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000226899 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:3:p:211-227 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Enrique Fernández L. Author-X-Name-First: J. Enrique Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández L. Author-Name: Joaquín De Cea Ch Author-X-Name-First: Joaquín Author-X-Name-Last: De Cea Ch Author-Name: Ricardo Giesen E Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo Author-X-Name-Last: Giesen E Title: A strategic model of freight operations for rail transportation systems Abstract: <title/> This paper formulates and analyzes a new strategic model for freight rail transportation systems. The objective of the model is predicting equilibrium flows and levels of service, given origin-destination (O-D) transportation demands for a set of different products. The model has the following distinctive characteristics: (1) a detailed representation of different freight rail yard operations is made and railway services with their operational characteristics are considered explicitly; (2) priorities are assigned to different types of freight cars to be moved, depending on the products transported; (3) the distribution of empty freight cars and their assignment over the rail network is treated simultaneously with the assignment of products to be transported; and (4) capacity constraints are considered for the movement of various products. Solution approaches are discussed. The model can be used to evaluate freight railway systems, including yard operations and rail services management policies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 231-260 Issue: 4 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000228743 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000228743 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:4:p:231-260 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fernando Marín Martínez Author-X-Name-First: Fernando Marín Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez Author-Name: Isabel García Gutiérrez Author-X-Name-First: Isabel García Author-X-Name-Last: Gutiérrez Author-Name: Alberto Ortiz Oliveira Author-X-Name-First: Alberto Ortiz Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira Author-Name: Luis Miguel Arreche Bedia Author-X-Name-First: Luis Miguel Arreche Author-X-Name-Last: Bedia Title: Gantry crane operations to transfer containers between trains: A simulation study of a Spanish terminal Abstract: <title/> Freight transfer operations are critical in combined transport networks. In this paper a simulation model and modelling approach to the transfer of cargo between trains at rail terminals is presented. The model is used to study the Port-Bou terminal, the main intermodal terminal at the Spanish-French frontier. Four different gantry crane operation modes to interchange containers between trains are evaluated. These operation rules are tested in several scenarios to examine the critical factors of the system and the best operation rule for each situation. Latest generation software is used to develop the model that incorporates modular programming and enhanced graphic systems for output representation. It allows a dynamic display of the simulated system and, likewise, the possibility of developing modules that can be reused in other studies. The research shows how simulation can be a useful planning tool in the rail transportation context. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 261-284 Issue: 4 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000263069 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000263069 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:4:p:261-284 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abraham Akkerman Author-X-Name-First: Abraham Author-X-Name-Last: Akkerman Author-Name: Yewon Hwang-Kurylyk Author-X-Name-First: Yewon Author-X-Name-Last: Hwang-Kurylyk Title: The origin-destination matrix as an indicator of intrahousehold travel allocation Abstract: <title/> Subareas throughout a city may be viewed as both daytime destinations for some persons as well as residence (or nighttime) locations for some households. Associated with the average household in each subarea is the distribution of its members by their daytime destinations. Travel allocation of individuals by their principal subarea of daytime destination can be thus constructed for the average household in each subarea throughout a city. Intrahousehold allocation of daytime destinations can thus be represented in a convenient tabular form, the household composition matrix. Further interpretation shows the household composition matrix to be a special case of an origin-destination (O-D) matrix representing commuter volumes between subareas of nighttime and daytime location. Formal features of the household composition matrix, furthermore, render it equivalent to the Leontief input-output matrix. The relationship between intrahousehold travel allocation and household composition, as an O-D matrix, emerges to be of particular importance within the context of Leontief's input-output concept. Application to the Seoul Metropolitan Area indicates a discernable pattern in intrahousehold travel allocation when ordering of the household composition matrix is based on ratios between daytime and nighttime populations across the city's subareas. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 285-314 Issue: 4 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000263078 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000263078 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:4:p:285-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marco Diana Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Diana Title: Innovative systems for the transportation disadvantaged: Toward more efficient and operationally usable planning tools Abstract: <title/> When considering innovative forms of public transport for specific groups, such as demand responsive services, the challenge is to find a good balance between operational efficiency and 'user friendliness' of the scheduling algorithm even when specialized skills are not available. Regret insertion-based processes have shown their effectiveness in addressing this specific concern. We introduce a new class of hybrid regret measures to understand better why the behaviour of this kind of heuristic is superior to that of other insertion rules. Our analyses show the importance of keeping a good balance between short- and long-term strategies during the solution process. We also use this methodology to investigate the relationship between the number of vehicles needed and total distance covered - the key point of any cost analysis striving for greater efficiency. Against expectations, in most cases decreasing fleet size leads to savings in vehicle mileage, since the heuristic solution is still far from optimality. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 315-331 Issue: 4 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000263087 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000263087 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:4:p:315-331 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yvonne Bontekoning Author-X-Name-First: Yvonne Author-X-Name-Last: Bontekoning Author-Name: Hugo Priemus Author-X-Name-First: Hugo Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus Title: Breakthrough innovations in intermodal freight transport Abstract: <title/> Breakthrough innovations, whether technological, organizational or both, are a necessity if the market share of intermodal freight transport is to expand. The main growth potential lies in the markets for flows over short distances, for perishable and high-value commodities, for small consignments, and for flows that demand speed, reliability and flexibility. It will take radical innovations to produce a breakthrough in the modal split and allow these new markets to be conquered. This special issue is based on papers presented at an international conference on freight transport automation and multimodality, held in Delft in May 2002, that are illustrative of the direction of breakthrough research and development (R&D) aimed at increasing the market share for intermodal transport. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 335-345 Issue: 5 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000273031 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000273031 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:5:p:335-345 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harald Rotter Author-X-Name-First: Harald Author-X-Name-Last: Rotter Title: New operating concepts for intermodal transport: The mega hub in Hanover/Lehrte in Germany Abstract: <title/> In intermodal logistics, combined transport operators and railway companies are engaged in the development of efficient block train concepts. The proportion of transport using single railway wagons is decreasing because of its poor time-quality ratio. In future, transport services will be focussed on industrial zones and large cities that offer the transport volumes required for direct train operation. In this regard, it will become more difficult for regions with smaller load volumes to be integrated into a combined transport network. In order to confront this trend, new concepts for bundling transport volumes have to be developed. One such concept is the 'mega hub'. The core idea is to interchange load units between several block trains during a short stop at an intermodal terminal. The paper provides an overview of the operating concept of the mega hub and the opportunities for intermodal transport operators. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 347-365 Issue: 5 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000273022 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000273022 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:5:p:347-365 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joseph Evers Author-X-Name-First: Joseph Author-X-Name-Last: Evers Author-Name: Ronald de Feijter Author-X-Name-First: Ronald Author-X-Name-Last: de Feijter Title: Centralized versus distributed feeder ship service: The case of the Maasvlakte harbour area of Rotterdam Abstract: <title/> Coastal and inland feeder shipping is a critical factor for intercontinental container transport. The question is whether each intercontinental terminal should be equipped with its own service stations for feeder shipping, or whether pooling of the facilities would be more effective. For this paper, the service station examined for the service of feeder ships is equipped with two quay cranes operating in parallel supported by a small active quay stack. The centre for this feeder service consists of several of these stations. Simulation shows that a crane productivity of 96% is feasible with an average vehicle waiting time of 1 min, that a central service requires fewer service stations than a distributed service and that the quay transport for central and distributed transport requires the same number of terminal vehicles. The analysis shows that a centralized service is preferable, attracting 70% of the market potential. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 367-384 Issue: 5 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000273013 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000273013 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:5:p:367-384 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ingo Hansen Author-X-Name-First: Ingo Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen Title: Automated shunting of rail container wagons in ports and terminal areas Abstract: <title/> The development of intermodal container transport is hampered in part by the cost associated with the shunting of trains in marshalling yards, inland and port railway terminals. Many new technologies have been developed in the past decade, but have still not been applied because of high capital investment costs, lack of sufficient market demand and uncertain rates of return. The key for increasing the competitiveness of intermodal container transport by rail is the operation of heavy haul container trains between port and inland railway terminals more frequently with fast, flexible and automatic transhipment, shunting and coupling of container wagons. The operation of self-driven railcars equipped with automatic centre coupling on terminal tracks, which can also be train-hauled on conventional hinterland railway lines, would enable a reduction of shunting and transhipment time and costs in intermodal container terminals by more than 30%. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 385-401 Issue: 5 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000280501 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000280501 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:5:p:385-401 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fredrik Bärthel Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik Author-X-Name-Last: Bärthel Author-Name: Johan Woxenius Author-X-Name-First: Johan Author-X-Name-Last: Woxenius Title: Developing intermodal transport for small flows over short distances Abstract: <title/> Intermodal road-rail freight transport works best within markets with relatively large flows occurring over long distances, which corresponds poorly to the current demand for transport in the European Union. The purpose of this paper is to compare the capabilities of conventional European intermodal transport, with special reference to the competitiveness in markets with small flows over short distances, and to explore innovative concepts. Using a technological systems approach, key functions are identified as being the inducement and blocking mechanisms that affect the development and diffusion path of this 'small flows over short distances' (SFSD) system, providing a tool for empirical delineation of the system. These concepts are illustrated and analysed through a case study of the Swedish development project Light-combi. The results show that market and financial uncertainties, insufficient network connectivity and policies favouring the existing technology paradigm, severely hamper the development and diffusion of SFSD systems. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 403-424 Issue: 5 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000287586 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000287586 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:5:p:403-424 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert B. Noland * Author-X-Name-First: Robert B. Author-X-Name-Last: Noland * Author-Name: Washington Y. Ochieng Author-X-Name-First: Washington Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Ochieng Author-Name: Mohammed A. Quddus Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed A. Author-X-Name-Last: Quddus Author-Name: Robin J. North Author-X-Name-First: Robin J. Author-X-Name-Last: North Author-Name: John W. Polak Author-X-Name-First: John W. Author-X-Name-Last: Polak Title: The vehicle emissions and performance monitoring system: analysis of tailpipe emissions and vehicle performance Abstract: This paper describes tailpipe emission results generated by the Vehicle Performance and Emissions Monitoring system (VPEMS). VPEMS integrates on-board emissions and vehicle/driver performance measurements with positioning and communications technologies, to transmit a coherent spatio-temporally referenced dataset to a central base station in near real time. These results focus on relationships between tailpipe emissions of CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>x</sub> and speed and acceleration. Emissions produced by different driving modes are also presented. Results are generally as one would expect, showing variation between vehicle speed, vehicle acceleration and emissions. Data is based upon a test run in central London on urban streets with speeds not exceeding about 65 km/h. The results presented demonstrate the capabilities of the system. Various issues remain with regard to validation of the data and expansion of the system capability to obtain additional vehicle performance data. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 431-447 Issue: 6 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000293480 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000293480 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:6:p:431-447 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Murat Celik Author-X-Name-First: H. Murat Author-X-Name-Last: Celik Title: Forecasting interregional commodity flows using artificial neural networks: an evaluation Abstract: Previous studies have concluded that the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) is a promising new technique for modelling freight distribution, supporting the findings of other studies in the area of spatial interaction modelling. However, the forecasting performance of ANNs is still under investigation. This study tests the predictive performance of the ANN Model with respect to a Box--Cox spatial interaction model. It is concluded that the Box--Cox model outperforms ANN in forecasting interregional commodity flows even if ANN had proven calibration superiority in comparison to conventional gravity type models. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 449-467 Issue: 6 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000293499 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000293499 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:6:p:449-467 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hedayat Z. Aashtiani Author-X-Name-First: Hedayat Z. Author-X-Name-Last: Aashtiani Author-Name: Hossain Poorzahedy * Author-X-Name-First: Hossain Author-X-Name-Last: Poorzahedy * Title: Braess' phenomenon in the management of networks and dissociation of equilibrium concepts Abstract: Braess' phenomenon, also known as Braess' paradox, is a phenomenon that has received considerable attention in transportation engineering and planning, as well as in other fields. It has an important implication in the area of investment in transportation networks, namely that adding a new link in a network may increase the cost to the users of that network. In this paper we show this phenomenon in a new environment. Unlike traditional examples, which involve the physical addition of a link to a network (a 0/1 integer decision variable), an example is presented where the decision variable is continuous in nature. Moreover, this example conveys two new messages. First, it is shown that some logical criterion of assigning common resources among users of a network proportional to the number of users competing for common resources may not serve the purpose of efficiency in the sense of minimizing total user travel cost (time). Second, it is demonstrated that the very interdependence of variables and decisions may lead to multi-equilibrium solutions to the equilibrium flow problem, some of which may not satisfy the once taken for granted characteristic that if the flow pattern satisfies equilibrium conditions, then no user may be better off by unilaterally changing paths. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 469-482 Issue: 6 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000316367 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000316367 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:6:p:469-482 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Suzana Kahn Ribeiro Author-X-Name-First: Suzana Kahn Author-X-Name-Last: Ribeiro Author-Name: Márcio De Almeida D'agosto * Author-X-Name-First: Márcio De Almeida Author-X-Name-Last: D'agosto * Title: Assessment of hybrid-drive bus fuel savings for Brazilian urban transit Abstract: Buses are the main transit mode in Brazil, transporting more than 55 million passengers per day. Most of these vehicles run on diesel oil causing a dependence on oil, extensive greenhouse gas emissions and increasing air pollution in urban areas. In order to improve this situation, options for Brazilian cities include the use of alternative fuels and new propulsion technologies, such as hybrid vehicles. This paper proposes a procedure for evaluating the performance of a recently developed hybrid-drive technology. A simple procedure is presented to compare hybrid-drive buses with conventional diesel buses in urban operations, particularly with respect to fuel economy. Next the potential for reducing diesel oil consumption through the use of hybrid-drive buses is assessed. Field tests carried out by the authors indicate that fuel consumption improvement through the use of hybrid-drive buses would certainly exceed 20%, resulting in lower fuel costs and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) emissions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 483-509 Issue: 6 Volume: 27 Year: 2004 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106042000316376 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106042000316376 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:27:y:2004:i:6:p:483-509 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Janic Author-X-Name-First: Milan Author-X-Name-Last: Janic Title: Modelling airport congestion charges Abstract: This article deals with modelling congestion charges at an airport. In this context, congestion charging represents internalizing the cost of marginal delays that a flight imposes on other flights due to congestion. The modelling includes estimating congestion and flight delays, the cost of these delays and the efficiency of particular flights following the introduction of a congestion charge. The models are applied to an airport -- New York LaGuardia -- to illustrate their ability to handle more realistic congestion scenarios as well as the nature of the congestion to be charged, the effectiveness of the congestion charge and a sensitivity analysis based on changes in the nature of congestion as well as characteristics of demand in terms of flight-aircraft type and airport capacity. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-26 Issue: 1 Volume: 28 Year: 2004 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106052000340369 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106052000340369 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2004:i:1:p:1-26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erhan Kozan Author-X-Name-First: Erhan Author-X-Name-Last: Kozan Author-Name: Robert Burdett Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Burdett Title: A railway capacity determination model and rail access charging methodologies Abstract: This article discusses approaches to the determination of railway capacity and the significance of the following factors on capacity: mix of trains, length and weight of trains, direction of train travel, acceleration and deceleration, stopping protocols of trains, location and length of crossing loops, location of signals, length of sections, dwell times and sectional running times. A more accurate method to calculate railway capacity is developed using previously unaddressed aspects for capacity determination. Capacity and pricing are two key issues for organizations involved with open track access regimes. A train access charging methodology is therefore developed and incorporated into a railway capacity determination model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 27-45 Issue: 1 Volume: 28 Year: 2004 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106052000340378 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106052000340378 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2004:i:1:p:27-45 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dušan Teodorović Author-X-Name-First: Dušan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorović Author-Name: Panta Lučić Author-X-Name-First: Panta Author-X-Name-Last: Lučić Title: Schedule synchronization in public transit using the fuzzy ant system Abstract: Trips between nodes in public transit networks may be made with or without making transfers. Transfers usually represent an inconvenience to passengers. Since poorly coordinated transfers can increase waiting times significantly, it is especially important (when constructing timetables) to synchronize schedules carefully in cases of larger headways. Poorly coordinated transfers can also reduce the number of passengers using public transit as a result of switching to competitor modes. When designing synchronized schedules it is necessary to try to minimize the total waiting times of all passengers at transfer nodes in a transit network. Often only approximate numbers of transfer passengers are known. This paper develops a model for schedule synchronization where the number of transfer passengers is only approximately known. The model is based on the Fuzzy Ant System that represents a combination of the Ant Colony System and Fuzzy Logic. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 47-76 Issue: 1 Volume: 28 Year: 2004 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/0308106052000340387 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0308106052000340387 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2004:i:1:p:47-76 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frank Witlox Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox Author-Name: Els Vandaele Author-X-Name-First: Els Author-X-Name-Last: Vandaele Title: Determining the Monetary Value of Quality Attributes in Freight Transportation Using a Stated Preference Approach Abstract: It is commonly accepted that the modal choice of a shipper is influenced not only by the pure economic attributes of transportation -- time and cost -- but also by more qualitative factors. These quality attributes relate to frequency, reliability, flexibility, transport duration and risk of loss or damage; they are usually difficult to quantify in monetary terms. Different techniques exist that help to understand better how these different quality attributes of freight transportation influence modal choice. In this paper we apply a stated preference design. Using real business data, the aim is then to derive partial utility functions that allow us to calculate monetary values for these different quality attributes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 77-92 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500053301 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500053301 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:2:p:77-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Antony Stathopoulos Author-X-Name-First: Antony Author-X-Name-Last: Stathopoulos Author-Name: Theodore Tsekeris Author-X-Name-First: Theodore Author-X-Name-Last: Tsekeris Title: Methodology for Validating Dynamic Origin--Destination Matrix Estimation Models with Implications for Advanced Traveler Information Systems Abstract: This paper describes a methodology for validating online dynamic O--D matrix estimation models using loop detector data in large-scale transportation networks. The simulation procedure focuses on travel aspects related to the collective trip structure of users, including the amount and duration of trips between O--D pairs, trip departure rates, average travel time from each origin and combinations of them. The analysis identifies emerging systematic patterns between these factors and issues related to the model performance, including network scale effects. This procedure aims to enhance the usage of prior O--D information based on, e.g. travel surveys, that are typically used in the estimation process. Moreover, it seeks to integrate the validation of dynamic O--D matrix estimation models with strategies for identifying target population groups for online planning and assessment of real-time travel information services within the context of Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS). Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 93-112 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500053368 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500053368 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:2:p:93-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kali Prasad Nepal Author-X-Name-First: Kali Prasad Author-X-Name-Last: Nepal Author-Name: Dongjoo Park Author-X-Name-First: Dongjoo Author-X-Name-Last: Park Title: Solving the Median Shortest Path Problem in the Planning and Design of Urban Transportation Networks Using a Vector Labeling Algorithm Abstract: This paper proposes an alternative algorithm to solve the median shortest path problem (MSPP) in the planning and design of urban transportation networks. The proposed vector labeling algorithm is based on the labeling of each node in terms of a multiple and conflicting vector of objectives which deletes cyclic, infeasible and extreme-dominated paths in the criteria space imposing cyclic break (CB), path cost constraint (PCC) and access cost parameter (ACP) respectively. The output of the algorithm is a set of Pareto optimal paths (POP) with an objective vector from predetermined origin to destination nodes. Thus, this paper formulates an algorithm to identify a non-inferior solution set of POP based on a non-dominated set of objective vectors that leaves the ultimate decision to decision-makers. A numerical experiment is conducted using an artificial transportation network in order to validate and compare results. Sensitivity analysis has shown that the proposed algorithm is more efficient and advantageous over existing solutions in terms of computing execution time and memory space used. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 113-133 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500053509 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500053509 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:2:p:113-133 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Justin Siegel Author-X-Name-First: Justin Author-X-Name-Last: Siegel Author-Name: Juan Enrique Coeymans Author-X-Name-First: Juan Enrique Author-X-Name-Last: Coeymans Title: An Integrated Framework for Traffic Analysis Combining Macroscopic and Microscopic Models Abstract: In this paper we describe the use of specific methodologies and programming tools that allow the integration of macro- and microscopic models for the analysis of urban transportation systems. Considering, on the one hand, the advantages of using a macroscopic model for the representation of large-scale networks, and, on the other, the high level of detail that can be achieved by a microscopic model, we discuss different examples and applications where it is practical to integrate their use. One such case is the analysis of sub-areas that are part of a large macroscopic network, in order to represent detailed design changes as well as traffic management schemes that cannot be treated explicitly by the macroscopic model. We propose in these cases that the demand information considered in the macro model be transferred to the micro model, and also that advantage be taken of micro modeling to fine-tune or improve the representation of certain macro level phenomena (e.g. through the definition of link capacities). The applications make use of the ESTRAUS macroscopic model and the GETRAM/AIMSUN microscopic traffic simulator. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 135-148 Issue: 2 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500053533 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500053533 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:2:p:135-148 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael J. Clay Author-X-Name-First: Michael J. Author-X-Name-Last: Clay Author-Name: Robert A. Johnston Author-X-Name-First: Robert A. Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston Title: Univariate Uncertainty Analysis of an Integrated Land Use and Transportation Model: MEPLAN Abstract: Land use and transportation models are typically given precise inputs and return precise outputs. This precision should not be mistaken for accuracy. The purpose of this paper is to introduce uncertainty into three inputs and one parameter of a fully integrated land use and travel demand model -- MEPLAN -- to determine the effect of uncertain inputs on model outputs. Inputs were selected based upon there being expected sources of uncertainty. Inputs were varied individually based upon plausible amounts of error and the marginal impact of each on outputs was examined. Counter to the findings of previous similar studies, uncertainty in the socio-economic forecasts did not dominate the final amounts of error observed in the model outputs. The propagation of error across model years, as well as the final level of error in the end-year, is examined. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 149-165 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500120233 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500120233 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:3:p:149-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Meng Lu Author-X-Name-First: Meng Author-X-Name-Last: Lu Author-Name: Kees Wevers Author-X-Name-First: Kees Author-X-Name-Last: Wevers Author-Name: Rob Van Der Heijden Author-X-Name-First: Rob Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Heijden Title: Technical Feasibility of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) for Road Traffic Safety Abstract: This paper explores the technical feasibility of five Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) functions to contribute to road traffic safety, to reach stated European (EU) and national road traffic safety targets. These functions -- enhanced navigation, speed assistance, collision avoidance, intersection support and lane keeping -- were selected from previous research as adequate substitutes for infrastructure related measures. State-of-the-art enabling technologies (like positioning, radar, laser, vision and communication) and their potential are analysed from a technical perspective, and possible obstacles for large-scale dedicated ADAS implementation for road traffic safety are discussed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 167-187 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500120282 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500120282 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:3:p:167-187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shangyao Yan Author-X-Name-First: Shangyao Author-X-Name-Last: Yan Author-Name: Chin-Hui Tang Author-X-Name-First: Chin-Hui Author-X-Name-Last: Tang Author-Name: Chong-Lan Shieh Author-X-Name-First: Chong-Lan Author-X-Name-Last: Shieh Title: A Simulation Framework for Evaluating Airline Temporary Schedule Adjustments Following Incidents Abstract: Many factors affect the performance of temporary schedule adjustments following incidents. These factors include static recovery scheduling, stochastic flight delays and ‘real-time’ schedule adjustments. Most research on recovery scheduling has focused on improving static recovery scheduling models. None has analyzed these factors from a systems perspective. The research on which this paper is based proposes a framework, embodying a simulation process, that is not only be able to analyze the influence of stochastic flight delays on static recovery scheduling, but can also help to design more effective flexible buffer times and ‘real-time’ schedule adjustment rules. To test the framework we perform a simulation using data from a Taiwan domestic airline. The preliminary results show that the framework could be usefully applied by airlines in practice. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 189-211 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500120324 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500120324 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:3:p:189-211 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ming Zhong Author-X-Name-First: Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong Author-Name: Satish Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Satish Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Author-Name: Pawan Lingras Author-X-Name-First: Pawan Author-X-Name-Last: Lingras Title: Refining Genetically Designed Models for Improved Traffic Prediction on Rural Roads Abstract: Research into advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) for rural roads is limited. However, highway agencies expect to implement intelligent transportation systems (ITS) in both urban and rural areas. In this paper, genetic algorithms (GAs) are used to design both time delay neural network (TDNN) models as well as locally weighted regression (LWR) models to predict short-term traffic for two rural roads in Alberta, Canada. A top-down refinement was used to study the interactions between modeling techniques and underlying data sets for obtaining highly accurate models. It is found that LWR models achieve faster accuracy improvement than TDNN models over the refinement process. Compared with previous research, the models proposed here show higher accuracy. The average errors for the best LWR models obtained through the model-refining process are less than 2% in most cases. For refined TDNN models, the average errors are usually less than 6--7%. The resulting models indicate a level of high robustness over different types of roads, and thus may be considered desirable for real-world statewide ITS implementations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 213-236 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500120340 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500120340 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:3:p:213-236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John C. Sutton Author-X-Name-First: John C. Author-X-Name-Last: Sutton Title: GIS Applications in Transit Planning and Operations: A Review of Current Practice, Effective Applications and Challenges in the USA Abstract: <title>ABSTRACT Over the years, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology has been implemented for a variety of purposes within the transit industry. With this have come many new uses, benefits and challenges. The purpose of this article is to provide a review of current practice, effective applications and challenges from a US perspective. The findings are based on a Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Synthesis project that researched the state-of-the-practice of GIS applications in transit in the USA. Completed in 2004, the Synthesis project is the most comprehensive survey and review of transit GIS ever undertaken in the USA. Drawing from a number of sources and methods including a literature review, surveys and case studies, the Synthesis analyzed the trends in GIS use from the early 1990s to the present day, and identifies trends and future growth areas. This paper summarizes the Synthesis findings and illustrates the value of GIS to transit agencies in service provision and in customer benefits. The article describes three levels of use of GIS within transit agencies and the range of applications that GIS is supporting. Its findings apply to transit practitioners and researchers including technical staff, transit managers and vendors of GIS solutions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 237-250 Issue: 4 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500247655 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500247655 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:4:p:237-250 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ed Nash Author-X-Name-First: Ed Author-X-Name-Last: Nash Author-Name: Andy Cope Author-X-Name-First: Andy Author-X-Name-Last: Cope Author-Name: Phil James Author-X-Name-First: Phil Author-X-Name-Last: James Author-Name: David Parker Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Title: Cycle Network Planning: Towards a Holistic Approach Using Temporal Topology Abstract: ABSTRACT Current cycle-network planning (CNP) at the local level tends to be dominated by a subjective-pragmatic approach in which it is only possible to consider a limited number of route alignment possibilities and development-sequencing scenarios. Although this method may produce acceptable results, it may also be true that the final design could be improved -- and the construction efficiency could be enhanced -- by a more comprehensive review of the available options in relation to the objectives of the intervention. Such objectives may include accident reduction, modal shift in favour of cycling, health benefits or strategic expansion of a network. This article presents work undertaken to demonstrate a holistic approach to CNP, based on a logically defined spatio-temporal model and allowing some semi-automated multiobjective optimization of network designs in a GIS-based decision-support system. The model is introduced briefly before a case study applying this model to development of a cycle network in a small town in northeast England is described. The results obtained from this case study and the implications of this research for cycle network planners are discussed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 251-271 Issue: 4 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500247739 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500247739 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:4:p:251-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rodrigo Fernandez Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez Author-Name: Nick Tyler Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Tyler Title: Effect of Passenger--Bus--Traffic Interactions on Bus Stop Operations Abstract: ABSTRACT Buses are the unrecognized champions of public transport in modern cities around the world. However, the bus system is usually bedevilled by poor design that has resulted from poor understanding of how a bus system actually works. This article examines the impacts of the interactions between buses, passengers and traffic on delays and capacity at bus stops. First, issues like the stages of bus stop operations, causes of delays, and the interaction between bus frequency and stop delays are analysed. This suggests the necessity of microscopic simulation to study stops operations. An illustration of the sort of understanding that can be achieved by means of simulation experiments regarding arrival patterns of buses and passengers, boarding times, difficulties for leaving the stop and vehicle capacity is shown. Results indicate that it is important not to underestimate the real situation found at bus stops, as designing for ideal conditions will be insufficient if the reality is different. Application of these results shows that dramatic improvements can be made to the performance of the bus system as a result of a better understanding of its operation leading to simple changes in the design of infrastructure. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 273-292 Issue: 4 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500247747 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500247747 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:4:p:273-292 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D'Artis Kancs Author-X-Name-First: D'Artis Author-X-Name-Last: Kancs Title: Efficiency of European Funds in the Accession Countries: The Case of Transport Infrastructure Investments in Latvia Abstract: ABSTRACT A transport initiative, like any kind of public action, has an impact on the monetary cost, time cost, efficiency and comfort of the transportation of goods and people, in particular transport infrastructure investments. All such initiatives are subject to cost benefit analyses at the national and EU level to know whether the present value of total net benefits including environmental impacts exceeds their cost. However, several important policy issues remain unresolved in standard evaluation procedures. One issue is whether the so-called direct measurement of user benefit, which consists of quantifying changes in surplus of the users of the transport system, captures all welfare generated in the economy. Another issue is how the gains (or possibly losses) of a transport initiative are distributed among regions. The aim of this article is to perform a systematic and quantitative analysis of the socio-economic and spatial impacts of alternative transport investments by carrying out scenario simulations in order to improve the understanding of the impact of transportation policies on the short- and long-term spatial development in Latvia. The general result from the scenario simulations is that rail projects seem to be more effective in terms of promoting regional economic activity than road projects. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 293-313 Issue: 4 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500247754 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500247754 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:4:p:293-313 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chin Long Mak Author-X-Name-First: Chin Author-X-Name-Last: Long Mak Author-Name: Henry S.L. Fan Author-X-Name-First: Henry S.L. Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: Evaluation of the Transferability of Incident Detection Algorithms Developed for Singapore Expressways Abstract: ABSTRACT Two new detection algorithms, single-station DV (dual-variable) and dual-station CODE (COmbined Detector Evaluation) were developed earlier using 160 incidents collected along Singapore's Central Expressway (CTE). The transferability of these CTE-developed algorithms is assessed, as a case study, using 100 incidents collected from the Tullamarine Freeway and South Eastern Freeway in Melbourne, Australia. The investigation covers the differences in traffic detector systems (loop detectors versus video-based), road geometry and behaviour between drivers in Singapore and Australia. The re-calibrated application of these algorithms to freeways in Melbourne yielded a reasonably good detection performance as well as satisfying the average expected performances of seven traffic management centres surveyed in the USA. The results suggested that the detection logic of the algorithms developed for CTE possessed reasonably good transferability and are also suitable for receiving traffic inputs from video-based detectors as well as from loop detectors. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 315-339 Issue: 5 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500319686 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500319686 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:5:p:315-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Djoen San Santoso Author-X-Name-First: Djoen Author-X-Name-Last: San Santoso Author-Name: Koji Tsunokawa Author-X-Name-First: Koji Author-X-Name-Last: Tsunokawa Title: Spatial Transferability and Updating Analysis of Mode Choice Models in Developing Countries Abstract: ABSTRACT This article examines the spatial transferability of mode choice models in developing countries. An evaluation of the updating procedure and sample size are also included in the study. Because of the insufficiency of model coefficients in explaining differences in unmeasured modal attributes, naïvely transferring a model is not recommended. An understanding of the transport characteristics in both the estimation context and the application context is required, in order to justify whether a variable is transferable or not. Four updating procedures -- updating alternative specific constants (ASCs), updating ASCs and scale parameter, the combined transfer estimator and Bayesian updating associated with three sets of small sample sizes -- are applied to improve transferability. In general, the first three approaches produce significant improvements. It is also proposed that a minimum small sample size of 400 observations is necessary for updating purposes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 341-358 Issue: 5 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500319694 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500319694 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:5:p:341-358 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven I-JY Chien Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: I-JY Chien Title: Optimization Of Headway, Vehicle Size and Route Choice for Minimum Cost Feeder Service Abstract: ABSTRACT Many people use public transportation systems to reach their destination, while others use personal vehicles. Poor transportation systems do not attract ridership. Therefore, the usage of passenger cars increases, and traffic and environmental conditions deteriorate. Efficient public transportation has been recognized as one of the potential ways of mitigating air pollution, reducing energy consumption, improving mobility and alleviating traffic congestion. The objective of this study is to optimize a bus feeder service that provides the shuttle service between a recreation center (e.g. Sandy Hook, NJ) and a major public transportation facility, subject to site-specific constraints such as vehicle schedules, bus availability, service capacity and budget. The decision variables include bus headway, vehicle size and route choice. The solution methodology integrating both analytical and numerical techniques is developed, which optimizes the decision variables. Finally, the proposed solution methodology is applied to a case study. Numerical results, including optimal solutions and sensitivity analyses, are presented while the level of coordination between the feeder service and a major transportation service is discussed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 359-380 Issue: 5 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500322565 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500322565 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:5:p:359-380 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eui-Hwan Chung Author-X-Name-First: Eui-Hwan Author-X-Name-Last: Chung Author-Name: Amer Shalaby Author-X-Name-First: Amer Author-X-Name-Last: Shalaby Title: A Trip Reconstruction Tool for GPS-based Personal Travel Surveys Abstract: ABSTRACT This article reports on the development of a trip reconstruction software tool for use in GPS-based personal travel surveys. Specifically, the tool enables the automatic processing of GPS traces of individual survey respondents in order to identify the road links traveled and modes used by each respondent for individual trips. Identifying the links is based on a conventional GIS-based map-matching algorithm and identifying the modes is a rule-based algorithm using attributes of four modes (walk, bicycle, bus and passenger-car). The tool was evaluated using GPS travel data collected for the study and a multi-modal transportation network model of downtown Toronto. The results show that the tool correctly detected about 79% of all links traveled and 92% of all trip modes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 381-401 Issue: 5 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500322599 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500322599 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:5:p:381-401 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Soner Haldenbilen Author-X-Name-First: Soner Author-X-Name-Last: Haldenbilen Author-Name: Halim Ceylan Author-X-Name-First: Halim Author-X-Name-Last: Ceylan Title: Transport Demand Management in Turkey: A Genetic Algorithm Approach Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This article proposes new models for estimating transport demand using a genetic algorithm (GA) approach. Based on population, gross national product and number of vehicles, four forms of the genetic algorithm transport planning (GATP) model are developed -- one exponential and the others taking quadratic forms -- and applied to Turkey. The best fit models in terms of minimum total average relative errors in the test period are selected for future estimation. Demand management strategies are proposed based on three scenarios: restricting private car use, restricting truck use and the simultaneous management of private car use and goods movement. Results show that the GATP model may be used to estimate transport demand in terms of passenger-kilometers traveled (pass-km), vehicle-kilometers traveled (veh-km) and ton-kilometers completed (ton-km). Results also show that the third scenario -- simultaneous restrictions on private car use and goods movement -- could reduce total veh-km by about 35% by 2025 in this study of Turkish rural roads. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 403-426 Issue: 6 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500515507 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500515507 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:6:p:403-426 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carlo Theunissen Author-X-Name-First: Carlo Author-X-Name-Last: Theunissen Author-Name: Gerrit K. Janssens Author-X-Name-First: Gerrit K. Author-X-Name-Last: Janssens Title: A ‘Less-flexibility-first’ Heuristic for the Placement of Inland Vessels in a Lock Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Inland vessels move goods along waterways (canals and rivers) and they visit ports. Because of their tidal nature, vessels make use of locks to enter ports or waterways. From a port management point of view, fast access to and from the port and high utilization of locks are important objectives. Where the former relates to low inbound and outbound waiting times, the latter relates to the placement of as many vessels as possible in the lock before its operation. This article includes a case study that relates to the operation of the Van Cauwelaert lock in the port of Antwerp, Belgium. Lock operation policy is as follows: vessels wait in front of the lock for a port administrator to assign places in the lock based on knowledge of the vessels’ dimensions. As such, there is no FIFO-discipline, but a ‘group-FIFO’-discipline, i.e. if n vessels are allowed into the lock, they are the first n vessels in the arrival queue. A heuristic algorithm is formulated for the placement of vessels in the lock. This algorithm supports the decision where to place the vessel in the lock, aiming to place as many vessels as possible from the arrival queue. At the same time, it supports the decision to start a locking operation or not, based on information about vessels that are announced but which have not yet arrived at the lock's entrance. The heuristic is called a ‘less-flexibility-first’-heuristic as it looks for pseudo-placements, showing which flexibility is left for the remaining vessels after placing a vessel. This article describes the implementation of the heuristic and provides numerical examples. A comparison is made between the heuristic results and daily practice, based on real-life vessel movements through the Van Cauwelaert lock in 2002. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 427-446 Issue: 6 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500515556 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500515556 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:6:p:427-446 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Janez Usenik Author-X-Name-First: Janez Author-X-Name-Last: Usenik Author-Name: Marija Bogataj Author-X-Name-First: Marija Author-X-Name-Last: Bogataj Title: A Fuzzy Set Approach for a Location-Inventory Model Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> In the supply chain, production and logistics facilities are positioned between the customer and supply markets. As a consequence, any changes in these markets should cause the enterprise to re-evaluate its location and the capacity of its activities at that particular location in the logistics network, which also means re-evaluating the parameters of input-output matrices for the entire supply chain. Different analytical approaches have been developed to describe the influence of production on the hierarchical spatial pattern. Our article presents a fuzzy set approach to the model of spatial hierarchy as a result of spatial interactions. We attempt to present the difference between net present value estimated by a fuzzy approach on the one hand and report on an analytical approach to the problem on the other. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 447-464 Issue: 6 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500515572 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500515572 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:6:p:447-464 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James E. Moore, Ii Author-X-Name-First: James E. Author-X-Name-Last: Moore, Ii Author-Name: Stephen P. Mattingly Author-X-Name-First: Stephen P. Author-X-Name-Last: Mattingly Author-Name: C. Arthur MacCarley Author-X-Name-First: C. Arthur Author-X-Name-Last: MacCarley Author-Name: Michael G. McNally Author-X-Name-First: Michael G. Author-X-Name-Last: McNally Title: Anaheim Advanced Traffic Control System Field Operations Test: A Technical Evaluation of SCOOT Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This article provides a technical evaluation of the traffic control element of the Anaheim Advanced Traffic Control System Field Operations Test (FOT), sponsored by the US Department of Transportation. The primary objective for this test was the evaluation of adaptive traffic signal control technologies, including the Split Cycle and Offset Optimization Technique (SCOOT) for intersection signal control. The SCOOT evaluation was defined relative to existing, first generation Urban Traffic Control System (UTCS)-based control using standard US field detectorization. This US geometry is not the detector configuration normally used with SCOOT. SCOOT was implemented with some degree of success, though technical problems limited its performance. Anaheim's existing communication and controller systems contributed major deployment limitations since they were less adequate than anticipated. SCOOT remains in use in selected areas, with plans for system expansion. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 465-482 Issue: 6 Volume: 28 Year: 2005 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060500515622 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060500515622 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:28:y:2005:i:6:p:465-482 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Surabhi Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Surabhi Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Author-Name: Sukumar Kalmanje Author-X-Name-First: Sukumar Author-X-Name-Last: Kalmanje Author-Name: Kara M. Kockelman Author-X-Name-First: Kara M. Author-X-Name-Last: Kockelman Title: Road Pricing Simulations: Traffic, Land Use and Welfare Impacts for Austin, Texas Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This article explores the traffic, land use and welfare impacts of road pricing in the Austin (Texas, USA) region, including the introduction of planned toll roads, bridge tolls, and a downtown cordon toll. Different tolling strategies are examined, including fixed versus variable toll rates. The travel demand model (TDM) incorporates joint mode and time-of-day choice models, as well as multinomial model of destination choice, relying on a full feedback of travel times and costs. Austin-calibrated DRAM-EMPAL models are used to predict future household and job distributions. Results include traffic redistribution over space and time, long-term location choice changes, and traveler welfare implications. While the proposed toll roads to generate revenues and enhance traveler options, their estimated project costs are not estimated to exceeds such benefits. In addition, the bridge tolls are expected to successfully redistribute traffic, while the downtown area appears highly sensitive to cordon tolls. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2005 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600584130 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600584130 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2005:i:1:p:1-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Macías-Guarasa Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Macías-Guarasa Author-Name: R. San-Segundo Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: San-Segundo Author-Name: J.M. Montero Author-X-Name-First: J.M. Author-X-Name-Last: Montero Author-Name: J. Ferreiros Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreiros Author-Name: R. Córdoba Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Córdoba Author-Name: F. Fernández Author-X-Name-First: F. Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández Author-Name: L.F. D'Haro Author-X-Name-First: L.F. Author-X-Name-Last: D'Haro Author-Name: J.M. Pardo Author-X-Name-First: J.M. Author-X-Name-Last: Pardo Title: Adapting a Search Algorithm for the Spanish Railway Network Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This article describes a search algorithm adapted to the Spanish Railway Network for generating as many traveling options as possible between two railway stations. This algorithm (Warshall's algorithm) uses connecting matrices to find all possible railway journeys. The Spanish Railway Company has imposed severe restrictions: less than 1 second per query in a 600Mhz processor PC with 32Mb RAM and 150Mb hard disk free memory. The final average time for a simple query is around 0.25 seconds and the whole memory consumption is 127Mb. The final implementation has been divided into 3 modules. In the first module, we store additional information in the connecting matrices to accelerate the later search, proposing several strategies for reducing thier size. The journey option calculation module accesses the matrix information and composes the traveling options. Finally, in the filtering module we describe the selection criteria considering the algorithm embedded in a general information service. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 25-42 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2005 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600585145 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600585145 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2005:i:1:p:25-42 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Qisheng Pan Author-X-Name-First: Qisheng Author-X-Name-Last: Pan Title: Freight Data Assembling and Modeling: Methodologies and Practice Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> In comparison to personal travel, freight movements within large metropolitan areas are much less studied. Most conventional transportation models and planning analysis that disregarded freight flows have been criticized on the plausibility of their results and conclusions. To alleviate these problems, this study proposes a non-survey based approach to assemble and process freight data in a systematic way. A freight origin--destination (OD) matrix of freight flows can be developed using secondary data sources. The estimated freight flows can be loaded together with conventional passenger flows onto the regional highway network of a large metropolitan area. As a case study, this non-survey based approach was applied to build a freight OD and study the traffic flows in Los Angeles. It concluded that this approach can be used to analyze urban freight movement in a low-cost way in which planning agencies can overcome the common omission of freight flow information in their transportation plans. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 43-74 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2005 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600585327 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600585327 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2005:i:1:p:43-74 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tom Rye Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Rye Author-Name: Tom Cowan Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Cowan Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Title: Expansion of a Controlled Parking Zone (CPZ) and its Influence on Modal Split: The Case of Edinburgh Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This article considers the inter-relationship between on-street parking and choice of mode for journeys to work in the Scottish city of Edinburgh. This city is typical of many in that its centre has significant on-street parking controls but, beyond a radius of 1 to 1 1/2 miles (1.5 to 2.5 km) from the centre, there are no controls and commuter parking on-street is commonplace. The article reviews the relevant literature, and then considers the results of a survey undertaken of Edinburgh city centre employees in order to ascertain their parking habits and likely response to the extension of existing on-street parking controls. The article concludes that the results are transferable to other cities but that the scale of the impacts in each will be related to site specific factors, particularly the demand for residential parking space on-street in areas close to the city centre. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 75-89 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2005 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600585368 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600585368 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2005:i:1:p:75-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mei-Shiang Chang Author-X-Name-First: Mei-Shiang Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Author-Name: Che-Fu Hsueh Author-X-Name-First: Che-Fu Author-X-Name-Last: Hsueh Title: A Dynamic Road Pricing Model for Freeway Electronic Toll Collection Systems under Build-Operate-Transfer Arrangements Abstract: In this article, a discrete non-linear mathematical programming model with a variational inequality constraint is proposed to determine road tolls and time-varying congestion tolls for a freeway electronic toll collection system under a build-operate-transfer arrangement. An interdependent relationship between the profits of private investors and the temporal and spatial distributions of traffic demand is integrated into the proposed dynamic road-pricing model. Assuring the maximization of social welfare as a working assumption, an optimal toll scheme is determined by maximizing private investors' profits. A modified Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm integrated with the nested diagonalization method is elaborated to solve this dynamic road pricing problem. Numerical results are given to demonstrate its validity. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 91-104 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600753321 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600753321 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:2:p:91-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bo Huang Author-X-Name-First: Bo Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Author-Name: Li Yao Author-X-Name-First: Li Author-X-Name-Last: Yao Author-Name: K. Raguraman Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Raguraman Title: Bi-level GA and GIS for Multi-objective TSP Route Planning Abstract: Route planning is usually carried out to achieve a single objective such as to minimize transport cost, distance traveled or travel time. This article explores an approach to multi-objective route planning using a genetic algorithm (GA) and geographical information system (GIS) approach. The method is applied to the case of a tourist sight-seeing itinerary, where a route is planned by a tour operator to cover a set of places of interest within a given area. The route planning takes into account four criteria including travel time, vehicle operating cost, safety and surrounding scenic view quality. The multi-objective route planning in this paper can be viewed as an extension of the traditional traveling salesman problem (TSP) since a tourist needs to pass through a number of sight points. The four criteria are quantified using the spatial analytic functions of GIS and a generalized cost for each link is calculated. As different criteria play different roles in the route selection process, and the best order of the multiple points needs to be determined, a bi-level GA has been devised. The upper level aims to determine the weights of each criterion, while the lower level attempts to determine the best order of the sights to be visited based on the new generalized cost that is derived from the weights at the upper level. Both levels collaborate during the iterations and the route with the minimal generalized cost is thus determined. The above sight-seeing route planning methodology has been examined in a region within the central area of Singapore covering 19 places of interest. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 105-124 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600753404 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600753404 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:2:p:105-124 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Satu Innamaa Author-X-Name-First: Satu Author-X-Name-Last: Innamaa Title: Effect of Monitoring System Structure on Short-term Prediction of Highway Travel Time Abstract: This article discusses how the structure of the measurement system affects the short-term forecasts of travel time based on it. The effects of section length and location of different measurement stations were investigated. The study used empirical data. The research was carried out on a 28-km long interurban two-lane highway section. The prediction models were made as feedforward multilayer perceptron neural networks. The main results showed that the division of long road sections into shorter sub-links in the travel time measurement system was important. Furthermore, it would be crucial to obtain information about traffic flow rates entering the section in order to time the start of congestion correctly. In conclusion, the structure of the monitoring system should be based on the analysis of a typical location and the development of congestion along the section. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 125-140 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600753438 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600753438 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:2:p:125-140 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ming Zhong Author-X-Name-First: Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong Author-Name: Satish Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Satish Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Author-Name: Pawan Lingras Author-X-Name-First: Pawan Author-X-Name-Last: Lingras Title: Matching Patterns for Updating Missing Values of Traffic Counts Abstract: The presence of missing values is an important issue for traffic data programs. Previous studies indicate that a large percentage of permanent traffic counts (PTCs) from highway agencies have missing hourly volumes. These missing values make data analysis and usage difficult. A literature review of imputation practice and previous research reveals that simple factor and time series analysis models have been applied to estimate missing values for transport related data. However, no detailed statistical results are available for assessing imputation accuracy. In this study, typical traditional imputation models identified from practice and previous research are evaluated statistically based on data from an automatic traffic recorder (ATR) in Alberta, Canada. A new method based on a pattern matching technique is then proposed for estimating missing values. Study results show that the proposed models have superior levels of performance over traditional imputation models. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 141-156 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600753461 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600753461 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:2:p:141-156 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chi Wai Tsang Author-X-Name-First: Chi Author-X-Name-Last: Wai Tsang Author-Name: Tin Kin Ho Author-X-Name-First: Tin Author-X-Name-Last: Kin Ho Title: Conflict Resolution through Negotiation in a Railway Open Access Market: a Multi-agent System Approach Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Open access reforms to railway regulations allow multiple train operators to provide rail services on a common infrastructure. As railway operations are now independently managed by different stakeholders, conflicts in operations may arise, and there have been attempts to derive an effective access charge regime so that these conflicts may be resolved. One approach is by direct negotiation between the infrastructure manager and the train service providers. Despite the substantial literature on the topic, few consider the benefits of employing computer simulation as an evaluation tool for railway operational activities such as access pricing. This article proposes a multi-agent system (MAS) framework for the railway open market and demonstrates its feasibility by modelling the negotiation between an infrastructure provider and a train service operator. Empirical results show that the model is capable of resolving operational conflicts according to market demand. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 157-182 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600810899 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600810899 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:3:p:157-182 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hugo Pietrantonio Author-X-Name-First: Hugo Author-X-Name-Last: Pietrantonio Author-Name: Luiz Fernando Bizerril Tourinho Author-X-Name-First: Luiz Author-X-Name-Last: Fernando Bizerril Tourinho Title: A Decision-based Criterion for Selecting Parameters in the Evaluation of Pedestrian Safety Problems with the Traffic Conflict Analysis Technique Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This article discusses and applies methods for developing diagnostic parameters for pedestrian traffic safety problems using the traffic conflict analysis technique (TCT) to a study of pedestrian crossings at urban signalized intersections in São Paulo, Brazil. The development of parameters has two tasks: the selection of an adequate classification of conflicts and/or segmentation of crossings, and the determination of parameters for the classes (including recommended confidence levels). Based on the US Federal Highway Administration guides for the study of vehicular conflicts, the pedestrian conflict count limits (abnormally high level of counts for problem detection) and the ratio of accidents per million conflicts (risk index and accident forecasting rate) are developed for the types of urban crossings observed in the signalized intersections of the study. Statistical methods are applied with a new decision-based criterion that could select the best classification/segmentation and the recommended confidence level to be used in applied work. Results obtained from the application of such methods to the case study are presented and discussed as an example application. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 183-216 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600810923 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600810923 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:3:p:183-216 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kofi Obeng Author-X-Name-First: Kofi Author-X-Name-Last: Obeng Author-Name: Mark Burkey Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Burkey Title: Explaining Property Damage from Crashes at Signalized Intersections Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> In this article, we estimate a Tobit model of property damage costs of crashes that occur at signalized intersections with data from one US city -- Greensboro, North Carolina. The model includes data on technological variables, types of crash, types of vehicle, traffic and intersection characteristics, and driver condition at the time of crash. The results indicate that driver condition and type of vehicle contribute more to higher property damage costs than any other variable. Those variables that have negative effects on these costs are being a female driver, traffic volume, commercial and institutional land uses. From the results, we conclude that traffic countermeasures such as reducing the amber signal phase time and posting lower speed limits on urban roads could reduce property damage costs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 217-231 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600810972 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600810972 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:3:p:217-231 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kemal Selçuk Öğüt Author-X-Name-First: Kemal Author-X-Name-Last: Selçuk Öğüt Title: Modeling Car Ownership in Turkey Using Fuzzy Regression Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This article develops a model which can be used to determine car ownership in Turkey. Because of the lack of disaggregated data, the model is based on aggregated data. As owning a car is mainly affected by economic, social and demographic factors, the car ownership model has a multi-variable form. In order to explain the effects of these factors on car ownership in Turkey, a fuzzy multiple-regression model is used. The major reason for applying fuzzy regression is to overcome the intercorrelation problem associated with the independent variables. In this study, the urbanization rate, average family size, gross national product per capita, average car cost, gasoline price and total length of roads are selected as independent variables. The results show that, by applying a multi-variable approach to possibilistic regression, the model provides not only a crisp output but also an output range for car ownership in Turkey between 1970 and 2000. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 233-248 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600811004 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600811004 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:3:p:233-248 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Caspar G. Chorus Author-X-Name-First: Caspar G. Author-X-Name-Last: Chorus Author-Name: Eric J. E. Molin Author-X-Name-First: Eric J. E. Author-X-Name-Last: Molin Author-Name: Bert Van Wee Author-X-Name-First: Bert Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee Author-Name: Theo A. Arentze Author-X-Name-First: Theo A. Author-X-Name-Last: Arentze Author-Name: Harry J. P. Timmermans Author-X-Name-First: Harry J. P. Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans Title: Responses to Transit Information among Car-drivers: Regret-based Models and Simulations Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This article investigates the use and effects of transit information among car drivers that consider transit as a mode-option in their choice set. It does so by first presenting a theoretical model of travel information use and effect, based on the integration of notions of Bayesian updating into a regret-based framework of travel choice. Subsequently, numerical simulation of the model provides insights into the mechanisms behind information use and effect in a mode-choice context where a traveler has both car-- as well as transit-options in their choice set, and prefers traveling by car over riding by transit. These simulations show that the perceived value of acquiring transit information is limited by a number of factors. Furthermore they demonstrate that, even in the case where transit information is acquired, and the message is favorable to transit, its impact on mode choices will also be limited. Given these results for non-habitual car-drivers, it is suggested that for car-drivers in general (thus including the large share of habitual drivers), conservative estimates regarding the impact of transit information provision on modal shift would be realistic. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 249-271 Issue: 4 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600905434 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600905434 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:4:p:249-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Patrick Vu Author-X-Name-First: Patrick Author-X-Name-Last: Vu Author-Name: Venky N. Shankar Author-X-Name-First: Venky N. Author-X-Name-Last: Shankar Author-Name: Gudmundur F. Ulfarsson Author-X-Name-First: Gudmundur F. Author-X-Name-Last: Ulfarsson Title: Is Access Management Good for Business? Business Perceptions of the Effects of Traffic Access Management on Accessibility and Patronage Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Access management is widely defined as the planning, design and implementation of land-use and transportation strategies that control the flow of traffic between roads and surrounding land. Previous studies focus mainly on the positive benefits of access management on safety and traffic flow. To ensure optimal transportation design, the design process must be based on a sound understanding of the issues perceived to be important by businesses, residences and other users. This study explores how businesses perceive the economic impacts of access management, along with safety and congestion impacts. About 280 businesses along six major commercial corridors in Western Washington State were surveyed. The analytical framework was developed using the simultaneous logit model, which allows the simultaneous modeling of perceptions of different performance metrics, through an endogenous relationship. The findings show that significant factors affecting business perceptions include business type and operational variables, corridor and street environment variables, as well as willingness-to-pay (WTP) measures. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 273-293 Issue: 4 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600905509 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600905509 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:4:p:273-293 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George Yannis Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Yannis Author-Name: John Golias Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Golias Author-Name: Constantinos Antoniou Author-X-Name-First: Constantinos Author-X-Name-Last: Antoniou Title: Effects of Urban Delivery Restrictions on Traffic Movements Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This article investigates the effects of the adoption of restrictions in vehicle movements associated with urban delivery operations on traffic. A wide range of data (including land use, delivery requirements per type of service, traffic mix, traffic flows and capacities) are used within suitable models to assess the traffic and environmental effects in Athens, Greece. The findings suggest that restricting delivery to specific types of businesses during rush hours can lead to positive traffic and environmental effects. The effectiveness of urban delivery restriction policies depends on the careful selection of the time periods and types of businesses for which they will apply. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 295-311 Issue: 4 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600905566 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600905566 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:4:p:295-311 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P.R. Fouracre Author-X-Name-First: P.R. Author-X-Name-Last: Fouracre Author-Name: M. Sohail Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Sohail Author-Name: S. Cavill Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Cavill Title: A Participatory Approach to Urban Transport Planning in Developing Countries Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Traditionally transport planning and policy-making has used quantitative surveys to predict future demand for public transport. However, this article argues that a more participatory approach is required in order to better understand household activity patterns and the effects and implications of travel on livelihoods. Such an understanding will enable transport planning and policy to support the needs of those on low income and achieve broader poverty alleviation objectives. This article draws on case studies undertaken in Harare (Zimbabwe), Accra (Ghana) and Colombo (Sri Lanka) as part of a broader study carried out for the UK Department for International Development (DfID) Knowledge and Research Programme. The article examines the effect of public transport on certain dimensions of poverty, considers the links between urban transport and other sectors (health, education and employment) and summarizes key methods of enquiry that might be adopted in effecting a more participatory approach to transport planning. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 313-330 Issue: 4 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600905665 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600905665 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:4:p:313-330 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nick Tyler Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Tyler Title: Capabilities and Radicalism: Engineering Accessibility in the 21st century Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Engineering bridges the gap between, on the one hand, that mix of philosophy and politics that we call policy and, on the other, the physical implementation of the means to put policy into practice. Starting with a brief outline of the nature of accessibility, why it is important and how in some cases a person might be disabled by a lack of accessibility, this article -- based on the author's Inaugural Lecture given at University College London in February 2005 -- turns to consider how a person's needs challenge their capabilities (i.e. what they can do) and considers a radical approach to understanding people's capabilities in the implementation process. Next, the formation of policy intentions in order to permit, encourage and implement the engineering of appropriate solutions is discussed and conclusions drawn about how this affects work in the transport domain. Perhaps we need to look at the world in a different way before we can make it a better place. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 331-358 Issue: 5 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600917629 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600917629 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:5:p:331-358 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jin-Woo Park Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Woo Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Rodger Robertson Author-X-Name-First: Rodger Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: Modelling the Impact of Airline Service Quality and Marketing Variables on Passengers’ Future Behavioural Intentions Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This article investigates how perceived price, airline service quality, perceived value, passenger satisfaction and airline image determine passengers’ future behavioural intentions. To test the conceptual framework, structural equation modelling using a maximum likelihood estimator was applied to data collected from Australian international air passengers. It was found that there were significant relationships between the variables except for three paths. The three insignificant paths were the relationship between ‘perceived price and passenger satisfaction’, ‘service quality and airline image’ and ‘perceived value and airline image’. Perceived price, perceived value, passenger satisfaction, and airline image were each found to have a direct effect on passengers’ future behavioural intentions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 359-381 Issue: 5 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600917686 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600917686 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:5:p:359-381 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ming-Miin Yu Author-X-Name-First: Ming-Miin Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Chih-Ku Fan Author-X-Name-First: Chih-Ku Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: Measuring the Cost Effectiveness of Multimode Bus Transit in the Presence of Accident Risks Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This study employs the directional graph distance function and the multiactivity data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach, which incorporates both desirable and undesirable outputs, in order to provide a more complete representation of the multimode bus production technology from which environmentally and risk-sensitive cost effectiveness measures can be generated. We treat accident cost as the risky output in the sense that we wish to increase desirable outputs and decrease risky output and inputs. The approach is applied to the problem of measuring the cost effectiveness of 24 bus companies in Taiwan. An empirical illustration suggests that the overall cost effectiveness rankings turn out to be very sensitive to whether or not the graph multiactivity DEA approach is adopted. This implies that the conventional DEA cost effectiveness measure may be seriously misleading if it ignores the cost effectiveness of organizations that carry out various activities whilst sharing common resources. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 383-407 Issue: 5 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600917728 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600917728 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:5:p:383-407 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Kumar Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: K. V. Krishna Rao Author-X-Name-First: K. V. Author-X-Name-Last: Krishna Rao Title: A Stated Preference Study for a Car Ownership Model in the Context of Developing Countries Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> A stated preference (SP) experiment of car ownership was conducted in Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) of Maharashtra in India. A full factorial experiment was designed to considering various attributes such as travel time, travel cost, projected household income, car loan payment and servicing cost. Data on 357 individuals were collected which resulted in 3213 observations for the calibration of the work trip and recreational trip car ownership models. The car ownership alternatives considered 0, 1 and 2 cars. A multinomial logit framework was used to develop the car ownership model taking the household as a decision unit. The specification and results of the SP car ownership model are discussed. The observed and predicted values matched reasonably when the validity of the SP car ownership model was tested against revealed preference (RP) data. The car ownership models developed in this study exhibit a satisfactory goodness of fit. It is concluded that the SP modelling approach can be successfully used for modelling car ownership decisions of households in developing countries. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 409-425 Issue: 5 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060600917793 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060600917793 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:5:p:409-425 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael J. Clay Author-X-Name-First: Michael J. Author-X-Name-Last: Clay Author-Name: Robert A. Johnston Author-X-Name-First: Robert A. Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston Title: Large Real Estate Developments, Spatial Uncertainty and Integrated Land Use and Transportation Modeling Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> In the past 10 years, integrated land use and transportation modeling has received considerable attention in the scholarly literature. This academic interest is slowly yielding practical applications. In the USA, many metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) and state departments of transportation are beginning to implement these types of model for the first time. While many improvements have been made to these models, and the value of these improvements should not be understated, much work still remains. One of the most challenging problems in land use modeling is how floorspace (buildings) is built and occupied. The purpose of this article is twofold: first, to draw attention to insufficiencies in the representation of floorspace developer behavior-particularly as it applies to large, urban-edge projects -- within current integrated land use and transportation models and, second, to determine the necessity of explicitly accounting for such projects within these models. The Sacramento MEPLAN model will be used together with historical development records to demonstrate and test these assertions. Single large developments are modeled with a common year of development, size, and location. Among the findings, large developments are fairly common in the Sacramento region and make up a considerable amount of floorspace development in absolute terms, large basic sector developments have more of an impact and are therefore more important to explicitly account for than are large non-basic sector developments. A single large basic sector development modeled in a 20-year forecast has a significant impact on zonal outputs. Recommendations are put forward regarding the use of this research in practical modeling exercises. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 427-444 Issue: 6 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060601075641 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060601075641 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:6:p:427-444 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shangyao Yan Author-X-Name-First: Shangyao Author-X-Name-Last: Yan Author-Name: Chih-Teng Lo Author-X-Name-First: Chih-Teng Author-X-Name-Last: Lo Author-Name: Yu-Lin Shih Author-X-Name-First: Yu-Lin Author-X-Name-Last: Shih Title: Cargo Container Loading Plan Model and Solution Method for International Air Express Carriers Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> In this article, a cargo container loading plan model is developed based on the operations of FedEx, the international air express carrier. The objective is to minimize total container handling cost, subject to related operating constraints. The model is expected to be a useful planning tool whereby international air express carriers such as FedEx can decide on container loading plans that will lead to lower operating costs, thus enhancing profits and market competitiveness. The model is formulated as a non-linear mixed integer program that is characterized as NP-hard. A solution method is then developed, with the use of the mathematical programming solver, CPLEX, to solve the problem efficiently. To evaluate the model and the solution method, we perform a case study using data from FedEx. The preliminary results indicate that the model and the solution method are both efficient and effective. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 445-470 Issue: 6 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060601075674 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060601075674 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:6:p:445-470 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erhan Kozan Author-X-Name-First: Erhan Author-X-Name-Last: Kozan Title: Optimum Capacity for Intermodal Container Terminals Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Achievement of a desirable level of customer service at intermodal terminals mainly depends on the efficient loading and unloading of trains without delays. The efficiency of the transfer between the modes in the terminal area can have a significant effect on these delays. In this article, an analytically based simulation model is developed to investigate delays of trains for different service configurations. Simulation outputs are used to find an optimum balance of the cost of train delays and variation from the desired level of service. Data from the Acacia Ridge Terminal in Brisbane, Australia are used to validate and test the model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 471-482 Issue: 6 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060601075716 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060601075716 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:6:p:471-482 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Angel Ibeas Author-X-Name-First: Angel Author-X-Name-Last: Ibeas Author-Name: José Luis Moura Author-X-Name-First: José Author-X-Name-Last: Luis Moura Author-Name: Luigi Dell'Olio Author-X-Name-First: Luigi Author-X-Name-Last: Dell'Olio Author-Name: Juan de Dios Ortúzar Author-X-Name-First: Juan Author-X-Name-Last: de Dios Ortúzar Title: Costing School Transport in Spain Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> School transport in Spain is conceived administratively as a regular, but special, public transport service financed by the Spanish regional governments through private sector contracts adjudicated by public tendering. As such it has two special features in comparison to systems elsewhere. First, larger operators use conventional buses (rather than special school buses) and these can also be used for regular services during school hours. Second, as these are regional services, often only regional operators bid for these tenders, so contract assignment resembles a bargaining process between operators and administrations, tempering an adequate operation of the market. This problem is common to all Spanish regions. The situation described has generated high costs (i.e. 15% increase in contract costs in the past year although the number of contracts did not vary significantly). For this reason the Government of Cantabria commissioned research to examine the problem. A simple cost allocation model allowed us to detect that school transport costs were, on average, approximately 18% higher than what could be deemed reasonable. This article describes the problem, the reasons why it has occurred and explains the model built to examine it in certain detail. It also shows the immediate consequences of its application (i.e. the reaction of the main operators and their changed strategy) and the steps taken by the Regional Government, based on our results, to ensure a proper operation of the market in the future. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 483-501 Issue: 6 Volume: 29 Year: 2006 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060601075757 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060601075757 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:29:y:2006:i:6:p:483-501 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hugo Priemus Author-X-Name-First: Hugo Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus Author-Name: Bert Van Wee Author-X-Name-First: Bert Van Author-X-Name-Last: Wee Title: Public Planning of Large Rail Projects: Nightmare or Success Story? Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-7 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701207896 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701207896 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:1:p:1-7 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bent Flyvbjerg Author-X-Name-First: Bent Author-X-Name-Last: Flyvbjerg Title: Cost Overruns and Demand Shortfalls in Urban Rail and Other Infrastructure Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Risk, including economic risk, is increasingly a concern for public policy and management. The possibility of dealing effectively with risk is hampered, however, by lack of a sound empirical basis for risk assessment and management. This article demonstrates the general point for cost and demand risks in urban rail projects. The article presents empirical evidence that allow valid economic risk assessment and management of urban rail projects, including benchmarking of individual or groups of projects. Benchmarking of the Copenhagen Metro is presented as a case in point. The approach developed is proposed as a model for other types of policies and projects in order to improve economic and financial risk assessment and management in policy and planning. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 9-30 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701207938 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701207938 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:1:p:9-30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bert Van Wee Author-X-Name-First: Bert Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee Title: Rail Infrastructure: Challenges for Cost--Benefit Analysis and Other ex ante Evaluations Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Cost--benefit analysis (CBA) plays a major role in the ex ante evaluation of rail projects in many western countries. At first sight carrying out a CBA for rail projects seems straightforward, since cost estimates are almost always available, and the most dominant benefits are generally known, being the travel time saved and the increase in consumer surplus due to induced demand. However, the practice is much more complex: the quality of current estimates for costs and benefits is often poor and several benefits-related aspects are ignored. This article gives an overview of the challenges in improving the quality of CBAs for rail projects. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 31-48 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701207995 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701207995 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:1:p:31-48 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hans De Bruijn Author-X-Name-First: Hans Author-X-Name-Last: De Bruijn Author-Name: Martijn Leijten Author-X-Name-First: Martijn Author-X-Name-Last: Leijten Title: Megaprojects and Contested Information Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Good information is a key to good decision-making on large infrastructure projects. Decision-making is information-sensitive and empirical research shows that a lack of information may result in poor decision-making. The solution seems clear: more, better and timelier information. This recommendation is too simple because much information is ‘contested’. This article deals with three issues related to information and large infrastructure projects. First, the concept of contested knowledge is introduced. The stronger the different interests of the main actors, the stronger the incentives will be to make information more contested and devalue it. Second, if the contested character of information is denied, what are the implications for decision-making? If information is contested and actors look for objective information, the role of information will be devalued rather than strengthened. Finally, what strategies can cope with the contested character of information? The result of these strategies is negotiated knowledge rather than objective knowledge. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 49-69 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701208050 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701208050 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:1:p:49-69 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hugo Priemus Author-X-Name-First: Hugo Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus Title: Decision-making on Large Infrastructure Projects: The Role of the Dutch Parliament Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> The preparation and implementation of large infrastructure projects present many practical problems. Recent literature has devoted much attention to budget overruns and overestimation of returns, partly in relation to the presence of misinformation. In the Netherlands, the Parliamentary Commission on Infrastructure Projects (TCI) conducted an inquiry into the manner in which two large projects, the Betuwe Railway Line and the HSL Zuid High-Speed Railway link, had been prepared. In its final report, many shortcomings in the decision-making procedures were identified, particularly when seen from the perspective of the Lower House of the Dutch Parliament. The Commission has put forward an assessment framework for large infrastructure projects, intended to allow the Lower House greater influence over the decision-making processes and more control over their implementation. In this contribution, we examine the Commission's findings and identify a number of lessons with a normative character: How can the preparation and implementation of large infrastructure projects be improved? Finally, the relevance of the TCI proposals for countries other than the Netherlands is briefly addressed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 71-93 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701208084 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701208084 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:1:p:71-93 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Moshe Givoni Author-X-Name-First: Moshe Author-X-Name-Last: Givoni Author-Name: David Banister Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Banister Title: Role of the Railways in the Future of Air Transport Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> The role of the railways in the air transport industry is usually limited to provision of access to airports. However, the development of high-speed rail networks and the congestion and environmental problems faced by the air transport industry suggest the railways could have a greater role in working with the airlines to provide an integrated transport service for medium-distance journeys (up to 800 km). Many air journeys involve two flights and a transfer at a hub airport. The alternative being investigated here would replace air journeys by a rail journey and a flight, and a transfer between them at the hub airport. Such integration could offer a positive alternative to aircraft on some routes and lead to railway journeys to airports becoming part of air transport services, and not only to provide access to them. Integration could therefore provide a better use of available air capacity rather than duplicating some high-speed rail routes and services. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 95-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701208100 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701208100 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:1:p:95-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiafu Tang Author-X-Name-First: Jiafu Author-X-Name-Last: Tang Author-Name: Kai-Leung Yung Author-X-Name-First: Kai-Leung Author-X-Name-Last: Yung Author-Name: Andrew W. H. Ip Author-X-Name-First: Andrew W. H. Author-X-Name-Last: Ip Author-Name: Shixin Liu Author-X-Name-First: Shixin Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Synchronized Production and Transportation Planning Using Subcontracted Vehicles in a Production-Distribution Network Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Effective management of interfaces between procurement, supply, production and distribution for higher efficiency in the supply chain is an important issue in global manufacturing, where the synchronization of production and transportation planning represents important savings in operational costs. This paper focuses on the synchronization of production planning and transportation planning in a production distribution network, where transportation is subcontracted to a professional transportation enterprise (PTE) for vehicle-hiring. Dynamic and flexible numbers of vehicles are used to cater for fast changing market demands. Thus, the number of vehicles to be hired is viewed from the planning point of view as an operational decision considered simultaneously with production and transportation planning. A mathematical model -- SPTP/MTDS -- for synchronized production and transportation planning under multiple times and direct shipping strategy (MTDS) is discussed, and a Lagrange relaxation decomposition-based two layer decision procedure (LRD-TLDP) is developed. By introducing artificial decision variables and Lagrange multipliers, SPTP/MTDS is decomposed into a production decision sub-problem (SPTP-PD), and a distribution decision sub-problem (SPTP-DD). A priority-based assignment heuristic and a partial chain-based genetic algorithm are developed to solve SPTP-PD and SPTP-DD, respectively. An illustration of the application of the model in an electronic appliance manufacturing enterprise in China is presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 113-146 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701390528 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701390528 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:2-3:p:113-146 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shwu-Ping Guo Author-X-Name-First: Shwu-Ping Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Title: Internalization of Transportation External Costs: Impact Analysis of Logistics Company Mode and Route Choices Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This study focuses on the mode and route choices of a logistics company in a situation involving intercity transportation with networks of surface roads, highways and a railway. A method of transportation network analysis is applied to construct a logistics company mode and route choice models with the objective of minimizing total distribution and external costs. This study also assumes that the fleet number and vehicle capacities are given. Freight distributed from a distribution center to given retailers or consumers via surface road/highway links or via intermodal transportation involving surface road/highway links and a railway. In terms of model construction, this study first explores the routing and sequence of the retailers and consumers served by each vehicle. Second, the study internalizes the external cost of air pollution into the total distribution cost, to analyze the influences of external cost burdens on a logistics company mode and route choices from a user charge perspective. Finally, the study designs a heuristic algorithm for solving the above models, and illuminates the modeling process using a numerical example. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 147-165 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701390569 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701390569 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:2-3:p:147-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ping Ji Author-X-Name-First: Ping Author-X-Name-Last: Ji Author-Name: Kejia Chen Author-X-Name-First: Kejia Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: The Vehicle Routing Problem: The Case of the Hong Kong Postal Service Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> With the growth in population and development of business activities in Hong Kong, the range and level of services provided by Hongkong Post have multiplied. However, the schedule of its postal vehicles, including mail collection and delivery, is still constructed manually on a daily basis, based on the experience of staff and transportation reviews. In this paper, the problem of scheduling a set of n collection points (District Post Offices) from a depot (General Post Office) in Hong Kong Island is addressed. The objectives pursued are the maximization of resource utilization and minimization of operation costs. In other words, the variable cost is expected to be reduced. To achieve these goals, an integer linear programming (IP) model of the vehicle routing problem (VRP) is developed in an effort to obtain optimal solutions. As the model involves computational complexity, a commercial software package CPLEX is used to solve the problems efficiently. The results show that the proposed model can produce optimal vehicle routes and schedules. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 167-182 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701390841 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701390841 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:2-3:p:167-182 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Holdsworth Author-X-Name-First: N. Author-X-Name-Last: Holdsworth Author-Name: M. P. Enoch Author-X-Name-First: M. P. Author-X-Name-Last: Enoch Author-Name: S. G. Ison Author-X-Name-First: S. G. Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Title: Examining the Political and Practical Reality of Bus-based Real Time Passenger Information Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Enhancing the bus experience through improved information provision is a key element of UK Government transport policy. Real time passenger information (RTPI) is perceived to reassure waiting passengers, to benefit the bus operator through increased revenue and the local authority, by promoting social inclusion and achieving a modal shift. RTPI also provides an important tool for operators by allowing them to monitor services and refine their schedules. The aim of this paper is to understand the reasons for implementing RTPI in the bus sector, and to determine the key issues impacting on the likely success of such a policy. A case study approach investigates the experiences of two provincial towns in the UK. The paper suggests that, whilst it is unclear whether RTPI has resulted in an increase in bus patronage, it is considered to be most effective when combined as part of a package of measures. It is intended that the findings from the two case studies will reveal lessons of relevance to authorities contemplating the introduction of RTPI. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 183-204 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701390874 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701390874 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:2-3:p:183-204 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anders Wretstrand Author-X-Name-First: Anders Author-X-Name-Last: Wretstrand Title: Comfort and Safety as Perceived by Wheelchair-Seated Bus Passengers Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Wheelchair-seated passengers on European and Swedish urban transit buses can travel rearwards, resting against a bulkhead, without the use of tie-down equipment. However, users sometimes disapprove of being the only passengers who have to travel rearwards, and also unrestrained. In order to investigate comfort and safety as perceived by wheelchair-seated bus passengers riding either forwards or rearwards, an experimental field study was carried out. Participating subjects were 31 wheelchair users and a group of 44 ambulant passengers. Each subject made two consecutive, identical 15-minute trips, randomly beginning either forwards or backwards, and interviews were conducted after each trip. During the trips, three-axis bus motion was recorded. The concept of categorization was used as a theoretical background and basis for discussion of the comfort and safety constructs. The results indicated that while the majority preferred the forward-facing position regarding comfort issues, a minority felt that the level of perceived safety was better. Wheelchair-seated passengers were more positive towards the rearward position than the ambulant group. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 205-224 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701390890 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701390890 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:2-3:p:205-224 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chang Yi Author-X-Name-First: Chang Author-X-Name-Last: Yi Author-Name: Benjamin K. Rasmussen Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin K. Author-X-Name-Last: Rasmussen Author-Name: Daniel A. Rodriguez Author-X-Name-First: Daniel A. Author-X-Name-Last: Rodriguez Title: Understanding the Relationship Between Physical and Virtual Representations of Transit Agencies Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This study examines whether physical attributes of transit agencies, such as agency size, make a difference in how transit websites are designed, and how transit information is distributed. The objective of this study is to see if there is a relationship between physical and virtual representations of transit agencies. A rating instrument is developed for evaluating the quality of transit websites. Our findings suggest that transit agency size plays a key role in determining website quality: When the size of transit system is large, the information about the agency is too complex to be effectively presented on web pages. Thus, the quality of the large agencies’ websites is lower than medium-sized agencies. Instead, we find that large agencies attempt to design more user-friendly sites, and provide advanced information searching tools to compensate for low information quality. Policy implications for transit agencies are discussed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 225-247 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701395485 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701395485 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:2-3:p:225-247 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luis Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: Luis Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira Author-Name: Phil Charles Author-X-Name-First: Phil Author-X-Name-Last: Charles Author-Name: Clara Tether Author-X-Name-First: Clara Author-X-Name-Last: Tether Title: Evaluating Flexible Transport Solutions Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Flexible transport services (FTS) have been of increasing interest in developing countries as a bridge between the use of personal car travel and fixed route transit services. This paper reports on findings from a recent study in Queensland Australia, which identified lessons from an international review and implications for Australia. Potential strategic directions, including a vision, mission, key result areas, strategies, and identified means of measuring performance are described. Evaluation criteria for assessing flexible transport proposals were developed, and approaches to identifying and assessing needs and demands outlined. The use of emerging technologies is also a key element of successful flexible transport services. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 249-269 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701395501 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701395501 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:2-3:p:249-269 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Satu Innamaa Author-X-Name-First: Satu Author-X-Name-Last: Innamaa Title: Online Prediction of Travel Time: Experience From a Pilot Trial Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This study was designed to present an online model which predicted travel times on an interurban two-lane two-way highway section on the basis of field measurements. The study included two parts: an evaluation of the performance of the model, and an examination of the possibility to improve the model in case of unsatisfactory performance. The model was based on MLP neural networks. The main results of the evaluation showed that the prediction model outperformed a non-predictive system. However, the model for one section had not performed as well during the trial period as was expected. This might be due to a slight change in the congestion phenomenon. After further development, the findings showed that the model could be improved considerably with new data. The main implication was that even a simple prediction model improves the quality of travel time information substantially, compared to estimates based directly on the latest measurements. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 271-287 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701395535 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701395535 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:2-3:p:271-287 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cathy MacHaris Author-X-Name-First: Cathy Author-X-Name-Last: MacHaris Author-Name: Joeri Van Mierlo Author-X-Name-First: Joeri Author-X-Name-Last: Van Mierlo Author-Name: Peter Van Den Bossche Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Van Den Bossche Title: Combining Intermodal Transport With Electric Vehicles: Towards More Sustainable Solutions Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper analyses the feasibility of incorporating electric or hybrid vehicles in intermodal transport for the transportation of containers in the pre- and post haulage (PPH) operation. In Europe, the intermodal transport market is being strongly supported, as it is seen as one of the keystones of a sustainable mobility system policy. The introduction of environmentally friendly electric/hybrid vehicles for the pre- and post haulage operation would mean a further enhancement leading to a more complete ecological intermodal transport chain. PPH operations are usually no longer than 30 km, and, hence, could possibly be handled by electric or hybrid vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) combine electric and other drive systems, such as internal combustion engines, gas turbines and fuel cells. Hybrid electric vehicles merge the zero pollution and high efficiency benefits of electric traction with the high fuel energy density benefits of an energy source or thermal engine. The use of electrically driven vehicles for goods distribution has already been successfully proven in international demonstration projects, such as ELCIDIS. Transport of intermodal units (such as ISO containers), however, requires electric/hybrid heavy-duty goods vehicles, which are not readily available on the market, but for which the technology exists. Different possibilities are assessed as to their technical, financial, organizational and environmental feasibility and suitability. This analysis is based on a typical mission for pre-and post haulage operations, such as type of trips, distance, frequency, urban/suburban, etc. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 311-323 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701395618 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701395618 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:2-3:p:311-323 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frank Witlox Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox Author-Name: Wout Dullaert Author-X-Name-First: Wout Author-X-Name-Last: Dullaert Author-Name: Bart Jourquin Author-X-Name-First: Bart Author-X-Name-Last: Jourquin Title: Fostering Transport and Logistics Research in the Benelux Countries Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Promoting high quality research and education in the field of transport, within its region, is the main goal of the Benelux Interuniversity Association of Transport Economists -- BIVEC-GIBET for short. Founded in 1978, the Association has evolved from a small group of transport economists into a solid and broad-based network of a diversity of transport experts. It presently unites both academic staff and professional people qualified in fields such as transport economics, logistics, regional economics, transport geography and transport law. After a first successful period of 25 years of experience, the BIVEC-GIBET organization is restructuring its activities in order to offer a better fit between academics and leading transport organizations. A first major event took place on November 30, 2005 at Hasselt University with the organization of the first BIVEC-GIBET Transport Research Day. A selection of contributions included in this special issue reflects the diversity and multidisciplinary character of on-going research. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 325-329 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701461659 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701461659 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:4:p:325-329 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Veronique Van Acker Author-X-Name-First: Veronique Author-X-Name-Last: Van Acker Author-Name: Frank Witlox Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox Author-Name: Bert Van Wee Author-X-Name-First: Bert Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee Title: The Effects of the Land Use System on Travel Behavior: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Notwithstanding the extensive research that exists on the strength of the relationship between land use and travel behavior, a consensus has not yet been reached. One possible explanation may be the existence of a wide range of influencing variables. Previous research assumed that the explanatory variables were not influencing each other, thus ignoring the indirect effects on travel behavior. Clearly, handling a wide range of explanatory variables and multiple directions of influence requires more sophisticated research techniques. Structural equation modeling (SEM) seems to be useful here. Although SEM is a research technique dating from the 1970s, applications involving travel behavior from the perspective of land use remain scarce. Furthermore, evidence is mainly based on US data. Therefore, this paper adds some new evidence from a European perspective to the research debate. Our preliminary analysis indicates that socio-economic characteristics influence travel behavior to a greater extent than land use. Furthermore, indirect effects remain important to understand the complexity of travel behavior. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 331-353 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701461675 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701461675 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:4:p:331-353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eef Delhaye Author-X-Name-First: Eef Author-X-Name-Last: Delhaye Title: The Enforcement of Speeding: Should Fines be Higher for Repeated Offences? Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> When the fine structures for speeding offences are observed, it is often found that fines depend on speeders’ offence history. In this paper we devise two fine structures: a uniform fine, and a fine which depends on offence history. If drivers differ in their expected accident costs, the literature prescribes that the fine for bad drivers should be higher than for good drivers. However, governments do not know the type of driver. We develop a model where the number of previous convictions gives information on the type of driver. We find that the optimal fine structure depends on the probability of detection, and on the strength of the relationship between the type of driver and having a record. We illustrate this by means of a numerical example and show that, for reasonable values for the probability of detection, a uniform fine is preferred. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 355-375 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701461758 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701461758 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:4:p:355-375 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steve Engelen Author-X-Name-First: Steve Author-X-Name-Last: Engelen Author-Name: Wout Dullaert Author-X-Name-First: Wout Author-X-Name-Last: Dullaert Author-Name: Bert Vernimmen Author-X-Name-First: Bert Author-X-Name-Last: Vernimmen Title: Multi-Agent Adaptive Systems in Dry Bulk Shipping Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Investment decisions in dry bulk shipping form one of the most difficult managerial tasks due to the high degree of uncertainty and the cyclical nature of the market. Adequate information on ship prices is, therefore, crucial when justifying such decisions. This paper is the first to embed trading rules in an evolutionary agent-based system to dynamically incorporate different traders’ beliefs on future ship prices. The model is applied to two types of traders, two trading rules and three vessel types for the newbuild and second-hand market in the period 1990--2005. The results indicate that strategy selection is important to understand market pricing. Traders are also shown to benefit from adjusting their strategies over time and over vessel types. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 377-389 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701461774 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701461774 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:4:p:377-389 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bert Vernimmen Author-X-Name-First: Bert Author-X-Name-Last: Vernimmen Author-Name: Wout Dullaert Author-X-Name-First: Wout Author-X-Name-Last: Dullaert Author-Name: Erik Geens Author-X-Name-First: Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Geens Author-Name: Theo Notteboom Author-X-Name-First: Theo Author-X-Name-Last: Notteboom Author-Name: Bob T'Jollyn Author-X-Name-First: Bob Author-X-Name-Last: T'Jollyn Author-Name: Walter Van Gilsen Author-X-Name-First: Walter Author-X-Name-Last: Van Gilsen Author-Name: Willy Winkelmans Author-X-Name-First: Willy Author-X-Name-Last: Winkelmans Title: Underground Logistics Systems: A Way to Cope with Growing Internal Container Traffic in the Port of Antwerp? Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> During the last decade, container traffic was the driving force behind the growth in cargo handling in the port of Antwerp, Belgium. Between 1995 and 2005 container traffic almost tripled, enabling Antwerp to increase its market share in the Hamburg-Le Havre range. Moreover, various recent studies indicate that container traffic will continue to grow strongly in the years to come. In order to be able to respond to these growth perspectives and to safeguard the future position of the port of Antwerp as a container mainport, a new tidal container dock has been built on the left bank of the river Scheldt, the so-called Deurganckdock. This dock will lead to large flows of internal port container traffic between both river banks. As the traditional hinterland transport modes offer insufficient capacity to accommodate the increasing number of containers in the long-term, it seems worthwhile to consider the idea of constructing a dedicated underground logistics system (ULS) to transfer containers between both river banks. This paper presents a first analysis of different variants of such a ULS. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 391-416 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701461832 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701461832 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:4:p:391-416 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joan C. Rijsenbrij Author-X-Name-First: Joan C. Author-X-Name-Last: Rijsenbrij Author-Name: Jaap A. Ottjes Author-X-Name-First: Jaap A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ottjes Title: New Developments in Airport Baggage Handling Systems Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> In this paper, new concepts for baggage transport to and from narrow-body aircraft are presented. Current baggage transport is labor intensive and bears the risk of damaging or losing bags. Moreover, it is time-critical because of tight flight schedules. An alternative transport and scheduling method, as well as the application of a prototype of a partly automated baggage loading and unloading vehicle (baggage truck) have been investigated using simulation, and this is reported in the first part of the paper. It appears that considerable savings are possible when using both the scheduling method and the new baggage vehicle. An increased security level is also to be expected. The prototype baggage truck has been further developed into a swap-body concept; this is presented in the second part of the paper. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 417-430 Issue: 4 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701461899 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701461899 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:4:p:417-430 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sangho Choo Author-X-Name-First: Sangho Author-X-Name-Last: Choo Author-Name: Taihyeong Lee Author-X-Name-First: Taihyeong Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Patricia L. Mokhtarian Author-X-Name-First: Patricia L. Author-X-Name-Last: Mokhtarian Title: Relationships Between US Consumer Expenditures on Communications and Transportation Using Almost Ideal Demand System Modeling: 1984--2002 Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This study analyzes aggregate consumer expenditure data from the US between 1984 and 2002, to determine relationships between expenditures on transportation and communications. We first identified 15 categories of goods -- nine for transportation, five for communications, and one for all others -- and obtained prices for each category across time. Then, we applied the linear approximate almost ideal demand system (AIDS) method for estimating consumer demand functions, aggregating the categories to six (non-personal vehicle (PV), PV capital, PV operation, electronic communications media, print communications media, and all others) due to the small sample size. The results indicate that transportation and communications categories have both substitution and complementarity relationships. The existence of effects in both directions (substitution and complementarity) is testimony to the complexity of the relationships involved, with both generation and replacement possible and happening simultaneously. In addition, expenditures in the transportation categories are generally more income-elastic and price-elastic than those in communications, indicating that communications expenditures are more essential than those for travel. The transportation categories have both substitution and complementarity relationships with each other, while the two communications categories have a substitution relationship. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 431-453 Issue: 5 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701599920 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701599920 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:5:p:431-453 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel A. Badoe Author-X-Name-First: Daniel A. Author-X-Name-Last: Badoe Title: Forecasting Travel Demand with Alternatively Structured Models of Trip Frequency Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper develops alternatively structured trip frequency/generation models, and investigates their forecast performance. The first model presented is the simple linear model with a discussion of its theoretical shortcomings. Models that address, in a progressive fashion, the underlying shortcomings of the linear model are then presented. These models are namely the truncated normal model, the Poisson model, the negative binomial model, and an ordered logit model. The modeling unit employed in the study is the individual. The models are assessed by how closely they are able to replicate trips produced by each individual in the dataset, and by each traffic zone. This assessment of performance in prediction is conducted on an estimation dataset collected in the Toronto Region in 1986, and on an independent dataset collected in the same geographic region, 10 years later, in 1996. The results show that, notwithstanding the simplicity of the simple linear model and its lack of an explicit underlying travel behavioral theory, it predicts travel in the base and forecast years with less error compared to any of the more complex models. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 455-475 Issue: 5 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701599938 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701599938 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:5:p:455-475 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven I.-J. Y. Chien Author-X-Name-First: Steven I.-J. Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Chien Author-Name: Chuck F. M. Tsai Author-X-Name-First: Chuck F. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Tsai Title: Optimization of Fare Structure and Service Frequency for Maximum Profitability of Transit Systems Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Providing efficient public transportation has been recognized as a potential way of alleviating congestion, improving mobility, mitigating air pollution, and reducing energy consumption. Many people use public transportation systems for their daily commute, while others use different transportation modes (e.g. cars, taxis, carpools, etc.). Inexpensive fares with good transit service encourages ridership, and the resulting revenue may be used to provide better service. Optimization of transit service frequency and its associated fare structure is desirable in order to increase revenue at reasonable transit operating expenditure. The objective of the study reported here is to maximize profit subject to service capacity constraint, while elastic demand is considered. The solution methodology is developed and applied to solve the profit maximization problem in a case study based on Newark, NJ, USA. Numerical results, including optimal solutions and sensitivity analyses, are presented. It is found that an optimal temporal headway and differential fare structure that maximizes total profit for the studied subway system can be efficiently solved. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 477-500 Issue: 5 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701599961 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701599961 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:5:p:477-500 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Janic Author-X-Name-First: Milan Author-X-Name-Last: Janic Title: A Heuristic Algorithm for the Allocation of Airport Runway System Capacity Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper develops a heuristic algorithm for the allocation of airport runway capacity to minimise the cost of arrival and departure aircraft/flight delays. The algorithm is developed as a potential alternative to optimisation models based on linear and integer programming. The algorithm is based on heuristic (‘greedy’) criteria that closely reflect the ‘rules of thumb’ used by air traffic controllers. Using inputs such as arrival and departure demand, airport runway system capacity envelopes and cost of aircraft/flight delays, the main output minimises the cost of arrival and departure delays as well as the corresponding interdependent airport runway system arrival and departure capacity allocation. The algorithm is applied to traffic scenarios at three busy US airports. The results are used to validate the performance of the proposed heuristic algorithm against results from selected benchmarking optimisation models. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 501-520 Issue: 5 Volume: 30 Year: 2006 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701599995 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701599995 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2006:i:5:p:501-520 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. R. Jones Author-X-Name-First: D. R. Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Author-Name: D. E. Pitfield Author-X-Name-First: D. E. Author-X-Name-Last: Pitfield Title: The Effectiveness of Conceptual Airport Terminal Designs Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Aviation passenger traffic is forecast to grow significantly over the next decade and beyond. To accommodate this growth will require investment in airport infrastructure, including terminals. These buildings represent large, lumpy investments, so it is important to provide the capacity to accommodate the forecast traffic. However, this depends on at least two factors: the accuracy of the forecast of future demand, and the process of translating these forecasts into designs. Error in either factor can be potentially catastrophic financially. Translating forecasts into designs depends on ‘rules of thumb’ formulae that convert design hour flows into area requirements for each terminal facility. This paper examines the process of translating demand forecasts into conceptual terminal designs. The basic methods used are outlined, and how they affect the conceptual terminal design process are revealed. A model for conceptual terminal design is derived, presented and validated based on a sample of UK airports. It is shown that even if demand forecasts can be taken to be completely accurate, there can still be errors in terminal design and size resulting from the use of these ‘rules of thumb’. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 521-543 Issue: 5 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701600009 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701600009 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:5:p:521-543 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rong-Chang Jou Author-X-Name-First: Rong-Chang Author-X-Name-Last: Jou Author-Name: David A. Hensher Author-X-Name-First: David A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher Author-Name: Ke-Hong Chen Author-X-Name-First: Ke-Hong Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: Route Choice Behaviour of Freeway Travellers Under Real-time Traffic Information Provision -- Application of the Best Route and the Habitual Route Choice Mechanisms Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper investigates route choice behaviour on freeways between Taipei and Taichung in Taiwan under the provision of real-time traffic information. Two types of route choice selection rules (the best-route and habitual-route) are analysed using ordered probit models to identify the major influences on freeway travellers’ route choice behaviour. The level of service associated with each route is defined as a generalised cost saving (GCS) and specified non-linearly with a threshold inherent to travellers. The marginal (dis)utility thresholds in the ‘best’ and ‘habitual’ behaviour models are identified through a goodness-of-fit grid. The results confirm that the thresholds for changing the inertia behaviour of drivers should be larger than the ones for choosing the best routes. In addition, the drivers are more likely to choose either the best or the habitual routes once the GCS are greater than the identified threshold values. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 545-570 Issue: 6 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701698185 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701698185 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:6:p:545-570 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Khaled F. Abdelghany Author-X-Name-First: Khaled F. Author-X-Name-Last: Abdelghany Author-Name: Hani S. Mahmassani Author-X-Name-First: Hani S. Author-X-Name-Last: Mahmassani Author-Name: Ahmed F. Abdelghany Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed F. Author-X-Name-Last: Abdelghany Title: A Modeling Framework for Bus Rapid Transit Operations Evaluation and Service Planning Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> In this paper, we present a dynamic traffic assignment-simulation modeling framework (DYNASMART-P) to support the evaluation and planning of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) services in urban transportation networks. The model represents the different characteristics associated with BRT operations such as: exclusive right-of-way lanes, limited-stop service, signal prioritization at congested intersections, and enhanced bus stops to reduce passenger boarding times. A set of simulation experiments is conducted using the model to study the impact of introducing a hypothetical BRT service in the Knoxville area in the State of Tennessee. In these experiments, the different operational characteristics of BRT are evaluated in terms of potential impact on transit ridership and on the interacting auto traffic. The results illustrate the advantages of BRT for increasing transit ridership and improving overall system performance. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 571-591 Issue: 6 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701698219 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701698219 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:6:p:571-591 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daehyon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Daehyon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Seungjae Lee Author-X-Name-First: Seungjae Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Seongkil Cho Author-X-Name-First: Seongkil Author-X-Name-Last: Cho Title: Input Vector Normalization Methods in Support Vector Machines for Automatic Incident Detection Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> It is known that support vector machines (SVMs), based on statistical learning theory, are an efficient approach to solving the pattern recognition problem because of their remarkable performance in terms of prediction accuracy. When applying SVMs, the input vectors should be normalized. The prediction performance would differ according to the normalization method used. Thus, it is important to choose an efficient method for normalizing input vectors as this could improve the prediction performance of the SVMs. In this paper, various normalization methods for input vectors have been studied and the best normalization method proposed to achieve the best performance in automatic incident detection. The experimental results show that the performance of an automatic incident detection system using SVMs can be highly dependent on the method used in normalizing the input vectors, and that the proposed normalization method is the most efficient method for automatic incident detection. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 593-608 Issue: 6 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701698235 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701698235 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:6:p:593-608 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ming Zhong Author-X-Name-First: Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong Author-Name: Satish Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Satish Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Author-Name: Pawan Lingras Author-X-Name-First: Pawan Author-X-Name-Last: Lingras Title: Rationalizing Reliable Imputation Durations of Genetically Designed Time Delay Neural Network and Locally Weighted Regression Models Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Estimating missing values is known as data imputation. Previous research has shown that genetic algorithms (GAs) designed locally weighted regression (LWR) and time delay neural network (TDNN) models can generate more accurate hourly volume imputations for a period of 12 successive hours than traditional methods used by highway agencies. It would be interesting and important to further refine the models for imputing larger missing intervals. Therefore, a large number of genetically designed LWR and TDNN models are developed in this study and used to impute up to a week-long missing interval (168 hours) for sample traffic counts obtained from various groups of roads in Alberta, Canada. It is found that road type and functional class have considerable influences on reliable imputations. The reliable imputation durations range from 4--5 days for traffic counts with most unstable patterns to over 10 days for those with most stable patterns. The study results clearly show that calibrated GA-designed models can provide reliable imputations for missing data with ‘block patterns’, and demonstrate their further potentials in traffic data programs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 609-626 Issue: 6 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701698250 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701698250 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:6:p:609-626 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Banihan Gunay Author-X-Name-First: Banihan Author-X-Name-Last: Gunay Title: Detection Algorithms of Intentional Car Following on Smart Networks: A Primary Methodology Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper explores the possibility of detecting certain movements of vehicles that might provide useful information for crime investigations. It is known that existing car following models are interested in microscopic interactions between vehicles in randomly formed pairs. The present work, however, introduces the concept of macroscopic analysis of vehicle positions on a network and the idea of seeking if these movements exhibit any meaningful relationships. First of all detection algorithms are produced for two possible types of detection: (a) was a particular vehicle followed by any vehicle? and (b) did a particular vehicle follow any vehicle? These algorithms assume that every link in the network is equipped with some sort of vehicle identification or tracking device and the identities of all vehicles, such as their number plates, are fed into the program. Then a simulation program is developed to implement the first algorithm (Type (a)), as an example, to visualise the concept. Since the present paper is a preliminary and basic approach to the problem, a number of issues and details requiring further research, together with the directions which could be taken, are also identified and discussed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 627-642 Issue: 6 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701698268 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701698268 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:6:p:627-642 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Warren E. Walker Author-X-Name-First: Warren E. Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Author-Name: Vincent Marchau Author-X-Name-First: Vincent Author-X-Name-Last: Marchau Author-Name: Odette Van De Riet Author-X-Name-First: Odette Author-X-Name-Last: Van De Riet Title: Special Issue of Transportation Planning and Technology ‘Approaches to Developing the Airport of the Future’ Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-9 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701835662 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701835662 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:1:p:1-9 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roland A. A. Wijnen Author-X-Name-First: Roland A. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Wijnen Author-Name: Warren E. Walker Author-X-Name-First: Warren E. Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Author-Name: Jan H. Kwakkel Author-X-Name-First: Jan H. Author-X-Name-Last: Kwakkel Title: Decision Support for Airport Strategic Planning Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Master Planning is currently the dominant approach to airport strategic planning. However, history shows that this approach can often result in costly mistakes. Because there are many stakeholders with conflicting objectives, deep uncertainty about the future, and many potential strategies, planners often narrow their scope by using a single forecast for the future, leaving out alternative strategies, and excluding stakeholders, resulting in a Master Plan that quickly becomes obsolete and may be opposed by some stakeholders. What is needed is a flexible, integrated approach that enables collaboration among stakeholders. Such an approach can be facilitated using a Decision Support System (DSS) that provides a way for decisionmakers and stakeholders to evaluate alternatives quickly and easily with respect to their outcomes of interest. We present the conceptual design for a DSS called HARMOS, showing how it meets the high-level requirements for airport strategic planning while addressing the problems associated with Master Planning. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 11-34 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701835670 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701835670 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:1:p:11-34 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard De Neufville Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: De Neufville Title: Low-Cost Airports for Low-Cost Airlines: Flexible Design to Manage the Risks Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Airport planning is shifting from the traditional pattern -- driven by long-term point forecasts, high standards, and established clients -- to that of recognizing great forecast uncertainty, many standards and changeable clients. This is a consequence of economic deregulation of aviation and the rise of low-cost airlines. Low-cost airlines are becoming significant factors in airport planning. Their requirements differ from those of ‘legacy’ carriers. They drive the development of secondary airports and cheaper airport terminals. They catalyze ‘low-cost airports’ around the ‘legacy main airports’ built for the ‘legacy airlines’. This paper proposes a flexible design strategy to deal with the uncertainty of this dynamic. This differs significantly from traditional airport master planning. It builds flexibility into the design, to enable airports to adjust to changes in the type, needs and location of traffic. The case of Portugal illustrates the current risks, and indicates how flexible design could manage uncertainties and maximize expected value. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 35-68 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701835688 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701835688 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:1:p:35-68 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel A. Delaurentis Author-X-Name-First: Daniel A. Author-X-Name-Last: Delaurentis Author-Name: Donald N. Fry Author-X-Name-First: Donald N. Author-X-Name-Last: Fry Title: Understanding the Implications for Airports of Distributed Air Transportation Using a System-of-Systems Approach Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper merges two perspectives to better understand the future requirements for airports. From the methodological perspective, a system-of-systems (SoS) approach is employed to provide structure to the numerous, multi-level aspects crucial to understanding air transportation dynamics. From the operational perspective, distributed on-demand air service is introduced as a new service paradigm. This new service intends to improve doorstep--destination mobility for regional intercity trips. Its realization could dramatically shift the loading on the present day network of airports. To examine the potential impacts, network models are developed from the SoS foundation for the new on-demand service, a hub-and-spoke network topology, and a scheduled point-to-point service. An example is provided which illustrates the implications of these service models on airport fitness using Indiana airports as a case study. The ability of an airport to be part of many preferred trips, its network centrality, is found to drive fitness in distributed service models. The overarching objective of the approach is to provide decision support for airports that integrate all relevant dimensions -- economics, technology, operations, and policies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 69-92 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701835738 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701835738 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:1:p:69-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Loan Le Author-X-Name-First: Loan Author-X-Name-Last: Le Author-Name: George Donohue Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Donohue Author-Name: Karla Hoffman Author-X-Name-First: Karla Author-X-Name-Last: Hoffman Author-Name: Chun-Hung Chen Author-X-Name-First: Chun-Hung Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: Optimum Airport Capacity Utilization under Congestion Management: A Case Study of New York LaGuardia Airport Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> In the United States, most airports do not place any limitations on airline schedules. At a few major airports, the current scheduling restrictions (mostly administrative measures) have not been sufficiently strict to avoid consistent delays and have raised debates about both the efficiency and the fairness of the allocations. With a forecast of 1.1 billion yearly air travelers within the US by 2015, airport expansion and technology enhancement alone are not enough to cope with the competition-driven scheduling practices of the airline industry. The policy legacy needs to change to be consistent with airport capacities. Flights on US airlines arrived late more often in the first four months of 2007 than in any other year since the government began tracking delays, and flight cancellations increased 91% over 2006. With a forecast of 1.1 billion yearly air travelers within the US by 2015, airport expansion and technology enhancement alone are not enough to cope with the competition-driven scheduling practices of the airline industry. Our research studies how flight schedules might change if airlines were required to restrict their schedules to runway capacity. To obtain these schedules, we model a profit-seeking, single benevolent airline whose goal is to maintain current competitive prices and service as many current passengers as possible, while remaining profitable. Our case study demonstrates that at Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC) runway rates, the market can find profitable flight schedules that reduce substantially the average flight delay to less than 6 minutes while simultaneously satisfying virtually all of the current demand with average prices remaining unchanged. This is accomplished through significant upgauging to high-demand markets. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 93-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701835779 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701835779 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:1:p:93-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Janic Author-X-Name-First: Milan Author-X-Name-Last: Janic Title: The Future Development of Airports: A Multidimensional Examination Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> The development of airports as the main component of air transport system infrastructure is influenced by direct external developments (such as the globalisation and privatisation of the airline industry, deregulation of domestic and liberalisation of international markets, increased airline competition and volatile prices of the major airlines) and indirect external developments (such as socio-economic forces and political events influencing the growth of air transport demand). This paper examines the past, current and future development of airports through four dimensions: (i) operational, sizing, and design of the airside and landside infrastructure; (ii) economic; (iii) environmental; and (iv) social. The prospective future development of airports through these dimensions is synthesised using cases from the European and the US air transport systems. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 113-134 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701835803 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701835803 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:1:p:113-134 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dušan Teodorović Author-X-Name-First: Dušan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorović Author-Name: Mauro Dell’ Orco Author-X-Name-First: Mauro Author-X-Name-Last: Dell’ Orco Title: Mitigating Traffic Congestion: Solving the Ride-Matching Problem by Bee Colony Optimization Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Urban road networks in many countries are severely congested. Expanding traffic network capacities by building more roads is very costly as well as environmentally damaging. Researchers, planners, and transportation professionals have developed various Travel Demand Management (TDM) techniques, i.e. strategies that increase travel choices to travelers. Ride sharing is one of the widely used TDM techniques that assumes the participation of two or more persons that together share a vehicle when traveling from few origins to few destinations. In ride-matching systems, commuters wishing to participate in ride sharing are matched by where they live and work, and by their work schedule. There is no standard method in the open literature to determine the best ride-matching method. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop the methodology capable to solve the ride-matching problem. The proposed Bee Colony Optimization Metaheuristic is sufficiently general and could be applied to various combinatorial optimization problems. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 135-152 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060801948027 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060801948027 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:2:p:135-152 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hakim Hammadou Author-X-Name-First: Hakim Author-X-Name-Last: Hammadou Author-Name: Isabelle Thomas Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas Author-Name: Ann Verhetsel Author-X-Name-First: Ann Author-X-Name-Last: Verhetsel Author-Name: Frank Witlox Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox Title: How to Incorporate the Spatial Dimension in Destination Choice Models: The Case of Antwerp Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper presents and estimates destination choice models based on a large sample of intra-urban trips. Particular attention is paid to incorporating the effects of the spatial dimension. The data used relate to non-work trips in the agglomeration of Antwerp (Belgium). A geographical analysis is performed in order to represent the city and its suburbs by a limited set of zones of destinations and to characterize these zones in terms of land use. Different types of discrete choice model are compared in terms of utility function, global formulation and performance. The mixed nested logit formulation with random coefficients appears to be the most attractive. The results confirm the difficulty of grasping spatial realities by simple quantitative measurements but also illustrate the importance of ‘space’ when choosing a destination. The empirical results also show that land use and urban development policies clearly have their effect on urban mobility. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 153-181 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060801948126 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060801948126 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:2:p:153-181 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sujith Racha Author-X-Name-First: Sujith Author-X-Name-Last: Racha Author-Name: Mashrur Chowdhury Author-X-Name-First: Mashrur Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury Author-Name: Wayne Sarasua Author-X-Name-First: Wayne Author-X-Name-Last: Sarasua Author-Name: Yongchang Ma Author-X-Name-First: Yongchang Author-X-Name-Last: Ma Title: Analysis of Work Zone Traffic Behavior for Planning Applications Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Understanding work zone traffic behavior is important for the planning and operation of work zones. The objective of this paper is to develop a mathematical model of work zone traffic flow elements by analyzing the relationships between speed, flow, and density that can be used to estimate the capacity of work zones. Traffic flow data were collected from 22 work zone sites on South Carolina interstate highways. The scatter plots of the collected data demonstrate that the relationship between speed and density does not follow Greenshields’ linear model. A non-linear hyperbolic model was developed to describe the relationship between speed and density. Using this model the capacity of a work zone was estimated to be 1550 passenger cars per hour for 2-lane to 1-lane closures. Adjustments to this capacity value to consider other types of vehicle as well as the work zone intensity are provided. Highway agencies can use this estimated capacity along with anticipated traffic demand to schedule work zone operations to avoid long periods of over-saturation. The tapered approach to work zone lane closures used by South Carolina is similar to methods used in work zones throughout the world. The authors believe that the methodology described in this paper for modeling work zone traffic as well as estimating work zone capacity is transferable to other countries. The conversion of actual volumes to passenger car equivalents may have to be modified due to the significant differences in traffic makeup between the United States and other countries. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 183-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060801948175 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060801948175 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:2:p:183-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sander J. Heblij Author-X-Name-First: Sander J. Author-X-Name-Last: Heblij Author-Name: Roland A. A. Wijnen Author-X-Name-First: Roland A. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Wijnen Title: Development of a Runway Allocation Optimisation Model for Airport Strategic Planning Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper describes the development of a runway allocation optimisation model to be used for airport strategic planning. It optimises the allocation of flights to runways on an annual basis, with respect to delay, noise and safety. The multi-objective optimisation is subject to a number of constraints, related to operational procedures, runway capacity and weather conditions. To reach a final non-dominated solution for the multi-objective problem, an interactive optimisation method has been implemented. This has resulted in a very convenient and easy-to-use optimisation procedure. Although the model has to be extended to handle more complex operational situations, the results with respect to the reduction of aircraft noise annoyance and total third-party risk are promising. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 201-214 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060801948191 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060801948191 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:2:p:201-214 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: Monitoring Aircraft Turnaround Operations -- Framework Development, Application and Implications for Airline Operations Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> A real-time operation monitoring system -- Aircraft Turnaround Monitoring System -- is developed based on a system framework to monitor aircraft turnaround operations at an airport. Mobile computing devices (PDAs) and wireless network technology General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) are used to implement the real-time monitoring system for an airline. System implementation and test results indicate that real-time operation monitoring can potentially reduce delays occurring from airline operations. Proactive measures can be taken immediately by ground handling staff to reduce delays, once the risk of delays and potential delay propagation is identified. The availability of detailed operating data can help airlines identify the root delay causes from complex connections among aircraft, flight/cabin crew and passengers. In addition, these operating data also shed some light on the future development of aircraft routing algorithms in order to consider explicitly stochastic disruptions and delay propagation in airline schedule planning. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 215-228 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060801948233 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060801948233 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:2:p:215-228 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Catherine Morency Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Morency Title: Enhancing the Travel Survey Process and Data Using the CATI System Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper describes an intelligent interface developed to assist in the task of collecting detailed information regarding daily travel behaviours. The computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) system, developed by the MADITUC Research Group for the Montreal large-scale travel surveys, is structured in three main screens (household, person and trip) and assists the interaction between an interviewer and a respondent during a phone interview. This tool enhances the quality of the data collected by performing real-time validation of the spatio-temporal details related to travel behaviours. In addition to describing the design of the CATI tool, this paper proposes some empirical measurements associated with the CATI use by the interviewers owing to the processing of numerical logs saving every action taken by the user during an interview. Using these data, variables significantly influencing interview duration are identified. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 229-248 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060801948241 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060801948241 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:2:p:229-248 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark A. Stull Author-X-Name-First: Mark A. Author-X-Name-Last: Stull Title: Design Considerations for a 21st Century Ground Transportation System Based on Value-Capture Financing Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Numerous studies have demonstrated that transportation systems raise property values and stimulate economic growth, and it has been proposed that some of this value enhancement might be captured to finance their construction and/or operation. However, other studies suggests that recently constructed urban rail systems have had only marginal economic impact, implying that mass transit investments may not create significant value-capture potential. Census data suggests an explanation for this discrepancy, specifically, that transportation systems elevate property values and income levels in a given location by increasing the number of people who have access to that location. To generate more than a marginal economic effect, a transportation system should represent a quantum leap over the accessibility provided by the existing network. Accessibility, as well as ridership, depend upon capacity and load factor, which can be affected by fare structure, system design and choice of transportation technology. Capacity and load factor are increased by high-speed, high-acceleration systems based on small vehicles, short headways, central control, dynamic scheduling, and off-line stations. As a result, electromagnetic propulsion with a linear motor has, by far, the greatest value-capture potential of any ground transportation technology. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 249-275 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802086330 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802086330 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:3:p:249-275 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: An Caris Author-X-Name-First: An Author-X-Name-Last: Caris Author-Name: Cathy Macharis Author-X-Name-First: Cathy Author-X-Name-Last: Macharis Author-Name: Gerrit K. Janssens Author-X-Name-First: Gerrit K. Author-X-Name-Last: Janssens Title: Planning Problems in Intermodal Freight Transport: Accomplishments and Prospects Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Intermodal freight transport has received increased attention due to problems of road congestion, environmental concerns and traffic safety. A growing recognition of the strategic importance of speed and agility in the supply chain is forcing firms to reconsider traditional logistic services. As a consequence, research interest in intermodal freight transportation problems is growing. This paper provides an overview of planning decisions in intermodal freight transport and solution methods proposed in the scientific literature. Planning problems are classified according to the type of decision maker and decision level. General conclusions are given and subjects for further research are identified. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 277-302 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802086397 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802086397 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:3:p:277-302 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: José Ap. Sorratini Author-X-Name-First: José Author-X-Name-Last: Ap. Sorratini Author-Name: Ronghui Liu Author-X-Name-First: Ronghui Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Shalini Sinha Author-X-Name-First: Shalini Author-X-Name-Last: Sinha Title: Assessing Bus Transport Reliability Using Micro-Simulation Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> A wide range of public transport schemes have been proposed and put in practice to improve bus service reliability (including bus lanes, bus priority signals, passenger information systems, etc.). Central to the successful evaluation of such operational and management measures is to have reliability indicators which are easy to measure and can be used readily by operators to identify unreliable services and by regulatory authorities to set standards. This paper investigates measures to assess reliability, such as headway, excess waiting time, service regularity and recovery time of an urban network, using a dynamic micro-simulation model (DRACULA). In this paper, the model results from a test case study are presented. The significant factors affecting each measure are identified and the relative merits of the indicators are discussed with regard to their practical contribution to public transport reliability. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 303-324 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802086512 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802086512 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:3:p:303-324 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tri Basuki Joewono Author-X-Name-First: Tri Author-X-Name-Last: Basuki Joewono Author-Name: Hisashi Kubota Author-X-Name-First: Hisashi Author-X-Name-Last: Kubota Title: Paratransit Service in Indonesia: User Satisfaction and Future Choice Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper explores user satisfaction with making use of paratransit in Bandung, Indonesia. User perceptions of attributes are analyzed using factor analysis to find representing attribute types and factors of service quality. Ordinal probit analysis is employed to explore the characteristics of users regarding their perception of satisfaction with the paratransit service. Binary logistic analysis is undertaken to predict users’ choice probability in making use of paratransit in the future when there is a service improvement. The study reveals that what may be of importance in developed countries carries a different weight of importance for paratransit users. This fact can be explained by describing the characteristics of users that expressed their satisfaction, which also explains the target market for this mode. The analysis reveals the notion that financial motives seem to dominate when users select to use paratransit. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 325-345 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802087692 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802087692 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:3:p:325-345 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hannibal Bwire Author-X-Name-First: Hannibal Author-X-Name-Last: Bwire Title: A Unified Framework for Selecting a Travel Demand Forecasting Model for Developing Countries Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> The ability to judge and select a model that is appropriate for a particular application is considered to be one of the most important aspects in contemporary transport planning. However, there is no suitable procedure for the systematic selection of a model that is most appropriate for meeting the needs and requirements of a particular planning task. Although there is little literature on the criteria for model assessment and selection methodologies, none can support systematic evaluation of different models versus quality of obtainable data versus efforts for data provision. Such deficiencies support the need for further guidance on a model selection procedure for developing countries where efforts for data provision are highly susceptible to higher sampling and measurement errors. This study presents a unified framework for the systematic model selection process. Evaluation of the framework for a case study of Dar es Salaam city in Tanzania evidences its benefits and applicability. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 347-368 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802087809 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802087809 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:3:p:347-368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Youngho Kim Author-X-Name-First: Youngho Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Hartmut Keller Author-X-Name-First: Hartmut Author-X-Name-Last: Keller Title: Analysis of Characteristics of the Dynamic Flow-Density Relation and its Application to Traffic Flow Models Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Online traffic flow modeling is of increasing importance due to intelligent transport systems and technologies. The flow-density relation plays an important role in traffic flow modeling and provides a basic way to illustrate traffic flow behavior under different traffic flow and traffic density conditions. Until now the research effort has focused mainly on the shape of the relation. The time series of the relation has not been identified clearly, even though the time series of the relation reflects the upstream/downstream traffic conditions and should be considered in the traffic flow modeling. In this paper, the dynamic flow-density relation is identified based on the classification of traffic states and is quantified employing fuzzy logic. The quantified dynamic flow-density relation builds the basis for online application of a macroscopic traffic flow model. The new approach to online modeling of traffic flow applying the dynamic flow-density relation alleviates parameter calibration problems stemming from the static flow-density relation. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 369-397 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802334995 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802334995 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:4:p:369-397 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dušan Teodorović Author-X-Name-First: Dušan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorović Author-Name: Konstantinos Triantis Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos Author-X-Name-Last: Triantis Author-Name: Praveen Edara Author-X-Name-First: Praveen Author-X-Name-Last: Edara Author-Name: Yueqin Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Yueqin Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Snežana Mladenović Author-X-Name-First: Snežana Author-X-Name-Last: Mladenović Title: Auction-Based Congestion Pricing Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Planners, engineers and economists have introduced various demand management methods in an attempt to reduce the fast growing traffic congestion. The basic idea behind various demand management strategies is to force drivers to travel and use transportation facilities more during off-peak hours and less during peak hours, as well as to increase the usage of underutilized routes. In this paper, a new demand management concept -- Auction-based Congestion Pricing -- is proposed and modeled. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 399-416 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802335042 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802335042 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:4:p:399-416 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tianze Xu Author-X-Name-First: Tianze Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Author-Name: Heng Wei Author-X-Name-First: Heng Author-X-Name-Last: Wei Author-Name: Anastasios M. Ioannides Author-X-Name-First: Anastasios M. Author-X-Name-Last: Ioannides Title: Modeling Capacity Reliability of Minor Roads at At-Grade Un-Signalized Intersections for Potential Performance Evaluation Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Given stochastic features of the demands on both the major road and the minor road at an at-grade un-signalized intersection, the capacity of the minor road is viewed as the vulnerable and critical part impacting on the overall capacity of the intersection. To facilitate the analysis of intersection performance reliability, the capacity reliability of the minor road is defined as the probability that the capacity of the minor road can accommodate a certain traffic demand at a certain degree of saturation. The headway distribution of traffic stream on major road is reflected by three types of distributions, namely, exponential distribution, shifted exponential distribution, and Cowan's M3 distribution. Based on field observations, the volumes on both major roads and minor roads are treated as correlated normal random variables. This paper presents the methods for modeling capacity reliability of the minor road at an at-grade un-signalized priority intersection. A method based on first-order reliability method is used to model the capacity reliability index. As important associated factors of capacity reliability analysis, the methods for modeling and analyzing capacity sensitivity of the minor road and reserve capacity of the priority intersection are also presented. A procedure for evaluating the intersection potential performance using capacity reliability, sensitivity and reserve capacity is developed and demonstrated with a numerical example. Finally, some new findings from the case studies are summarized. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 417-433 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802335091 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802335091 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:4:p:417-433 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christa Sys Author-X-Name-First: Christa Author-X-Name-Last: Sys Author-Name: Gust Blauwens Author-X-Name-First: Gust Author-X-Name-Last: Blauwens Author-Name: Eddy Omey Author-X-Name-First: Eddy Author-X-Name-Last: Omey Author-Name: Eddy Van De Voorde Author-X-Name-First: Eddy Author-X-Name-Last: Van De Voorde Author-Name: Frank Witlox Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox Title: In Search of the Link between Ship Size and Operations Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Since 1990s the liner shipping industry has faced a period of restructuring and consolidation, and been confronted with a continuing increase in container vessel scale. The impact of these changes is noticeable in trade patterns, cargo handling methods and shipping routes, in short ‘operations’. After listing factors influencing size, growth in container ship size is explained by economies of scale in deploying larger vessels. In order to quantify economies of scale, this paper uses the liner service cash flow model. A novelty in the model is the inclusion of +6000-20-foot Equivalent Unit (TEU) vessels and the distinction in costs between single and twin propeller units on ships. The results illustrate that scale economies have been -- and will continue to be -- the driving force behind the deployment of larger container vessels. The paper then assesses the link between ship size and operations, given current discussions about the increase in container vessel scale. It is found that (a) ship size and operations are linked; (b) optimal ship size depends on transport segment (deep-sea vs. short-sea shipping, SSS), terminal type (transhipment terminals vs. other terminals), trade lane (East-West vs. North-South trades) and technology; and (c) a ship optimal for one trade can be suboptimal for another. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 435-463 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802335109 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802335109 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:4:p:435-463 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rickard Bergqvist Author-X-Name-First: Rickard Author-X-Name-Last: Bergqvist Author-Name: Jonas Tornberg Author-X-Name-First: Jonas Author-X-Name-Last: Tornberg Title: Evaluating Locations for Intermodal Transport Terminals Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> The choice of location for an intermodal transport terminal is an important component in a regional logistics system and a paramount decision for the investor as well as the community affected. The investor needs a realistic estimation of traffic potentials and incorporated cost-estimates of a location, since it serves as an important input to the investment decision process. Policy makers need instruments and tools to analyse the effect of intermodal terminals on the surrounding environment, which also enables a comparison between several possible locations in order to ensure sustainability and long-term competitiveness. The model in this paper allows a comparative evaluation of a set of possible intermodal terminal locations based on considerations by relevant actors. Furthermore, it presents a process of retrieving data and effectively communicating results. Considerations and interests of stakeholders are incorporated into the approach by means of evaluative criteria. The approach aims at facilitating the planning process of regional logistics systems in general and the evaluation process of intermodal terminal locations in particular by considering both public and private interests focusing on economic and environmental aspects. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 465-485 Issue: 4 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802335125 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802335125 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:4:p:465-485 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fedja T. Netjasov Author-X-Name-First: Fedja T. Author-X-Name-Last: Netjasov Title: A Model of Air Traffic Assignment as a Measure for Mitigating Noise at Airports: The Zurich Airport Case Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> One of the biggest problems facing modern airports is the noise generated by air traffic, and the impact of that noise on those living nearby. Noise is an unavoidable consequence of air traffic but it can be reduced in numerous ways, including technical innovations in aircraft design and legislation. This paper presents a model of air traffic assignment as a measure for mitigating noise from air traffic at airports. The model is developed specifically for Zurich Airport (one of the busiest airports in Europe) but could easily be applied to other airports experiencing similar problems. The model is based on the categorization of aircraft according to engine type and wake turbulence category and the assignment of specific runways for take-off and landing for each aircraft category. It incorporates two basic goals: to increase airport capacity and to reduce the noise level in the airport's surroundings. Although these goals are in apparent conflict, it is shown in the Zurich Airport case that the model allows for reductions in noise levels of, on average, 1 dB(A) with a traffic volume increase of 20%. The European Commission's (EC's) ‘long term noise levels’ model is also presented and tested on the same airport case. The results show that the air traffic assignment model produces systematically higher values for noise reduction than the EC model. However, some similarities of results are also apparent. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 487-508 Issue: 5 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802364448 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802364448 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:5:p:487-508 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laura Eboli Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Eboli Author-Name: Gabriella Mazzulla Author-X-Name-First: Gabriella Author-X-Name-Last: Mazzulla Title: A Stated Preference Experiment for Measuring Service Quality in Public Transport Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper develops a Stated Preference (SP) experiment that provides a way to measure service quality in public transport. The paper introduces an empirical procedure for optimising the SP experiment. This procedure permits the identification of the choice alternatives defining the experiment by simulating the choices of a user sample. By using the data collected from an experimental survey, a Multinomial Logit model was calibrated. This model is a way of identifying the importance of service quality attributes on global customer satisfaction and calculating a Service Quality Index, which provides an operationally appealing measure of current or potential service effectiveness. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 509-523 Issue: 5 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802364471 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802364471 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:5:p:509-523 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zhaobin Liu Author-X-Name-First: Zhaobin Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Satish Sharma Author-X-Name-First: Satish Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma Author-Name: Sandeep Datla Author-X-Name-First: Sandeep Author-X-Name-Last: Datla Title: Imputation of Missing Traffic Data during Holiday Periods Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Highway and transportation agencies implement large-scale traffic monitoring programs to fulfill the planning, operation and management needs of highway systems. These monitoring programs typically use inductive loops as detectors to collect traffic data. Because of the harsh environment in which they operate, they are highly prone to malfunctioning and providing erroneous or missing data. If this occurs during holiday periods when the increase in highway traffic is often substantial, there is a good chance that traffic peaking and variation will be underestimated. This paper discusses the adaptability of available imputation techniques for holiday traffic and then introduces a new procedure using non-parametric regression -- the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) method. It is found that the performance of the k-NN method is consistent and reasonable for different holidays and types of highway. In addition, it is also concluded that the data requirements for this method are flexible. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 525-544 Issue: 5 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802364505 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802364505 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:5:p:525-544 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: José Ángel González Author-X-Name-First: José Ángel Author-X-Name-Last: González Author-Name: Eva Ponce Author-X-Name-First: Eva Author-X-Name-Last: Ponce Author-Name: Carlos Mataix Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Author-X-Name-Last: Mataix Author-Name: Javier Carrasco Author-X-Name-First: Javier Author-X-Name-Last: Carrasco Title: The Automatic Generation of Transhipment Plans for a Train--Train Terminal: Application to the Spanish--French Border Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> The enormous potential of combined transport (rail-road) makes rail the main alternative to the transport of freight by road in the Europe. Unfortunately, the European railway network is strongly fragmented, having different bottleneck points. This paper presents research that centers on the transhipment tasks in the Port Bou terminal. This terminal is a bottleneck point because of the different track gauges of the Spanish and French railways. In order to optimize the use of gantry cranes and the means available for train--train transhipment, a linear programming model that allows for the automation of container transhipment plans is proposed. An Analytic Decision Support application is used to develop the model. As a result of this research it can be concluded that the problem can be solved through linear programming and the model proposed could be transferred both to other transhipment terminals and to cargo terminals in general. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 545-567 Issue: 5 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802364539 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802364539 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:5:p:545-567 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wen-Chen Lee Author-X-Name-First: Wen-Chen Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Bor-Wen Cheng Author-X-Name-First: Bor-Wen Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng Title: Incorporating e-Technology to Advantage in a Greener Taxi Industry and its Impact on Driving Performance and Safety Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> New technologies, especially advances in telecommunications, have had profound impacts on everyday life and brought even greater changes to some business models. Taxis represent one of the major modes of transportation in urban areas but they face a number of problems, including their environmental impacts. The status of the taxi industry in Taiwan is revealed and analyzed in this study. A new business model for the extensive and popular use of smart phones is proposed. However, it is important to know whether their use is both effective and safe. Two field experiments were executed to examine the effects on taxi drivers of using a navigation system installed in a GPS PDA phone. The results revealed that the efficiency of drivers using such a portable navigation system was better than those relying on paper maps in unfamiliar urban areas. Furthermore, performance in terms of safety was also better than those who used an on-board navigation system. In summary, incorporating e-technology can promote a taxi company's competitiveness and a driver's performance and safety as well as offer environmental benefits. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 569-588 Issue: 5 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802364554 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802364554 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:5:p:569-588 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sadayuki Yagi Author-X-Name-First: Sadayuki Author-X-Name-Last: Yagi Author-Name: Abolfazl Mohammadian Author-X-Name-First: Abolfazl Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammadian Title: Policy Simulation for New BRT and Area Pricing Alternatives Using an Opinion Survey in Jakarta Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> An area pricing scheme for Jakarta, Indonesia, is currently under review as a transportation control measure along with the operation of new bus rapid transit (BRT) system. While this scheme may be effective for congestion reduction in the central business district (CBD), provision of alternative means of transportation for auto users that are ‘pushed-out’ is of great importance to obtain public acceptance. Hence, it is necessary to simulate simultaneously the area pricing scheme and the BRT development which may serve as an alternative for assumed ‘pushed-out’ auto users. Utilizing data from an opinion survey, this paper studies how BRT and auto ridership are likely to vary as a function of traveler and system attributes. Additionally, the study attempts to evaluate the way this new travel mode is distinguished from other existing conventional transportation alternatives in Jakarta. The survey data contains socioeconomic information of over 1000 respondents as well as details of to-work/school trips to the CBD including mode, travel cost, time, etc. Respondents were asked about their willingness to shift from their current mode to BRT to make the same travel for different BRT fare levels. Modeling efforts suggest that a mixed logit model performs better in explaining choice behavior. Therefore, this model was used for policy simulation. The simulation results brought about many implications as to the tested policies. While the developed models may be applied only to future BRT corridors in which the survey was conducted, they capture the key variables that are significant in explaining mode choice behavior and present great potential for practical use in policy simulation and analysis in a large metropolitan area of the developing world. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 589-612 Issue: 5 Volume: 31 Year: 2007 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802087676 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802087676 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2007:i:5:p:589-612 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tung-Kuan Liu Author-X-Name-First: Tung-Kuan Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Chi-Ruey Jeng Author-X-Name-First: Chi-Ruey Author-X-Name-Last: Jeng Author-Name: Yu-Hern Chang Author-X-Name-First: Yu-Hern Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Title: Disruption Management of an Inequality-Based Multi-Fleet Airline Schedule by a Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper presents a novel application of a Method of Inequality-based Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm (MMGA) to generate an efficient time-effective multi-fleet aircraft routing algorithm in response to the schedule disruption of short-haul flights. It attempts to optimize objective functions involving ground turn-around times, flight connections, flight swaps, total flight delay time and a 30-minute maximum delay time of original schedules. The MMGA approach, which combines a traditional Genetic Algorithm (GA) with a multi-objective optimization method, can address multiple objectives at the same time, then explore the optimal solution. The airline schedule disruption management problem is traditionally solved by Operations Research (OR) techniques that always require a precise mathematical model. However, airline operations involve too many factors that must be considered dynamically, making a precise mathematical model difficult to define. Experimental results based on a real airline flight schedule demonstrate that the proposed method, Multi-objective Optimization Airline Disruption Management by GA, can recover the perturbation efficiently within a very short time. Our results further demonstrate that the application can yield high quality solutions quickly and, consequently, has potential to be employed as a real-time decision support tool for practical complex airline operations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 613-639 Issue: 6 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802492652 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802492652 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:6:p:613-639 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tom Rye Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Rye Author-Name: Martin Gaunt Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Gaunt Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Title: Edinburgh's Congestion Charging Plans: An Analysis of Reasons for Non-Implementation Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> The City of Edinburgh in Scotland in the UK had advanced plans for a congestion charging scheme until 25 February 2005. However, these plans were abandoned at that time after a referendum that resulted in a ‘no vote’. This paper explains the origins of the scheme, outlines its nature, extent, charging technology and predicted effect; it also analyses the difficulties that exist when attempting to plan and implement such a scheme in a particular governance context, and when there is little unanimity of public opinion about the need for a scheme. As well as the primary documentation from the proposals (e.g. public inquiry submissions, papers to government), the paper also draws upon a series of face-to-face interviews that were undertaken with key stakeholders. It also provides an analysis of press coverage in the local (Edinburgh) and national (Scottish) newspapers in the run-up to the referendum. These sources explain both the systemic and more local barriers to the scheme's implementation. The paper draws key lessons which are important for authorities considering the implementation of a road user charging scheme, by suggesting how legislative and governance barriers to implementation can be reduced. The lessons are of relevance world wide. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 641-661 Issue: 6 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802492686 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802492686 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:6:p:641-661 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jin-Ru Yen Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Ru Author-X-Name-Last: Yen Author-Name: Jing-Cing Chen Author-X-Name-First: Jing-Cing Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Dong-Hua Wang Author-X-Name-First: Dong-Hua Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: The Change in Structure of Taiwan's Domestic Air Market before and after Deregulation Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Abstract This paper investigates the influences of deregulation on Taiwan's domestic air market, which took place in 1987. The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, the number of effective competitors, and the concentration ratio of a defined market are used to measure the associated market structure. The market structures of three selected flight routes and the entire domestic air market of Taiwan are analysed using a time-series data set spanning 21 years. Research results indicate that the market structure indicators of all defined markets were volatile after deregulation and then became stable again, with the recent market competition being greater than it was before. This reveals that market competition increased due to deregulation -- in both the entire market and the markets of specific flight routes. While the domestic air market of Taiwan is unique -- with relatively short flight times and fewer numbers of airlines in the market as compared with markets that are investigated in the literature using the same indicators -- the results are promising in that those indices capture the variation of Taiwan's domestic air market due to the implementation of the deregulation policy. It implies that those measures are also suitable for markets with a relatively low degree of competition or which are relatively small scale. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 663-679 Issue: 6 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802492694 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802492694 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:6:p:663-679 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan Hoback Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Hoback Author-Name: Scott Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Scott Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Author-Name: Utpal Dutta Author-X-Name-First: Utpal Author-X-Name-Last: Dutta Title: True Walking Distance to Transit Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> People riding transit in the city of Detroit walk on average 0.8 miles (1.3 km) per round trip. The straight-line walking distance was found by buffering the bus stop locations and comparing them to the weighted US Census blocks. However, the true walking path follows the street pattern. Rather than undertaking network analysis, which would require connecting all addresses in the city with all bus stops, a Monte Carlo simulation was performed in geographic information system with random addresses. The simulation was performed over several addresses until convergence was achieved. The distances were converted to walking times and compared to the US National Household Transportation Survey. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 681-692 Issue: 6 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802492785 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802492785 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:6:p:681-692 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sönke Behrends Author-X-Name-First: Sönke Author-X-Name-Last: Behrends Author-Name: Maria Lindholm Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Lindholm Author-Name: Johan Woxenius Author-X-Name-First: Johan Author-X-Name-Last: Woxenius Title: The Impact of Urban Freight Transport: A Definition of Sustainability from an Actor's Perspective Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper presents a definition of sustainable urban freight transport (SUFT), based on the existing theories and concepts, and develops an indicator set that describes SUFT. The definition of SUFT makes a categorisation of actions possible which enables actors to select effective strategies towards SUFT. The indicator set consists of two levels: impact indicators -- which describe how the urban freight transport violates the principles of sustainability; and performance indicators -- which describe different categories determining the characteristics and performance of the urban transport system. A literature study analyses the characteristics determining the performance of actors in the urban freight transport chain. Knowing the current state and improvement potential of the urban freight transport system are prerequisites for defining successful strategies and implementing effective actions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 693-713 Issue: 6 Volume: 31 Year: 2008 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060802493247 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060802493247 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:31:y:2008:i:6:p:693-713 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Louis de Grange Author-X-Name-First: Louis de Author-X-Name-Last: Grange Author-Name: Juan Carlos Muñoz Author-X-Name-First: Juan Carlos Author-X-Name-Last: Muñoz Title: An equivalent optimization formulation for the traffic assignment problem with asymmetric linear costs Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> In this paper, we present a general formulation for the deterministic traffic assignment problem, using an equivalent optimization problem applicable to the case of asymmetric linear cost functions. We present a resolution approach for this problem in such a way that in equilibrium Wardrop's first principle or Nash equilibrium is satisfied. We conclude that many deterministic traffic assignment problems with asymmetric linear costs can be formulated as an optimization problem whose objective is defined by a line integral, and whose constraints correspond to non-negativity and flows conservation. By adequately defining the integration path, it is feasible to resolve the problem, obtaining Wardrop's equilibrium. This approach can be applied in other economic contexts, including microeconomic theory and consumer surplus analysis. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-25 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2007 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060902750579 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060902750579 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2007:i:1:p:1-25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Justin S. Chang Author-X-Name-First: Justin S. Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Title: A demonstrative application of the bid-rent network equilibrium model Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> The bid-rent network equilibrium model represents the relationship between transport and the location of activities. A systematic application of the model to a real network is examined in this paper. The objective of this case study is to demonstrate the ability of the model to address the two-way relationship. A base run and two policy runs are simulated. The base run shows a numerical test conducted using survey data. The policy runs involve the introduction of a congestion charge and the release of land for housing development. Class-specific spatial behavior is obtained. This behavior is explained using network performance indices of transport impedance and locational attractiveness. Some conclusions and suggestions are also presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 27-57 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2007 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060902750603 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060902750603 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2007:i:1:p:27-57 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chansung Kim Author-X-Name-First: Chansung Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Chang Gyu Choi Author-X-Name-First: Chang Gyu Author-X-Name-Last: Choi Author-Name: Seongkil Cho Author-X-Name-First: Seongkil Author-X-Name-Last: Cho Author-Name: Daehyon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Daehyon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: A comparative study of aggregate and disaggregate gravity models using Seoul metropolitan subway trip data Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Existing origin constrained and doubly constrained gravity models have not been compared, theoretically or empirically, in terms of their forecasting power. Due to the newly advanced technology of intelligent transport systems, the expanded data presently available have made various models more comparable in terms of forecasting power. This paper uses archived automatic passenger counting (APC) data for urban rail in the Seoul metropolitan area. The APC data contains information about each trip's origin, destination, ticket type, fare, and distance on a daily basis. The objective of this paper is to compare the goodness-of-fit of aggregate and disaggregate gravity modeling using these data. A Hyman aggregate gravity model is used as the aggregate model without the spatial effect. The disaggregate model adopts a multinomial logit as the destination choice model with the spatial effect. In general, while the formulation of aggregate and disaggregate gravity model models are similar, the calibration and parameter estimation methods of the two models are different. As a result, this empirical study demonstrates that the variation in goodness-of-fit and forecasting power largely depends on the estimation method and selected variables. The forecasting power of the disaggregate modeling approach outperforms that of the aggregate model. This paper further confirms that spatial arrangement plays important roles in gravity modeling. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 59-70 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060902750652 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060902750652 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2008:i:1:p:59-70 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yaser E. Hawas Author-X-Name-First: Yaser E. Author-X-Name-Last: Hawas Author-Name: Mutahar Abdel Hameed Author-X-Name-First: Mutahar Abdel Author-X-Name-Last: Hameed Title: A multi-stage procedure for validating microscopic traffic simulation models Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Validating microscopic traffic simulation models incorporates several challenges because of the inadequacy and rareness of validation data, and the complexity of the car following and lane-changing processes. In addition, validation data were usually measured in aggregate form at the link level and not at the level of the individual vehicle. The majority of model validation attempts in the literature use average link measurements of traffic characteristics. However, validation techniques based on averages of traffic variables have several limitations including possible inconsistency between the field observed and simulation-estimated variables, and as such the resulting spatial--temporal traffic stream patterns. Due to these inconsistencies, this paper introduces a novel approach to the validation of microscopic traffic simulation models. A three-stage procedure for validating microscopic simulation models is presented. The paper describes the field measurements, experimental setup, and the simulation-based analysis of the three stages. The purpose of the first stage is to validate a benchmark simulator (NETSIM) using limited field data. The second stage examines the spatial--temporal traffic patterns extracted from the benchmark simulator versus those extracted from the simulation model to be validated (I-SIM-S). Different traffic patterns were examined accounting for various factors, such as traffic flow, link speeds, and signal timing. The third stage compares the aggregate traffic measures extracted from the subject simulator against those extracted from the benchmark simulator. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 71-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2008 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060902750686 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060902750686 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2008:i:1:p:71-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Serkan Tapkın Author-X-Name-First: Serkan Author-X-Name-Last: Tapkın Author-Name: Özdemir Akyılmaz Author-X-Name-First: Özdemir Author-X-Name-Last: Akyılmaz Title: A new approach to neural trip distribution models: NETDIM Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper develops and presents a new neural network approach to model trip distribution, which is one of the important phases of conventional four-step travel demand modelling. The trip distribution problem has been investigated using back-propagation artificial neural networks in a number of studies and it was concluded that back-propagation artificial neural networks underperform when compared to traditional models. Such underperformance is due to the thresholding of the linearly combined inputs by utilising a non-linear function and carrying out this operation both in hidden and output layers. The proposed neural trip distribution model does not threshold the linearly combined outputs from the hidden layer. This makes it different from back-propagation artificial neural networks where combined inputs from the hidden layer are activated once more in the output layer. In addition, the neuron in the output layer is used as a summation unit in contrast to the methodologies cited in the neural network applications literature. At the same time, the bias neuron is not connected to the output neuron in the output layer. When this model is compared with various approaches such as the gravity model, modular neural networks and back-propagation neural networks, it was concluded that this new model provides better prediction of trip distribution and therefore, outperforms all the existing approaches. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 93-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2008 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060902750710 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060902750710 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2008:i:1:p:93-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kees Maat Author-X-Name-First: Kees Author-X-Name-Last: Maat Author-Name: Harry J.P. Timmermans Author-X-Name-First: Harry J.P. Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans Title: A causal model relating urban form with daily travel distance through activity/travel decisions Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Urban form is often assumed to influence travel distance. However, as this is no travel choice in itself, but the consequence of other decisions, this paper tests, consistent with the activity-based approach, a causal model that does not relate urban form directly with daily travel distance, but indirectly through a series of decisions. A structural equation model was developed with urban form measures for both the residential and the work environment. The model demonstrates that indirect effects can steer a total effect in another direction, indicating that the apparent effects of one variable on another can be the trade-off of opposite effects. Effects from residential density suggest that people in a dense residential environment travel a little less, although this effect is partly cancelled out by extra activities. Workplace density/mix increases total daily distances, but decreases distances by car. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 115-134 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060902861285 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060902861285 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:2:p:115-134 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ioannis Minis Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis Author-X-Name-Last: Minis Author-Name: Jason Angelopoulos Author-X-Name-First: Jason Author-X-Name-Last: Angelopoulos Author-Name: Gethsimani Kyrioglou Author-X-Name-First: Gethsimani Author-X-Name-Last: Kyrioglou Title: Car fleet planning and management models for large event transport: the Athens 2004 Olympic Games Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper discusses important design aspects of the ‘taxi-like’ car fleet system used to transport VIPs during the Athens 2004 Olympic Games. This system included more than 600 vehicles, two large depots, a call center, 1300 drivers and more than 100 management staff, and provided 24-hour service to approximately 3500 clients during the 15-day period of the Games. Three aspects of the system design played a critical role in the system's success: the development of robust operating principles, the accurate planning of resources, and the design of an effective management structure. The methods used in these three areas are presented, and the system design is evaluated by measurements collected during operation. The issues presented in this paper are relevant to the design and management of car fleet transport systems for large events. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 135-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060902861319 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060902861319 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:2:p:135-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jin-Hyuk Chung Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Hyuk Author-X-Name-Last: Chung Author-Name: Taewan Kim Author-X-Name-First: Taewan Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Hojong Baik Author-X-Name-First: Hojong Author-X-Name-Last: Baik Author-Name: Yun-Sook Choi Author-X-Name-First: Yun-Sook Author-X-Name-Last: Choi Title: A structural equation model of activity participation and travel behavior using longitudinal data Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper presents a dynamic structural equation model (SEM) that explicitly addresses complicated causal relationships among socio-demographics, activity participation, and travel behavior. The model assumes that activity participation and travel patterns in the current year are affected by those in previous years. Using the longitudinal dataset collected from Puget sound transportation panel ‘wave 3’ and ‘wave 4,’ these assumptions are tested with suggested SEMs. Within each wave, the model is structured to have a three-level causal relationship that describes interactions among endogenous variables under time-budget constraints. The resulting coefficients representing the activity durations indicate that people tend to allocate their time according to the importance and the obligation of the activity level. Results from the dynamic SEM confirm the fact that people's current activity and travel behavior do have effects on those in the future. The resulting model also shows that activity participation and travel behavior in ‘wave 3’ are closely related to those in ‘wave 4.’ These explicit explanations of relationships among variables could provide important perspectives in the activity-based approach which becomes recognized as a better analytical tool for the transportation planning and policy making process. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 163-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2007 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060902861392 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060902861392 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2007:i:2:p:163-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yavuz Duvarci Author-X-Name-First: Yavuz Author-X-Name-Last: Duvarci Author-Name: Shoshi Mizokami Author-X-Name-First: Shoshi Author-X-Name-Last: Mizokami Title: A suppressed demand analysis method of the transportation disadvantaged in policy making Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper proposes a method for estimating transportation supply requirements when the suppressed demand of the transportation disadvantaged (TD) can be calculated and added to existing demand for travel. The underlying assumption is that the travel conditions of these TD groups must be equal to the ‘conventional’ demand, known as ‘full release’. Utilising the modelling approach for TD, suppressed demand analysis, diagnosis of difficulties and equity between conventional and disadvantaged groups were realised, while elaborating special cases for the most vulnerable TD groups (such as elderly and disabled persons) and simultaneously identifying areas of difficulty. From the early virtual results, it is concluded that, for the full release of suppressed trips (only a 5% increase), policy makers must be ready to face some financial burdens, requiring coordination of effort to both standardise these TD groups and reduce the costs incurred by operators. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 187-214 Issue: 2 Volume: 32 Year: 2007 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060902861400 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060902861400 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2007:i:2:p:187-214 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hualing Ren Author-X-Name-First: Hualing Author-X-Name-Last: Ren Author-Name: Ziyou Gao Author-X-Name-First: Ziyou Author-X-Name-Last: Gao Author-Name: William H.K. Lam Author-X-Name-First: William H.K. Author-X-Name-Last: Lam Author-Name: Jiancheng Long Author-X-Name-First: Jiancheng Author-X-Name-Last: Long Title: Assessing the benefits of integrated en-route transit information systems and time-varying transit pricing systems in a congested transit network Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper proposes a model for assessing the effects of the integrated implementation of en-route transit information systems (ETIS) and time-varying transit pricing systems (TTPS). The proposed model reveals the interaction between ETIS and TTPS, and the potential benefit of the joint implementation. There are two classes of passengers: those equipped and those unequipped with ETIS. It is assumed that unequipped passengers make their travel choices according to stochastic dynamic user optimal principles, with equipped passengers having a lower perception variation of travel cost due to the availability of better information. A bi-level program is formulated to model the integrated effects on passengers’ departure time choice behavior, route choice behavior, transit network performance, and transit operators’ revenue. The lower level is a multi-class stochastic dynamic transit assignment model. The combined system total cost and operators’ benefits under varied transit conditions are investigated with a numerical example. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 215-237 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903017077 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903017077 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:3:p:215-237 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H-S. Jacob Tsao Author-X-Name-First: H-S. Jacob Author-X-Name-Last: Tsao Author-Name: Wenbin Wei Author-X-Name-First: Wenbin Author-X-Name-Last: Wei Author-Name: Agus Pratama Author-X-Name-First: Agus Author-X-Name-Last: Pratama Title: Operational feasibility of one-dedicated-lane bus rapid transit/light rail systems Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper proposes the concept of a bus rapid transit (BRT) or light rail system that effectively requires only one dedicated but reversible lane to support two-way traffic in the median of a busy commute corridor with regular provision of left-turn lanes. Traffic crossing is accommodated on the otherwise unused or underused median space resulting from provision of left-turn lanes. Conceptual design options and geometric-configuration sketches for bus stops and crossing spaces are provided. System performance in terms of travel speed, headway operations, distance between two neighboring crossing spaces, and number of crossing spaces is also analyzed. To ensure practicality, we study implementation of such a system on an existing corridor. Such a system is also useful as an intermediate step toward a two-dedicated-lane system because of its potential for facilitating transit-oriented development. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 239-260 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903017085 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903017085 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:3:p:239-260 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jin-Su Mun Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Su Author-X-Name-Last: Mun Title: Some features of non-linear travel time models for dynamic traffic assignment Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper investigates some features of non-linear travel time models for dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) that adopt traffic on the link as the sole determinant for the calculation of travel time and have explicit relationships between travel time and traffic on the link. Analytical proofs and numerical examples are provided to show first-in-first-out (FIFO) violation and the behaviour of decreasing outflow with increasing traffic in non-linear travel time models. It is analytically shown that any non-linear travel time model could violate FIFO in some circumstances, especially when inflow drops sharply, and some convex non-linear travel time models could show behaviour with outflow decreasing as traffic increases. It is also shown that the linear travel time model does not show these behaviours. A non-linear travel time model in general form was used for analytical proofs and several existing non-linear travel time models were adopted for numerical examples. Considering the features addressed in this study, non-linear travel time models seem to have limitations for use in DTA in practical terms and care should be taken when they are used for modelling time-varying transportation networks. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 261-288 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903017119 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903017119 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:3:p:261-288 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ching-Hui Tang Author-X-Name-First: Ching-Hui Author-X-Name-Last: Tang Author-Name: Shangyao Yan Author-X-Name-First: Shangyao Author-X-Name-Last: Yan Author-Name: Chia-Wei Chang Author-X-Name-First: Chia-Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Title: Short-term work team scheduling models for effective road repair and management Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> In this study, we focus on the development of work team routing/scheduling models incorporating stochastic travel and repair times. Robust and expected optimization concepts, combined with a time--space network technique, are used to develop the models. We perform numerical tests based on operational data for Taoyuan County in Taiwan. The test results show the good performance of the models. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 289-311 Issue: 3 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903017150 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903017150 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:3:p:289-311 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nam Seok Kim Author-X-Name-First: Nam Seok Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Bert Van Wee Author-X-Name-First: Bert Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee Title: Assessment of CO2 emissions for truck-only and rail-based intermodal freight systems in Europe Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Rail-based intermodal freight transportation systems in the European Union have been regarded as being more environmental friendly than truck-only freight systems, particularly for long-distance haulage and in terms of CO2 emissions. However, to date there has been no clear comparison of CO2 emissions between different freight systems. Therefore, this paper examines whether the intermodal freight system really does emit less CO2 than their road-based counterparts. A research framework is established in which the methods and data of earlier studies are assessed. Based on a conceptualisation of intermodal and truck-only systems, the semi-life cycle assessment technique, which excludes emissions from infrastructure and vehicle manufacturing and includes emissions from the production of fuel and direct emissions, is used in order to examine the short- and medium-term environmental impact of different freight systems. The main conclusion is that in general rail-based intermodal freight systems emit less CO2 than truck-only systems, regardless of the type of locomotive. For electric locomotives, the electricity power-generating source is the definitive factor in deciding which type of train in an intermodal freight system offers the most environmental friendly alternative: if power plants use only coal or oil fuel sources, intermodal systems using electric trains could emit more CO2 than their competitors. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 313-333 Issue: 4 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903119584 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903119584 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:4:p:313-333 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hugo Priemus Author-X-Name-First: Hugo Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus Title: Do Design & Construct contracts for infrastructure projects stimulate innovation? The case of the Dutch high speed railway Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> The key question addressed in this paper is: do Design & Construct (D&C) contracts for infrastructure projects stimulate innovation? Following an overview of the goals and background for adopting D&C contracts, a case study is presented: the tendering procedure for the High Speed Railway link between Amsterdam and the Belgian--Dutch border. There was a Design & Build, Finance & Maintain contracting procedure for the superstructure (infraprovider; 25 years), a contracting procedure for the transport services (15 years) and a D&C contracting procedure for five segments of the substructure (mainly civil engineering). In particular the experiences of the D&C contract for the substructure have been documented in a recent report by the Dutch Parliamentary Commission on Infrastructure Projects and in this paper. The conclusion overall is that everything that could go wrong, went wrong. These failures are demonstrated and explained. A number of lessons can be learned, both for the Netherlands and the international community. Conditions for a proper D&C approach are formulated. Only when these conditions are met can D&C improve the price--quality ratio of infrastructure projects and boost dynamics and innovation in the construction industry. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 335-353 Issue: 4 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903119592 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903119592 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:4:p:335-353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert M. Arthur Author-X-Name-First: Robert M. Author-X-Name-Last: Arthur Title: Using social theory and GIS to create a safer road environment: a new attitude Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper presents the hypothesis that in order to create a safer road environment, there needs to be a change in the approach used by police services. A shift in methodology is required that moves away from punishment, such as issuing traffic tickets, and its attendant measures of success, total number of tickets issued or total amount of fines, to a safety-based methodology with its main emphasis on reducing collisions and their severity. This requires understanding the social context of driving and how dangerous driving is defined. This paper moves from these topics to describing deterrence theory which is the common philosophy underlying the criminal justice system today, including how the police handle traffic violations. A different approach is then presented which draws from these methods but changes the focus of police resource deployment. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 355-375 Issue: 4 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903119600 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903119600 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:4:p:355-375 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marco Diana Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Diana Author-Name: Luca Quadrifoglio Author-X-Name-First: Luca Author-X-Name-Last: Quadrifoglio Author-Name: Cristina Pronello Author-X-Name-First: Cristina Author-X-Name-Last: Pronello Title: A methodology for comparing distances traveled by performance-equivalent fixed-route and demand responsive transit services Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Public transport systems are confronted by the need to improve their economic effectiveness in order to meet customer requirements at acceptable costs for transit providers, which are often heavily subsidized. Our goal is to understand how the organizational form of the transit system impacts on system productivity. Our methodology consists of comparing performance in terms of distance traveled of two competing transit services, a traditional fixed-route and a demand responsive service, while ensuring a comparable service to the same set of customers. We consider several scenarios, which depend on the road network, service quality level, and demand density. According to our findings, demand responsive transit services perform better for high-quality service levels and low demand density scenarios. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 377-399 Issue: 4 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903119618 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903119618 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:4:p:377-399 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harry Geerlings Author-X-Name-First: Harry Author-X-Name-Last: Geerlings Author-Name: Jasper Lohuis Author-X-Name-First: Jasper Author-X-Name-Last: Lohuis Author-Name: Bart Wiegmans Author-X-Name-First: Bart Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegmans Author-Name: Arnoud Willemsen Author-X-Name-First: Arnoud Author-X-Name-Last: Willemsen Title: A renaissance in understanding technology dynamics? The emerging concept of transition management in transportation Abstract: Abstract For the last five years the technology factor (by which is meant both process and product innovation) has received renewed attention in the transport sector as society is confronted with new challenges. This leads to a call for change and transitions. Technology is considered as a potential answer to new needs and new problems, like the reduction of CO2 and the supply of alternative energy. It is important that there is a theoretical basis for the way of thinking on innovation and diffusion when it comes to technology dynamics. This paper, based on a literature study, addresses the question to what extent the theory of transition management can be considered as a new application of technology dynamics. The theory of technological innovations in the broad sense is analysed and applied to the transport sector. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 401-422 Issue: 5 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903257046 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903257046 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:5:p:401-422 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ming Zhong Author-X-Name-First: Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong Author-Name: Brody L. Hanson Author-X-Name-First: Brody L. Author-X-Name-Last: Hanson Title: GIS-based travel demand modeling for estimating traffic on low-class roads Abstract: Abstract Traffic count data are useful for many purposes, but often not available for significant portions of road networks. It would be prohibitive to cover all roads with traditional sensor-based traffic monitoring system, particularly for rural, low-class roads. In cases where traffic volumes are needed but unavailable, travel demand models (TDMs) can be used to estimate such information. A literature review indicates that research work for estimating traffic volumes for low-class roads using TDM is scarce. The majority of previous research used traffic count data-based regressions. The problem of such an approach is that it relies on available traffic counts to develop, calibrate, and validate regression models. Nevertheless, few or no traffic counts are collected on low-class roads, and therefore make it inapplicable. This study implements TDMs for two regions in the province of New Brunswick, Canada to estimate traffic volumes for low-class roads. Geographical Information System-based TDMs using census data and Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Quick Response Method produce forecasted traffic for a significant portion of road network previously without any traffic information and limit the average estimation errors for low-class roads to less than 40%. Available traffic data were increased by 45% in York County and 144% in the Beresford area. The traffic estimation errors are comparable to or better than those reported in the literature, and the forecast traffic volumes provide a solid foundation for identifying high-volume road segments and prioritizing funding. Study results clearly show TDM is a practical, useful, cost-effective way for estimating traffic parameters on low-class roads. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 423-439 Issue: 5 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903257053 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903257053 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:5:p:423-439 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jin-Woo Park Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Woo Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Rodger Robertson Author-X-Name-First: Rodger Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: Differences in air passengers’ buying behaviour: findings from Korean and Australian international passengers Abstract: Abstract This paper investigates how air passengers’ expectations, ticket price, airline service quality, value, passenger satisfaction and airline image determine their buying behaviour. To test the conceptual frameworks, path analysis was applied to data collected from Korean and Australian international passengers to examine differences between these two groups. Further analyses were undertaken on different passenger segments between national and foreign airline passengers. The results of the path analysis reveal that air passengers’ buying behaviour differs significantly between Korean and Australian international passengers. Results also reveal that the determinants of air passengers’ buying behaviour differ by airlines. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 441-460 Issue: 5 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903017176 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903017176 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:5:p:441-460 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jin-Su Mun Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Su Author-X-Name-Last: Mun Title: A model and solution algorithm for dynamic deterministic user equilibrium assignment Abstract: Abstract In this paper a route-based dynamic deterministic user equilibrium assignment model is presented. Some features of the linear travel time model are first investigated and then a divided linear travel time model is proposed for the estimation of link travel time: it addresses the limitations of the linear travel time model. For the application of the proposed model to general transportation networks, this paper provides thorough investigations on the computational issues in dynamic traffic assignment with many-to-many OD pairs and presents an efficient solution procedure. The numerical calculations demonstrate that the proposed model and solution algorithm produce satisfactory solutions for a network of substantial size with many-to-many OD pairs. Comparisons of assignment results are also made to show the impacts of incorporation of different link travel time models on the assignment results. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 461-497 Issue: 6 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903374668 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903374668 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:6:p:461-497 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yousef Shafahi Author-X-Name-First: Yousef Author-X-Name-Last: Shafahi Author-Name: Reza Faturechi Author-X-Name-First: Reza Author-X-Name-Last: Faturechi Title: A new fuzzy approach to estimate the O--D matrix from link volumes Abstract: Abstract Estimation of the origin--destination (O--D) trip demand matrix plays a key role in travel analysis and transportation planning and operations. Many researchers have developed different O--D matrix estimation methods using traffic counts, which allow simple data collection as opposed to the costly traditional direct estimation methods based on home and roadside interviews. In this paper, we present a new fuzzy model to estimate the O--D matrix from traffic counts. Since link data only represent a snapshot situation, resulting in inconsistency of data and poor quality of the estimated O--Ds, the proposed method considers the link data as a fuzzy number that varies within a certain bandwidth. Shafahi and Ramezani's fuzzy assignment method is improved upon and used to assign the estimated O--D matrix, which causes the assigned volumes to be fuzzy numbers similar to what is proposed for observed link counts. The shortest path algorithm of the proposed method is similar to the Floyd--Warshall algorithm, and we call it the Fuzzy Floyd--Warshall Algorithm. A new fuzzy comparing index is proposed by improving the fuzzy comparison method developed by Dubois and Prade to estimate and compare the distance between the assigned and observed link volumes. The O--D estimation model is formulated as a convex minimization problem based on the proposed fuzzy index to minimize the fuzzy distance between the observed and assigned link volumes. A gradient-based method is used to solve the problem. To ensure the original O--D matrix does not change more than necessary during the iterations, a fuzzy rule-based approach is proposed to control the matrix changes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 499-526 Issue: 6 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903374700 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903374700 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:6:p:499-526 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Angel Ibeas Author-X-Name-First: Angel Author-X-Name-Last: Ibeas Author-Name: Jose L. Moura Author-X-Name-First: Jose L. Author-X-Name-Last: Moura Author-Name: Luigi dell'Olio Author-X-Name-First: Luigi Author-X-Name-Last: dell'Olio Title: Planning school transport: design of routes with flexible school opening times Abstract: Abstract This paper puts forward a methodology for designing a system for school transport which, apart from designing routes, specifies school opening times. Traditionally school opening times have always been identical in the same area meaning many buses have to be used at the same time. This paper suggests the staggering of school opening times in order to minimise the number of buses and thereby reduce the enormous costs involved in running them. The methodology is based on: a first phase which addresses the classic routing problem by using mixed integer lineal programming and a second phase which uses bi-level programming to find the vector for school opening times, which, when staying within the constraints of the problem, minimises the direct costs of the system. The upper level represents the evaluation of the system costs and the lower level finds the best combination of optimum routes for the same bus. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 527-544 Issue: 6 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903374734 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903374734 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:6:p:527-544 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joris Melkert Author-X-Name-First: Joris Author-X-Name-Last: Melkert Author-Name: Bert van Wee Author-X-Name-First: Bert Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee Title: Assessment of innovative transport concepts using cost--benefit analysis Abstract: Abstract New guidelines for assessing the costs and benefits of transport systems have been used in the Netherlands since 2000. This paper reports on the first use of these guidelines for assessment of an innovative transport concept, the Superbus. The Superbus concept combines new vehicle technologies, demand-driven logistics and partly new infrastructure. Ex ante evaluation of an innovative transport system proved to be possible but more difficult than that of a conventional system. The main challenge was found in taking into account the uncertainties, not only expressing them as potential extra costs but also taking into account the potential benefits of innovations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 545-571 Issue: 6 Volume: 32 Year: 2009 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903374767 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903374767 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:32:y:2009:i:6:p:545-571 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Author-Name: Helena Titheridge Author-X-Name-First: Helena Author-X-Name-Last: Titheridge Title: Universities’ Transport Studies Group UK Annual Conference 2009 Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-2 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903429256 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903429256 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:1:p:1-2 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Phil Goodwin Author-X-Name-First: Phil Author-X-Name-Last: Goodwin Author-Name: Glenn Lyons Author-X-Name-First: Glenn Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons Title: Public attitudes to transport: interpreting the evidence Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Public attitudes to transport are complex. This paper summarises selected themes from a large scale evidence review of over 300 studies, with a focus on attitudes to important (and sometimes controversial) aspects of transport policy, namely assessment of the importance of congestion, relative popularity of different policy interventions, expanding provision for international air transport and environmental improvement. Findings include: (1) evidence of majority attitudes that traffic congestion is seen as a national problem but less so for individual respondents and their families; (2) evidence of large majority (but not unanimous) support for improvements to public transport, reductions in speed and restrictions on traffic in residential areas, while road building and road pricing are divisive and controversial; (3) recent deep inconsistencies in evidence cited on attitudes to providing for growth in air transport; and (4) evidence of a gradation of willingness to change behaviour for environmental reasons. A critical evidence gap is on changes in individual attitudes over time, essential for understanding how attitudes form, and for their assessment in informing policy formulation. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 3-17 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903429264 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903429264 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2009:i:1:p:3-17 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yusak O. Susilo Author-X-Name-First: Yusak O. Author-X-Name-Last: Susilo Author-Name: Martin Dijst Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Dijst Title: Behavioural decisions of travel-time ratios for work, maintenance and leisure activities in the Netherlands Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Using the 2005 Dutch National Travel Survey data-set this paper investigates the influences of socio-demographics, journey patterns and built environment factors on the ratio of travel time and activity duration that an individual spends when engaging in work, daily shopping, non-daily shopping and sport/recreation activities. The results show that socio-demographics and other variables have unique influence on each type of activity. The travel-time ratios (TTRs) of some activities are more varied across the population whilst some have more ‘acceptable’ ratios. The interaction between activity duration and travel time is also unique for each socio-demographic group. For example, given the same amount of travel time, males will spend significantly less time on shopping than females; whilst for sports and recreational activities males will spend more time on than their female counterpart. By understanding individuals’ different TTR values for different activities, the TTR can be an important guide when providing activity locations which in turn can help in creating sustainable urban transport conditions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 19-34 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903429280 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903429280 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2009:i:1:p:19-34 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rico Merkert Author-X-Name-First: Rico Author-X-Name-Last: Merkert Author-Name: Andrew S.J. Smith Author-X-Name-First: Andrew S.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Chris A. Nash Author-X-Name-First: Chris A. Author-X-Name-Last: Nash Title: Benchmarking of train operating firms -- a transaction cost efficiency analysis Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Benchmarking of rail firms has become a matter of substantial interest and many authors have emphasised the importance of transaction costs in regard to assessing the desirability of vertical separation. However, due to data and methodological limitations, previous rail efficiency studies have been unable to explicitly analyse the role that transaction cost measures play in determining the relative efficiency performance of different rail firms or rail systems. This paper incorporates recently produced measures of transaction costs into a two-stage bootstrapped data envelopment analysis (DEA), applied to a sample of 43 Swedish, German and British train operating firms. In the first stage, the number of transaction staff is included as a separate (physical) input within the DEA. This is followed by a second-step Tobit regression which seeks to evaluate the impact of institutional (vertical separation and type of operation), environmental (competition) and transactional (monetary values of transaction costs) factors on technical efficiency. The results of the analysis show that transactional factors are more important in determining technical efficiency than institutional factors and the opening-up of competition. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 35-53 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903429330 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903429330 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2009:i:1:p:35-53 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simon P. Blainey Author-X-Name-First: Simon P. Author-X-Name-Last: Blainey Author-Name: John M. Preston Author-X-Name-First: John M. Author-X-Name-Last: Preston Title: Modelling local rail demand in South Wales Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Direct demand models have been developed based on ticket sales data for 85 local rail stations in South Wales. Initially log-linear regression models were calibrated, incorporating a variety of independent variables. Geographical Information Systems were used to implement flexible station catchment definition methods, notably flow-specific catchments where population units were allocated to stations by minimising the total travel time to individual destinations. To validate these methods a survey of ultimate trip end locations was carried out on the Rhymney line in South Wales. To give consistency with predictions from trip end models, methods were developed to constrain predicted trip numbers for each flow based on the total trips observed or predicted from origin stations. Simple scaling had only limited success, so probabilistic trip distribution models were calibrated by using both the linear and non-linear regression. These gave superior results and explicitly incorporated the effects of intervening opportunities in the model form. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 55-73 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903429363 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903429363 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2009:i:1:p:55-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Heslop Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Heslop Author-Name: J. Harvey Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey Author-Name: N. Thorpe Author-X-Name-First: N. Author-X-Name-Last: Thorpe Author-Name: C. Mulley Author-X-Name-First: C. Author-X-Name-Last: Mulley Title: Factors that comprise driver boredom and their relationships to preferred driving speed and demographic variables Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Driver boredom is an area of driver behaviour that has received limited attention. This study explores the factor structure underlying driver boredom and investigates age and gender differences in the experience of driver boredom, and preferred driving speeds using a self-report questionnaire. A rotated principle components analysis of 49 attitude items yielded four dimensions: responses to under-stimulation; flow; lapse and error-proneness; and anxiety. Age and gender differences were found in these dimensions as well as in preferred driving speeds; two of the factors, responses to under-stimulation and flow were particularly related to preferred driving speeds on all but urban roads. These findings are considered in terms of cognitive capacity required for driving, self-reporting of cognitive failure and error-proneness and the implications for drivers maintaining safety margins when bored. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 75-89 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903429389 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903429389 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2009:i:1:p:75-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiang Han Author-X-Name-First: Jiang Author-X-Name-Last: Han Author-Name: John W. Polak Author-X-Name-First: John W. Author-X-Name-Last: Polak Author-Name: Javier Barria Author-X-Name-First: Javier Author-X-Name-Last: Barria Author-Name: Rajesh Krishnan Author-X-Name-First: Rajesh Author-X-Name-Last: Krishnan Title: On the estimation of space-mean-speed from inductive loop detector data Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> Travel time is an important indicator of network performance used in traffic operations and management. Commonly deployed inductive loop detectors (ILDs) measure time-mean-speed (TMS), whereas space-mean-speed (SMS) is required to calculate the travel time. A well-known relationship between the TMS and the SMS was derived by Wardrop. However, this relationship cannot be used in practice to estimate travel times as it requires knowledge of the variance of the SMS. The variance of the SMS is not measured by the ILDs and is normally not available in practice. A novel formulation is presented in this paper to estimate the SMS using TMS obtained from ILDs. In addition, two additional models based on the formulation are developed to improve the estimation performance by taking traffic states into account. The initial results show that the proposed formulation can used to estimate the SMS, and hence the travel time, accurately using real-world data. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 91-104 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903429421 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903429421 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2009:i:1:p:91-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gordon Wilmsmeier Author-X-Name-First: Gordon Author-X-Name-Last: Wilmsmeier Author-Name: Inmaculada Martínez-Zarzoso Author-X-Name-First: Inmaculada Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez-Zarzoso Title: Determinants of maritime transport costs -- a panel data analysis for Latin American trade Abstract: A<sc>bstract</sc> This paper analyses the determinants of maritime transport costs for intra-Latin American trade over a period of 6 years (1999--2004). The data refer to yearly disaggregated (five-digit level Standard International Classification) containerised maritime trade flows on 277 trade routes. With this data-set, a transport costs equation is estimated using linear regression analysis in a panel data framework. The first contribution to the literature is to exploit the greater variability present in the data and to control for unobservable heterogeneous effects. The second is to investigate the role of distance as a determinant of international maritime transport costs in comparison to the location within the liner services network and the potential impact of being peripheral in the liner shipping network. Finally, the work analyses influence of open registries on the variability of maritime transport costs. To the authors’ knowledge, this has not been done previously. Three groups of explanatory variables are considered. Firstly, time variant variables: use of open registries and trade imbalance. Secondly, variables related to liner shipping network structures: number of liner services; shipping opportunities; deployed ships and deployed TEUs. Finally, product-related variables such as volume of shipment, value of product and special characteristics of the cargo (i.e. refrigerated cargo). The results allow the quantification of the effects of explanatory variables on international maritime transport costs and to compare the obtained elasticities with previous cross-section analyses. In particular, estimating the impact of the use of open registries on maritime transport cost is a new contribution in this field that could provide policy-makers with valuable information to be used in the implementation of economic policies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 105-121 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2009 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060903429447 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060903429447 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2009:i:1:p:105-121 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bing-Feng Si Author-X-Name-First: Bing-Feng Author-X-Name-Last: Si Author-Name: Ming Zhong Author-X-Name-First: Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong Author-Name: Hao-Zhi Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Hao-Zhi Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Wen-Long Jin Author-X-Name-First: Wen-Long Author-X-Name-Last: Jin Title: An improved Dial's algorithm for logit-based traffic assignment within a directed acyclic network Abstract: Abstract Dial's algorithm is one of the most effective and popular procedures for a logit-type stochastic traffic assignment, as it does not require path enumeration over a network. However, a fundamental problem associated with the algorithm is its simple definition of ‘efficient paths’, which sometimes produces unrealistic flow patterns. In this paper, an improved algorithm based on the route extension coefficient is proposed in order to circumvent this problem, in which ‘efficient paths’ simultaneously consider link travel cost and minimum travel cost. Path enumeration is still not required and a similar computing efficiency with the original algorithm is guaranteed. A limitation of the algorithm is that it can only be applied to a directed acyclic network because a topological sorting algorithm is used to decide the order of the sequential calculation. A numerical example based on the Beijing subway network illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. It is found that it is able to exclude most unrealistic paths, but include all reasonable paths when compared with path enumeration and the original Dial's algorithm. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 123-137 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003643705 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003643705 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:2:p:123-137 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yen-Ching Sung Author-X-Name-First: Yen-Ching Author-X-Name-Last: Sung Title: Consumer learning behavior in choosing electric motorcycles Abstract: Abstract The purpose of this paper is to understand the effect of the learning process on consumers' choice behavior for electric motorcycles in Taiwan. The electric motorcycle is a new technological product so consumers need to gather all kinds of information -- performance, operating cost, government subsidy policy, etc. -- to reduce their uncertainty about the product. In this paper, a four-stage stated preference experiment is designed and a survey applied. At each stage, the survey gives respondents new information about the electric motorcycle. In this process, respondents gather information and update their expectation about electric motorcycles in a Bayesian manner. This paper calibrates a Bayesian learning process model to the data. The results show that respondents have a higher quality perception of the electric motorcycle than the gasoline motorcycle and there is heterogeneous learning across respondents. The manufacturers can use these to target specific consumers to promote the electric motorcycle. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 139-155 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003643747 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003643747 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:2:p:139-155 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rodrigo Fernandez Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez Author-Name: Cristian E. Cortes Author-X-Name-First: Cristian E. Author-X-Name-Last: Cortes Author-Name: Vanessa Burgos Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa Author-X-Name-Last: Burgos Title: Microscopic simulation of transit operations: policy studies with the MISTRANSIT application programming interface Abstract: Abstract Microscopic traffic simulators are the most advanced tools for representing the movement of vehicles on a transport network. However, the energy spent in traffic microsimulation has been mainly oriented to cars. Little interest has been devoted to more sophisticated models for simulating transit systems. Commercial software has some options to incorporate the operation of transit vehicles, but they are insufficient to properly consider a real public transport system. This paper develops an Application Programming Interface, called MIcroscopic Simulation of TRANSIT (MISTRANSIT), using the commercial microsimulator PARAllel MICroscopic Simulation. MISTRANSIT makes advances in three ways: public transport vehicles can have new characteristics; passengers are incorporated and traced as individual objects; and specific models represent the interaction between passengers and vehicles at stops. This paper presents the modelling approach as well as various experiments to illustrate the feasibility of MISTRANSIT for studying policy operations of transit systems. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 157-176 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003643762 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003643762 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:2:p:157-176 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Taku Fujiyama Author-X-Name-First: Taku Author-X-Name-Last: Fujiyama Author-Name: Nick Tyler Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Tyler Title: Predicting the walking speed of pedestrians on stairs Abstract: Abstract In this paper, we propose a framework in which the behaviour of a pedestrian is predicted based on the characteristics of both the pedestrian and the facility the pedestrian uses. As an example of its application, we develop a model to predict the walking speed of a pedestrian on stairs. We examine the physiology and biomechanics of walking on stairs, and then develop a model that predicts walking speed based on the weight and leg extensor power of the pedestrian, and the gradient of the stairs. The model was calibrated by experiment and validated by observations. The proposed framework establishes the importance of bridging the two types of characteristics: those of a pedestrian and those of the facility the pedestrian uses. Also, the developed walking speed model is useful for simulating how the design of stairs affects pedestrian circulation. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 177-202 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003643770 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003643770 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:2:p:177-202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Niloofar Jafari Author-X-Name-First: Niloofar Author-X-Name-Last: Jafari Author-Name: Seyed Hessameddin Zegordi Author-X-Name-First: Seyed Hessameddin Author-X-Name-Last: Zegordi Title: The airline perturbation problem: considering disrupted passengers Abstract: Abstract When airlines are faced with some unforeseen short-term events, they have to reconstruct their flight schedules. Although aircraft recovery decisions affect passengers, these disrupted passengers and recovering them have not been explicitly considered in most previous aircraft recovery models. This paper presents an assignment model for airline schedule recovery which recovers both aircraft and disrupted passengers simultaneously, using a rolling horizon time framework. Our model examines possible flight retiming, aircraft swapping, over-flying, ferrying, utilization of reserve aircraft, cancellation and passenger reassignment to generate an efficient schedule recovery plan. The model ensures that the schedule returns to normal within a certain time and the objective is to minimize operational recovery aircraft cost, cancellation and delay cost as well as disrupted passenger cost. The model is tested using a data-set with two disruption scenarios. The computational results show that it is capable of handling the integrated aircraft and passenger recovery problem successfully. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 203-220 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003643788 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003643788 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:2:p:203-220 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ming-Miin Yu Author-X-Name-First: Ming-Miin Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Title: Capacity efficiency measurement using a three-stage DEA approach: evidence from domestic airports in Taiwan Abstract: Abstract This paper aims to modify the Stage 1 data envelopment analysis (DEA) of the three-stage DEA approach to allow for the fact that undesirable outputs like aircraft noise may not be freely disposable, and the efficiency measure of airport capacity use is modified to allow for an asymmetric treatment of desirable and undesirable outputs. A directional distance function is used to construct an output orientated DEA model with a constant returns to scale assumption. Stage 3 DEA is a repetition of Stage 1 DEA with observed outputs adjusting to account for the effects of variation in the operating environment, variation in statistical noise, and variation in technical-change obtained from stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) regression analysis in Stage 2. Results from the empirical analysis for the case of Taiwan's domestic airports strongly demonstrate that airport capacity efficiency performance turns out to be very sensitive to whether or not environmental impacts, stochastic noises, technical-change factor, and undesirable outputs are included. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 221-235 Issue: 2 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003643804 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003643804 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:2:p:221-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rafael Palacios Author-X-Name-First: Rafael Author-X-Name-Last: Palacios Author-Name: Anuja Doshi Author-X-Name-First: Anuja Author-X-Name-Last: Doshi Author-Name: Amar Gupta Author-X-Name-First: Amar Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta Author-Name: Vince Orlando Author-X-Name-First: Vince Author-X-Name-Last: Orlando Author-Name: Brent R. Midwood Author-X-Name-First: Brent R. Author-X-Name-Last: Midwood Title: Neural network models to detect airplane near-collision situations Abstract: Abstract The US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has been investigating early warning accident prevention systems in an effort to prevent runway collisions. One system in place is the Airport Movement Area Safety System (AMASS), developed under contract for the FAA. AMASS internal logic is based on computing separation distances among airplanes, and it utilizes prediction models to foresee potential accidents. Research described in this paper shows that neural network models have the capability to accurately predict future separation distances and aircraft positions. Accurate prediction algorithms integrated in safety systems such as AMASS can potentially deliver earlier warnings to air traffic controllers, hence reducing the risk of runway accidents even further. Additionally, more accurate predictions will lower the incidence of false alarms, increasing confidence in the detection system. In this paper, different incipient detection approaches are presented, and several prediction techniques are evaluated using data from one large and busy airport. The main conclusion is that no single approach is good for every possible scenario, but the optimal performance is attained by a combination of the techniques presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 237-255 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003732300 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003732300 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:3:p:237-255 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Obrad Babić Author-X-Name-First: Obrad Author-X-Name-Last: Babić Author-Name: Milica Kalić Author-X-Name-First: Milica Author-X-Name-Last: Kalić Author-Name: Goran Pavković Author-X-Name-First: Goran Author-X-Name-Last: Pavković Author-Name: Slavica Dožić Author-X-Name-First: Slavica Author-X-Name-Last: Dožić Author-Name: Mirjana Čangalović Author-X-Name-First: Mirjana Author-X-Name-Last: Čangalović Title: Heuristic approach to the airline schedule disturbances problem Abstract: Abstract When disturbances make it impossible to realise the planned flight schedule, the dispatcher at the airline operational centre defines a new flight schedule based on airline policy, in order to reduce the negative effects of these perturbations. Depending on airline policy, when designing the new flight schedule, the dispatcher delays or cancels some flights and reassigns some flights to available aircraft. In this paper, a decision support system (DSS) for solving the airline schedule disturbances problem is developed aiming to assist decision makers in handling disturbances in real-time. The system is based on a heuristic algorithm, which generates a list of different feasible schedules ordered according to the value of an objective function. The dispatcher can thus select and implement one of them. In this paper, the possibilities of DSS are illustrated by real numerical examples that concern JAT Airways' flight schedule disturbances. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 257-280 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003732318 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003732318 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:3:p:257-280 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lesley Strawderman Author-X-Name-First: Lesley Author-X-Name-Last: Strawderman Author-Name: Hohyun Lee Author-X-Name-First: Hohyun Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: John M. Usher Author-X-Name-First: John M. Author-X-Name-Last: Usher Title: Utilization of behavioral studies in developing the intermodal simulator for the analysis of pedestrian traffic (ISAPT) Abstract: Abstract The effective and efficient design of intermodal facilities is highly dependent on the pedestrian use of these facilities. A pedestrian simulation model, intermodal simulator for the analysis of pedestrian traffic (ISAPT), was created to study the impact of facility design on pedestrian behavior. This paper presents results from an empirical study examining the walking behavior of pedestrians in a corridor and how it was used to improve ISAPT. To quantify pedestrian behavior, 20 minutes of video footage from a university building corridor were studied. The travel speed of the 68 pedestrians included in the analysis was normally distributed with an average of 1.00 m/s. The facility had a flow rate of 0.92 ped/min/m and an overall area module of 1.14 m-super-2/ped. To incorporate the findings into ISAPT, the buildings architecture was represented in the simulation. Resource points and barriers, path markers, and pedestrian characteristics were added to the model as well. Future work related to planned empirical studies and modeling strategies are presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 281-295 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003732334 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003732334 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:3:p:281-295 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bruno F. Santos Author-X-Name-First: Bruno F. Author-X-Name-Last: Santos Author-Name: António P. Antunes Author-X-Name-First: António P. Author-X-Name-Last: Antunes Author-Name: Eric J. Miller Author-X-Name-First: Eric J. Author-X-Name-Last: Miller Title: Interurban road network planning model with accessibility and robustness objectives Abstract: Abstract Road network planning (or design) problems consist of determining the best investment decisions to be made with regard to the improvement of a road network. In this paper, we propose an optimization model for long-term interurban road network planning where accessibility and robustness objectives are simultaneously taken into account. Three network robustness measures were defined to assess different robustness concerns: network spare capacity; city evacuation capacity; and network vulnerability. The results that may be obtained from the application of the model are illustrated for three random networks. Special attention is given to the implications of adopting each one of the robustness measures upon the optimum solution provided by the model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 297-313 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003732375 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003732375 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:3:p:297-313 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chao-Chung Kang Author-X-Name-First: Chao-Chung Author-X-Name-Last: Kang Author-Name: Cheng-Min Feng Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Min Author-X-Name-Last: Feng Author-Name: Chiu-Yen Kuo Author-X-Name-First: Chiu-Yen Author-X-Name-Last: Kuo Title: Using bi-level programming to analyze the royalty for private--public partnership projects: the operational quantity-based model Abstract: Abstract This paper develops a royalty negotiation model based on the operating quantity of Build, Operate, and Transfer (BOT) projects for both government and the private sector using a bi-level programming (BLP) approach. The royalty negotiation is one of many critical negotiation items of a concession contract. This study develops a royalty negotiation model to simulate the negotiation behavior of two parties, and derives the heuristic algorithm for the BLP problem. A number of factors are incorporated into this algorithm including the concession rate, the time value discount rate, the learning rate, and the number of negotiations. The paper includes a case study of the Taipei Port Container Logistic BOT Project. The results show that the two parties involved completed royalty negotiation at the sixth negotiation stage. The findings show that the government can receive a royalty from the concessionaire, calculated at 0.00386% of the operating quantity of this BOT project. Therefore, the royalty negotiation model developed here could be employed to explain negotiation behavior. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 315-328 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003732383 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003732383 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:3:p:315-328 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bin Yu Author-X-Name-First: Bin Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Jin-bao Yao Author-X-Name-First: Jin-bao Author-X-Name-Last: Yao Author-Name: Zhong-Zhen Yang Author-X-Name-First: Zhong-Zhen Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: An improved headway-based holding strategy for bus transit Abstract: Abstract This paper presents an improved headway-based holding strategy integrating bus transit travel and dwelling time prediction. A support vector machine-based (SVM) model is developed to predict the baseline travel and dwell times of buses based on recent data. In order to reduce prediction errors, an adaptive algorithm is used together with real-time bus operational information and estimated baseline times from SVM models. The objective of the improved holding strategy is to minimize the total waiting times of passengers at the current stop and at successive stops. Considering the time-varying features of bus running, a ‘forgetting factor’ is introduced to weight the most recent data and reduce the disturbance from unexpected incidents. Finally, the improved holding strategy proposed in this study is illustrated using the microscopic simulation model Paramics and some conclusions are drawn. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 329-341 Issue: 3 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081061003732417 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081061003732417 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:3:p:329-341 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nathalie Van Nuffel Author-X-Name-First: Nathalie Author-X-Name-Last: Van Nuffel Author-Name: Piet Saey Author-X-Name-First: Piet Author-X-Name-Last: Saey Author-Name: Ben Derudder Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Derudder Author-Name: Lomme Devriendt Author-X-Name-First: Lomme Author-X-Name-Last: Devriendt Author-Name: Frank Witlox Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox Title: Measuring hierarchical differentiation: connectivity and dominance in the European urban network Abstract: Abstract This paper presents an examination of the empirical merits of a set of spatial interaction indices for measuring hierarchical differentiation (i.e. dominance and connectivity) in a spatial network. To allow for the comparison of the degree of hierarchical differentiation in networks with different numbers of nodes/links, we propose to normalize the ratio between the real measures and the corresponding values for a rank size distribution in order to obtain readily interpretable measures of hierarchical differentiation. When applied to data on air passenger flows within Europe, the normalized indices, interpreted together, appear to give a good idea of the tendency toward hierarchical differentiation. The potential usefulness of this analytical framework is discussed in the context of studies on (transnational) inter-city relations and empirical assessments of changes in the spatial configuration of airline networks. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 343-366 Issue: 4 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.494028 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.494028 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:4:p:343-366 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Hodgson Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Hodgson Author-Name: Stephen Potter Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Potter Title: Refining light rapid transit typology: a UK perspective Abstract: Abstract Recent developments in the light rapid transit sector have introduced transit modes that are attempting to imitate the performance of others, e.g. buses with tram-like characteristics. The boundaries between existing definitions of what is a bus, tram or train are becoming blurred. For transport studies and practice this requires a review of how we define modes. This is not just a matter of semantics, but has safety and competition regulation implications for system operators. This paper proposes a structure to produce rail- and bus-based transit mode definitions and typology that are appropriate for modern use. A decision tree is used to classify and define the transit modes as guided-bus, trolley-bus, light rail and tram-train and is provided with example systems. The paper provides a robust definitional framework that allows transit system promoters, operators and other interested parties to have a consistent basis of reference when specifying and comparing rapid transit systems. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 367-384 Issue: 4 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.494029 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.494029 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:4:p:367-384 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George Yannis Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Yannis Author-Name: Eleonora Papadimitriou Author-X-Name-First: Eleonora Author-X-Name-Last: Papadimitriou Author-Name: Xenia Karekla Author-X-Name-First: Xenia Author-X-Name-Last: Karekla Author-Name: Efrosyni Kontodima Author-X-Name-First: Efrosyni Author-X-Name-Last: Kontodima Title: Mobile phone use by young drivers: effects on traffic speed and headways Abstract: Abstract This paper investigates the effects of mobile phone use while driving on traffic speed and headways, with particular focus on young drivers. For this purpose, a field survey was carried out in real road traffic conditions, in which drivers' speeds and headways were measured while using or not using a mobile phone. The survey took place within a University Campus area, allowing to distinguish between settings approximating to either free flow or interrupted flow conditions. Linear and loglinear regression methods were used to investigate the effects of mobile phone use and several other young driver characteristics, such as gender, driving experience and annual distance travelled, on vehicle speeds and headways. Separate models were developed for average free flow, interrupted flow, as well as for total average speed. Results show that mobile phone use leads to a statistically significant reduction in traffic speeds of young drivers in all types of traffic conditions. Furthermore, male and female drivers reduce their speed similarly when using a mobile phone while driving. However, male drivers using their mobile phone drive at lower speeds than female drivers not using their mobile phones. Sensitivity analysis revealed that, among all explanatory variables, the effect of mobile phone use on speed was most important. Accordingly, vehicle headways appear to increase for drivers using their mobile phone. However, this effect could not be statistically validated, due to the strong correlation between speed and headway. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 385-394 Issue: 4 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.494030 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.494030 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:4:p:385-394 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pei-Chun Lin Author-X-Name-First: Pei-Chun Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Author-Name: Tai Chiu Edwin Cheng Author-X-Name-First: Tai Chiu Edwin Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng Author-Name: Juo-Yi Chang Author-X-Name-First: Juo-Yi Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Author-Name: Jenhung Wang Author-X-Name-First: Jenhung Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Optimal tank-trailer routing using the ILOG constraint programming -- a Taiwan case study Abstract: Abstract This paper investigates the routing of pressurized tank trailers and proposes a scheduling plan which ensures the practical delivery of industrial gases under the objective of reducing transportation costs. Using constraint programming, we solve a combinatorial optimization problem that incorporates both hard and soft constraints for routing and scheduling tank trailers. Hard constraints are resource and safety/regulation constraints, whereas soft constraints are utilization and efficiency constraints. This approach enables tank-trailer routing and scheduling management to consider different combinations of parameters and view the results in ‘real-time.’ The routing and scheduling results based on a case study in Taiwan fulfil the goals of avoiding risks associated with transporting industrial gases, and attaining efficient delivery while conforming to regulations and consistent with good business practice. The results also suggest that significant economies in distribution costs are possible. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 395-406 Issue: 4 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.494031 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.494031 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:4:p:395-406 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zheng Li Author-X-Name-First: Zheng Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: John M. Rose Author-X-Name-First: John M. Author-X-Name-Last: Rose Author-Name: David Hensher Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher Title: Forecasting petrol demand and assessing the impact of selective strategies to reduce fuel consumption Abstract: Abstract The use of fossil fuels in transportation is an important topic as a result of growing concerns over global warming. Automobile petrol demand has been of particular interest to researchers and policy-makers, given that the automobile is a major contributor to the enhanced greenhouse effect. This paper forecasts Australia's automobile petrol demand up to the year 2020 based on the best performing forecasting model selected out of eight models. In order to establish ways to reduce the demand for petrol, and the consequent by-product of reducing the amount of greenhouse gas emissions, we have estimated the impact on CO2 for several potential policy instruments, using Transportation and Environment Strategy Impact Simulator (an integrated transport, land use and environmental strategy impact simulation programme). We find that a carbon tax of AU$0.50/kg can reduce automobile kilometres by 5.9%, resulting in reduced demand for petrol and a reduction in CO2 of 1.5%. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 407-421 Issue: 5 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.502373 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.502373 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:5:p:407-421 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ergün Eraslan Author-X-Name-First: Ergün Author-X-Name-Last: Eraslan Author-Name: Tusan Derya Author-X-Name-First: Tusan Author-X-Name-Last: Derya Title: Daily newspaper distribution planning with integer programming: an application in Turkey Abstract: Abstract This paper concerns the newspaper distribution problem. It addresses the transportation of newspapers from printing plant to newsagents with distribution vehicles under various particular constraints. The objective is to minimize the distance traveled by the vehicles and/or the number of vehicles. In this study, the routes for vehicles of a leading newspaper distributor company in the Turkish press sector are examined. The problem is defined as determining optimal delivery routes for a fleet of homogeneous vehicles, starting and ending at the printing plant that is required to serve a number of geographically dispersed newsagents with known demands under capacity and time constraints, while minimizing the total distribution cost. An integar linear programming model is proposed as a solution using Cplex. Computational results demonstrate that the proposed model is fast and able to find optimal solutions for problem scenarios with up to 55 newsagents within reasonable computing times. It was found that the proposed model reduced the delivery cost by 21% on average when compared to the current manual method. The results show that this model is adequate for medium-sized distribution problems. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 423-433 Issue: 5 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.502374 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.502374 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:5:p:423-433 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Simões Author-X-Name-First: P. Author-X-Name-Last: Simões Author-Name: R.C. Marques Author-X-Name-First: R.C. Author-X-Name-Last: Marques Title: Seaport performance analysis using robust non-parametric efficiency estimators Abstract: Abstract Seaport services have been developing year on year, playing an increasingly important role in the economy and the transportation markets of each country. This increases interest in measuring their performance. This paper evaluates the performance of a set of European seaports by means of robust non-parametric approaches. Using order-m and bootstrap procedures, the major problems of traditional data envelopment analysis and free disposal hull methods -- concerning noise, presence of outliers and the ‘curse of dimensionality’ -- are overcome. With this study considerable levels of inefficiency were found in the European seaports sector. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 435-451 Issue: 5 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.502375 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.502375 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:5:p:435-451 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Samia Islam Author-X-Name-First: Samia Author-X-Name-Last: Islam Title: An examination of the differential impact of highway capital investment on economically disparate Appalachian counties in the USA Abstract: Abstract The economic performance of Appalachian counties in the USA varies substantially across the region. The Appalachian Regional Commission has divided the 410 counties into four major categories: distressed, transitional, competitive, and attainment. This paper applies spatial models that account for spatial interdependence to evaluate the impact of Appalachian highways on economically disparate counties. Using a spatial autoregressive model in a production function framework, it is found that distressed counties gain from highways whereas competitive counties actually suffer from a negative backwash effect that tends to draw productive activity away from these counties into neighboring counties. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 453-464 Issue: 5 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.502376 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.502376 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:5:p:453-464 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Catherine Morency Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Morency Author-Name: Martin Trépanier Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Trépanier Author-Name: Daniel Piché Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Piché Author-Name: Robert Chapleau Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Chapleau Title: Bridging the gap between complex data and decision-makers: an example of an innovative interactive tool Abstract: Abstract The increasing capacity of technological tools, as well as the advent of geographic information systems, has multiplied the ability to process large sets of microdata. At the same time, modeling concerns and the quest for a more in-depth understanding of individual behaviors is requiring more, and better, data. The gap between scientific modeling and informational tools for decision-making seems to be widening. In the Greater Montreal area, large sets of microdata have been available for more than 30 years. Along with the development of modeling and planning tools, particular attention has been given to the continuous enlightening of planners and decision-makers with respect to the outcomes of the various surveys. This has led to the development of particular interactive tools, specifically addressed at local planners, which present the most significant information regarding travel and demography, for geopolitically relevant areas. This paper presents the most recent interactive tool that has been developed for local planners in the Montreal area. It integrates information from both the most recent travel survey held in the region and the Canadian census. It offers both ease of use and relevant analytical means to assist in exploring the complex relations between spatial locations, demographic features, and activity-travel indicators. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 465-479 Issue: 6 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.505046 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.505046 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:6:p:465-479 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milica Šelmić Author-X-Name-First: Milica Author-X-Name-Last: Šelmić Author-Name: Dušan Teodorović Author-X-Name-First: Dušan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorović Author-Name: Katarina Vukadinović Author-X-Name-First: Katarina Author-X-Name-Last: Vukadinović Title: Locating inspection facilities in traffic networks: an artificial intelligence approach Abstract: Abstract In order for traffic authorities to attempt to prevent drink driving, check truck weight limits, driver hours and service regulations, hazardous leaks from trucks, and vehicle equipment safety, we need to find answers to the following questions: (a) What should be the total number of inspection stations in the traffic network? and (b) Where should these facilities be located? This paper develops a model to determine the locations of uncapacitated inspection stations in a traffic network. We analyze two different model formulations: a single-objective optimization problem and a multi-objective optimization problem. The problems are solved by the Bee Colony Optimization (BCO) method. The BCO algorithm belongs to the class of stochastic swarm optimization methods, inspired by the foraging habits of bees in the natural environment. The BCO algorithm is able to obtain the optimal value of objective functions in all test problems. The CPU times required to find the best solutions by the BCO are found to be acceptable. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 481-493 Issue: 6 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.505047 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.505047 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:6:p:481-493 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven Chien Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Chien Author-Name: Jongho Byun Author-X-Name-First: Jongho Author-X-Name-Last: Byun Author-Name: Athanassios Bladikas Author-X-Name-First: Athanassios Author-X-Name-Last: Bladikas Title: Optimal stop spacing and headway of congested transit system considering realistic wait times Abstract: Abstract This paper revisits the classical transit scheduling problem and investigates the relationship between stop spacing and headway, considering realistic wait time and operable transit capacity. Headway and stop spacing are important determinants for planning a transit system, which influence the service level as well as the cost of operation. A mathematical model is developed, and the objective function is user travel time which is minimized by the optimized stop spacing and headway, subject to the constraints of operable fleet size and route capacity. Optimal stop spacing and headway solutions are obtained in a numerical example. Sensitivity analysis is conducted, and the effect of model parameters on user travel time is explored. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 495-513 Issue: 6 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.505048 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.505048 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:6:p:495-513 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gonçalo Correia Author-X-Name-First: Gonçalo Author-X-Name-Last: Correia Author-Name: José Manuel Viegas Author-X-Name-First: José Manuel Author-X-Name-Last: Viegas Title: Applying a structured simulation-based methodology to assess carpooling time--space potential Abstract: Abstract Increasing urban traffic congestion calls for the study of alternative measures. One such measure is carpooling, a system in which a person shares his private vehicle with one or more people in a commuter trip. In principle, this system could lead to potentially significant reductions in the use of private vehicles; however, in practice it has achieved limited success. In this paper, we apply a simulation-based methodology that uses aggregated data from commuter trips in an urban area to create compatible and feasible random trips. These are then analyzed through a heuristic process recursively to find grouping possibilities, thus producing indicators of carpooling potential such as the percentage of matched trips. Using this methodology, simulations are run for the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Portugal) and results show that an increase in the number of participants in a carpooling scheme will only increase the probability of matching up to a certain point, and that this probability varies significantly with time--space trip attributes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 515-540 Issue: 6 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.505053 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.505053 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:6:p:515-540 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Guihua Wang Author-X-Name-First: Guihua Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: The role of light duty vehicles in future air pollution: a case study of Sacramento Abstract: Abstract On-road light-duty vehicles (LDVs) play an important role in contributing to urban air pollution. Although vehicles are getting cleaner, regional growth in vehicle population and vehicle miles traveled would somewhat offset California's efforts in transportation pollution reduction. To better understand the role of LDVs in future air pollution, we conduct a case study for Sacramento, California, and investigate future trends in urban air pollution attributable to the light-duty fleet. Results indicate that ambient concentrations of CO, NO x , and total organic gases (TOGs) caused by future light-duty fleets would dramatically decrease over coming years. The resulting concentrations in 2030 might be as low as approximately 20% of the 2005 concentrations. These reflect the improvements in vehicle/fuel technologies and standards in California. However, the future particulate matter (PM10) pollution could be slightly worse than that caused by the 2005 fleet. This is a result of the growing fleet-average emission factors of particulates from 2005 to 2030. For purposes of future particulate control, more attention needs to be paid to LDVs, besides heavy-duty vehicles. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 541-549 Issue: 6 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.505056 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.505056 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:6:p:541-549 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hans Huber Author-X-Name-First: Hans Author-X-Name-Last: Huber Title: Statistical mechanics for analytic planning: an application to domestic air traffic in China Abstract: Abstract Statistical mechanics has shown its usefulness when assessing the topology of many networks, including those of infrastructure. Its principles take into account the large-scale and network-wide effects of changes in its key parameters, which in turn may provide critical input when planning for infrastructure projects. One objective would be to modify the pattern of capacity expansions inside a system to make it less exposed to local shortfalls in demand. To illustrate our point, we shall use domestic air traffic in China; airports are spatially distributed and they also need to respond to the potential demand that they face locally. Airlines that control parts of the traffic system are identified as agents. A relationship between the agent's behavior and the system-wide level of variance in traffic flows can be established by regression analysis. It is shown how intervention on these agents would reduce negative traffic variance while enhancing a more balanced, less costly growth of the system itself. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 551-567 Issue: 7 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.512214 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.512214 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:7:p:551-567 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elton Fernandes Author-X-Name-First: Elton Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandes Author-Name: Ricardo Rodrigues Pacheco Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo Rodrigues Author-X-Name-Last: Pacheco Title: The causal relationship between GDP and domestic air passenger traffic in Brazil Abstract: Abstract This paper examines the causal relationship between economic growth and domestic air passenger transport in Brazil, using Granger's causality test. Total domestic passenger-kilometres are used as a proxy for air transport demand and gross domestic product as a proxy for economic growth. The test spans the period from 1966 to 2006. The results lead to the acceptance of the hypothesis that there is a unidirectional Granger causal relationship from economic growth to domestic air transport demand in Brazil, having a high elasticity in the short term. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 569-581 Issue: 7 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.512217 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.512217 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:7:p:569-581 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xueming Chen Author-X-Name-First: Xueming Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: Retrospect and prospect for subarea travel demand modeling: an empirical study Abstract: Abstract At present, customized subarea models have been widely used in local transportation planning throughout the USA. A subarea model's biggest strengths lie in its more detailed and accurate modeling outputs which better meet local planning requirements. In addition, a subarea model can substantially reduce database size and model running time. In spite of these advantages, subarea models remain quite weak in modeling transit projects, smart growth measures, air quality conformity, and other areas. In addition to evaluating subarea models, this paper uses the Irvine Transportation Analysis Model (ITAM) as an empirical case of subarea model to illustrate the remedial procedures in maintaining its consistency with the regional model of the Orange County Transportation Analysis Model (OCTAM). Looking into the future, subarea models face both opportunities and challenges. More GIS applications, travel surveys, micro-simulation software utilization, and modeling improvements are expected to be incorporated into the subarea modeling process. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 583-603 Issue: 7 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.512219 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.512219 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:7:p:583-603 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven I.-Jy Chien Author-X-Name-First: Steven I.-Jy Author-X-Name-Last: Chien Author-Name: Yavuz Y. Ulusoy Author-X-Name-First: Yavuz Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Ulusoy Author-Name: Chien-Hung Wei Author-X-Name-First: Chien-Hung Author-X-Name-Last: Wei Title: Integrated transit services for minimum cost operation considering heterogeneous demand Abstract: Abstract In large metropolitan areas, public transit is a major mode choice of commuters for their daily travel, which has an important role in relieving congestion on transportation corridors. The purpose of this study is to develop a model which optimizes service patterns (SPs) and frequencies that yield minimum cost transit operation. Considering a general transit route with given stops and origin-destination demand, the proposed model consists of an objective total cost function and a set of constraints to ensure frequency conservation and sufficient capacity subject to operable fleet size. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed model, in which the demand and facility data of a rail transit route were given. Results show that the proposed model can be applied to optimize integrated SPs and headways that significantly reduce the total cost, while the resulting performance indicators are generated. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 605-624 Issue: 7 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.512222 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.512222 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:7:p:605-624 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nam H. Vu Author-X-Name-First: Nam H. Author-X-Name-Last: Vu Author-Name: Ata M. Khan Author-X-Name-First: Ata M. Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Title: Bus running time prediction using a statistical pattern recognition technique Abstract: Abstract Given that real-time bus arrival information is viewed positively by passengers of public transit, it is useful to enhance the methodological basis for improving predictions. Specifically, data captured and communicated by intelligent systems are to be supplemented by reliable predictive travel time. This paper reports a model for real-time prediction of urban bus running time that is based on statistical pattern recognition technique, namely locally weighted scatter smoothing. Given a pattern that characterizes the conditions for which bus running time is being predicted, the trained model automatically searches through the historical patterns which are the most similar to the current pattern and on that basis, the prediction is made. For training and testing of the methodology, data retrieved from the automatic vehicle location and automatic passenger counter systems of OC Transpo (Ottawa, Canada) were used. A comparison with other methodologies shows enhanced predictive capability. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 625-642 Issue: 7 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.512225 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.512225 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:7:p:625-642 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eric J. Gonzales Author-X-Name-First: Eric J. Author-X-Name-Last: Gonzales Author-Name: Nikolas Geroliminis Author-X-Name-First: Nikolas Author-X-Name-Last: Geroliminis Author-Name: Michael J. Cassidy Author-X-Name-First: Michael J. Author-X-Name-Last: Cassidy Author-Name: Carlos F. Daganzo Author-X-Name-First: Carlos F. Author-X-Name-Last: Daganzo Title: On the allocation of city space to multiple transport modes Abstract: Abstract This paper analyzes urban multimodal transportation systems in an aggregated way. To describe the aggregate behavior of traffic in cities, use is made of an idea that is now receiving some attention: the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD). We demonstrate through simulation how the MFD can be used to monitor and control a real network, in this case a portion of San Francisco, using readily available input data. We then show how different modes interact on the same network and discuss how these interactions might be incorporated into an MFD for multimodal networks. The work unveils two main results: first, it confirms recent results showing that restricting access to a city's congested areas can improve mobility for all travelers, including those who endure the restrictions; and second, that dedicating street space to collective transport modes can improve accessibility for all modes, even those from which space is taken away. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 643-656 Issue: 8 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.527171 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.527171 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:8:p:643-656 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gan Hong-cheng Author-X-Name-First: Gan Author-X-Name-Last: Hong-cheng Author-Name: Ye Xin Author-X-Name-First: Ye Author-X-Name-Last: Xin Author-Name: Wang Qing Author-X-Name-First: Wang Author-X-Name-Last: Qing Title: Investigating the effect of travel time variability on drivers' route choice decisions in Shanghai, China Abstract: Abstract This paper investigates the effect of travel time variability on drivers' route choice behavior in the context of Shanghai, China. A stated preference survey is conducted to collect drivers' hypothetical choice between two alternative routes with designated unequal travel time and travel time variability. A binary choice model is developed to quantify trade-offs between travel time and travel time variability across various types of drivers. In the model, travel time and travel time variability are, respectively, measured by expectation and standard deviation of random travel time. The model shows that travel time and travel time variability on a route exert similarly negative effects on drivers' route choice behavior. In particular, it is found that middle-age drivers are more sensitive to travel time variability and less likely to choose a route with travel time uncertainty than younger and elder drivers. In addition, it is shown that taxi drivers are more sensitive to travel time and more inclined to choose a route with less travel time. Drivers with rich driving experience are less likely to choose a route with travel time uncertainty. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 657-669 Issue: 8 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.527172 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.527172 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:8:p:657-669 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David C. Broadstock Author-X-Name-First: David C. Author-X-Name-Last: Broadstock Author-Name: Alan Collins Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Collins Author-Name: Lester C. Hunt Author-X-Name-First: Lester C. Author-X-Name-Last: Hunt Title: Modelling car trip generations for UK residential developments using data from TRICS Abstract: Abstract This paper models trip generation for a cross-section of residential developments around the UK. Consistent with recent literature, the empirical model tests whether trip making patterns for residential developments are independent of car ownership and finds that trip generation is dependent upon car ownership socio-economic factors and site-specific characteristics, in particular land-zone type (e.g. town centre, out of town, etc.). However, public transport services are not found to have a significant relationship with trip generation; consequently, a policy implication of the results is that increasing bus services to residential developments is not associated with a reduction in generated trips. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 671-678 Issue: 8 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.527175 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.527175 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:8:p:671-678 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael J. Clay Author-X-Name-First: Michael J. Author-X-Name-Last: Clay Title: Developing an integrated land-use/transportation model for small to medium-sized cities: case study of Montgomery, Alabama Abstract: Abstract Many large cities and regions are currently developing integrated land-use and transportation models for the first time. They are doing so in response to needs expressed by their constituents and to shifts in national policy that require consistency between local land-use plans and regional transportation plans. In addition, these models offer the ability to conduct a wide variety of scenario testing for both infrastructure and policy alternatives. The magnitude of commitment in both human and financial resources to develop these integrated models has typically been large, which has hitherto limited the application of these models to larger cities and regions. The purpose of this paper is to present the integrated land-use and transport model development project being undertaken by the Montgomery, Alabama, Area Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO, regional pop. ~300,000) as a case study for other small to medium-sized MPOs interested in developing one of these modeling systems. Several items of broad interest are presented, including the model selection process and criteria, a description of an ‘Agile’ iterative development process, a set of data requirements and how these data were obtained, a description of the model calibration process, and conclusions and recommendations for other cities and regions seeking to replicate this process. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 679-693 Issue: 8 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.527178 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.527178 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:8:p:679-693 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Morales-Fusco Author-X-Name-First: P. Author-X-Name-Last: Morales-Fusco Author-Name: S. Saurí Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Saurí Author-Name: B. Spuch Author-X-Name-First: B. Author-X-Name-Last: Spuch Title: Quality indicators and capacity calculation for RoRo terminals Abstract: Abstract Road freight transportation has increased dramatically over recent years along with its impacts such as congestion, noise, and pollution. As a result, European and US governments have started policies to promote alternatives to road transportation, such as logistic chains containing a Short Sea Shipping (SSS) link. Road is, by definition, a more flexible means of transportation than shipping, which is usually cheaper. Therefore, to move traffic to SSS chains, it is necessary to provide fast, frequent, and reliable maritime transportation. In this sense, roll-on/roll-off (RoRo) vessels are the most convenient ships to be used, since they have smaller dwell times in port and, therefore, this is a kind of traffic likely to increase dramatically. The foreseeable increase of this kind of traffic must meet with an increase in the actual capacity by means of either improvement in performance and possible enlargements of existing terminals or the construction of new terminals. In that sense, this paper proposes a simple methodology to calculate the capacity of a RoRo terminal, whether already in operation or during its design process, and relate it to some quality standards by means of quality indicators, which should lead to the definition of Levels of Service similar to those already used in roads and airports. The paper ends by applying the methodology to a real terminal in Barcelona, Spain. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 695-717 Issue: 8 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.527179 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.527179 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:8:p:695-717 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steve Engelen Author-X-Name-First: Steve Author-X-Name-Last: Engelen Author-Name: Wout Dullaert Author-X-Name-First: Wout Author-X-Name-Last: Dullaert Title: Designing a decision support model for the LNG market Abstract: Abstract As the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) market is supply-driven and subject to long-term contracts, both liquefaction companies and shipowners need to make strategic decisions on fleet chartering requirements. These planning decisions become ever more difficult in light of the transformations permeating the LNG market, propelling into a more competitive market with more flexible trades and expanding spot markets. The overcapacity of LNG ships during 2008--2009 triggered by massive overcontracting is a good case in point where the use of decision support models would have been beneficial, especially considering the fortunes and risks at stake. In this paper we present an LNG shipping model that effectively supports decision-making in practice. To demonstrate the value added of the model, we study the implications of LNG project delays and increased decommissioning of ships with respect to market balance and fleet requirements. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 719-731 Issue: 8 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.527183 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.527183 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:8:p:719-731 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P.E. Canning Author-X-Name-First: P.E. Author-X-Name-Last: Canning Author-Name: S.J. Hughes Author-X-Name-First: S.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Hughes Author-Name: E.E. Hellawell Author-X-Name-First: E.E. Author-X-Name-Last: Hellawell Author-Name: B.C.M. Gatersleben Author-X-Name-First: B.C.M. Author-X-Name-Last: Gatersleben Author-Name: C.J. Fairhead Author-X-Name-First: C.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Fairhead Title: Reasons for participating in formal employer-led carpool schemes as perceived by their users Abstract: Abstract Carpooling, the process by which individuals share a private vehicle for a particular journey or journeys, has been undertaken both formally and informally for a great number of years. A variety of computational methods for undertaking the ‘ride-matching’ element for the formation of carpools have been developed and subsequently made into integrated tools to allow the formation of multiple carpools. Such tools are commonly used by both Local Authorities and employers who are looking to establish and operate their own formal carpool scheme, increasingly using a web-based interface. The aim of this paper is to understand how users enrolled with employer-led carpool schemes perceive the importance of several different factors in their decision to participate. It is a further aim to determine the importance they attach to employer provided priority parking spaces. A survey-based approach investigates the perceptions of users from six different employer operated carpool schemes in the UK. The paper suggests that saving money was perceived as the most important reason for an individual's decision to use a formal employer-led carpool scheme -- even amongst carpool schemes where the employer provides significant incentives to participate. No regular access to their own vehicle and ‘more sociable travel’ were generally perceived as less important reasons to participate. For employers who offer priority parking to carpoolers, this was generally valued as important by participants, even when the employment location did not have significant parking pressures. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 733-745 Issue: 8 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.536627 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.536627 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:8:p:733-745 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hyunmyung Kim Author-X-Name-First: Hyunmyung Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: R. Jayakrishnan Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Jayakrishnan Title: The estimation of a time-dependent OD trip table with vehicle trajectory samples Abstract: Abstract In this paper we discuss a dynamic origin--destination (OD) estimation problem that has been used for identifying time-dependent travel demand on a road network. Even though a dynamic OD table is an indispensable data input for executing a dynamic traffic assignment, it is difficult to construct using the conventional OD construction method such as the four-step model. For this reason, a direct estimation method based on field traffic data such as link traffic counts has been used. However, the method does not account for a logical relationship between a travel demand pattern and socioeconomic attributes. In addition, the OD estimation method cannot guarantee the reliability of estimated results since the OD estimation problem has a property named the ‘underdetermined problem.’ In order to overcome such a problem, the method developed in this paper makes use of vehicle trajectory samples with link traffic counts. The new method is applied to numerical examples and shows promising capability for identifying a temporal and spatial travel demand pattern. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 747-768 Issue: 8 Volume: 33 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2010.536629 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2010.536629 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:33:y:2010:i:8:p:747-768 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Author-Name: Jon Shaw Author-X-Name-First: Jon Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw Title: Universities' Transport Studies Group UK Annual Conference 2010 Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-2 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.534603 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.534603 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:1:p:1-2 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R.E. Wilson Author-X-Name-First: R.E. Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson Author-Name: J.A. Ward Author-X-Name-First: J.A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ward Title: Car-following models: fifty years of linear stability analysis -- a mathematical perspective Abstract: Abstract A general framework for car-following models is developed and its linear stability properties are analysed. The concepts of uniform flow, platoon stability and string stability are introduced and criteria which test for them are developed. Finally, string instability is divided into absolute, convective upstream and convective downstream sub-classes, and a procedure is developed to distinguish between them. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 3-18 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.530826 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.530826 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2010:i:1:p:3-18 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucy Budd Author-X-Name-First: Lucy Author-X-Name-Last: Budd Author-Name: Adam Warren Author-X-Name-First: Adam Author-X-Name-Last: Warren Author-Name: Morag Bell Author-X-Name-First: Morag Author-X-Name-Last: Bell Title: Safeguarding public health at UK airports: an examination of current health security practices Abstract: Abstract In response to the H1N1 influenza outbreak and the role of air travel in facilitating the virus's rapid spread around the world, this paper contributes to debates concerning the governance of commercial aviation and infectious disease by examining the role of the Port Health Regulations and associated health security practices that are enacted at UK airports. Drawing on extensive action research and in-depth interviews that were conducted with key stakeholders in the aviation and health care sectors (including airport managers, ‘front-line’ customer-facing airline staff and public health clinicians) during the spring and early summer of 2009, we chart the development of sanitary regulations at UK airports and explore the challenges of performing health security screening at individual sites. In so doing, we identify a number of challenges that are associated with safeguarding public health against the dissemination of infectious diseases by air travel through UK airports. We also suggest that policy transfer may represent an effective mechanism through which best practice procedures from airports overseas could be adapted and incorporated in the UK. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 19-33 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.530827 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.530827 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2010:i:1:p:19-33 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Geoff Dudley Author-X-Name-First: Geoff Author-X-Name-Last: Dudley Author-Name: Phil Goodwin Author-X-Name-First: Phil Author-X-Name-Last: Goodwin Author-Name: Glenn Lyons Author-X-Name-First: Glenn Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons Author-Name: Charles Musselwhite Author-X-Name-First: Charles Author-X-Name-Last: Musselwhite Author-Name: Peter Wiltshire Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Wiltshire Title: Lost in translation: problems in interpreting business attitudes to transport Abstract: Abstract This paper reviews available UK evidence on (private sector) business attitudes to transport. It follows a 2008 review of public attitudes to transport, and provides an important frame of reference for considering business attitudes. Accordingly the current paper includes comparisons between public and business attitudes. There are some prima facie similarities between public and business attitudes in relation to congestion, the order of importance of transport attributes (especially reliability), stated conditions for support of road pricing, public transport, travel plans, telecommunications and some issues of reducing travel. There are, however, some differences also: transport concerns are less ubiquitous, less attention is given to the environmental concerns associated with road building and there is less attention to wider government goals such as equity, health, social welfare and the environment. However, both similarities and differences may be misleading, as research on business attitudes is less disciplined, and there are no well-established theoretical frameworks (such as exist for individual attitudes) for understanding attitudes, when applied to the corporate views of a commercial body. In essence, many of the business attitudes reports are framed as lobbying material yet, paradoxically, there can be considerable ambiguity attached to the meanings of business attitudes, that in turn can be partially attributed to doubts as to whether responses represent individual or corporate attitudes. As a result, it is very difficult, from the existing evidence, to interpret a clear and coherent view or set of views of business on transport issues. The authors suggest some protocols, with the aim of improving research methods that, if implemented, could help improve the credibility and clarity of claims to represent the ‘voice (or, more realistically, voices) of business’. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 35-50 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.530828 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.530828 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2010:i:1:p:35-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joan Harvey Author-X-Name-First: Joan Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey Author-Name: Simon Heslop Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Heslop Author-Name: Neil Thorpe Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Thorpe Title: The categorisation of drivers in relation to boredom Abstract: Abstract This paper develops the concept of driver boredom by utilising a cluster analysis to describe different types of driver. A two-step cluster analysis of a 49-item questionnaire measuring driver boredom attitudes and perceptions was performed on 1563 UK drivers, yielding four groups, labelled as ‘young, inattentive and dangerous’, ‘enthusiastic and attentive’, ‘slow and unwilling’ and ‘safe and experienced’. These clusters are compared to ascertain personality and affect differences and whether or not there are different crash and penalty histories. The significant differences found enable the clusters to be seen in wider terms than simply boredom; they are considered in terms of theories of flow and arousal and also in light of previous attempts to classify driver types. This paper reports analyses that are part of a larger study of driver boredom. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 51-69 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2010 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.530829 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.530829 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2010:i:1:p:51-69 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mike Maher Author-X-Name-First: Mike Author-X-Name-Last: Maher Title: A comparison of the use of the cell transmission and platoon dispersion models in TRANSYT 13 Abstract: Abstract The TRANSYT software, developed by the UK's Transport Research Laboratory (TRL), has been used for optimising signal timings in signalised networks for over 40 years. It consists of a deterministic, macroscopic traffic model that evaluates the performance index (PI) for any given set of timings x and an optimiser that seeks to minimise the PI and hence find the optimal timings x*. The conventional platoon dispersion model in TRANSYT has the well-known weakness of treating queues as if they stacked vertically at the stop-line, and hence does not model ‘blocking back’. However, the latest version, TRANSYT-13, offers an alternative form of traffic model, the cell transmission model, which models the spatial extent of queues, and should be more accurate, especially in networks with closely spaced intersections. The paper investigates the sensitivity of the resulting optimal signal timings to the choice of traffic model, through application of TRANSYT-13 to a 6-arm signalised motorway roundabout. The objective is to measure the benefit from using the improved traffic model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 71-85 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2010 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.530830 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.530830 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2010:i:1:p:71-85 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alexandros Nikitas Author-X-Name-First: Alexandros Author-X-Name-Last: Nikitas Author-Name: Erel Avineri Author-X-Name-First: Erel Author-X-Name-Last: Avineri Author-Name: Graham Parkhurst Author-X-Name-First: Graham Author-X-Name-Last: Parkhurst Title: Older people's attitudes to road charging: are they distinctive and what are the implications for policy? Abstract: Abstract In an ageing society older people have a growing influence on politics in general, and potentially on the acceptability of road charging in particular. They face specific types of risk of transport-related social exclusion which may influence their views on charging, although there is also evidence to suggest that older people favour, more than any other age group, what is positively valued by society -- a process known as ‘pro-social value orientation’. Family and friends may also affect older people's considerations about their intentions and choices -- thus the importance of studying the influence of ‘social norms’ on older people's attitudes to road charging. The paper develops our understanding of these issues, based on the findings of a quantitative survey conducted in Bristol, UK. Evidence indicates that the attitudes of older people to road charging do differ from those of younger people and that pro-social value orientations and social norms do contribute to the formation of these attitudes. It is concluded that the presence of pro-social attitude orientations assists in explaining why people assumed to be ‘natural supporters’ of charging schemes may hold negative attitudes, which underlines to scheme promoters the importance of understanding and overcoming strongly held, psychologically complex objections. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 87-108 Issue: 1 Volume: 34 Year: 2010 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.530831 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.530831 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2010:i:1:p:87-108 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Datu B. Agusdinata Author-X-Name-First: Datu B. Author-X-Name-Last: Agusdinata Author-Name: Donald N. Fry Author-X-Name-First: Donald N. Author-X-Name-Last: Fry Author-Name: Daniel A. Delaurentis Author-X-Name-First: Daniel A. Author-X-Name-Last: Delaurentis Title: Policies to deal with multimodal transport emissions: a system-of-systems approach Abstract: Abstract The complex and uncertain nature of dealing with multimodal transport emissions generates a need for appropriate methodology to support informed decision making. This paper presents a system-of-systems (SoS) approach that takes into account the complexity of a policy problem stemming from the interactions of multiple actors and technological artifacts. We discuss some SoS characteristics such as actor operational and managerial independency, the hierarchical and horizontal network of interdependencies among actors and artifacts, the emergent SoS behavior, and the presence of multiple sets of solutions for achieving an SoS objective. We illustrate such characteristics via the problem of assessing the carbon emission impact of on-demand air service and automobiles. Some preliminary results are presented regarding the impact of alternative fuels on carbon emissions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 109-123 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.554702 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.554702 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:2:p:109-123 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kenneth Button Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth Author-X-Name-Last: Button Author-Name: Álvaro Costa Author-X-Name-First: Álvaro Author-X-Name-Last: Costa Author-Name: Fabiene Costa Author-X-Name-First: Fabiene Author-X-Name-Last: Costa Author-Name: Carlos Cruz Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Author-X-Name-Last: Cruz Title: Problems of cost recovery by European airlines since market liberalization Abstract: Abstract The institutional background against which air transport is supplied has been changing rapidly. The initiation of market forces has led to lower fares, additional services, and more efficient airline companies as competitive pressures have grown. A major concern, however, is whether the resultant airline market is sustainable in the long-term. There have been periodic short-term shocks to the market, the most recent being the rapid rise in kerosene prices, but there are more fundamental issues concerning the possibility of excess competition being a generic feature of providing scheduled services in a competitive environment. Market stability is not easily tested, but some indicators can be explored to get better insights. Here we examine the fares offered in selected Portuguese air transport markets for 2005--2006 to assess the ability of carriers to recover their full costs -- a necessary condition for stability. In particular, the paper is concerned with the pressures of competition on the ability of airlines to increase the fares that they offer as the scheduled date of departure approaches; such fares contribute significantly to an airline's recovery of full costs. The evidence suggests that in many cases airlines cannot, when confronted by competition, extract additional revenues from last minute, low-price elasticity passengers and that this could reduce the economic sustainability of some services in Europe. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 125-138 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.554703 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.554703 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:2:p:125-138 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ryan Fries Author-X-Name-First: Ryan Author-X-Name-Last: Fries Author-Name: Mashrur Chowdhury Author-X-Name-First: Mashrur Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury Author-Name: Yongchang Ma Author-X-Name-First: Yongchang Author-X-Name-Last: Ma Author-Name: Liz Stephen Author-X-Name-First: Liz Author-X-Name-Last: Stephen Title: Evaluation of different contraflow strategies for hurricane evacuation in Charleston, South Carolina Abstract: Abstract Limited specific evidence is available on the effectiveness of using contraflow as an evacuation traffic management tool. This study was conducted to determine the best combination of strategy options for evacuating Charleston, SC, along route I-26 during the event of a hurricane or other events. PARAMICS microscopic traffic simulator was used to evaluate the impact of each combination of evacuee response timing and traffic control strategy, such as contraflow, with respect to average vehicular travel time and evacuation duration. Analysis revealed the combination of management strategies that created the lowest evacuation durations and travel times for several types of anticipated evacuee responses. Furthermore, a proposed reconfiguration of the I-526/I-26 interchange for contraflow operations produced additional savings in travel times and evacuation durations. These findings support the use of all lanes for contraflow during all evacuations and provide justification to examine a possible reconfiguration of the I-526/I-26 interchange for use during evacuations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 139-154 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.554706 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.554706 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:2:p:139-154 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ioannis Tsapakis Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis Author-X-Name-Last: Tsapakis Author-Name: William H. Schneider Author-X-Name-First: William H. Author-X-Name-Last: Schneider Author-Name: Andrew P. Nichols Author-X-Name-First: Andrew P. Author-X-Name-Last: Nichols Title: Improving the estimation of total and direction-based heavy-duty vehicle annual average daily traffic Abstract: Abstract The estimation of annual average daily traffic (AADT) is an important parameter collected and maintained by all US departments of transportation. There have been many past research studies that have focused on ways to improve the estimation of AADT. This paper builds upon previous research and compares eight methods, both traditional and cluster-based methodologies, for aggregating monthly adjustment factors for heavy-duty vehicles (US Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) vehicle classes 4--13). In addition to the direct comparison between the methodologies, the results from the analysis of variance show at the 95% confidence level that the four cluster-based methods produce statistically lower variance and coefficient of variation over the more traditional approaches. In addition to these findings -- which are consistent with previous total volume studies -- further analysis is performed to compare total heavy-duty monthly adjustment factors, both directions of traffic, with direction-based monthly adjustment factors. The final results show that the variance as well as the coefficient of variation improve on average by 25% when directional aggregate monthly adjustment factors are used instead of total direction. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 155-166 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.554709 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.554709 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:2:p:155-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yannis Tyrinopoulos Author-X-Name-First: Yannis Author-X-Name-Last: Tyrinopoulos Title: Integrating vehicle positioning data in quality control programs in public transit: a European perspective Abstract: Abstract The purpose of this paper was to show how vehicle positioning data collected through global positioning systems (GPS) or similar applications can be used in quality control programs of public transit operators to better assess the quality and performance of transportation services, and improve them. The paper describes the concept of the integration between quality control programs and vehicle monitoring systems, presents a case study where the concept has been successfully implemented, and discusses the benefits from the adoption of such an approach. The implementation of the concept is characterized by efficiency, accuracy, reliability, and optimization: efficiency in terms of data flow; accuracy and reliability in terms of quality and performance indicator values; and optimization in terms of optimum use of the available information technology infrastructure. The paper places particular emphasis on aspects relating to the interface between urban transportation services, vehicle positioning technology, and policy-making. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 167-176 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.554711 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.554711 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:2:p:167-176 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brenda I. Bustillos Author-X-Name-First: Brenda I. Author-X-Name-Last: Bustillos Author-Name: Jeffrey Shelton Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey Author-X-Name-Last: Shelton Author-Name: Yi-Chang Chiu Author-X-Name-First: Yi-Chang Author-X-Name-Last: Chiu Title: Urban university campus transportation and parking planning through a dynamic traffic simulation and assignment approach Abstract: Abstract Many urban university campuses are considered major trip attractors. Considering the multimodal and complex nature of university campus transportation planning and operation, this paper proposes a dynamic traffic simulation and assignment analysis approach and demonstrates how such a methodology can be successfully applied. Central to the research is the estimation of trip origin--destinations and the calibration of a parking lot choice model. Dynamic simulation is utilized to simulate multiple modes of transportation within the transportation network while further assigning these modes with respect to various mode-specific roadway accessibilities. A multiple vehicle-class simulation analysis for planning purposes becomes a critical capability to predict how faculty and staff who once parked within the campus core choose other nearby alternate parking lots. The results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed approach in providing integrated and reliable solutions for challenging questions that face urban university campus planners and local transportation jurisdictions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 177-197 Issue: 2 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.554670 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.554670 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:2:p:177-197 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Constantinos Antoniou Author-X-Name-First: Constantinos Author-X-Name-Last: Antoniou Author-Name: Haris N. Koutsopoulos Author-X-Name-First: Haris N. Author-X-Name-Last: Koutsopoulos Author-Name: Moshe Ben-Akiva Author-X-Name-First: Moshe Author-X-Name-Last: Ben-Akiva Author-Name: Akhilendra S. Chauhan Author-X-Name-First: Akhilendra S. Author-X-Name-Last: Chauhan Title: Evaluation of diversion strategies using dynamic traffic assignment Abstract: Abstract A framework for the evaluation of the effectiveness of traffic diversion strategies for non-recurrent congestion, based on predictive guidance and using dynamic traffic assignment, is presented. Predictive guidance is based on a short-term prediction of traffic conditions, incorporating user reaction to information and guidance. A case study of the Lower Westchester County network in New York State, using DynaMIT-P, is presented to illustrate the application of the framework. DynaMIT-P is capable of evaluating diversion strategies based on predicted conditions, which take into account drivers’ response to traffic information. The case study simulates the operations of predictive variable message signs positioned in strategic locations. DynaMIT-P is calibrated for the study network and used to establish base conditions for two incident scenarios in the absence of advanced traveller information systems. The effectiveness of predictive diversion strategies is evaluated (using rigorous statistical tests) by comparing traffic conditions with and without diversion strategies. The empirical findings suggest that incident diversion strategies based on predictive guidance result in travel time savings and increased travel time reliability. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 199-216 Issue: 3 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.565168 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.565168 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:3:p:199-216 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hamideh Etemadnia Author-X-Name-First: Hamideh Author-X-Name-Last: Etemadnia Author-Name: Khaled Abdelghany Author-X-Name-First: Khaled Author-X-Name-Last: Abdelghany Title: A distributed origin--destination demand estimation approach for real-time traffic network management Abstract: Abstract This paper describes a distributed recursive heuristic approach for the origin--destination demand estimation problem for real-time traffic network management applications. The distributed nature of the heuristic enables its parallelization and hence reduces significantly its processing time. Furthermore, the heuristic reduces dependency on historical data that are typically used to map the observed link flows to their corresponding origin--destination pairs. In addition, the heuristic allows the incorporation of any available partial information on the demand distribution in the study area to improve the overall estimation accuracy. The heuristic is implemented following a hierarchal multi-threading mechanism. Dividing the study area into a set of subareas, the demand of every two adjacent subareas is merged in a separate thread. The merging operations continue until the demand for the entire study area is estimated. Experiments are conducted to examine the performance of the heuristic using hypothetical and real networks. The obtained results illustrate that the heuristic can achieve reasonable demand estimation accuracy while maintaining superiority in terms of processing time. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 217-230 Issue: 3 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.565169 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.565169 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:3:p:217-230 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thirayoot Limanond Author-X-Name-First: Thirayoot Author-X-Name-Last: Limanond Author-Name: Nrachai Tuntiworawit Author-X-Name-First: Nrachai Author-X-Name-Last: Tuntiworawit Title: Estimating arterial link speed using conventional road detectors Abstract: Abstract In response to an initiative to develop an advanced traffic information system in Bangkok, this paper explores practical guidelines for the optimal location of road sensors, such that the data collected on spot speeds reflect an entire link's average speed. In particular, the authors use microsimulation software to investigate optimal detector locations, using the sum of squared errors and root mean squared errors. The analysis hypothesizes that road segments are 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 km in length and are specially designed to replicate typical arterial streets in Bangkok. The results show that a single detector location can produce good estimates of link speed only for segments that are shorter than 1.0 km. For distances of 1.0 km or more, the results suggest that two detectors be used for good link speed estimates under all traffic conditions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 231-243 Issue: 3 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.565171 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.565171 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:3:p:231-243 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Hussain Author-X-Name-First: H. Author-X-Name-Last: Hussain Author-Name: R.S. Radin Umar Author-X-Name-First: R.S. Author-X-Name-Last: Radin Umar Author-Name: M.S. Ahmad Farhan Author-X-Name-First: M.S. Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmad Farhan Title: Establishing speed--flow--density relationships for exclusive motorcycle lanes Abstract: Abstract The motorcycle is a popular mode of transport in Malaysia and developing Asian countries, but its significant representation in the traffic mix results in high rates of motorcycle accidents. As a result, the Malaysian Government decided to segregate motorcycle traffic along its new federal roads as an engineering approach to reduce accidents. However, traffic engineers needed to know the maximum traffic a motorcycle lane could accommodate. Despite substantial literature related to speed--flow--density relationships and capacities of various transport facilities, there is a knowledge gap regarding motorcycle lanes. This paper establishes motorcycle speed--flow--density relationships and capacities of exclusive motorcycle lanes in Malaysia. Observations of motorcycle flows and speeds were conducted along existing and experimental motorcycle lanes. Motorcycle speed--density data were aggregated and plotted for two types of observable motorcycle riding behaviour patterns that were influenced by the widths of a motorcycle lane: the headway pattern (lane width ≤ 1.7 m) and the space pattern (lane width > 1.7 m). For both riding patterns, regression analysis of motorcycle speed--density data best fits the logarithmic model and consequently the motorcycle flow--density and speed--flow models are derived. Motorcycle lane capacities for headway and space riding patterns are estimated as 3300 mc/hr/lane and 2200 mc/hr/m, respectively. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 245-257 Issue: 3 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.565175 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.565175 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:3:p:245-257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Inger Beate Hovi Author-X-Name-First: Inger Beate Author-X-Name-Last: Hovi Author-Name: Anne Madslien Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Madslien Author-Name: Hanne Sjølie Author-X-Name-First: Hanne Author-X-Name-Last: Sjølie Author-Name: Birger Solberg Author-X-Name-First: Birger Author-X-Name-Last: Solberg Author-Name: Erik Trømborg Author-X-Name-First: Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Trømborg Author-Name: Knut Veisten Author-X-Name-First: Knut Author-X-Name-Last: Veisten Title: Impacts of combining partial and general equilibrium modelling in freight transport analyses -- a forest sector case study from Norway Abstract: Abstract The forest sector in Norway is very transport intensive, accounting for approximately 14% of total domestic freight transport traffic on Norwegian roads. This paper presents an analysis linking a general equilibrium freight transport modelling tool with a partial equilibrium model of the forest sector. The freight transport model predicts transport costs, modal split and transport patterns, and the results are treated as inputs to the forest sector model. The objective of the paper is to analyse the modelling effect of taking forest sector model effects back into the freight transport model and treated as new demand. Compared to a base scenario for the year 2020, we compare analyses with and without this new demand from the forest sector model back into the freight transport modelling tool. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 259-275 Issue: 3 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.565182 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.565182 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:3:p:259-275 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hsing-Chung Chu Author-X-Name-First: Hsing-Chung Author-X-Name-Last: Chu Title: An empirical study to determine freight travel time at a major port Abstract: Abstract This paper examines the reliability measures of freight travel time on urban arterials that provide access to an international seaport. The findings indicate that the reliability index calculated by the median of travel time, which is less sensitive to extreme values in a highly skewed distribution, is more appropriate. This paper also examines several statistical distributions of travel time to determine the best fit to the data of freight trips. The results of goodness-of-fit tests indicate that the log-logistic is the best statistical function for freight travel time during the midday off-peak period. However, the lognormal distribution represents a better fit to arterials with heavily congested traffic during peak periods. Additionally, travel time prediction models identify the relationships between travel time, speeds and other factors that affect travel time reliability. The analysis suggests that incident-induced delays and speed fluctuations primarily contributed to the unreliability of freight movement on the urban arterials. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 277-295 Issue: 3 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.565183 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.565183 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:3:p:277-295 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ingo Arne Hansen Author-X-Name-First: Ingo Arne Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen Title: Railway operations modelling and analysis: an introduction to the special issue Abstract: Abstract This special issue is based on a selection of the four best papers from the Third International Seminar on Railway Operations Modelling and Analysis held in Zurich from 11 to 13 February 2009. The papers have been selected and reviewed by Board and other senior members of the International Association of Railway Operations Research (IAROR) and subsequently revised by their authors. The authors and their papers come from universities in Sweden, The Netherlands, Italy, Switzerland and Portugal. They represent valuable contributions to the current state of scientific and professional knowledge in the area of railway operations that can stimulate the broader application and further development of advanced analytical, combinatorial and simulation models. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 297-299 Issue: 4 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.577149 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.577149 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:4:p:297-299 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O. Lindfeldt Author-X-Name-First: O. Author-X-Name-Last: Lindfeldt Title: An analysis of double-track railway line capacity Abstract: Abstract In Sweden, rail traffic is almost never separated according to speed. On several double-track lines the mix of heavy freight, regional and high speed trains imposes severe capacity problems. In order to evaluate the capacity for different traffic mixes, a combinatorial model -- Timetable Variant Evaluation Model (TVEM) -- has been developed. In this model both infrastructure and timetable are modelled as variables. Traffic is divided into train patterns according to a presumed regular timetable and then scheduled systematically in different time locations. The timetable variants are evaluated with regard to: mean values of capacity that give the number of trains/hr for the required mix, variance measures that show how the capacity depends on the timetable and scheduled delays that show the extension of run times imposed by overtaking. The paper shows how the important distance between adjacent overtaking stations can be sampled from Weibull distributions. TVEM has been used to evaluate three different operational cases with mixed traffic. The analysis shows that the impact on capacity from the infrastructure increases with speed difference and frequency of operation for passenger trains, while the importance of the infrastructure decreases when traffic is more heterogeneous. The impact from the timetable is strongest when the speed differences are low and/or the frequency of passenger trains is low. Capacity loss due to increased speed differences can be compensated for by additional overtaking stations. The slower trains suffer from a considerable increase in scheduled delays when speed differences increase. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 301-322 Issue: 4 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.577150 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.577150 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:4:p:301-322 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gabrio Caimi Author-X-Name-First: Gabrio Author-X-Name-Last: Caimi Author-Name: Marco Laumanns Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Laumanns Author-Name: Kaspar Schüpbach Author-X-Name-First: Kaspar Author-X-Name-Last: Schüpbach Author-Name: Stefan Wörner Author-X-Name-First: Stefan Author-X-Name-Last: Wörner Author-Name: Martin Fuchsberger Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Fuchsberger Title: The periodic service intention as a conceptual framework for generating timetables with partial periodicity Abstract: Abstract Many railway companies in Europe operate periodic timetables. Yet most timetables are not entirely periodic but have a mixture of different periodicities and many exceptions to cope with changing demand. Current approaches for automatic timetable generation are not able to deal with such partially periodic structures but consider only fully periodic inputs. We therefore introduce the periodic Service Intention (pSI) as a framework where customer-relevant information about train services can be described, including their periodicity information. We then address the problem of finding a feasible timetable that fulfills the requirements specified in a pSI without the need for manual post-processing. We solve this problem by projecting intended train runs over equivalence classes and thereby reducing the pSI to an augmented instance of periodic timetabling. Thus it is possible to use existing models for periodic scheduling, such as Periodic Event Scheduling Problem, to generate periodic timetables with partial periodicity, which are finally rolled out to obtain the desired daily schedule according to the commercial requirements of the pSI. Results for a test case from the timetable for central Switzerland in 2008 show that this approach needs only slightly longer computation time than for a fully periodic instance, but the additional time is compensated by the fact that post-processing becomes unnecessary and by the better quality of the solution. The approach is particularly well suited for offers with a strong periodicity but some irregularities, which could not be treated properly by existing methods. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 323-339 Issue: 4 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.577151 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.577151 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:4:p:323-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: F. Corman Author-X-Name-First: F. Author-X-Name-Last: Corman Author-Name: A. D'Ariano Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: D'Ariano Author-Name: M. Pranzo Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Pranzo Author-Name: I.A. Hansen Author-X-Name-First: I.A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen Title: Effectiveness of dynamic reordering and rerouting of trains in a complicated and densely occupied station area Abstract: Abstract Railway traffic experiences disturbances during operations that cause conflicts between train paths or even deadlock situations. Dispatchers need actions to restore feasibility and limit spreading of delays through the network. To help them in such a task, the dispatching support tool ROMA (Railway traffic Optimization by Means of Alternative graphs) has been implemented in a laboratory environment. This paper reports on enhancements to the underlying train dispatching model as well as to the solution algorithms studied in order to tackle the increased complexity of busy stations with multiple conflicting paths and high service frequencies. Advanced train reordering and rerouting techniques are compared with straightforward rules and the current approach in the Netherlands. Extensive computational studies based on accepted statistical distributions of train delays for Utrecht Central Station assess the effectiveness of the ROMA tool in terms of solution quality and computation time. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 341-362 Issue: 4 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.577152 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.577152 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:4:p:341-362 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marin V. Marinov Author-X-Name-First: Marin V. Author-X-Name-Last: Marinov Author-Name: José M. Viegas Author-X-Name-First: José M. Author-X-Name-Last: Viegas Title: Tactical management of rail freight transportation services: evaluation of yard performance Abstract: Abstract In this paper, a two-step approach for the evaluation of rail freight yard performance at a tactical management level, that could plausibly be used at both annual and weekly planning levels, is presented and discussed. The suggested approach involves analytical modelling with G/G/m queues and event-based simulations with SIMUL8 which is implemented for the purposes of a rail freight operator. Interesting concepts and important relations involving traffic rules, yard capacity and utilization rates are demonstrated based on a case study of CP Carga, the Portuguese rail freight operator. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 363-387 Issue: 4 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.577155 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.577155 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:4:p:363-387 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olivier Richard Author-X-Name-First: Olivier Author-X-Name-Last: Richard Author-Name: Sophie Constans Author-X-Name-First: Sophie Author-X-Name-Last: Constans Author-Name: Rémy Fondacci Author-X-Name-First: Rémy Author-X-Name-Last: Fondacci Title: Computing 4D near-optimal trajectories for dynamic air traffic flow management with column generation and branch-and-price Abstract: Abstract The current air traffic system faces recurrent saturation problems. Numerous studies are dedicated to this issue, including the present research on a new dynamic regulation filter holding frequent trajectory optimisations in a real-time sliding horizon loop process. We consider a trajectory optimisation problem arising in this context, where a feasible four-dimensional (4D) trajectory is to be built and assigned to each regulated flight to suppress sector overloads while minimising the cost of the chosen policy. We model this problem with a mixed integer linear programme and solve it with a branch-and-price approach. The pricing sub-problem looks for feasible trajectories in a dynamic three-dimensional (3D) network and is solved with a specific algorithm based on shortest path labelling algorithms and on dynamic programming. Each algorithm is tested on real-world data corresponding to a complete traffic day in the European air traffic system; experimental results, including computing times measurement, validate the solution process. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 389-411 Issue: 5 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.586110 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.586110 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:5:p:389-411 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erik Fridell Author-X-Name-First: Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Fridell Author-Name: Mohammed Belhaj Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed Author-X-Name-Last: Belhaj Author-Name: Christina Wolf Author-X-Name-First: Christina Author-X-Name-Last: Wolf Author-Name: Martin Jerksjö Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Jerksjö Title: Calculation of external costs for freight transport Abstract: Abstract The negative impacts of transport are in general associated with costs. These costs are usually denoted as ‘external costs’ or ‘externalities’. This paper presents a tool for calculating external costs for freight transport together with its application to a number of case studies. The categories considered include: air pollution, greenhouse gases, noise, accidents and congestion. Results are presented for a number of different transport alternatives as total costs and divided into categories. The uncertainties in the results are discussed. The assessment of these costs is essential for predicting future transport costs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 413-432 Issue: 5 Volume: 34 Year: 2010 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.586112 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.586112 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2010:i:5:p:413-432 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matthew G. Karlaftis Author-X-Name-First: Matthew G. Author-X-Name-Last: Karlaftis Title: Modeling transit vehicle repair duration and active service time Abstract: Abstract The need for dependable and flexible models of transit vehicle maintenance has been well established in the literature as a means for improving daily operations, capital planning and service quality. Stemming from the practical need to predict the duration of maintenance activities and active service time for buses, this paper uses the principles of duration modeling to address two important questions: what is the duration of vehicle maintenance activities and, given that a bus is in active service, how long will it take? We extend previous work by including exogenous factors directly affecting maintenance duration and active service time in fully parametric duration models and examine such activities for the transit system in Athens (Greece). Results indicate that vehicle age, kilometers travelled and repair type are amongst the most important determinants of maintenance duration. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 433-442 Issue: 5 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.586113 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.586113 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:5:p:433-442 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jin-Su Mun Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Su Author-X-Name-Last: Mun Title: A solution algorithm for a dynamic deterministic user equilibrium assignment model with departure time choice Abstract: Abstract A route-based combined model of dynamic deterministic route and departure time choice and a solution method for many origin and destination pairs is proposed. The divided linear travel time model is used to calculate the link travel time and to describe the propagation of flow over time. For the calculation of route travel times, the predictive ideal route travel time concept is adopted. Solving the combined model of dynamic deterministic route and departure time choice is shown to be equivalent to solving simultaneously a system of non-linear equations. A Newton-type iterative scheme is proposed to solve this problem. The performance of the proposed solution method is demonstrated using a version of the Sioux Falls network. This shows that the proposed solution method produces good equilibrium solutions with reasonable computational cost. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 443-466 Issue: 5 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.586115 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.586115 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:5:p:443-466 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ta-Yin Hu Author-X-Name-First: Ta-Yin Author-X-Name-Last: Hu Author-Name: Tsai-Yun Liao Author-X-Name-First: Tsai-Yun Author-X-Name-Last: Liao Title: An empirical study of simulation-based dynamic traffic assignment procedures Abstract: Abstract Under Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), real-time operations of traffic management measures depend on long-term planning results, such as the origin--destination (OD) trip distribution; however, results from current planning procedures are unable to provide fundamental data for dynamic analysis. In order to capture dynamic traffic characteristics, transportation planning models should play an important role to integrate basic data with real-time traffic management and control. In this paper, a heuristic algorithm is proposed to establish the linkage between daily OD trips and dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) procedures; thus results from transportation planning projects, in terms of daily OD trips, can be extended to estimate time-dependent OD trips. Field data from Taiwan are collected and applied in the calibration and validation processes. Dynamic Network Assignment-Simulation Model for Advanced Road Telematics (DYNASMART-P), a simulation-based DTA model, is applied to generate time-dependent flows. The results from the validation process show high agreement between actual flows from vehicle detectors (VDs) and simulated flows from DYNAMSART-P. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 467-485 Issue: 5 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.586116 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.586116 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:5:p:467-485 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rong-Chang Jou Author-X-Name-First: Rong-Chang Author-X-Name-Last: Jou Author-Name: David Hensher Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher Author-Name: Yuan-Chan Wu Author-X-Name-First: Yuan-Chan Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Jin-Long Liu Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Long Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: A study of motorcyclist's idling stop behavior at red lights Abstract: Abstract Motorcycle activity in Asian economies is a significant contributor to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, both when moving and when idling at traffic lights. This paper investigates Taiwanese motorcyclists’ behavior of turning off the idling engine while stopping at traffic lights based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), which recognizes that the achievement of voluntary change behavior can be identified by knowing an individual's attitudes (or behavioral intentions [BIs]) in the context of social norms (SN). A structural equation model system is used to identify candidate causal links between attitudes, SN, BI and behavior related to the idling stop behavior of motorcyclists. A partial least squares (PLS) model is built to correct the covariance matrix, given the relatively small sample size. Results suggest that attitudes, SN and perceived behavioral control, are significant determinants of idling stop BI at red lights. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 487-495 Issue: 5 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.586118 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.586118 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:5:p:487-495 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Amir H. Shahpar Author-X-Name-First: Amir H. Author-X-Name-Last: Shahpar Author-Name: Hedayat Z. Aashtiani Author-X-Name-First: Hedayat Z. Author-X-Name-Last: Aashtiani Author-Name: Ardeshir Faghri Author-X-Name-First: Ardeshir Author-X-Name-Last: Faghri Title: Development of a delay model for unsignalized intersections applicable to traffic assignment Abstract: Abstract This paper develops a model for estimating unsignalized intersection delays which can be applied to traffic assignment (TA) models. Current unsignalized intersection delay models have been developed mostly for operational purposes, and demand detailed geometric data and complicated procedures to estimate delay. These difficulties result in unsignalized intersection delays being ignored or assumed as a constant in TA models. Video and vehicle license plate number recognition methods are used to collect traffic volume data and to measure delays during peak and off-peak traffic periods at four unsignalized intersections in the city of Tehran, Iran. Data on geometric design elements are measured through field surveys. An empirical approach is used to develop a delay model as a function of influencing factors based on 5- and 15-min time intervals. The proposed model estimates delays on each approach based on total traffic volumes, rights-of-way of the subject approach and the intersection friction factor. The effect of conflicting traffic flows is considered implicitly by using the intersection friction factor. As a result, the developed delay model guarantees the convergence of TA solution methods. A comparison between delay models performed using different time intervals shows that the coefficients of determination, R -super-2, increases from 43.2% to 63.1% as the time interval increases from 5- to 15-min. The US Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) delay model (which is widely used in Iran) is validated using the field data and it is found that it overestimates delay, especially in the high delay ranges. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 497-507 Issue: 5 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.586119 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.586119 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:5:p:497-507 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pengjun Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Pengjun Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Title: Car use, commuting and urban form in a rapidly growing city: evidence from Beijing Abstract: The links between urban form and travel behaviour have been widely studied in the field of travel demand management. However, the existing literature is dominated by case studies from the developed countries. A study of a city in a developing and industrialising country can add some fresh evidence to the debate on the impacts of urban form on travel patterns. Using household survey data from Beijing, this paper finds that aspects of urban form have significant effects on workers' car use and the duration of travel by car in journeys to work, while controlling for socio-economic factors and households’ preferences related to residential location. The sprawling patterns of land development play a negative role in reducing motorised commuting trips and shortening vehicle hours travelled in the current processes of rapid urban expansion and motorisation. Since urban sprawl is greatly influenced by growing market forces, the findings in this paper reveal the negative effects of regulation--liberation of land development management on travel behaviour modification. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 509-527 Issue: 6 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.600049 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.600049 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:6:p:509-527 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Deo Chimba Author-X-Name-First: Deo Author-X-Name-Last: Chimba Author-Name: Chang-Jen Lan Author-X-Name-First: Chang-Jen Author-X-Name-Last: Lan Title: Capacity-constrained traffic forecasting model Abstract: Projecting future traffic is an important stage in any traffic and transportation planning study. Accurate traffic forecasting is vital for transportation planning, highway safety evaluation, traffic operations analysis, and geometric and pavement design among others. In view of its importance, this paper introduces a regression-based traffic forecasting methodology for a one dimensional capacity-constrained highway. Five different prediction functions are tested; the best was selected according to the accuracy of projections against historical traffic data. The three-parameter logistic function produced more accurate projections compared to other functions tested when highway capacity constraints were taken into consideration. The R -super-2 values at various test locations ranged from 88% to 98%, indicating good prediction capability. Using the Fisher's information matrix approach, the t-statistic test showed all parameters in the logistic function were highly statistically significant. To evaluate reliability of projections, predictive intervals were calculated at a 95% level of confidence. Predictions using the logistic function were also compared to those predicted using the compound growth rate and linear regression methods. The results show that the proposed methodology generates much more reasonable projections than current practices. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 529-545 Issue: 6 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.600058 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.600058 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:6:p:529-545 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sunil Patil Author-X-Name-First: Sunil Author-X-Name-Last: Patil Author-Name: Mark Burris Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Burris Author-Name: W. Douglass Shaw Author-X-Name-First: W. Douglass Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw Author-Name: Sisinnio Concas Author-X-Name-First: Sisinnio Author-X-Name-Last: Concas Title: Variation in the value of travel time savings and its impact on the benefits of managed lanes Abstract: This paper examines the variation in the value of travel time savings (VTTS) for travelers with a managed lane (ML) option when taking an ordinary trip versus a trip that is unusual in some way. VTTS estimates vary substantially depending on the urgency of the trip made. At the low end, the mean VTTS for a traveler who wants to make extra stops and still arrive on time is approximately 10% higher than that for an ordinary trip. At the high end, a traveler running late for an appointment shows a mean VTTS that is approximately 300% higher than that for an ordinary trip. These estimates vary widely over the population of travelers. In light of these variations, the value of an uncongested travel alternative (such as MLs) is examined and found to be greatly undervalued if using typical VTTS estimates. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 547-567 Issue: 6 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.600068 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.600068 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:6:p:547-567 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Janić Author-X-Name-First: Milan Author-X-Name-Last: Janić Title: Light Rail Rapid Transit systems for more sustainable ground accessibility of airports Abstract: This paper investigates the potential of Light Rail Rapid Transit (LRRT) to mitigate the environmental and social burden of ground access systems of an airport. This implies, on the one hand, LRRT's capability in mitigating externalities in terms of noise, air pollution/climate change, traffic incidents/accidents and congestion of airport ground access systems and, on the other, the provision of sufficient capacity to accommodate generally increasing volumes of both air passenger and airport employee demand by connecting the airport to its core catchment area. A methodology for assessing the capability of LRRT operating as an airport ground access system is developed. This methodology consists of models to analyze and predict demand and capacity for an LRRT system and models to quantify the externalities of particular airport ground access systems as well as assessing their prospective savings thanks to the introduction of an LRRT system. The methodology is applied to a large European airport -- Amsterdam Schiphol (the Netherlands) -- using a ‘what-if?’ scenario approach. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 569-592 Issue: 6 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.600073 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.600073 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:6:p:569-592 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jerry Lee Alves dos Santos Author-X-Name-First: Jerry Lee Author-X-Name-Last: Alves dos Santos Author-Name: Rômulo César Carvalho de Araújo Author-X-Name-First: Rômulo César Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho de Araújo Author-Name: Abel Cavalcante Lima Filho Author-X-Name-First: Abel Cavalcante Lima Author-X-Name-Last: Filho Author-Name: Francisco Antônio Belo Author-X-Name-First: Francisco Antônio Author-X-Name-Last: Belo Author-Name: José Antônio Gomes de Lima Author-X-Name-First: José Antônio Author-X-Name-Last: Gomes de Lima Title: Telemetric system for monitoring and automation of railroad networks Abstract: This paper describes a new method of real-time train monitoring based on the ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 protocol. The system consists of a mobile device embedded in the moving train which transmits parameter signals that are being measured by a base unit with the help of routers. When applied, the technique monitors and controls vehicles operating on permanent routes, making a real-time evaluation of their performance and location, and allowing an effective planning of trains. It consists of a low cost, low power consumption and safe modular technology capable of monitoring many different variables simultaneously. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 593-603 Issue: 6 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.600085 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.600085 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:6:p:593-603 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuh-Horng Wen Author-X-Name-First: Yuh-Horng Author-X-Name-Last: Wen Title: Shipment forecasting for supply chain collaborative transportation management using grey models with grey numbers Abstract: The sharing of forecasts is vital to supply chain collaborative transportation management (CTM). Shipment forecasting is fundamental to CTM, and is essential to carrier tactical and operational planning processes such as network planning, routing, scheduling, and fleet planning and assignment. By applying and extending grey forecasting theory, this paper develops a series of shipment forecasting models for supply chain CTM. Grey time-series forecasting and grey systematic forecasting models are developed for shipment forecasting under different collaborative frameworks. This paper also integrates grey numbers with grey models for analyzing shipment forecasting under partial information sharing in CTM frameworks. An example of an integrated circuit (IC) supply chain and relevant data are provided. The proposed models yield more accurate prediction results than regression, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), and neural network models. Finally, numerical results indicate that as the degree of information sharing increases under CTM, carrier prediction accuracy increases. This paper demonstrates how the proposed forecasting models can be applied to the CTM system and provides the theoretical basis for the forecasting module developed for supply chain CTM. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 605-624 Issue: 6 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.600089 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.600089 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:6:p:605-624 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Branimir Stanić Author-X-Name-First: Branimir Author-X-Name-Last: Stanić Author-Name: Vladan Tubić Author-X-Name-First: Vladan Author-X-Name-Last: Tubić Author-Name: Nikola Čelar Author-X-Name-First: Nikola Author-X-Name-Last: Čelar Title: Design and evaluation of a grade-separated intersection: a case study of the proposed Belgrade ‘Hipodrom’ Abstract: This paper presents the evaluation results of three traffic solutions for the complex grade-separated intersection located in the old part of Belgrade at the junction with the new bridge over the Sava River. The corridor to which the intersection belongs together with the new river bridge are parts of a great urban artery called the Inner Half Semi-Ring Road (IHSRR). The traffic solutions that are evaluated are defined in the preliminary design phase, based on two opposed concepts: a complete grade separation of all intersection legs (the CPV alternative -- ‘grade-separated’) and a grade separation designed to minimise construction costs (DMC 1 and 2 alternatives -- ‘minimise cost’). The evaluation procedure is conducted in three steps: first, the score based on expert assessment of the functionality of the design solutions is determined; second, the alternatives are ranked according to the value of a set of state indicators obtained by micro-simulation using PTV--VISSIM 4.10; and third, the final score is obtained by multi-criteria evaluation using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. The results of the first evaluation step show a small advantage for DMC 2, a sub-alternative of the DMC 1 alternative. The results of the micro-simulation give advantage to the DMC 1 alternative. The multi-criteria evaluation provides a better ‘goodness factor’ for the CPV alternative against the DMC 1 alternative. At the same time, the least construction cost favours alternative DMC 1. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 625-636 Issue: 6 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.600096 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.600096 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:6:p:625-636 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Triantis Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Triantis Author-Name: S. Sarangi Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Sarangi Author-Name: D. Teodorović Author-X-Name-First: D. Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorović Author-Name: L. Razzolini Author-X-Name-First: L. Author-X-Name-Last: Razzolini Title: Traffic congestion mitigation: combining engineering and economic perspectives Abstract: This paper introduces and provides a context for a special issue consisting of five selected papers that examine traffic congestion mitigation, with a focus on combining engineering and economic perspectives. Each paper provides novel insights of their own. The papers cover the modeling of parking behavior using possibility theory as well as the evaluation of a novel concept called Highway Space Inventory Control, where drivers must book in advance for their highway usage. A further paper evaluates the implications of new types of traffic pricing schemes and the challenges they face. Another paper tackles exactly this problem by evaluating different measures using data from the Netherlands. A fourth paper examines the implications of a disaster (bridge collapse) on traffic and assigns an economic value to such an outcome. The final paper is a case study that shows that price-based mechanisms may not be the best way to curb congestion. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 637-645 Issue: 7 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.602845 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.602845 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:7:p:637-645 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michele Ottomanelli Author-X-Name-First: Michele Author-X-Name-Last: Ottomanelli Author-Name: Mauro Dell'Orco Author-X-Name-First: Mauro Author-X-Name-Last: Dell'Orco Author-Name: Domenico Sassanelli Author-X-Name-First: Domenico Author-X-Name-Last: Sassanelli Title: Modelling parking choice behaviour using Possibility Theory Abstract: This article presents a discrete choice model for evaluating parking users’ behaviour. In order to explicitly take into account imprecision and uncertainty underlying a user's choice process, the proposed model has been developed within the framework of Possibility Theory. This approach is an alternative way to represent imperfect knowledge (uncertainty) of users about both parking and transportation system status, as well as the approximate reasoning of the human decision maker (imprecision). The resulting model is a quantitative soft computing tool that could support traffic analysts in planning parking policies and Advanced Traveller Information Systems. In fact, effects of information on user choice can be incorporated into the model itself. Thus, we consider the parking user be a decision maker who assumes a certain choice set (set of perceived parking alternatives); the user has some information about the parking supply system and he/she associates each parking alternative with an approximate perceived cost/utility that is represented by a possibility distribution; and, finally, the user chooses the alternative which minimises/maximises his/her perceived parking cost/utility. The results show how the model is able to represent the effect of various parking policies on users’ behaviour and how the single component of parking policy affects the decision process. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 647-667 Issue: 7 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.602846 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.602846 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:7:p:647-667 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Taede Tillema Author-X-Name-First: Taede Author-X-Name-Last: Tillema Author-Name: Erik Verhoef Author-X-Name-First: Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Verhoef Author-Name: Bert van Wee Author-X-Name-First: Bert Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee Author-Name: Dirk van Amelsfort Author-X-Name-First: Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: van Amelsfort Title: Evaluating the effects of urban congestion pricing: geographical accessibility versus social surplus Abstract: In urbanised areas around the world, road pricing policies are considered more and more frequently, the aim often being to alleviate (some of the) external traffic-related costs. To assess the effects of a proposed road pricing measure, several evaluation measures can be used, coming from different disciplines, including economics, transportation science and transport geography. In this paper, we compare two types of evaluation measure that can be used to assess the effectiveness of road pricing measures: geographical accessibility measures and economic social surplus measures. We explore the possibilities of both types of measure in terms of evaluating road pricing effects from a theoretical perspective, as well as comparing their outcome measures for a research area in the Netherlands. By means of correlation analysis and spatial comparison of outcomes, we find that geographical accessibility measures, being simpler and easier to interpret than economic measures, offer a poor proxy of the outcomes of the economic evaluation measures and vice versa. Therefore, the decision whether to use economic surplus measures or geographical accessibility indicators to a large extent depends on the research goal. If the goal is to gain a thorough insight into the monetary gains/losses resulting from a policy measure, economic measures, such as the rule-of-half or the logsum measure, are preferable. However, if there are concrete questions about the changes in accessibility of certain types of activity locations, geographical indicators, such as the contour and potential measures, are more appropriate. The outcomes of such geographical measures, and especially those of the contour measures, are, however, sensitive to the spatial distribution of activity locations in the area under study and to the selection of the impedance parameter that has to be selected in advance to compute the effects. Therefore, if geographical indicators are to be used, it would be wise to use different sensitivity parameters. It is only then that a thorough insight can be gained into the (sensitivity of) geographical accessibility effects. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 669-689 Issue: 7 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.602848 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.602848 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:7:p:669-689 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Feng Xie Author-X-Name-First: Feng Author-X-Name-Last: Xie Author-Name: David Levinson Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Levinson Title: Evaluating the effects of the I-35W bridge collapse on road-users in the twin cities metropolitan region Abstract: This study evaluates the effects of the I-35W bridge collapse on road-users in the Minneapolis-St Paul, Minnesota Twin Cities metropolitan area. We adopted the Twin Cities Seven-County travel demand model developed in previous research, re-calibrated it against July 2007 loop detector traffic data, and used this model to carry out an evaluation of economic loss incurred by increased travel delay in alternative scenarios before and after the bridge collapse. We conclude that the failure of the I-35W bridge resulted in an economic loss of US$71,000 to US$220,000 a day, depending on how flexible road-users in the system adjusted their trip destinations in response to the bridge closing. We also estimate that the major traffic restoration projects Minnesota Department of Transportation has implemented in quick response to the bridge collapse can save road-users US$9500--17,500 a day. This translates into a benefit--cost ratio of 2.0--9.0, suggesting these projects are highly beneficial in an economic sense. In this analysis, the use of a simplified, scaled-down travel demand model enabled us to carry out the analysis quickly and accurately, which could see its contributions in transportation planning under situations such as emergency relief and comprehensive design. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 691-703 Issue: 7 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.602850 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.602850 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:7:p:691-703 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Praveen Edara Author-X-Name-First: Praveen Author-X-Name-Last: Edara Author-Name: Dušan Teodorović Author-X-Name-First: Dušan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorović Author-Name: Konstantinos Triantis Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos Author-X-Name-Last: Triantis Author-Name: Shankar Natarajan Author-X-Name-First: Shankar Author-X-Name-Last: Natarajan Title: A simulation-based methodology to compare the performance of highway space inventory control and ramp metering control Abstract: The Highway Space Inventory Control System (HSICS) is a novel travel demand management concept in which all road users have to make reservations in advance to enter a highway. A modeling framework for such a system is proposed and illustrated for a hypothetical highway section. The proposed system allocates highway space temporally and spatially over time so as to optimize highway utilization by maximizing passenger miles traveled. In this paper, a methodology is developed to perform a quantitative comparison of the operational performance of HSICS and two isolated ramp metering techniques: the ALINEA algorithm and fixed pre-timed metering. The methodology involves a combination of microscopic traffic simulation and heuristic optimization. The proposed framework is generic and can be applied to compare other traffic control and demand management techniques. The proposed methodology is tested on a simulated highway section with traffic and geometric characteristics similar to a real congested site. Simulation results show that HSICS produces approximately 35 and 45% more passenger miles than ALINEA and fixed pre-timed metering, respectively. Vehicle miles traveled values for HSICS are comparable to those of ALINEA − 4% lower. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 705-715 Issue: 7 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.602851 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.602851 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:7:p:705-715 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lauren Stuart Author-X-Name-First: Lauren Author-X-Name-Last: Stuart Author-Name: Sudipta Sarangi Author-X-Name-First: Sudipta Author-X-Name-Last: Sarangi Title: Auto Restricted Zone versus price changes: a case study Abstract: This case study compares the Auto Restricted Zone Policy (ARZ) with price changes for parking permits in Louisiana State University (LSU). We find that ARZ has a more significant effect on the reduction in purchase of parking permits than price increases, albeit with a lag. We also find that while driving continues to be the primary mode of choice, a significant number of students are willing to adopt alternative means of transportation, if facilities associated with them are improved. Since LSU is fairly representative, we believe that this case study contains lessons for other universities in the country facing traffic congestion issues. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 717-726 Issue: 7 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.602852 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.602852 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:7:p:717-726 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shangyao Yan Author-X-Name-First: Shangyao Author-X-Name-Last: Yan Author-Name: Fei-Yen Hsiao Author-X-Name-First: Fei-Yen Author-X-Name-Last: Hsiao Author-Name: Jyunjhih Guo Author-X-Name-First: Jyunjhih Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Author-Name: Yu-Ching Chen Author-X-Name-First: Yu-Ching Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: Effective aircraft maintenance schedule adjustment following incidents Abstract: In the real world, planned aircraft maintenance schedules are often affected by incidents. Airlines may thus need to adjust their aircraft maintenance schedules following the incidents that occur during routine operations. In tradition, such aircraft maintenance schedule adjustment has been performed manually, a process which is neither effective nor efficient, especially when the problem scale is large. In this study, an aircraft maintenance schedule adjustment model is developed, with the objective of minimizing the total system cost, subject to the related operating constraints. The model is formulated as a zero-one integer program and is solved using a mathematical programing solver. The effectiveness of the model is evaluated by application to a case study using data from an aircraft maintenance center in Taiwan. The test results show the proposed model, as well as the scheduling rules abstracted from the results are useful for the decision maker to adjust good maintenance schedules. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 727-745 Issue: 8 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.613582 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.613582 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:8:p:727-745 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T.P. Hutchinson Author-X-Name-First: T.P. Author-X-Name-Last: Hutchinson Title: Classification of reasons for poor customer experiences in service industries: the case of public transport Abstract: This paper examines why failures and deficiencies in customer service occur, as discussed in both general business research and in public transport research. The focus is not on individual encounters between customers and a service provider, but on the organisational context that leads to a particular quality of customer experience. Going beyond the facts about service quality, the reasons for failures in quality need to be classified and organised. Suggestions are made for this, beginning by distinguishing between reasons internal to public transport itself (which are split into four types, each being sub-classified) and those external (again of four types, each subclassified). The proposed method of organising the reasons is not specific to public transport, but could be adapted to other industries. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 747-758 Issue: 8 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.613584 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.613584 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:8:p:747-758 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hüseyin Onur Tezcan Author-X-Name-First: Hüseyin Onur Author-X-Name-Last: Tezcan Author-Name: Kemal Selçuk Öğüt Author-X-Name-First: Kemal Selçuk Author-X-Name-Last: Öğüt Author-Name: Barış Çidimal Author-X-Name-First: Barış Author-X-Name-Last: Çidimal Title: A multinomial logit car use model for a megacity of the developing world: Istanbul Abstract: The increase in motor vehicle use is one of the important factors that cause traffic congestion, especially in megacities. Thus, the reasons behind this increase require serious attention. This paper offers an analysis of this kind, for a megacity from the developing world, Istanbul. A stratified multinomial logit model accounting for the availability of a second vehicle in the household is estimated for a sample drawn from a questionnaire to gather information of actual car use in Istanbul. This estimation is only possible through a unique data generation process that converts actual preferences into a choice study setting. In addition, a simulation study, generally utilized in the analyses of discrimination between certain layers of society, and a scenario analysis related to changes in income are also included in the paper for a better understanding of the nature of the topic. The results show that the behavior of households with a second vehicle available and not available varies significantly due to household, individual and professional-related characteristics. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 759-776 Issue: 8 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.613585 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.613585 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:8:p:759-776 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hualiang Teng Author-X-Name-First: Hualiang Author-X-Name-Last: Teng Author-Name: Ning Wang Author-X-Name-First: Ning Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Estimating vehicle miles traveled combined with ITS data Abstract: ‘Vehicle miles traveled’ (VMT) is an important performance measure for highway systems. Currently, VMT [or ‘annual average daily traffic’ (AADT)] is estimated from a combination of permanent counting stations and short-term counts done at specified locations as part of the Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) mandated by the US Federal Highway Administration. However, on some roadway sections, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) such as detectors and cameras also produce traffic data. The question addressed in this paper is whether and under what conditions ITS systems data could be used instead of HPMS short-term counts (called ‘coverage counts’)? This paper develops a methodology for determining a threshold number of missing daily traffic counts, or alternatively, the number of valid ITS data observations needed, in order to confidently replace the HPMS coverage counts with ITS data. Because ITS counts, coverage counts, and actual ground counts (e.g. continuous counts) cannot be found coexisting on a roadway section, it is hard to compare them directly. In this paper, the Monte Carlo simulation method is employed to generate synthetic ITS counts and coverage counts from a set of relatively complete traffic counts collected at a continuous count station. Comparisons are made between simulated ITS counts, coverage counts, and actual ground counts. The simulation results indicate that when there are>330 daily traffic counts missing in a set of ITS counts in a year, that is, when there are at least 35 days of valid data, ITS counts can be used to derive a better AADT than using coverage counts. This result is applied to calculate the VMT for the Hampton Roads region in Virginia. The comparison between the VMTs derived with using and not using the threshold number indicates that these two VMTs are significantly different. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 777-794 Issue: 8 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.613587 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.613587 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:8:p:777-794 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shuxia Guo Author-X-Name-First: Shuxia Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Author-Name: Lei Yu Author-X-Name-First: Lei Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Xumei Chen Author-X-Name-First: Xumei Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Yu Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Yu Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Title: Modelling waiting time for passengers transferring from rail to buses Abstract: This paper develops a mathematical model to calculate the average waiting time for passengers transferring from rail transit to buses based on the statistical analysis of primary data collected in Beijing. An important part of the average waiting time modelling is to analyse the distributions of passenger arrival rates. It is shown that the lognormal and gamma distributions have the best fit for direct transfer and non-direct transfer passengers, respectively. Subsequently, an average waiting time model for transferring passengers is developed based on passenger arrival rate distributions. Furthermore, case studies are conducted for two scenarios with real and estimated data, resulting in relative errors of −3.69% and −3.77%, respectively. Finally, the paper analyses the impacts of bus headway, the headway of rail cars, and the proportion of direct transfer passengers on average waiting time. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 795-809 Issue: 8 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.613589 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.613589 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:8:p:795-809 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jinxian Weng Author-X-Name-First: Jinxian Author-X-Name-Last: Weng Title: Collision avoidance analysis for transition taper length Abstract: Transition taper length plays a vitally important role in work zone safety operations because too short a transition taper length will result in higher accident risks and too long a transition taper length could increase traffic delay. This paper evaluates transition taper length under various traffic conditions and road geometries using collision avoidance analysis. The longitudinal distances for lane changing and emergency stopping manoeuvres are respectively calculated using collision avoidance analysis. The higher value between the longitudinal lane changing distance and emergency stopping distance is considered as the expected transition taper length. The comparison of transition taper lengths from the collision avoidance analysis and current empirical transition taper formulae shows that the collision avoidance analysis has the capability of evaluating transition taper lengths. This paper also contributes to providing theoretical supports for these empirical formulae. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 811-822 Issue: 8 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.613591 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.613591 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:8:p:811-822 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Padma Seetharaman Author-X-Name-First: Padma Author-X-Name-Last: Seetharaman Author-Name: Madhu Errampalli Author-X-Name-First: Madhu Author-X-Name-Last: Errampalli Author-Name: Velmurugan Senathipati Author-X-Name-First: Velmurugan Author-X-Name-Last: Senathipati Author-Name: Anuradha Shukla Author-X-Name-First: Anuradha Author-X-Name-Last: Shukla Author-Name: Subhamay Gangopadhyay Author-X-Name-First: Subhamay Author-X-Name-Last: Gangopadhyay Title: Modeling time mean speed and space mean speed for heterogeneous traffic conditions Abstract: This paper analyzes vehicular speeds at a micro level and studies the relationships between the important elements of speed, namely space mean speed (SMS) and time mean speed (TMS) under heterogeneous traffic conditions. Vehicular speed data were collected at selected road stretches around Delhi, India, in an attempt to understand and model the type of relationships between SMS and TMS under heterogeneous traffic conditions. To demonstrate the superiority of the proposed models, comparisons are made with existing traditional models. The results reveal that the proposed models are consistent in predicting speeds with high accuracy. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 823-838 Issue: 8 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.613593 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.613593 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:8:p:823-838 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ali Gholami Author-X-Name-First: Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Gholami Author-Name: Afshin Shariat Mohaymany Author-X-Name-First: Afshin Shariat Author-X-Name-Last: Mohaymany Title: Economic conditions for minibus usage in a multimodal feeder network Abstract: The introduction of minibuses into the transit fleets of some cities makes it more important than ever to investigate the economic and operating conditions of these vehicles for various transit and paratransit services. A high performance transit system is of great interest, owing to its desirable characteristics. However, it is not feasible to establish and use such a system all over a city. It is therefore necessary to support a high performance transit system with other modes to extend its area of operation (owing to higher demand) and also to connect those areas that are not covered by the high performance system to it. This paper considers the use of minibuses in the design of metro line feeders and to characterize the economic domain in which it is efficient to use them in a feeder network. Based on results from ant colony optimization, the performance measures of minibuses are compared with those of conventional buses to help make decision makers aware of the use and role of these vehicles. The study contradicts the common belief that, since minibuses require similar driver costs to those of conventional buses, it is not economical to use them in a transit fleet; in fact, it is shown that minibuses can displace conventional buses in some situations in a feeder network. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 839-856 Issue: 8 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.613594 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.613594 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:8:p:839-856 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Amir Samimi Author-X-Name-First: Amir Author-X-Name-Last: Samimi Author-Name: Kazuya Kawamura Author-X-Name-First: Kazuya Author-X-Name-Last: Kawamura Author-Name: Abolfazl Mohammadian Author-X-Name-First: Abolfazl Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammadian Title: A behavioral analysis of freight mode choice decisions Abstract: This paper develops a behavioral analysis of freight mode choice decisions that could provide a basis for an acceptable analytical tool for policy assessment. The paper specifically examines the way that truck and rail compete for commodity movement in the US. Two binary mode choice models are introduced in which some shipment-specific variables (e.g. distance, weight and value) and mode-specific variables (e.g. haul time and cost) are found to be determinants. The specifications of the non-selected choice are imputed in a machine learning module. Shipping cost is found to be a central factor for rail shipments, while road shipments are found to be more sensitive to haul time. Sensitivity of mode choice decisions is further analyzed under different fuel price fluctuation scenarios. A low level of mode choice sensitivity is found with respect to fuel price, such that even a 50% increase in fuel cost does not cause a significant modal shift between truck and rail. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 857-869 Issue: 8 Volume: 34 Year: 2011 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.600092 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.600092 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:34:y:2011:i:8:p:857-869 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen G. Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen G. Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Author-Name: Stephen Potter Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Potter Title: Universities' Transport Studies Group UK Annual Conference 2011 Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-2 Issue: 1 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.644660 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.644660 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:1:p:1-2 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Geoffrey Andrews Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey Author-X-Name-Last: Andrews Author-Name: Graham Parkhurst Author-X-Name-First: Graham Author-X-Name-Last: Parkhurst Author-Name: Yusak O. Susilo Author-X-Name-First: Yusak O. Author-X-Name-Last: Susilo Author-Name: Jon Shaw Author-X-Name-First: Jon Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw Title: The grey escape: investigating older people's use of the free bus pass Abstract: Since 2008 most older people in England have benefited from unlimited area-wide free travel by bus after the morning peak period. The official policy rhetoric supporting implementation of the measure drew significantly on the need to reduce social exclusion amongst older people. However, despite a substantial increase in the number of concessionary journeys in England and the associated cost liabilities for local authorities and possibly also operators, there is currently only limited understanding of the wide ranging effects on bus use of providing a free pass, and in particular to whom benefits from the policy accrue. In part, this circumstance results from a methodological focus by evaluation studies hitherto that has emphasised aggregate-level data, often at the expense of the very rich contextual information about how the individual benefits from using a pass. This article presents insights into the perceptions, motivations and decisions relating to use of free bus passes, highlighting the existence of both tangible and intangible benefits which arise. It offers a fresh insight into previously undefined uses and benefits derived from possessing and using a concessionary bus pass. This article concludes by noting possible policy implications of the research in the context of the UK's ageing population and for other international contexts where the transport intervention of free bus travel is being considered. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 3-15 Issue: 1 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.635413 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.635413 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:1:p:3-15 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John D. Lees-Miller Author-X-Name-First: John D. Author-X-Name-Last: Lees-Miller Author-Name: R. Eddie Wilson Author-X-Name-First: R. Eddie Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson Title: Proactive empty vehicle redistribution for personal rapid transit and taxis Abstract: The empty vehicle redistribution (EVR) problem is to decide when and where to move empty vehicles in a Personal Rapid Transit or taxi system. These decisions are made in real time by an EVR algorithm. A reactive EVR algorithm moves empty vehicles only in response to known requests; in contrast, a proactive EVR algorithm moves empty vehicles in anticipation of future requests. This paper describes two new proactive EVR algorithms, called sampling and voting (SV) and dynamic transportation problem (DTP), that move empty vehicles proactively based on demand estimates from historical data. It also develops methods for assessing the performance of EVR algorithms absolutely in terms of both throughput and passenger waiting times. In simulation tests, the proposed algorithms provide lower passenger waiting times than other algorithms in the literature, and proactive movement of empty vehicles significantly reduces waiting times, usually with a modest increase in empty vehicle travel. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 17-30 Issue: 1 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.635414 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.635414 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:1:p:17-30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zahara Batool Author-X-Name-First: Zahara Author-X-Name-Last: Batool Author-Name: Oliver Carsten Author-X-Name-First: Oliver Author-X-Name-Last: Carsten Author-Name: Ann Jopson Author-X-Name-First: Ann Author-X-Name-Last: Jopson Title: Road safety issues in Pakistan: a case study of Lahore Abstract: This paper presents the results of a qualitative study of road safety issues in Pakistan, which was carried out with the intent of developing a better understanding of the road safety profile of the country. The study is exploratory in nature, based on semi-structured interviews, and targets government officials, academics and the general driving population to investigate their perception of factors provoking deviant driving styles in the country. Interviews were tape-recorded and analysed using a ‘template analysis’ technique. The analysis revealed institutional issues, execution issues, physical and operational issues, behavioural issues and those related to road safety research and accident data bank as salient themes lowering road safety standards in the country. This has suggested a need for reforms at institutional, physical and operational levels and the need to bring change at a societal level through behavioural transformation, intensive traffic monitoring and law enforcement, along with conduction of road safety related research work. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 31-48 Issue: 1 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.635415 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.635415 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:1:p:31-48 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Polyvios Polyviou Author-X-Name-First: Polyvios Author-X-Name-Last: Polyviou Author-Name: Nick Hounsell Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Hounsell Author-Name: Birendra Shrestha Author-X-Name-First: Birendra Author-X-Name-Last: Shrestha Title: Modelling incidents for dynamic bus fleet management purposes: a UK perspective Abstract: Bus operations throughout the world are increasingly being equipped with Intelligent Transport Systems such as Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL). AVL can support a variety of functions, including Dynamic Bus Fleet Management (DBFM), which has yet to be established in most bus fleets in the UK in a systematic way. To develop a fundamental understanding of the bus and traffic related incidents in bus-based public transport for DBFM purposes, a microscopic simulation model, capable of modelling these incidents, has been developed and applied to a variety of scenarios. This paper describes the design and development of the model Simulating Incidents for BUs FlEet Management (SIBUFEM), for modelling bus operations during full-day periods in which incidents of different types can occur. The paper describes the model's functionality, including the use of journey time profiles, passenger-dependent bus stop dwell times and deterministic time-dependent queuing theory. Results focus on key performance measures including, but not limited to, bus journey times, passenger waiting times and bus delays resulting from various bus and traffic incidents. SIBUFEM has been applied to a main bus corridor in Southampton, UK, with bus flows increased to produce a high-frequency service. A base case of ‘normal’ operations has been established, for comparison with results from a number of incident scenarios, using key model performance parameters of average bus journey time, bus speed and excess waiting time. Incidents range from bus breakdowns, to traffic incidents such as road-works, traffic accidents and illegal parking. In SIBUFEM, these are specified in terms of their location, duration and severity (loss of capacity). The paper concludes with a discussion on potential DBFM strategies and how the SIBUFEM can be further developed to allow these strategies to be evaluated. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 49-67 Issue: 1 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.635416 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.635416 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:1:p:49-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ian Shergold Author-X-Name-First: Ian Author-X-Name-Last: Shergold Author-Name: Graham Parkhurst Author-X-Name-First: Graham Author-X-Name-Last: Parkhurst Author-Name: Charles Musselwhite Author-X-Name-First: Charles Author-X-Name-Last: Musselwhite Title: Rural car dependence: an emerging barrier to community activity for older people Abstract: Community activity is a key contributor to quality of life for many older people. It also plays a role in the well-being of the communities they live in. Mobility, though, is central to such activity, and thus a conceptual link is proposed between ‘mobility capital’ and wider community sustainability. In developed nations older people comprise a growing share of rural populations and thus are of increasing importance to rural community sustainability, yet their mobility can be problematic. The paper contends that mobility is further compromised by an increasing focus on the car as the rural transport solution. To explore this hypothesis, the community interactions of a sample of rural elders living in Southwest England and Wales is examined, drawing on a survey and semi-structured interviews. Key findings were the localised nature of most journeys and the wide range of transport modes used. Although car availability was important, it was not a panacea. Given the importance of community activities to individuals and their communities it is concluded that more emphasis should be placed in rural transport policy on facilitating short-range travel for social purposes, including walking, cycling and the use of mobility scooters. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 69-85 Issue: 1 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.635417 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.635417 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:1:p:69-85 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alireza Zolfaghari Author-X-Name-First: Alireza Author-X-Name-Last: Zolfaghari Author-Name: Aruna Sivakumar Author-X-Name-First: Aruna Author-X-Name-Last: Sivakumar Author-Name: John W. Polak Author-X-Name-First: John W. Author-X-Name-Last: Polak Title: Choice set pruning in residential location choice modelling: a comparison of sampling and choice set generation approaches in greater London Abstract: The discrete choice analysis of residential location choice forms an important part of land use-transport modelling systems but gives rise to a number of significant modelling challenges, one of which is the choice set formation problem. A number of alternative approaches exist to addressing the choice set formation problem, but to the best of our knowledge, there have been no efforts to empirically compare their performance using real choice data. In this paper, we propose to address this gap by examining the performance of several choice set formation methods within the context of residential location choice in London. The paper presents a brief review of the relevant theoretical and empirical literature on the treatment of the choice set formation problem in the context of spatial choice and sets out the characteristics of the specific modelling approaches implemented in the empirical research. In particular, we compare a recently proposed hazard-based screening model with more conventional pure statistical treatments. The empirical research uses a specially constructed data-set on residential location choice, developed by the authors for the Greater London area, which draws on information from a number of separate data sources (including revealed preference data from the London Area Travel Survey). The alternative choice set formation approaches are assessed in terms of their prediction performance on a hold-out validation sub-sample and also in terms of estimated model parameters. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 87-106 Issue: 1 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.635420 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.635420 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:1:p:87-106 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jing Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Jing Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Nick Hounsell Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Hounsell Author-Name: Birendra Shrestha Author-X-Name-First: Birendra Author-X-Name-Last: Shrestha Title: Calibration of bus parameters in microsimulation traffic modelling Abstract: Microscopic traffic simulation models have advanced significantly in recent years and are now used extensively around the world for detailed traffic modelling where dynamic operations have to be represented. Whilst extremely powerful, these models can have substantial calibration requirements. This paper illustrates a new method of calibration of bus performance parameters as part of the ‘Gipps’ car-following model used within the microscopic simulation package Aimsun. This research looks at the impact of bus signal priority strategies on bus and traffic emissions. Calibration was undertaken using second-by-second bus performance data recorded automatically within the new iBus system in London. Results illustrate significant differences between some measured and default parameters, which in turn lead to some inaccuracies in emissions predictions for buses. Calibration is therefore essential and can benefit from the ever-increasing sources of automatic data emerging from new Intelligent Transport Systems applications. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 107-120 Issue: 1 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.635431 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.635431 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:1:p:107-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sigal Kaplan Author-X-Name-First: Sigal Author-X-Name-Last: Kaplan Author-Name: Shlomo Bekhor Author-X-Name-First: Shlomo Author-X-Name-Last: Bekhor Author-Name: Yoram Shiftan Author-X-Name-First: Yoram Author-X-Name-Last: Shiftan Title: Web-based survey design for unravelling semi-compensatory choice in transport and urban planning Abstract: The estimation of semi-compensatory models is gaining momentum in transport planning in recent years. However, traditional survey methodologies focus on collecting solely compensatory choice data, which leads to information loss when semi-compensatory models are estimated. The present study proposes a novel web-based survey that enables collecting data about the entire semi-compensatory choice process. The web-based environment allows seamless tracking of semi-compensatory choice protocols without interfering with the natural choice process and without introducing problems related to comprehension bias, narrative inconsistency and misinterpretation of the choice protocols. The procedure is applied to rental apartment choice by students and results shed light on semi-compensatory choice by: (1) demonstrating the importance of choice set formation; (2) unravelling the distribution of threshold selection across the population; (3) revealing the linkage between the viable choice-set and the choice. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 121-143 Issue: 2 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.651874 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.651874 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:2:p:121-143 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jaeyoung Kwak Author-X-Name-First: Jaeyoung Author-X-Name-Last: Kwak Author-Name: Byungkyu Park Author-X-Name-First: Byungkyu Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Jaesup Lee Author-X-Name-First: Jaesup Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Evaluating the impacts of urban corridor traffic signal optimization on vehicle emissions and fuel consumption Abstract: This study investigates the impacts of traffic signal timing optimization on vehicular fuel consumption and emissions at an urban corridor. The traffic signal optimization approach proposed integrates a TRANSIMS microscopic traffic simulator, the VT-Micro model (a microscopic emission and fuel consumption estimation model), and a genetic algorithm (GA)-based optimizer. An urban corridor consisting of four signalized intersections in Charlottesville, VA, USA, is used for a case study. The result of the case study is then compared with the best traffic signal timing plan generated by Synchro using the TRANSIMS microscopic traffic simulator. The proposed approach achieves much better performance than that of the best Synchro solution in terms of air quality, energy and mobility measures: 20% less network-wide fuel consumption, 8--20% less vehicle emissions, and nearly 27% less vehicle-hours-traveled (VHT). Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 145-160 Issue: 2 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.651877 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.651877 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:2:p:145-160 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josée Dumont Author-X-Name-First: Josée Author-X-Name-Last: Dumont Author-Name: Amer Shalaby Author-X-Name-First: Amer Author-X-Name-Last: Shalaby Author-Name: Matthew J. Roorda Author-X-Name-First: Matthew J. Author-X-Name-Last: Roorda Title: A GPS-aided survey for assessing trip reporting accuracy and travel of students without telephone land lines Abstract: A geo-positioning satellite (GPS)-based survey, using a web-based prompted recall tool, was conducted on a sample of 94 students at the University of Toronto from November 2008 to April 2009. The sample included students with and without telephone land lines, allowing for a statistical comparison of demographic and travel behaviour attributes. The same subjects simultaneously completed a traditional trip reporting survey, modelled on the household travel survey in Toronto, allowing for a comparison between the travel behaviour information obtained from the GPS and that reported by the participants in the traditional survey. Students with a land line are more likely to live in houses, with parents, and to live in suburban areas than students without a land line. They also make fewer trips in total, fewer discretionary trips, more transit and auto trips and fewer active trips than students without a land line. By comparing questionnaire-based data and GPS data, we found that most participants reported in the questionnaire either the same number of GPS-based trips or fewer. On average, the GPS survey captured 1.29 more daily trips per participant than the corresponding trips reported in the questionnaire. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 161-173 Issue: 2 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.651878 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.651878 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:2:p:161-173 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ming Zhong Author-X-Name-First: Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong Author-Name: Chaozhong Wu Author-X-Name-First: Chaozhong Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: John Douglas Hunt Author-X-Name-First: John Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Hunt Title: Gender differences in activity participation, time-of-day and duration choices: new evidence from Calgary Abstract: To date only limited research has quantified differences between female and male activity patterns, and analyses at an individual activity level are scarce. Past research has focused on investigating gender differences in mobility levels based on observed travel patterns, especially those related to commuting. This article reports new evidence based on analyses of a household activity survey data-set collected from a Canadian city -- Calgary -- in 2001. Results show that contemporary females and males have a very similar activity participation pattern. On the other hand, analyses applied to activity starting times support the view that there are minor gender differences in time-of-day choices. In addition, duration and survival analyses through log-rank and Wilcoxon tests show that women and men tend to spend more or less time on some of the 10 weekend/weekday activities, and thus indicate that they share different domestic and societal responsibilities: males tend to spend longer time for out-of-home activities, such as work, school, social, and out-of-town; whereas females contribute more to domestic work, including shopping, eating, and religious activity. In general, this article contributes new evidence to gender differences in activity participation, time-of-day, and duration choices at the individual activity level. Such differences may influence travelers’ time, mode, and location choices and thus have important implications for the complexity of an activity-based modeling framework. These implications are discussed along with recommendations for incorporating gender differences in an activity-based modeling framework. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 175-190 Issue: 2 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.651880 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.651880 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:2:p:175-190 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D.E. Pitfield Author-X-Name-First: D.E. Author-X-Name-Last: Pitfield Author-Name: R.E. Caves Author-X-Name-First: R.E. Author-X-Name-Last: Caves Author-Name: M.A. Quddus Author-X-Name-First: M.A. Author-X-Name-Last: Quddus Title: A three-stage least squares approach to the analysis of airline strategies for aircraft size and airline frequency on the north Atlantic: an airline case study Abstract: In response to increasing demand, airlines may increase capacity by increasing the frequency of flights or they may choose to increase aircraft size. This may yield operating cost economies. If the airports they operate from are capacity constrained, they will be limited in the extent that they can change frequency which will limit their ability to compete with the number of frequencies offered. This article focuses on this trade-off and pays particular attention to the practices of a specific airline. Conclusions are offered on the impact of inter alia competition, changes in aircraft technology, 9/11 and the impact of slot constraints. It appears that changes in size are more important than frequency, which is consistent with the presence of slot constraints and there is a significant impact of competition. As the concentration of carriers increases, so aircraft size falls. 9/11 also has a significant impact on traffic whereas the introduction of the Boeing 777, as an illustration of a change in technology, does not. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 191-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.651882 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.651882 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:2:p:191-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Taotao Deng Author-X-Name-First: Taotao Author-X-Name-Last: Deng Author-Name: John D. Nelson Author-X-Name-First: John D. Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson Title: The perception of Bus Rapid Transit: a passenger survey from Beijing Southern Axis BRT Line 1 Abstract: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) has emerged as a cost-effective transport system for urban mobility. As a relatively new form of Mass Transit, its ability to provide a high-quality transport service and potential to stimulate land development remain largely unexplored. This study intends to investigate the public attitude towards BRT services, as well as respondents’ perception of living near BRT stations, using the Beijing Southern Axis BRT system as a case study. A data-set of responses to 525 questionnaires were assembled and analysed using a combination of statistical techniques. The results show that BRT has gained great popularity among passengers, and brought about a positive impact on the attractiveness of residential property. The data identify that the majority of passengers are work-related commuters and use BRT more than once a day. The captive users have a higher satisfaction than choice users with respect to reliability, comfort & cleanliness and overall satisfaction with the BRT service. It is argued that the BRT has significantly improved the attractiveness of residential property along the BRT corridor. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 201-219 Issue: 2 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.651885 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.651885 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:2:p:201-219 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Azadeh Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Azadeh Author-Name: N. Neshat Author-X-Name-First: N. Author-X-Name-Last: Neshat Author-Name: K. Rafiee Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Rafiee Author-Name: A.M. Zohrevand Author-X-Name-First: A.M. Author-X-Name-Last: Zohrevand Title: An adaptive neural network-fuzzy linear regression approach for improved car ownership estimation and forecasting in complex and uncertain environments: the case of Iran Abstract: This paper applies a novel adaptive approach consisting of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Fuzzy Linear Regression (FLR) to improve car ownership forecasting in complex, ambiguous, and uncertain environments. This integrated approach is applied to forecast car ownership in Iran from 1930 to 2007. In this study, the level of car ownership is viewed as the result of demographic, politico-social, and urban structure factors including average family size, total population density, urban population density, urbanization rate, gross national product per capita, gasoline price, and total road length. To capture the potential complexity, uncertainty, and linearity relation between the car ownership function and its determinants, ANN and FLR (including eight well-known FLR) approaches are applied to the collected data. Next, the preferred ANN is selected based on sensitivity analysis results for the test data while the preferred FLR is identified with regard to ANOVA and MAPE results. The results obtained from the performance comparison demonstrate the considerable superiority of the preferred ANN over the preferred FLR regarding the nonlinear and complex nature of the car ownership function in Iran. This is the first study that presents an ANN-FLR approach for car ownership forecasting capable of handling complexity and non-linearity, uncertainty, pre-processing, and post-processing. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 221-240 Issue: 2 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2011.651887 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2011.651887 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:2:p:221-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Branko Vasic Author-X-Name-First: Branko Author-X-Name-Last: Vasic Author-Name: Vladimir Popovic Author-X-Name-First: Vladimir Author-X-Name-Last: Popovic Author-Name: Vukan R. Vuchic Author-X-Name-First: Vukan R. Author-X-Name-Last: Vuchic Author-Name: Gradimir Danon Author-X-Name-First: Gradimir Author-X-Name-Last: Danon Author-Name: Aleksandar Vencl Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandar Author-X-Name-Last: Vencl Title: Defining the functional and physical compatibility of a modernized tramway rolling stock with a newly planned LRT system: a case study of Belgrade Abstract: According to the Belgrade Master Plan for 2021, the public transportation system for the city and its region will include three rail modes: a modernized existing tramway, regional rail, and a new light rail transit (LRT) mode. In the coming years all three rail modes should be developed simultaneously and in a coordinated manner. The introduction of LRT is to be realized in several phases, and its first line will partially follow the alignment of an existing tramway line. As the present tramway vehicles are obsolete, new rolling stock must be designed and purchased to be compatible with many of the elements of the LRT. Ways to adjust the new tramways to the LRT rolling stock represent the central topic of this paper. The basic technical and operating characteristics of the new tramway are defined with respect to their required compatibility with the LRT stock and infrastructure. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 241-261 Issue: 3 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.671019 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.671019 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:3:p:241-261 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Zudhy Irawan Author-X-Name-First: M. Zudhy Author-X-Name-Last: Irawan Author-Name: Tomonori Sumi Author-X-Name-First: Tomonori Author-X-Name-Last: Sumi Title: Motorcycle-based adolescents’ travel behaviour during the school morning commute and the effect of intra-household interaction on departure time and mode choice Abstract: We hypothesise that intra-household interaction influences home departure time and mode choice for the morning commute. In Indonesia, over 71% of vehicles on the road are motorcycles. This fact increases the significance of household interaction in influencing transport mode choice since the simplicity of the motorcycle allows a great degree of versatility in regard to multiple family member transport. To emphasise this point, our study focuses on the unique travel behaviour of adolescents during the school morning commute which, due to the use of the motorcycle, is a combination of the travel behaviour of accompanied children and escorting adults. Our study discovers that adolescents are likely to shift their school arrival time very early or close to the designated starting time in relation to motorcycle-based parental escort to school. In regard to mode choice, adolescent students prefer to be escorted by motorcycle rather than take public transport. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 263-279 Issue: 3 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.671024 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.671024 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:3:p:263-279 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohamed El Esawey Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed Author-X-Name-Last: El Esawey Author-Name: Tarek Sayed Author-X-Name-First: Tarek Author-X-Name-Last: Sayed Title: A framework for neighbour links travel time estimation in an urban network Abstract: This paper proposes a solution to the problem of limited network sensor coverage caused by insufficient sample size of probe vehicles or inadequate numbers of fixed sensors. A framework is proposed to estimate link travel times using available data from neighbouring links. Two clues are used for real-time travel time estimation: link historical travel time data and online travel time data from neighbour links. In the absence of online travel time data from neighbour links, historical records only have to be relied upon. However, where the two types of data are available, a data fusion scheme can be applied to make use of the two clues. The proposed framework is validated using real-life data from the City of Vancouver, British Columbia. The estimation accuracy is found to be comparable to the existing literature. Overall, the results demonstrate the feasibility of using neighbour links data as an additional source of information that might not have been extensively explored before. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 281-301 Issue: 3 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.671028 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.671028 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:3:p:281-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lishan Sun Author-X-Name-First: Lishan Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Author-Name: Jian Rong Author-X-Name-First: Jian Author-X-Name-Last: Rong Author-Name: Liya Yao Author-X-Name-First: Liya Author-X-Name-Last: Yao Author-Name: Hao Xu Author-X-Name-First: Hao Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Author-Name: Hongchao Liu Author-X-Name-First: Hongchao Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Entropy-based estimation of transfers in a terminal Abstract: An intermodal transportation terminal is a facility that provides commuters with easy transfer between transit modes and providers such as buses, light rail, subway, taxis, airport shuttles, and commuter rail. The probability of a passenger transferring from one mode to another and the estimation of total transfer demand are of great importance to both practitioners and researchers when determining optimal design alternatives as well as the best control and management policies for daily operation of the terminal. This article presents a study that uses an entropy-based optimization approach to estimate the transfer demands between the available transportation modes in an intermodal transportation terminal. The development and calibration of the entropy model is presented in the first part of the article, which is followed by a case study of the SiHui Intermodal Terminal in Beijing, China. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 303-315 Issue: 3 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.671038 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.671038 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:3:p:303-315 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Partha Chakroborty Author-X-Name-First: Partha Author-X-Name-Last: Chakroborty Author-Name: Pradeep Kumar Agarwal Author-X-Name-First: Pradeep Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Agarwal Author-Name: Animesh Das Author-X-Name-First: Animesh Author-X-Name-Last: Das Title: Comprehensive pavement maintenance strategies for road networks through optimal allocation of resources Abstract: In order to maintain a growing road infrastructure at some minimum level of service, substantial resources are required on a recurrent basis. Of late, the available resources can no longer meet all the maintenance and rehabilitation demand even in wealthy nations. Hence, there is a need to develop a tool which will optimally allocate these resources in order to keep the road infrastructure as ‘healthy’ as possible. Further, this tool must acknowledge that maintenance needs are not only restricted to structural aspects but also extend to the functional- and safety-related aspects of a road. Here, such a comprehensive optimization tool is developed which when used will optimally allocate resources in order to maintain a healthy (from structural, functional, and safety standpoints) road network. The problem of determining the optimum maintenance and rehabilitation activities for individual road sections is formulated as a linear integer programming problem. Results from a case study using the proposed method show that the suggested maintenance and rehabilitation plans make sense from engineering and economic considerations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 317-339 Issue: 3 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.671044 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.671044 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:3:p:317-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Liang Ye Author-X-Name-First: Liang Author-X-Name-Last: Ye Author-Name: Patricia L. Mokhtarian Author-X-Name-First: Patricia L. Author-X-Name-Last: Mokhtarian Author-Name: Giovanni Circella Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni Author-X-Name-Last: Circella Title: Commuter impacts and behavior changes during a temporary freeway closure: the ‘Fix I-5’ project in Sacramento, California Abstract: One mile of Interstate 5 (I-5) in downtown Sacramento, California was closed intermittently for reconstruction (‘the Fix project’) over nine weeks in 2008. We analyze the impacts of the Fix on commuters’ travel behavior, as measured through two contemporaneous Internet-based surveys. The impacts of the Fix on traffic conditions do not appear to have been excessive: majorities in all relevant subsamples did not find conditions worse than usual, and sizable minorities actually found them to be better. Among the active changes to commute trips, the easiest options -- avoiding rush hour and changing route -- were the most common (adopted by 48% and 44%, respectively). Among the changes that reduced vehicle-miles traveled, increasing transit use and increasing telecommuting (TC) were the most common (each adopted by 5--6% of the relevant subsample). Binary logit models of these two choices suggest that persuading current adopters to increase their frequency of use is easier than convincing nonadopters to start TC or switch to transit. Women and those in larger households were found to be more likely to increase TC and transit use. Employer support of commute alternatives significantly influenced the adoption of both strategies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 341-371 Issue: 3 Volume: 35 Year: 2011 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.673270 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.673270 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2011:i:3:p:341-371 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shu-Chuan Chen Author-X-Name-First: Shu-Chuan Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Shih-Yao Kuo Author-X-Name-First: Shih-Yao Author-X-Name-Last: Kuo Author-Name: Kuo-Wei Chang Author-X-Name-First: Kuo-Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Author-Name: Yi-Ting Wang Author-X-Name-First: Yi-Ting Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Improving the forecasting accuracy of air passenger and air cargo demand: the application of back-propagation neural networks Abstract: This study employs back-propagation neural networks (BPN) to improve the forecasting accuracy of air passenger and air cargo demand from Japan to Taiwan. The factors which influence air passenger and air cargo demand are identified, evaluated and analysed in detail. The results reveal that some factors influence both passenger and cargo demand, and the others only one of them. The forecasting accuracy of air passenger and air cargo demand has been improved efficiently by the proposed procedure to evaluate input variables. The established model improves dramatically the forecasting accuracy of air passenger demand with an extremely low mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.34% and 7.74% for air cargo demand. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 373-392 Issue: 3 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.673272 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.673272 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:3:p:373-392 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mingyu Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Mingyu Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Nick Tyler Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Tyler Author-Name: Cheng Lan Author-X-Name-First: Cheng Author-X-Name-Last: Lan Title: What determines commute time choices? A structural equation modelling approach Abstract: Abstract Many researchers have been attracted by the phenomenon of constant travel time, and the time spent on travel has been an important indicator of understanding travellers’ behaviours. This paper is based on a survey conducted in a university in London which includes both objective and subjective variables in relation to commute time and some demographic characteristics. Two conceptual structural models are examined in order to explore the factors determining travellers’ choices. Results of the analysis reveal some interesting relationships: (1) a positive relationship between age and commute time; (2) females are more likely to read or listen to music during their journeys, and their ideal commute time (ICT) and current commute time (CCT) generally tend to be longer; (3) academic staff tend to have the habit of working during their commute, administrative staff tend to commute longer while students tend to spend a shorter time commuting; (4) normally, a habit while travelling is significantly associated with CCT; those with a habit of reading or working during their commute journey tend to have longer commute times and (5) the relationship between CCT and commuters’ ICT and tolerable commute time is positive; both hypothesised causal relationships are significant so that a loop is formed between subjective and objective variables, and thus a dynamic modelling process could be envisaged as temporal sequences of those variables. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 393-408 Issue: 4 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.680809 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.680809 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:4:p:393-408 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Md. Tazul Islam Author-X-Name-First: Md. Tazul Author-X-Name-Last: Islam Author-Name: Khandker M. Nurul Habib Author-X-Name-First: Khandker M. Nurul Author-X-Name-Last: Habib Title: Unraveling the relationship between trip chaining and mode choice: evidence from a multi-week travel diary Abstract: Abstract Trip chaining (or tours) and mode choice are two critical factors influencing a variety of patterns of urban travel demand. This paper investigates the hierarchical relationship between these two sets of decisions including the influences of socio-demographic characteristics on them. It uses a 6-week travel diary collected in Thurgau, Switzerland, in 2003. The structural equation modeling technique is applied to identify the hierarchical relationship. Hierarchy and temporal consistency of the relationship is investigated separately for work versus non-work tours. It becomes clear that for work tours in weekdays, trip-chaining and mode choice decisions are simultaneous and remain consistent across the weeks. For non-work tours in weekdays, mode choice decisions precede trip-chaining decisions. However, for non-work tours in weekends, trip-chaining decisions precede mode choice decisions. A number of socioeconomic characteristics also play major roles in influencing the relationships. Results of the investigation challenge the traditional approach of modeling mode choice separately from activity-scheduling decisions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 409-426 Issue: 4 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.680812 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.680812 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:4:p:409-426 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P.N. Smith Author-X-Name-First: P.N. Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Title: Applications of intuitionistic fuzzy set aggregation operators in transport multi-factor project evaluation Abstract: Abstract An intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) is a generalisation of a fuzzy set characterised by a truth membership function and a false membership function. The former is a lower bound on the grade of membership of the evidence in favour of a particular element belonging to the set and the latter is a lower bound on the negation of that element belonging to the set derived from evidence against that element belonging to the set. A similar concept is a vague set, though vague sets have been shown to be identical to IFSs. In the context of project evaluation, an IFS may be used to represent the degree to which a project satisfies a criterion and the degree to which it does not. Aggregation of such IFSs has been considered in recent years to identify a best project in terms of several criteria or factors. A particular desirable way to aggregate IFS is in terms of an ordered weighted average (OWA) which can be expressed in different forms such as arithmetic and geometric. In an OWA operator, weights are applied to the position of an element in the aggregation. In addition, hybrid OWA operators may be developed to not only weight the position of elements in the aggregation but the element itself. An example is given relating to the Kuranda Range Road upgrade (Queensland, Australia) which is limited by grade, poor overtaking opportunities, poor horizontal alignment and other constraints and the road is expected to become increasingly congested over the next few years. A more flexible multi-factor decision method is used to identify a ‘best’ project from a set of four alternative projects. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 427-447 Issue: 4 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.680815 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.680815 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:4:p:427-447 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shan Huang Author-X-Name-First: Shan Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Author-Name: Liya Guo Author-X-Name-First: Liya Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Author-Name: Yan Yang Author-X-Name-First: Yan Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Irene Casas Author-X-Name-First: Irene Author-X-Name-Last: Casas Author-Name: Adel W. Sadek Author-X-Name-First: Adel W. Author-X-Name-Last: Sadek Title: Dynamic demand estimation and microscopic traffic simulation of a university campus transportation network Abstract: Abstract This article documents the authors' experience with the modeling, simulation, and analysis of a university transportation system, using the TRansportation ANalysis and SIMulation System (TRANSIMS). The processes of data preparation and network coding are described, followed by the algorithm developed to estimate the dynamic 24-hour demand, which includes a procedure for estimating the ‘desirability’ of the different parking lots from readily available data. The dynamic demand estimation algorithm is validated by comparing estimated and observed parking lot occupancies, where it is shown that the algorithm is capable of replicating observed results. Finally, an example is included to demonstrate how the developed model can be used in campus transportation planning. Besides serving as a first case study for using TRANSIMS to model a university campus, the study's contributions include the development of a procedure for parking lot desirability ranking and a practical procedure for estimating dynamic demand on university campuses. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 449-467 Issue: 4 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.680818 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.680818 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:4:p:449-467 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tracy Ross Author-X-Name-First: Tracy Author-X-Name-Last: Ross Author-Name: Valerie A. Mitchell Author-X-Name-First: Valerie A. Author-X-Name-Last: Mitchell Author-Name: Andrew J. May Author-X-Name-First: Andrew J. Author-X-Name-Last: May Title: Bottom-up grassroots innovation in transport: motivations, barriers and enablers Abstract: Abstract There is a growing phenomenon of grassroots innovation, that is, that triggered by individual users or communities (physical or virtual) seeking a solution to a personal or societal problem. This has great potential as a new source of sustainable transport innovations, but has received little attention to date. This study conducted 16 in-depth interviews and a workshop with grassroots innovators in transport. A detailed thematic analysis of the interview data identified: catalysts for the idea and the motivation behind its pursuit; the barriers experienced (those that were overcome and those that were not); and the enablers that permitted the innovations to continue and to flourish. The paper concludes by identifying the conditions that need to exist for such innovations to be created, developed and exploited in order that their potential for increasing the sustainability of the transport system can be fulfilled. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 469-489 Issue: 4 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.680820 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.680820 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:4:p:469-489 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z.N. Chen Author-X-Name-First: Z.N. Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: C.K.M. Lee Author-X-Name-First: C.K.M. Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: W.H. Ip Author-X-Name-First: W.H. Author-X-Name-Last: Ip Author-Name: G.T.S. Ho Author-X-Name-First: G.T.S. Author-X-Name-Last: Ho Title: Design and evaluation of an integrated inventory and transportation system Abstract: This paper proposes the adoption of an integrated inventory and transportation system (IITS) to minimize the total costs of inventory and transportation. A non-linear programing is developed by analyzing transportation and inventory costs with one supplier and many retailers in the distribution environment. The paper compares the proposed model with the traditional approach in computing total costs with numerical data. The results indicate that the total costs can be optimized by adopting integrated programing rather than the traditional approach, along with achieving improved customer service levels. In particular, sensitivity analysis is applied to determine the performance of the IITS under various transportation costs, holding costs and shortage costs. It shows that the transportation cost per unit is most sensitive in the proposed model. In this situation, the IITS is more effective for cost saving when set-up cost, holding and shortage costs are high, but is less effective for situations involving high per-unit transportation costs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 491-507 Issue: 4 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.680821 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.680821 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:4:p:491-507 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jasmine Siu Lee Lam Author-X-Name-First: Jasmine Siu Lee Author-X-Name-Last: Lam Author-Name: Jing Dai Author-X-Name-First: Jing Author-X-Name-Last: Dai Title: A decision support system for port selection Abstract: Abstract A number of studies have been carried out on the factors determining port choice, derived from the perspectives of shippers, carriers or both. Recently, some studies using multi-criteria analysis, more specifically Saaty's analytical hierarchy process (AHP), have been undertaken to address port competitiveness and port selection by shipping lines. Based on a review of the literature on port selection, this article proposes a decision support system (DSS) for port selection using AHP methodology. The proposed DSS is web-based and thus it can be accessed by more decision makers and data collection can be carried out faster. Moreover, AHP addresses the issue of how to structure a complex decision problem, identify its criteria, measure the interaction among them and finally synthesise all the information to arrive at priorities, which depict preferences. AHP is able to assist port managers in obtaining a detailed understanding of the criteria and address the port selection problem utilising multi-criteria analysis. This article presents the architecture and the port selection procedure of the web-based DSS, and then illustrates three different cases. It shows how technology advancement can bring positive effects of strategic planning to shipping firms. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 509-524 Issue: 4 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.680822 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.680822 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:4:p:509-524 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xenia Karekla Author-X-Name-First: Xenia Author-X-Name-Last: Karekla Author-Name: Nick Tyler Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Tyler Title: Reduced dwell times resulting from train--platform improvements: the costs and benefits of improving passenger accessibility to metro trains Abstract: Abstract This paper examines whether a dwell time reduction on a high-intensity metro service, as a result of a series of accessibility enhancements, can contribute to an increased level of service and accessible public transport for passengers together with a reduction in costs for the operator. Actual train operation data were collected by on-site observations and from London Underground Ltd. A simple simulation is built to represent the effect on the overall cycle times of trains if certain parameters (e.g. dwell time) are changed. Four models are developed, concerning: (1) step height between train and platform, (2) an assumption of passenger service time to be no longer than 20 s, (3) door width and (4) the combination of step height and door width. From the application of the models it appears that the fourth model provides the highest reduction in dwell time and diminishes the overall cycle times of trains. However, it is the most expensive to implement as it requires work to raise platforms and the purchase of new rolling stock. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 525-543 Issue: 5 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.693267 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.693267 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:5:p:525-543 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bingfeng Si Author-X-Name-First: Bingfeng Author-X-Name-Last: Si Author-Name: Ming Zhong Author-X-Name-First: Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong Author-Name: Liang Gao Author-X-Name-First: Liang Author-X-Name-Last: Gao Author-Name: Ziyou Gao Author-X-Name-First: Ziyou Author-X-Name-Last: Gao Title: Hierarchical network-based equilibrium model and algorithm for a mixed-traffic urban transport system Abstract: Abstract Many equilibrium models and algorithms based on homogeneous motorized traffic have been devised to model urban transport systems in developed countries, but they are inadequate when it comes to represent mixed-traffic urban transport systems, including automobiles, transit, bicycles, and pedestrians, in developing countries such as China or India. In these cases, traffic flow on a road segment is an aggregated result of travellers' combined mode/route choices and corresponding interactions. Therefore, a special assignment model and algorithm are needed for modeling these distinct behaviors. In this article, the structure of a mixed-traffic urban transport system is analyzed and then expanded and represented using a hierarchical network model based on graph theory. Based on the analysis of travelers' combined mode/route choices, generalized travel cost functions and link impedance functions for different modes are formulated, where the interferences between different modes on the same road segments are taken into account. Due to the ‘asymmetric’ nature of these functions, a variational inequality model is proposed to represent the equilibrium assignment problem in a mixed-traffic urban transport system. The corresponding solution algorithm is also presented. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the practicality of the proposed model and algorithm. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 545-559 Issue: 5 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.693268 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.693268 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:5:p:545-559 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Khandker M. Nurul Habib Author-X-Name-First: Khandker M. Nurul Author-X-Name-Last: Habib Author-Name: Md. Hamid Zaman Author-X-Name-First: Md. Hamid Author-X-Name-Last: Zaman Title: Effects of incorporating latent and attitudinal information in mode choice models Abstract: Abstract Hybrid choice modelling approaches allow latent variables in mode choice utility functions to be addressed. However, defining attitude and behavior as latent variables is influenced by the researcher's assumptions. Therefore, it is better to capture the effects of latent behavioral and attitudinal factors as latent variables than defining behaviors and attitudes per se. This article uses a hybrid choice model for capturing such latent effects, which will herein be referred to as modal captivity effects in commuting mode choice. Latent modal captivity refers to the unobserved and apparently unexplained attraction towards a specific mode of transportation that is resulting from latent attitude and behavior of passengers in addition to the urban transportation system. In empirical models, the latent modal captivity variables are explained as functions of different observed variables. Empirical models show significant improvement in fitting observed data as well as improved understanding of travel behavior. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 561-576 Issue: 5 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.701815 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.701815 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:5:p:561-576 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rongfang Liu Author-X-Name-First: Rongfang Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Andy Li Author-X-Name-First: Andy Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: Forecasting high-speed rail ridership using a simultaneous modeling approach Abstract: Abstract The newly launched, June 2009, US High-Speed Intercity Passenger Rail Program has rekindled a renewed interest in forecasting high-speed rail (HSR) ridership. The first step to the concerted effort by the federal, state, rail, and other related agencies to develop a nationwide HSR network is the development of credible approaches to forecast the ridership. This article presents a nested logit/simultaneous choice model to improve the demand forecast in the context of intercity travel. In addition to incorporating the interrelationship between trip generation and mode choice decisions, the simultaneous model also provides a platform for the same utility function flowing between both the decision-making processes. Using American Travel Survey data, supplemented by various mode parameters, the proposed model improves the forecast accuracy and confirms the significant impact of travel costs on both mode choice and trip generation. Furthermore, the cross elasticity of mode choice and trip generation related to travel costs and other modal characteristics may shed some light on transportation policies in the area of intercity travel, especially in anticipation of HSR development. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 577-590 Issue: 5 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.701816 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.701816 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:5:p:577-590 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xueming Chen Author-X-Name-First: Xueming Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: Statistical and activity-based modeling of university student travel behavior Abstract: Abstract This paper conducts a statistical analysis of student travel behavior at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU). The data source is the ‘University NHTS’ project launched by the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) in 2009. Through this empirical study, it has been found that university student travel behavior is different from that of the general population; urban universities have lower percentages of nonmotorized trips than college-town universities; undergraduate students are likely to make more daily trips than graduate students -- similarly, on-campus students make more frequent trips than off-campus students; the most frequent student activities are home and academic activities; and student group categories have virtually no impact on daily activity profiles, though activity types do have a dramatic impact on daily activity profiles. Based on these research findings, the paper makes a series of recommendations regarding trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice, and activity-based modeling. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 591-610 Issue: 5 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.701818 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.701818 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:5:p:591-610 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Avijit Mukherjee Author-X-Name-First: Avijit Author-X-Name-Last: Mukherjee Author-Name: Mark Hansen Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen Author-Name: Shon Grabbe Author-X-Name-First: Shon Author-X-Name-Last: Grabbe Title: Ground delay program planning under uncertainty in airport capacity Abstract: Abstract This paper presents an algorithm for assigning flight departure delays under probabilistic airport capacity. The algorithm dynamically adapts to weather forecasts by revising, if necessary, departure delays. The proposed algorithm leverages state-of-the-art optimization techniques that have appeared in recent literature. As a case study, the algorithm is applied to assigning departure delays to flights scheduled to arrive at San Francisco International Airport in the presence of uncertainty in the fog clearance time. The cumulative distribution function of fog clearance time was estimated from historical data. Using daily weather forecasts to update the probabilities of fog clearance times resulted in improvement of the algorithm's performance. Experimental results also indicate that if the proposed algorithm is applied to assign ground delays to flights inbound at San Francisco International airport, overall delays could be reduced up to 25% compared to current level. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 611-628 Issue: 6 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.710031 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.710031 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:6:p:611-628 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C. Juan Author-X-Name-First: C. Author-X-Name-Last: Juan Author-Name: F. Olmos Author-X-Name-First: F. Author-X-Name-Last: Olmos Author-Name: R. Ashkeboussi Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Ashkeboussi Title: Flexible strategic planning of transport systems Abstract: Abstract This paper presents a decision support methodology for long-range planning of transport systems that exhibits strategic flexibility and stochastic system parameters. Unlike one-off strategic decisions, flexible decisions should be dynamically reformulated with time. The proposed methodology is based on the construction of a tree structure of multiple interlinked tactical planning problems, each associated with a scenario in the tree, where problems under scenarios at intermediate dates incorporate in their formulation the solution of the corresponding problems associated with past (future) connected scenarios. The resulting tree structure of interconnected planning decisions becomes a strategic-tactical decision support system that allows managers to formulate suitable flexible strategic decisions that mitigate the consequences associated with downside scenarios while taking advantage of the upside opportunities. The methodology is applied to the planning of a fleet deployment through charter contracts where contract prices depend on both market behavior and the duration of the contract itself. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 629-662 Issue: 6 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.710032 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.710032 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:6:p:629-662 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carlos Pestana Barros Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Pestana Author-X-Name-Last: Barros Author-Name: Nicolas Peypoch Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas Author-X-Name-Last: Peypoch Title: Productivity assessment of African seaports with biased technological change Abstract: Abstract This paper analyses the productivity of a representative sample of African seaports from 2002 to 2008. Productivity scores are decomposed, based on the Luenberger productivity indicator, and the nature of technological change is analysed. The paper finds that Nigerian seaports are the most efficient, followed by Angola and Mozambique. Discussions of the results as well as related policy implications are provided. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 663-675 Issue: 6 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.710033 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.710033 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:6:p:663-675 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marne Lieggio Junior Author-X-Name-First: Marne Author-X-Name-Last: Lieggio Junior Author-Name: Sérgio Ronaldo Granemann Author-X-Name-First: Sérgio Ronaldo Author-X-Name-Last: Granemann Author-Name: Osmar Ambrósio de Souza Author-X-Name-First: Osmar Ambrósio Author-X-Name-Last: de Souza Author-Name: Carlos Henrique Rocha Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Henrique Author-X-Name-Last: Rocha Title: Transportation of dangerous goods by road: the Brazilian case for selection of carriers based on a risk management methodology Abstract: Abstract This article applies a methodology for selecting carriers for the transportation of dangerous goods by road, with a special focus on risk management aspects. The methodology makes use of Stated Preference techniques and verifies the most critical risk-related variables influencing decision-making from the shippers' point of view. It embraces the planning and execution stages, an evaluation of the contracted company and a feedback process. The methodology was effectively applied to the case of liquid fuel shippers in the Brazilian middle-west region where it proved possible to identify which dangerous goods road transport company to contract in accordance with the risk management factors selected by the decision makers. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 677-696 Issue: 7 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.718155 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.718155 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:7:p:677-696 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ming-Miin Yu Author-X-Name-First: Ming-Miin Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Title: Performance assessment of transport services with the ERM-NDEA model: evidence from a domestic airline in Taiwan Abstract: Abstract This paper estimates comprehensive operational performance measures for transport services. A network efficiency approach is used to analyze the production efficiency, service efficiency, and operational efficiency in a unified framework to reflect the transportation service characteristics of airline operations. We show how a modified version of the network data envelopment analysis model can be utilized for evaluating the performance of air route operations. This study considers 15 air routes operated by a domestic airline in Taiwan to highlight the value of the approach. The results of the analysis show the inputs and consumed outputs leading to production inefficiency and service inefficiency respectively as well as the magnitudes of excesses and shortfalls. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 697-714 Issue: 7 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.718158 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.718158 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:7:p:697-714 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hooi Ling Khoo Author-X-Name-First: Hooi Ling Author-X-Name-Last: Khoo Author-Name: Ghim Ping Ong Author-X-Name-First: Ghim Ping Author-X-Name-Last: Ong Author-Name: Wooi Chen Khoo Author-X-Name-First: Wooi Chen Author-X-Name-Last: Khoo Title: Short-term impact analysis of fuel price policy change on travel demand in Malaysian cities Abstract: Abstract Malaysia is one of the few countries in the world that provides a fuel subsidy to consumers. Due to the recent economic crisis, the Malaysian Government decided to revise its fuel subsidization policy from a fixed price subsidy to a floating price subsidy dependent on global oil demand. Recognizing that the change in fuel subsidization policy can have an impact on travel behavior, this article investigates the short-term impact of the policy change on private and public transportation in the Klang Valley region of Malaysia. Spectral analyses are performed to investigate if the policy change has an impact on private vehicle travel demand, measured in terms of road traffic, and short-term travel demand elasticity with respect to fuel price is estimated. To measure the impact on the public transportation system, the demand cross-elasticity values of rail transit and buses are also estimated. It was found that traffic flow reduces with an increase in fuel price, although elasticity and cross-elasticity values obtained are low. The article finds that there is a potential mode shift from private vehicles to rail transit with increasing fuel price. It is demonstrated that reducing fuel price subsidy can be an effective travel demand management strategy to alleviate congestion. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 715-736 Issue: 7 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.710039 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.710039 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:7:p:715-736 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Austin Troy Author-X-Name-First: Austin Author-X-Name-Last: Troy Author-Name: Dale Azaria Author-X-Name-First: Dale Author-X-Name-Last: Azaria Author-Name: Brian Voigt Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Voigt Author-Name: Adel Sadek Author-X-Name-First: Adel Author-X-Name-Last: Sadek Title: Integrating a traffic router and microsimulator into a land use and travel demand model Abstract: Abstract This paper describes one of the first known attempts at integrating a dynamic and disaggregated land-use model with a traffic microsimulator and compares its predictions of land use to those from an integration of the same land-use model with a more traditional four-step travel demand model. For our study area of Chittenden County, Vermont, we used a 40-year simulation beginning in 1990. Predicted differences in residential units between models for 2030 broken down by town correlated significantly with predicted differences in accessibility. The two towns with the greatest predicted differences in land use and accessibility are also the towns that currently have the most severe traffic bottlenecks and poorest route redundancy. Our results suggest that this particular integration of a microsimulator with a disaggregated land-use model is technically feasible, but that in the context of an isolated, small metropolitan area, the differences in predicted land use are small. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 737-751 Issue: 8 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.739308 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.739308 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:8:p:737-751 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicolás Garrido Author-X-Name-First: Nicolás Author-X-Name-Last: Garrido Title: Computing the cost of traffic congestion: a microsimulation exercise of the City of Antofagasta, Chile Abstract: Abstract This paper computes the cost of traffic congestion in the city of Antofagasta in Chile. A microsimulation is implemented where all the agents of the system travel across the transport network. The congestion cost is computed through the aggregation of the opportunity cost of people waiting within the transport system, as a consequence of traffic congestion. Monte Carlo experiments produced an approximated congestion cost of US$1.02 million during a typical working day. Moreover, the simulation provides useful information about the average traveling time for the 14 districts of the city. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 752-768 Issue: 8 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.739309 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.739309 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:8:p:752-768 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chih-Ching Yang Author-X-Name-First: Chih-Ching Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: Productivity changes in Taiwan's port industry incorporating environmental regulations on harbor water quality Abstract: Abstract This paper evaluates the productivity changes in Taiwan's port industry for the period 2003--2007. Based on a ‘three-year-window’ data envelopment analysis method, Luenberger productivity indicators are employed to estimate the productivity changes that account for the success of attempts by port agents to control harbor water quality. This is one of the typical environmental concerns in port operations that prior studies on port productivity changes over time have not considered. The results show that the productivity of Taiwan's port industry has experienced growth over the study period, regardless of whether water quality has been considered or not. At a disaggregated level, however, if a port agent has succeeded in controlling water quality, but we do not consider it, the results will misclassify the agent by understating the port's productivity. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 769-789 Issue: 8 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.739310 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.739310 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:8:p:769-789 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Athanasios Katsaros Author-X-Name-First: Athanasios Author-X-Name-Last: Katsaros Author-Name: Voula Psaraki Author-X-Name-First: Voula Author-X-Name-Last: Psaraki Title: Slot misuse phenomena in capacity-constrained airports with seasonal demand: the Greek experience Abstract: Abstract Airport slot misuse disturbs the efficient and continuous operation of capacity-constrained airports, leading to congestion and delay problems. Deviations from the coordinated schedule in regional airport systems that feature seasonal demand and delays in certain peak periods are studied in this article. The Greek airport system is considered as a case study. Deviations are quantified by computing the difference between scheduled and actual aircraft arrival times as well as the hourly slot capacity utilization ratio. Two collective indicators for airport benchmarking are proposed. An in-depth analysis of slot allocation deviations and the delays they cause is carried out for a representative sample of airports that are classified according to the proposed indicators. A brief discussion on potential measures to mitigate slot misuse is also presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 790-806 Issue: 8 Volume: 35 Year: 2012 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.701808 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.701808 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:35:y:2012:i:8:p:790-806 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Author-Name: John D. Nelson Author-X-Name-First: John D. Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson Title: Universities' Transport Study Group UK Annual Conference 2012 Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-3 Issue: 1 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.752944 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.752944 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:1:p:1-3 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Moataz Mahmoud Author-X-Name-First: Moataz Author-X-Name-Last: Mahmoud Author-Name: Julian Hine Author-X-Name-First: Julian Author-X-Name-Last: Hine Title: Using AHP to measure the perception gap between current and potential users of bus services Abstract: Abstract This study develops a multicriteria evaluation of user perception towards bus transit services and measures the gap in the perceptions held by current and potential users. A review of the transport quality literature indicates that both preference and satisfaction measures have been implemented to provide a comprehensive perception-based evaluation of bus quality. Although attempts have been made to evaluate user perception through a separate analysis of each (preference and/or satisfaction), the application of multicriteria quality measures are limited. A multicriteria quality measure not only offers more than just information on the daily experience of users but also knowledge of the internal process of quality evaluation (drivers/barriers). The multicriteria measure utilises the data of 512 questionnaires, whereby user perceptions were expressed through judgments of importance and satisfaction based on a set of 29 quality indicators classified into six attributes. Firstly, the study develops analytical hierarchy process (AHP) models to measure user preference. Secondly, a weighted perception index (WPI) of both preference and satisfaction is developed through a multicriteria model. Finally, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is conducted to identify the level of variation in the perception of both current and potential users towards bus service quality. The results show that although both current and potential users place a higher importance towards the same indicators, they do not share the same pattern of preferences (values and/or order). In addition, the study found that the interaction between preferences and satisfaction generated new patterns of subjective evaluation, and that these patterns vary significantly by user category. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 4-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.745316 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.745316 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:1:p:4-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Hamilton Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Hamilton Author-Name: Ben Waterson Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Waterson Author-Name: Tom Cherrett Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Cherrett Author-Name: Andrew Robinson Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson Author-Name: Ian Snell Author-X-Name-First: Ian Author-X-Name-Last: Snell Title: The evolution of urban traffic control: changing policy and technology Abstract: Abstract The history of urban traffic control (UTC) throughout the past century has been a continued race to keep pace with ever more complex policy objectives and consistently increasing vehicle demand. Many benefits can be observed from an efficient UTC system, such as reduced congestion, increased economic efficiency and improved road safety and air quality. There have been significant advances in vehicle detection and communication technologies which have enabled a series of step changes in the capabilities of UTC systems, from early (fixed time) signal plans to modern integrated systems. A variety of UTC systems have been implemented throughout the world, each with individual strengths and weaknesses; this paper seeks to compare the leading commercial systems (and some less well known systems) to highlight the key characteristics and differences before assessing whether the current UTC systems are capable of meeting modern transport policy obligations and desires. This paper then moves on to consider current and future transport policy and the technological landscape in which UTC will need to operate over the coming decades, where technological advancements are expected to move UTC from an era of limited data availability to an era of data abundance. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 24-43 Issue: 1 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.745318 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.745318 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:1:p:24-43 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Valentina Trozzi Author-X-Name-First: Valentina Author-X-Name-Last: Trozzi Author-Name: Ioannis Kaparias Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis Author-X-Name-Last: Kaparias Author-Name: Michael G.H. Bell Author-X-Name-First: Michael G.H. Author-X-Name-Last: Bell Author-Name: Guido Gentile Author-X-Name-First: Guido Author-X-Name-Last: Gentile Title: A dynamic route choice model for public transport networks with boarding queues Abstract: Abstract The concepts of optimal strategy and hyperpath were born within the framework of static frequency-based public transport assignment, where it is assumed that travel times and frequencies do not change over time and no overcrowding occurs. However, the formation of queues at public transport stops can prevent passengers from boarding the first vehicle approaching and can thus lead to additional delays in their trip. Assuming that passengers know from previous experience that for certain stops/lines they will have to wait for the arrival of the 2nd, 3rd, …, k-th vehicle, they may alter their route choices, thus resulting in a different assignment of flows across the network. The aim of this paper is to investigate route choice behaviour changes as a result of the formation and dispersion of queues at stops within the framework of optimal travel strategies. A new model is developed, based on modifications of existing algorithms. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 44-61 Issue: 1 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.745720 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.745720 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:1:p:44-61 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fangce Guo Author-X-Name-First: Fangce Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Author-Name: Rajesh Krishnan Author-X-Name-First: Rajesh Author-X-Name-Last: Krishnan Author-Name: John Polak Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Polak Title: A computationally efficient two-stage method for short-term traffic prediction on urban roads Abstract: Abstract Short-term traffic prediction plays an important role in intelligent transport systems. This paper presents a novel two-stage prediction structure using the technique of Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) as a data smoothing stage to improve the prediction accuracy. Moreover, a novel prediction method named Grey System Model (GM) is introduced to reduce the dependency on method training and parameter optimisation. To demonstrate the effects of these improvements, this paper compares the prediction accuracies of SSA and non-SSA model structures using both a GM and a more conventional Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) prediction model. These methods were calibrated and evaluated using traffic flow data from a corridor in Central London under both normal and incident traffic conditions. The prediction accuracy comparisons show that the SSA method as a data smoothing step before the application of machine learning or statistical prediction methods can improve the final traffic prediction accuracy. In addition, the results indicate that the relatively novel GM method outperforms SARIMA under both normal and incident traffic conditions on urban roads. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 62-75 Issue: 1 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.745721 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.745721 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:1:p:62-75 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steve Wright Author-X-Name-First: Steve Author-X-Name-Last: Wright Title: Designing flexible transport services: guidelines for choosing the vehicle type Abstract: Abstract This paper offers a new approach to identify realistic acceptable levels of subsidy for flexible transport services (FTSs) and then proposes guidance on selection of the most appropriate vehicle types which should be offered in the design of FTS for different environments. The guidance is evidence based and has been derived from detailed analysis of the economic performance of seven FTS pilot applications plus a further five feasibility studies implemented as part of the EU FLIPPER (Flexible Transport Services and ICT platform for Eco-Mobility in urban and rural European areas) project. A major conclusion from the analysis is that the product of the demand multiplied by the average trip distance provides a very strong indicator as to the type of vehicle which should be used. It is hoped this guidance will provide a valuable aid in designing the most suitable and cost-effective FTS solutions in both urban and rural environments. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 76-92 Issue: 1 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.745757 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.745757 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:1:p:76-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan G. Wood Author-X-Name-First: Alan G. Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Linda J. Mountain Author-X-Name-First: Linda J. Author-X-Name-Last: Mountain Author-Name: Richard D. Connors Author-X-Name-First: Richard D. Author-X-Name-Last: Connors Author-Name: Mike J. Maher Author-X-Name-First: Mike J. Author-X-Name-Last: Maher Title: Updating predictive accident models of modern rural single carriageway A-roads Abstract: Abstract Reliable predictive accident models (PAMs) are essential to design and maintain safe road networks, and yet the models most commonly used in the UK were derived using data collected 20 to 30 years ago. Given that the national personal injury accident total fell by some 30% in the last 25 years, while road traffic increased by over 60%, significant errors in scheme appraisal and evaluation based on the models currently in use seem inevitable. In this paper, the temporal transferability of PAMs for modern rural single carriageway A-roads is investigated, and their predictive performance is evaluated against a recent data set. Despite the age of these models, the PAMs for predicting the total accidents provide a remarkably good fit to recent data and these are more accurate than models where accidents are disaggregated by type. The performance of the models can be improved by calibrating them against recent data. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 93-108 Issue: 1 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.745760 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.745760 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:1:p:93-108 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ioannis Tsapakis Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis Author-X-Name-Last: Tsapakis Author-Name: Benjamin G. Heydecker Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin G. Author-X-Name-Last: Heydecker Author-Name: Tao Cheng Author-X-Name-First: Tao Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng Author-Name: Berk Anbaroglu Author-X-Name-First: Berk Author-X-Name-Last: Anbaroglu Title: How tube strikes affect macroscopic and link travel times in London Abstract: Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the five strikes on the London Underground (metro) rail system, which occurred in 2009 and 2010, on macroscopic and road link travel times. A consequence of these strikes was an increase in road traffic flows above usual levels. This provides an opportunity to observe the operation of the road network under unusually high flows. The first objective involves the examination of strike effects on inbound (IT) and outbound traffic (OT) within central, inner and outer London. Travel time data obtained from automatic number plate recognition cameras are used within the first part of the analysis. The second more detailed objective was to investigate in spatio-temporal effects on travel times on five road links. Correlation analyses and general linear models are developed using both traffic flow and travel time data. According to the results of the study, the morning IT had approximately twice as much delay as the OT. Central London experienced the highest delays, followed by inner and outer London. As would be expected, the unique full-day strike in 2009 yielded the worst impact on the network with the highest percentage increase in total travel time (60%) occurring during the morning peak in the IT in inner London. The results from the link-level analysis showed statistical significance amongst the examined links indicating heterogeneous effects from one link to another. It was also found that travel time changes may be more effectively captured through time-of-day terms compared to hourly traffic flows. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 109-129 Issue: 1 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.745766 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.745766 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:1:p:109-129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R.E. Wilson Author-X-Name-First: R.E. Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson Author-Name: S. Cairns Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Cairns Author-Name: S. Notley Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Notley Author-Name: J. Anable Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Anable Author-Name: T. Chatterton Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Chatterton Author-Name: F. McLeod Author-X-Name-First: F. Author-X-Name-Last: McLeod Title: Techniques for the inference of mileage rates from MOT data Abstract: Abstract Mathematical and computational techniques are developed for the processing and analysis of annual Ministry of Transport roadworthiness (MOT) test data that the UK Department for Transport has placed in the public domain. First, techniques are given that clean erroneous records and a linking procedure is provided that permits the inference of an individual vehicle's mileage between consecutive tests. Methods are then developed that analyse aggregate mileage totals, as a function of vehicle age, class and geography. The inference of aggregate mileage rates as a function of time is then considered. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 130-143 Issue: 1 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.745768 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.745768 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:1:p:130-143 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Qisheng Pan Author-X-Name-First: Qisheng Author-X-Name-Last: Pan Title: The impacts of an urban light rail system on residential property values: a case study of the Houston METRORail transit line Abstract: Though the impact of rail transit service on property values has been investigated for transit rail lines in a number of cities, the effects of the Houston light rail transit (LRT) line have not been examined since it began service. This study utilizes the 2007 InfoUSA household data-sets to analyze the impacts of the Houston's LRT line on residential property values. In addition to the traditional ordinary linear regression models that have been widely used in transit impact studies, a multi-level regression model is adopted in this study to identify the effects of the METRORail on the Main Street Corridor. The results from both models suggest that the opening of the light rail has had significant net positive effects on some residential property values. However, immediate proximity to light rail stations and bus stops has significant negative impacts on properties located within a quarter mile of rail stops. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 145-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2012.739311 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2012.739311 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:2:p:145-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mert Kompil Author-X-Name-First: Mert Author-X-Name-Last: Kompil Author-Name: H. Murat Celik Author-X-Name-First: H. Murat Author-X-Name-Last: Celik Title: Modelling trip distribution with fuzzy and genetic fuzzy systems Abstract: This paper explores the potential capabilities of fuzzy and genetic fuzzy system approaches in urban trip distribution modelling with some new features. First, a simple fuzzy rule-based system (FRBS) and a novel genetic fuzzy rule-based system [GFRBS: a fuzzy system improved by a knowledge base learning process with genetic algorithms (GAs)] are designed to model intra-city passenger flows for Istanbul. Subsequently, their accuracy, applicability and generalizability characteristics are evaluated against the well-known gravity- and neural network (NN)-based trip distribution models. The overall results show that: traditional doubly constrained gravity models are still simple and efficient; NNs may not show expected performance when they are forced to satisfy trip constraints; simply-designed FRBSs, learning from observations and expertise, are both efficient and interpretable even if the data are large and noisy; and use of GAs in fuzzy rule-based learning considerably increases modelling performance, although it brings additional computation cost. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 170-200 Issue: 2 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.770946 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.770946 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:2:p:170-200 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ioannis Tsapakis Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis Author-X-Name-Last: Tsapakis Author-Name: WilliamH. Schneider Author-X-Name-First: WilliamH. Author-X-Name-Last: Schneider Author-Name: AndrewP. Nichols Author-X-Name-First: AndrewP. Author-X-Name-Last: Nichols Title: A Bayesian analysis of the effect of estimating annual average daily traffic for heavy-duty trucks using training and validation data-sets Abstract: The precise estimation of annual average daily traffic (AADT) is of significant importance worldwide for transportation agencies. This paper uses three modeling frameworks to predict the AADT for heavy-duty trucks. In total, 12 models are developed based on regression and Bayesian analysis using a training data-set. A separate validation data-set is used to compare the results from the 12 models, spanning the years 2005 through 2007 and taken from 67 continuous data recorders. Parameters of significance include roadway functional class, population density, and spatial location; five regional areas - northeast, northwest, central, southeast, and southwest - of the state of Ohio in the USA; and average daily truck traffic. The results show that a full Bayesian negative binomial model with a coefficient offset is the most efficient model framework for all four seasons of the year. This model is able to account for between 87% and 92% of the variability within the data-set. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 201-217 Issue: 2 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.770944 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.770944 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:2:p:201-217 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milosav Georgijevic Author-X-Name-First: Milosav Author-X-Name-Last: Georgijevic Author-Name: Sanja Bojic Author-X-Name-First: Sanja Author-X-Name-Last: Bojic Author-Name: Dejan Brcanov Author-X-Name-First: Dejan Author-X-Name-Last: Brcanov Title: The location of public logistic centers: an expanded capacity-limited fixed cost location-allocation modeling approach Abstract: The location problem considered in this paper concerns the optimal number, size, and location of public logistic centers. To solve this problem, a mathematical model is developed based on an expanded capacity-limited fixed cost location-allocation model of a network incorporating handling costs and the costs of the temporary storage of cargo in the logistic center. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated with a numerical example of locating public logistic centers of international importance in the Republic of Serbia, based on two scenarios regarding the future development of import cargo flows into the Republic to the year 2020. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 218-229 Issue: 2 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.770945 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.770945 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:2:p:218-229 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cesar Queiroz Author-X-Name-First: Cesar Author-X-Name-Last: Queiroz Author-Name: Nevena Vajdic Author-X-Name-First: Nevena Author-X-Name-Last: Vajdic Author-Name: Goran Mladenovic Author-X-Name-First: Goran Author-X-Name-Last: Mladenovic Title: Public--private partnerships in roads and government support: trends in transition and developing economies Abstract: Private participation in roads revived strongly in transition and developing countries between 2005 and 2008, growing during the period from US$6.2 billion to US$16.4 billion a year, a new historic peak. However, in view of the recent global financial crisis, there has been some retraction of private financing resulting in an investment of US$15.8 billion in 2009. Driving policy-makers' renewed interest in attracting private financing for roads is the need for greater investments to keep road networks in an acceptable condition and carry out social and economic expansion plans in a context of public budget constraints. An analysis is presented of recent trends in road projects with private participation in developing and transition economies, in view of the policies and models adopted by these countries. A procedure for estimating the minimum toll rates required to attract private investors is also presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 231-243 Issue: 3 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.779472 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.779472 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:3:p:231-243 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chenfeng Xiong Author-X-Name-First: Chenfeng Author-X-Name-Last: Xiong Author-Name: Lei Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Lei Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Title: Deciding whether and how to improve statewide travel demand models based on transportation planning application needs Abstract: Many states in the USA have developed statewide travel demand models for transportation planning at the state level and along intercity corridors. Travel demand models at mega-region and provincial levels are also widely used in Europe and Asia. With modern transportation planning applications requiring enhanced model capabilities, many states are considering improving their four-step statewide demand models. This paper synthesizes representative statewide models developed with traditional four-step, advanced four-step, and integrated micro-simulation methods. The focus of this synthesis study is as much on model applications and data requirements as on modeling methods. An incremental model improvement approach toward advanced statewide models is recommended. Review findings also suggest model improvement activities should be justified by planning application needs. For statewide model improvement plans to be successful and financially sustainable, the return on model improvement investment needs to be demonstrated by timely applications that rely on improved model capabilities. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 244-266 Issue: 3 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.779473 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.779473 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:3:p:244-266 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiaoning Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoning Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Title: Effects of queue spillover in networks considering simultaneous departure time and route choices Abstract: This paper explores the effects of queue spillover in transportation networks, in the context of dynamic traffic assignment. A model of spatial queue is defined to characterize dynamic traffic flow and queuing formation in network links. Network users simultaneously choose departure time and travel route to minimize the travel cost including journey time and unpunctuality penalty. Using some necessary conditions of the dynamic user equilibrium, dynamic network flows are obtained exactly on some networks with typical structure. Various effects of queue spillover are discussed based on the results of these networks, and some new paradoxes of link capacity expansion have been found as a result of such effects. Analytical and exact results in these typical networks show that ignoring queuing length may generate biased solutions, and the link storage capacity is a very important factor concerning the performance of networks. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 267-286 Issue: 3 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.779474 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.779474 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:3:p:267-286 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cumhur Erdem Author-X-Name-First: Cumhur Author-X-Name-Last: Erdem Author-Name: Saban Nazlioglu Author-X-Name-First: Saban Author-X-Name-Last: Nazlioglu Title: Determinants of new vehicle registrations in EU countries: a panel cointegration analysis Abstract: This paper investigates the determinants of new vehicle registrations in European Union (EU) countries by focusing on four particular segments -- passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, commercial vehicles, and heavy commercial vehicles. A panel cointegration analysis for a panel of 13 EU countries during the period from January 1999 to August 2010 shows that new vehicle sales have long-run cointegration relations with vehicle prices, consumer confidence, income, interest rates, fuel prices, industrial production, and trade. More effective factors in determining new vehicle sales appear to be trade, interest rates, and industrial production. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 287-298 Issue: 3 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.779475 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.779475 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:3:p:287-298 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rubén Sainz Author-X-Name-First: Rubén Author-X-Name-Last: Sainz Author-Name: Jose Baños Author-X-Name-First: Jose Author-X-Name-Last: Baños Author-Name: Susana Val Author-X-Name-First: Susana Author-X-Name-Last: Val Author-Name: Samir Jose Kattour Author-X-Name-First: Samir Jose Author-X-Name-Last: Kattour Title: The economic impact of logistics infrastructure: the case of PLAZA -- the Zaragoza Logistics Platform Abstract: AbstractThe economics literature offers many examples of studies of the economic impact of transportation infrastructure such as highways, ports, and airports; however, little attention has been paid to other types of infrastructure such as logistics platforms. This article is a first assessment of the economic effects of the largest logistics platform in Europe -- PLAZA, the Zaragoza Logistics Platform -- located in Spain. More precisely, this paper analyzes the economic significance of PLAZA on the economy of the Aragon region where it is located. The methodology is based on the application of input--output analysis to the final demand of logistics platform-based companies in a manner that is similar to well-established studies of the economic impacts of tourism on tourist expenditure. This makes it possible to quantify the various levels of economic effects (direct, indirect, and induced) in terms of jobs, salaries, and wages, turnover, gross operating surplus (GOS), and gross value added (GVA). The conclusions reveal the economic importance PLAZA has for the regional economy of Aragon, representing just over 2% of total GVA and 3% of turnover. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 299-318 Issue: 4 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.798480 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.798480 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:4:p:299-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: André Dulce Gonçalves Maia Author-X-Name-First: André Dulce Gonçalves Author-X-Name-Last: Maia Author-Name: Márcio Almeida D'Agosto Author-X-Name-First: Márcio Almeida Author-X-Name-Last: D'Agosto Title: The future of trucking technology in Brazil: results of a technology forecasting model Abstract: AbstractThe aim of this article is to identify a set of technological events related to the Brazilian truck fleet that are well placed hierarchically regarding their possibility of occurrence and pertinence for the horizon year of 2021. For this we propose and apply a Technology Forecasting Model for trucks (called TFM/Trucks) based on the Delphi technique, considering 28 technological events associated with six internal forecasting dimensions: safety, efficient use of energy and alternative fuels, materials technology, operational schemes, comfort and environment. The ranking of the technological events, considering hypothetical situations for analysis, indicate significant concern over the safety dimension, with four of the five events (passive safety and active safety) classified among the 10 events with the greatest chance of occurring and pertinence, irrespective of the panelists' degree of specialization. The environmental dimension, with respect to the predominance of electric powered trucks with lower level of atmospheric pollutants, was always in one of the first two positions, regardless of the situation studied. In the final ranking, the five best-classified events represented the dimensions of safety, environment, materials technology and comfort, with environment and passive safety predominating. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 319-334 Issue: 4 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.798482 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.798482 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:4:p:319-334 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sangho Choo Author-X-Name-First: Sangho Author-X-Name-Last: Choo Author-Name: Soyoung (Iris) You Author-X-Name-First: Soyoung (Iris) Author-X-Name-Last: You Author-Name: Hyangsook Lee Author-X-Name-First: Hyangsook Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Exploring characteristics of airport access mode choice: a case study of Korea Abstract: AbstractThis paper explores air passengers' behavior of airport access mode choice and develops airport access mode choice models for two major domestic airports in Korea, Gimpo Airport and Daegu Airport. First, descriptive analyses are conducted to identify whether the key explanatory variables such as trip purpose, travel time, and travel cost are statistically different among airport access modes. Second, logistic regression models are proposed for three types of airport access mode choices: auto and public transit, auto and bus, and auto and subway. The model results indicate that the choice of airport access mode is significantly affected by travel characteristics and sociodemographic variables. This study also estimates access mode choice models for business and nonbusiness travel, indicating that access mode choice is significantly more affected by demographic characteristics of nonbusiness travel air passengers than those for business travel passengers. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 335-351 Issue: 4 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.798484 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.798484 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:4:p:335-351 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiuping Xu Author-X-Name-First: Jiuping Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Author-Name: Jun Gang Author-X-Name-First: Jun Author-X-Name-Last: Gang Title: Multi-objective bilevel construction material transportation scheduling in large-scale construction projects under a fuzzy random environment Abstract: AbstractThis paper investigates a transportation scheduling problem in large-scale construction projects under a fuzzy random environment. The problem is formulated as a fuzzy, random multi-objective bilevel optimization model where the construction company decides the transportation quantities from every source to every destination according to the criterion of minimizing total transportation cost and transportation time on the upper level, while the transportation agencies choose their transportation routes such that the total travel cost is minimized on the lower level. Specifically, we model both travel time and travel cost as triangular fuzzy random variables. Then the multi-objective bilevel adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the model. Finally, a case study of transportation scheduling for the Shuibuya Hydropower Project in China is used as a real world example to demonstrate the practicality and efficiency of the optimization model and algorithm. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 352-376 Issue: 4 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.798486 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.798486 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:4:p:352-376 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carl H. Häll Author-X-Name-First: Carl H. Author-X-Name-Last: Häll Author-Name: Anders Peterson Author-X-Name-First: Anders Author-X-Name-Last: Peterson Title: Improving paratransit scheduling using ruin and recreate methods Abstract: AbstractIn this paper we study the effects of using ruin and recreate methods in a replanning phase of a dynamic dial-a-ride problem. Several such methods are proposed, and a modeling system is used to evaluate how they improve the quality of the solutions. We show that simple changes to existing planning methods can increase the efficiency of the service. Two cases, with different forms of costs inflicted on the vehicles, are evaluated and significant improvements are found in both cases. The best results of our study are found with ruin methods based on removal of sequences of requests. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 377-393 Issue: 4 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.798488 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.798488 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:4:p:377-393 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simon Robertson Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson Title: High-speed rail's potential for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from short haul aviation: a longitudinal study of modal substitution from an energy generation and renewable energy perspective Abstract: Abstract This paper quantifies and evaluates, utilising a 'bottom-up' approach, the effect on CO2 emissions of a modal shift from short-haul air travel to high-speed rail (HSR), based on projected passenger movements, between Sydney and Melbourne, Australia during the period 2010--2030. To date, peer-reviewed studies assessing the CO2 emissions from these competing modes of high-speed transportation have been restricted principally to a cross-sectional assessment, with a Eurocentric bias. This present comparative study seeks to address a gap in the literature by assessing, longitudinally, the CO2 emissions associated with the proposed operation of HSR against the 'business-as-usual' air scenario between Sydney and Melbourne. Under the assumed 50/50 modal shift, and the Australian government's current renewable electricity target, an annual reduction in CO2 emissions of approximately 14% could be achieved when compared with a 'business-as-usual' air scenario. This percentage reduction represents a 62 kt reduction in base year, 2010, and a 114 kt reduction in the final year, 2030. In total, the overall reduction achieved by such a modal shift, under the assumed conditions, during the period 2010--2030, equates to approximately 1.87 Mt of CO2. Importantly, if the electrical energy supply for HSR operations was further 'decarbonised', then it follows that a greater emission reduction would be achieved. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 395-412 Issue: 5 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.818271 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.818271 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:5:p:395-412 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim Author-X-Name-First: Tae-Hyoung Tommy Author-X-Name-Last: Gim Title: The relationships between land use measures and travel behavior: a meta-analytic approach Abstract: Abstract From a review of the literature on residential self-selection and spatial multicollinearity, this paper identifies the relationships that travel behavior has with three factors: land use, sociodemographics, and attitudes. It then analyzes the magnitude of the land use--travel behavior relationship by testing two meta-regression models. Each model specifies: (1) residential self-selection as a sociodemographic or attitudinal confounding factor in the land use--travel behavior relationship; and (2) spatial multicollinearity as a land use confounding variable. The first model shows that the land use factor is related to travel behavior more strongly than is residential self-selection. The second model finds that, among land use variables, accessibility to regional centers is most strongly related to travel behavior. Depending on the accessibility--travel behavior relationship, other land use variables are conditionally related to travel behavior. This finding implies that accessibility represents the overall effect of land use on travel behavior. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 413-434 Issue: 5 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.818272 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.818272 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:5:p:413-434 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Floriano Carlos Martins Pires Author-X-Name-First: Floriano Carlos Martins Author-X-Name-Last: Pires Author-Name: Fabio Sciberras de Carvalho Author-X-Name-First: Fabio Sciberras Author-X-Name-Last: de Carvalho Title: Multicriteria analysis of inland waterway transport projects: the case of the Marajó Island waterway project in Brazil Abstract: Abstract This paper proposes a multicriteria methodology for the analysis of investment in inland waterway infrastructure projects, taking into consideration allocative efficiency, the effect on regional development and environmental impact. The methodology is based on an analytic hierarchy process approach. As an example, the case of an important Brazilian Amazonian project is analysed. The Marajó Island waterway project has been under discussion for a long time in Brazil, as it is located in an environmentally sensitive area, but at the same time it is considered to have a critical impact on regional economic development. A Monte Carlo simulation is performed to take into account uncertainties related to knowledge failure on project impact or on the conditions that determine the relative importance of the decision criteria. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 435-449 Issue: 5 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.818273 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.818273 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:5:p:435-449 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Yannis Author-X-Name-First: G. Author-X-Name-Last: Yannis Author-Name: E. Papadimitriou Author-X-Name-First: E. Author-X-Name-Last: Papadimitriou Author-Name: A. Theofilatos Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Theofilatos Title: Pedestrian gap acceptance for mid-block street crossing Abstract: Abstract This paper investigates pedestrians' traffic gap acceptance for mid-block street crossing in urban areas. A field survey was carried out at an uncontrolled mid-block location in Athens, Greece. Pedestrians' decisions and traffic conditions were videotaped in terms of the size of traffic gaps rejected or accepted, waiting times and crossing attempts and vehicle speeds. A lognormal regression model was developed to examine pedestrian gap acceptance. It was found that gap acceptance was better explained by the distance from the incoming vehicle, rather than its speed. Other significant effects included illegal parking, presence of other pedestrians and incoming vehicles' size. A binary logistic regression model was developed to examine the effect of traffic gaps and other parameters on pedestrians' decisions to cross the street or not. The results reveal that this decision is affected by the distance from the incoming vehicles and the waiting times of pedestrians. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 450-462 Issue: 5 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.818274 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.818274 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:5:p:450-462 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiangdong Xu Author-X-Name-First: Xiangdong Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Author-Name: Anthony Chen Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: C-logit stochastic user equilibrium model with elastic demand Abstract: Abstract Modeling the elasticity of travel demand in network equilibrium analysis has several important transportation applications. In this paper, we provide a mathematical programming formulation for the C-logit stochastic user equilibrium problem with elastic demand (CL-SUE-ED) in the route domain. The proposed model is capable of explicitly modeling the elasticity of travel demand and the effect of route overlapping on travel choice and route choice simultaneously. Some qualitative properties of the model, including the equivalency and uniqueness of the solution, are also rigorously proved. To solve the CL-SUE-ED model, a partial linearization method is developed to handle the elastic demand and route overlapping considerations. In addition, a self-regulated averaging stepsize scheme is adopted to smartly determine the stepsize while avoiding evaluating the complex objective function. Numerical examples are also provided to demonstrate the features of the proposed model and solution algorithm. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 463-478 Issue: 5 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.818275 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.818275 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:5:p:463-478 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zarar Siddiqi Author-X-Name-First: Zarar Author-X-Name-Last: Siddiqi Author-Name: Ron Buliung Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Buliung Title: Dynamic ridesharing and information and communications technology: past, present and future prospects Abstract: Abstract Using a case study approach situated historically, this paper examines how dynamic ridesharing (DRS) has evolved through time in tandem with changes in information and communication technologies (ICTs). Informed speculation is then offered on the future of DRS. A chronological review of a sample of DRS systems reveals the strengths and weaknesses of various technologies. Recent shifts in the software development industry's business and technical models have changed the type of applications being created, development processes and uses. The prospects of these changes on DRS are discussed, focusing on the issues of security/privacy and adoption. The roles of old and new stakeholders, such as automobile manufacturers, software developers and end users are also discussed. The increasing technical confidence and competence of the end user is identified as essential to the success of any contemporary DRS application. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 479-498 Issue: 6 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.830895 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.830895 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:6:p:479-498 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia Author-X-Name-First: Gonçalo Homem Author-X-Name-Last: de Almeida Correia Author-Name: João de Abreu e Silva Author-X-Name-First: João Author-X-Name-Last: de Abreu e Silva Author-Name: José Manuel Viegas Author-X-Name-First: José Manuel Author-X-Name-Last: Viegas Title: Using latent attitudinal variables estimated through a structural equations model for understanding carpooling propensity Abstract: Abstract Carpooling systems have never been able to achieve significant reductions in the use of private vehicles. The psychological barriers associated with riding with nonacquaintances and losing the flexibility of using one's private vehicle as a single occupant are often referred to. However, the effect of these issues is hard to determine as they reveal subjective attitudes not easy to quantify. In order to measure these attitudes a survey was conducted in Lisbon (Portugal). In this survey, we collected data for several attitudinal variables and conducted a stated preference experiment comparing driving alone/with family with external carpooling. A simultaneous estimation of the latent attitudinal factors and the probabilities of choice were conducted through a structural equations model. The model results show that attitudes play an important role in the decision to carpool, and they also act as mediators from socio-demographic characteristics. The negative aspects of carpooling may be overcome by the positive aspects; however, our results also stress the difficulties associated with changing from an acquaintance-based carpool to a broader system which may hinder the possibility of expanding the number of carpoolers in big cities. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 499-519 Issue: 6 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.830894 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.830894 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:6:p:499-519 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Borja Alonso Author-X-Name-First: Borja Author-X-Name-Last: Alonso Author-Name: José Luis Moura Author-X-Name-First: José Luis Author-X-Name-Last: Moura Author-Name: Angel Ibeas Author-X-Name-First: Angel Author-X-Name-Last: Ibeas Author-Name: Luigi dell'Olio Author-X-Name-First: Luigi Author-X-Name-Last: dell'Olio Title: Analytical model for calibrating delay at congested bus stops Abstract: Abstract A model is proposed to calculate the overall operating and delay times spent at bus stops due to passenger boarding and alighting and the time lost to queuing caused by bus stop saturation. A formula for line demand at each stop and the interaction between the buses themselves is proposed and applied to different bus stops depending on the number of available berths. The application of this model has quantified significant operational delays suffered by users and operator due to consecutive bus arrival at stops, even with flows below bus stop capacity. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 520-528 Issue: 6 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.830893 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.830893 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:6:p:520-528 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luis Márquez Author-X-Name-First: Luis Author-X-Name-Last: Márquez Author-Name: Víctor Cantillo Author-X-Name-First: Víctor Author-X-Name-Last: Cantillo Title: Evaluating strategic freight transport corridors including external costs Abstract: Abstract A relevant issue for the strategic modeling of interregional freight transport networks is to include external costs as part of a policy that supports the mechanisms for managing and pricing to achieve the social optimum. In this paper, a freight transport model, including external cost, is developed and applied to the Colombian intercity intermodal strategic network involving equilibrium between the phases of distribution and traffic assignment. Each link on the network includes internal costs: time and operation, and external costs: congestion, accidents, air pollution and CO2 emissions. Marginal costs on the freight transport network are calculated using two approaches. First, it is assumed that an additional unit of demand does not affect the equilibrium of the transport network, and then the marginal cost is estimated as the sum of marginal costs on the shortest path links. The second approach assumes that an additional unit of demand changes the network equilibrium and, consequently, the marginal costs are estimated by calculating the difference between the two equilibrium scenarios. Both approaches are applied to seven selected route corridors covering the most important national freight transport corridors. It was found that both methods produce similar results. Average external costs were rated equal to 0.014 US$/ton-km for highways, 0.000105 US$/ton-km for inland waterway transport and 0.0016 US$/ton-km for rail. In highways, external costs are equivalent to 37% of internal costs, in railways 12%, and in inland waterways they represent only 1%. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 529-546 Issue: 6 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.830892 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.830892 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:6:p:529-546 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jin-Hee Kim Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Hee Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Jin-Hyuk Chung Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Hyuk Author-X-Name-Last: Chung Author-Name: Taewan Kim Author-X-Name-First: Taewan Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: The effect of psychological traits on mode choice behaviour: an application to a new water transit system in Seoul, Korea Abstract: Abstract In this paper, we use revealed preference (RP), stated preference (SP) and attitudinal survey data to analyse the behaviour changes caused by a new water transit system on the Han River in Seoul, Korea and to identify the effects of psychological traits on mode choice behaviour. The results confirm that conventional variables, such as individual, household and mode attributes, are significant for mode choice, and that the latent variables, including water transit preference, environmental preferences, comfort and attitudes towards driving and haste, are also very important. In addition, by comparing the estimated scale parameters among a number of scenarios, we also observed the additional impacts of these effects. The latent traits had a more substantial impact on actual mode choice behaviour than on hypothetical behaviour. We systematically captured the taste variation with respect to travellers' latent traits, finding that these significantly reduce or increase the disutility produced by a travel time or cost increase. This heterogeneity was also confirmed in the different willingness-to-pay (WTP) measures at different levels of each latent trait. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 547-566 Issue: 6 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.830891 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.830891 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:6:p:547-566 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chien-Wen Shen Author-X-Name-First: Chien-Wen Author-X-Name-Last: Shen Author-Name: Ching-Chih Chou Author-X-Name-First: Ching-Chih Author-X-Name-Last: Chou Title: A time series analysis of the dynamic competition between major cargo airports Abstract: This paper models the dynamic competition between major cargo airports from the time series perspectives of long-term equilibriums and short-run dynamics. We first apply a unit root test to examine the stationarity of cargo throughput data. Airports are then analysed pairwise by region to test their equilibrium relationships through cointegration analysis. Meanwhile, we also utilise the error correction model to investigate the short-run impacts of cargo traffic between the airports. According to our findings, there are four positive long-term equilibriums, one positive short-run dynamic and three negative short-run dynamics in Asia. In addition, the airports in North America are found to have four positive long-term equilibriums, three negative long-run equilibriums, seven positive short-run impacts and three negative short-run impacts. As these dynamic relationships imply competition between cargo airports, our study can provide airport authorities with the reference to develop their long-term strategies and short-run operational plans. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 567-580 Issue: 7 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.845430 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.845430 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:7:p:567-580 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zhongzhen Yang Author-X-Name-First: Zhongzhen Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Jing Lu Author-X-Name-First: Jing Author-X-Name-Last: Lu Author-Name: Xiaocong Zhu Author-X-Name-First: Xiaocong Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Author-Name: Peng Jia Author-X-Name-First: Peng Author-X-Name-Last: Jia Title: Optimizing parcel delivery paths using a highway passenger transport-based express service Abstract: A unique commercial operation in China that delivers express parcels within the storage compartments (belly-holds) of highway passenger coaches is introduced. A new delivery mode, called 'direct + transfer' delivery, is proposed. On the basis of this mode, a model to optimize the delivery path is constructed by considering the parcel arrival patterns, coach departure times, and belly-hold capacity in the initial origin. The solution algorithm is designed. In a case study, the probability distribution function of the parcel arrival pattern is fitted, and the delivery paths of parcels from a city to other cities in a region in China are calculated and analyzed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 581-598 Issue: 7 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.845431 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.845431 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:7:p:581-598 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Rojo Author-X-Name-First: Marta Author-X-Name-Last: Rojo Author-Name: Luigi dell'Olio Author-X-Name-First: Luigi Author-X-Name-Last: dell'Olio Author-Name: Hernán Gonzalo-Orden Author-X-Name-First: Hernán Author-X-Name-Last: Gonzalo-Orden Author-Name: Ángel Ibeas Author-X-Name-First: Ángel Author-X-Name-Last: Ibeas Title: Interurban bus service quality from the users' viewpoint Abstract: A model is proposed to determine the global satisfaction of interurban bus service users. The most relevant variables are determined globally for all users as well as by user segments. Various ordered-type logit and probit models are fitted for user behavior, to determine the most important variables from the point of view of user-perceived quality. In addition, generic models, valid for all users, are calibrated as well as others with systematic variations in user preferences in order to discern what different groups of users value. The variables that influence user satisfaction are selected. Users do not place great value on the cost of the ticket, except for elderly people. Moreover, although there are variables that are more difficult to change, satisfactory connections of the bus station with other urban public transport services, as well as its location in the city center are also relevant for bus users. Even the duration (or speed) of the journey, despite being significant, is not the most important point factor in a global evaluation of the service. However, when comparing user's satisfaction with the loyalty that users express toward ongoing use of the service, almost half of all users affirm that they would not make the same journey by bus if another mode of transport were available to them. Hence the quality of public transport needs to be studied, in an interurban context as well, to achieve greater use of the service and a reduction in negative transport externalities. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 599-616 Issue: 7 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.845432 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.845432 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:7:p:599-616 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Indraswari Kusumaningtyas Author-X-Name-First: Indraswari Author-X-Name-Last: Kusumaningtyas Author-Name: Gabriel Lodewijks Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel Author-X-Name-Last: Lodewijks Title: On the application of accelerating moving walkways to support passenger processes in Amsterdam Airport Schiphol Abstract: Plans for the expansion of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol (AAS) are likely to cause longer walking distances inside the Schiphol Centrum passenger terminal. This can increase the risk in maintaining established time schedules and minimum connecting times for performing passenger processes. However, the currently installed Conventional Moving Walkways (CMWs) are not always capable of providing short travel times. In this paper, we investigate the application of Accelerating Moving Walkways (AMWs) to support passenger processes in AAS, particularly in terms of reducing travel times and walking distances. The current situation in Schiphol Centrum is analysed with regard to walking distances, passenger processing times and the time schedules and connecting times. The application of AMWs in the terminal is evaluated with regard to planning considerations such as location and transport capacity, as well as the expected contribution and benefit from the proposed systems in comparison to the current CMWs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 617-635 Issue: 7 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.845433 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.845433 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:7:p:617-635 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Catherine Holloway Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Holloway Author-Name: Nick Tyler Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Tyler Title: A micro-level approach to measuring the accessibility of footways for wheelchair users using the Capability Model Abstract: There are a growing number of people with mobility impairments who use wheelchairs to get around the built environment. This number is likely to increase in the future due to an increasingly ageing population combined with advances in medical technology which help to overcome some of the barriers to access that have hitherto prevented people from leading as full a life as they would have liked. Footways form an integral part of the transport network and therefore it is essential they can be accessed by all people. Currently, however, there is no well-defined method to measure the accessibility of footways for wheelchair users. One aspect of a footway is the crossfall - the transverse gradient designed to facilitate surface water drainage - which adds to a wheelchair user's difficulty when progressing along the footway. This paper first reviews previous research on measuring the effect of crossfalls on wheelchair accessibility, highlighting the need for a new approach. It then proposes the Capability Model as a starting point for this new approach. The model is updated and populated with an initial capability set chosen to measure footway accessibility across footways with three different crossfall gradients (0%, 2.5% and 4%). The focus is on the physical work provided by the user to the wheelchair in order to keep it travelling in a straight line. It is shown that in order to travel in a straight line when a footway is flat only a single principal capability is required: the ability to produce sufficient force over the required distance to overcome the inertia and rolling resistance and keep the wheelchair moving at the chosen velocity. When a positive crossfall gradient is introduced a second capability is required: the ability to apply different levels of force to the left and right sides of the wheelchair. It is concluded that it is possible to measure these two capabilities and these provide a good insight into the effect of crossfalls on footway accessibility for wheelchair users. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 636-649 Issue: 7 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.845434 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.845434 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:7:p:636-649 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hongcheng Gan Author-X-Name-First: Hongcheng Author-X-Name-Last: Gan Author-Name: Xin Ye Author-X-Name-First: Xin Author-X-Name-Last: Ye Title: Investigation of drivers' diversion responses to urban freeway variable message signs displaying freeway and local street travel times Abstract: This paper explores urban freeway users' diversion responses to D-VMS (a new type of freeway variable message sign that explicitly provides travel times for both freeways and local streets) in the context of China. An on-site stated preference questionnaire survey was conducted to collect behavioral data. Four types of binary probit models were estimated to identify the factors that influence diversion behavior: the model with only constant coefficient and the models with 'normal', 'truncated normal', and 'log-normal' random coefficients. The three models with random coefficients accommodate heterogeneous preferences for travel time savings among drivers. The study shows that drivers' en route decisions on diverting from a freeway to local streets can be significantly influenced by D-VMS and the extent of the D-VMS impacts depends on driver characteristics, local street characteristics, and D-VMS messages. Main findings regarding D-VMS impacts are (1) travel time savings and drivers' years of driving experience serve as positive factors in diverting and (2) the number of traffic lights on the street, frequency of urban freeway use, being a mid-age driver, and an employer-provided car driver serve as negative factors in diverting. In terms of heterogeneous preference modeling, likelihood ratio tests show the three models with random coefficients obtain higher goodness of fits, and preliminary evidence is given that a small portion of drivers are insensitive to travel time savings indicated by D-VMS and persist in using urban freeways. The findings of this study have implications for the design and operation of D-VMS and for further effort on driver behavior modeling. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 651-668 Issue: 8 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.851504 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.851504 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:8:p:651-668 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yusak O. Susilo Author-X-Name-First: Yusak O. Author-X-Name-Last: Susilo Author-Name: Nathan Hanks Author-X-Name-First: Nathan Author-X-Name-Last: Hanks Author-Name: Mahmud Ullah Author-X-Name-First: Mahmud Author-X-Name-Last: Ullah Title: An exploration of shoppers travel mode choice in visiting convenience stores in the UK Abstract: Using data from over 2000 convenience store customers within and outside London, this paper explores how individuals access their convenience stores and how significant the influence of their socio-demographics, shopping types and trip chaining is to their mode choice in visiting the stores. Trip chaining is found to be crucial in influencing customers' mode choice and their visit frequency. The application of logit models also shows that frequent shoppers are the ones most likely to visit the stores on foot. Interestingly, the estimation results also show that the location's density, shopping types and the day of the week are not significant in influencing travel modes. Customers who live in the most deprived areas are less likely to use a private car in visiting the stores. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 669-684 Issue: 8 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.851505 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.851505 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:8:p:669-684 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xin Tian Author-X-Name-First: Xin Author-X-Name-Last: Tian Author-Name: Liming Liu Author-X-Name-First: Liming Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: K. K. Lai Author-X-Name-First: K. K. Author-X-Name-Last: Lai Author-Name: Shouyang Wang Author-X-Name-First: Shouyang Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Analysis and forecasting of port logistics using TEI@I methodology Abstract: This paper presents an integrated forecasting model based on the TEI@I methodology for forecasting demand for port logistics services - specifically, port container throughput. The model analyzes port logistics time series data and other information in several steps. In the first step, several econometric models are built to forecast the linear segment of port logistics time series. In the second step, a radial basis function neural network is developed to predict the nonlinear segment of the time series. In the third step, the event-study method and expert system techniques are applied to evaluate the effects of economic and other events that may impact demand for port logistics. In the final step, synthetic forecasting results are obtained, based on the integration of predictions from the above three steps. For an illustration, Hong Kong port's container throughput series is used as a case study. The empirical results show the effectiveness of the TEI@I integrated model for port logistics forecasting. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 685-702 Issue: 8 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.851506 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.851506 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:8:p:685-702 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seyedehsan Seyedabrishami Author-X-Name-First: Seyedehsan Author-X-Name-Last: Seyedabrishami Author-Name: Yousef Shafahi Author-X-Name-First: Yousef Author-X-Name-Last: Shafahi Title: A joint model of destination and mode choice for urban trips: a disaggregate approach Abstract: Trip destination and mode choice are highly influenced by travelers' perceptions and behaviors; selecting a destination and a vehicle for a trip are two interdependent problems. This paper presents and applies a disaggregate joint model for traveler destination and mode choice. The choice model uses fuzzy set and probability theory to deal with the uncertainty embedded in travelers' perceptions and behaviors. The model is structured as a decision tree in which the fuzzy and non-fuzzy classification of influential variables regarding destination selection and mode choice expand the tree. The most influential explanatory variables among all the variables categorized for travelers' household, trip, and living zone specifications are selected based on the maximizing information. An aggregation method is designed to provide aggregate estimates for transportation planning based on the suggested disaggregate choice model. A data-set of over 9000 home-based morning peak-hour trips in Shiraz, a large city in Iran, is used for model construction and evaluation. When compared with a multinomial logit (MNL) model, the suggested models' estimates are more accurate than the traditional MNL model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 703-721 Issue: 8 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.851507 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.851507 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:8:p:703-721 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yi-Wen Kuo Author-X-Name-First: Yi-Wen Author-X-Name-Last: Kuo Author-Name: Cheng-Hsien Hsieh Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Hsien Author-X-Name-Last: Hsieh Author-Name: Cheng-Min Feng Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Min Author-X-Name-Last: Feng Author-Name: Wen-Ya Yeh Author-X-Name-First: Wen-Ya Author-X-Name-Last: Yeh Title: Effects of price promotions on potential consumers of high-speed rail Abstract: Effects of price promotions for high-speed rail (HSR) on the choice behaviours of potential consumers are analysed for public transit marketing purposes. A questionnaire survey, with 300 valid samples collected from private vehicle drivers with long-distance trips through freeways, is conducted. Factor analysis is employed to determine the constructs of service quality, while a discrete choice model considering individual heterogeneity, namely a mixed logit model, with stated preference is utilised to explore the diversion of passengers from private vehicle drivers due to price promotions. Analytical results reveal that service qualities, socio-economic characteristics and price promotions significantly affect choice behaviours. Finally, some strategies are developed from these analytical results to help a HSR operator increase its market share. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 722-738 Issue: 8 Volume: 36 Year: 2013 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.851508 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.851508 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:36:y:2013:i:8:p:722-738 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Author-Name: David Bonilla Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Bonilla Title: Universities' Transport Study Group UK Annual Conference 2013 Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-2 Issue: 1 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.868082 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.868082 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:1:p:1-2 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicholas B. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas B. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Benjamin G. Heydecker Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin G. Author-X-Name-Last: Heydecker Title: The effect of green time on stochastic queues at traffic signals Abstract: Many analyses of traffic signal queues use Webster and Cobbe's formula, which combines the net effect of the red/green cycle with a term representing stochastic effects, idealised as an M/D/1 queue process having random arrivals and uniform service. Several authors have noted that this component should depend not only on demand intensity but also on throughput capacity in each green period, although an extra empirical term may partially allow for this. Extending the service interval in M/D/1 (M = Markovian, i.e. random, D = deterministic, i.e. uniform, 1 = one server) enables the effect to be reproduced, but no exact expressions for its moments are found. Approximate formulae for the extended mean exist but are accurate only near saturation. The paper derives novel approximations for the equilibrium mean and also variance and utilisation, using functions linking traffic intensity with green period capacity. With three moments, equilibrium probability distributions can be estimated for which a method based on a doubly nested geometric distribution is described. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 3-19 Issue: 1 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.844907 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.844907 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:1:p:3-19 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Haith Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Haith Author-Name: Daniel Johnson Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson Author-Name: Chris Nash Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: Nash Title: The case for space: the measurement of capacity utilisation, its relationship with reactionary delay and the calculation of the capacity charge for the British rail network Abstract: In Britain, capacity charges are levied on train operators to cover the costs imposed by increased reactionary delays - i.e. the delay that an already late train causes to a following train. These charges are based on the link between capacity utilisation and the level of reactionary delay. An established method for measuring capacity utilisation was adopted called The Capacity Utilisation Index (CUI). In this paper, we propose an alternative methodology based on the theory that the level of reactionary delay will be determined by the minimum gaps that exist between trains. We test this measure with a new data-set for the East Coast Main Line and show that it performs better than CUI. Finally, we comment on the implications of this finding for charging and for the construction of timetables. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 20-37 Issue: 1 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.844906 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.844906 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:1:p:20-37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tim Chatterton Author-X-Name-First: Tim Author-X-Name-Last: Chatterton Author-Name: Charlie Wilson Author-X-Name-First: Charlie Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson Title: The 'Four Dimensions of Behaviour' framework: a tool for characterising behaviours to help design better interventions Abstract: This paper sets out the rationale and structure of a tool for assisting policy-makers and practitioners to understand behavioural challenges and open up thinking on the design of effective 'behaviour change' interventions. The 'Four Dimensions of Behaviour' (4DB) framework is based on the theoretical and empirical research in a range of policy domains including transport and pro-environmental behaviour more generally. The 4DB framework characterises multifaceted behaviours along dimensions of actor, domain, durability and scope. Its application in workshop or structured settings opens up diverse and non-exclusive discussion on designing interventions to match salient behavioural characteristics. The use of the 4DB framework in the transport domain is demonstrated for travel behaviours of interest to policy-makers using examples of buying plug-in vehicles (PiVs), commuting by bicycle, eco-driving and making business trips by train. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 38-61 Issue: 1 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.850257 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.850257 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:1:p:38-61 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charles Musselwhite Author-X-Name-First: Charles Author-X-Name-Last: Musselwhite Author-Name: Erel Avineri Author-X-Name-First: Erel Author-X-Name-Last: Avineri Author-Name: Yusak O. Susilo Author-X-Name-First: Yusak O. Author-X-Name-Last: Susilo Title: Legitimising risk taking: articulating dangerous behaviour on the road Abstract: Using a deliberative approach 228 members of the public from four locations in the United Kingdom took part in six focus groups that met on three occasions. Applying a model based on two interlocking sets of theories (Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour and Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory) in the analysis of participants' responses, the paper explores the social and environmental systems that an individual interacts with in the articulation of risky behaviours on the road. Participants discussed how taking risks changed over their lifecourse and how they became safer with age. Social norms and perceived behavioural control influence road user safety behaviour through the exchanging of attitudes, and younger drivers especially are more likely to embrace the symbolic role of the car. The paper concludes that the nature of identity and culture within risk taking is important when designing interventions on the ground. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 62-82 Issue: 1 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.844905 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.844905 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:1:p:62-82 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger Beecham Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Beecham Author-Name: Jo Wood Author-X-Name-First: Jo Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Title: Exploring gendered cycling behaviours within a large-scale behavioural data-set Abstract: Analysing over 10 million journeys made by members of London's Cycle Hire Scheme, we find that female customers' usage characteristics are demonstrably different from those of male customers. Usage at weekends and within London's parks characterises women's journeys, whereas for men, a commuting function is more clearly identified. Some of these variations are explained by geo-demographic differences and by an atypical period of usage during the first three months after the scheme's launch. Controlling for each of these variables brings some convergence between men and women. However, many differences are preserved. Studying the spatio-temporal context under which journeys are made, we find that women's journeys are highly spatially structured. Even when making utilitarian cycle trips, routes that involve large, multi-lane roads are comparatively rare, and instead female cyclists preferentially select areas of the city associated with slower traffic streets and with cycle routes slightly offset from major roads. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 83-97 Issue: 1 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.844903 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.844903 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:1:p:83-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gillian Harrison Author-X-Name-First: Gillian Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison Author-Name: Simon Shepherd Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Shepherd Title: An interdisciplinary study to explore impacts from policies for the introduction of low carbon vehicles Abstract: Driven by concerns of climate change, governments across the world are introducing a number of policies to accelerate the uptake of low carbon vehicles (LCVs), with a specific focus on electric motors. However, there is uncertainty in the effectiveness of such policies and technology pathways, which are inherently interlinked. This article considers the short-term situation to 2020 and focuses on the concern that these policies may bring about some disproportionate impacts in society due to changes in mobility. An ethical framework is established that seeks to balance obligations to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and rights to car ownership, then selected policies are modelled within this framework to assess acceptability of implementation. Although these policies are successful in introducing LCVs and reducing GHG emissions, findings also indicate uneven cost burdens and reduced affordability of car ownership. Following this, recommendations for policy amendments and model improvements are made. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 98-117 Issue: 1 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.844904 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.844904 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:1:p:98-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milos Milenkovic Author-X-Name-First: Milos Author-X-Name-Last: Milenkovic Author-Name: Nebojsa Bojovic Author-X-Name-First: Nebojsa Author-X-Name-Last: Bojovic Title: Fuzzy modeling approach to the rail freight car inventory problem Abstract: Techniques to improve freight car fleet use are of considerable interest to the railroad industry. In this paper, we present a fuzzy inventory control approach applied to the sizing of empty cars on a rail network. We address the problem of deciding the optimal inventory level and the optimal ordering quantity for a rail freight car fleet system in which demand and travel time are uncertain variables represented as triangular fuzzy numbers. Based on the fuzzy economic order quantity (EOQ) formula, a modified fuzzy EOQ model is set up and the optimal policy is developed using the signed distance method to defuzzify the fuzzy total cost. Computational results made for the Serbian rail network case verify the proposed model as well as the efficiency of the approach. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 119-137 Issue: 2 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.851509 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.851509 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:2:p:119-137 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ioanna Pagoni Author-X-Name-First: Ioanna Author-X-Name-Last: Pagoni Author-Name: Voula Psaraki Author-X-Name-First: Voula Author-X-Name-Last: Psaraki Title: A tool for calculating aircraft emissions and its application to Greek airspace Abstract: This paper quantifies the impact of aircraft emissions on local air quality and climate change. Aircraft emissions during the cruise cycle and the landing/take-off cycle are considered. A tool is developed that computes emission values using real-time air traffic data derived from various databases. Emissions include carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. The overall output is a detailed 'emissions map' of a given territory that enables the identification of critical emission spots including routes, airports, season, aircraft type and flight category. The method can be used for real-time monitoring of airline emissions and for policy analysis. The proposed tool and resulting outputs are illustrated in the case of the Greek airport system using domestic, international and overflights. Demand volatility driven mainly by tourism and its impact on emissions is assessed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 138-153 Issue: 2 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.851510 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.851510 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:2:p:138-153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Subeh Chowdhury Author-X-Name-First: Subeh Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury Author-Name: Avishai Ceder Author-X-Name-First: Avishai Author-X-Name-Last: Ceder Author-Name: Ripul Sachdeva Author-X-Name-First: Ripul Author-X-Name-Last: Sachdeva Title: The effects of planned and unplanned transfers on public transport users' perception of transfer routes Abstract: Many authorities are investing in new infrastructure to improve the quality of public transport (PT) services in the hope to increase mode switch from cars. The goal is to provide users with an integrated multimodal PT network by facilitating transfers. There exists a lack in the clarity of the attributes which defines a planned transfer and the effects of planned transfers on users' willingness to use routes with transfers. The present study provides approximate effects of 'planned' and 'unplanned' transfers on PT users' decisions to use transfer routes. The study focuses on two attributes of 'planned' transfers, integrated physical connection of transfers and information integration. A user preference survey was undertaken in Auckland, New Zealand. Analysis of the results shows that physical integration is more important than information integration for current PT users. Results also suggest that information integration has a greater influence on users of transfer services which are more closely aligned to being 'unplanned'. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 154-168 Issue: 2 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.851511 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.851511 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:2:p:154-168 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chin Long Mak Author-X-Name-First: Chin Long Author-X-Name-Last: Mak Author-Name: Henry S.L. Fan Author-X-Name-First: Henry S.L. Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: Algorithm fusion method to enhance automatic incident detection on Melbourne freeways Abstract: This paper addresses the transferability issue faced by many practitioners in developing an effective and efficient automatic incident detection algorithm for different freeways. An algorithm fusion procedure developed for the Central Expressway in Singapore is evaluated to demonstrate its transferability potential in detecting lane-blocking incidents along freeways in Melbourne, Australia. This study observes that the flow-based algorithm fusion options that use a set of different detection threshold values for various pre-incident traffic flow conditions possess promising transferability potential. They give a reasonably high detection rate of above 80% with false alarm rate levels below 0.2% with mean-time-to-detect values less than 150 seconds. These flow-based algorithm fusion options significantly outperform a model specifically developed for traffic conditions on freeways in Melbourne. In conclusion, this method is capable of providing an alternative to the commonly practiced methods in detecting incidents along different sites. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 169-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.870790 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.870790 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:2:p:169-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Georges M. Arnaout Author-X-Name-First: Georges M. Author-X-Name-Last: Arnaout Author-Name: Jean-Paul Arnaout Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Arnaout Title: Exploring the effects of cooperative adaptive cruise control on highway traffic flow using microscopic traffic simulation Abstract: This paper examines the impact of having cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) embedded vehicles on traffic flow characteristics of a multilane highway system. The study identifies how CACC vehicles affect the dynamics of traffic flow on a complex network and reduce traffic congestion resulting from the acceleration/deceleration of the operating vehicles. An agent-based microscopic traffic simulation model (Flexible Agent-based Simulator of Traffic) is designed specifically to examine the impact of these intelligent vehicles on traffic flow. The flow rate of cars, the travel time spent, and other metrics indicating the evolution of traffic congestion throughout the lifecycle of the model are analyzed. Different CACC penetration levels are studied. The results indicate a better traffic flow performance and higher capacity in the case of CACC penetration compared to the scenario without CACC-embedded vehicles. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 186-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.870791 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.870791 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:2:p:186-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ari K.M. Tarigan Author-X-Name-First: Ari K.M. Author-X-Name-Last: Tarigan Author-Name: Yusak O. Susilo Author-X-Name-First: Yusak O. Author-X-Name-Last: Susilo Author-Name: Tri B. Joewono Author-X-Name-First: Tri B. Author-X-Name-Last: Joewono Title: Segmentation of paratransit users based on service quality and travel behaviour in Bandung, Indonesia Abstract: Using a data-set collected among paratransit users in Bandung, Indonesia, this paper explores the impacts of paratransit users' negative experiences and dissatisfactions with their paratransit usage pattern. Segmentation and ordered probit analyses are used to examine the impacts of users' opinions on service quality on their trip-making behaviour. The results indicate that users are divided into six segments - namely, the unlucky, the young user, the experienced, the adapter, the infrequent user and the captive. The results further indicate that paratransit users, especially women, perceive negative experiences related to on-time performance (departure and arrival time) and security issues related to vehicles. Despite these dissatisfactions and negative experiences, they are still likely to use paratransit as part of their daily life. Two paratransit market segments (the adapter and the captive) are also likely to result in more trips using paratransit. The study offers several strategies and recommendations that can improve the current paratransit system so that it can better serve local needs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 200-218 Issue: 2 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.870792 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.870792 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:2:p:200-218 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chih-Lin Chung Author-X-Name-First: Chih-Lin Author-X-Name-Last: Chung Author-Name: Will W. Recker Author-X-Name-First: Will W. Author-X-Name-Last: Recker Title: Potential applications of speed dispersion in defining freeway level of service and air emissions evaluation Abstract: Speed dispersion, with respect to its statistical relationships with fundamental traffic flow parameters, is used to measure freeway level of service in the context of 'no more than x% of vehicles with travel time up to y% greater than the free flow condition.' It is argued that such a measure not only reflects mobility, reliability, and - potentially - safety, but also avoids the vague descriptions associated with each service level in the current US Highway Capacity Manual. These relationships are then applied to produce speed distribution estimates for the MOtor Vehicle Emissions Simulator (MOVES) model. It is argued that the MOVES model's approach limits the distribution in two speed bins, results in unsupported speed dispersion, and may cause identical distributions under various average speeds. The proposed revised approach based on speed dispersion generates specific spread-out distributions consistent with empirical data. The findings of these two applications bring new concepts to current practice. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 219-234 Issue: 2 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.870793 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.870793 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:2:p:219-234 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ronald John Galiza Author-X-Name-First: Ronald John Author-X-Name-Last: Galiza Author-Name: Luis Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: Luis Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira Title: Converting mixed pedestrian flows into equivalent commuters using standard pedestrian equivalent factors Abstract: This paper develops the concept of standard pedestrian equivalent (SPE) factors for converting a mixed pedestrian flow into an equivalent commuter flow. After a comprehensive review of passenger car equivalent (PCE) methodologies, the equal total travel time method is utilised for SPE estimation. A micro-simulation approach is employed for the formulation of the total travel time-flow relationship. Field data collected on walking speed distributions for commuters and older adults in Australia are used as model inputs. An independent samples t-test confirms the significant difference between walking speeds of commuters and older adults. For this paper, a unidirectional flow on flat walkways is initially considered and evaluated across proportions of older people, different flows and different walkway widths. The introduction of older adults significantly increases total travel time especially under congested conditions. Results of this investigation can be used for evaluation or design of pedestrian facilities experiencing similar flow conditions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 235-246 Issue: 3 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.875275 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.875275 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:3:p:235-246 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David C. Broadstock Author-X-Name-First: David C. Author-X-Name-Last: Broadstock Author-Name: Alan Collins Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Collins Author-Name: Lester C. Hunt Author-X-Name-First: Lester C. Author-X-Name-Last: Hunt Title: Determining trip attraction rates for the UK office developments with limited observations and missing data Abstract: Development planning decisions are heavily reliant upon expensive and relatively scarce trip rate information data. With a view to curtailing excessive car use, development planning decisions must be made irrespective of how sparse the data are. In this regard, this study uses the UK's primary data source for trip rate data (Trip Rate Information Computer System, TRICS) to understand how incomplete information can influence the types of development/policy decisions that might arise from this data. Even within this source, there are elements of missing data, and the decision of how to handle these data gaps can affect planning decisions. Based upon a trip rate regression model, a sensitivity analysis of several common methods for handling incomplete data reveals there remains substantial divergence amongst what superficially appears to be fairly robust parameter estimates and, hence, planning outcomes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 247-263 Issue: 3 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.875276 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.875276 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:3:p:247-263 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Tolón-Becerra Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Tolón-Becerra Author-Name: X. Lastra-Bravo Author-X-Name-First: X. Author-X-Name-Last: Lastra-Bravo Author-Name: I. Flores-Parra Author-X-Name-First: I. Author-X-Name-Last: Flores-Parra Title: National road mortality reduction targets under European Union road safety policy: 2011-2020 Abstract: The European Union (EU) has proposed renewing the target for halving the number of road fatalities in the period 2011-2020. In this paper, a nonlinear distribution method for dynamic fatality reduction targets is applied for the purpose of finding individual national mortality reduction targets for each of the 27 member countries in the EU. Weighting is undertaken for four scenarios based on the following indicators: road mortality rates, fatality rates, fatality risks, and fatality density. Results are presented for four proposals to reduce the number of fatalities in each Member State, based on the original situation of the indicators considered in the study. The results seek to provide policy-makers with a broader vision with regard to the achievement of the goals of EU road safety policy. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 264-286 Issue: 3 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2013.875277 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2013.875277 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:3:p:264-286 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Debasis Basu Author-X-Name-First: Debasis Author-X-Name-Last: Basu Author-Name: John Douglas Hunt Author-X-Name-First: John Douglas Author-X-Name-Last: Hunt Title: Value of travel time for home-based school tours in California Abstract: The behavioral value of travel time is an important factor for evaluating alternative transportation facility or service improvement projects based on road user-benefit approach. This article presents the behavioral value of travel time with reference to home-based school tour in California. Initially a single value of travel time is quantified from multinomial logit and nested logit (NL) model estimate. Later random parameter logit (RPL) model is employed by specifying a random component for the travel time attribute. The values of travel time emanating from RPL model estimate are quantified across student population by assuming different types of tent-shaped random distributions such as triangular and normal. In this study the value of travel time is investigated separately for two types of home-based school tour: grade school and college-university. Overall this study examines the effect of alternative logit model specifications on quantification of value of travel time. The study is demonstrated using household travel diary data of the state of California, which is revealed preference in nature. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 287-306 Issue: 3 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.897125 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.897125 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:3:p:287-306 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiaoming Chen Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoming Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Yi Qi Author-X-Name-First: Yi Author-X-Name-Last: Qi Author-Name: Da Li Author-X-Name-First: Da Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Yubian Wang Author-X-Name-First: Yubian Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Dual right-turn lanes in mitigating weaving conflicts at frontage road intersections in proximity to off-ramps Abstract: At frontage road intersections located downstream of freeway off-ramps, the use of dual right-turn lanes may provide improved weaving environments for right-turning vehicles from the off-ramp and reduce forced merges toward the desired right-turn bay. This paper investigates the safety impacts of the installation of dual right-turn lanes at frontage road intersections. A two-stage approach is used to estimate weaving conflicts as safety surrogates. In the first stage, micro-simulation models are calibrated based on field data to simulate vehicle trajectories. In the second stage, the trajectories are processed to estimate surrogate safety measures and frequency of weaving conflicts under different conditions. The two-stage approach is validated by correlation analysis between predicted weaving conflicts and actual crash rates. The results show that dual right-turn lanes can reduce weaving conflicts significantly compared to single exclusive right-turn lanes, and the safety benefits increase exponentially as weaving distance is reduced. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 307-319 Issue: 3 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.897126 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.897126 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:3:p:307-319 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Caspar G. Chorus Author-X-Name-First: Caspar G. Author-X-Name-Last: Chorus Title: Risk aversion, regret aversion and travel choice inertia: an experimental study Abstract: This paper presents the results of an experimental study into the role of risk aversion and regret aversion as codeterminants of travel choice inertia. Theoretical results published by Chorus and Dellaert are tested empirically. More specifically, the expectation is tested that when (1) travelers are risk averse, (2) the quality of travel choices is uncertain, and (3) the quality is partially revealed upon usage, travel choice inertia emerges as a learning-based lock-in effect. In addition, this paper studies the role of regret aversion as a possible trigger of travel choice inertia. Analyses are based on data collected in an experiment, where the reward that participants obtain is a function of the outcome of choices they make. Empirical results suggest that the learning-based lock-in effect indeed plays a role in the context of our data. The evidence for the hypothesis that regret aversion triggers inertia is mixed at best. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 321-332 Issue: 4 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.899076 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.899076 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:4:p:321-332 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joakim Ekström Author-X-Name-First: Joakim Author-X-Name-Last: Ekström Author-Name: Leonid Engelson Author-X-Name-First: Leonid Author-X-Name-Last: Engelson Author-Name: Clas Rydergren Author-X-Name-First: Clas Author-X-Name-Last: Rydergren Title: Optimal toll locations and toll levels in congestion pricing schemes: a case study of Stockholm Abstract: As congestion pricing has moved from theoretical ideas in the literature to real-world implementation, the need for decision support when designing pricing schemes has become evident. This paper deals with the problem of finding optimal toll levels and locations in a road traffic network and presents a case study of Stockholm. The optimisation problem of finding optimal toll levels, given a predetermined cordon, and the problem of finding both optimal toll locations and levels are presented, and previously developed heuristics are used for solving these problems. For the Stockholm case study, the possible welfare gains of optimising toll levels in the current cordon and optimising both toll locations and their corresponding toll levels are evaluated. It is shown that by tuning the toll levels in the current congestion pricing cordon used in Stockholm, the welfare gain can be increased significantly, and furthermore improved by allowing a toll on a major bypass highway. It is also shown that, by optimising both toll locations and levels, a congestion pricing scheme with welfare gain close to what can be achieved by marginal social cost pricing can be designed with tolls being located on only a quarter of the tollable links. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 333-353 Issue: 4 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.897129 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.897129 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:4:p:333-353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Francisco J. Calvo Author-X-Name-First: Francisco J. Author-X-Name-Last: Calvo Author-Name: Juan de Oña Author-X-Name-First: Juan Author-X-Name-Last: de Oña Author-Name: Rocío de Oña Author-X-Name-First: Rocío Author-X-Name-Last: de Oña Author-Name: Griselda López Author-X-Name-First: Griselda Author-X-Name-Last: López Author-Name: Laura Garach Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Garach Title: A proposal for cost-related and market-oriented train running charges Abstract: This paper examines some key aspects of a charging system for promoting railway transport, including charges reflecting a clear relationship with costs (transparency) and charges reflecting the quality of the infrastructure manager's service. Train running charges recover track-related costs and can help to develop a charging system that meets these requirements. To orient train running charges to the market, a method for processing track maintenance and renewal costs is proposed whereby the quality of the service provided by an infrastructure is measured according to its utility to the railway undertaking. To achieve transparency, a single indicator is used for cost planning and the subsequent levying of costs on railway undertakings. The paper includes an example of how proposed train running charges would be calculated according to data from 14 European countries. The example shows that short-distance trains generate the lowest maintenance and renewal costs, followed by long-distance trains and freight trains. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 354-372 Issue: 4 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.897127 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.897127 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:4:p:354-372 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohamad Raduan bin Kabit Author-X-Name-First: Mohamad Raduan bin Author-X-Name-Last: Kabit Author-Name: Phil Charles Author-X-Name-First: Phil Author-X-Name-Last: Charles Author-Name: Luis Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: Luis Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira Author-Name: Inhi Kim Author-X-Name-First: Inhi Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Modelling major traffic incident impacts and estimation of their associated costs Abstract: Network area-wide impacts due to major traffic incidents can be assessed using a microsimulation approach. A VISSIM microsimulation model for a motorway network has been developed and is used to quantify impacts of a major incident in terms of associated costs. The modelled results reveal that a 65% capacity reduction results in 36% more incident-induced delay when compared with the application of a 50% capacity reduction assumption for a two-hour incident clearance duration that blocked one lane of a two-lane motorway. Additionally, an incident which caused a full blockage incurred 40 times more associated impact costs when compared with a major incident which caused a one lane blockage. A 23% cost saving can be achieved by clearing one lane of a fully blocked two-hour major traffic incident after 90 minutes, while a 37% cost saving can be achieved by clearing all blockages after 90 minutes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 373-390 Issue: 4 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.897130 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.897130 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:4:p:373-390 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: F. Golbabaei Author-X-Name-First: F. Author-X-Name-Last: Golbabaei Author-Name: F. Moghadas Nejad Author-X-Name-First: F. Moghadas Author-X-Name-Last: Nejad Author-Name: A.R. Noory Author-X-Name-First: A.R. Author-X-Name-Last: Noory Title: A microscopic analysis of speed deviation impacts on lane-changing behavior Abstract: Driving behavior models that capture drivers' tactical maneuvering decisions in different traffic conditions are essential to microscopic traffic simulation systems. This paper focuses on a parameter that has a great impact on road users' aggressive overtaking maneuvers and directly affects lane-changing models (an integral part of microscopic traffic simulation models), namely, speed deviation. The objective of this research is to investigate the impacts of speed deviation in terms of performance measures (delay time, network mean speed, and travel time duration) and the number of lane-change maneuvers using the Aimsun traffic simulator. Following calibration of the model for a section of urban highway in Tehran, this paper explores the sensitivity of lane-changing maneuvers during different speed deviations by conducting two types of test. Simulation results show that, by decreasing speed deviation, the number of lane changes reduces remarkably and so network safety increases, thus reducing travel time due to an increase in network mean speed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 391-407 Issue: 4 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.897128 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.897128 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:4:p:391-407 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Janic Author-X-Name-First: Milan Author-X-Name-Last: Janic Title: Estimating the long-term effects of different passenger car technologies on energy/fuel consumption and emissions of greenhouse gases in Europe Abstract: This paper estimates the prospective long-term effects of innovative and new passenger car technologies such as hybrid vehicles, battery electric vehicles, hydrogen vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles on energy/fuel consumption and related emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in a given region - Europe. For such purposes, a methodology for estimating these effects is developed consisting of three models: (1) a model for determining the volumes of passenger car use; (2) a model for calculating energy consumption of particular passenger car technologies; and (3) a model for quantifying emissions of GHG by these passenger car technologies under given conditions. The methodology is applied to the region of the 27 Member States of the European Union using the 'what-if?' scenario approach. Results include estimates of the annual and cumulative quantities of GHGs in terms of carbon dioxide equivalents emitted under the given scenarios. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 409-429 Issue: 5 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.912417 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.912417 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:5:p:409-429 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jen-Jia Lin Author-X-Name-First: Jen-Jia Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Author-Name: Huei-In Wong Author-X-Name-First: Huei-In Author-X-Name-Last: Wong Title: Optimization of a feeder-bus route design by using a multiobjective programming approach Abstract: This paper presents a feeder-bus route design model, capable of minimizing route length, minimizing maximum route travel time of planned routes, and maximizing service coverage for trip generation. The proposed model considers constraints of route connectivity, subtour prevention, travel time upper bound of a route, relationships between route layout and service coverage, and value ranges of decision variables. Parameter uncertainties are dealt with using fuzzy numbers, and the model is developed as a multiobjective programming problem. A case study of a metro station in Taichung City, Taiwan is then conducted. Next, the programming problem in the case study is solved, based on the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution approach to obtain the compromise route design. Results of the case study confirm that the routes of the proposed model perform better than existing routes in terms of network length and service coverage. Additionally, increasing the number of feeder-bus routes decreases maximum route travel time, increases service coverage, and increases network length. To our knowledge, the proposed model is the first bus route design model in the literature to consider simultaneously various stakeholder needs and support for bus route planners in developing alternatives for further evaluation efficiently and systematically. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 430-449 Issue: 5 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.912418 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.912418 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:5:p:430-449 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dilek Tuzun Aksu Author-X-Name-First: Dilek Author-X-Name-Last: Tuzun Aksu Author-Name: Samet Yılmaz Author-X-Name-First: Samet Author-X-Name-Last: Yılmaz Title: Transit coordination with heterogeneous headways Abstract: We consider the transit coordination problem with heterogeneous headways. Timetables with heterogeneous headways improve coordination between transit lines and reduce transfer time for connecting passengers. Unfortunately, deviating from homogeneous headways impacts adversely on initial waiting times experienced prior to embarking on the initial vehicle of a trip. We focus on this trade-off between transfer waiting time and initial waiting time, which has not been explored previously, and develop a mathematical model to quantify the benefits of heterogeneous headways. We also propose a genetic algorithm (GA) to solve the transit coordination problem with heterogeneous headways and demonstrate the benefit of heterogeneous headways based on two examples from the literature and one real-life example based on the rail transit network of Istanbul. Computational results suggest that the GA solves the transit coordination problem within a reasonable time and significant benefits can be achieved by adopting timetables with heterogeneous headways. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 450-465 Issue: 5 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.912419 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.912419 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:5:p:450-465 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuanqing Wang Author-X-Name-First: Yuanqing Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Lei Li Author-X-Name-First: Lei Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Li Wang Author-X-Name-First: Li Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Adrian Moore Author-X-Name-First: Adrian Author-X-Name-Last: Moore Author-Name: Samuel Staley Author-X-Name-First: Samuel Author-X-Name-Last: Staley Author-Name: Zongzhi Li Author-X-Name-First: Zongzhi Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: Modeling traveler mode choice behavior of a new high-speed rail corridor in China Abstract: This study examines mode choice behavior for intercity business and personal/recreational trips. It uses multinomial logit and nested logit methods to analyze revealed preference data provided by travelers along the Yong-Tai-Wen multimodal corridor in Zhejiang, China. Income levels are found to be positively correlated with mode share increases for high-speed rail (HSR), expressway-based bus, and auto modes, while travel time and trip costs are negatively correlated with modal shift. Longer distance trips trigger modal shifts to HSR services but prevent modal shift to expressway-based auto use due to escalation of fuel cost and toll charges. Travelers are less elastic in their travel time and cost for trips by nonexpressway-based auto use modes. The magnitude of elasticity for travel time is higher than trip costs for business trips and lower for personal/recreational trips. The study provides some policy suggestions for transportation planners and decision-makers. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 466-483 Issue: 5 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.912420 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.912420 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:5:p:466-483 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S.S.V. Subbarao Author-X-Name-First: S.S.V. Author-X-Name-Last: Subbarao Author-Name: K.V.K. Rao Author-X-Name-First: K.V.K. Author-X-Name-Last: Rao Title: Characteristics of household activity and travel patterns in the Mumbai metropolitan region Abstract: Activity-based modelling approaches require a typical survey instrument which can collect the finer details of activities of each individual over both time and space. This paper focuses on the design of a new survey instrument called an activity-travel diary; examines its method of administration; and analyses activity-travel behaviour in the context of developing countries. The Mumbai Metropolitan Region in India is selected as the study area. With the aim of understanding the activities of each individual over a period of time, a pilot survey was conducted in a continuous time frame for a period of 15 days, followed by a main survey. The analysis of data collected by the instrument reveals some interesting facts regarding the relationships between socioeconomic attributes, activities and trip making behaviour. Identification of interactions among households and other members were also facilitated by the newly designed diary, which is not a well-versed topic for research in the context of a developing economy like Mumbai's. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 484-504 Issue: 5 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.912421 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.912421 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:5:p:484-504 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Guoqiang Shen Author-X-Name-First: Guoqiang Author-X-Name-Last: Shen Author-Name: Saniye Gizem Aydin Author-X-Name-First: Saniye Gizem Author-X-Name-Last: Aydin Title: Origin-destination missing data estimation for freight transportation planning: a gravity model-based regression approach Abstract: This paper develops a log-linear regression approach to estimate missing data in a sparse origin-destination (O-D) matrix assuming the sampled or observed O-D trips follow a good gravity pattern. The approach is tested with randomly selected samples from the known portions of 1997, 2002, and 2007 US Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) O-D value and tonnage matrices and validated with 2007 US O-D tonnage matrix at the state level. The missing data are also estimated for the 2007 CFS tonnage matrix with the best intercept and coefficients obtained using all known entries of the matrix. The concept of the approach can be extended beyond the gravity model to any strong mathematical pattern embedded in the known set of a sparse O-D matrix to estimate its missing cells. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 505-524 Issue: 6 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.927665 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.927665 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:6:p:505-524 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tzay-An Shiau Author-X-Name-First: Tzay-An Author-X-Name-Last: Shiau Title: Evaluating transport infrastructure decisions under uncertainty Abstract: This study uses a hybrid approach, combining cost-benefit analysis (CBA), multiple criteria decision analysis, and Dempster-Shafer Theory, to evaluate transport infrastructure decisions. This approach not only retains the advantages of CBA, but it also facilitates the incorporation of incomplete information into the evaluation process. A particular advantage of this hybrid approach is that it can synthesize evaluation results into an easily understood unit, namely utility. A case study of Taiwan's Tamsui-Taipei Riverside Highway Project is used to illustrate the evaluation method. The evaluation results show that, whereas government officials and city council members support the highway project, academic researchers oppose it. Overall, the decision group tends to positively approve this transport infrastructure investment. These results also reflect the actual situation in Taiwan as stakeholders grapple with the issues arising from the proposed Tamsui-Taipei Riverside Highway Project. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 525-538 Issue: 6 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.921405 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.921405 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:6:p:525-538 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hsu-Hao Yang Author-X-Name-First: Hsu-Hao Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Yen-Sheng Huang Author-X-Name-First: Yen-Sheng Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Title: Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports Abstract: This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 539-553 Issue: 6 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.921406 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.921406 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:6:p:539-553 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yan Xing Author-X-Name-First: Yan Author-X-Name-Last: Xing Author-Name: Susan Handy Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Handy Title: Online versus phone surveys: comparison of results for a bicycling survey Abstract: Researchers in the transportation field rely heavily on traditional random-digit-dialing phone surveys and increasingly on online surveys. Many studies have looked at the strengths and weaknesses of the two methods, but few have examined differences in the inferences that can be drawn from the data generated by the two survey methods. In this paper, we compare both descriptive and inferential results from online and phone surveys with identical questions conducted in Davis, California. Results show that although bicycling behavior does not differ across the two survey samples, many socio-demographic characteristics do. The models developed from each sample have several statistically indistinguishable coefficients but also notable differences in key explanatory factors. The results suggest that online and phone survey methods have the potential to produce significantly different results, both descriptively and inferentially. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 554-567 Issue: 6 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.921407 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.921407 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:6:p:554-567 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wei-Chun Hsu Author-X-Name-First: Wei-Chun Author-X-Name-Last: Hsu Author-Name: Lin Lin Author-X-Name-First: Lin Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Author-Name: Chen-Yu Li Author-X-Name-First: Chen-Yu Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: Forecasting automobile sales: the Peña-Box approach Abstract: As a response to growing concerns regarding the call for clean energy and its impact on future automobile sales, this study uses a classical factor model and the Peña-Box model to examine the contemporary and time-varying relationships of different brands/models of cars in Taiwan between 2003 and 2007. In this paper, we demonstrate the complementary characteristics of these two analytical and forecasting methods. The results confirm that these two models can derive equally important but different information from the same time series data. Furthermore, the models are a useful marketing tool for discovering the current preferences of car purchasers, as well as their preference changes over time. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 568-580 Issue: 6 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.921408 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.921408 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:6:p:568-580 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chih-Lin Chung Author-X-Name-First: Chih-Lin Author-X-Name-Last: Chung Author-Name: Will W. Recker Author-X-Name-First: Will W. Author-X-Name-Last: Recker Title: Characteristics of speed dispersion and its relationship to fundamental traffic flow parameters Abstract: Speed dispersion is essential for transportation research but inaccessible to certain sensors that simply record density, mean speed, and/or flow. An alternative is to relate speed dispersion with these available parameters. This paper is compiled from nearly a quarter million observations on an urban freeway and a resulting data-set with two speed dispersion measures and the three fundamental parameters. Data are examined individually by lane and aggregately by direction. The first dispersion measure, coefficient of variation of speed, is found to be exponential with density, negative exponential with mean speed, and two-phase linear to flow. These empirical relationships are proven to be general for a variety of coefficient ranges under the above function forms. The second measure, standard deviation of speed, does not present any simple relationships to the fundamental parameters, and its maximum occurs at around a half to two-thirds of the free flow speed. Speed dispersion may be significantly different by lane. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 581-597 Issue: 7 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.921404 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.921404 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:7:p:581-597 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Claudine J. Moutou Author-X-Name-First: Claudine J. Author-X-Name-Last: Moutou Author-Name: Stephen P. Greaves Author-X-Name-First: Stephen P. Author-X-Name-Last: Greaves Title: Determining strategies to increase response rates in transport surveys of small shop-based businesses Abstract: Increasing representation of small business perspectives in policy research would benefit from identifying strategies to increase response rates. Despite the significance of the issue, there is inconsistent reporting amongst small business research about issues such as sampling, recruitment and survey design. Reporting on such issues may help address the under-representation of small business respondents and help reduce wasting research resources on less effective strategies. For policy matters that have the potential to disrupt how small business owners run their business, this is of particular importance. This paper reports on a survey of small businesses about changes to the transport accessibility features of a town centre that have the potential to affect the supply of car parking. Based on a review of the available literature, strategies were adopted to reduce respondent burden and maximise engagement. The paper presents an analysis of recruitment approaches in the first wave of the survey and demonstrates how the refinements to the recruitment approach were successful in achieving an increase in response rate from 40% to 47%. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 598-622 Issue: 7 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.935568 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.935568 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:7:p:598-622 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sebastián Lozano Author-X-Name-First: Sebastián Author-X-Name-Last: Lozano Author-Name: Ester Gutiérrez Author-X-Name-First: Ester Author-X-Name-Last: Gutiérrez Title: A slacks-based network DEA efficiency analysis of European airlines Abstract: Conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models consider a system as a single-process 'black box'. There are, however, DEA approaches that consider a system as composed of distinct processes or stages, each one with its own inputs and outputs and with intermediate flows among the stages. In this paper, a network DEA approach to airline efficiency assessment is presented. One conclusion of the study is that the network DEA approach has more discriminative power than the single-process DEA approach and that the computed targets, efficiency scores and rankings are more valid. This is because network DEA allows for a more fine-grained analysis that leads to a more realistic estimation of the overall system production possibility set than the one assumed by conventional DEA. In other words, compared with network DEA the conventional, single-process DEA represents an aggregated analysis that merges all system processes with their inputs and outputs and ignores their internal flows. The main drawbacks are the need for more detailed data (i.e. at the process level) and the greater complexity of the resulting models, especially if there are inputs or outputs that are shared among the processes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 623-637 Issue: 7 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.935569 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.935569 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:7:p:623-637 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ľudmila Jánošíková Author-X-Name-First: Ľudmila Author-X-Name-Last: Jánošíková Author-Name: Jiří Slavík Author-X-Name-First: Jiří Author-X-Name-Last: Slavík Author-Name: Michal Koháni Author-X-Name-First: Michal Author-X-Name-Last: Koháni Title: Estimation of a route choice model for urban public transport using smart card data Abstract: This paper describes a logit model of route choice for urban public transport and explains how the archived data from a smart card-based fare payment system can be used for the choice set generation and model estimation. It demonstrates the feasibility and simplicity of applying a trip-chaining method to infer passenger journeys from smart card transactions data. Not only origins and destinations of passenger journeys can be inferred but also the interchanges between the segments of a linked journey can be recognised. The attributes of the corresponding routes, such as in-vehicle travel time, transfer walking time and to get from alighting stop to trip destination, the need to change, and the time headway of the first transportation line, can be determined by the combination of smart card data with other data sources, such as a street map and timetable. The smart card data represent a large volume of revealed preference data that allows travellers' behaviour to be modelled with higher accuracy than by using traditional survey data. A multinomial route choice model is proposed and estimated by the maximum likelihood method, using urban public transport in Žilina, the Slovak Republic, as a case study Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 638-648 Issue: 7 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.935570 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.935570 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:7:p:638-648 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shahram Bohluli Author-X-Name-First: Shahram Author-X-Name-Last: Bohluli Author-Name: Siamak Ardekani Author-X-Name-First: Siamak Author-X-Name-Last: Ardekani Author-Name: Farzad Daneshgar Author-X-Name-First: Farzad Author-X-Name-Last: Daneshgar Title: Development and validation of a direct mode choice model Abstract: A direct discrete mode choice model is introduced using relative attributes of competing modes as well as socioeconomic characteristics of travelers. The model is calibrated and validated for two available historic databases in the Dallas-Fort Worth region. The validation is conducted against the outputs of a current nested logit model used by the regional planning organization as well as the observed values based on transit ridership surveys for a newly inaugurated commuter rail service. The calibrated model is applied after the introduction of this new transit mode. The results show that the estimated mode shares by the proposed model have a statistically better consistency with the observed values than the estimates of the conventional nested logit model. Unlike the logit model, the structure of the direct model based on relative attributes also has the advantage of not needing recalibration each time a new travel mode is introduced. The model is found to be easier to calibrate and produces more accurate results than the nested logit model, commonly used by many metropolitan planning organizations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 649-662 Issue: 7 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.935571 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.935571 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:7:p:649-662 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Louis de Grange Author-X-Name-First: Louis Author-X-Name-Last: de Grange Author-Name: Juan Carlos Muñoz Author-X-Name-First: Juan Carlos Author-X-Name-Last: Muñoz Author-Name: Rodrigo Troncoso Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo Author-X-Name-Last: Troncoso Title: A microeconomic interpretation for the system optimal traffic assignment problem with nonadditive path cost Abstract: Using a Bergson-Samuelson welfare function, we outline a microeconomic interpretation of the effects of the non-linearity in the time/cost relationship for travellers in a congested transport network. It is demonstrated that a marginal cost traffic flow assignment following Wardrop's second principle, although it minimizes the total cost of a transport network, may reduce social welfare compared to the market equilibrium assignment based on Wardrop's first principle. A welfare-maximizing assignment model is presented and used to show that if the travellers' utility functions are linear, the assignment that maximizes social welfare will be the same as the assignment that minimizes total network cost, but if users' utility functions are non-linear (reflecting the traditional non-satiation and diminishing marginal utility axioms), the two assignments will be different. It is further shown that the effects of this non-linearity are such that a welfare-maximizing assignment will meet with less user resistance than a minimum total network cost assignment. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 663-677 Issue: 8 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.959351 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.959351 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:8:p:663-677 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lasse Makkonen Author-X-Name-First: Lasse Author-X-Name-Last: Makkonen Author-Name: Jussi Ylhäisi Author-X-Name-First: Jussi Author-X-Name-Last: Ylhäisi Author-Name: Jouko Törnqvist Author-X-Name-First: Jouko Author-X-Name-Last: Törnqvist Author-Name: Andrew Dawson Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Dawson Author-Name: Jouni Räisänen Author-X-Name-First: Jouni Author-X-Name-Last: Räisänen Title: Climate change projections for variables affecting road networks in Europe Abstract: Global climate change will affect road networks during this century. The effects will be different in various parts of the world due to differences in local climate change and in the structure and properties of roads. In this paper, climate change projections are presented for climate variables that are most likely to affect the long-term performance of road networks in Europe. We apply four regional climate simulations up to the year 2100 using two plausible future emission scenarios. The results show that the changing climate will require significant adaptation measures in the near future in order to maintain the operability of the European road network. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 678-694 Issue: 8 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.959352 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.959352 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:8:p:678-694 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laura Eboli Author-X-Name-First: Laura Author-X-Name-Last: Eboli Author-Name: Gabriella Mazzulla Author-X-Name-First: Gabriella Author-X-Name-Last: Mazzulla Title: Investigating the heterogeneity of bus users' preferences through discrete choice modelling Abstract: In this paper we investigate differences in bus passengers' perceptions about transit service quality through the calibration of different discrete choice logit models (multinomial, mixed and latent class models) in which users' heterogeneity is introduced. The application of these different approaches to the same experimental context is proposed, highlighting the findings emerging from the analysis. The importance of investigating passengers' perceptions can help transit operators and transportation planners prepare better investment plans; therefore, to adopt tools able to take into account the heterogeneity among users is very important for obtaining as reliable as possible service quality measures. We find that there are observed and unobserved groups of users who perceive service quality differently, and that there is heterogeneity among users in perceiving certain bus service characteristics. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 695-710 Issue: 8 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.959353 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.959353 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:8:p:695-710 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Raj Bridgelall Author-X-Name-First: Raj Author-X-Name-Last: Bridgelall Title: Campus parking supply impacts on transportation mode choice Abstract: Parking demand is a significant land-use problem in campus planning. The parking policies of universities and large corporations with facilities located in small urban areas shape the character of their campuses. These facilities will benefit from a simplified methodology to study the effects of parking availability on transportation mode mix and impacts on recruitment and staffing policies. This paper, based on a case study of North Dakota State University in the United States, introduces an analytical framework to provide planners with insights about how parking supply and demand affects campus transportation mode choice. The methodology relies only on aggregate mode choice data for the special generator zone and the average aggregate volume/capacity ratio projections for all external routes that access the zone. This reduced data requirement significantly lowers analysis cost and obviates the need for specialized modelling software and spatial network analysis tools. Results illustrate that the framework is effective for analysing mode choice changes under different scenarios of parking supply and population growth. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 711-737 Issue: 8 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.959354 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.959354 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:8:p:711-737 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Feng Guo Author-X-Name-First: Feng Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Author-Name: Lisa Aultman-Hall Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Aultman-Hall Title: A zone design methodology for national freight origin-destination data and transportation modeling Abstract: The zone system used for freight data collection and the geographic resolution of published data has a significant impact on analysis and planning. The majority of existing freight model zones are created in an ad hoc way. In this paper, a new model-based design method is introduced to develop freight zones for the continental USA. It focuses on two methodology issues: (1) the criteria that represent the desired properties of a zone system and (2) the constraints that govern the shape, size, and continuity of zones. The method is applied to the continental USA by optimizing an interzonal travel distance weighted by freight flows using county-level freight data. Several optimal national-level freight zone systems with different numbers of zones are developed. The results indicate that a 300-zone system provides a balance between the number of zones and optimization measures where the currently available public freight data are provided with approximately 100 zones. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 738-756 Issue: 8 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.959355 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.959355 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:8:p:738-756 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Vanoutrive Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Vanoutrive Title: Workplace travel plans: can they be evaluated effectively by experts? Abstract: Employers are regularly involved in transport planning and characteristic workplace-oriented tools include: (1) travel plans for building projects, (2) mandatory travel plans, (3) subsidies to employers with an advanced travel plan and (4) best travel plan awards. In all cases, experts judge the level of car use. We argue that decision-makers might benefit from a multiple regression-based benchmark modelling tool that estimates the expected share of the car. In this paper, we estimate the share of car users in the commuting modal split at workplaces. However, since the amount of information available to experts differs, we gradually add information to the model to measure the impact of data availability. Without historic data on modal split, the current share can only be predicted moderately well, i.e. within a 20% range. Besides adding the past, results improve by using homogenous and regional subsamples. Nevertheless, quantitative analyses do not make expert knowledge obsolete. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 757-774 Issue: 8 Volume: 37 Year: 2014 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.959356 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.959356 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:37:y:2014:i:8:p:757-774 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Author-Name: Neil Thorpe Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Thorpe Title: Universities' Transport Study Group UK Annual Conference 2014 Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-2 Issue: 1 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.986257 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.986257 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:1:p:1-2 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicholas B. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas B. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Benjamin G. Heydecker Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin G. Author-X-Name-Last: Heydecker Title: Estimating probability distributions of dynamic queues Abstract: Queues are often associated with uncertainty or unreliability, which can arise from chance or climatic events, phase changes in system behaviour, or inherent randomness. Knowing the probability distribution of the number of customers in a queue is important for estimating the risk of stress or disruption to routine services and upstream blocking, potentially leading to exceeding critical limits, gridlock or incidents. The present paper focuses on time-varying queues produced by transient oversaturation during demand peaks where there is randomness in arrivals and service. The objective is to present practical methods for estimating a probability distribution from knowledge of the mean, variance and utilisation (degree of saturation) of a queue available from computationally efficient, if approximate, time-dependent calculation. This is made possible by a novel expression for time-dependent queue variance. The queue processes considered are those commonly used to represent isolated priority (M/M/1) and signal-like (M/D/1) systems, plus some statistical variations within the common Pollaczek-Khinchin framework. Results are verified by comparison with Markov simulation based on recurrence relations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 3-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.976987 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.976987 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:1:p:3-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xucheng Li Author-X-Name-First: Xucheng Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: John Preston Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Preston Title: Assessing the financial and social costs of public transport in differing operating environments and with endogenous demand Abstract: This paper uses a previously developed spreadsheet cost model which simulates public transport modes operated on a 12-km route to analyse the total costs of different passenger demand levels. The previous cost model was a very powerful tool to estimate the social and operator costs for different public transport technologies. However, as the model is strategic, some basic assumptions were made which are relaxed in this paper. First, the speed-flow equation in the original spreadsheet model assumes that speed decreases according to the ratio of the current frequency and the lane capacity which is based on the safety headway without taking into account passenger boardings. However, this may vary in different operating environments. Therefore, the speed-flow equation is improved by moving from a linear equation to a piecewise equation that considers the features of different operating environments. Second, the model assumes that supply is sufficient to meet demand. However, when the level of demand is high for the lower-capacity public transport technologies, passengers may find the incoming vehicle full and therefore, they have to wait more than one service interval. This paper applies queuing theory to investigate the probability of having to wait longer than the expected service headways which will affect the average passenger waiting time. The extra waiting time for each passenger is calculated and applied in the spreadsheet cost model. Third, the original model assumed that demand was externally fixed (exogenous). To evaluate the differences after applying these equations, endogenous demand rather than exogenous demand will be investigated by using the elasticities for passenger waiting time and journey time. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 28-43 Issue: 1 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.976981 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.976981 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:1:p:28-43 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charles Musselwhite Author-X-Name-First: Charles Author-X-Name-Last: Musselwhite Title: Environment-person interactions enabling walking in later life Abstract: Traditionally, theory suggests the ageing individual is strongly influenced by the environment and has difficulties in overcoming distance and space. Recently, however, theory has moved to suggest that older people possess greater agency, being more capable of selecting and mastering their environments and spaces according to their needs and preferences. This paper suggests that both opposing theories are correct for differing groups. Observations and surveys of older people (n = 365) in public space examined how far person-environment agency is present in active use of outdoor space, measured by confidence to use and explore space, in three locations (urban shopping centres, suburban residential area and an area of shared space). In all three areas, dominance of the space was associated with being male and having higher levels of reported health, confidence and higher socio-economic status. Only 11% of participants walked at least as fast as the UK department for transport guidance on crossing speeds. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 44-61 Issue: 1 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.976983 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.976983 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:1:p:44-61 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jonathan Burchell Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Author-X-Name-Last: Burchell Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Author-Name: Marcus Enoch Author-X-Name-First: Marcus Author-X-Name-Last: Enoch Title: The Smeed Report 50 years on: a role for the workplace parking levy? Abstract: Fifty years ago, Reuben Smeed chaired a study and produced a Report on the Economic and Technical Possibilities of Road Pricing. This report was to consider different methods of charging, including road pricing, to see if different pricing methods could reduce the problems associated with congestion as opposed to the traditional methods in place such as fuel tax. Since that time, various attempts have been made to introduce road pricing schemes but with only modest success so far. By contrast parking policies, a second-best alternative to road pricing, have been extensively used by local authorities as a means of managing congestion. The effectiveness of such policies, however, has been limited by an increase in the proportion of privately owned non-residential parking which is not under the control of local authorities. The aim of this paper is to present the results of an early-stage, post-implementation study of the Nottingham Workplace Parking Levy (WPL) - a measure that charges employers for the number of parking spaces they provide for their staff. Particular emphasis is placed on why a WPL was seen as being favourable compared to a road pricing alternative. The reason for this was that it could be introduced in a shorter time frame and at a lower cost, thus making it a lower risk option when compared with road pricing. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 62-77 Issue: 1 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.976986 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.976986 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:1:p:62-77 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.P. Powell Author-X-Name-First: J.P. Author-X-Name-Last: Powell Author-Name: R. Palacín Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Palacín Title: A comparison of modelled and real-life driving profiles for the simulation of railway vehicle operation Abstract: A key factor in determining the performance of a railway system is the speed profile of the trains within the network. There can be significant variation in this speed profile for identical trains on identical routes, depending on how the train is driven. A better understanding and control of speed profiles can therefore offer significant potential for improvements in the performance of railway systems. This paper develops a model to allow the variability of real-life driving profiles of railway vehicles to be quantitatively described and predicted, in order to better account for the effects on the speed profile of the train and hence the performance of the railway network as a whole. The model is validated against data from the Tyne and Wear Metro, and replicates the measured data to a good degree of accuracy. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 78-93 Issue: 1 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.976984 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.976984 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:1:p:78-93 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ying Li Author-X-Name-First: Ying Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Andy H.F. Chow Author-X-Name-First: Andy H.F. Author-X-Name-Last: Chow Title: Optimisation of motorway operations via ramp metering and variable speed limits Abstract: This paper presents a modelling and optimisation framework for deriving ramp metering and variable speed control strategies. We formulate the optimal control problems aiming to minimise the travel delay on motorways based upon a macroscopic cell transmission model of traffic. The optimal ramp metering optimisation is formulated as a linear programming (LP) while the variable speed control problem is formulated as a mixed integer LP. The optimisation models are applied to a real scenario over a section of M25 motorway in the UK. This paper also includes various analyses on the sensitivity of the optimal control solutions with respect to different network configurations and model assumptions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 94-110 Issue: 1 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.976982 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.976982 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:1:p:94-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James Pritchard Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Pritchard Author-Name: John Preston Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Preston Author-Name: John Armstrong Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Armstrong Title: Making meaningful comparisons between road and rail - substituting average energy consumption data for rail with empirical analysis Abstract: Within the transport sector, modal shift towards more efficient and less polluting modes could be a key policy goal to help meet targets to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions. However, making comparisons between modes is not necessarily straightforward. Average energy and emissions data are often relied upon, particularly for, rail, which may not be applicable to a given context. Some UK train operating companies have recently fitted electricity metres to their trains, from which energy consumption data have been obtained. This has enabled an understanding to be gained of how energy consumption and related emissions are affected by a number of factors, including train and service type. Comparisons are made with existing data for road and rail. It is noted that although more specific data can be useful in informing policy and making some decisions, average data continue to play an important role when considering the overall picture. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 111-130 Issue: 1 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.976985 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.976985 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:1:p:111-130 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Beecroft Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Beecroft Author-Name: Kate Pangbourne Author-X-Name-First: Kate Author-X-Name-Last: Pangbourne Title: Future prospects for personal security in travel by public transport Abstract: This paper reports findings from a project focused on understanding the interaction between transport technologies and user needs and perceptions in supporting personal security in travel by public transport. The research engaged over 60 experts from across the UK transport sector in a combination of interviews, workshops and scenario planning activities to address a set of four application areas in relation to secure travel. These areas were information provision, travel disruption, automated transport services and flexible transport services. Four future scenario narratives (to a 2040 time horizon) were developed for each application area. A final workshop consolidated and reviewed the narrative scenarios and pulled out key themes and priority issues for policy, practice and research for the near term. Consequently a set of policy recommendations, operator and business opportunities, knowledge gaps and research priorities were identified to support and enhance provision for personal security in travel by public transport. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 131-148 Issue: 1 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.976980 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.976980 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:1:p:131-148 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alexander Y. Bigazzi Author-X-Name-First: Alexander Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Bigazzi Author-Name: Kelly J. Clifton Author-X-Name-First: Kelly J. Author-X-Name-Last: Clifton Title: Modeling the effects of congestion on fuel economy for advanced power train vehicles Abstract: Fuel-speed curves (FSC) are used to account for the aggregate effects of congestion on fuel consumption in transportation scenario analysis. This paper presents plausible FSC for conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles and for advanced vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles, fully electric vehicles (EVs), and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) using a fuel consumption model with transient driving schedules and a set of 145 hypothetical vehicles. The FSC shapes show that advanced power train vehicles are expected to maintain fuel economy (FE) in congestion better than ICE vehicles, and FE can even improve for EV and FCV in freeway congestion. In order to implement these FSC for long-range scenario modeling, a bounded approach is presented which uses a single congestion sensitivity parameter. The results in this paper will assist analysis of the roles that vehicle technology and congestion mitigation can play in reducing fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from motor vehicles. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 149-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.997449 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.997449 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:2:p:149-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miloš Nikolić Author-X-Name-First: Miloš Author-X-Name-Last: Nikolić Author-Name: Dušan Teodorović Author-X-Name-First: Dušan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorović Author-Name: Katarina Vukadinović Author-X-Name-First: Katarina Author-X-Name-Last: Vukadinović Title: Disruption management in public transit: the bee colony optimization approach Abstract: Disruptions in carrying out planned bus schedules occur daily in many public transit companies. Disturbances are often so large that it is necessary to perform re-planning of planned bus and crew activities. Dispatchers in charge of traffic operations must frequently find an answer to the following question in a very short period of time: How should available buses be distributed among bus routes in order to minimize total passengers' waiting time on the network? We propose a model for assigning buses to scheduled routes when there is a shortage of buses. The proposed model is based on the bee colony optimization (BCO) technique. It is a biologically inspired method that explores collective intelligence applied by honey bees during the nectar collecting process. It has been shown that this developed BCO approach can generate high-quality solutions within negligible processing times. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 162-180 Issue: 2 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.997447 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.997447 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:2:p:162-180 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ioannis Tsapakis Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis Author-X-Name-Last: Tsapakis Author-Name: William H. Schneider IV Author-X-Name-First: William H. Author-X-Name-Last: Schneider IV Title: Determining the optimal number of seasonal adjustment factor groupings when estimating annual average daily traffic and investigating their characteristics Abstract: Although cluster analysis is recommended by the US Traffic Monitoring Guide (TMG) to supplement the development of seasonal adjustment factor groupings (SAFGs), the relationships among SAFGs' characteristics remain undiscovered, while the determination of the optimal number of clusters is an ambiguous task exposed to great subjectivity. Statistical indicators provide a mathematical solution by removing engineering judgment without taking into consideration any guidelines or other criteria, necessary for transportation planners to generate 'practical and sensible' groupings. The method examined in this study aims to overcome the above weaknesses incorporating into the methodology a series of statistics, recommendations, and previous research findings. The investigation of the relationships among (1) the within-group variation, (2) the total number of sites, (3) the minimum number of stations within a cluster, (4) the optimal number of clusters, and (5) the geographical size of the groups constitutes the main objectives of this research. According to the results, the cluster variability declines as the available number of stations increases. When the minimum number of stations within a cluster increases, the weighted coefficient of variation inflates as well, with the rate of increase depending on sample size. The average number of automatic traffic recorders per cluster is analogous to the sample size, while the optimal number of clusters varies conversely with the minimum number of stations within a cluster. The application developed for the conduct of the analysis minimizes the computational time needed, while it can be easily implemented by engineers to automate the process recommended by the TMG, enhancing the current state of practice. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 181-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.997448 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.997448 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:2:p:181-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohd Rapik Saat Author-X-Name-First: Mohd Rapik Author-X-Name-Last: Saat Author-Name: Jesus Aguilar Serrano Author-X-Name-First: Jesus Author-X-Name-Last: Aguilar Serrano Title: Multicriteria high-speed rail route selection: application to Malaysia's high-speed rail corridor prioritization Abstract: This paper reviews the literature on multicriteria decision analysis in transportation and provides a case study of high-speed rail (HSR) corridor/route selection using multicriteria methods in the context of HSR corridor prioritization in Malaysia. Using the screening method proposed by Hagler and Todorovich and the ELECTRE I multicriteria method, it is found that the southbound corridor from Kuala Lumpur to Singapore has the highest priority, followed by the eastbound corridor to Kuantan, and northbound to Georgetown. HSR trains could potentially reduce the trip times to Singapore, Kuantan, and Georgetown from Kuala Lumpur, as compared to driving, by 65-73%. The results of this study can be used to assist in the planning of HSR and/or integrated transportation systems in Malaysia. The same methods can be used to evaluate potential HSR corridors/routes in other countries or regions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 200-213 Issue: 2 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.997446 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.997446 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:2:p:200-213 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chaug-Ing Hsu Author-X-Name-First: Chaug-Ing Author-X-Name-Last: Hsu Author-Name: Ching-Cheng Chao Author-X-Name-First: Ching-Cheng Author-X-Name-Last: Chao Author-Name: Nai-Wen Hsu Author-X-Name-First: Nai-Wen Author-X-Name-Last: Hsu Title: Control strategies for departure process delays at airport passenger terminals Abstract: This paper explores the characteristics of process delays at airport passenger terminals and establishes a queuing model for both passengers and baggage served by different connecting type facilities. The impact of delay propagation on other processes and flights is investigated using an analytical approach. In addition, the extra costs incurred on passengers, process operators, and airlines are examined using the delay cost functions. To reduce the impact of process delays, various delay-controlled strategies are proposed, such as setting scheduled times for completion of a process, increasing the number of service counters, and priority service for emergent flights. Taoyuan International Airport in Taiwan is used as a case study when facing special events. Results showed that the model can effectively and efficiently estimate delay propagation and its costs. In addition, processes that are not consecutive allow more buffer time between different operations, which helps ease propagation of delays caused by previous services. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 214-237 Issue: 2 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.959358 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.959358 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:2:p:214-237 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B.R. Ke Author-X-Name-First: B.R. Author-X-Name-Last: Ke Author-Name: C.L. Lin Author-X-Name-First: C.L. Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Author-Name: H.H. Chien Author-X-Name-First: H.H. Author-X-Name-Last: Chien Author-Name: H.W. Chiu Author-X-Name-First: H.W. Author-X-Name-Last: Chiu Author-Name: N. Chen Author-X-Name-First: N. Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: A new approach for improving the performance of freight train timetabling of a single-track railway system Abstract: A new approach for improving the performance of freight train timetabling for single-track railways is proposed. Using the idea of a fixed-block signaling system, we develop a matrix representation to express the occupation of inter- and intra-station tracks by trains illustrating the train blocking time diagram in its entirety. Train departure times, dwell times, and unnecessary stopping are adjusted to reduce average train travel time and single train travel time. Conflicts between successive stations and within stations are identified and solved. A fuzzy logic system is further used to adjust the range of train departure times and checks are made to determine whether dwell times and time intervals can be adjusted for passenger and freight trains at congested stations to minimize train waiting times. By combining manual scheduling expertise with the fuzzy inference method, timetable efficiency is significantly improved and becomes more flexible. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 238-264 Issue: 2 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.959357 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.959357 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:2:p:238-264 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ahmed Osman Idris Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed Author-X-Name-Last: Osman Idris Author-Name: Khandker M. Nurul Habib Author-X-Name-First: Khandker M. Nurul Author-X-Name-Last: Habib Author-Name: Alejandro Tudela Author-X-Name-First: Alejandro Author-X-Name-Last: Tudela Author-Name: Amer Shalaby Author-X-Name-First: Amer Author-X-Name-Last: Shalaby Title: Investigating the effects of psychological factors on commuting mode choice behaviour Abstract: This paper utilizes socio-psychometric survey data to investigate the influence of attitudes, affective appraisal and habit formation on commuting mode choice. The data-set was collected in 2009-2010 in Edmonton, Alberta. In addition to conventional socio-economic, demographic and modal attributes, the survey gathered psychological information regarding habitual behaviour, affective appraisal and personal attitudes. Different psychometric tools were used to capture psychological factors affecting mode choice. Habitual behaviour was measured using Verplanken's response-frequency questionnaire. Affective appraisal was indirectly estimated using the Osgood's semantic differential. Five-point Likert scales were used to measure attitude. The structural equation modelling (SEM) approach was used to investigate the effects of psychological factors on mode choice behaviour. SEM captures the latent nature of psychological factors and uses path diagrams to identify the directionality as well as intensity of the relationships. The investigation reveals that passengers have positive emotions towards their chosen mode. Further, evidence of the superiority of the car as a travel alternative was established in terms of strong habit towards it, such that passengers would use the car for almost every single trip. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 265-276 Issue: 3 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.997451 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.997451 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:3:p:265-276 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Reza Taromi Author-X-Name-First: Reza Author-X-Name-Last: Taromi Author-Name: Michael DuRoss Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: DuRoss Author-Name: Bintong Chen Author-X-Name-First: Bintong Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Ardeshir Faghri Author-X-Name-First: Ardeshir Author-X-Name-Last: Faghri Author-Name: Mingxin Li Author-X-Name-First: Mingxin Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Tracy DeLiberty Author-X-Name-First: Tracy Author-X-Name-Last: DeLiberty Title: A multiobjective land development optimization model: the case of New Castle County, Delaware Abstract: This paper develops a multiobjective optimization model to consider transportation impacts of the future development of land. The output of the model is the best location and type of land use that has minimal negative transportation effects and uses the maximum available public transportation infrastructure. It provides tools for both planners and transportation engineers and enables them to consider different scenarios of possible policies and land development. Since multiple objectives and their nonlinear structures are considered, the model is solved using mixed integer nonlinear programming. The final results are shown in both tabular and graphical format. The effectiveness of the model is applied to the northern part of New Castle County, Delaware. The results show that the model successfully finds the best locations for both residential and commercial land uses in order to meet several criteria discussed in the paper. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 277-304 Issue: 3 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.997450 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.997450 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:3:p:277-304 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carlos P. Barros Author-X-Name-First: Carlos P. Author-X-Name-Last: Barros Author-Name: Luis A. Gil-Alana Author-X-Name-First: Luis A. Author-X-Name-Last: Gil-Alana Author-Name: Peter Wanke Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Wanke Title: An empirical analysis of freight transport traffic modes in Brazil, 1996-2012 Abstract: This paper analyses the performance of freight transportation modes in Brazil - namely air, water, rail and road - from February 1996 to August 2012 by investigating their long memory properties using fractional integration and autoregressive models on monthly tonnage data. Two important features are analysed: the degree of dependence of transportation traffic across time and its seasonal structure over the period. Furthermore, the stability of parameters across the sample period is investigated, incorporating potential structural breaks in the data, which describe discontinuity in freight transportation traffic. Some policy implications are derived. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 305-319 Issue: 3 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.997452 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.997452 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:3:p:305-319 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Avishai (Avi) Ceder Author-X-Name-First: Avishai (Avi) Author-X-Name-Last: Ceder Author-Name: Yuval Hadas Author-X-Name-First: Yuval Author-X-Name-Last: Hadas Author-Name: Nigel K.L. Wan Author-X-Name-First: Nigel K.L. Author-X-Name-Last: Wan Author-Name: Dumindu Sundarapperuma Author-X-Name-First: Dumindu Author-X-Name-Last: Sundarapperuma Title: The planning and analysis of a new group rapid transit system: the SkyCabs monobeam system in Auckland Abstract: This paper examines a case study of the SkyCabs system as a way to alleviate some of the traffic problems of Auckland, New Zealand. SkyCabs is an elevated two-way monobeam carrying light eight-seater cabs on tracks on each side of the beam, available on demand, providing fast, pollution-free, unimpeded travel above the footpath with panoramic views of the city. The aim of this study is to investigate the attractiveness of implementing the SkyCabs system to and from Auckland central business district (CBD) and Auckland international airport by examining four variables: different routes, different number of stops/stations, different passenger demand levels, and different number of cabs in the system. The analysis utilizes geographical information system and simulation tools for the various scenarios considered. The results show that it is possible to assess the cost-benefit of alternative routes in terms of those four variables and rate of return on investment. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 320-334 Issue: 3 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2014.997453 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2014.997453 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:3:p:320-334 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maarten Messagie Author-X-Name-First: Maarten Author-X-Name-Last: Messagie Author-Name: Nele Sergeant Author-X-Name-First: Nele Author-X-Name-Last: Sergeant Author-Name: Surendraprabu Rangaraju Author-X-Name-First: Surendraprabu Author-X-Name-Last: Rangaraju Author-Name: Javier San Felix Forner Author-X-Name-First: Javier Author-X-Name-Last: San Felix Forner Author-Name: Luis Oliveira Author-X-Name-First: Luis Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira Author-Name: Thierry Coosemans Author-X-Name-First: Thierry Author-X-Name-Last: Coosemans Author-Name: Cathy Macharis Author-X-Name-First: Cathy Author-X-Name-Last: Macharis Author-Name: Joeri Van Mierlo Author-X-Name-First: Joeri Author-X-Name-Last: Van Mierlo Title: A valuation of the environmental performance of vehicles: an analysis and comparison of two methodologies Abstract: The European Clean Vehicle Directive was introduced in 2009 to create an obligation on public authorities to take into account the impact of energy consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and pollutant emissions into their purchasing decisions for road transport vehicles. This should stimulate the market for clean and energy-efficient vehicles and improve transport's impact on environment, climate change and energy use. Therefore the so-called 'Operational Lifetime Cost' of a vehicle is calculated, divided into the cost for energy consumption, CO2 and pollutant (nitrous oxide, particulate matter, non-methane hydrocarbons) emissions. In Belgium, a different methodology has been developed to calculate the environmental impact of a vehicle, called 'Ecoscore', based on a well-to-wheel approach. More pollutants are included compared to the Clean Vehicle methodology, but also indirect emissions are taken into account. In this paper, both methodologies are compared and used to analyze the environmental performance of passenger cars with different fuel types and from different vehicle segments. Similar rankings between both methodologies are obtained; however, the large impact of energy use (and CO2 emissions) in the Clean Vehicle methodology disadvantages compressed natural gas cars, as well as diesel cars equipped with particulate filters, compared to the Ecoscore methodology. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 335-346 Issue: 3 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1008797 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1008797 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:3:p:335-346 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jason Monios Author-X-Name-First: Jason Author-X-Name-Last: Monios Title: Integrating intermodal transport with logistics: a case study of the UK retail sector Abstract: Retail traffic is one of the main drivers for the growth of intermodal transport services in the UK. This paper examines the key factors underpinning this modal shift in order to learn lessons for other market and geographical contexts. Since successful retail intermodal logistics involves many actors, this paper is based on semi-structured interviews with major UK retailers, third-party logistics providers (3PLs) and rail operators, supplemented by document analysis. The qualitative data are analysed via a conceptual framework derived from the literature. Despite past successes and the presence of drivers for future growth, the paper identifies many operational issues without current solutions and the presence of ongoing public subsidy. The major conclusion is that the importance of 3PLs, aggregation and multi-user platforms must be recognised by transport planners in supporting the use of intermodal transport by retailers and other large shippers. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 347-374 Issue: 3 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1008798 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1008798 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:3:p:347-374 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elvezia M. Cepolina Author-X-Name-First: Elvezia M. Author-X-Name-Last: Cepolina Author-Name: Alessandro Farina Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro Author-X-Name-Last: Farina Author-Name: Catherine Holloway Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Holloway Author-Name: Nick Tyler Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Tyler Title: Innovative strategies for urban car-sharing systems and a simulator to assess their performance Abstract: In this paper, three innovative car-sharing systems for urban areas are proposed, based on fleets of individual intelligent vehicles with three service characteristics: instant access, open-ended reservations and one-way trips. These features provide high flexibility but create an uneven distribution of vehicles among stations. Therefore, relocation of vehicles must be performed. Three different system procedures are proposed: in the first system, relocations are performed by users; in the other two, vehicles relocate automatically, thanks to their automation. In the first two systems, vehicles are accessible only at stations, whereas in the third they are also accessible along roads. In order to provide transport managers with a tool to test systems in different realities, an object-oriented simulator is developed. The simulation provides outputs of system performance, in terms of user waiting times and system efficiency. The proposed systems are simulated for the city of Genoa, in Italy, and a comparative analysis is presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 375-391 Issue: 4 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1026098 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1026098 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:4:p:375-391 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Baha' W. Alshalalfah Author-X-Name-First: Baha' W. Author-X-Name-Last: Alshalalfah Author-Name: Amer S. Shalaby Author-X-Name-First: Amer S. Author-X-Name-Last: Shalaby Author-Name: Steven Dale Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Dale Author-Name: Fadel M.Y. Othman Author-X-Name-First: Fadel M.Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Othman Title: Feasibility study of aerial ropeway transit in the Holy City of Makkah Abstract: The planning and implementation of a multimodal transportation system in the Holy City of Makkah to handle the huge volumes of pilgrims to the City is not a straightforward mission, as Makkah poses numerous challenges including its unique seasonal demand patterns, mountainous terrain, and limited space. Aerial ropeway transit (ART), a promising transport technology solution, could be an important component of this system. This paper presents the results of a technical and economic feasibility study to explore the potential of introducing ART service in Makkah. The study reveals that, overall, ART service on some corridors in Makkah is technically feasible, and with some necessary enforcement measures to attract ridership could become a profitable transportation investment. Specifically, the study recommends using ART for special user groups and service/emergency crews during peak seasons and opening ART to the public as a premium service during the off-peak season. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 392-408 Issue: 4 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1026099 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1026099 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:4:p:392-408 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yavuz Y. Ulusoy Author-X-Name-First: Yavuz Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Ulusoy Author-Name: Steven I-Jy Chien Author-X-Name-First: Steven I-Jy Author-X-Name-Last: Chien Title: Optimal bus service patterns and frequencies considering transfer demand elasticity with genetic algorithm Abstract: This paper attempts to optimize bus service patterns (i.e., all-stop, short-turn, and express) and frequencies which minimize total cost, considering transfer demand elasticity. A mathematical model is developed based on the objective total cost for a generalized bus route, which is optimized subject to a set of constraints ensuring sufficient capacity, an operable bus fleet, and service frequency conservation. To optimize the integrated service of a bus route with many stops, which is a combinatorial optimization problem, a genetic algorithm is developed and applied to search for the solution. A case study, based on a real-world bus route in New Jersey, is conducted to demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the developed model and the solution algorithm. Results show that the proposed methodology is fairly efficient, and the optimized bus service significantly reduces total cost. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 409-424 Issue: 4 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1026101 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1026101 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:4:p:409-424 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Qiong Bao Author-X-Name-First: Qiong Author-X-Name-Last: Bao Author-Name: Bruno Kochan Author-X-Name-First: Bruno Author-X-Name-Last: Kochan Author-Name: Tom Bellemans Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Bellemans Author-Name: Davy Janssens Author-X-Name-First: Davy Author-X-Name-Last: Janssens Author-Name: Geert Wets Author-X-Name-First: Geert Author-X-Name-Last: Wets Title: Investigating micro-simulation error in activity-based travel demand forecasting: a case study of the FEATHERS framework Abstract: Activity-based models of travel demand have received considerable attention in transportation planning and forecasting in recent years. However, in most cases they use a micro-simulation approach, thereby inevitably including a stochastic error that is caused by the statistical distributions of random components. As a consequence, running a transport micro-simulation model several times with the same input will generate different outputs, which baffles practitioners in applying such a model and in interpreting the results. A common approach is therefore to run the model multiple times and to use the average value of the results. The question then becomes: what is the minimum number of model runs required to reach a stable result? In this paper, systematic experiments are carried out using Forecasting Evolutionary Activity-Travel of Households and their Environmental RepercussionS (FEATHERS), an activity-based micro-simulation modelling framework currently implemented for the Flanders region of Belgium. Six levels of geographic detail are taken into account. Three travel indices - average daily activities per person, average daily trips per person and average daily distance travelled per person, as well as their corresponding segmentations - are calculated by running the model 100 times. The results show that the more disaggregated the level, the larger the number of model runs is needed to ensure confidence. Furthermore, based on the time-dependent origin-destination table derived from the model output, traffic assignment is performed by loading it onto the Flemish road network, and the total vehicle kilometres travelled in the whole Flanders are subsequently computed. The stable results at the Flanders level provides model users with confidence that application of FEATHERS at an aggregated level requires only limited model runs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 425-441 Issue: 4 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1026102 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1026102 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:4:p:425-441 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zheng Chang Author-X-Name-First: Zheng Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Author-Name: Theo Notteboom Author-X-Name-First: Theo Author-X-Name-Last: Notteboom Author-Name: Jing Lu Author-X-Name-First: Jing Author-X-Name-Last: Lu Title: A two-phase model for dry port location with an application to the port of Dalian in China Abstract: This paper provides guidance for an optimal and reasonable dry port layout for the port of Dalian in China. We present a two-phase framework on the location of dry ports, which solves the selection of candidate inland cities and optimal dry port location choice, respectively. Fuzzy C-Means Clustering is applied to select alternative cities in the vast hinterland of the seaport of Dalian, with a view to identify evaluation factors that affect the location selection decision. A cost-minimisation linear programming solution is proposed, with the aid of a genetic algorithm, to choose the optimal location as well as capacity level among the candidate inland cities. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 442-464 Issue: 4 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1026103 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1026103 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:4:p:442-464 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Le Minh Kieu Author-X-Name-First: Le Minh Author-X-Name-Last: Kieu Author-Name: Ashish Bhaskar Author-X-Name-First: Ashish Author-X-Name-Last: Bhaskar Author-Name: Edward Chung Author-X-Name-First: Edward Author-X-Name-Last: Chung Title: Empirical modelling of the relationship between bus and car speeds on signalised urban networks Abstract: Vehicle speed is an important attribute for analysing the utility of a transport mode. The speed relationship between multiple modes of transport is of interest to traffic planners and operators. This paper quantifies the relationship between bus speed and average car speed by integrating Bluetooth data and transit signal priority data from the urban network in Brisbane, Australia. The method proposed in this paper is the first of its kind to relate bus speed and average car speed by integrating multi-source traffic data in a corridor-based method. Three transferable regression models relating not-in-service bus, in-service bus during peak periods and in-service bus during off-peak periods with average car speed are proposed. The models are cross-validated and the interrelationships are significant. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 465-482 Issue: 4 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1026104 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1026104 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:4:p:465-482 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cho Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Cho Author-Name: Gordon Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Gordon Author-Name: James E. Moore II Author-X-Name-First: James E. Author-X-Name-Last: Moore II Author-Name: Pan Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Pan Author-Name: Park Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Harry W. Richardson Author-X-Name-First: Harry W. Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson Title: TransNIEMO: economic impact analysis using a model of consistent inter-regional economic and network equilibria Abstract: We describe a model that integrates a multiregional input--output (I--O) model of the USA (for 50 States and the District of Columbia) with the national highway network. Inter-state commodity shipments are placed on a congestible highway network. Simulations of major choke-point disruptions redirect traffic which increases the costs of some shipments. Increased costs show up in higher prices which help to determine a new I--O equilibrium. We find economic and network equilibria that are consistent. The simulations show only moderate economic impacts. We ascribe this to the resilience of the highway network. The model provides State-level detail on who bears the costs of the disruptions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 483-502 Issue: 5 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1039230 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1039230 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:5:p:483-502 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael J. Clay Author-X-Name-First: Michael J. Author-X-Name-Last: Clay Author-Name: Valdez Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Valdez Author-Name: Norr Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Norr Title: The simple, efficient, elegant, and effective model (SE-super-3M) of land use and transportation Abstract: Integrated land use/transportation forecasting models add significant policy and infrastructure alternatives analysis capabilities to the urban planning process. Historically, the financial, time, and staff requirements to develop one of these models has put them beyond the reach of most small- to medium-sized urban areas. The purpose of this paper is to present the large zone economic submodel of SE-super-3M, an integrated model -- founded upon economic base theory and bid-rent theory -- that is reasonably accurate, yet simpler in form, function, and implementation than competing models. The US territory of Guam is used as the case study/proof of concept implementation for this model framework. The submodel presented here was validated against a horizon year with known data for zonal level population and employment totals together with control totals for the island as a whole. The model was able -- across two base years and one validation, horizon year -- to locate all jobs and a high percentage of the population on each zone on the island. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 503-516 Issue: 5 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1039231 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1039231 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:5:p:503-516 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zhong Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong Author-Name: Shan Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Shan Author-Name: Du Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Du Author-Name: Lu Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Lu Title: A comparative analysis of traditional four-step and activity-based travel demand modeling: a case study of Tampa, Florida Abstract: Activity-based travel demand modeling (ABTDM) has often been viewed as an advanced approach, due to its higher fidelity and better policy sensitivity. However, a review of the literature indicates that no study has been undertaken to investigate quantitatively the differences and accuracy between an ABTDM approach and a traditional four-step travel demand model. In this paper we provide a comparative analysis against each step -- trip generation, trip distribution, mode split, and network assignment -- between an ABTDM developed using travel diary data from the Tampa Bay Region in Florida and the Tampa Bay Regional Planning Model (TBRPM), an existing traditional four-step model for the same area. Results show salient differences between the TBRPM and the ABTDM, in terms of modeling performance and accuracy, in each of the four steps. For example, trip production rates calculated from the travel diary data are found to be either double or a quarter less than those used in the TBRPM. On the other hand, trip attraction rates computed from activity-based travel simulations are found to be either more than double or one tenth less than those used in the TBRPM. The trip distribution curves from the two models are similar, but both average and peak trip lengths of the two are significantly different. Mode split analyses show that the TBRPM may underestimate driving trips and fail to capture any usage of alternative modes, such as taxi and nonmotorized (e.g., walking and bicycling) modes. In addition, the ABTDMs are found to be less capable of reproducing observed traffic counts when compared to the TBRPM, most likely due to not considering external and through trips. The comparative results presented can help transportation engineers and planners better understand the strengths and weaknesses of the two types of model and this should assist decision-makers in choosing a better modeling tool for their planning initiatives. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 517-533 Issue: 5 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1039232 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1039232 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:5:p:517-533 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Evans Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Evans Author-Name: Amy W. Guo Author-X-Name-First: Amy W. Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Author-Name: Blythe Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Blythe Author-Name: Burden Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Burden Title: Integrated smartcard solutions: do people want one card for all their services? Abstract: Smartcard technologies offer the potential for bringing transport and citizen services onto a single smartcard platform -- referred to henceforth as an integrated ‘Transport-Citizen’ (TranCit) card. One question never fully addressed thus far is whether the general public see the integration of services onto a single card as desirable. Based upon research undertaken through the Yorcard project trials, this paper presents the analysis of a series of three focus groups and responses to a public questionnaire which investigated the general desire for multi-application, integrated smartcards. Our findings suggest there is potential for an integrated TranCit card, facilitating easier access to services and travel options across boundaries, even at the international level. A number of operational, technical and data security issues exist which need to be resolved before there would be a greater acceptance of an integrated TranCit card, from both the traveller and the service provider perspective. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 534-551 Issue: 5 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1039233 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1039233 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:5:p:534-551 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eagling Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Eagling Author-Name: Ryley Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Ryley Title: An investigation into the feasibility of increasing rail use as an alternative to the car Abstract: With rail travel largely seen to be a more sustainable method than road-based transport, this paper examines the market segments amongst existing motorists that would be most likely to travel by train in the UK. The analysis is based on a large survey in London and the south-east of England, the area surrounding the routes operated by the train company First Capital Connect. Findings show that train travellers tend to be middle-aged and of a higher social grade, typically taking commuting or business trips. Individuals living within four miles of a station are considerably more likely to travel by rail than those further away. Given the competition from road-based transport, it is of particular interest that the measure highlighted to increase rail use for those living further away from the rail network is to enhance car parking at train stations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 552-568 Issue: 5 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1039234 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1039234 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:5:p:552-568 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seriani Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Seriani Author-Name: Fernández Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández Title: Planning guidelines for metro--bus interchanges by means of a pedestrian microsimulation model Abstract: The big paradigm for cities nowadays is to study the movement of pedestrians at the interface between metro and bus systems -- metro--bus interchanges. When these interchanges are not well designed, walking is inefficient and can be unsafe for pedestrians. This paper analyses, by means of a pedestrian microsimulation model, metro--bus interchange spaces in order to propose planning guidelines for the city of Santiago de Chile. Specific objectives are (1) to identify the variables that provide efficiency and safety in those spaces; (2) to simulate different scenarios using the pedestrian simulation model LEGION; (3) to propose planning and design guidelines for pedestrian spaces at metro--bus interchanges; and (4) to contrast the recommendations in the recently opened terminal station on Line 1 of Metro de Santiago: Los Dominicos Station. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 569-583 Issue: 5 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1039235 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1039235 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:5:p:569-583 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fang Zong Author-X-Name-First: Fang Author-X-Name-Last: Zong Author-Name: Menglin Wang Author-X-Name-First: Menglin Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Understanding parking decisions with a Bayesian network Abstract: In this paper, a Bayesian network is developed to investigate three intertwining parking decisions, namely parking period, parking location, and parking duration, and the impacts of a number of parking-related factors on these decisions. With parking information from Beijing, China in 2005, the structure and parameter of a Bayesian network were learnt by employing the K2 algorithm and Bayesian parameter estimation method respectively. The results show that the decision on how long to park follows that on where to park, and both of them are affected by the decision of when to park. This suggests that parking policies aimed at intervening in one specific parking decision may have an indirect influence on other parking decisions, which embraces an integrated view in the development of parking policies. The findings facilitate the development of measures for regulating parking behavior by identifying important contributing factors. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 585-600 Issue: 6 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1048943 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1048943 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:6:p:585-600 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Camille Kamga Author-X-Name-First: Camille Author-X-Name-Last: Kamga Author-Name: M. Anil Yazici Author-X-Name-First: M. Anil Author-X-Name-Last: Yazici Author-Name: Abhishek Singhal Author-X-Name-First: Abhishek Author-X-Name-Last: Singhal Title: Analysis of taxi demand and supply in New York City: implications of recent taxi regulations Abstract: This paper investigates temporal and weather-related variation in taxi trips in New York City. A taxi trip data-set with 147 million records covering 10 months of activity is used. It is shown that there are substantial variations in ridership, taxi supply, trip distance, and pickup frequency for different time periods and weather conditions. These variations, in turn, cause variations in driver revenues which is one of the main measures of taxi supply-demand equilibrium. The findings are then used to discuss the anticipated impacts of two recently enacted taxi regulation changes: the first fare increase since 2006 and the E-Hail pilot program which allows taxi hailing with smart phone applications. The fare increase is estimated to cause varying levels of revenue increase for different time periods. E-Hail apps are not expected to offer considerable improvements at all times, but rather when both adequate taxi supply and demand occur simultaneously. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 601-625 Issue: 6 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1048944 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1048944 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:6:p:601-625 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wen Wang Author-X-Name-First: Wen Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Xiubin Bruce Wang Author-X-Name-First: Xiubin Bruce Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Jing Dong Author-X-Name-First: Jing Author-X-Name-Last: Dong Title: Development and calibration of a long-distance passenger traffic assignment model Abstract: This paper studies the assignment of long-distance passenger traffic on a highway corridor network. First, we propose a traditional model for the long-distance traffic assignment considering interactions with local commuter traffic. It addresses the effect of local networks on highway corridors. An iterative algorithm is developed to solve for the exact solution. Then, to address the potential computational issues that arise therein, a decomposition method is proposed by introducing a new concept of corridor elasticity. An assignment procedure for long-distance passenger traffic is developed accordingly. Numerical tests show that the proposed decomposition method makes significant improvements in computational performance at a small loss of optimality. This decomposition method well approximates the exact assignment from the traditional formulation, especially when the highway corridors are near-saturation. The proposed decomposition method appears practical for application. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 626-645 Issue: 6 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1048945 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1048945 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:6:p:626-645 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juan P. Romero Author-X-Name-First: Juan P. Author-X-Name-Last: Romero Author-Name: Jose L. Moura Author-X-Name-First: Jose L. Author-X-Name-Last: Moura Author-Name: Angel Ibeas Author-X-Name-First: Angel Author-X-Name-Last: Ibeas Author-Name: Borja Alonso Author-X-Name-First: Borja Author-X-Name-Last: Alonso Title: A simulation tool for bicycle sharing systems in multimodal networks Abstract: This paper presents a methodology for modelling an urban transport system, integrating public bicycles in a multi-modal network. A bike cost function that reproduces the effect of slopes on cycling speeds is proposed. Also, the effect of traffic levels on the attractiveness of cycling routes is taken into account. The model applies the modal split and network assignment phases in a multimodal network with different classes of users. It has been verified over a test network and then validated by applying it to a real case in the city of Santander in Spain. The results obtained make this model a useful decision-making tool to encourage the use of the public bicycle from a sustainable development point of view. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 646-663 Issue: 6 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1048946 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1048946 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:6:p:646-663 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomoya Kawasaki Author-X-Name-First: Tomoya Author-X-Name-Last: Kawasaki Author-Name: Shinya Hanaoka Author-X-Name-First: Shinya Author-X-Name-Last: Hanaoka Author-Name: Long Xuan Nguyen Author-X-Name-First: Long Xuan Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen Title: Inland cargo flow modelling considering shipment time variability on cross-border transport Abstract: This paper formulates an inland cargo flow model that considers the additional costs incurred because of variability in shipment times at borders and seaports. Using the proposed model, five scenario analyses for cross-border haulage between Lao PDR and seaports in Thailand and Vietnam are carried out in order to assess the impact of improving border and seaport reliability. These scenario analyses show that improving shipment time variability at seaports has more impact on cost reduction compared to improving border reliability. As for seaport choice, both cases of seaport and border reliability indicate similar trends. Cargo volumes decrease at Laem Chabang seaport in Thailand and increase at Vietnamese seaports as reliability at each identified bottleneck is improved. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 664-683 Issue: 6 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1048947 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1048947 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:6:p:664-683 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Leonid Engelson Author-X-Name-First: Leonid Author-X-Name-Last: Engelson Author-Name: Dirk van Amelsfort Author-X-Name-First: Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: van Amelsfort Title: The role of volume-delay functions in forecasting and evaluating congestion charging schemes: the Stockholm case Abstract: This paper uses observations from before and during the Stockkholm congestion charging trial in order to validate and improve a transportation model for Stockholm. The model overestimates the impact of the charges on traffic volumes while at the same time it substantially underestimates the impact on travel times. These forecast errors lead to considerable underestimation of economic benefits which are dominated by travel time savings. The source of error lies in the static assignment that is used in the model. Making the volume-delay functions (VDFs) steeper only marginally improves the quality of forecast but strongly impacts the result of benefit calculations. We therefore conclude that the dynamic assignment is crucial for an informed decision on introducing measures aimed at relieving congestion. However, in the absence of such a calibrated dynamic model for a city, we recommend that at least a sensitivity analysis with respect to the slope of VDFs is performed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 684-707 Issue: 6 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1048948 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1048948 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:6:p:684-707 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Janic Author-X-Name-First: Milan Author-X-Name-Last: Janic Title: A multi-criteria evaluation of solutions and alternatives for matching capacity to demand in an airport system: the case of London Abstract: This paper applies multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods to the evaluation of solutions and alternatives for matching airport system airside (runway) capacity to demand. For such a purpose, 'building a new runway' is considered as the solution and candidate airports of the system as alternatives for implementing the solution. The alternative airports are characterized by their physical/spatial, operational, economic, environmental, and social performance represented by corresponding indicator systems which, after being defined and estimated under given operating scenarios, are used as evaluation attributes/criteria by the selected MCDM methods. Two MCDM methods - Simple Additive Weighting and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution - are applied to the case of the London airport system to rank and select the preferred alternative from three candidate airports - Heathrow, Gatwick, and Stansted - for where a new runway could be built. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 709-737 Issue: 7 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1059120 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1059120 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:7:p:709-737 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sabyasachee Mishra Author-X-Name-First: Sabyasachee Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra Author-Name: Snehamay Khasnabis Author-X-Name-First: Snehamay Author-X-Name-Last: Khasnabis Author-Name: Subrat Swain Author-X-Name-First: Subrat Author-X-Name-Last: Swain Title: Incorporating uncertainty and risk in transportation investment decision-making Abstract: This paper presents a framework for addressing uncertainty and risk for large-scale transportation investments involving public-private participation. Demand, fare/toll and demand responsive costs are considered in the uncertainty analysis. Uncertainty analysis provides information on economic feasibility of the project. A set of relaxation policies is proposed to form various Ownership, Tenure and Governance (OTG) strategies reflecting the nature and level of participation by the public and private entity. A Monte Carlo Simulation-based Value at Risk is used to quantify risk. Finally, a methodology is proposed to integrate uncertainty and risk. The framework is tested on the proposed multibillion dollar Detroit River International Crossing connecting the cities of Detroit in the USA with Windsor in Canada. The analysis provides insights to probable outcomes for this transportation infrastructure investment under different OTG scenarios. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 738-760 Issue: 7 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1059121 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1059121 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:7:p:738-760 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sheng-Long Lee Author-X-Name-First: Sheng-Long Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Ping-Chuan Chen Author-X-Name-First: Ping-Chuan Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Wu Chiang Chan Author-X-Name-First: Wu Chiang Author-X-Name-Last: Chan Author-Name: Shiu-Wan Hung Author-X-Name-First: Shiu-Wan Author-X-Name-Last: Hung Title: A three-stage decision-making model for selecting electric vehicle battery technology Abstract: This study proposes a three-stage decision-making model for the selection of electric vehicle battery technology. Data used for analysis include surveys completed by 45 technology experts from industry, academia, and research throughout Taiwan. A three-stage model that includes developing multiple-criteria during the first stage, integrating the importance of criteria assessment using the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process in the second stage, and using patent analysis tools to further identify the patent portfolio of the technology selected by experts in the third stage are employed. The empirical results indicate that power source management technology and battery module technology are the key technologies for development by the electric vehicle industry. Battery energy storage management and cooling technology are found to be the key for building patent portfolios. When faced with substantial technical and market uncertainty, multiple-criteria for research and development (R&D) selection and stage-wise integration of decision tool must be employed by battery firms to effectively allocate the resources for R&D decisions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 761-776 Issue: 7 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1059122 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1059122 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:7:p:761-776 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jingyi Hua Author-X-Name-First: Jingyi Author-X-Name-Last: Hua Author-Name: Gang Ren Author-X-Name-First: Gang Author-X-Name-Last: Ren Author-Name: Yang Cheng Author-X-Name-First: Yang Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng Author-Name: Chen Yu Author-X-Name-First: Chen Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Bin Ran Author-X-Name-First: Bin Author-X-Name-Last: Ran Title: Large-scale evacuation network optimization: a bi-level control method with uncertain arterial demand Abstract: To improve the efficiency of large-scale evacuations, a network aggregation method and a bi-level optimization control method are proposed in this paper. The network aggregation method indicates the uncertain evacuation demand on the arterial sub-network and balances accuracy and efficiency by refining local road sub-networks. The bi-level optimization control method is developed to reconfigure the aggregated network from both supply and demand sides with contraflow and conflict elimination. The main purpose of this control method is to make the arterial sub-network to be served without congestion and interruption. Then, a corresponding bi-objective network flow model is presented in a static manner for an oversaturated network, and a Genetic Algorithm-based solution method is used to solve the evacuation problem. The numerical results from optimizing a city-scale evacuation network for a super typhoon justify the validity and usefulness of the network aggregation and optimization control methods. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 777-794 Issue: 7 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1059123 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1059123 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:7:p:777-794 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ahmadreza Talebian Author-X-Name-First: Ahmadreza Author-X-Name-Last: Talebian Author-Name: Yousef Shafahi Author-X-Name-First: Yousef Author-X-Name-Last: Shafahi Title: The treatment of uncertainty in the dynamic origin-destination estimation problem using a fuzzy approach Abstract: Regardless of existing types of transportation and traffic model and their applications, the essential input to these models is travel demand, which is usually described using origin-destination (OD) matrices. Due to the high cost and time required for the direct development of such matrices, they are sometimes estimated indirectly from traffic measurements recorded from the transportation network. Based on an assumed demand profile, OD estimation problems can be categorized into static or dynamic groups. Dynamic OD demand provides valuable information on the within-day fluctuation of traffic, which can be employed to analyse congestion dissipation. In addition, OD estimates are essential inputs to dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) models. This study presents a fuzzy approach to dynamic OD estimation problems. The problems are approached using a two-level model in which demand is estimated in the upper level and the lower level performs DTA via traffic simulation. Using fuzzy rules and the fuzzy C-Mean clustering approach, the proposed method treats uncertainty in historical OD demand and observed link counts. The approach employs expert knowledge to model fitted link counts and to set boundaries for the optimization problem by defining functions in the fuzzification process. The same operation is performed on the simulation outputs, and the entire process enables different types of optimization algorithm to be employed. The Box-complex method is utilized as an optimization algorithm in the implementation of the approach. Empirical case studies are performed on two networks to evaluate the validity and accuracy of the approach. The study results for a synthetic network and a real network demonstrate the robust performance of the proposed method even when using low-quality historical demand data. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 795-815 Issue: 7 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1059124 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1059124 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:7:p:795-815 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Teimouri Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Teimouri Author-Name: M.R. Delavar Author-X-Name-First: M.R. Author-X-Name-Last: Delavar Author-Name: S.H. Chavoshi Author-X-Name-First: S.H. Author-X-Name-Last: Chavoshi Author-Name: M.R. Malek Author-X-Name-First: M.R. Author-X-Name-Last: Malek Author-Name: N. Van de Weghe Author-X-Name-First: N. Author-X-Name-Last: Van de Weghe Author-Name: T. Neutens Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Neutens Author-Name: H.H. Hochmair Author-X-Name-First: H.H. Author-X-Name-Last: Hochmair Title: Accommodating user preferences in ad hoc shared ride trip planning using GIS Abstract: Ad hoc shared ride trip planning (SRTP) utilizes mobile devices, geo-sensors and wireless networks to match on-the-fly individual travel demand with transport supply. It represents one of many alternatives to single occupancy vehicle use. This paper outlines a SRTP approach via a two-phase algorithm based on user preferences in a time-dependent routing. Whereas current algorithms use minimization of travel time as the only optimization criterion in trip planning, in the framework presented here, the user can specify multiple trip preferences including travel time, walking time, number of transfers between cars and trip length. Various scenarios are simulated in the city of Tehran (Iran) to demonstrate how preference settings affect the routes of ad hoc shared journeys. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 816-831 Issue: 7 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1059125 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1059125 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:7:p:816-831 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Liang Tang Author-X-Name-First: Liang Author-X-Name-Last: Tang Author-Name: Chenfeng Xiong Author-X-Name-First: Chenfeng Author-X-Name-Last: Xiong Author-Name: Lei Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Lei Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Title: Decision tree method for modeling travel mode switching in a dynamic behavioral process Abstract: As road congestion is exacerbated in most metropolitan areas, many transportation policies and planning strategies try to nudge travelers to switch to other more sustainable modes of transportation. In order to better analyze these strategies, there is a need to accurately model travelers' mode-switching behavior. In this paper, a popular artificial intelligence approach, the decision tree (DT), is used to explore the underlying rules of travelers' switching decisions between two modes under a proposed framework of dynamic mode searching and switching. An effective and practical method for a mode-switching DT induction is proposed. A loss matrix is introduced to handle class imbalance issues. Important factors and their relative importance are analyzed through information gains and feature selections. Household Travel Survey data are used to implement and validate the proposed DT induction method. Through comparison with logit models, the improved prediction ability of the DT models is demonstrated. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 833-850 Issue: 8 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1079385 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1079385 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:8:p:833-850 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mehrdad Gholami Shahbandi Author-X-Name-First: Mehrdad Author-X-Name-Last: Gholami Shahbandi Author-Name: Mohammad Mahdi Nasiri Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Mahdi Author-X-Name-Last: Nasiri Author-Name: Abbas Babazadeh Author-X-Name-First: Abbas Author-X-Name-Last: Babazadeh Title: A quantum evolutionary algorithm for the second-best congestion pricing problem in urban traffic networks Abstract: This paper investigates the congestion pricing problem in urban traffic networks. A first-best strategy, a second-best strategy for toll leveling in closed cordons and a second-best strategy for determining both toll levels and toll points are considered. The problem is known to be a mixed integer programming model and formulated as a bi-level optimization problem, with an objective of maximizing the social welfare. A method is presented to solve the problem, based on a novel metaheuristic algorithm, namely quantum evolutionary algorithm (QEA). To verify the proposed method, the widely used genetic algorithm (GA) is also applied to solve the problem. The problem is solved for a medium-size urban traffic network and the results of the QEA are compared against the conventional GA. Computational results show that the QEA outperforms the GA in solution quality. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 851-865 Issue: 8 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1079386 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1079386 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:8:p:851-865 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Evangelos Mitsakis Author-X-Name-First: Evangelos Author-X-Name-Last: Mitsakis Author-Name: Josep Maria Salanova Grau Author-X-Name-First: Josep Maria Salanova Author-X-Name-Last: Grau Author-Name: Iraklis Stamos Author-X-Name-First: Iraklis Author-X-Name-Last: Stamos Author-Name: Georgia Aifadopoulou Author-X-Name-First: Georgia Author-X-Name-Last: Aifadopoulou Title: An integrated framework for embedding large-scale dynamic traffic assignment models in advanced traveler information systems Abstract: In recent years, increasing attention has been drawn to the development of various applications of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), which are credited with the amelioration of traffic conditions in urban and regional environments. Advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) constitute an important element of ITS by providing potential travelers with information on the network's current performance both en-route and pre-trip. In order to tackle the complexity of such systems, derived from the difficulty of providing real-time estimations of current as well as forecasts of future traffic conditions, a series of models and algorithms have been initiated. This paper proposes the development of an integrated framework for real-time ATIS and presents its application on a large-scale network, that of Thessaloniki, Greece, concluding with a discussion on development and implementation challenges as well as on the advantages and limitations of such an effort. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 866-877 Issue: 8 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1079387 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1079387 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:8:p:866-877 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephan Müller Author-X-Name-First: Stephan Author-X-Name-Last: Müller Author-Name: Christian Schiller Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Schiller Title: Improvement of the volume-delay function by incorporating the impact of trucks on traffic flow Abstract: In current transportation modelling, travel time is the most important factor in decisions regarding transport modes, destinations and routes. The calculation of travel time is deployed by volume-delay functions (VDFs), a sub-model of route assignment procedure, using the correlation between increasing numbers of vehicles on a road and the road's restrictive capacity. By investigating existing VDFs, a clear gap is seen, demonstrating that current functions are not suited to reflect the empirically known large impact of trucks on passenger car travel times. This issue becomes crucial when transport models are used to reflect future scenarios where goods transportation is expected to increase greatly, and when transport models combine passenger and commercial traffic. This paper presents a new VDF which successfully includes trucks' impact on traffic flow in the case of Germany and, with slight deviations, for North America. The function is developed using ideal-type data for German motorways. The differences between German and US data and their implications for VDFs are also discussed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 878-888 Issue: 8 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1079388 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1079388 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:8:p:878-888 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ming-Hsiung Hsiao Author-X-Name-First: Ming-Hsiung Author-X-Name-Last: Hsiao Title: Structural equation modeling for national travel demand: an examination of the relationships between communication modes Abstract: This paper examines the relationships among different transportation modes, and between transportation and telecommunications, by applying the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. For this purpose, we collected and compiled time series data on national travel demand, and socioeconomic and telecommunications conditions in Taiwan, and built national travel demand models using SEM. The estimation results show that the relationship between telecommunications and transportation demand (either car ownership or public transportation) is more complementary than substitutional. Moreover, car ownership is a type of inelastic necessity good, and its relationship with public transportation is more substitutional than complementary. Finally, among the three public transportation modes - rail, bus and domestic air - it is found that air is weakest in terms of competitive power. From the viewpoint of long-term forecasting trends, the bus holds its competitive power in comparison with other public transportation modes and would not be replaced in the future. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 889-908 Issue: 8 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1079389 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1079389 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:8:p:889-908 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hugo Pietrantonio Author-X-Name-First: Hugo Author-X-Name-Last: Pietrantonio Author-Name: Lili L. Bornsztein Author-X-Name-First: Lili L. Author-X-Name-Last: Bornsztein Title: Evaluating road safety audit procedures: some questions and a new method of study Abstract: This article discusses the current views on the application of road safety audits (RSAs) as a tool for the improvement of road safety and proposes a new method of study for detailed evaluation of some features that can influence their effectiveness. This is demonstrated in the practical setting of RSAs applied to existing road reviews or inspections. Starting from a review of published sources on RSAs in different countries, a set of questions has been identified and a case study undertaken on the impact of alternative RSA procedures on its overall effectiveness. RSA effectiveness is measured both as agreement with a safety expert assessment and to an accident-based study. The main features analyzed in the case study include the type of observer used for data collection and the type of checklist used as a guide to field work. Based on an exploratory study, the performance of RSA application is evaluated using weighted indices of concordance and disagreement, and the rating of detection or omission for the observations gathered in the accident diagnosis of the safety problems at the intersection studied, supplemented by a statistical analysis of the influence of selected covariates on these scores. The main results of the case study can be summarized as clear support to team work for field observation and also to employing less-experienced personnel for field observation. The study also stresses the need for procedures/criteria for priority setting. These conclusions are useful for the selection of alternative RSA procedures in agencies responsible for promoting or enforcing RSA and in professional teams carrying out RSA tasks. Several features deserving further study are also identified. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 909-934 Issue: 8 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1079390 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1079390 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:8:p:909-934 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Donghyung Yook Author-X-Name-First: Donghyung Author-X-Name-Last: Yook Author-Name: Kevin Heaslip Author-X-Name-First: Kevin Author-X-Name-Last: Heaslip Title: The effect of crowding on public transit user travel behavior in a large-scale public transportation system through modeling daily variations Abstract: In this paper, the crowding effect in a transit vehicle is modeled in a time-expanded network that considers the daily variation in passenger flows. The study models the daily variation of in-vehicle crowding in a real large-scale transit system. A transit assignment for this real network is modeled and implemented by constructing a crowding cost function that follows the valuation of crowding and by using the reliable shortest path finding method. The direct application of the crowding model to a real network for the Utah Transit Authority indicates that crowd modeling with multi-user classes could influence public transportation system planning and affect the revenues of transit agencies. Moreover, the addition of the disutility factor, crowding, does not always appear to cause an increase in disutility for transit users. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 935-953 Issue: 8 Volume: 38 Year: 2015 Month: 12 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1079391 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1079391 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:38:y:2015:i:8:p:935-953 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Author-Name: Ioannis Kaparias Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis Author-X-Name-Last: Kaparias Title: Transportation planning and technology Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-2 Issue: 1 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1113664 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1113664 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:1:p:1-2 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria-Ioanna M. Imprialou Author-X-Name-First: Maria-Ioanna M. Author-X-Name-Last: Imprialou Author-Name: Mohammed Quddus Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed Author-X-Name-Last: Quddus Author-Name: David E. Pitfield Author-X-Name-First: David E. Author-X-Name-Last: Pitfield Title: Predicting the safety impact of a speed limit increase using condition-based multivariate Poisson lognormal regression Abstract: Speed limit changes are considered to lead to proportional changes in the number and severity of crashes. To predict the impact of a speed limit alteration, it is necessary to define a relationship between crashes and speed on a road network. This paper examines the relationship of crashes with speed, as well as with other traffic and geometric variables, on the UK motorways in order to estimate the impact of a potential speed limit increase from 70 to 80 mph on traffic safety. Full Bayesian multivariate Poisson lognormal regression models are applied to a data set aggregated using the condition-based approach for crashes by vehicle (i.e. single vehicle and multiple vehicle) and severity (i.e. fatal or serious and slight). The results show that single-vehicle crashes of all severities and fatal or serious injury crashes involving multiple vehicles increase at higher speed conditions and particularly when these are combined with lower volumes. Slight injury multiple-vehicle crashes are found not to be related to high speeds, but instead with congested traffic. Using the speed elasticity values derived from the models, the predicted annual increase in crashes after a speed limit increase on the UK motorway is found to be 6.2--12.1% for fatal or serious injury crashes and 1.3--2.7% for slight injury, or else up to 167 more crashes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 3-23 Issue: 1 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1108080 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1108080 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:1:p:3-23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Urbi Banerjee Author-X-Name-First: Urbi Author-X-Name-Last: Banerjee Author-Name: Julian Hine Author-X-Name-First: Julian Author-X-Name-Last: Hine Title: Interpreting the influence of urban form on household car travel using partial least squares structural equation modelling: some evidence from Northern Ireland Abstract: This paper investigates the relative influence of urban form, attitude and preferences and socio-economic and demographic factors on travel patterns in terms of vehicular miles travelled in Northern Ireland. Two specific issues unique to the research context, where car reliance is an inherent part of daily lifestyle, are of concern when determining the pattern of these inter-relationships: firstly ‘where we live’ and secondly its impact on ‘how we travel’ or vice versa. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling the empirical findings show that while there is no significant direct influence of the neighbourhood scale urban form variables on the vehicular miles travelled (VMT), regional-scale urban form factors exert a strong effect on VMT. Car-oriented preference and socio-economic characteristics were found to be key determinants of VMT, although the strongest influence is exerted by residential preferences namely ‘where we live’ which in turn influences ‘how we travel’. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 24-44 Issue: 1 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1108081 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1108081 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:1:p:24-44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bashir Ahmed Author-X-Name-First: Bashir Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed Author-Name: Nick Hounsell Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Hounsell Author-Name: Birendra Shrestha Author-X-Name-First: Birendra Author-X-Name-Last: Shrestha Title: Investigating bus priority parameters for isolated vehicle actuated junctions Abstract: Bus priority at traffic signals has been implemented in many cities around the world. At signalised junctions, priority can be given by altering signal timings in favour of approaching buses. In usual practice, this is achieved by either extending the green period for an approaching bus or recalling the green stage, if the signal is currently red for the bus. These bus priority methods reduce junction delays for buses and thus improve bus speed and reliability. At isolated junctions in the UK, the parameters used to implement these priority methods are only based on the requirements for green extensions. These parameters may not always be effective for recalls. This study was undertaken to explore whether bus priority benefits can be improved by considering new priority parameters effective for both methods.This research has involved the application of the VISSIM microscopic simulation software to evaluate existing and new strategies for bus priority at isolated signal controlled junctions operating under D-system vehicle actuation (VA). During evaluation, bus travel time savings and impacts on general traffic have been considered. The performance of these methods on various junction types has been evaluated. New advanced bus priority methods based on new priority parameters have been developed and their performance has been compared with the existing methods. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 45-58 Issue: 1 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1108082 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1108082 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:1:p:45-58 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kaveh Jahanshahi Author-X-Name-First: Kaveh Author-X-Name-Last: Jahanshahi Author-Name: Ying Jin Author-X-Name-First: Ying Author-X-Name-Last: Jin Title: The built environment typologies in the UK and their influences on travel behaviour: new evidence through latent categorisation in structural equation modelling Abstract: This paper uses a new latent categorisation approach (LCA) in structural equation modelling (SEM) to gain fresh insights into the influence of the built environment characteristics upon travel behaviour. So far as we are aware, this is the first LCA-SEM application in this field. We use all the main descriptors of the built environment in the UK National Travel Survey data in the analysis whilst accounting for the high correlations among the descriptors -- this is achieved through defining a categorical rather than continuous latent variable for the built environment characteristics. This novel approach to defining a tangible typology of the built environment in the UK is capable of making the analytical results more cogent to formulating new, proactive land use planning and urban design measures as well as monitoring the outcomes of on-going planning and transport interventions. Since travel survey data are regularly collected across a large number of cities in the world, our approach helps to guide the design of future travel surveys for those cities in a way that enhances the analysis and monitoring of the impacts of planning and transport policies on travel choices. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 59-77 Issue: 1 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1108083 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1108083 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:1:p:59-77 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad Mamouei Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Author-X-Name-Last: Mamouei Author-Name: Ioannis Kaparias Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis Author-X-Name-Last: Kaparias Author-Name: George Halikias Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Halikias Title: A quantitative approach to the behavioural analysis of drivers in highways using particle filtering Abstract: The analysis of driving behaviour is a challenging task in the transport field that has numerous applications, ranging from highway design to micro-simulation and the development of advanced driver assistance systems. There has been evidence suggesting changes in the driving behaviour in response to changes in traffic conditions, and this is known as adaptive driving behaviour. Identifying these changes and the conditions under which they happen, and describing them in a systematic way, contributes greatly to the accuracy of micro-simulation, and more importantly to the understanding of the traffic flow, and therefore paves the way for introducing further improvements with respect to the efficiency of the transport network. In this paper adaptive driving behaviour is linked to changes in the parameters of a given car-following model. These changes are tracked using a dynamic system identification method, called particle filtering. Subsequently, the dynamic parameter estimates are further processed to identify critical points where significant changes in the system take place. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 78-96 Issue: 1 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1108084 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1108084 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:1:p:78-96 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Konstantinos Papangelis Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos Author-X-Name-Last: Papangelis Author-Name: John D. Nelson Author-X-Name-First: John D. Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson Author-Name: Somayajulu Sripada Author-X-Name-First: Somayajulu Author-X-Name-Last: Sripada Author-Name: Mark Beecroft Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Beecroft Title: The effects of mobile real-time information on rural passengers Abstract: Mobile real-time passenger information (RTPI) systems are becoming ubiquitous in public transport and a plethora of studies have explored the effects they have on passengers. However, these studies mostly focus on urban areas and largely ignore rural dwellers. In this paper, we present results of a study that looks into the effects that mobile RTPI has on passengers in rural areas. The results indicate that the participants primarily used the mobile RTPI system to gain situation and geospatial awareness and to adapt their travel behaviour in disrupted circumstances. Further, we have identified that mobile RTPI significantly affects the everyday public transport travel of individuals. The outcomes of this study provide an initial understanding of the effects of a mobile RTPI system on rural users. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 97-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1108085 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1108085 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:1:p:97-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jaimee Lederman Author-X-Name-First: Jaimee Author-X-Name-Last: Lederman Author-Name: Brian D. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Brian D. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Mark Garrett Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Garrett Title: A private matter: the implications of privacy regulations for intelligent transportation systems Abstract: The rapid development and deployment of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) that utilize data on the movement of vehicles can greatly benefit transportation network operations and safety, but may test the limits of personal privacy. In this paper we survey the current state of legal and industry-led privacy protections related to ITS and find that the lack of existing standards, rules, and laws governing the collection, storage, and use of such information could both raise troubling privacy questions and potentially hinder implementation of useful ITS technologies. We then offer practical recommendations for addressing ITS-related privacy concerns though both privacy-by-design solutions (that build privacy protections into data collection systems), and privacy-by-policy solutions (that provide guidelines for data collection and treatment) including limiting the scope of data collection and use, assuring confidentially of data storage, and other ways to build trust and foster consumer consent. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 115-135 Issue: 2 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1127537 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1127537 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:2:p:115-135 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kenneth Button Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth Author-X-Name-Last: Button Title: Public--private partnerships: a review of economic considerations with particular reference to transportation projects Abstract: The paper sets in context some of the more recent work that has been conducted on public--private partnerships (PPPs) in the provision and operation of infrastructure. PPPs essentially involve a government or its agent signing an agreement with a private company or consortium to supply it with services with the private sector actor involved in major elements of designing, building, temporarily ‘owning’, and running the physical assets; basically they are long-term development and service contracts between government and a private partner. The paper outlines the development of economic thinking regarding the rationale behind PPPs, the extent to which unbundling is optimal and the forms that it may take, the nature of the contracts that are enacted and their renegotiation, the awarding of contracts, and matters of possible corruption. By way of focus, it also provides some indication of what empirical studies in the transportation have thrown up regarding the outcomes of PPPs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 136-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1127538 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1127538 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:2:p:136-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emily Moylan Author-X-Name-First: Emily Author-X-Name-Last: Moylan Author-Name: Fletcher Foti Author-X-Name-First: Fletcher Author-X-Name-Last: Foti Author-Name: Alexander Skabardonis Author-X-Name-First: Alexander Author-X-Name-Last: Skabardonis Title: Observed and simulated traffic impacts from the 2013 Bay Area Rapid Transit strike Abstract: Despite high costs, many cities build public transit to address regional equity, environmental and economic goals. Although public transit accounts for a minority of trips (∼5%), the impact is widely felt when service is suspended during a strike through excess road demand and slower journeys. In 2013, Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) workers participated in two brief strikes, and the resulting traffic conditions illustrate the value of transit to drivers in the San Francisco Bay Area region. This paper tests the impact of rail transit service interruption on freeway traffic conditions using volumes and travel times. During the strike, regional freeway conditions showed negligible change. However, on facilities that parallel BART service, the impacts are as bad as the worst day of a typical week. Conditions on the San Francisco--Oakland Bay Bridge showed significant impacts with travel times and volumes nearly doubling the baseline median values on the worst day. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 162-179 Issue: 2 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1127539 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1127539 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:2:p:162-179 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tao Feng Author-X-Name-First: Tao Author-X-Name-Last: Feng Author-Name: Harry J.P. Timmermans Author-X-Name-First: Harry J.P. Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans Title: Comparison of advanced imputation algorithms for detection of transportation mode and activity episode using GPS data Abstract: Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies have been increasingly considered as an alternative to traditional travel survey methods to collect activity-travel data. Algorithms applied to extract activity-travel patterns vary from informal ad-hoc decision rules to advanced machine learning methods and have different accuracy. This paper systematically compares the relative performance of different algorithms for the detection of transportation modes and activity episodes. In particular, naive Bayesian, Bayesian network, logistic regression, multilayer perceptron, support vector machine, decision table, and C4.5 algorithms are selected and compared for the same data according to their overall error rates and hit ratios. Results show that the Bayesian network has a better performance than the other algorithms in terms of the percentage correctly identified instances and Kappa values for both the training data and test data, in the sense that the Bayesian network is relatively efficient and generalizable in the context of GPS data imputation. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 180-194 Issue: 2 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1127540 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1127540 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:2:p:180-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shreya Das Author-X-Name-First: Shreya Author-X-Name-Last: Das Author-Name: Debapratim Pandit Author-X-Name-First: Debapratim Author-X-Name-Last: Pandit Title: Methodology to determine service delivery levels for public transportation Abstract: When designing transit services, the Level-of-Service concept has been widely used by transport planners and service providers to assess the service quality of an existing transit system. In addition to the service quality assessment, service providers also need to estimate the service levels that will satisfy a maximum number of users and potential users, across all socio-economic groups, so as to maximize patronage. This paper demonstrates a method using the concept of ‘user satisfaction levels’ and their ‘zone of tolerance’, along with total utility and marginal utility for service providers, to provide a range of service delivery levels for individual transit service attributes in the city of Kolkata. This range of service levels provides a guideline for service providers within which they can consider making an improvement in service level. However, the final decision on service improvement is an outcome of both financial and infrastructural feasibility. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 195-217 Issue: 2 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1127541 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1127541 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:2:p:195-217 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olga Petrik Author-X-Name-First: Olga Author-X-Name-Last: Petrik Author-Name: Filipe Moura Author-X-Name-First: Filipe Author-X-Name-Last: Moura Author-Name: João de Abreu e Silva Author-X-Name-First: João de Abreu e Author-X-Name-Last: Silva Title: Measuring uncertainty in discrete choice travel demand forecasting models Abstract: In transportation projects, uncertainty related to the difference between forecast and actual demand is of major interest for the decision-maker, as it can have a substantial influence on the viability of a project. This paper identifies and quantifies discrete choice model uncertainty, which is present in the model parameters and attributes, and determines its impact on risk taking for decision-making applied to a case study of the High-Speed Rail project in Portugal. The methodology includes bootstrapping for the parameter variation, a postulated triangular distribution for the mode-specific input and a probabilistic graphical model for the socio-economic input variation. In comparison to point estimates, the findings for mode shift results in a wider swing in the system, which constitutes valuable information for decision-makers. The methodology, findings and conclusions presented in this study can be generalized to projects involving similar models. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 218-237 Issue: 2 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2015.1127542 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2015.1127542 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:2:p:218-237 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Plotnikov Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Plotnikov Author-Name: John Collura Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Collura Title: A methodology to estimate the revenue anticipated from State-level alternative financing approaches in the US Abstract: A major issue that State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) in the US face relates to financing future transportation investments. Questions of interest to State DOT officials relate to the suitability and revenue potential of alternative financing approaches. This paper presents a methodology to estimate the potential levels of revenue associated with the use of selected combinations of financing approaches and to assess the adequacy of these revenues vis-a-vis various levels of investments being considered by decision-makers. The methodology is designed to accommodate a wide array of inputs such as major policy objectives and initial assumptions that may vary significantly from State to State in order to provide a greater flexibility of implementation. The application of this methodology is demonstrated with an illustrative example for Massachusetts. This paper should be of interest to State DOTs seeking an acceptable combination of financing approaches to support future transportation investments. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 239-253 Issue: 3 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1142221 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1142221 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:3:p:239-253 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheng-Chieh (Frank) Chen Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Chieh (Frank) Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Paul Schonfeld Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Schonfeld Title: A dispatching decision support system for countering delay propagation in intermodal logistics networks Abstract: This paper specifies a dispatching decision support system devoted to managing intermodal logistics operations while countering delay and delay propagation. When service disruptions occur within a logistics network where schedule coordination is employed, a dispatching control model determines through an optimization process whether each ready outbound vehicle should be dispatched immediately or held to wait for some late incoming vehicles. Decisions should consider potential missed-connection costs that may occur not only at the next transfer terminals but also at hubs located further downstream. Numerical examples and a sensitivity analysis with different slack time settings for attenuating delay propagation are presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 254-268 Issue: 3 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1142222 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1142222 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:3:p:254-268 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiaoyan Huang Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoyan Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Author-Name: Xiaoshu Cao Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoshu Author-X-Name-Last: Cao Author-Name: Jason Cao Author-X-Name-First: Jason Author-X-Name-Last: Cao Title: The association between transit access and auto ownership: evidence from Guangzhou, China Abstract: In many developing countries, massive investment in transit infrastructure is concurrent with the proliferation of automobiles. Planners expect that investment can slow the growth of auto ownership. However, few studies have examined the relationships between transit access and auto ownership in developing countries, whereas research in developed countries offers mixed findings and the outcomes may not be applicable to developing countries. This study employs a random effect ordered probit model on data collected from Guangzhou residents in 2011--2012. We find that transit access is negatively associated with auto ownership, after controlling for demographics and other built environment variables. This result suggests that, although income is the dominant driver for auto ownership in growing developing countries, transit investment is a promising strategy to slow the growth of auto ownership. This study also highlights the importance of addressing spatial dependency in clustered data. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 269-283 Issue: 3 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1142223 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1142223 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:3:p:269-283 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Moataz Mahmoud Author-X-Name-First: Moataz Author-X-Name-Last: Mahmoud Author-Name: Julian Hine Author-X-Name-First: Julian Author-X-Name-Last: Hine Title: Measuring the influence of bus service quality on the perception of users Abstract: Encouraging the use of public transport is a key policy goal in many countries. Therefore, public transport should offer the level of quality that accommodates the demands of current users, and importantly, the desires of potential users. This study investigates the influence of the perceived quality of bus service on the perception of both current and potential users. The study draws upon data from 512 questionnaires distributed across Belfast City in the UK. The study utilises a binary logistic regression model to quantify the relationships between the perceived quality of 29 bus indicators (independent) and the perceptions of users towards the overall bus service (dependent). Eleven significant indicators are reported to have significant influence on the perception of users. These indicators are utilised to propose scenarios for optimising the quality of bus service with the perceptions of current and potential users. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 284-299 Issue: 3 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1142224 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1142224 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:3:p:284-299 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ehsan Ali Askari Author-X-Name-First: Ehsan Author-X-Name-Last: Ali Askari Author-Name: Mahdi Bashiri Author-X-Name-First: Mahdi Author-X-Name-Last: Bashiri Author-Name: Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam Author-X-Name-First: Reza Author-X-Name-Last: Tavakkoli-Moghaddam Title: Vehicle sharing system with fleet sizing and multi-transportation modes under allowable shortages: a hybrid metaheuristic approach Abstract: In this paper, a vehicle sharing system with multi-transportation modes and allowable shortage is presented. This model aims to minimize the system's total cost by using optimum locations and number of stations, routes, transportation modes, station capacities for different modes and time between stations balancing. Because of the model's complexity, currently available proprietary software is not able to solve the model in a reasonable computational time, so a hybrid algorithm based on a genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization is presented. The results confirm its efficiency compared with the classic GA and exact solution methods. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis shows the applicability of the proposed algorithm. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 300-317 Issue: 3 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1142225 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1142225 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:3:p:300-317 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Natalia Kyriakopoulou Author-X-Name-First: Natalia Author-X-Name-Last: Kyriakopoulou Author-Name: Yorgos N. Photis Author-X-Name-First: Yorgos N. Author-X-Name-Last: Photis Author-Name: Pavlos Kanaroglou Author-X-Name-First: Pavlos Author-X-Name-Last: Kanaroglou Title: Mathematical characterization of spatiotemporal congested traffic patterns: mixed speed data analysis in the greater Toronto and Hamilton area, Canada Abstract: This paper formulates a comprehensive methodology for analyzing, quantifying and identifying congestion characteristics based on speed distribution. Utilizing vehicle speed data, a mathematical approach is applied, in order to characterize roadway segments, in terms of travel reliability, congestion severity and duration. We argue that the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and its parameter combination is the appropriate tool if we are to obtain quantitative congestion measures and rank roadway performance. A significant contribution of our approach is that it is based on assumptions regarding mixed components as well as speed distribution and can be applied to large databases. We test our framework on the greater Toronto and Hamilton area in Ontario, Canada, and conclude that congestion quantification through the application of the GMM can be successfully accomplished. Results indicate that speed patterns differ significantly between counties as well as days of the week. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 318-328 Issue: 3 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1142226 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1142226 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:3:p:318-328 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammed Aljoufie Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed Author-X-Name-Last: Aljoufie Author-Name: Mark Brussel Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Brussel Author-Name: Mark Zuidgeest Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Zuidgeest Author-Name: Hedwig van Delden Author-X-Name-First: Hedwig Author-X-Name-Last: van Delden Author-Name: Martin van Maarseveen Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: van Maarseveen Title: Integrated analysis of land-use and transport policy interventions Abstract: Analysing the impact of urban policy interventions on urban growth, land use and transport (LUT) is crucial for urban planners, transport planners and policy-makers, especially in rapidly growing cities. This paper presents a cellular automata-based land-use/transport interaction model -- Metronamica-LUTI -- for Jeddah that is used to analyse the impact of different proposed policy interventions under two urban growth scenarios for the period 2011--2031. Used as an integrated policy impact assessment tool, the model demonstrates a strong reciprocal relationship between LUT in Jeddah. This study shows that relevant spatial information and integrated policy impact assessment can provide rich insights into the interaction between LUT, the appropriate policy to consider in place and time which traditional planning practice and typical static urban models cannot do. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 329-357 Issue: 4 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1160578 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1160578 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:4:p:329-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Long Cheng Author-X-Name-First: Long Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng Author-Name: Xuewu Chen Author-X-Name-First: Xuewu Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Shuo Yang Author-X-Name-First: Shuo Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: An exploration of the relationships between socioeconomics, land use and daily trip chain pattern among low-income residents Abstract: Daily trip chain complexity and type choices of low-income residents are examined based on activity travel diary survey data in Nanjing, China. Statistical tests reveal that non-work trip chain complexity is distinctly distinct between low-income residents and non-low-income residents. Low-income residents are inclined to make simple non-work chains. Two types of econometric models, a stereotype logit model and mixed logit model, are then developed to investigate the possible explanatory variables affecting their trip pattern. The number of stops within a chain and chain types are considered as dependent variables, while independent variables include household and personal characteristics as well as land use variables. Results show that once convenient and flexible conditions are supplied, low-income residents are more likely to make multiple activities in a trip chain. Areas with high population and employment densities are associated with complex work trip chains and more non-work activity involvement. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 358-369 Issue: 4 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1160579 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1160579 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:4:p:358-369 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mehran Fasihozaman Langerudi Author-X-Name-First: Mehran Author-X-Name-Last: Fasihozaman Langerudi Author-Name: Taha Hossein Rashidi Author-X-Name-First: Taha Hossein Author-X-Name-Last: Rashidi Author-Name: Abolfazl (Kouros) Mohammadian Author-X-Name-First: Abolfazl (Kouros) Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammadian Title: Individual trip rate transferability analysis based on a decision tree approach Abstract: Transferring trip rates to areas without local survey data is a common practice which is typically performed in an ad hoc fashion using household-based cross-classification tables. This paper applies a rule-based decision tree method to develop individual-level trip generation models for eight different trip purposes as defined in the US National Household Travel Survey in addition to daily vehicle miles traveled. For each trip purpose, the models are obtained by finding the best fitted statistical distribution to each of the final decision tree clusters while considering the correlation between the trip rates for other trip purposes. The rule-based models are sensitive to changes in demographics. The performance of the models is then tested and validated in a transferability application to the Phoenix Metropolitan Region. These models can be employed in a disaggregate microsimulation framework to generate trips with different purposes at the individual or household level. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 370-388 Issue: 4 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1160580 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1160580 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:4:p:370-388 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chaitanya Paleti Author-X-Name-First: Chaitanya Author-X-Name-Last: Paleti Author-Name: Xiaozheng He Author-X-Name-First: Xiaozheng Author-X-Name-Last: He Author-Name: Srinivas Peeta Author-X-Name-First: Srinivas Author-X-Name-Last: Peeta Title: Design of income-equitable toll prices for high occupancy toll lanes in a single toll facility Abstract: Income inequity potentially exists under high occupancy toll (HOT) lanes whereby higher-income travelers may reap the benefits of the facility. An income-based multi-toll pricing approach is proposed for a single HOT lane facility in a network to maximize simultaneously the toll revenue and address the income equity concern, while ensuring a minimum level-of-service on the HOT lanes and that the toll prices do not exceed pre-specified thresholds. The problem is modeled as a bi-level optimization formulation. The upper level model maximizes revenue for the tolling authority subject to pre-specified upper bounds on tolls. The lower level model solves the stochastic user equilibrium problem. An agent-based solution approach is used to determine the toll prices by considering the tolling authority and commuters as agents. Results from numerical experiments indicate that a multi-toll pricing scheme is more equitable and can yield higher revenues compared to a single toll price scheme across travelers. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 389-406 Issue: 4 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1160581 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1160581 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:4:p:389-406 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel (Jian) Sun Author-X-Name-First: Daniel (Jian) Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Author-Name: Shukai Chen Author-X-Name-First: Shukai Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Chun Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Chun Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Suwan Shen Author-X-Name-First: Suwan Author-X-Name-Last: Shen Title: A bus route evaluation model based on GIS and super-efficient data envelopment analysis Abstract: When compared to large cities in developed countries, the shares of public transportation in most Chinese cities are low. Increasing the competitiveness of urban public transportation remains an urgent problem. A capable evaluation method for public transportation is required to assist the development of urban transit systems. This paper focuses on the bus system. Being devoid of standard criteria, it is difficult to determine the efficiency of a transit system or any bus line using a single evaluation index. This paper proposes a comparative analysis to evaluate bus lines so as to filter out candidates for further optimization. From the viewpoints of transit planning, operation and quality of service, this paper establishes 10 subordinate evaluation indices and then uses geographical information system tools, global positioning system data and smart card data to assist the index definition and calculation. Super-efficient data envelopment analysis (DEA) method is adopted for the proposed single factor and comprehensive evaluation models. Finally, the bus system in Shenzhen, China is used as a case study. The comparable significant results validate the capability of the proposed model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 407-423 Issue: 4 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1160582 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1160582 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:4:p:407-423 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Huibo Gong Author-X-Name-First: Huibo Author-X-Name-Last: Gong Author-Name: Xumei Chen Author-X-Name-First: Xumei Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Lei Yu Author-X-Name-First: Lei Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Lijuan Wu Author-X-Name-First: Lijuan Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: An application-oriented model of passenger waiting time based on bus departure time intervals Abstract: This paper develops an application-oriented model to estimate waiting times as a function of bus departure time intervals. Bus stops are classified into Type A and B depending on whether they are connected with urban rail transit systems. Distributions of passenger arrival rates are analyzed based on field data for Beijing. The results indicate that the best fits for the distribution of passenger arrival rates for Type A and B bus stops are the lognormal distribution and gamma distribution, respectively. By analyzing relationships between passenger arrival rates and bus departure time intervals, it is demonstrated that parameters of the passenger arrival rate distribution can be expressed by the average and coefficient of variation of bus departure time intervals in functional relationships. The validation shows that the model provides a reliable estimation of the average passenger waiting time based on readily available bus departure time intervals. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 424-437 Issue: 4 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1160583 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1160583 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:4:p:424-437 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George Sammour Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Sammour Author-Name: Koen Vanhoof Author-X-Name-First: Koen Author-X-Name-Last: Vanhoof Author-Name: Tom Bellemans Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Bellemans Author-Name: Davy Janssens Author-X-Name-First: Davy Author-X-Name-Last: Janssens Author-Name: Geert Wets Author-X-Name-First: Geert Author-X-Name-Last: Wets Title: Investigating the predictive performance of computational process activity-based transportation models Abstract: The aim of this paper is to achieve a better understanding of computational process activity-based models, by identifying factors that influence the predictive performance of A Learning-based Transportation Oriented Simulation System model. Therefore, the work activity process model, which includes six decision steps, is investigated. The manner of execution in the process model contains two features, activation dependency and attribute interdependence. Activation dependency branches the execution of the simulation while attribute interdependence involves the inclusion of the decision outcome of a decision step as an attribute to subsequent decision steps. The model is experimented with by running the simulation in four settings. The performance of the models is assessed at three validation levels: the classifier or decision step level, the activity pattern sequence level and the origin--destination matrix level. The results of the validation analysis reveal more understanding of the model. Benchmarks and factors affecting the predictive performance of computational activity-based models are identified. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 551-573 Issue: 6 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1187807 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1187807 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:6:p:551-573 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seung Hyun Kim Author-X-Name-First: Seung Hyun Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Sang Hoon Bae Author-X-Name-First: Sang Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Bae Title: Optimal solution to the vehicle routing problem by adopting a meta-heuristic algorithm Abstract: The delivery service provided by large-scale retailers continues to grow as online sales occupy an increasingly large share of the market. This study aims to tease out efficient vehicle scheduling times as well as optimal delivery routes by applying meta-heuristic algorithms. Monthly data on existing routes were obtained from a branch of Korea’s leading large-scale online retailer. The first task was to examine the status of existing routes by comparing delivery routes created using Dijkstra’s algorithm with existing delivery routes and their vehicle scheduling. The second task was to identify optimal delivery routes through a comparative analysis of the genetic algorithm and Tabu search algorithm, known for its superior applicability amongst other meta-heuristic algorithms. These findings demonstrate that the optimal vehicle routing problem not only has the potential to reduce distribution costs for operators and expedite delivery for consumers, but also the added social benefit of reduced carbon emissions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 574-585 Issue: 6 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1187808 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1187808 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:6:p:574-585 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ingunn Olea Lund Author-X-Name-First: Ingunn Olea Author-X-Name-Last: Lund Author-Name: Trond Nordfjærn Author-X-Name-First: Trond Author-X-Name-Last: Nordfjærn Author-Name: Torbjørn Rundmo Author-X-Name-First: Torbjørn Author-X-Name-Last: Rundmo Title: Changes in transport risk perception in urban populations in Norway from 2004 to 2013 Abstract: Urban populations transport risk perception is interesting because it is associated with travel mode choices and use. This study investigates changes in transport-related risk constructs in the urban population in Norway in 2004 and 2013, and describes whether people perceive private or public to be associated with the highest risk. The results are based on self-completion questionnaire surveys conducted in two independent representative samples living in the same urban areas in 2004 (n = 592) and 2013 (n = 1035). Overall, the respondents perceived the risk as lower in 2013 than in 2004. For both time periods, people consistently assessed the risk constructs related to private motorized transportation as higher than corresponding risk in public transportation. The findings suggest that while transportation risk perception in urban populations may change over time, the pattern that private motorized transportation is associated with a higher perceived risk than public transportation remains stable. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 586-596 Issue: 6 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1187809 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1187809 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:6:p:586-596 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Caixia Li Author-X-Name-First: Caixia Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Sreenatha Gopalarao Author-X-Name-First: Sreenatha Author-X-Name-Last: Gopalarao Author-Name: Tapabrata Ray Author-X-Name-First: Tapabrata Author-X-Name-Last: Ray Title: A path-based flow formulation for the traffic assignment problem Abstract: In order to improve cooperation between traffic management and travelers, traffic assignment is the key component to achieve the objectives of both traffic management and route choice decisions for travelers. Traffic assignment can be classified into two models based on the behavioral assumptions governing route choices: User Equilibrium (UE) and System Optimum (SO) traffic assignment. According to UE and SO traffic assignment, travelers usually compete to choose the least cost routes to minimize their own travel costs, while SO traffic assignment requires travelers to work cooperatively to minimize overall cost in the road network. Thus, the paradox of benefits between UE and SO indicates that both are not practical. Thus, a solution technique needs to be proposed to balance UE and SO models, which can compromise both sides and give more feasible traffic assignments. In this paper, Stackelberg game theory is introduced to the traffic assignment problem, which can achieve the trade-off process between traffic management and travelers. Since traditional traffic assignments have low convergence rates, the gradient projection algorithm is proposed to improve efficiency. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 597-611 Issue: 6 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1187810 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1187810 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:6:p:597-611 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mehdi Moeinaddini Author-X-Name-First: Mehdi Author-X-Name-Last: Moeinaddini Author-Name: Zohreh Asadi-Shekari Author-X-Name-First: Zohreh Author-X-Name-Last: Asadi-Shekari Author-Name: Zahid Sultan Author-X-Name-First: Zahid Author-X-Name-Last: Sultan Author-Name: Muhammad Zaly Shah Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Author-X-Name-Last: Zaly Shah Author-Name: Amran Hamzah Author-X-Name-First: Amran Author-X-Name-Last: Hamzah Title: The relationship between urban street networks and private motorized trips at the city level Abstract: There are factors that impact car usage in urban areas, such as density, diversity and design, but there have been few studies that examine the relationship between street network factors and car usage at the city level (macro level). This paper focuses on this relationship by introducing urban street network variables, such as blocks per area, nodes per block and length of roads and motorways, as independent variables and the percentage of daily trips by private motorized modes as the dependent variable. The street network in this study includes interconnecting lines and points that present streets, roads, motorways, intersections and blocks. The strength of the relationship in this study is found using multiple linear regression. The findings of this research indicate that an increase in car usage is correlated with an increasing number of blocks per area, number of nodes per block and length of motorways. In addition, because the urban street network is the result of macro-scale planning decisions, considering this relationship can lead to better planning decisions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 612-623 Issue: 6 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1187811 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1187811 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:6:p:612-623 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dingyou Lei Author-X-Name-First: Dingyou Author-X-Name-Last: Lei Author-Name: Chuijiang Guo Author-X-Name-First: Chuijiang Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Author-Name: Yinggui Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Yinggui Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Chunxiao Chen Author-X-Name-First: Chunxiao Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: Reasonable scheduling for arrival--departure track operations in railway stations Abstract: We analyze the train types handled at a section station and the factors affecting the scheduling of the arrival--departure track operation, using the following conditions as our optimization goals: operating the arrival--departure tracks in accordance with a fixed operation scheme, and reducing the influence which the departing--receiving operations impose on shunting operations. We establish a 0--1 integer programming model for formulating a track operation plan. By applying modern sequencing theory, this is transformed into a fixed sequencing model of special parallel machines. We then design a heuristic algorithm to solve the model. Finally, the example of Yiyang railway station is used to verify the advantages of the model and the algorithm. A better operation plan is obtained using MATLAB 7.0 by applying the model and the algorithm provided in the paper, indicating the superiority of our study’s approach. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 624-639 Issue: 6 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1187812 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1187812 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:6:p:624-639 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emmanuel Kidando Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel Author-X-Name-Last: Kidando Author-Name: Ren Moses Author-X-Name-First: Ren Author-X-Name-Last: Moses Author-Name: Thobias Sando Author-X-Name-First: Thobias Author-X-Name-Last: Sando Author-Name: Eren E. Ozguven Author-X-Name-First: Eren E. Author-X-Name-Last: Ozguven Title: Assessment of factors associated with travel time reliability and prediction: an empirical analysis using probabilistic reasoning approach Abstract: Significant efforts have been made in modeling a travel time distribution and establishing measures of travel time reliability (TTR). However, the literature on evaluating the factors affecting TTR is not well established. Accordingly, this paper presents an empirical analysis to determine potential factors that are associated with TTR. This study mainly applies the Bayesian Networks model to assess the probabilistic association between road geometry, traffic data, and TTR. The results from this model reveal that land use characteristics, intersection factors, and posted speed limits are directly associated with TTR. Evaluating the strength of the association between TTR and the directly related variables, the log odds ratio analysis indicates that the land use factor has the highest impact (0.83) followed by the intersection factor (0.57). The findings from this study can provide valuable resources to planners and traffic operators in their decision-making to improve TTR with quantitative evidence. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 309-323 Issue: 4 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1600239 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1600239 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:4:p:309-323 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Afroditi Anagnostopoulou Author-X-Name-First: Afroditi Author-X-Name-Last: Anagnostopoulou Author-Name: Evangelos Spyrou Author-X-Name-First: Evangelos Author-X-Name-Last: Spyrou Author-Name: Dimitrios Mitrakos Author-X-Name-First: Dimitrios Author-X-Name-Last: Mitrakos Author-Name: Maria Boile Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Boile Title: An advanced solution for efficient logistics management at both company and network level Abstract: This paper proposes an advanced solution for efficient logistics management in urban areas based on a unified scheme able to address both static and dynamic decision making at a company and network level. The proposed solution generates the most efficient urban distribution plan utilizing an evolutionary metaheuristic approach and a backpressure framework that provide competitive scheduling and routing decisions. An empirical study based on real data is conducted assessing the performance of the proposed advanced solution and the reported results of the evaluation experiments demonstrate its generality and robustness. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 324-338 Issue: 4 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1600240 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1600240 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:4:p:324-338 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiangbo Gabriel Yu Author-X-Name-First: Jiangbo Gabriel Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: R. Jayakrishnan Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Jayakrishnan Title: Quantifying traveler information provision in dynamic heterogeneous traffic networks Abstract: Information is effectively the same as a change in uncertainty perceived by an observer. This paper adopts the strict definition of information from Shannon’s Information Theory and provides procedures for quantifying effective provision of traveler information, considering it to be equivalent to the change of perceived uncertainty. The proposed method combines a cognitive grouping theory and an information learning scheme at an individual’s level to evaluate the dynamic information provision in the unit of a bit. Such numerical quantification can be meaningful in evaluating alternatives with more fine-grained information provision strategies and understanding their equity impact. Quantifying information in a manner consistent with Information Theory also provides a ‘shared language’ that facilitates more constructive discussion among stakeholders from different backgrounds. The case study is conducted on a heterogeneous dynamic traffic network near Downtown Los Angeles for evaluating different alternatives of a proposed dynamic message board in terms of its location and dynamic content. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 339-354 Issue: 4 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1600241 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1600241 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:4:p:339-354 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lei Tang Author-X-Name-First: Lei Author-X-Name-Last: Tang Author-Name: Zongtao Duan Author-X-Name-First: Zongtao Author-X-Name-Last: Duan Author-Name: Yaling Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Yaling Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Title: Toward using social media to support ridesharing services: challenges and opportunities Abstract: Ridesharing has been attracting increasing attention from both academia and industry. One of the challenges posed by the study of ridesharing is to identify the most valuable information for improving the ridesharing decisions taken by participants. Another challenge is to use harvesting techniques to extract specific types of travel-related information. Many methods have been developed by the community in order to solve these issues. However, due to a lack of information sharing between different transit authorities and the difficulty of identifying subjective perceptions of the experience of ridesharing, understanding and evaluating how social media data might support or obstruct goals for mobility, safety and environmental sustainability in ridesharing is a difficult task. In this survey, we first analyze the literature on ridesharing with a focus on the properties and model of service, and introduce a framework to describe the major components required for a ridesharing service. Then, we illustrate the potential value of information extracted from social media and present the rationale for harvesting travel-related data. Finally, we detail some possible directions and different approaches for using social media data, and highlight their assets and drawbacks. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 355-379 Issue: 4 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1600242 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1600242 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:4:p:355-379 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wen-Chun Tseng Author-X-Name-First: Wen-Chun Author-X-Name-Last: Tseng Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: A choice model of airline passengers’ spending behaviour in the airport terminal Abstract: This study examines the influence of passengers’ travel-related factors, their intention to shop and the impact of socio-economic factors on their consumption behaviours while at the airport terminal. Three categories of consumption model – shopping, dining and airport entertainment – are developed to analyse different consumption behaviours. The results show that free time is the main factor that influences passengers to choose entertainment while waiting at the terminal, and the use of airline lounges has a negative influence on the extent of engagement in all three types of passenger consumption behaviour, especially dining. Furthermore, passengers’ dining expenditure has a positive effect on the extent of engagement in entertainment, but a negative influence on the extent of engagement in airport shopping. Passengers’ preferences of airport shopping area after they have cleared security is positively associated with the extent of engagement in both shopping and entertainment but negatively associated with the extent of engagement in dining activities. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 380-390 Issue: 4 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1600243 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1600243 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:4:p:380-390 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Md Hadiuzzaman Author-X-Name-First: Md Author-X-Name-Last: Hadiuzzaman Author-Name: Nahid Parvez Farazi Author-X-Name-First: Nahid Parvez Author-X-Name-Last: Farazi Author-Name: Sanjana Hossain Author-X-Name-First: Sanjana Author-X-Name-Last: Hossain Author-Name: Saurav Barua Author-X-Name-First: Saurav Author-X-Name-Last: Barua Author-Name: Farzana Rahman Author-X-Name-First: Farzana Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman Title: Structural equation approach to investigate trip-chaining and mode choice relationships in the context of developing countries Abstract: This paper investigates empirical relationships between trip chain type and mode class choice for developing countries. To formulate these two sets of decisions, four empirical models are developed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Those models are calibrated using one-month travel diary data collected in Dhaka city. SEM correlates the observed variables and identifies their relationship with trip-chaining type utility and mode class choice utility. The fitted models are selected based on statistical results and similarity with the real-life situation. Direct relationships between trip-chaining and mode choice utilities are found insignificant. However, several socio-demographic factors influence both simultaneously. Consequently, it is essential to consider mode class choice concurrently for modeling trip chains. This study also investigates the influencing factors for work-based and non-work-based trip chains separately and effects of road users’ heterogeneity. The research results can be utilized to perceive trip chain-mode choice patterns for developing countries. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 391-415 Issue: 4 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1600244 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1600244 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:4:p:391-415 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yang Zhou Author-X-Name-First: Yang Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou Author-Name: Chao Yang Author-X-Name-First: Chao Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Rongrong Zhu Author-X-Name-First: Rongrong Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Title: Identifying trip ends from raw GPS data with a hybrid spatio-temporal clustering algorithm and random forest model: a case study in Shanghai Abstract: Smartphones have been advocated as the preferred devices for travel behavior studies over conventional surveys. But the primary challenges are candidate stops extraction from GPS data and trip ends distinction from noise. This paper develops a Resident Travel Survey System (RTSS) for GPS data collection and travel diary verification, and then uses a two-step method to identify trip ends. In the first step, a density-based spatio-temporal clustering algorithm is proposed to extract candidate stops from trajectories. In the second step, a random forest model is applied to distinguish trip ends from mode transfer points. Results show that the clustering algorithm achieves a precision of 96.2%, a recall of 99.6%, mean absolute error of time within 3 min, and average offset distance within 30 meters. The comprehensive accuracy of trip ends identification is 99.2%. The two-step method performs well in trip ends identification and promotes the efficiency of travel survey systems. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 739-756 Issue: 8 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1675309 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1675309 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:8:p:739-756 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vasco Reis Author-X-Name-First: Vasco Author-X-Name-Last: Reis Author-Name: Pedro Macedo Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Author-X-Name-Last: Macedo Title: Mapping and evaluating the complexity of information flows in freight transport chains Abstract: The role of information in the efficient management of freight transport systems is well acknowledged. Administrative functions, such as negotiation or payments, involve intensive communication, while the production of the transport service relies heavily on the sharing of information (e.g. track and trace). Yet, specific literature on information flows is relatively scarce. This paper sets out to contribute to filling in this gap. Firstly, it elaborates a set of maps of the information flows for four conceptualisations – direct link, corridor, hub and spoke, and connected hubs – of maritime freight transport, initially proposed by Woxenius (2007, “Generic Framework for Transport Network Designs: Applications and Treatment in Intermodal Freight Transport Literature.” Transport Reviews 27 (6): 733–749. doi:10.1080/01441640701358796). The results reveal a high degree of similarity between import and export services. Secondly, it assesses the complexity of each conceptualisation’s flow network using the concept of entropy. Flows are characterised along four variables: involved agents, timing, and contents and message type. Additionally, a new taxonomy is proposed to categorise the messages. The results evidence the heterogeneous contributions of each category to the complexity of the flows. Finally, the results also reveal that the information flows for the tasks in the pre-transport stage are not specific to the conceptualisation in question and are of comparable complexity to the flows occurring during the transport stage. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 757-776 Issue: 8 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1675312 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1675312 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:8:p:757-776 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adil Baykasoğlu Author-X-Name-First: Adil Author-X-Name-Last: Baykasoğlu Author-Name: Kemal Subulan Author-X-Name-First: Kemal Author-X-Name-Last: Subulan Title: A fuzzy-stochastic optimization model for the intermodal fleet management problem of an international transportation company Abstract: In this paper, a fuzzy-stochastic optimization model is developed for an intermodal fleet management system of a large international transportation company. The proposed model integrates various strategic, tactical and operational level decisions simultaneously. Since real-life fleet planning problems may involve different types of uncertainty jointly such as randomness and fuzziness, a hybrid chance-constrained programming and fuzzy interactive resolution-based approach is employed. Therefore, stochastic import/export freight demand and fuzzy transit times, truck/trailer availabilities, the transport capacity of Ro-Ro vessels, bounds on block train services, etc. can also be taken into account concurrently. In addition to minimize overall transportation costs, optimization of total transit times and CO2 emission values are also incorporated in order to provide sustainable fleet plans by maximizing customer satisfaction and environmental considerations. Computational results show that effective and efficient fleet plans can be produced by making use of the proposed optimization model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 777-824 Issue: 8 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1675316 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1675316 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:8:p:777-824 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Feng Chen Author-X-Name-First: Feng Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Jinlei Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Jinlei Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Zijia Wang Author-X-Name-First: Zijia Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Shunwei Shi Author-X-Name-First: Shunwei Author-X-Name-Last: Shi Author-Name: Haixu Liu Author-X-Name-First: Haixu Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Passenger travel characteristics and bus operational states: a study based on IC card and GPS data in Yinchuan, China Abstract: In recent years, public transport has been developing rapidly and producing large amounts of traffic data. Emerging big data-mining techniques enable the application of these data in a variety of ways. This study uses bus intelligent card (IC card) data and global positioning system (GPS) data to estimate passenger boarding and alighting stations. First, an estimation model for boarding stations is introduced to determine passenger boarding stations. Then, the authors propose an innovative uplink and downlink information identification model (UDI) to generate information for estimating alighting stations. Subsequently, the estimation model for the alighting stations is introduced. In addition, a transfer station identification model is also developed to determine transfer stations. These models are applied to Yinchuan, China to analyze passenger flow characteristics and bus operations. The authors obtain passenger flows based on stations (stops), bus lines, and traffic analysis zones (TAZ) during weekdays and weekends. Moreover, average bus operational speeds are obtained. These findings can be used in bus network planning and optimization as well as bus operation scheduling. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 825-847 Issue: 8 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1675796 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1675796 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:8:p:825-847 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: You-Jin Jung Author-X-Name-First: You-Jin Author-X-Name-Last: Jung Author-Name: Jeffrey M. Casello Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey M. Author-X-Name-Last: Casello Title: GIS-based transit trip allocation methods converting stop-level boarding and alighting trips into TAZ trips Abstract: This study introduces a framework to improve the utilization of new data sources such as automated vehicle location (AVL) and automated passenger counting (APC) systems in transit ridership forecasting models. The direct application of AVL/APC data to travel forecasting requires an important intermediary step that links stops and activities – boarding and alighting – to the actual locations (at the traffic analysis zone (TAZ) level) that generated/attracted these trips. GIS-based transit trip allocation methods are developed with a focus on considering the case when the access shed spans multiple TAZs. The proposed methods improve practical applicability with easily obtained data. The performance of the proposed allocation methods is further evaluated using transit on-board survey data. The results show that the methods can effectively handle various conditions, particularly for major activity generators. The average errors between observed data and the proposed method are about 8% for alighting trips and 18% for boarding trips. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 848-867 Issue: 8 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1675321 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1675321 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:8:p:848-867 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cebrail Ciflikli Author-X-Name-First: Cebrail Author-X-Name-Last: Ciflikli Author-Name: Emre Oner Tartan Author-X-Name-First: Emre Author-X-Name-Last: Oner Tartan Title: A model for the visualization and analysis of elevator traffic Abstract: Analysis of elevator traffic in high rise buildings is critical to the performance evaluation of elevator group control systems (EGCS). Elevator dispatching methods or parking algorithms in an EGCS can be designed or modified according to analyses of traffic flow. However, interpretation of traffic flow based solely on numerical data may not be explicit and transparent for EGCS experts as well as for other non-expert building administration. In this study, we present a model for visualization and analysis of elevator traffic. First, we present an alternative approach for traffic analysis which we call route visualization. In the proposed approach, we initially decompose elevator traffic into its component parts and investigate each component independently. Then, using superposition of components we obtain a reconstructed model of overall traffic. This modeling approach provides component-based traffic analysis and representation of routes with intensities through data visualization. In the second part we introduce a multi-dimensional analysis of time parameters in ECGS. This approach provides a comparative analysis of several control algorithms such as dispatch or park algorithms for different combinations of traffic components. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 868-880 Issue: 8 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1675326 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1675326 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:8:p:868-880 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peng Jing Author-X-Name-First: Peng Author-X-Name-Last: Jing Author-Name: Jing Wang Author-X-Name-First: Jing Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Long Chen Author-X-Name-First: Long Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Qi-fen Zha Author-X-Name-First: Qi-fen Author-X-Name-Last: Zha Title: Incorporating the extended theory of planned behavior in a school travel mode choice model: a case study of Shaoxing, China Abstract: Travel to and from school can have social, economic, and environmental implications for students and their parents. Therefore, understanding school travel mode choice behavior is essential to find policy-oriented approaches to optimizing school travel mode share. Recent research suggests that psychological factors of parents play a significant role in school travel mode choice behavior and the Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model has been used to test the effect of psychological constructs on mode choice behavior. However, little research has used a systematic framework of behavioral theory to organize these psychological factors and investigate their internal relationships. This paper proposes an extended theory of planned behavior (ETPB) to delve into the psychological factors caused by the effects of adults’ cognition and behavioral habits and explores the factors’ relationship paradigm. A theoretical framework of travel mode choice behavior for students in China is constructed. We established the MIMIC model that accommodates latent variables from ETPB. We found that not all the psychological latent variables have significant effects on school travel mode choice behavior, but habit can play an essential role. The results provide theoretical support for demand policies for school travel. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 119-137 Issue: 2 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1407508 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1407508 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:2:p:119-137 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Draženko Glavić Author-X-Name-First: Draženko Author-X-Name-Last: Glavić Author-Name: Marina Milenković Author-X-Name-First: Marina Author-X-Name-Last: Milenković Author-Name: Miloš Nikolić Author-X-Name-First: Miloš Author-X-Name-Last: Nikolić Author-Name: Miloš N. Mladenović Author-X-Name-First: Miloš N. Author-X-Name-Last: Mladenović Title: Determining the number and location of winter road maintenance depots – a case study of the district road network in Serbia Abstract: Determining the number and location of depots for winter road maintenance (WRM) represents one of the important strategic decisions while planning WRM activities. However, most organizations dealing with WRM make empirically based decisions. Optimizing the number and location of WRM depots has the potential to achieve considerable cost savings, improve mobility and efficiency, as well as reduce environmental impacts. This paper presents two optimization models. The first model determines the location of WRM depots by minimizing the total distance travelled by maintenance vehicles. The second model determines the optimum number and location of WRM depots by minimizing total transportation costs and capital expenditure and operational expenditure of the depots. The models are then applied to the district road network in Serbia. Results show that their application could lead to significant reductions in WRM costs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 138-153 Issue: 2 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1407512 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1407512 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:2:p:138-153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fanyu Meng Author-X-Name-First: Fanyu Author-X-Name-Last: Meng Author-Name: Yuchuan Du Author-X-Name-First: Yuchuan Author-X-Name-Last: Du Author-Name: Yuen Chong Li Author-X-Name-First: Yuen Author-X-Name-Last: Chong Li Author-Name: S. C. Wong Author-X-Name-First: S. C. Author-X-Name-Last: Wong Title: Modeling heterogeneous parking choice behavior on university campuses Abstract: Studies on campus parking indicate more severe problems and a wider range of characteristics than commercial parking because of limited parking places, special conditions, specific policies and enclosed space on university campuses. Heterogeneous characteristics are usually ignored in analyses of campus parking behavior. In this paper, a mixed logit model is applied to analyze parking choice behavior on a campus using data collected from a stated-preference survey of Tongji University, Shanghai, China. The heterogeneity of individuals with various sociodemographic characteristics is evaluated by interaction terms and random parameters. Comparison between the proposed approach and the conditional logit model shows that the results of the mixed logit model are more interpretable because they are not limited by the independence from irrelevant alternatives assumption. Key factors that have considerable effects on campus parking choices are identified and analyzed. Important regularities are also concluded from elasticity analyses. Finally, the campus is divided into two areas according to the walking distance to a new parking lot, and the modeling results show that area-specific policies should be established because the two areas have quite distinct parking choice features. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 154-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1407518 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1407518 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:2:p:154-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Subeh Chowdhury Author-X-Name-First: Subeh Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury Author-Name: Michael O’Sullivan Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: O’Sullivan Title: A fuzzy logic-genetic algorithm approach to modelling public transport users’ risk-taking behaviour Abstract: This paper seeks to determine the effects of uncertainty in out-of-vehicle times on route choice. Data were collected at two key interchanges in Auckland, New Zealand. Previous work modelled the data using a manual approach to fuzzy logic. This study extends that work by automating the process through defining a black-box function to match the survey data, then employing a genetic algorithm to fine-tune the fuzzy logic model. Results show that automation and the genetic algorithm improve the model’s capability to more accurately predict ridership. The tuning of the membership functions is conducted twice, first using initial fuzzy rules and again after the fuzzy rules have been adjusted to reduce disparity between the output and survey data. The calibrated membership functions provided for operational (transfer waiting and walking time and delay) and physical attributes (safety and seat availability) can be used by practitioners to determine an estimated ridership. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 170-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1407520 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1407520 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:2:p:170-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ching-chih Chou Author-X-Name-First: Ching-chih Author-X-Name-Last: Chou Author-Name: Chien-wen Shen Author-X-Name-First: Chien-wen Author-X-Name-Last: Shen Title: An exploration of the competitive relationship between intercity transport systems Abstract: A suitable model that enables the analysis of dynamic relationships between transport systems is important for managers to make real-time reaction strategies. This study proposes an autoregressive distributed lag modeling approach that can point a way to interpret the long- and short-term relationships between intercity transport systems. To test the applicability of the approach with regard to evaluating the dynamic competitive relationships between intercity transport systems, an empirical study sample is adopted in evaluating competition between high-speed rail (HSR) and intercity bus services. The results indicate that HSR has a long-run impact on intercity bus transport and the intercity bus transport market is positively affected by its previous operations and negatively influenced by the previous performance of HSR. However, in the short-run, the current period performance of HSR positively affects the intercity bus transport market. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 186-197 Issue: 2 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1407526 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1407526 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:2:p:186-197 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shumin Feng Author-X-Name-First: Shumin Author-X-Name-Last: Feng Author-Name: Xianghao Shen Author-X-Name-First: Xianghao Author-X-Name-Last: Shen Author-Name: Baoyu Hu Author-X-Name-First: Baoyu Author-X-Name-Last: Hu Title: Optimization of traffic demand management policy in China: towards a sustainable mode split Abstract: The rapid increase in private car use in large metropolitan areas has led to irrational travel mode splits and severe traffic problems. Traffic demand management (TDM) is an effective policy to achieve a more sustainable development of traffic systems. This study analyzes the relationships between TDM policy, mode split, and travel mode choice using Stackelberg game theory. Then, using 0–1 programming, it establishes a combination of TDM policy instruments that can achieve a more sustainable mode split in a city and provides a case study in China. The method presented in this research has strong theoretical implications for TDM policymakers. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 198-210 Issue: 2 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1407528 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1407528 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:2:p:198-210 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zhaoming Chu Author-X-Name-First: Zhaoming Author-X-Name-Last: Chu Author-Name: Hui Chen Author-X-Name-First: Hui Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Lin Cheng Author-X-Name-First: Lin Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng Author-Name: Senlai Zhu Author-X-Name-First: Senlai Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Author-Name: Chao Sun Author-X-Name-First: Chao Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Title: A Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy with multiclass network equilibria Abstract: This paper extends the work on Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy for general road networks by considering heterogeneous users with different values of time. Mathematical programming models are proposed to find a multiclass Pareto-improving pure road space rationing scheme (MPI-PR) and multiclass hybrid rationing and pricing schemes (MHPI and MHPI-S). A numerical example with a multimodal network is provided for comparing both the efficiency and equity of the three proposed policies. We discover that MHPI-S can achieve the largest reduction in total system delay, MHPI can induce the least spatial inequity and MHPI-S is a progressive policy which is appealing to policy makers. Furthermore, numerical results reveal that different classes of users react differently to the same hybrid policies and multiclass Pareto-improving hybrid schemes yield less delay reduction when compared to their single-class counterparts. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 211-228 Issue: 2 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1407530 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1407530 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:2:p:211-228 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juliet Jain Author-X-Name-First: Juliet Author-X-Name-Last: Jain Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Title: Universities’ Transport Study Group U.K. annual conference 2016 Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-3 Issue: 1 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1248155 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1248155 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:1:p:1-3 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Omar Alotaibi Author-X-Name-First: Omar Author-X-Name-Last: Alotaibi Author-Name: Dimitris Potoglou Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris Author-X-Name-Last: Potoglou Title: Perspectives of travel strategies in light of the new metro and bus networks in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia Abstract: In an effort to reduce traffic congestion and excess dependency on private vehicles in Riyadh City, authorities are considering introducing public transport infrastructure and enforcement policies. This study was conducted to evaluate whether the current Riyadh City transport policy measures are adequate to encourage public transport ridership and identify relevant transport policy measures to encourage a shift from use of private cars to public transport. A series of semi-structured interviews were conducted in Riyadh during June and July 2015. Seventeen study participants were selected to represent local stakeholders including transport experts and representatives of Riyadh City authorities. It was found that existing transport policy measures involve conventional approaches, for example, increasing road infrastructure to match growth in private vehicle ownership. There is, however, considerable support for reshaping the existing travel demand management policies and measures along with introducing a public transport system. Improving infrastructure to enhance accessibility to and from transit stations, selecting appropriate transit-oriented development sites, parking charges, separate carriages for families, and promoting the safety of public transport facilities are perceived as the most effective strategies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 4-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1238572 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1238572 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:1:p:4-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Camporeale Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Camporeale Author-Name: L. Caggiani Author-X-Name-First: L. Author-X-Name-Last: Caggiani Author-Name: A. Fonzone Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Fonzone Author-Name: M. Ottomanelli Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Ottomanelli Title: Quantifying the impacts of horizontal and vertical equity in transit route planning Abstract: Equity refers to a fair sharing of costs or resources. Horizontal equity concerns distribution among individuals or groups with the same necessities, whereas vertical equity should be considered in situations with different levels of needs. This paper deals with transit service, looking at how to make it equitable from a spatial and social point of view. Traditionally equity has been neglected in transit planning, being in the best cases an afterthought during service provision. Hence, we propose a methodology to plan and design public transport routes, which meets the needs of communities fostering equitable accessibility. In this paper we put forward a method to incorporate horizontal and vertical equity goals in a Transit Network Design Problem. We study how the costs of the system change with the attained level of equity and found that higher overall costs may be born if more equitable service provision has to be pursued. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 28-44 Issue: 1 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1238569 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1238569 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:1:p:28-44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matt Grote Author-X-Name-First: Matt Author-X-Name-Last: Grote Author-Name: Ian Williams Author-X-Name-First: Ian Author-X-Name-Last: Williams Author-Name: John Preston Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Preston Author-Name: Simon Kemp Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Kemp Title: Local government authority attitudes to road traffic CO emissions modelling: a British case study Abstract: Local government authorities (LGAs) play a key role in facilitating mitigation of road traffic CO2 emissions and must engage in emissions modelling to quantify the impact of transport interventions. Existing Emissions Model (EM) methodologies range from aggregate to disaggregate approaches, with more detail normally entailing more resources. However, it is not clear which approaches LGAs actually utilise. This article reports results of a survey designed to discover the level of detail considered practical by British LGAs (n = 34). Results show that resource scarcity is important, with particular importance attached to EM reusability and convenient input data sources. Most LGA EMs use traffic variable inputs (predominantly traffic flow and traffic average speed), with this approach being the best-fit for LGA resources. Link-by-link sources of data rated highly for convenience are Road Traffic Models and Urban traffic control systems. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 45-63 Issue: 1 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1238570 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1238570 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:1:p:45-63 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charles B. A. Musselwhite Author-X-Name-First: Charles B. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Musselwhite Title: Assessment of computer-based training packages to improve the safety of older people’s driver behaviour Abstract: Examination of police records in Wales (STATS19 database) suggests older drivers are over represented in collisions turning across traffic and those involving failure to look properly, failure to judge the other vehicle or person’s path and performing a poor manoeuvre. A convened expert group suggests this is due to changes in attention, cognitive overload, processing speed, perceptual speed, working memory, task switching and eyesight associated with ageing. Training using computer-based packages can improve these cognitive and physiological issues associated with age. Performance on Useful Field of View (UFoV), Delayed Recall, Maze test and Dual N task computer tasks have all been shown to be related to number of crashes older drivers have. Of these only UFOV and Dual N task training improvements have been demonstrated to translate into improved driver behaviour, but overall more research is needed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 64-79 Issue: 1 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1238571 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1238571 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:1:p:64-79 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dimitris Potoglou Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris Author-X-Name-Last: Potoglou Author-Name: Botakoz Arslangulova Author-X-Name-First: Botakoz Author-X-Name-Last: Arslangulova Title: Factors influencing active travel to primary and secondary schools in Wales Abstract: This paper examines the factors associated with active travel to school on an average (typical) school day in Wales and contrasts these findings between primary and secondary school children. The analysis was based on data for 4206 primary school children (4–12 years of age) and 3203 adolescents (12–19 years of age) collected as part of the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 waves of the National Survey for Wales. Logistic regression estimates showed that living within less than one mile from the school, parents’ frequency of walking and cycling and residing in an urban area were positively associated with active travel to both primary and secondary schools. Children’s age, mother’s unavailability and home ownership were negatively associated with active travel to primary school. Gender differences were only identified in the secondary school trips with female adolescents being less likely to walk to school than males. Findings point to the importance of ‘beyond-the-school’ active-travel campaigns and intervention programmes aimed at involving parents in encouraging walking and cycling to school. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 80-99 Issue: 1 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1238573 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1238573 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:1:p:80-99 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sebastian Seriani Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian Author-X-Name-Last: Seriani Author-Name: Taku Fujiyama Author-X-Name-First: Taku Author-X-Name-Last: Fujiyama Author-Name: Catherine Holloway Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Author-X-Name-Last: Holloway Title: Exploring the pedestrian level of interaction on platform conflict areas at metro stations by real-scale laboratory experiments Abstract: To reduce passenger interactions improvement on platform designs is needed. Present procedures use the level of service (LOS) based only on average values and therefore is not possible to identify which piece of space reached the highest interaction. This paper explores a new method to classify the interaction between passengers boarding and alighting through laboratory experiments under controlled conditions. The experiments were based on observation at two stations operated by London Underground Limited, which included platform edge doors and a semi-circular space defined as platform conflict area. Results were expressed according to the types of queues, formation of lanes, density by layer, and distance between passengers. The level of interaction was a more precise indicator compared to the LOS. The density by layer followed a logarithmic distribution, reaching almost four times the overall density. Further research needs to be conducted to measure the passenger space on the platform. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 100-118 Issue: 1 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1238574 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1238574 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:1:p:100-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuji Shi Author-X-Name-First: Yuji Author-X-Name-Last: Shi Author-Name: Simon Blainey Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Blainey Author-Name: Nick Hounsell Author-X-Name-First: Nick Author-X-Name-Last: Hounsell Title: Using GIS to assess the potential for centralised planning of bus networks Abstract: The current regulatory and planning environment means that road-based public transport in UK urban areas (with the exception of London) tends to be planned on a piecemeal basis, and there are often conflicts between the needs and priorities of operators, passengers and planners. In consequence, several local authorities are considering adopting an alternative regulatory environment using quality contracts, with a consequent shift towards centralised service planning. There are though no tools readily available to ensure this centralised service planning will lead to a situation, which provides a better balance between the interests of the different stakeholders. This paper describes the development of a methodology to fill this gap, using Southampton as a case study to explore the corresponding improvement methods, which could be applied based on the alternative regulatory environment. The improvement methods, including both bus route design and frequency setting, are considered in this paper, which demonstrates how this service improvement problem can be solved by making use of an optimisation technique, the tabu search algorithm, developed under the environment of ArcObjects for Java. While the methodology is developed in the UK context, the general principles used could be applied more widely to improve transit network planning. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 119-142 Issue: 1 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1238575 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1238575 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:1:p:119-142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mengqiu Cao Author-X-Name-First: Mengqiu Author-X-Name-Last: Cao Author-Name: Robin Hickman Author-X-Name-First: Robin Author-X-Name-Last: Hickman Title: Urban transport and social inequities in neighbourhoods near underground stations in Greater London Abstract: Social equity, and the contribution that transport planning can make to social equity, are increasingly attracting the attention of transport planners and researchers. This perhaps reflects the heightened levels of social inequity in cities and the concern over differential access to transport and participation in activities. This paper considers these issues by applying the Capabilities Approach to transport, in order to examine an individual’s opportunities to travel and engage in activities (capabilities) and their actual day to day travel and engagement in activities (functionings). London is selected as a case study using analysis from three Underground stations on the Jubilee Line Extension. The findings show that there are statistically significant differences in terms of capabilities and functionings across the socio-demographic characteristics of individuals, and also across different neighbourhoods in London. It is argued that unless local residents’ potential travel opportunities and actual activities, and the gaps between them, are better understood and responded to, the problem of transport-related social inequity is likely to persist in London. Therefore, we suggest that the findings from this research, including the multi-dimensional social indicators and understanding of the barriers to accessibility, could be used alongside existing approaches such as accessibility planning. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 419-441 Issue: 5 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1609215 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1609215 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:5:p:419-441 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiping Fang Author-X-Name-First: Jiping Author-X-Name-Last: Fang Author-Name: Taku Fujiyama Author-X-Name-First: Taku Author-X-Name-Last: Fujiyama Author-Name: Howard Wong Author-X-Name-First: Howard Author-X-Name-Last: Wong Title: Modelling passenger distribution on metro platforms based on passengers’ choices for boarding cars Abstract: Metro capacity should be further improved with growing demand for metros. For metro lines with high-frequency services, the train dwell time is a determinant of the number of trains per hour. Uneven passenger distribution on the platform may cause a longer dwell time, thereby reducing the capacity. This study analyses the mechanism of the passenger distribution on the platform with regard to which cars of a train passengers choose to board. A model has been developed, considering the origin-destination and waiting time of passengers and the platform layouts of the stations where passengers board and alight. The model was calibrated using loadweigh data, which provides the weight of passengers on each car of a train, on the Hammersmith & City line of the London Underground. The largest difference between the actual and modelled average number of boarders on a car is less than 2 passengers, which suggests the model performs well. The results show, at both stations studied, 44% of passengers in the morning peak chose boarding cars based on the layouts of the stations where they alighted. The results would be useful for metro operation planners and station staff to take measures to manage passenger distribution on the platform. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 442-458 Issue: 5 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1609218 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1609218 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:5:p:442-458 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rui Sha Author-X-Name-First: Rui Author-X-Name-Last: Sha Author-Name: Andy H. F. Chow Author-X-Name-First: Andy H. F. Author-X-Name-Last: Chow Title: A comparative study of centralised and decentralised architectures for network traffic control Abstract: This paper presents a comparative study of centralised and decentralised architectures for managing urban road network efficiency with consideration of users’ responses and uncertainties with respect to prevailing traffic conditions. The control systems are applied to different network topologies with different levels and spatial distributions of traffic demand. The study reveals that the computationally effective decentralised systems could perform almost as well as the conventional centralised one when users’ responses are taken into account with provision of real-time traffic information. This generates new insight on cooperative transport management with applications of information and communication technology. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 459-469 Issue: 5 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1609219 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1609219 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:5:p:459-469 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shuo Li Author-X-Name-First: Shuo Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Phil Blythe Author-X-Name-First: Phil Author-X-Name-Last: Blythe Author-Name: Weihong Guo Author-X-Name-First: Weihong Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Author-Name: Anil Namdeo Author-X-Name-First: Anil Author-X-Name-Last: Namdeo Title: Investigating the effects of age and disengagement in driving on driver’s takeover control performance in highly automated vehicles Abstract: Driving is closely linked to older people’s mobility and independence. However, age-related functional decline reduces their safe driving abilities and thereby their wellbeing may decline. The rapid development of vehicle automation has the potential to enhance the mobility of older drivers by enabling them to continue driving safer for longer. So far only limited work has been carried out to study older drivers’ interaction with highly automated vehicles (HAV). This study investigates the effect of age and level of driving disengagement on the takeover control performance in HAV. A driving simulation study with 76 drivers has been conducted. Results showed that 20 s was sufficient for drivers to take over control from HAV. Older drivers take longer to respond and make decisions than younger drivers. The age effect on some aspects of takeover quality, in terms of operating steering wheel and pedals, is still pronounced. In addition, complete disengagement in driving in HAV leads to a longer takeover time and worse takeover quality, and it affects older drivers more seriously than younger drivers. The results highlight that an age-friendly design of human-machine interaction is important for enhancing the safety and comfort of older drivers when interacting with HAVs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 470-497 Issue: 5 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1609221 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1609221 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:5:p:470-497 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rosalia Camporeale Author-X-Name-First: Rosalia Author-X-Name-Last: Camporeale Author-Name: Leonardo Caggiani Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo Author-X-Name-Last: Caggiani Author-Name: Achille Fonzone Author-X-Name-First: Achille Author-X-Name-Last: Fonzone Author-Name: Michele Ottomanelli Author-X-Name-First: Michele Author-X-Name-Last: Ottomanelli Title: Study of the accessibility inequalities of cordon-based pricing strategies using a multimodal Theil index Abstract: The implementation of an appropriate pricing policy in an urban area could alleviate both environmental and congestion problems by encouraging a shift towards more sustainable modes of transportation. However, any positive net social welfare balance delivered by the policy can hide unacceptable regressive effects. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate any change in relative levels of accessibility among different categories of transport network users.This study focuses on the application of a cordon-based congestion pricing scheme on a multimodal network, where private cars and public transportation coexist, and includes a sensitivity analysis by varying the size of the charging area and the amount of the toll, for a monocentric urban reality. Taking into account an elastic demand associated with each proposed charging scenario, the related distributional effects are explored using the Theil index, with a quantitative assessment of the inequalities in the accessibility variations across the users of the network. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 498-514 Issue: 5 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1609222 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1609222 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:5:p:498-514 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Dixon Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Dixon Author-Name: Daniel Johnson Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson Author-Name: Richard Batley Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Batley Title: A job accessibility index to evaluate employment impacts in isolated regions now restored to the rail network Abstract: Restoration of rail links to rural or isolated regions may generate wider economic impacts by improving employment accessibility. An applicable simplified index is developed based on potential job opportunities, measuring location advantage with respect to the job market. A gravity-based approach assesses the accessibility of the workforce in each location to opportunities in all other locations, where fewer or more distant opportunities provide diminishing influence. Specific issues are the practicability of commuting due to the infrequency of public transport to a limited range of destinations, and the types of job available at each location. Consequently, to reflect these effects in a more remote context, measures representing proximity and service frequency were incorporated into the index, with allowance for skills matching with a new approach in closer matching of occupations between different locations. Comparing the accessibility index by location over the intervention period highlighted those areas most impacted by infrastructure changes. Applying the rail intervention of the Stirling-Alloa line as a case study illustrated that not accounting for local job skills matching tends to overestimate the attraction factor of job opportunities, and the wider difference when the job index is based on generalised cost suggests that generalised cost of travel including the value of time is more of an impediment than actual travelling time. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 515-537 Issue: 5 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1609223 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1609223 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:5:p:515-537 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Author-Name: Helena Titheridge Author-X-Name-First: Helena Author-X-Name-Last: Titheridge Author-Name: Benjamin Heydecker Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin Author-X-Name-Last: Heydecker Title: Universities’ Transport Study Group UK Annual Conference 2018 Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 417-418 Issue: 5 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1615759 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1615759 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:5:p:417-418 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kollol Shams Author-X-Name-First: Kollol Author-X-Name-Last: Shams Author-Name: Hamidreza Asgari Author-X-Name-First: Hamidreza Author-X-Name-Last: Asgari Author-Name: Md Sakoat Hossan Author-X-Name-First: Md Sakoat Author-X-Name-Last: Hossan Author-Name: Xia Jin Author-X-Name-First: Xia Author-X-Name-Last: Jin Title: An investigation of tour generation models combining two waves of household travel surveys through pooled models Abstract: This paper presents a study that examines two waves of travel survey data through a pooled model structure. The pooled model structure provides a means to take advantage of multiple data sources which will lead to a better estimate and understanding of travel behavior. In particular, it accounts for the difference in data variance and therefore allows for the comparison of the true impacts of the model parameters on travelers’ tour-making behavior. Larger variance is found in the 1998 data than in the 2010 data. Comparison between model parameters reveals significant behavioral changes among several socio-economic and demographic groups. In terms of common variables, the magnitude of the coefficient values has generally decreased, which conforms to the overall decreasing trend in traveling. Overall, the model equality tests indicate that the models developed based on the two data sources do not have equal taste parameters, thus the transferability hypothesis is rejected. The results of this study are expected to have implications for the application of models based on cross-sectional data, especially over long time periods. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 229-243 Issue: 3 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1435415 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1435415 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:3:p:229-243 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Md. Saniul Alam Author-X-Name-First: Md. Saniul Author-X-Name-Last: Alam Author-Name: Aonghus McNabola Author-X-Name-First: Aonghus Author-X-Name-Last: McNabola Title: Network-wide traffic and environmental impacts of acceleration and deceleration among Eco-Driving Vehicles in different road configurations Abstract: Eco-Driving, a driver behaviour-based method, has featured in a number of national policy documents as part of CO2 emission reduction or climate change strategies. This investigation comprises a detailed assessment of acceleration and deceleration in Eco-Driving Vehicles at different penetration levels in the vehicle fleet, under varying traffic composition and volume. The impacts of Eco-Driving on network-wide traffic and environmental performance at a number of speed-restricted road networks (30 km/h) is quantified using microsimulation. The results show that increasing levels of Eco-Driving in certain road networks result in significant environmental and traffic congestion detriments at the road network level in the presence of heavy traffic. Increases in CO2 emissions of up to 18% were found. However, with the addition of vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure communication technology which facilitates dynamic driving control on speed and acceleration/deceleration in vehicles, improvements in CO2 emissions and traffic congestion are possible using Eco-Driving. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 244-264 Issue: 3 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1435436 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1435436 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:3:p:244-264 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hyunmyung Kim Author-X-Name-First: Hyunmyung Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Daisik Nam Author-X-Name-First: Daisik Author-X-Name-Last: Nam Author-Name: Wonho Suh Author-X-Name-First: Wonho Author-X-Name-Last: Suh Author-Name: Seung Hoon Cheon Author-X-Name-First: Seung Hoon Author-X-Name-Last: Cheon Title: Origin-destination trip table estimation based on subarea network OD flow and vehicle trajectory data Abstract: Identifying accurate origin-destination (O-D) travel demand is one of the most important and challenging tasks in the transportation planning field. Recently, a wide range of traffic data has been made available. This paper proposes an O-D estimation model using multiple field data. This study takes advantage of emerging technologies – car navigation systems, highway toll collecting systems and link traffic counts – to determine O-D demand. The proposed method is unique since these multiple data are combined to improve the accuracy of O-D estimation for an entire network. We tested our model on a sample network and found great potential for using multiple data as a means of O-D estimation. The errors of a single input data source do not critically affect the model’s overall accuracy, meaning that combining multiple data provides resilience to these errors. It is suggested that the model is a feasible means for more reliable O-D estimation. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 265-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1435437 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1435437 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:3:p:265-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martha A. Roper Author-X-Name-First: Martha A. Author-X-Name-Last: Roper Author-Name: Konstantinos Triantis Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos Author-X-Name-Last: Triantis Author-Name: G. Don Taylor Author-X-Name-First: G. Don Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Author-Name: Dusan Teodorović Author-X-Name-First: Dusan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorović Title: Revenue management in the parking industry: a multiple garage intelligent reservation model Abstract: This paper explores how advanced reservations, coupled with dynamic pricing (based on booking limits) can be used to maximize parking revenue. An integer programing formulation that maximizes parking revenue over a system of garages is presented. Furthermore, an intelligent parking reservation model is developed that uses an artificial neural network procedure for online reservation decision-making. Finally, the paper provides some strategic and managerial implications of multi-garage revenue management systems, and discusses techniques for identifying and implementing micro-market segmentation in the parking industry. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 286-300 Issue: 3 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1435449 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1435449 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:3:p:286-300 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nur Sabahiah Abdul Sukor Author-X-Name-First: Nur Sabahiah Author-X-Name-Last: Abdul Sukor Author-Name: Nur Khairiyah Basri Author-X-Name-First: Nur Author-X-Name-Last: Khairiyah Basri Author-Name: Ari K. M. Tarigan Author-X-Name-First: Ari K. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Tarigan Title: The role of incentives towards adolescents’ commitment to use public transport in Malaysia Abstract: This study examines the adoption of a travel behaviour modification programme to encourage sustainable mobility and public bus usage. Students from four schools in Penang Island were recruited and divided into two groups: Group 1 (without incentives) and Group 2 (with incentives). In the experiment, after having a motivation session about sustainable transport, the respondents were asked to design their travel patterns for seven days. The next session gathered data about their actual travel and asked for feedback regarding the programme. The results demonstrate that incentives encouraged respondents to follow their plans for travel behaviour and public bus usage. The results highlight that their commitment to follow their travel plans were influenced by ethnicity, distance from home to school, travel time, and household income. The study offers some discussion regarding the implications of the results for strengthening sustainable mobility and encouraging public bus use among adolescents. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 301-318 Issue: 3 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1435451 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1435451 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:3:p:301-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Weiwei Wu Author-X-Name-First: Weiwei Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: Enhanced delay propagation tree model with Bayesian Network for modelling flight delay propagation Abstract: An enhanced Delay Propagation Tree model with Bayesian Network (DPT-BN) is developed to model multi-flight delay propagation and delay interdependencies. Using a set of real airline data, results show that flights have non-homogeneous delay propagation effects. The DPT-BN model is used to infer posterior delay profiles with different delay and scheduling scenarios. The major contribution of the DPT-BN model is to demonstrate how the modelling of non-independent and identically distributed delay profiles is more realistic for the observed delay propagation mechanism, and how robust airline scheduling methodologies can benefit from this probability-based delay model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 319-335 Issue: 3 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1435453 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1435453 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:3:p:319-335 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rafael Milani Medeiros Author-X-Name-First: Rafael Milani Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros Author-Name: Fábio Duarte Author-X-Name-First: Fábio Author-X-Name-Last: Duarte Author-Name: Faris Achmad Author-X-Name-First: Faris Author-X-Name-Last: Achmad Author-Name: Arman Jalali Author-X-Name-First: Arman Author-X-Name-Last: Jalali Title: Merging ICT and informal transport in Jakarta's ojek system Abstract: This paper discusses how information and communication technologies (ICT) may influence travel behavior of an informal transport system, and whether and in which ways merging digital technologies represents disruption for a specific sociotechnical ensemble. For decades, ojek has been a form of informal passenger transport, based on motorcycles in Jakarta, and recently smartphone apps have become available in that sociotechnical arrangement. We randomly surveyed passengers and drivers in the central district, for both those who do and do not use these apps. Despite many similarities between both groups, the drivers who use smartphones for their trips reported higher daily incomes, longer average trip distances and a larger coverage area. Passengers using conventional ojek transport reported lower levels of both safety perception and satisfaction when compared to app-based ojek users. For both categories of user, ojek seems to compete with, complement, and be an alternative to bus rapid transit and the suburban rail system (KRL) in the area covered by our sample. The areas covered by regular buses and vans roughly match the origins and destinations of ojek trips. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 336-352 Issue: 3 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1435465 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1435465 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:3:p:336-352 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adam Millard-Ball Author-X-Name-First: Adam Author-X-Name-Last: Millard-Ball Author-Name: Robert C. Hampshire Author-X-Name-First: Robert C. Author-X-Name-Last: Hampshire Author-Name: Rachel R. Weinberger Author-X-Name-First: Rachel R. Author-X-Name-Last: Weinberger Title: Map-matching poor-quality GPS data in urban environments: the pgMapMatch package Abstract: Global Positioning System (GPS) data have become ubiquitous in many areas of transportation planning and research. The usefulness of GPS data often depends on the points being matched to the true sequence of edges on the underlying street network – a process known as ‘map matching.’ This paper presents a new map-matching algorithm that is designed for use with poor-quality GPS traces in urban environments, where drivers may circle for parking and GPS quality may be affected by underground parking and tall buildings. The paper is accompanied by open-source Python code that is designed to work with a PostGIS spatial database. In a test dataset that includes many poor-quality traces, our new algorithm accurately matches about one-third more traces than a widely available alternative. Our algorithm also provides a ‘match score’ that evaluates the likelihood that the match for an individual trace is correct, reducing the need for manual inspection. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 539-553 Issue: 6 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1622249 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1622249 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:6:p:539-553 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jonny Evans Author-X-Name-First: Jonny Author-X-Name-Last: Evans Author-Name: Ben Waterson Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Waterson Author-Name: Andrew Hamilton Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Hamilton Title: Forecasting road traffic conditions using a context-based random forest algorithm Abstract: With the ability to accurately forecast road traffic conditions several hours, days and even months ahead of time, both travellers and network managers can take pro-active measures to minimise congestion, saving time, money and emissions. This study evaluates a previously developed random forest algorithm, RoadCast, which was designed to achieve this task. RoadCast incorporates contexts using machine learning to forecast more accurately contexts such as public holidays, sporting events and school term dates. This paper evaluates the potential of RoadCast as a traffic forecasting algorithm for use in Intelligent Transport System applications. Tests are undertaken using a number of different forecast horizons and varying amounts of training data, and an implementation procedure is recommended. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 554-572 Issue: 6 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1622250 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1622250 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:6:p:554-572 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miloš Nikolić Author-X-Name-First: Miloš Author-X-Name-Last: Nikolić Author-Name: Dušan Teodorović Author-X-Name-First: Dušan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorović Title: Mitigation of disruptions in public transit by Bee Colony Optimization Abstract: Dispatchers in many public transit companies face the daily problem of assigning available buses to bus routes under conditions of bus shortages. In addition to this, weather conditions, crew absenteeism, traffic accidents, traffic congestion and other factors lead to disturbances of the planned schedule. We propose the Bee Colony Optimization (BCO) algorithm for mitigation of bus schedule disturbances. The developed model takes care of interests of the transit operator and passengers. The model reassigns available buses to bus routes and, if it is allowed, the model simultaneously changes the transportation network topology (it shortens some of the planned bus routes) and reassigns available buses to a new set of bus routes. The model is tested on the network of Rivera (Uruguay). Results obtained show that the proposed algorithm can significantly mitigate disruptions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 573-586 Issue: 6 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1622251 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1622251 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:6:p:573-586 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Moshiur Rahman Author-X-Name-First: Moshiur Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman Author-Name: Shamsunnahar Yasmin Author-X-Name-First: Shamsunnahar Author-X-Name-Last: Yasmin Author-Name: Naveen Eluru Author-X-Name-First: Naveen Author-X-Name-Last: Eluru Title: Examining determinants of rail ridership: a case study of the Orlando SunRail system Abstract: The current study contributes to the literature on transit ridership by considering daily boarding and alighting data from a recently launched commuter rail system in Orlando, Florida – SunRail. The analysis is conducted based on daily boarding and alighting data for 10 months for the year 2015. With the availability of repeated observations for every station, the potential impact of common unobserved factors affecting ridership variables are considered. The current study develops an estimation framework, for boarding and alighting separately, that accounts for these unobserved effects at multiple levels – station, station-week and station-day. In addition, the study examines the impact of various observed exogenous factors such as station level, transportation infrastructure, transit infrastructure, land use, built environment, sociodemographic and weather variables on ridership. The model system developed will allow us to predict ridership for existing stations in the future as well as potential ridership for future expansion sites. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 587-605 Issue: 6 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1622252 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1622252 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:6:p:587-605 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rodrigo Rezende Amaral Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo Rezende Author-X-Name-Last: Amaral Author-Name: Ivana Semanjski Author-X-Name-First: Ivana Author-X-Name-Last: Semanjski Author-Name: Sidharta Gautama Author-X-Name-First: Sidharta Author-X-Name-Last: Gautama Author-Name: El-Houssaine Aghezzaf Author-X-Name-First: El-Houssaine Author-X-Name-Last: Aghezzaf Title: Exploring the issue of integrating logistics and traffic control in urban areas Abstract: This paper proposes an optimization framework for urban transportation networks’ (re-)design which explicitly takes into account the specific decision-making processes of ordinary users and logistic operators. Ordinary users are typically commuters whose travels consist of well-defined pairs of origin and destination points, while logistic operators make deliveries at multiple locations. Obviously, these two user classes have different objectives and scopes of action. These differences are seldom considered in traffic research since most models aggregate the flow demand in OD matrices and use assignment models to predict the response of all users as if the dynamics of their optimization processes were of the same nature. This work demonstrates that better results can be achieved if the particular features of each user class are included in the models. It potentially improves the estimation of the responses and allows managers to shape their control measures to address specific user needs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 606-624 Issue: 6 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1622253 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1622253 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:6:p:606-624 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olivier Grunder Author-X-Name-First: Olivier Author-X-Name-Last: Grunder Author-Name: Zakaria Hammoudan Author-X-Name-First: Zakaria Author-X-Name-Last: Hammoudan Author-Name: Benoit Beroule Author-X-Name-First: Benoit Author-X-Name-Last: Beroule Author-Name: Oussama Barakat Author-X-Name-First: Oussama Author-X-Name-Last: Barakat Title: A hybrid Genetic Algorithm approach to minimize the total joint cost of a single-vendor multi-customer integrated scheduling problem Abstract: This paper addresses the scheduling of supply chains with interrelated factories consisting of a single vendor and multiple customers. In this research, one transporter is available to deliver jobs from vendor to customers, and the jobs can be processed by batch. The problem studied in this paper focuses on a real-case scheduling problem of a multi-location hospital supplied with a central pharmacy. The objective of this work is to minimize the total cost, while satisfying the customer’s due dates constraints. A mathematical formulation of the problem is given as a Mixed Integer Programming model. Then, a Branch-and-Bound algorithm is proposed as an exact method for solving this problem, a greedy local search is developed as a heuristic approach, and a hybrid Genetic Algorithm is presented as a meta-heuristic. Computation experiments are conducted to highlight the performance of the proposed methods. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 625-642 Issue: 6 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1622254 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1622254 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:6:p:625-642 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Correction Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 643-643 Issue: 6 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1631576 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1631576 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:6:p:643-643 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Md Hadiuzzman Author-X-Name-First: Md Author-X-Name-Last: Hadiuzzman Author-Name: Tanmay Das Author-X-Name-First: Tanmay Author-X-Name-Last: Das Author-Name: Md Mehedi Hasnat Author-X-Name-First: Md Mehedi Author-X-Name-Last: Hasnat Author-Name: Sanjana Hossain Author-X-Name-First: Sanjana Author-X-Name-Last: Hossain Author-Name: Sarder Rafee Musabbir Author-X-Name-First: Sarder Author-X-Name-Last: Rafee Musabbir Title: Structural equation modeling of user satisfaction of bus transit service quality based on stated preferences and latent variables Abstract: Few studies have been conducted on the service quality (SQ) of bus transit in developing countries. This paper presents a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach to identifying the relationships among major attributes that affect the SQ of bus transit in the city of Dhaka in Bangladesh. Specifically, 22 bus transit SQ attributes, drawn from 655 questionnaires, are used to develop different SEM models for the city. Along with stated preferences, the effect of three latent variables on SQ is analyzed. Among the developed models, the best model is selected by using different statistical approaches. With the best model, selected attributes are rated according to their relative importance on SQ. Acknowledging limited resources of a developing nation, this study gives a clear way ahead to planners, operating companies and transport managers to design appropriate transport policies which will ensure more effective services to current bus users as well as attracting new passengers. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 257-277 Issue: 3 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1283155 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1283155 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:3:p:257-277 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erfan Hassannayebi Author-X-Name-First: Erfan Author-X-Name-Last: Hassannayebi Author-Name: Seyed Hessameddin Zegordi Author-X-Name-First: Seyed Hessameddin Author-X-Name-Last: Zegordi Author-Name: Masoud Yaghini Author-X-Name-First: Masoud Author-X-Name-Last: Yaghini Author-Name: Mohammad Reza Amin-Naseri Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Reza Author-X-Name-Last: Amin-Naseri Title: Timetable optimization models and methods for minimizing passenger waiting time at public transit terminals Abstract: This paper focuses on developing mathematical optimization models for the train timetabling problem with respect to dynamic travel demand and capacity constraints. The train scheduling models presented in this paper aim to minimize passenger waiting times at public transit terminals. Linear and non-linear formulations of the problem are presented. The non-linear formulation is then improved through introducing service frequency variables. Heuristic rules are suggested and embedded in the improved non-linear formulation to reduce the computational time effort needed to find the upper bound. The effectiveness of the proposed train timetabling models is illustrated through the application to an underground urban rail line in the city of Tehran. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed demand-oriented train timetabling models, in terms of decreasing passenger waiting times. Compared to the baseline and regular timetables, total waiting time is reduced by 6.36% and 10.55% respectively, through the proposed mathematical optimization models. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 278-304 Issue: 3 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1283156 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1283156 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:3:p:278-304 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Spiros M. Karakostas Author-X-Name-First: Spiros M. Author-X-Name-Last: Karakostas Title: Bridging the gap between multi-objective optimization and spatial planning: a new post-processing methodology capturing the optimum allocation of land uses against established transportation infrastructure Abstract: The optimal allocation of multiple land uses constitutes a complex multi-objective optimization problem with unknown feasible objective space and optimal planning alternatives. Despite the effectiveness of evolutionary algorithms to capture the underlying Pareto set of optimum maps, land use planners are bound to pursue the best possible spatial allocation of each use within an enormous population of non-dominated solutions. This article presents a novel post-processing methodology enhancing the comparative evaluation of alternative planning approaches without making any assumptions about the (relative) importance of each objective function. The proposed consolidated post-processing module is applied in a land use planning paradigm, revealing: (a) the existence of substantial planning guidelines whose validity is not affected by the relative significance of each criterion and (b) the variable planning component emerging from the (varying) relative importance of objective functions. Such planning feedback could not be extracted by the exhaustive review of non-dominated maps. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 305-326 Issue: 3 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1283157 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1283157 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:3:p:305-326 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Diomo Motuba Author-X-Name-First: Diomo Author-X-Name-Last: Motuba Author-Name: Denver Tolliver Author-X-Name-First: Denver Author-X-Name-Last: Tolliver Title: Truck trip generation in small- and medium-sized urban areas Abstract: This paper describes procedures to develop truck trip generation (TTG) rates for small- and medium-sized urban areas and its implications. Ordinary least squares models are used to develop separate truck production and attraction equations with the number of employees as the independent variable for three industrial groups – retail, transportation and warehousing, and manufacturing. Results from this research indicate that number of employees is a statistically significant predictor, and has significant explanatory power in predicting the number of truck trips produced and attracted. The rates developed in this study are also found to be significantly different from rates developed in other studies with the implication that caution needs to be taken when transferring TTG rates. The rates are applied in a travel demand model as the initial step of incorporating truck traffic into the modeling process. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 327-339 Issue: 3 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1283158 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1283158 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:3:p:327-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicole Ronald Author-X-Name-First: Nicole Author-X-Name-Last: Ronald Author-Name: Russell Thompson Author-X-Name-First: Russell Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson Author-Name: Stephan Winter Author-X-Name-First: Stephan Author-X-Name-Last: Winter Title: Simulating ad-hoc demand-responsive transportation: a comparison of three approaches Abstract: Transport models are used to evaluate new infrastructure and public transport services, varied levels of demand, and new ideas for demand management. Exploring these proposals virtually is easier than implementation and testing in situ. However, existing models are based around traditional forms of transportation. As part of a feature analysis using a case study approach, three different simulation packages (a simple custom-developed package, traffic microsimulation, and agent-based simulation) are used to develop and demonstrate simulations of demand-responsive transportation (DRT) and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each simulation approach for evaluating DRT. While the simulations display some relational replication (meaning they produce similar relational patterns with respect to certain variables), they do not show distributional replication (that is, the value of the results is not statistically similar), meaning that under- or over-estimation of predicted travel could occur. Recommendations for the application of each modeling approach are made. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 340-358 Issue: 3 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1283159 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1283159 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:3:p:340-358 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ahmad Sugiana Author-X-Name-First: Ahmad Author-X-Name-Last: Sugiana Author-Name: Mulyo Sanyoto Author-X-Name-First: Mulyo Author-X-Name-Last: Sanyoto Author-Name: Parwito Author-X-Name-First: Author-X-Name-Last: Parwito Author-Name: M. Rachmat Gunawan Author-X-Name-First: M. Rachmat Author-X-Name-Last: Gunawan Author-Name: Key Seo Lee Author-X-Name-First: Key Author-X-Name-Last: Seo Lee Title: Intermittent automatic train protection using an infrared system Abstract: Automatic train protection (ATP) is a vital part of the signalling system that prevents collisions between trains, especially on densely trafficked lines. Conventionally, ATP uses a transponder to communicate between an onboard train device and a trackside device. In Indonesia, ATP is not yet implemented and all trains are currently operated by drivers. It has now become a necessity to install ATP in Indonesia in order to protect train operations. However, as in many tropical and developing countries there are some environmental problems, especially heavy rain, as well as the theft of trackside equipment that influences performance. Installed trackside devices must therefore meet certain criteria such as low-cost configuration, minimalized devices on the track, ease of maintenance, etc. To address the necessity of ATP and to meet these criteria for trackside devices, we develop ATP using an infrared system. This type of ATP – the intermittent ATP system – consists of onboard devices and infrared sensors as trackside equipment. This approach to ATP offers a cost-effective solution and ensures the safety of train movements. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 359-373 Issue: 3 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1283160 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1283160 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:3:p:359-373 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mihai Tivadar Author-X-Name-First: Mihai Author-X-Name-Last: Tivadar Author-Name: Odile Heddebaut Author-X-Name-First: Odile Author-X-Name-Last: Heddebaut Title: A commuting model for the analysis of the impacts of a tramway project: application to the Lens area Abstract: Road congestion is not only an issue for major European urban agglomerations, but also for smaller ones. It is also the case of the Lens urban area, where car use is much higher than the average for medium-sized urban agglomerations in France. Local authorities put forward tramway projects to deal with the strongly negative externalities of congestion: travel time losses and pollution. To analyse its medium-term impact, we have developed a commuting with congestion model, inspired by the four-step traditional model, but with data made available from an origin–destination matrix. The results are encouraging but insufficient, and it is necessary to adopt supplementary measures in order to retrieve and justify the sizeable investments needed. Some measures prove to be very efficient, such as parking fees and urban tolls. Other measures, such as the subsidization of public transport, are partially efficient since they have an impact mainly on intra-urban commutes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 374-392 Issue: 3 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1283161 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1283161 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:3:p:374-392 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ipek N. Sener Author-X-Name-First: Ipek N. Author-X-Name-Last: Sener Author-Name: Johanna Zmud Author-X-Name-First: Johanna Author-X-Name-Last: Zmud Title: Chipping away at uncertainty: intent to use self-driving vehicles and the role of ride-hailing Abstract: The advent of automated vehicles could be transformative to the existing transportation system; however, the ways in which changes could happen are uncertain. This research was aimed at contributing to the literature of acceptance of self-driving vehicles and the role of ride-hailing in this decision-making process. An online survey was implemented to collect information for two distinct segments of the population: ride-hailing users and non-ride-hailing users. The data were examined through bivariate descriptive analysis and multivariate models. The results provided several insights. The overall intent to use was found to be higher among users of ride-hailing services than among non-users of such services. The results highlighted significant association of several variables with intent to use, including demographics, residential characteristics, technology and shared mobility use factors, and attitudes and perceptions. The results of this research could inform several important policy issues at the intersection of emerging technology and mobility options. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 645-661 Issue: 7 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1650423 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1650423 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:7:p:645-661 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bai Zhu Author-X-Name-First: Bai Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Author-Name: Huang Mingxia Author-X-Name-First: Huang Author-X-Name-Last: Mingxia Author-Name: Wu Biao Author-X-Name-First: Wu Author-X-Name-Last: Biao Author-Name: Bian Shuai Author-X-Name-First: Bian Author-X-Name-Last: Shuai Title: A data envelopment analysis model for evaluating the performance of taxi operators: a case study in Harbin, China Abstract: This paper measures the performance of taxi operators using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the improvement of performance based on benchmarks. This includes basic DEA models and a cross efficiency model. In the present work, a sample set of 20 taxi operators are considered, and an evaluation indicator framework is constructed, which mainly involves the identification of decision-making units (DMUs) and the determination of input-output variables. The combined results of multiple DEA models are used to evaluate the performance of taxi operators in a case study of Harbin. The results highlight the significance of the combined application of multiple DEA models, especially a cross-efficiency model that can obtain more objective efficiency values. Finally, the benchmarking method is used to capture the achievements of best-performing operators and provide valuable improvement recommendations for inefficient operators. Conclusions provide a suitable basis for the operation and management of the taxi market. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 662-678 Issue: 7 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1650425 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1650425 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:7:p:662-678 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Timotheus Klein Author-X-Name-First: Timotheus Author-X-Name-Last: Klein Author-Name: Sonja Löwa Author-X-Name-First: Sonja Author-X-Name-Last: Löwa Title: Applying measures of modelling quality to a national time series: a benchmark for transport demand models Abstract: In current urban planning practice, macroscopic transport demand and assignment models are essential for the evaluation of mid- and long-term land use developments and infrastructure investments. The credibility of their projections strongly depends on their ability to reproduce present day traffic volumes. Obviously, a simplified model of reality will display some shortcomings, and the effect of these is asserted by quality measures that quantify the divergence from observed traffic volumes. There is, however, only rough guidance regarding acceptable ranges of these measures. Most of the literature on this subject approach these ranges from below, by discussing measures attained by operational models and using these as a benchmark, or by using the adverse effects of modelling errors to derive a minimum quality level. On the contrary, this study suggests upper limits for quality measures by analysing year-on-year variations in traffic volumes that result from changing land use and infrastructure. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 679-695 Issue: 7 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1650426 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1650426 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:7:p:679-695 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiuxia Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Xiuxia Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Qingnian Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Qingnian Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Tingting Sun Author-X-Name-First: Tingting Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Title: Performance evaluation and obstacle factors analysis of urban public transport priority Abstract: Through the comprehensive consideration of four subsystems – overall development level, infrastructure construction, public transportation service level and policy support – an index system of public transport priority performance evaluation is established. A performance evaluation of bus priority implementation in Wuhan City from 2007 to 2016 is carried out by applying the difference coefficient CRITIC-TOPSIS model. The obstacle factor model is also used to diagnose the factors affecting the priority performance of urban public transport. The research results show that, during this decade, the comprehensive performance of Wuhan City’s public transport priority developed from poor to medium, then to good and finally to excellent. The overall development level and infrastructure construction performance subsystems have the highest obstacle degree, followed by public transportation service levels and policy support performance subsystems. The research idea and method of this paper provide a realistic basis for promoting the priority performance of urban public transport. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 696-713 Issue: 7 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1650433 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1650433 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:7:p:696-713 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mojahid Saeed Osman Author-X-Name-First: Mojahid Author-X-Name-Last: Saeed Osman Title: Uncertainty modeling for bus selection and allocation in a private transportation system Abstract: This paper describes the development of a probabilistic formulation that provides global optimum selection and allocation of a fleet of buses in a private transportation system of an organization where a third party is hired to provide transportation for its employees and their dependents. In this private transportation system, a fleet of buses is to be selected and allocated to serve employees and their independents on different prescheduled trips along different routes from the organization’s headquarters and residential compound where round-trip times of scheduled trips are subject to uncertainty due to random delays. We propose a probabilistic approach based on 0-1 integer programming for the selection and allocation to determine the optimal number and size of buses assigned to a set of prescheduled trips in a particular time interval. Examples and a case study are presented to illustrate the applicability and suitability of the proposed approach. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 714-728 Issue: 7 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1650435 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1650435 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:7:p:714-728 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Athina Tsirimpa Author-X-Name-First: Athina Author-X-Name-Last: Tsirimpa Author-Name: Amalia Polydoropoulou Author-X-Name-First: Amalia Author-X-Name-Last: Polydoropoulou Author-Name: Ioannis Tsouros Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis Author-X-Name-Last: Tsouros Title: Route choice preferences: insights from Portuguese freight forwarders and truck drivers Abstract: Exploring route choice in the context of tolled alternatives can support road operators to achieve better utilization of the infrastructure, as well as maximizing revenue collection. The research presented in this paper is conducted in the context of OPTIMUM, a European Union-funded project. The research objectives include a two-component system of models that proactively calculates commercial vehicles’ toll prices. The component presented in this paper rests on the development of a route choice model that estimates the probabilities of using two alternative routes (toll road vs. national road), based on route attributes and user characteristics. To explore the usefulness of the proposed methodology a case study involving 50 truck drivers and 25 freight operators was conducted in Portugal between January 2016 and November 2017. Results from the route choice model reveal interesting insights about the role of incentives in the choice of toll roads, the perspectives of the different decision-makers and produce Values of Time for the study area. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 729-738 Issue: 7 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1650438 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1650438 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:7:p:729-738 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Saeed Asadi Bagloee Author-X-Name-First: Saeed Author-X-Name-Last: Asadi Bagloee Author-Name: Mitra Heshmati Author-X-Name-First: Mitra Author-X-Name-Last: Heshmati Author-Name: Madjid Tavana Author-X-Name-First: Madjid Author-X-Name-Last: Tavana Author-Name: Debora Di Caprio Author-X-Name-First: Debora Author-X-Name-Last: Di Caprio Title: A logit-based model for measuring the effects of transportation infrastructure on land value Abstract: Mutual interactions between transportation and land use have long been debated. Despite progress made in computational technology, the study of these interactions is not adequately developed. The most important aspect of such interactions is given by the changes in land values due to changes in transportation infrastructures. We consider the behavioural features of these interactions along with the constraints on the land and/or zoning restrictions and propose a reliable model for the first time to predict land value changes with respect to changes in transportation facilities and accessibility. The proposed model is a logit-based mathematical programming methodology where the relative price of land is predicted with respect to transportation accessibility, neighbourhood amenities, location premium, availability of land, and zoning regulations. A real-world case study is used to exhibit the applicability of the proposed methodology and demonstrate the efficacy of the algorithms and procedures. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 143-166 Issue: 2 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1266164 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1266164 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:2:p:143-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Celine Grange-Faivre Author-X-Name-First: Celine Author-X-Name-Last: Grange-Faivre Author-Name: Claude Marin-Lamellet Author-X-Name-First: Claude Author-X-Name-Last: Marin-Lamellet Author-Name: Aline Alauzet Author-X-Name-First: Aline Author-X-Name-Last: Alauzet Title: Maximum acceptable gap between urban-guided transport vehicles and platforms for persons with disabilities: the findings of an experimental study conducted to inform policy decisions Abstract: The French ministry responsible for transport has commissioned a study aimed at providing data to determine the maximum gap size between vehicle and platform for guided transport vehicles, which would become a legal requirement. Specific experimental conditions were created, with a physical mock-up simulating a tramway and a platform and providing several gap configurations (between 20 and 50 mm for the horizontal gap and between 20 and 75 mm for the vertical step), and an experimental design based on the negotiation of gaps by wheelchairs users (mainly manual or electric powered). The experiment was conducted with 46 participants with different functional abilities. Data were collected on performance and gap negotiation time. The results of this study indicate that despite the failures observed for the 50 × 50 mm gap size during the experiment, most wheelchair users who took part in the test have successfully negotiated this gap. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 167-181 Issue: 2 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1266165 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1266165 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:2:p:167-181 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chao Lu Author-X-Name-First: Chao Author-X-Name-Last: Lu Author-Name: Jie Huang Author-X-Name-First: Jie Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Title: A self-learning system for local ramp metering with queue management Abstract: This paper presents the design and evaluation process of a self-learning system for local ramp metering control. This system is developed on the basis of reinforcement learning (RL) and can deal with the problem of on-ramp queue management through a continuous learning process. A general framework of the system design including the definition of RL elements and an algorithm that can accomplish the learning process is proposed. Simulation tests are carried out to evaluate the performance of the new system. In terms of the total time spent by road users, the new system can achieve a 30% reduction from the situation of no control, a result which is competitive with the widely accepted algorithm ALINEA. Meanwhile, simulation results show that the new system can keep on-ramp queues strictly under a series of pre-specified constraints, which proves its capability of managing on-ramp queues. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 182-198 Issue: 2 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1266166 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1266166 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:2:p:182-198 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hailiang Xiao Author-X-Name-First: Hailiang Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao Author-Name: Jianzhi Gao Author-X-Name-First: Jianzhi Author-X-Name-Last: Gao Author-Name: Zhiyun Zou Author-X-Name-First: Zhiyun Author-X-Name-Last: Zou Title: Reserve capacity model based on variable demand for land-use development control Abstract: In this paper, the concept of reserve capacity has been extended to zone level to measure the land-use development potentiality of each trip generation zone. Bi-level programing models are proposed to determine the signal setting of individual intersections for maximizing possible increase in total travel demand and the corresponding reserve capacity for each zone. The change of the origin–destination pattern with the variation of upper level decision variables is presented through the combined distribution/assignment model under user equilibrium conditions. Both singly constrained and doubly constrained combined models are considered for different trip purposes and data information. Furthermore, we have introduced the continuous network design problem by increasing road capacity and examined its effect on the land-use development potentiality of trip generation zone. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the application of the models and how a genetic algorithm is applied to solve the problem. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 199-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1266167 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1266167 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:2:p:199-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hongtai Yang Author-X-Name-First: Hongtai Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Christopher R. Cherry Author-X-Name-First: Christopher R. Author-X-Name-Last: Cherry Title: Use characteristics and demographics of rural transit riders: a case study in Tennessee Abstract: Intercity bus (ICB), deviated fixed route transit (DFRT) and demand responsive transit (DRT) are three major modes of rural public transportation. This paper focuses on the characteristics and motivations of DFRT and DRT riders, compared to non-riders, in Tennessee. A rural DFRT rider survey, a rural DRT rider survey and a rural (non-rider) resident survey were performed. It is found that DFRT and DRT riders have similar demographics to ICB riders. The most common trip purpose for DFRT and DRT passengers is medical care, which is different from ICB trips. Ninety percent of the riders have difficulty finding alternative transportation modes, suggesting they are captive riders, not choice riders. Regression results indicate that people choosing transit modes tend to have lower personal and household income, own fewer cars, to not be homeowners, and be of non-white race. Rural residents who receive more education are more likely to be open-minded to use rural transit. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 213-227 Issue: 2 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1266168 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1266168 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:2:p:213-227 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dejan Zlatkovic Author-X-Name-First: Dejan Author-X-Name-Last: Zlatkovic Author-Name: Nevena Vajdic Author-X-Name-First: Nevena Author-X-Name-Last: Vajdic Author-Name: Slaven Tica Author-X-Name-First: Slaven Author-X-Name-Last: Tica Author-Name: Goran Mladenovic Author-X-Name-First: Goran Author-X-Name-Last: Mladenovic Author-Name: Cesar Queiroz Author-X-Name-First: Cesar Author-X-Name-Last: Queiroz Title: Remuneration models and revenue risk mitigation in road public–private partnership projects – a case study from Serbia Abstract: As a consequence of renewed interest in attracting private financing for infrastructure investments, public–private partnership (PPP) arrangements are mostly seen as a suitable mechanism for ensuring sound and quicker delivery of transport infrastructure projects. However, a general concern is that expectations of mobilizing private-sector funds have been overestimated in a number of cases. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the risk analysis of transport PPP projects with substantial exogenous demand risk which could serve as a rationale for choosing the appropriate PPP model. The objective of this paper is to construct an analytical cash flow-based project model to facilitate the choice of the remuneration mechanism suitable for both private investors and public sector. The model provides an indication whether the project should be implemented as a ‘users pay’, a hybrid or an ‘annuity’ PPP model. The proposed methodology is illustrated using a case study from Serbia. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 228-241 Issue: 2 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1266169 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1266169 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:2:p:228-241 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fang Zong Author-X-Name-First: Fang Author-X-Name-Last: Zong Author-Name: Yixin Yuan Author-X-Name-First: Yixin Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan Author-Name: Jianfeng Liu Author-X-Name-First: Jianfeng Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Yu Bai Author-X-Name-First: Yu Author-X-Name-Last: Bai Author-Name: Yanan He Author-X-Name-First: Yanan Author-X-Name-Last: He Title: Identifying travel mode with GPS data Abstract: Travel mode identification is an essential step in travel information detection with global positioning system (GPS) survey data. This paper presents a hybrid procedure for mode identification using large-scale GPS survey data collected in Beijing in 2010. In a first step, subway trips were detected by applying a GPS/geographic information system (GIS) algorithm and a multinomial logit model. A comparison of the identification results reveals that the GPS/GIS method provides higher accuracy. Then, the modes of walking, bicycle, car and bus were determined using a nested logit model. The combined success rate of the hybrid procedure was 86%. These findings can be used to identify travel modes based on GPS survey data, which will significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of travel surveys and data analysis. By providing crucial travel information, the results also contribute to modeling and analyzing travel behaviors and are readily applicable to a wide range of transportation practices. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 242-255 Issue: 2 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1266170 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1266170 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:2:p:242-255 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brian Caulfield Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Caulfield Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Title: Universities’ Transport Study Group Annual Conference 2017 Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-2 Issue: 1 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1402741 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1402741 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:1:p:1-2 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Judit Guimera Busquets Author-X-Name-First: Judit Guimera Author-X-Name-Last: Busquets Author-Name: Eduardo Alonso Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo Author-X-Name-Last: Alonso Author-Name: Antony D. Evans Author-X-Name-First: Antony D. Author-X-Name-Last: Evans Title: Air itinerary shares estimation using multinomial logit models Abstract: The main goal of this study is the development of an aggregate air itinerary market share model. In order to achieve this, multinomial logit models are applied to distribute the city-pair passenger demand across the available itineraries. The models are developed at an aggregate level using open-source booking data for a large group of city-pairs within the US air transport system. Although there is a growing trend in the use of discrete choice models in the aviation industry, existing air itinerary share models are mostly focused on supporting carrier decision-making. Consequently, those studies define itineraries at a more disaggregate level using variables describing airlines and time preferences. In this study, we define itineraries at a more aggregate level, i.e. as a combination of flight segments between an origin and destination, without further insight into service preferences. Although results show some potential for this approach, there are challenges associated with prediction performance and computational intensity. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 3-16 Issue: 1 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1402742 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1402742 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:1:p:3-16 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shreya Dey Author-X-Name-First: Shreya Author-X-Name-Last: Dey Author-Name: Brian Caulfield Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: Caulfield Author-Name: Bidisha Ghosh Author-X-Name-First: Bidisha Author-X-Name-Last: Ghosh Title: The potential health, financial and environmental impacts of in Ireland Abstract: The transportation sector is the greatest contributor to air pollution. With the booming demand for transportation, reducing the pollution has become one of the main concerns of researchers. EPA emission standards are designed to protect air quality and human health. Diesel Euro 5 NOx has become a matter of disquiet since it has been found that NOx emissions are significantly exceeding the standard limit. This paper presents a study to estimate the disparity in real-world NOx emission levels resulted from all diesel Euro 5 passenger cars (PC) and light commercial vehicles (LCV) that are present in Ireland. NOx emission levels calculated based on laboratory test results, on-road measurements and the COPERT 4 model were compared. Additionally, NOx emission levels from the defective Volkswagen models have been calculated to quantify the effect of the Volkswagen scandal on Ireland. Impacts of excess NOx emissions on health and cost have also been presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 17-36 Issue: 1 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1402743 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1402743 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:1:p:17-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicholas B. Taylor Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas B. Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Title: Predicting queue variability to enable analysis of overload risk Abstract: Predicting the risk of traffic demands and delays exceeding critical limits at road junctions, airports, hospitals, etc., requires knowing how both mean and variance of queue size vary over time. Microscopic simulation can explore variability but is computationally demanding and gives only sample results. A computationally efficient approximation to the mean is used in many modelling tools, but only empirical extensions for variance in particular situations have been available. The paper derives theoretical formulae for time-dependent and equilibrium variance, believed to be novel and to apply generally to queues covered by the Pollaczek–Khinchin mean formula, and offering possible structural insights. These are applied in an extended approximation giving mutually consistent mean and variance estimates with improved accuracy. Tests on oversaturated peak demand cases are compared with Markov probabilistic simulation, demonstrating accuracy (R2 > 0.99) for typical random, priority-like (M/M/1) and traffic-signal-like (M/D/1) queues. Implications for risk analysis, planning and policy are considered. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 37-57 Issue: 1 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1402744 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1402744 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:1:p:37-57 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuanying Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Yuanying Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Jacek Pawlak Author-X-Name-First: Jacek Author-X-Name-Last: Pawlak Author-Name: John W. Polak Author-X-Name-First: John W. Author-X-Name-Last: Polak Title: Inverse discrete choice modelling: theoretical and practical considerations for imputing respondent attributes from the patterns of observed choices Abstract: The growing availability of geotagged big data has stimulated substantial discussion regarding their usability in detailed travel behaviour analysis. Whilst providing a large amount of spatio-temporal information about travel behaviour, these data typically lack semantic content characterising travellers and choice alternatives. The inverse discrete choice modelling (IDCM) approach presented in this paper proposes that discrete choice models (DCMs) can be statistically inverted and used to attach additional variables from observations of travel choices. Suitability of the approach for inferring socioeconomic attributes of travellers is explored using mode choice decisions observed in London Travel Demand Survey. Performance of the IDCM is investigated with respect to the type of variable, the explanatory power of the imputed variable, and the type of estimator used. This method is a significant contribution towards establishing the extent to which DCMs can be credibly applied for semantic enrichment of passively collected big data sets while preserving privacy. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 58-79 Issue: 1 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1402745 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1402745 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:1:p:58-79 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marcus A. Young Author-X-Name-First: Marcus A. Author-X-Name-Last: Young Author-Name: Simon P. Blainey Author-X-Name-First: Simon P. Author-X-Name-Last: Blainey Title: Development of railway station choice models to improve the representation of station catchments in rail demand models Abstract: This paper describes the development of railway station choice models suitable for defining probabilistic station catchments. These catchments can then be incorporated into the aggregate demand models typically used to forecast demand for new rail stations. Revealed preference passenger survey data obtained from the Welsh and Scottish Governments was used for model calibration. Techniques were developed to identify trip origins and destinations from incomplete address information and to automatically validate reported trips. A bespoke trip planner was used to derive mode-specific station access variables and train leg measures. The results from a number of multinomial logit and random parameter (mixed) logit models are presented and their predictive performance assessed. The models were found to have substantially superior predictive accuracy compared to the base model (which assumes the nearest station has a probability of one), indicating that their incorporation into passenger demand forecasting methods has the potential to significantly improve model predictive performance. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 80-103 Issue: 1 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1403745 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1403745 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:1:p:80-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiaolin Meng Author-X-Name-First: Xiaolin Author-X-Name-Last: Meng Author-Name: Simon Roberts Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts Author-Name: Yijian Cui Author-X-Name-First: Yijian Author-X-Name-Last: Cui Author-Name: Yang Gao Author-X-Name-First: Yang Author-X-Name-Last: Gao Author-Name: Qusen Chen Author-X-Name-First: Qusen Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Chang Xu Author-X-Name-First: Chang Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Author-Name: Qiyi He Author-X-Name-First: Qiyi Author-X-Name-Last: He Author-Name: Sarah Sharples Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Sharples Author-Name: Paul Bhatia Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Bhatia Title: Required navigation performance for connected and autonomous vehicles: where are we now and where are we going? Abstract: While automotive original equipment manufacturers and IT companies are developing and demonstrating self-driving cars, true autonomy will not be realised in the near future due in part to the technology readiness level of the existing systems as well as issues of ethics, security, governance and standards surrounding the implementation of autonomy for road transport. However, advances in cellular phones and networks, satellite-based positioning and communications, cloud computing, combined with a rise in the volumes of available data, allied with a reduction in their costs, offer the very real possibility of connecting vehicles, one to another and to smart city infrastructure as part of the Internet of Things (IoT). Data from connected vehicles, when combined with other information, may provide valuable intelligence to traffic managers and other stakeholders via cooperative intelligent transport system (C-ITS) platforms. Nevertheless, many issues face the implementation of a truly connected IoT in general and C-ITS in particular. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 104-118 Issue: 1 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1402747 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1402747 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:1:p:104-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Dalumpines Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Dalumpines Author-Name: Darren M. Scott Author-X-Name-First: Darren M. Author-X-Name-Last: Scott Title: Making mode detection transferable: extracting activity and travel episodes from GPS data using the multinomial logit model and Python Abstract: The increasing popularity of global positioning systems (GPSs) has prompted transportation researchers to develop methods that can automatically extract and classify episodes from GPS data. This paper presents a transferable and efficient method of extracting and classifying activity episodes from GPS data, without additional information. The proposed method, developed using Python®, introduces the use of the multinomial logit (MNL) model in classifying extracted episodes into different types: stop, car, walk, bus, and other (travel) episodes. The proposed method is demonstrated using a GPS dataset from the Space-Time Activity Research project in Halifax, Canada. The GPS data consisted of 5127 person-days (about 47 million points). With input requirements directly derived from GPS data and the efficiency provided by the MNL model, the proposed method looks promising as a transferable and efficient method of extracting activity and travel episodes from GPS data. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 523-539 Issue: 5 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1314502 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1314502 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:5:p:523-539 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad M. Molla Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad M. Author-X-Name-Last: Molla Author-Name: Matthew L. Stone Author-X-Name-First: Matthew L. Author-X-Name-Last: Stone Author-Name: Diomo Motuba Author-X-Name-First: Diomo Author-X-Name-Last: Motuba Title: Developing an activity-based trip generation model for small/medium size planning agencies Abstract: The primary shortcoming of traditional four-step models is that they cannot capture derived travel demand behaviors. However, travel demand modeling (TDM) is an essential input for urban transportation planning. TDM needs to be highly precise and accurate by integrating the accurate base year estimation along with suitable alternatives. Currently, activity-based models (ABMs) have been developed mostly for large metropolitan planning organizations (MPO), whereas smaller/medium-sized MPOs typically lack these models. The main reason for this disparity in ABM development is the complexity of the models and the cost and data requirements needed. We posit however that smaller MPOs could develop ABMs from traditional travel surveys. Therefore, the specific aim of this paper is to develop a probabilistic home-based destination activity trip generation model considering travel time behavior. Results show that the developed model can significantly capture the actual number of trip generations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 540-555 Issue: 5 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1314505 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1314505 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:5:p:540-555 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aleksandar Jovanović Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandar Author-X-Name-Last: Jovanović Author-Name: Dušan Teodorović Author-X-Name-First: Dušan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorović Title: Pre-timed control for an under-saturated and over-saturated isolated intersection: a Bee Colony Optimization approach Abstract: In this paper we study the problem of determining the optimum cycle and phase lengths for isolated signalized intersections. Calculation of the optimal cycle and green phase lengths is based on the minimization of the average control delay experienced by all vehicles that arrive at the intersection within a given time period. We consider under-saturated as well as over-saturated conditions at isolated intersections. The defined traffic signal timing problem, that belongs to the class of combinatorial optimization problems, is solved using the Bee Colony Optimization (BCO) metaheuristic approach. The BCO is a biologically inspired method that explores collective intelligence applied by honey bees during the nectar collecting process. The numerical experiments performed on some examples show that the proposed approach is competitive with other methods. The obtained results show that the proposed approach is capable of generating high-quality solutions within negligible processing times. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 556-576 Issue: 5 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1314498 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1314498 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:5:p:556-576 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yi Qi Author-X-Name-First: Yi Author-X-Name-Last: Qi Author-Name: Qun Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Qun Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Title: Safety impacts of signalized lane merge control at highway work zones Abstract: Lane closures due to highway work zones present many challenges to the goal of ensuring smooth traffic operations and a safe environment for both drivers and workers. Late merge behavior at a work zone closure is a dangerous behavior that impacts the traffic conflicts upstream of work zone closures. This paper analyzes the safety impacts of using a signalized lane control strategy at the work zone merge points. To achieve the objective of this research, a field study has been conducted at a highway work zone to collect traffic and driver behavior data, and a two-stage, simulation-based approach is used to analyze the safety impacts of implementing a signalized lane merge control strategy at the studied work zone. In the first stage, micro-simulation models are developed and calibrated based on field data to generate vehicle trajectories. In the second stage, the U.S. Federal Highway Administration’s Surrogate Safety Assessment Model is employed to identify potential conflicts under different traffic conditions. The paper concludes that a proposed signal control device could significantly reduce lane-change conflicts at work zone merge points. In addition, recommendations on the signal cycle length and timing splits are provided. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 577-591 Issue: 5 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1314499 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1314499 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:5:p:577-591 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stavri Dimitrov Author-X-Name-First: Stavri Author-X-Name-Last: Dimitrov Author-Name: Avishai (Avi) Ceder Author-X-Name-First: Avishai (Avi) Author-X-Name-Last: Ceder Author-Name: Subeh Chowdhury Author-X-Name-First: Subeh Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury Author-Name: Mikaël Monot Author-X-Name-First: Mikaël Author-X-Name-Last: Monot Title: Modeling the interaction between buses, passengers and cars on a bus route using a multi-agent system Abstract: This paper models part of a public transport network (PTN), specifically, a bus route, as a small-size multi-agent system (MAS). The proposed approach is applied to a case study considering a ‘real world’ bus line within the PTN in Auckland, New Zealand. The MAS-based analysis uses modeling and simulation to examine the characteristics of the observed system – autonomous agents interacting with one another – under different scenarios, considering bus capacity and frequency of service for existing and projected public transport (PT) demand. A simulation model of a bus route is developed, calibrated and validated. Several results are attained, such as when the PT passenger load is not close to bus capacity, this load has no effect on average passenger waiting time at bus stops. The model proposed can be useful to practitioners as a tool to model the interaction between buses and other agents. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 592-610 Issue: 5 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1314504 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1314504 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:5:p:592-610 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xuemei Fu Author-X-Name-First: Xuemei Author-X-Name-Last: Fu Author-Name: Zhicai Juan Author-X-Name-First: Zhicai Author-X-Name-Last: Juan Title: Drivers of transit service loyalty considering heterogeneity between user segments Abstract: Users’ loyalty to public transit service is fundamental to promote its popularity in the transportation market. A four-step analytical framework is advanced to investigate the importance of service attributes that heterogeneous transit user segments place on their public transit service loyalty, measured in terms of overall satisfaction and re-use intention. Critical service attributes perceived by transit users that are relevant for loyalty enhancement are explicitly determined, which vary between user segments. It is suggested that the design of strategies aimed to promote the use of public transit by increasing user loyalty towards transit service be targeted at specific attributes that contribute most to loyalty and specific user segments whose original loyalty level is significantly different to others. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 611-623 Issue: 5 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1314495 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1314495 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:5:p:611-623 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zhengdong Huang Author-X-Name-First: Zhengdong Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Author-Name: Ming Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Xuejun Liu Author-X-Name-First: Xuejun Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Estimating light-rail transit peak-hour boarding based on accessibility at station and route levels in Wuhan, China Abstract: Promoting public transit is a well-recognized policy for sustainable urban transport development. Transit demand analysis proves to be a challenging task in fast growing cities, partially due to the lack of reliable data and applicable techniques for rapidly changing urban contexts. This paper presents an effort to meet the challenge by developing a framework to estimate peak-hour boarding at light-rail transit (LRT) stations. The core part of the framework is an accessibility-weighted ridership model that multiplies potential demand by integral LRT accessibility. Potential demand around LRT stations is generated by using a distance-decay function. The integral LRT accessibility is a route-level factor that indicates the degree of attractiveness to LRT travel for stations in an LRT corridor. A case study in Wuhan, China, shows that the proposed method produces results useful for improving transit demand analysis. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 624-639 Issue: 5 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1314497 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1314497 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:5:p:624-639 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Wanke Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Wanke Author-Name: Md. Abul Kalam Azad Author-X-Name-First: Md. Abul Author-X-Name-Last: Kalam Azad Title: Efficiency in Asian railways: a comparison between data envelopment analysis approaches Abstract: Performance analysis has become a vital part of the management practices in the logistics infrastructure. Although there are numerous applications using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models to estimate efficiency in ports and airports, research on railway efficiency remains scarce. Most of the efficiency studies of railways assume that inputs and outputs are known with absolute precision. Here, we compare Stochastic-DEA and Fuzzy-DEA models to assess, respectively, how the underlying randomness and fuzziness impact efficiency levels in railway operations in six different Asian countries: Japan, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Findings reveal that conclusions with respect to the ranking of these railways may vary substantially depending upon the type of model chosen, although efficiency scores are similar to some extent when compared within the ambits of Stochastic-DEA and Fuzzy-DEA models. Additionally, modeling choices on fuzziness, rather than randomness, appear to be the most critical source for variations in efficiency rankings. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 573-599 Issue: 6 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1488928 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1488928 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:6:p:573-599 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brittany S. Wood Author-X-Name-First: Brittany S. Author-X-Name-Last: Wood Author-Name: Mark W. Horner Author-X-Name-First: Mark W. Author-X-Name-Last: Horner Title: Aggregating mobile object trajectories: cumulative time geographic density estimation for GPS data Abstract: We present new approaches that expand upon the time geographic density estimation (TGDE) framework previously employed to estimate potential path trees. In the past, TGDE metrics have identified possible locations an individual moving object may have passed between, given known origin and destination points. This paper utilizes a new form of TGDE to investigate taxicab GPS traces over a specified time horizon with position ‘gaps’. To this end, we propose a new extension to the TGDE framework, TGDE-C, which is used to determine the cumulative TGDE values for a group of GPS traces, at a given location. These metrics are applied to multiple taxis and allow for time of day analysis. Additionally, we combine these new extensions with existing TGDE metrics that allow us to determine how accessible individual or groups of vehicles are to urban opportunities. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 600-616 Issue: 6 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1488929 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1488929 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:6:p:600-616 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Myungseob (Edward) Kim Author-X-Name-First: Myungseob (Edward) Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Paul Schonfeld Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Schonfeld Author-Name: Eungcheol Kim Author-X-Name-First: Eungcheol Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Switching service types for multi-region bus systems Abstract: Conventional fixed-route bus services are generally preferred to flexible-route services at high demand densities, and vice versa. This paper formulates the problem of integrating conventional and flexible services that connect a main terminal to multiple local regions over multiple time periods. The system’s vehicle size, route spacing (for conventional services), service area (for flexible services), headways and fleet sizes are jointly optimized to minimize the sum of supplier costs and user costs. The route spacing for conventional bus services and service area for flexible bus services are also optimized for each region. The proposed solution method, which uses a genetic algorithm and analytic optimization, finds good solutions quickly. Numerical examples and sensitivity analyses confirm that the single fleet variable-type bus service may outperform either the single fleet conventional bus service or the single fleet flexible bus service when demand densities vary substantially among regions and time periods. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 617-643 Issue: 6 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1488930 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1488930 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:6:p:617-643 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hans Huber Author-X-Name-First: Hans Author-X-Name-Last: Huber Title: India’s air traffic: towards an empirical framework for systems analysis Abstract: The paper explores patterns of flows within India’s Air Traffic System through the lens of carriers’ networks and route structures between 2006 and 2014. Through observations of frequency distributions and their distinct patterns an analytic framework is derived heuristically by means of classification and aggregation. The well-known skewed traffic distribution which spatially concentrates traffic around relatively few airports serves as the starting point for decomposing the air traffic system (ATS) into its constituent route types. Airline operations along distinct route classes allows for classifying individual carrier’s network features as an embedded part of the system. Discussion of their role includes a spatial component. Inferences about development paths – past, present, future – of the Indian commercial ATS can be made. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 644-659 Issue: 6 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1488931 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1488931 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:6:p:644-659 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Muhammad Adeel Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Author-X-Name-Last: Adeel Author-Name: Anthony G. O. Yeh Author-X-Name-First: Anthony G. O. Author-X-Name-Last: Yeh Title: Gendered immobility: influence of social roles and local context on mobility decisions in Pakistan Abstract: This paper examines the instances of one-day immobility in Pakistan and reports its socio-demographic determinants using the nationally representative dataset of the 2007 Pakistan Time Use Survey. Of 37,830 time diary respondents, nearly 30% did not report travel during the diary day. Homemakers and those out of the workforce were more likely to be immobile than employed or student respondents. Immobility rates were very high among women (55%) as compared to men (4%). Among women, those between 20 and 34 years of age, married, with children, having better education, dependent on other household members and those living in higher income households were more likely to be immobile. The excessive gender nature of immobility seems to be triggered by a gender-based sociocultural environment, which restricts female mobility due to family honor concerns. Other than this, those living in the provinces of Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa or in urban areas were more likely to be immobile than those living in Punjab and Sindh provinces or in rural areas. The significant geographic effect at broader spatial scale is caused by the demographic structure as well as due to differences in the social and cultural context of these areas. Finally, questions regarding the measurement of immobility and the potential implications of increased female immobility are discussed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 660-678 Issue: 6 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1488932 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1488932 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:6:p:660-678 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nobuhiro Sanko Author-X-Name-First: Nobuhiro Author-X-Name-Last: Sanko Title: Factors affecting temporal changes in mode choice model parameters Abstract: In travel demand forecasting models, parameters are often assumed to be stable over time. The stability of these parameters, however, has been questioned. This study investigates the factors affecting temporal changes in mode choice model parameters using a method proposed by the author that jointly utilises repeated cross-sectional data. In this method, the parameters are assumed to follow functional forms and the parameter changes are modelled endogenously. While the author’s previous studies assumed that all parameters are the same function of the same variable, this study assumes that different parameters are different functions of different variables, including time (year) and macro-economic variables. The paper describes a case study of a journey-to-work mode choice analysis for Nagoya, Japan, that examines 288 combinations of the functional forms and variables. The analysis found that the functions of time had serious over-fitting problems and that parameter changes are more closely related to economic factors. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 641-652 Issue: 7 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1204088 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1204088 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:7:p:641-652 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad Saifuzzaman Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Author-X-Name-Last: Saifuzzaman Author-Name: Leonid Engelson Author-X-Name-First: Leonid Author-X-Name-Last: Engelson Author-Name: Ida Kristoffersson Author-X-Name-First: Ida Author-X-Name-Last: Kristoffersson Author-Name: André de Palma Author-X-Name-First: André Author-X-Name-Last: de Palma Title: Stockholm congestion charging: an assessment with METROPOLIS and SILVESTER Abstract: This paper reviews and compares the performance of two dynamic transportation models – METROPOLIS and SILVESTER – which are used to predict the impacts of congestion charging for Stockholm. Both are mesoscopic dynamic models treating accumulation and dissipation of traffic queues, route choice, modal split and departure time choice. The models are calibrated independently for the baseline situation without charges and applied to forecast the effects of congestion charging. The results obtained from the two models are mutually compared and validated against the actual outcome of the Stockholm congestion charging scheme. Both models successfully predict the outcomes of the congestion charging trial at both aggregate and disaggregate levels. Results of welfare analysis, however, differ substantially due to differences in model specification. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 653-674 Issue: 7 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1204089 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1204089 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:7:p:653-674 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Partha Chakroborty Author-X-Name-First: Partha Author-X-Name-Last: Chakroborty Author-Name: Rahul Gill Author-X-Name-First: Rahul Author-X-Name-Last: Gill Author-Name: Pranamesh Chakraborty Author-X-Name-First: Pranamesh Author-X-Name-Last: Chakraborty Title: Analysing queueing at toll plazas using a coupled, multiple-queue, queueing system model: application to toll plaza design Abstract: A vehicle approaching a toll plaza observes the queues at each of the available toll-lanes before choosing which to join. This choice process, the arrival process of vehicles and the service characteristics of the toll-booths, affect the queues and delay the drivers. In this paper, queueing at a toll plaza is modelled as a multiple-queue queueing system where the arrival process to a queue (toll-lane) is dependent on the state of all the queues. In the past, such systems have been modelled mathematically only for two queues and are not applicable for toll plazas with three or more toll-lanes. The proposed model determines the steady-state probability density function (pdf) for the queues at large toll plazas. This study is used to determine the number of toll-lanes or the length of the upstream queueing area required to achieve certain user-specified levels-of-service. Expected delay and maximum queue length are used as level-of-service measures. Indicative design charts are also provided. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 675-692 Issue: 7 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1204090 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1204090 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:7:p:675-692 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rolf Moeckel Author-X-Name-First: Rolf Author-X-Name-Last: Moeckel Author-Name: Rick Donnelly Author-X-Name-First: Rick Author-X-Name-Last: Donnelly Title: A model for national freight flows, distribution centers, empty trucks and urban truck movements Abstract: Trucks travel both short distances for local deliveries and long distances for transporting goods across the country. Often their travel behavior is tour-based, they run under tight schedules and under curfew on selected roads. Despite these differences from personal travel, in practice truck models largely follow person travel methods. To overcome this shortcoming, a two-layer truck model is developed for the Chicago Metropolitan Area. Long-distance trucks are driven by commodity flows, with distribution centers, rail yards, marine ports and airports being represented explicitly. Empty trucks are accounted for as well. For the short-distance truck model, a novel parameter estimation method makes use of limited data to derive region-specific parameters. The model is fully operational and validates reasonably well against traffic counts. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 693-711 Issue: 7 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1204091 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1204091 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:7:p:693-711 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hans Huber Author-X-Name-First: Hans Author-X-Name-Last: Huber Title: Network structure, capacity growth and route hierarchies: the case of China’s air traffic system revisited Abstract: This paper examines air traffic patterns among China’s scheduled airlines in January 2006 and January 2011, using Official Airline Guide data on carrier schedules. The author classifies Chinese carriers into one of four classes. Airports are also organized into a classification scheme based on several criteria related to the total volume of traffic, the carriers serving the airports and the nature of the airports to which they are connected. Counts, sums, percentage shares and changes in these calculations between 2006 and 2011 are presented in tabular form. Inferences about the fundamental structure and future patterns of capacity growth for the yet not fully emerged Chinese air traffic system can be drawn. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 712-729 Issue: 7 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1204092 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1204092 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:7:p:712-729 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Jaffee Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Jaffee Title: Kink in the intermodal supply chain: interorganizational relations in the port economy Abstract: The intermodal logistics supply chain is designed to move goods from the point of production to the point of consumption as quickly and as cheaply as possible. The ability to accomplish this objective has allowed for the wholesale geographic relocation and offshoring of basic manufacturing and assembly. As a chain of linked and integrated organizations characterized by sequential interdependence, interorganizational relations play a key role in determining the level of integration and seamlessness. Yet there is one critical interorganizational link in the chain that deviates from this vision. This is the relationship between the shipping container terminal and drayage trucking operations which is better described as a form of intermodal disintegration. The weakness in this link of the supply chain is explained by the divergent industrial structures and labor market conditions, the unique nature of the transaction, and the externalization of costs to subordinate workers. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 730-746 Issue: 7 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1204093 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1204093 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:7:p:730-746 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bradley Kloostra Author-X-Name-First: Bradley Author-X-Name-Last: Kloostra Author-Name: Matthew J. Roorda Author-X-Name-First: Matthew J. Author-X-Name-Last: Roorda Title: Fully autonomous vehicles: analyzing transportation network performance and operating scenarios in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada Abstract: Fully autonomous vehicles (AVs) have the potential to considerably change urban mobility in the future. This study simulates potential AV operating scenarios in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), Canada, and assesses transportation system performance on a regional level. For each scenario, the base capacities of certain types of road links are modified to simulate the theoretical increase in throughput enabled by AV driving behavior. Another scenario examines driverless parking operations in downtown Toronto. Simulation results indicate that the increased attractiveness of freeways relative to other routes leads to slightly increased average travel distance as vehicles divert to access higher capacity road links. Average travel time is found to decrease by up to one-fifth at the 90% AV market penetration level. Concurrently, localized increases in congestion suggest that proactive transportation planning will be needed to mitigate negative consequences of AV adoption, especially in relation to induced demand for personal automobile travel. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 99-112 Issue: 2 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1565159 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1565159 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:2:p:99-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arash Beheshtian Author-X-Name-First: Arash Author-X-Name-Last: Beheshtian Author-Name: K. P. Donaghy Author-X-Name-First: K. P. Author-X-Name-Last: Donaghy Author-Name: O. M. Rouhani Author-X-Name-First: O. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Rouhani Author-Name: R. Geddes Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Geddes Title: Adaptation planning for climate-resilient urban infrastructures Abstract: This paper analyzes the interdependency across two critical infrastructures of transportation and motor fueling supply chains, and investigates how vulnerability to climatic extremes in a fueling infrastructure hampers the resilience of a transportation system. The proposed model features both a bi-stage mathematical program and an extension to an ‘α-reliable mean-excess’ regret model. The former aspect allows decision makers to optimize the pre-disaster asset prepositioning against the maximum post-disaster system resilience. The latter aspect of the proposed model devalues the impact of ‘low-probability, high-cost’ sub-scenarios upon model results. The model reveals the reliance of post-disaster urban mobility on the interdependent critical infrastructure of motor fueling supply chains. The results also suggest how investment in the fueling infrastructure’s vulnerable elements protects urban mobility while the transportation network is stressed or under attack. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 113-129 Issue: 2 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1565160 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1565160 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:2:p:113-129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Janić Author-X-Name-First: Milan Author-X-Name-Last: Janić Title: Future advanced long-haul Evacuated Tube Transport (EET) system operated by TransRapid Maglev (TRM): a multidimensional examination of performance Abstract: This paper presents a multidimensional examination of the infrastructural, technical/technological, operational, economic, environmental, social, and policy performance of the future advanced Evacuated Tube Transport (ETT) system operated by TransRapid Maglev (TRM) (the ETT-TRM system). The examination implies analyzing, modeling, and estimating selected performance criteria using the case of the Trans-Atlantic passenger transport market currently served exclusively by the Air Passenger Transport (APT) system. The purpose is to assess the ETT-TRM system’s competitive capabilities compared to those of the current and future APT system and consequently its potential contribution to mitigating impacts of both systems on society and the environment – the sustainability of the transport sector - under given conditions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 130-151 Issue: 2 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1565161 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1565161 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:2:p:130-151 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard B. Ellison Author-X-Name-First: Richard B. Author-X-Name-Last: Ellison Author-Name: David A. Hensher Author-X-Name-First: David A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher Author-Name: Stephen P. Greaves Author-X-Name-First: Stephen P. Author-X-Name-Last: Greaves Title: Collecting longitudinal data from freight operators: survey design and implementation ideas and challenges Abstract: Freight transport research has generally been limited by a lack of data of the breadth and quality available for passenger transport, particularly in terms of behavioural data. This paper discusses the survey design and implementation of a survey intended to collect longitudinal behavioural data on the responses of freight transport firms to environmental policies. The design of the survey is centred around a hypothetical scenario where respondents are asked how they would complete a given freight task within common constraints. One of the key components of the survey design is a dynamic component intended to simulate the changing business environment. The paper illustrates the many challenges in getting complex freight related surveys in the field. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 152-166 Issue: 2 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1565162 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1565162 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:2:p:152-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Yimeng Chen Author-X-Name-First: Yimeng Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: Effects of passenger characteristics and terminal layout on airport retail revenue: an agent-based simulation approach Abstract: This paper examines the effect of passenger characteristics and terminal layout on airport retail revenue using an agent-based simulation approach. Simulation results show that passenger mix (that is, the mix of shopper types according to a typology of airport shoppers) has a profound effect on airport retail revenue; the larger the number of ‘shopping lovers’ there are among passengers, the higher the airport retail revenue. Results also reveal that group travel can lead to negative effects on retail in certain terminal layouts, and that the amount of free dwell time that a passenger has can affect spending due to less retail engagement. This paper shows a combined effect of passenger characteristics and terminal layout on airport retail revenue, and discusses the implications of these results for future airport terminal design that aims to maximise retail potential. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 167-186 Issue: 2 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1565163 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1565163 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:2:p:167-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martijn van der Horst Author-X-Name-First: Martijn Author-X-Name-Last: van der Horst Author-Name: Michiel Kort Author-X-Name-First: Michiel Author-X-Name-Last: Kort Author-Name: Bart Kuipers Author-X-Name-First: Bart Author-X-Name-Last: Kuipers Author-Name: Harry Geerlings Author-X-Name-First: Harry Author-X-Name-Last: Geerlings Title: Coordination problems in container barging in the port of Rotterdam: an institutional analysis Abstract: Container barging has gained in importance in port-related transport along with the need for sustainable transport. Nevertheless, coordination problems between terminal operator and barge operator exist, and performance lags behind. This paper analyses factors that may hinder or stimulate a better future performance of container barging in the port of Rotterdam. A case study is accomplished and guided by a framework rooted in Institutional Economics. Despite favourable conditions set by governments and the port authority, the share of container barging has hardly grown. The container barging sector in Rotterdam is embedded in a history with many alliances, a high degree of organisation, and a good track record in the development of institutional arrangements to solve coordination problems. However, the present contractual relations in the transport chain form an inadequate condition. From a theoretical perspective, the paper shows the value of studying port-related transport chains by acknowledging their institutional context. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 187-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1565164 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1565164 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:2:p:187-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Niels Heeres Author-X-Name-First: Niels Author-X-Name-Last: Heeres Author-Name: Taede Tillema Author-X-Name-First: Taede Author-X-Name-Last: Tillema Author-Name: Jos Arts Author-X-Name-First: Jos Author-X-Name-Last: Arts Title: The changing role of decision support instruments in integrated infrastructure planning: lessons from the Sustainability Check Abstract: This article draws lessons about recent innovations in decision support for coping with challenges in integrated infrastructure planning strategies. After setting up a conceptual framework for the scope of analysis and the use of information in infrastructure planning, the empirical section explores the introduction of early-stage sustainability assessment tools. Data collection draws on experiences gained in the Netherlands with a new tool: ‘Sustainability Check’. We conclude that such instruments have a number of capacities that address the challenges of area-oriented planning: (a) bringing together information about the comprehensive value of alternatives, (b) facilitating the generation of alternatives, (c) addressing institutional fragmentation by learning about referential frames, and (d) adding contextual perspectives to the ‘hard’ outcomes of conventional tools. We also conclude that tools such as Sustainability Check should not be seen as a replacement for conventional decision support tools, but rather as complementary to them. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 679-705 Issue: 7 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1488933 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1488933 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:7:p:679-705 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Liuhui Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Liuhui Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Steven I. Chien Author-X-Name-First: Steven I. Author-X-Name-Last: Chien Author-Name: Lazar N. Spasovic Author-X-Name-First: Lazar N. Author-X-Name-Last: Spasovic Author-Name: Xiaobo Liu Author-X-Name-First: Xiaobo Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Modeling and optimizing urban bus transit considering headway variation for cost and service reliability analysis Abstract: Due to the stochastic nature of traffic conditions and demand fluctuations, it is a challenging task for operators to maintain reliable services, and passengers often suffer from longer travel times. A failure to consider this issue while planning bus services may lead to undesirable results, such as higher costs and a deterioration in level of service. Considering headway variation at route stops, this paper develops a mathematical model to optimize bus stops and dispatching headways that minimize total cost, consisting of both user and operator costs. A Genetic Algorithm is applied to search for a cost-effective solution in a real-world case study of a bus transit system, which improves service reliability in terms of a reduced coefficient of variation of headway. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 706-723 Issue: 7 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1504181 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1504181 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:7:p:706-723 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ismaïl Saadi Author-X-Name-First: Ismaïl Author-X-Name-Last: Saadi Author-Name: Hamed Eftekhar Author-X-Name-First: Hamed Author-X-Name-Last: Eftekhar Author-Name: Jacques Teller Author-X-Name-First: Jacques Author-X-Name-Last: Teller Author-Name: Mario Cools Author-X-Name-First: Mario Author-X-Name-Last: Cools Title: Investigating scalability in population synthesis: a comparative approach Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the influence of scalability on the accuracy of different synthetic populations using both fitting and generation-based approaches. Most activity-based models need a base-year synthetic population of agents with various attributes. However, when several attributes need to be synthesized, the accuracy of the synthetic population may decrease due to the mixed effects of scalability and dimensionality. We analyze two population synthesis methods for different levels of scalability, i.e. two to five attributes and different sample sizes – 10%, 25% and 50%. Results reveal that the simulation-based approach is more stable than Iterative Proportional Fitting (IPF) when the number of attributes increases. However, IPF is less sensitive to changes in sample size when compared to the simulation-based approach. We also demonstrate the importance of choosing the appropriate metric to validate the synthetic populations as the trends in terms of RMSE/MAE are different from those of SRMSE. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 724-735 Issue: 7 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1504182 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1504182 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:7:p:724-735 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George Sammour Author-X-Name-First: George Author-X-Name-Last: Sammour Author-Name: Koen Vanhoof Author-X-Name-First: Koen Author-X-Name-Last: Vanhoof Title: A validation measure for computational scheduler activity-based transportation models based on sequence alignment methods Abstract: In recent decades, activity-based transportation models have gained growing attention, due to their strong foundation in behavioral theory and ability to model the response of individuals to travel demand management policies. Hence, researchers have become increasingly interested in analyzing and predicting individuals’ decisions about activity participation. This paper investigates the reliability and uncertainty of computational process activity-based models. The design of the scheduling process model is experimented with by introducing an alternative decision sequence. The results provide additional information to better understand the process model’s reliability and behavior. Furthermore, the findings show that the current sequence of decision steps in the process model in ALBATROSS achieves satisfactory work activity schedules. Finally, the study concludes that using a decision tree model achieves a better performance than using diverse data mining approaches. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 736-751 Issue: 7 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1504183 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1504183 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:7:p:736-751 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yung-Cheng (Rex) Lai Author-X-Name-First: Yung-Cheng (Rex) Author-X-Name-Last: Lai Author-Name: Chung-Wei Huang Author-X-Name-First: Chung-Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Author-Name: Yu-Ting Hsu Author-X-Name-First: Yu-Ting Author-X-Name-Last: Hsu Title: Estimation of rail passenger flow and system utilization with ticket transaction and gate data Abstract: Capturing the dynamics in passenger flow and system utilization over time and space is extremely important for railway operators. Previous studies usually estimated passenger flow using automatic fare collection data, and their applications are limited to a single stopping pattern and/or a single type of ticket. However, the conventional railway in Taiwan provides four types of ticket and five types of train service with a number of stopping patterns. This study develops a comprehensive framework and corresponding algorithms to map passenger flow and evaluate system utilization. A multinomial logit model is constructed and incorporated in the algorithms to estimate passenger train selection behavior. Results from the empirical studies demonstrate that the developed framework and algorithms can successfully match passengers with train services. With this tool, operators can efficiently examine passenger flow and service utilization, thereby quickly adjusting their service strategies accordingly to improve system performance. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 752-778 Issue: 7 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1504184 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1504184 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:7:p:752-778 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tao Li Author-X-Name-First: Tao Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Shengrun Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Shengrun Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Xiaoshu Cao Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoshu Author-X-Name-Last: Cao Author-Name: Frank Witlox Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox Title: Does a circular high-speed rail network promote efficiency and spatial equity in transport accessibility? Evidence from Hainan Island, China Abstract: This paper investigates the efficiency and spatial equity impacts of a unique island-looping high-speed rail (HSR) network in Hainan province, China. An integrated network and raster-based model is applied to accurately measure the accessibility indicators. We perform analysis at four different geographical planning levels – island, corridor, spillover, and county level. The HSR with a non-polarized topology can increase the accessibility of the entire island and corridor, but only leads to a slight increase in the spillover areas without HSR stations. HSR construction also leads to spatial cohesion for the entire island and corridor. Although the circular HSR network consists of several HSR stations distributed relatively equally, the results show that counties contribute differently to the cohesion of the entire island due to the varied initial level of accessibility values. Moreover, the county-level analysis reveals that the internal changes of each county are also different with balancing, polarization, and neutral effects appearing. Therefore, the internal equity of counties needs to be combined with their external contributions to global equity. Our framework permits policymakers to make customized HSR transport policies at different planning levels, particularly for an isolated area. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 779-795 Issue: 7 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1504186 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1504186 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:7:p:779-795 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hong Zheng Author-X-Name-First: Hong Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng Author-Name: Srinivas Peeta Author-X-Name-First: Srinivas Author-X-Name-Last: Peeta Title: Routing and charging locations for electric vehicles for intercity trips Abstract: This study addresses two problems in the context of battery electric vehicles (EVs) for intercity trips: the EV routing problem and the EV optimal charging station location problem (CSLP). The paper shows that EV routing on the shortest path subject to range feasibility for one origin–destination (O–D) pair, called the shortest walk problem (SWP), as well as a stronger version of the problem – the p-stop limited SWP – can be reduced to solving the shortest path problem on an auxiliary network. The paper then addresses optimal CSLPs in which EVs are range feasible with and without p-stops. We formulate the models as mixed-integer multi-commodity flow problems on the same auxiliary network without path and relay pattern enumeration. Benders decomposition is used to propose an exact solution approach. Numerical experiments are conducted using the Indiana state network. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 393-419 Issue: 4 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1300245 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1300245 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:4:p:393-419 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joonho Ko Author-X-Name-First: Joonho Author-X-Name-Last: Ko Author-Name: Daejin Kim Author-X-Name-First: Daejin Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Daisik Nam Author-X-Name-First: Daisik Author-X-Name-Last: Nam Author-Name: Taekyung Lee Author-X-Name-First: Taekyung Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Determining locations of charging stations for electric taxis using taxi operation data Abstract: The adequate provision of charging infrastructure is critical for the effective deployment of electric taxis. This study attempts to locate charging stations for electric taxis reflecting real-world taxi travel patterns identified from taxis equipped with digital tachographs. Data for one week are processed in order to estimate their charge demand. The estimated temporal distribution of charge demand indicates that it varies day-by-day and hour-by-hour. The maximum set covering model is applied for determining the locations of charging stations. The results show that the pre-specified service distance and service coverage rate (defined by the proportion of total demand served) can be critical factors for determining the number and location of charging stations. These factors should be carefully specified by considering the tradeoff between operational efficiency of charging facilities and user convenience. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 420-433 Issue: 4 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1300243 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1300243 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:4:p:420-433 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xuemei Fu Author-X-Name-First: Xuemei Author-X-Name-Last: Fu Author-Name: Zhicai Juan Author-X-Name-First: Zhicai Author-X-Name-Last: Juan Title: Accommodating preference heterogeneity in commuting mode choice: an empirical investigation in Shaoxing, China Abstract: A latent class model is developed to accommodate preference heterogeneity across commuters with respect to their mode choice between electric bike, private car, and public bus within the context of China. A three-segment solution – ‘electric bike individuals’, ‘private car addicts’, and ‘public bus enthusiasts’ – is identified, each characterized by heterogeneous preferences regarding specific mode attributes and unique socio-demographic profile. The choice model confirms the determinative effects of perceived alternative attributes on commuting mode choice, while the traditionally used objective attributes – travel time and cost – are found to have relatively small influences. The membership model provides solid explanations for these segment-specific preferences. This study provides a better understanding of the nature of mode choice behavior, which can be useful for strategies tailored to a specific segment in order to promote the use of sustainable transport modes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 434-448 Issue: 4 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1300240 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1300240 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:4:p:434-448 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael J. Clay Author-X-Name-First: Michael J. Author-X-Name-Last: Clay Author-Name: Arnold Valdez Author-X-Name-First: Arnold Author-X-Name-Last: Valdez Title: The Bid-rent Land Use Model of the simple, efficient, elegant, and effective model of land use and transportation Abstract: Integrated land use/transportation forecasting models add significant policy and infrastructure alternatives analysis capabilities to the urban planning process. The financial, time, and staff requirements to develop these models has put them beyond the reach of most small to medium sized urban areas. This paper presents the land use allocation submodel of the Simple, Efficient, Elegant, and Effective model of land use and transportation (SE3M), an integrated land use and transportation forecasting model founded upon Economic Base Theory and Bid-rent Theory. The Bid-rent Land Use Model (BLUM) is an agent based, spatial competition model utilizing unique utility curves for willingness to pay and incomes for budget constrained abilities to pay for each agent. The model structure, estimation, calibration, implementation, and validation are presented. With a single year of land use data available, the validation approach used the Kappa Index of Agreement to spatially check model outputs against base year control data while controlling for agreement by chance. The U.S. territory of Guam is used as the case study/proof of concept implementation for this model framework. Once calibrated, BLUM could solve the spatial competition problem on Guam in less than two minutes of processing time with over 90% accuracy. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 449-464 Issue: 4 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1300239 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1300239 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:4:p:449-464 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jooyoung Kim Author-X-Name-First: Jooyoung Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Seungjae Lee Author-X-Name-First: Seungjae Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Comparative analysis of traveler destination choice models by method of sampling alternatives Abstract: In a destination choice model, it is important to introduce alternatives that have been adequately aggregated into traffic analysis zone levels based on spatial similarities and feasibility of analysis, because considering every spatial location possible for the traveler as an elemental alternative is intractable in terms of data management and analysis. In this study, we derive strata for alternative sets through simple random sampling and stratified importance sampling based on the concept of Moran’s I. As a result of comparative analysis, we are able to reduce errors by drawing an adequate number of samples for the destination choice model’s choice alternative sets based on measures of spatial similarity. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 465-478 Issue: 4 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1300242 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1300242 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:4:p:465-478 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ye Li Author-X-Name-First: Ye Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Qiang Cui Author-X-Name-First: Qiang Author-X-Name-Last: Cui Title: Airline energy efficiency measures using the Virtual Frontier Network RAM with weak disposability Abstract: In this paper, airline energy efficiency is divided into three stages: the operations stage, the services stage and the sales stage. Greenhouse gas emissions are treated as an undesirable output of the services stage. This new three-stage strategic operating framework is a modification of existing models. A new model, Virtual Frontier Network Range Adjusted Measure with weak disposability, is proposed to evaluate the efficiencies of 22 international airlines, from 2008 to 2012. The results show that the new model can establish more reasonable rankings and confirm new benchmarking airlines and that inclusion in the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme has had little influence on the improvement of airline energy efficiency. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 479-504 Issue: 4 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1300244 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1300244 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:4:p:479-504 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ali Gholami Author-X-Name-First: Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Gholami Author-Name: Zong Tian Author-X-Name-First: Zong Author-X-Name-Last: Tian Title: Increasing the accuracy of loop detector counts using adaptive neural fuzzy inference system and genetic programming Abstract: Loop detectors are devices that are most commonly used for obtaining data at intersections. Multiple detectors are usually required to monitor a location, and this reduces the accuracy of detectors for collecting traffic volumes. The purpose of this paper is to increase the accuracy of loop detector counts using Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Genetic Programming (GP) based on detector volume and occupancy. These methods do not need microscopic analysis and are easy to employ. Four approaches for one intersection are used in a case study. Results show that the models can improve intersection detector counts significantly. Results also show that ANFIS produces more accurate counts compared to regression and GP. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 505-522 Issue: 4 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1300241 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1300241 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:4:p:505-522 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Haitao Yu Author-X-Name-First: Haitao Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Ming Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Hao Pang Author-X-Name-First: Hao Author-X-Name-Last: Pang Title: Evaluation of transit proximity effects on residential land prices: an empirical study in Austin, Texas Abstract: The Austin MetroRail line in Texas, U.S.A. began operations in 2010 and since then transit-oriented development projects have been fuelled around train stations. Traditional location theory holds that proximity to a transit station should be capitalized into land prices, and numerous empirical studies have demonstrated the effects with mixed results. However, to date no empirical study has investigated this relationship between the newly built rail line and land prices in Austin. This study fills the research gap and suggests a positive effect associated with transit proximity by employing spatial hedonic models. This study also contributes to the existing literature especially in the context of Texas cities where there is a lack of relevant research on transit-capitalization-related topics, and provides insights for decision-makers with different perspectives regarding further rail investment or transportation financing strategies such as value capture programs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 841-854 Issue: 8 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1355880 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1355880 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:8:p:841-854 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael J. Clay Author-X-Name-First: Michael J. Author-X-Name-Last: Clay Author-Name: Arnold Valdez Author-X-Name-First: Arnold Author-X-Name-Last: Valdez Author-Name: Alex Norr Author-X-Name-First: Alex Author-X-Name-Last: Norr Author-Name: Samuel M. Otterstrom Author-X-Name-First: Samuel M. Author-X-Name-Last: Otterstrom Title: Uncertainty analysis of the large zone economic module of the simple, efficient, elegant, and effective model (SEM) of land use and transportation Abstract: Integrated land use and transportation forecasting models are used to assist decision-makers in the policy analysis and infrastructure capital improvement selection process. These models are typically given precise, point-estimate inputs that are mathematically linked, through a series of submodels, to forecasted model outputs. These point-estimate inputs represent an unrealistic level of precision and a growing body of research is focusing on statistical techniques to model uncertainty in model inputs and parameters and tracking the effects of this uncertainty through the various submodels to the model outputs. This paper presents an uncertainty analysis of the Large Zone Economic Module (LZEM) of the Simple, Efficient, Elegant, and Effective Model (SE3M) of land use and transportation. Three case-study implementations of the model are used to obtain a reasonably sound approximation of how uncertainty affects LZEM outputs: Guam, Puerto Rico, and Oahu, Hawaii. These case studies were the subject of an early transferability study with SE3M and were selected based on both their insularity and diverse physical, economic, and demographic geographies. The findings of this research demonstrate that LZEM has a robust framework, with the potential to estimate error both in the positive and negative direction under uncertain input/parameter conditions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 855-874 Issue: 8 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1355881 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1355881 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:8:p:855-874 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David P. Ashmore Author-X-Name-First: David P. Author-X-Name-Last: Ashmore Author-Name: Nicola Christie Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Christie Author-Name: Nicholas A. Tyler Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas A. Author-X-Name-Last: Tyler Title: Symbolic transport choice across national cultures: theoretical considerations for research design Abstract: A recently empirically isolated latent variable in transport choice is symbolism, which examines what people believe their transport choices say to others about them and how they are judged in a social context. Whilst it is well established that symbolism differs vertically across different socio-economic groups within a country, very little work has been done on how symbolism in transport may differ between similar individuals across nations as a function of national cultural values, and how this may manifest itself in transport choices. If significant differences were to be found then this could have impacts for transport policy formulation and transfer. This paper explores and discusses these issues and concludes that the initial goal of any research into symbolic transport choices across cultures is theoretical fertility, and this is best achieved by adopting Lakatosian research programmes, using theory-driven thematic analysis to develop theoretical models for testing. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 875-900 Issue: 8 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1355882 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1355882 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:8:p:875-900 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Soheil Emamian Author-X-Name-First: Soheil Author-X-Name-Last: Emamian Author-Name: Seyed Gholamreza Jalali Naini Author-X-Name-First: Seyed Gholamreza Author-X-Name-Last: Jalali Naini Author-Name: Kamran Shahanaghi Author-X-Name-First: Kamran Author-X-Name-Last: Shahanaghi Title: Application of particle swarm optimization and robust net present value for BOT-type contracts Abstract: Major infrastructure construction projects contracted to private companies by governments are important for maximizing profitability. This paper extends an existing build–operate–transfer (BOT) concession model (BOTCcM) for identifying the reasonable concession period which would be profitable both to the government and to the private sector. There are some major limitations with BOTCcM – for example, the total investment cost is pre-given and the impact of uncertainty of parameters affecting the concession period were not considered. In this research, the total investment cost is assumed as variable which should be optimally determined and the uncertainty of net cash flows is considered. Further, the proposed model is implemented to calculate the robust concession period and required capital for the construction period, using the obtained values and particle swarm optimization method. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 901-913 Issue: 8 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1355884 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1355884 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:8:p:901-913 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Huanmei Qin Author-X-Name-First: Huanmei Author-X-Name-Last: Qin Author-Name: Jianqiang Gao Author-X-Name-First: Jianqiang Author-X-Name-Last: Gao Author-Name: Hongzhi Guan Author-X-Name-First: Hongzhi Author-X-Name-Last: Guan Author-Name: Hongbo Chi Author-X-Name-First: Hongbo Author-X-Name-Last: Chi Title: Estimating heterogeneity of car travelers on mode shifting behavior based on discrete choice models Abstract: In order to understand the mode shift behavior of car travelers and relieve traffic congestion, a Stated Preference survey has been conducted in the city of Ji'nan in China to analyze bus choice behavior and the heterogeneity of car travelers. Several discrete choice models, including multinomial logit, mixed logit and latent class model (LCM) are developed based on these survey data. A comparative analysis indicates that the LCM has the highest precision and is more suitable to analyze the heterogeneity of car travelers. The LCM divides car travelers into three classes. Different classes have different sets of influencing factors in the model. Policy recommendations are also proposed for those classes to promote bus shift from car travelers based on the model results. Finally, sensitivity analysis on parking fees and fuel cost is carried out on the LCMs under different bus service levels. Car travelers have different sensitivities to the influencing factors. The conclusions indicate that the LCM can reflect the heterogeneity and preferences of car travelers and can be used to understand how to shift the behavior of car travelers and make more effective traffic policy. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 914-927 Issue: 8 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1355886 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1355886 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:8:p:914-927 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Oscar R. P. van Schaijk Author-X-Name-First: Oscar R. P. Author-X-Name-Last: van Schaijk Author-Name: Hendrikus G. Visser Author-X-Name-First: Hendrikus G. Author-X-Name-Last: Visser Title: Robust flight-to-gate assignment using flight presence probabilities Abstract: In this paper we present a novel method to improve the robustness of solutions to the Flight-to-Gate Assignment Problem (FGAP), with the aim to reduce the need for gate re-planning due to unpredicted flight schedule disturbances in the daily operations at an airport. We propose an approach in which the deterministic gate constraints are replaced by stochastic gate constraints that incorporate the inherent stochastic flight delays in such a way so as to ensure that the expected gate conflict probability of two flights assigned to the same gate at the same time does not exceed a user-specified value. The novel approach is integrated into an existing multiple time slot FGAP model that relies on a binary integer programming formulation and is tested using real-life data pertaining to Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. The results confirm that the proposed approach holds out great promise to improve the robustness of the FGAP solutions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 928-945 Issue: 8 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1355887 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1355887 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:8:p:928-945 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Editorial Board Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: ebi-ebi Issue: 8 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1363993 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1363993 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:8:p:ebi-ebi Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fumiaki Demizu Author-X-Name-First: Fumiaki Author-X-Name-Last: Demizu Author-Name: Yeun-Touh Li Author-X-Name-First: Yeun-Touh Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Jan-Dirk Schmöcker Author-X-Name-First: Jan-Dirk Author-X-Name-Last: Schmöcker Author-Name: Toshiyuki Nakamura Author-X-Name-First: Toshiyuki Author-X-Name-Last: Nakamura Author-Name: Nobuhiro Uno Author-X-Name-First: Nobuhiro Author-X-Name-Last: Uno Title: Long-term impact of the Shinkansen on rail and air demand: analysis with data from Northeast Japan Abstract: This paper analyses how the high-speed rail construction in Northeast Japan (Tohoku) has affected total demand and interregional travel patterns. We use annual interregional passenger data from 1989 to 2012 and apply regression analysis with the demand between Tokyo and the Tohoku prefectures as the dependent variable. We distinguish particularly between the ‘Full-’ and the ‘Mini-’ Shinkansen, where the latter are branch services running with reduced speed. We find that the ‘Full-Shinkansen’ quickly increases rail and total public transport trips and generates additional rail demand year on year. The ‘Mini-Shinkansen’ impacts are less pronounced. Furthermore, our analysis shows that the Shinkansen has shifted some demand from air to rail once it started operation and increased rail share gradually. We therefore suggest that predictions of demand impacts should carefully distinguish immediate from gradual impacts. We also discuss differences in regional demand in that not all prefectures have gained equally from Shinkansen construction. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 741-756 Issue: 7 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1340023 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1340023 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:7:p:741-756 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Qun Chen Author-X-Name-First: Qun Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Shuangli Pan Author-X-Name-First: Shuangli Author-X-Name-Last: Pan Title: Direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem Abstract: This paper proposes simple and direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem. It is only necessary to account for random variables independent of link flows by performing a simple transformation of the perceived link travel time with a normal distribution. At every iteration of a Monte-Carlo simulation procedure, the values of the random variables are sampled based on their probability distributions, and then a regular deterministic user equilibrium assignment is carried out to produce link flows. The link flows produced at each iteration of the Monte-Carlo simulation are averaged to yield the final flow pattern. Two test networks demonstrate that the proposed algorithms and the traditional algorithm (the Method of Successive Averages) produce similar results and that the proposed algorithms can be extended to the computation of the case in which the random error term depends on measured travel time. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 757-770 Issue: 7 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1340022 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1340022 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:7:p:757-770 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Won Kyung Lee Author-X-Name-First: Won Kyung Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: So Young Sohn Author-X-Name-First: So Young Author-X-Name-Last: Sohn Title: Taxi vacancy duration: a regression analysis Abstract: Taxi vacancy duration is a major efficiency measure for taxi services. A clear understanding of the various factors and their effect on vacancy duration is necessary for the optimal operational management of taxis. Previous research has only dealt with vacancy duration by assuming probability distributions and has not investigated heterogeneity in the data caused by various factors. We develop a parametric duration model using not only new operational characteristics but also variables associated with taxi demand, such as weather, land use, demographics, socioeconomic variables, and accessibility of public transportation. The model is applied to a large-scale New York City (NYC) taxi trip dataset that covers operations for 2013. The results show that all the attributes have significant associations with vacancy duration that follows a log-normal distribution. Our study is expected to help improve the efficiency of taxi operations by decreasing the time spent in vacant states. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 771-795 Issue: 7 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1340025 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1340025 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:7:p:771-795 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammed Hussaini Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed Author-X-Name-Last: Hussaini Author-Name: Miklas Scholz Author-X-Name-First: Miklas Author-X-Name-Last: Scholz Title: Exploring low carbon transition pathways for the UK road transport sector Abstract: This paper uses an analytical framework of multi-level and multi-phase perspectives to explore low carbon transition pathways for the UK road transport system. The work draws on the impact made by the national (UK) and regional (EU) low carbon policy instruments on the UK road sector. The results show that the transformation pathway, which is at the take-off phase on a large scale, is the only fully active pathway. The transformation is mainly characterized by the adoption of biofuel blends and hybrid electric vehicles, as well as niche technologies. For the emergence of an ideal low carbon road system in the UK, it is shown that the transformation pathway is insufficient and the likely pathway sequence to full decarbonization will be transformation-substitution-de-alignment/re-alignment. However, the dynamics that can favour a smooth process of this sequence will demand a range of active niche technologies and strong government intervention. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 796-811 Issue: 7 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1340024 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1340024 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:7:p:796-811 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pranamesh Chakraborty Author-X-Name-First: Pranamesh Author-X-Name-Last: Chakraborty Author-Name: Partha Chakroborty Author-X-Name-First: Partha Author-X-Name-Last: Chakroborty Title: Empirical analysis of short period traffic counts and their efficiency: the case of Indian traffic Abstract: Short period traffic counts (SPTCs) are conducted routinely to estimate the annual average daily traffic (AADT) at a particular site. This paper uses Indian traffic volume data to methodically and extensively study the effect of four aspects related to the design of SPTCs. These four aspects are: (i) for how long, (ii) on which days should SPTCs be carried out, (iii) how many times, and (iv) on which months should SPTCs be carried out? The analyses indicate that the best durations for conducting SPTCs are 3 days (starting with a Thursday) and 7 days, for total traffic and truck traffic, respectively. Further, these counts should be repeated twice a year keeping a separation of two months between the counts to obtain good estimates of AADT at minimal cost. An additional outcome of this study has been the determination of seasonal factor values for roads in developing economies, like India. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 812-827 Issue: 7 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1340021 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1340021 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:7:p:812-827 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: José Martins Author-X-Name-First: José Author-X-Name-Last: Martins Author-Name: Rui Cunha Marques Author-X-Name-First: Rui Cunha Author-X-Name-Last: Marques Author-Name: Carlos Oliveira Cruz Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Oliveira Author-X-Name-Last: Cruz Author-Name: Álvaro Fonseca Author-X-Name-First: Álvaro Author-X-Name-Last: Fonseca Title: Flexibility in planning and development of a container terminal: an application of an American-style call option Abstract: The prosperity and social progress of developed and developing economies is highly dependent on the existence of efficient transport infrastructure. Nevertheless, current budgetary constraints are jeopardizing the necessary investments in new or existing infrastructure. New models for planning and managing infrastructure are now necessary to overcome the lack of public economic resources available. Port infrastructure is no exception and, due to the vast number of uncertainties involving these projects, it is relevant to maximize the capture of the latent value of flexible options. Incorporating flexibility in these projects, prior to the implementation phase, can be a solution that allows port managers to address future uncertainties and mitigate risk exposure. This paper analyzes the incorporation of flexibility in port planning through the use of an American call option to the physical capacity expansion problem. The rationale is to implement a flexible expansion plan, through options that can be exercised at any given time, that are able to deal with uncertainty in demand. The paper uses a case study – Terminal Container of Ferrol, in Spain – and the results support the hypothesis that imbedded flexibility will robustly increase the net present value of the project. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 828-840 Issue: 7 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1340026 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1340026 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:7:p:828-840 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Islam H. El-adaway Author-X-Name-First: Islam H. Author-X-Name-Last: El-adaway Author-Name: Ibrahim Abotaleb Author-X-Name-First: Ibrahim Author-X-Name-Last: Abotaleb Author-Name: Eric Vechan Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Vechan Title: Identifying the most critical transportation intersections using social network analysis Abstract: Traffic congestion negatively impacts our society. Most of the traditional transportation planning techniques – though effective – require rigorous amounts of data and analysis which consumes time and resources. This paper uses social network analysis (SNA) to analyze transportation networks, and consequently corroborate the effectiveness of SNA as a complementary tool for improved transportation planning. After creating the connection between the language and concepts of SNA and those of transportation systems – as well as developing a model that utilizes different SNA centrality measures within the transportation context – the authors utilize SNA to investigate traffic networks in three case studies in the state of Louisiana, analyze the results and draw conclusions. To this effect, with minimal cost and time, the model identifies the most critical intersections that should be further investigated using traditional techniques. These results are in agreement with the findings of Louisiana’s Department of Transportation and Development. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 353-374 Issue: 4 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1453456 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1453456 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:4:p:353-374 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ryan Fries Author-X-Name-First: Ryan Author-X-Name-Last: Fries Author-Name: Md Toushik Ahmed Niloy Author-X-Name-First: Md Toushik Ahmed Author-X-Name-Last: Niloy Author-Name: Veda Vyas Author-X-Name-First: Veda Author-X-Name-Last: Vyas Title: Real-time traveler information for urban arterials: a method for selecting metropolitan routes of significance Abstract: Although multi-criteria analysis (MCA) has been commonly used to guide transportation decisions related to traditional infrastructure, limited applications are reported for intelligent transportation systems. The objective of this study is to apply MCA for selecting arterial routes for real-time traveler information, to conform with recent US federal regulations. This study applies the method in two metropolitan areas and the paper describes which criteria were chosen and how important each were considered. In all, this study guided the selection of seven arterial routes for deployment of real-time traveler information collection and dissemination. This study demonstrates how a transportation agency can apply MCA for traveler information planning and the method provides value for other agencies seeking to come into compliance with traveler information regulations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 375-388 Issue: 4 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1453460 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1453460 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:4:p:375-388 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yi Qi Author-X-Name-First: Yi Author-X-Name-Last: Qi Author-Name: Yubian Wang Author-X-Name-First: Yubian Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Xiaoming Sammy Chen Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoming Sammy Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Ruey Long Cheu Author-X-Name-First: Ruey Long Author-X-Name-Last: Cheu Author-Name: Lei Yu Author-X-Name-First: Lei Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Hualiang Teng Author-X-Name-First: Hualiang Author-X-Name-Last: Teng Title: Methods of dropping auxiliary lanes at freeway weaving segments Abstract: Auxiliary lanes connecting freeway entrance and exit ramps provide additional space for entering and exiting vehicles to change lanes. The method of dropping auxiliary lanes is critical in the design of freeway auxiliary lanes. This study investigates the performance of different methods of dropping auxiliary lanes. Case studies were conducted at two selected freeway segments with successive entrance or exit ramps in the City of Houston. Traffic simulation analysis results of these two case studies show that additional operational benefits can be achieved by extending an auxiliary lane beyond the freeway weaving segment. The study also found that if the weaving segment is followed by an entrance/exit ramp and this ramp has high traffic volume, it can be less operationally favorable to extend and terminate the auxiliary lane at this entrance/exit ramp location. Instead, dropping the auxiliary lane before this entrance/exit ramp represents a more operationally effective option. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 389-401 Issue: 4 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1453462 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1453462 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:4:p:389-401 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jen-Jia Lin Author-X-Name-First: Jen-Jia Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Author-Name: Chun-Tien Lin Author-X-Name-First: Chun-Tien Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Author-Name: Cheng-Min Feng Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Min Author-X-Name-Last: Feng Title: Locating rental stations and bikeways in a public bike system Abstract: To determine the spatial distribution of rental stations and bikeways in a public bike system, this paper proposes a facility location and network design model. The model is developed as a multi-objective programing problem that considers four objectives (minimizing cyclist risk, maximizing cyclist comfort, minimizing adverse impacts on traffic and maximizing service coverage) and multiple constraints (monetary budget, network connectivity, station spacing, bikeway types, station number and value ranges of decision variables). The ε-constraint method solves the programing problem for the public bike system in Daan District, Taipei City, Taiwan. The nine non-dominated alternatives generated are all markedly better than existing locations of rental stations and bikeways. Scenario analysis results indicate that increasing the construction budget for bikeways significantly improves cyclist safety and comfort whilst increasing the adverse impact on traffic. Planners can use this model to develop public bike systems that spatially integrate rental stations and bikeway networks. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 402-420 Issue: 4 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1453915 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1453915 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:4:p:402-420 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Francesco Corman Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Corman Author-Name: Egidio Quaglietta Author-X-Name-First: Egidio Author-X-Name-Last: Quaglietta Author-Name: Rob M. P. Goverde Author-X-Name-First: Rob M. P. Author-X-Name-Last: Goverde Title: Automated real-time railway traffic control: an experimental analysis of reliability, resilience and robustness Abstract: Railway transportation provides sustainable, fast and safe transport. Its attractiveness is linked to a broad concept of service reliability: the capability to adhere to a timetable in the presence of delays perturbing traffic. To counter these phenomena, real-time rescheduling can be used, changing train orders and times, according to rules of thumb, or mathematical optimization models, minimizing delays or maximizing punctuality. In the literature, different indices of robustness, reliability and resilience are defined for railway traffic. We review and evaluate these indices applied to railway traffic control, comparing optimal rescheduling approaches such as Open Loop and Closed Loop control, to a typical First-Come-First-Served dispatching rule, and following the timetable (no-action). This experimental analysis clarifies the benefits of automated traffic control for infrastructure managers, railway operators and passengers. The timetable order, normally used in assessing a-priori reliability, systematically overestimates unreliability of operations that can be reduced by real-time control. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 421-447 Issue: 4 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1453916 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1453916 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:4:p:421-447 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dantong Wang Author-X-Name-First: Dantong Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Chun Yuan Author-X-Name-First: Chun Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan Title: Modeling and forecasting household energy consumption and related CO2 emissions integrating UrbanSim and transportation models: an Atlanta BeltLine case study Abstract: Reducing energy consumption and controlling greenhouse gas emissions are key challenges for urban residents. Because urban areas are complex and dynamic, affected by many driving factors in terms of growth, development, and demographics, urban planners and policy makers need a sophisticated understanding of how residential lifestyle, transportation behavior, land-use changes, and land-use policies affect residential energy consumption and associated CO2 emissions. This study presents an approach to modeling and simulating future household energy consumption and CO2 emissions over a 30-year planning period, using an energy-consumption regression approach based on the UrbanSim model. Outputs from UrbanSim for a baseline scenario are compared with those from a no-transportation-demand model and an Atlanta BeltLine scenario. The results indicate that incorporation of a travel demand model can make the simulation more reasonable and that the BeltLine project holds potential for curbing energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 448-462 Issue: 4 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1453917 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1453917 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:4:p:448-462 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohamed Hussein Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed Author-X-Name-Last: Hussein Author-Name: Tarek Sayed Author-X-Name-First: Tarek Author-X-Name-Last: Sayed Title: Validation of an agent-based microscopic pedestrian simulation model in a crowded pedestrian walking environment Abstract: This study validates a recently developed agent-based pedestrian micro-simulation model in a crowded walking environment. The model is applied to simulate pedestrian movements at a major street in the downtown Vancouver area. The street was closed for traffic to allow people attending a social event to leave the area safely. The calibration of model parameters is conducted using a Genetic Algorithm that minimizes the error between simulated and actual trajectories, acquired by means of computer vision. Validation results confirm the accuracy of the simulated trajectories, as the average error between the actual and simulated trajectories is found to be 0.28 m, and the average error in walking speed is just 0.06 m/s. Furthermore, results show that the model is capable of reproducing the actual behavior of pedestrians during different interactions with high accuracy (more than 94% for most interactions). Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1541279 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1541279 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:1:p:1-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miriam Pirra Author-X-Name-First: Miriam Author-X-Name-Last: Pirra Author-Name: Marco Diana Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Diana Title: A study of tour-based mode choice based on a Support Vector Machine classifier Abstract: A new approach in recognizing travel mode choice patterns is proposed, based on the Support Vector Machine classification technique. The tour-based travel demand dataset that is analysed is for New York State, derived from the 2009 U.S. National Household Travel Survey. The main features characterizing each tour are the means used, travel-related variables and socioeconomic aspects. Results obtained demonstrate the ability to predict to some extent, in real settings where car use dominates, which tours are likely to be made by public transport or non-motorized means. Moreover, the flexibility of the technique allows assessing the predictive power of each feature according to the combination of travel means used in different tours. Potential applications range from activity-based travel choice simulators to search engines supporting personalized travel planners – in general, whenever ‘best guesses’ on mode choice patterns have to be made quickly on large amounts of data prejudicing the possibility of setting up a statistical model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 23-36 Issue: 1 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1541280 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1541280 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:1:p:23-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Ruben Pinchasik Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Ruben Author-X-Name-Last: Pinchasik Author-Name: Inger Beate Hovi Author-X-Name-First: Inger Beate Author-X-Name-Last: Hovi Author-Name: Paal Brevik Wangsness Author-X-Name-First: Paal Brevik Author-X-Name-Last: Wangsness Author-Name: Aud Tennøy Author-X-Name-First: Aud Author-X-Name-Last: Tennøy Title: Environmental and transport effects of warehouse relocationing: evidence from Norway Abstract: Reducing traffic volumes and CO2-emissions from freight transport has proven difficult in many countries. Although the increasing suburbanization of warehouses is seen as a relevant land use trend, comprehensive analyses of their impact remain scarce. This study uses real data in modeling transport, costs, environmental and modal effects from warehouse relocations around Oslo and Trondheim (Norway). Results indicate that for Oslo, traffic performance (ton-km), CO2-emissions, and transport costs increase following warehouse suburbanization. For Trondheim, transport performance and CO2-emissions increase less, while transport costs decrease marginally. We conclude that specific case characteristics (geography and trade patterns) are important in determining the strength and direction of effects, and expect that common concomitant developments (warehouse centralization and consolidation) would lead to more pronounced results. Our findings confirm some, but challenge other, findings from the relatively scarcely literature available. Finally, the study's more general insights and observations can help advance similar analyses beyond Norway. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 37-55 Issue: 1 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1541281 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1541281 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:1:p:37-55 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Md Shoaib Chowdhury Author-X-Name-First: Md Shoaib Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury Author-Name: Steven I-Jy Chien Author-X-Name-First: Steven I-Jy Author-X-Name-Last: Chien Title: Optimizing fare and headway to facilitate timed transfer considering demand elasticity Abstract: Fare and service frequency significantly affect transit users’ willingness to ride, as well as the supplier's revenue and operating costs. To stimulate demand and increase productivity, it is desirable to reduce the transfer time from one route to another via efficient service coordination, such as timed transfer. Since demand varies both temporally and spatially, it may not be cost-effective to synchronize vehicle arrivals on all connecting routes at a terminal. In this paper, we develop a schedule coordination model to optimize fare and headway considering demand elasticity. The headway of each route is treated as an integer-multiple of a base common headway. A discounted (reduced) fare is applied as an incentive to encourage ridership and, thus, stimulate public transit usage. The objective of the proposed coordination model is used to maximize the total profit subject to the service constraint. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model. The results show that the optimized fare and headway may be carefully applied to yield the maximum profit. The relationship between the decision variables and model parameters is explored in the sensitivity analysis. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 56-69 Issue: 1 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1541282 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1541282 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:1:p:56-69 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: De Zhao Author-X-Name-First: De Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Wei Wang Author-X-Name-First: Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Chenyang Li Author-X-Name-First: Chenyang Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Yanjie Ji Author-X-Name-First: Yanjie Author-X-Name-Last: Ji Author-Name: Xiaojian Hu Author-X-Name-First: Xiaojian Author-X-Name-Last: Hu Author-Name: Wenfu Wang Author-X-Name-First: Wenfu Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Recognizing metro-bus transfers from smart card data Abstract: Transfer points between metro and bus services remain an elusive, yet critical junction for transportation practitioners. Based on massive Smart Card (SC) data, previous studies apply a one-size-fits-all criterion to discriminate between transfers. However, this is not sufficiently convincing for different transfer pairs. To counter this problem, this study applies an association rules algorithm and cluster analysis to recognize metro-to-bus transfers using SC data, and demonstrates transfer recognition in a case study based on SC data collected during a week in Nanjing, China. It is shown that 85% of the transfer-recognition results are quite stable through the whole week, and the median transfer time between metro and bus is below 20 min. The method proposed in this study can be used to identify the busiest transfer points and to obtain average transfer times, which facilitates a smarter and more efficient public transit network. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 70-83 Issue: 1 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1541283 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1541283 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:1:p:70-83 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ernesto Cipriani Author-X-Name-First: Ernesto Author-X-Name-Last: Cipriani Author-Name: Gaetano Fusco Author-X-Name-First: Gaetano Author-X-Name-Last: Fusco Author-Name: Sergio Maria Patella Author-X-Name-First: Sergio Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Patella Author-Name: Marco Petrelli Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Petrelli Author-Name: Luca Quadrifoglio Author-X-Name-First: Luca Author-X-Name-Last: Quadrifoglio Title: Transit network design for small-medium size cities Abstract: This paper proposes a novel heuristic to solve the network design problem for public transport in small-medium size cities. Such cities can be defined as those with a diameter of a few kilometers with up to a few hundred thousand residents. These urban centers present a specific spatial configuration affecting the land use and mobility system. Transportation demand is widespread in origin and concentrated in a small number of attraction points close to each other. This particular structure of demand (‘many-to-few’) suggests the need for specific methodologies for the design of a transit system at a network level. In this paper, such design methodologies are defined in terms of models and solution procedures and tested on a selected case study. The solution methods show promising results. The key variables of the model are the routes and their frequencies. The constraints of the problem affect the overall demand to be served, the quality of the proposed service (transfer, load factors) and the definition of routes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 84-97 Issue: 1 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1541284 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1541284 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:1:p:84-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sufian Ikhmeis Author-X-Name-First: Sufian Author-X-Name-Last: Ikhmeis Author-Name: Sanchoy Das Author-X-Name-First: Sanchoy Author-X-Name-Last: Das Title: An objective model for collaborative flight scheduling in a single mega-hub network Abstract: Single mega-hub (SMH) airports are among the highest passenger volume airports in the world. Eight operational features that distinguish an SMH airport are identified, including collaborative flight scheduling between the airline and airport. This paper develops an objective function to direct collaborative flight scheduling. Three cost objectives are modeled, each of which focusses on a specific variable cost to the airport: passenger waiting time, passenger volume in the terminal, and ground activity imbalance. The scheduling objective is modeled as a function of (i) waiting time for each passenger, (ii) passenger count in the airport terminal, and (iii) the ground activity peak deviation from the balanced rate. Model application is demonstrated on the schedule of an airline operating 184 daily departures from a SMH. Results show the model can be used to reduce the airport’s variable costs. Rescheduling departure times for 6.5% of flights generated a 2.8% cost reduction. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-19 Issue: 1 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1701642 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1701642 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:1:p:1-19 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Varun Raturi Author-X-Name-First: Varun Author-X-Name-Last: Raturi Author-Name: Ashish Verma Author-X-Name-First: Ashish Author-X-Name-Last: Verma Title: A game-theoretic approach to analyse inter-modal competition between high-speed rail and airlines in the Indian context Abstract: In this paper, a game-theoretic framework is applied in order to model the competition scenario between high-speed rail (HSR) and airlines in the Indian context and assess the impact of speed and passengers’ characteristics on the equilibrium of the game. The competition is modelled in terms of the fare and frequency offered by the operators to maximize their profits. The speed of HSR is taken as an additional strategic variable in the game with three levels of high speed: low, medium, high. A three-stage game is formulated with the entrant playing its speed strategy in the first stage followed by optimal fare and frequency selection by both the modes. Passengers are considered to be heterogeneous in nature by assuming a continuous distribution of the value of time. Numerical simulations indicate that the dominant strategy for airlines and HSR is based on accommodation and medium speed, respectively. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 20-47 Issue: 1 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1701666 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1701666 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:1:p:20-47 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Baocheng Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Baocheng Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Zhijian Ye Author-X-Name-First: Zhijian Author-X-Name-Last: Ye Author-Name: Wang Lili Author-X-Name-First: Wang Author-X-Name-Last: Lili Title: Airport airside congestion pricing considering price discrimination between aircraft type under a Stackelberg game Abstract: This paper considers flight price discrimination between different aircraft types in an analysis of airport congestion under a Stackelberg game. In addition, we introduce a method to determine the specific total flight volume under which there should be no congestion toll because there is no congestion when total flight volume is low. Furthermore, congestion tolls should be levied on all airlines when total real flight production is between the equilibrium flights in a joint-profit maximization scenario and equilibrium flights in a self-profit maximization scenario. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 48-61 Issue: 1 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1701706 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1701706 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:1:p:48-61 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Somayeh Alizadeh Author-X-Name-First: Somayeh Author-X-Name-Last: Alizadeh Author-Name: Mahsa Safi Author-X-Name-First: Mahsa Author-X-Name-Last: Safi Title: A new model for efficiency evaluation of a bus fleet by window analysis in DEA and data mining Abstract: Bus fleet performance and efficiency evaluation is one of the issues that have attracted the attention of policy makers and urban managers, who seek to improve the service level for their citizens. In this paper, a hybrid framework is proposed using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method and data mining techniques to conduct a window analysis for performance evaluation, using the bus fleet in Tehran as a case study. First, the DEA model for the efficiency evaluation of the bus fleet is implemented. To this end, a window analysis is carried out to compare bus fleet performance with the performance of other bus fleets and its own performance for various time periods. The results from the DEA window analysis are then used as the input to the data mining classification method to forecast the efficiency of the bus fleet. Several classification techniques are employed and various methods are used to identify the best algorithm. In this regard, the C5.0 algorithm outperforms the others, and finally the rules hidden in the data set are extracted to forecast the bus fleet efficiency. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 62-77 Issue: 1 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1701750 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1701750 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:1:p:62-77 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pan Shang Author-X-Name-First: Pan Author-X-Name-Last: Shang Author-Name: Ruimin Li Author-X-Name-First: Ruimin Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Liya Yang Author-X-Name-First: Liya Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: Demand-driven timetable and stop pattern cooperative optimization on an urban rail transit line Abstract: This study proposes a modelling framework for the demand-driven train timetable and stop pattern cooperative optimization problem on an urban rail transit line. By embedding the train stop pattern into the timetable optimization process, we consider the minimization of total passenger travel time. A binary variable determination (BVD) method, which can transform complicated linear constraints into simple logical constraints, is proposed to calculate the large number of binary variables easily, and a genetic algorithm (GA) based on the BVD method is designed to solve the proposed model. A case study of the Batong line in the Beijing subway network is conducted to test the proposed model and algorithm. This study can provide beneficial advice for the operator to improve the operational service of urban rail transit lines. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 78-100 Issue: 1 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1701757 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1701757 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:1:p:78-100 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chanwoon Park Author-X-Name-First: Chanwoon Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Justin S. Chang Author-X-Name-First: Justin S. Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Title: Spatial equity of excess commuting by transit in Seoul Abstract: Excess commuting refers to wasteful journey-to-work travel, resulting from the non-optimal spatial configuration of residences and workplaces. Traditionally, this concept has been employed to analyse the efficiency of the urban structure. This paper, however, examines the spatial equity of excess commuting, which is an essential component of a sustainable urban transport system. The Gini coefficient and GIS mapping are used to measure this spatial equity, supported by data from Seoul’s Tmoney transit card system. Results show the vulnerable regions in terms of horizontal equity of excess commuting in Seoul. Transit supply and jobs-housing balance are identified as the core factors affecting excess commuting in relation to spatial disparities. However, an evaluation of Seoul’s ambitious plan of light-rail construction is considered to be not very helpful in mitigating the current spatial inequality of excess commuting in the city. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 101-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1701760 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1701760 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:1:p:101-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lambros K. Mitropoulos Author-X-Name-First: Lambros K. Author-X-Name-Last: Mitropoulos Author-Name: Panos D. Prevedouros Author-X-Name-First: Panos D. Author-X-Name-Last: Prevedouros Title: Incorporating sustainability assessment in transportation planning: an urban transportation vehicle-based approach Abstract: Environmental assessments are on the critical path for the development of land, infrastructure and transportation systems. These assessments are based on planning methods which, in turn, are subject to continuous enhancement. The substantial impacts of transportation on environment, society and economy strongly urge the incorporation of sustainability into transportation planning. Two major developments that enhance transportation sustainability are new fuels and vehicle power systems. Traditional planning ignores technology including the large differences among conventional, hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles and buses. The introduction of alternative fuel vehicles is likely to change the traditional transportation planning process because different characteristics need to be taken into account. In this study a sustainability framework is developed that enables assessment of transportation vehicle characteristics. Identified indicators are grouped in five sustainability dimensions (Environment, Technology, Energy, Economy and Users). Our methodology joins life cycle impacts and a set of quantified indicators to assess the sustainability performance of seven popular light-duty vehicles and two types of transit buses. Bus Rapid Transit receives the highest sustainability index and the pickup truck the lowest. Hybrid electric vehicles are found to have the highest sustainability index among all other passenger vehicles. A sensitivity analysis shows the proposed sustainability dimensions produce robust sustainability assessment for several weighting scenarios. The results are both technology and policy sensitive, thus useful for both short- and long-term planning. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 439-463 Issue: 5 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1174363 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1174363 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:5:p:439-463 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Weiquan Zhu Author-X-Name-First: Weiquan Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Author-Name: Xiaoguang Yang Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoguang Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: John Preston Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Preston Title: Efficiency measurement of bus routes and exogenous operating environment effects on efficiency Abstract: This study develops an independent efficiency measurement model framework of bus routes, so as to treat preferably the heterogeneous outputs in a data envelopment analysis (DEA)-based efficiency measurement. It then introduces four new exogenous operating environment factors at the microscopic level of bus routes, and applies the three-stage DEA approach to incorporate operating environment effects and statistical noise into the efficiency measurement framework. The main purpose is to measure impartially the managerial efficiency of bus routes, purged of operating environment effects and statistical noise, and additionally to investigate the operating environment effects on efficiency. An empirical analysis, based on 39 routes operated in Jiangyin City, China, is presented. The principal finding is that the adoption of the independent efficiency measurement model framework is reasonable and has many virtues. Moreover, the proposed approach could substantially provide decision support both for regulators and for producers of bus services. In addition, the operating environment does indeed significantly affect operating efficiency and quality efficiency, especially the latter. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 464-483 Issue: 5 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1174364 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1174364 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:5:p:464-483 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuntao Guo Author-X-Name-First: Yuntao Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Author-Name: Srinivas Peeta Author-X-Name-First: Srinivas Author-X-Name-Last: Peeta Author-Name: Fred Mannering Author-X-Name-First: Fred Author-X-Name-Last: Mannering Title: Rail-truck multimodal freight collaboration: a statistical analysis of freight-shipper perspectives Abstract: Due to the effects of congestion, capacity reduction of truck-freight carriers, growing freight transportation demand, and increasing social and environmental concerns, there is a critical need for freight shippers to improve shipping quality and reduce transportation costs. Rail-truck multimodal freight collaboration can potentially address this need. In this study, we explore freight-shipper perspectives relating to the factors that may foster or impede their usage of rail-truck multimodal freight collaboration services, and the correlations of their operational and behavioral characteristics with these factors. The study provides insights to rail and truck carriers on collaboration mechanisms that can address the needs of freight shippers, including adopting synergistic technology to improve in-transit visibility, accommodating non-containerized cargo, improving the transshipment process, designing service quality control strategies, and constructing investment and revenue-sharing plans. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 484-506 Issue: 5 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1174365 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1174365 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:5:p:484-506 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xinyuan Chen Author-X-Name-First: Xinyuan Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Zhiyuan Liu Author-X-Name-First: Zhiyuan Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Graham Currie Author-X-Name-First: Graham Author-X-Name-Last: Currie Title: Optimizing location and capacity of rail-based Park-and-Ride sites to increase public transport usage Abstract: This paper presents a new methodology to identify optimal locations and capacity for rail-based Park-and-Ride (P&R) sites to increase public transport mode share. P&R is usually taken as an important component of policies for the sustainable development of urban transport systems. However, previous studies reveal that arbitrarily determined P&R sites may act to reduce public transport commuting. This paper proposes a methodology for the optimal location and capacity design of P&R sites, with the aim of enhancing public transport usage. A Combined Mode Split and Traffic Assignment (CMSTA) model is proposed for the P&R scheme. Taking the CMSTA model as the lower level, a bi-level mathematical programming model is then built to establish the optimal location and capacity of P&R sites. A heuristic genetic algorithm is adopted to solve this model. Finally, a network example is adopted to test numerically the proposed models and algorithms. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 507-526 Issue: 5 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1174366 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1174366 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:5:p:507-526 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jelena Simićević Author-X-Name-First: Jelena Author-X-Name-Last: Simićević Author-Name: Nada Milosavljević Author-X-Name-First: Nada Author-X-Name-Last: Milosavljević Author-Name: Vladimir Djoric Author-X-Name-First: Vladimir Author-X-Name-Last: Djoric Title: Gender differences in travel behaviour and willingness to adopt sustainable behaviour Abstract: This paper presents pioneering research on gender differences in travel behaviour in southeastern Europe. The study analyses the socio-economic and main travel characteristics (particularly parking) of men and women. Additionally, it examines the influence of parking demand management measures on their behaviour, in terms of the willingness of men and women to reduce car use and to adopt more sustainable behaviour. The results reveal significant differences between genders in most of the characteristics examined. Moreover, it is shown that women are less car dependent and more sensitive to parking pricing and, therefore, more willing to replace a car journey with public transport. These findings suggest that gender should be an essential parameter when user behaviour is examined and modelled. Furthermore, the results indicate that gender differences must be considered when transport policy is created to affect the behaviour of men and women equally. The achievement of social equality is one of the primary objectives of sustainable development. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 527-537 Issue: 5 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1174367 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1174367 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:5:p:527-537 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Suresh Malodia Author-X-Name-First: Suresh Author-X-Name-Last: Malodia Author-Name: Harish Singla Author-X-Name-First: Harish Author-X-Name-Last: Singla Title: A study of carpooling behaviour using a stated preference web survey in selected cities of India Abstract: This paper analyses how people perceive the idea of carpooling and evaluate preferences while making a decision to join a carpool. Analysing data from a web-based stated preference survey in India reveals that cognitive attitudes play a significant role in evaluating the perceived advantages and disadvantages of carpooling whereas intentions to carpool are associated with perceived negative evaluations. A factor analysis identifies two latent attitudinal factors: a ‘time–convenience’ factor that discourages carpooling and a ‘private–public cost’ factor that encourages carpooling. The study analyses the influential attributes – extra travel time, walking time to reach meeting point, waiting time at pickup point and cost savings – as explanatory variables for the utility of carpooling. Cost savings prove to be the most significant attribute when combined with other attributes, followed by extra travel time. The study provides the implications to policy-makers of designing promotional tools to improve the propensity of carpooling among single occupant vehicle drivers. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 538-550 Issue: 5 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1174368 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1174368 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:5:p:538-550 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Corrigendum Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: iii-iii Issue: 5 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1185832 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1185832 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:5:p:iii-iii Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jonathan Levine Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Author-X-Name-Last: Levine Author-Name: Moira Zellner Author-X-Name-First: Moira Author-X-Name-Last: Zellner Author-Name: María Arquero de Alarcón Author-X-Name-First: María Author-X-Name-Last: Arquero de Alarcón Author-Name: Yoram Shiftan Author-X-Name-First: Yoram Author-X-Name-Last: Shiftan Author-Name: Dean Massey Author-X-Name-First: Dean Author-X-Name-Last: Massey Title: The impact of automated transit, pedestrian, and bicycling facilities on urban travel patterns Abstract: This article reports on an integrated modeling exercise, conducted on behalf of the US Federal Highway Administration, on the potential for frequent automated transit shuttles (‘community transit’), in conjunction with improvements to the walking and cycling environment, to overcome the last-mile problem of regional rail transit and thereby divert travelers away from car use. A set of interlocking investigations was undertaken, including development of urban visualizations, distribution of a home-based survey supporting a stated-preference model of mode choice, development of an agent-based model, and alignment of the mode-choice and agent-based models. The investigations were designed to produce best-case estimates of the impact of community transit and ancillary improvements in reducing car use. The models in combination suggested significant potential to divert drivers, especially in areas that were relatively transit-poor to begin with. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 463-480 Issue: 5 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1468968 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1468968 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:5:p:463-480 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Geoffrey Dudley Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey Author-X-Name-Last: Dudley Author-Name: David Banister Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Banister Title: Expertise in decision-making for large infrastructure projects: from UK trunk roads to High Speed Rail 2 Abstract: At the decision-making stage, a large-scale infrastructure project is essentially a broad concept, and this means the expert analyses will differ from each other and become contested over time, leading to the emergence of rival narratives. It is only where there is a limited range of expert analyses that the bases for decision-making will remain relatively clear-cut. Over time the contested nature of expertise can significantly inhibit the construction of effective narratives, either for or against the project, and also make decision-making more complex and problematic. Decision makers may also seek greater clarification through the construction of narratives that rise above these disputed areas of expertise, and the scientific evidence becomes less important. This paper examines the changing nature of contested expertise through a comparative analysis of political decision-making between UK trunk roads policy and the case of High Speed Rail 2, through the framework of epistemic communities. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 481-496 Issue: 5 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1468969 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1468969 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:5:p:481-496 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xinjun Lai Author-X-Name-First: Xinjun Author-X-Name-Last: Lai Author-Name: Zhi Li Author-X-Name-First: Zhi Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Jun Li Author-X-Name-First: Jun Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: Modeling risks and uncertainties in residents’ license choice behaviors under a vehicle restriction policy Abstract: Understanding residents’ perception and reaction to vehicle restriction policies is significant for transportation management. However, few studies have examined it from a behavioral and disaggregated perspective, particularly from people’s responses to uncertainties in choices, and their consequent behaviors under potential risks. This paper proposes a multi-level nested logit method to model sequential choice behaviors considering uncertainties under a vehicle license restriction policy. Prospect theory is applied, where a novel reference point is proposed based on instances of ‘whether a risk happens’ rather than a hard number which is difficult to obtain in reality. A case study in Guangzhou, China is presented, where a vehicle restriction policy has been applied for three years. Residents’ attitudes and preferences under uncertainties and different risks are revealed, and these factors are significant in predicting people’s future decisions while policy changes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 497-518 Issue: 5 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1468973 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1468973 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:5:p:497-518 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shunan Yu Author-X-Name-First: Shunan Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Zhongzhen Yang Author-X-Name-First: Zhongzhen Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: Optimizing express parcel networks and delivery schemes subject to timeliness tolerances Abstract: The ‘first come first served’ (FCFS) strategy usually adopted by air express companies does not consider delivery time tolerances and induces underuse of some facilities. This study relaxes the time tolerances and tackles the issue of parcel deliveries and transport network design for an express delivery company. In other words, it determines simultaneously the route loops of company-owned cargo aircraft, the amount of cargo space chartered for each link and the parcel delivery paths. Using a case study in which parcels must be delivered between 14 cities served by the SF Air Express Company, we find that FCFS is not the best approach for minimizing costs and that express companies can optimize both their delivery schemes and networks subject to some relaxed time tolerances. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 519-535 Issue: 5 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1469284 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1469284 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:5:p:519-535 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad Hesam Hafezi Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Hesam Author-X-Name-Last: Hafezi Author-Name: Naznin Sultana Daisy Author-X-Name-First: Naznin Author-X-Name-Last: Sultana Daisy Author-Name: Lei Liu Author-X-Name-First: Lei Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Hugh Millward Author-X-Name-First: Hugh Author-X-Name-Last: Millward Title: Daily activity and travel sequences of students, faculty and staff at a large Canadian university Abstract: This paper examines the activity engagement, sequencing and timing of activities for student, faculty and staff commuter groups at the largest university in the Maritime Provinces of Canada. The daily activity patterns of all university community groups are modeled using the classification and regression tree classifier algorithm. The data used for this study are derived from the Environmentally Aware Travel Diary Survey (EnACT) conducted in spring 2016 at Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia. Results show that there are significant differences in activity and travel behavior between university population segments and the general population in the region, and between campus groups. For example, students participate in more recreation activities compared to faculty and staff. They also take more trips to and from campus, and are more flexible in their scheduling of trips. The insights gained from this study will provide helpful information for promoting sustainability across university campuses, and for development of campus-based travel demand management strategies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 536-556 Issue: 5 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1469286 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1469286 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:5:p:536-556 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dick T. Apronti Author-X-Name-First: Dick T. Author-X-Name-Last: Apronti Author-Name: Khaled Ksaibati Author-X-Name-First: Khaled Author-X-Name-Last: Ksaibati Title: Four-step travel demand model implementation for estimating traffic volumes on rural low-volume roads in Wyoming Abstract: This study develops a four-step travel demand model for estimating traffic volumes for low-volume roads in Wyoming. The study utilizes urban travel behavior parameters and processes modified to reflect the rural and low-volume nature of Wyoming local roads. The methodology disaggregates readily available census block data to create transportation analysis zones adequate for estimating traffic on low-volume rural roads. After building an initial model, the predicted and actual traffic volumes are compared to develop a calibration factor for adjusting trip rates. The adjusted model is verified by comparing estimated and actual traffic volumes for 100 roads. The R-square value from fitting predicted to actual traffic volumes is determined to be 74% whereas the Percent Root Mean Square Error is found to be 50.3%. The prediction accuracy for the four-step travel demand model is found to be better than a regression model developed in a previous study. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 557-571 Issue: 5 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1469288 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1469288 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:5:p:557-571 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zhixiang Hou Author-X-Name-First: Zhixiang Author-X-Name-Last: Hou Author-Name: Yucai Zhou Author-X-Name-First: Yucai Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou Author-Name: Ronghua Du Author-X-Name-First: Ronghua Author-X-Name-Last: Du Title: Special issue on intelligent transportation systems, big data and intelligent technology Abstract: Based on the increasing demands of transportation development, the concept of an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has received increasing attention in both academic and industry arenas. It integrates information, communications, computers and other technologies, and applies them in the field of transportation to build an integrated system of people, roads and vehicles by utilizing advanced data communication technologies. It can establish a large, fully functioning, real-time, accurate and efficient transportation management system. Intelligent transportation systems shift the focus from road managers to road users. In order to achieve this purpose, intelligent transportation systems use advanced technology to provide drivers with convenient information to help reduce traffic congestion and to increase available road capacity. This special issue is dedicated to exploring the most recent advances in intelligent transportation systems and big data based on intelligent technology. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 747-750 Issue: 8 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1231893 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1231893 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:8:p:747-750 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gang Tao Author-X-Name-First: Gang Author-X-Name-Last: Tao Author-Name: Huansheng Song Author-X-Name-First: Huansheng Author-X-Name-Last: Song Author-Name: Jun Liu Author-X-Name-First: Jun Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Jiao Zou Author-X-Name-First: Jiao Author-X-Name-Last: Zou Author-Name: Yanxiang Chen Author-X-Name-First: Yanxiang Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: A traffic accident morphology diagnostic model based on a rough set decision tree Abstract: To build a traffic safety feature model and to quantify accident influences caused by some traffic violation behaviors of drivers, an accident diagnostic decision-making model is established. For the purpose of diagnosing accident morphologies, rough set theory is applied and the influence of traffic factors of different accident morphologies is quantified through calculating the degree of attribute importance, selecting core traffic factors and adopting a C4.5 decision tree algorithm. In the paper, road traffic accident data from 2008 to 2013 in Anhui Province are used. Typical rules are selected, targeted strategy proposals are put forward, and then, a scientific and reasonable diagnostic basis is provided for the diagnosis of traffic safety risks and the prediction of potential traffic accidents. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 751-758 Issue: 8 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1231894 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1231894 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:8:p:751-758 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Feigang Tan Author-X-Name-First: Feigang Author-X-Name-Last: Tan Author-Name: Ling Huang Author-X-Name-First: Ling Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Author-Name: Cong Zhai Author-X-Name-First: Cong Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai Author-Name: Minglei Song Author-X-Name-First: Minglei Author-X-Name-Last: Song Author-Name: Rong Zhuang Author-X-Name-First: Rong Author-X-Name-Last: Zhuang Author-Name: Weiming Liu Author-X-Name-First: Weiming Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Specific object re-identification across non-overlapping camera views in traffic accidents Abstract: To improve the robustness of object re-identification in complex outdoor environments for traffic safety systems, a novel object re-identification algorithm based on the Individual Similarity Difference Feature (ISDF) method is proposed. This method can provide reliable support for specific object tracking during traffic accidents in video surveillance networks. First, all the images in the gallery are divided into three parts according to a segmentation ratio, and six types of feature for each part are extracted. Second, prototypes for each feature of the three parts are constructed. Third, the image sequence of the same person is grouped, and then the ISDF is extracted from each image. Finally, we use the AdaBoost classifier to judge whether the two objects are matched and then output the final results. Extensive experiments are conducted on two public data sets (Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich and multi-camera object tracking). The performance of the object re-identification method is superior to the latest methods. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 759-767 Issue: 8 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1231895 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1231895 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:8:p:759-767 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jian Gao Author-X-Name-First: Jian Author-X-Name-Last: Gao Author-Name: Fan Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Fan Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Ling Sun Author-X-Name-First: Ling Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Author-Name: Honghai Li Author-X-Name-First: Honghai Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: A study of traveler behavior under traffic information-provided conditions in the Beijing area Abstract: The quality of traffic information has become one of the most important factors that can affect the distribution of urban and highway traffic flow by changing the travel route, transportation mode, and travel time of travelers and trips. Past research has revealed traveler behavior when traffic information is provided. This paper summarizes the related study achievements from a survey conducted in the Beijing area with a specially designed questionnaire considering traffic conditions and the provision of traffic information services. With the survey data, a Logit model is estimated, and the results indicate that travel time can be considered the most significant factor that affects highway travel mode choice between private vehicles and public transit, whereas trip purpose is the least significant factor for private vehicle usage for both urban and highway travel. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 768-778 Issue: 8 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1231896 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1231896 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:8:p:768-778 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yao-hua Li Author-X-Name-First: Yao-hua Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Feng You Author-X-Name-First: Feng Author-X-Name-Last: You Author-Name: Kang Chen Author-X-Name-First: Kang Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Ling Huang Author-X-Name-First: Ling Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Author-Name: Jian-min Xu Author-X-Name-First: Jian-min Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Title: A real-time system for monitoring driver fatigue Abstract: This paper presents a nonintrusive prototype computer vision system for real-time fatigue driving detection. First, we use Haar-like features to detect a driver’s face and conduct tracking by introducing an improved Camshift algorithm. Second, we propose a new eye-detection algorithm that combines the Adaboost algorithm with template matching to reduce computational costs and add an eye-validation process to increase the accuracy of the detection rate. Third, and different from other methods focusing on detecting eyes using the ‘bright pupil’ effect, which only works well only for certain constrained lighting conditions, our method detects and estimates the iris center in the hue (H) channel of the hue, saturation, value color space and fits the iris with an ellipse. After extracting the eye fatigue features, we calculate the PERCLOS measurement for fatigue evaluation. This system has been tested on the IMM Face Database, which contains more than 200 faces, and in a real-time test. The experimental results show that the system possesses good accuracy and robustness. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 779-790 Issue: 8 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1231897 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1231897 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:8:p:779-790 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yang Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Yang Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Dong-Rong Xin Author-X-Name-First: Dong-Rong Author-X-Name-Last: Xin Author-Name: Yi-Hu Wu Author-X-Name-First: Yi-Hu Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: Pedestrian detection for traffic safety based on Accumulate Binary Haar features and improved deep belief network algorithm Abstract: In order to improve traffic safety and protect pedestrians, an improved and efficient pedestrian detection method for auto driver assistance systems is proposed. Firstly, an improved Accumulate Binary Haar (ABH) feature extraction algorithm is proposed. In this novel feature, Haar features keep only the ordinal relationship named by binary Haar features. Then, the feature brings in the idea of a Local Binary Pattern (LBP), assembling several neighboring binary Haar features to improve discriminating power and reduce the effect of illumination. Next, a pedestrian classification method based on an improved deep belief network (DBN) classification algorithm is proposed. An improved method of input is constructed using a Restricted Bolzmann Machine (RBM) with T distribution function visible layer nodes, which can convert information on pedestrian features to a Bernoulli distribution, and the Bernoulli distribution can then be used for recognition. In addition, a middle layer of the RBM structure is created, which achieves data transfer between the hidden layer structure and keeps the key information. Finally, the cost-sensitive Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is used for the output of the classifier, which could address the class-imbalance problem. Extensive experiments show that the improved DBN pedestrian detection method is better than other shallow classic algorithms, and the proposed method is effective and sufficiently feasible for pedestrian detection in complex urban environments. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 791-800 Issue: 8 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1231898 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1231898 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:8:p:791-800 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cong Zhai Author-X-Name-First: Cong Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai Author-Name: Weiming Liu Author-X-Name-First: Weiming Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Feigang Tan Author-X-Name-First: Feigang Author-X-Name-Last: Tan Author-Name: Ling Huang Author-X-Name-First: Ling Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Author-Name: Minglei Song Author-X-Name-First: Minglei Author-X-Name-Last: Song Title: Feedback control strategy of a new car-following model based on reducing traffic accident rates Abstract: To reduce the traffic accident death rate effectively and alleviate the traffic congestion phenomenon, this study proposes a new type of car-following model under the influence of drivers’ time-varying delay response time. Based on Lyapunov function theory, this paper reduces the traffic accident rate problem to the stability issues of the new model. By constructing suitable Lyapunov functions and using the linear matrix inequality method, the stability problem of the new car-following model is studied. The model, under the action of the controller, can effectively restrain traffic congestion. Using the traffic accident rate model proposed by Solomon, compared with the car-following model without the controller, the model under the controller shows a stronger convergence. This also means that the traffic congestion phenomenon has been effectively suppressed while greatly reducing the mortality rate of traffic accidents. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 801-812 Issue: 8 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1231900 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1231900 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:8:p:801-812 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jia-ni Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Jia-ni Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Jing Lv Author-X-Name-First: Jing Author-X-Name-Last: Lv Title: Comparing prediction methods for maritime accidents Abstract: The purpose of maritime accident prediction is to reasonably forecast an accident occurring in the future. In determining the level of maritime traffic management safety, it is important to analyze development trends of existing traffic conditions. Common prediction methods for maritime accidents include regression analysis, grey system models (GM) and exponential smoothing. In this study, a brief introduction is provided that discusses the aforementioned prediction models, including the associated methods and characteristics of each analysis, which form the basis for an attempt to apply a residual error correction model designed to optimize the grey system model. Based on the results, in which the model is verified using two different types of maritime accident data (linear smooth type and random-fluctuation type, respectively), the prediction accuracy and the applicability were validated. A discussion is then presented on how to apply the Markov model as a way to optimize the grey system model. This method, which proved to be correct in terms of prediction accuracy and applicability, is explored through empirical analysis. Although the accuracy of the residual error correction model is usually higher than the accuracy of the original GM (1,1), the effect of the Markov correction model is not always superior to the original GM (1,1). In addition, the accuracy of the former model depends on the characteristics of the original data, the status partition and the determination method for the status transition matrix. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 813-825 Issue: 8 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1231901 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1231901 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:8:p:813-825 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Editorial Board Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: ebi-ebi Issue: 8 Volume: 39 Year: 2016 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2016.1238596 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2016.1238596 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:39:y:2016:i:8:p:ebi-ebi Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim Author-X-Name-First: Tae-Hyoung Tommy Author-X-Name-Last: Gim Title: Investigating travel utility elements in association with travel time and mode choice: the case of Seoul, South Korea Abstract: In this paper, travel utility is conceptualized into the elements of disutility, or derived utility, and positive utility, which includes synergistic and intrinsic utility, and then analyzed in terms of the effects of these elements on weekly travel time according to three travel modes – the automobile, public transit, and nonmotorized modes – and on the choice of the annually most used mode. Linear regressions on mode-specific travel time and a multinomial logistic regression on mode choice show that, compared to life situation and land-use characteristics, utility elements are among the strongest travel determinants. Specifically, while some utility elements contribute exclusively to shifting the mode of travel and others to increasing nonmotorized travel, modal shift is most strongly affected by a disutility element, trip timeliness, and the increase in nonmotorized travel by a positive utility element, amenities. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 641-660 Issue: 6 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1325136 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1325136 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:6:p:641-660 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Masayoshi Tanishita Author-X-Name-First: Masayoshi Author-X-Name-Last: Tanishita Author-Name: Bert van Wee Author-X-Name-First: Bert Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee Title: Impact of regional population density on walking behavior Abstract: Land use can influence walking (measured by the number of steps) and so the health of people. This paper presents the result of empirical research on the impact of regional population densities (inhabitants per inhabitable area) on the number of steps (all steps, both outdoors and indoors). With data collected from almost 11,000 respondents in 148 Japanese regions, we estimate polynomial regression models, the total number of steps being the dependent variable and densities being the main independent variable. Regional population density significantly affects the number of steps after controlling for individual and household attributes. The estimated population density that maximizes the number of steps is around 11,000 persons/km2. Increasing densities, up to levels of around 11,000 inhabitants/km2, could increase walking and consequently the health of inhabitants. The population density elasticity of the number of steps is 0.046–0.049 in a simple log linear regression model without a peak. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 661-678 Issue: 6 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1325137 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1325137 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:6:p:661-678 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xuesong Feng Author-X-Name-First: Xuesong Author-X-Name-Last: Feng Author-Name: Mitsuru Saito Author-X-Name-First: Mitsuru Author-X-Name-Last: Saito Author-Name: Quan Wang Author-X-Name-First: Quan Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Reducing average comprehensive travel cost by rationally allocating trips to different travel modes Abstract: To study the effect of different transport policies on reducing the average comprehensive travel cost (CTC) of all travel modes, by increasing public transport modal share and decreasing car trips, an optimization model is developed based on travel cost utility. A nested logit model is applied to analyze trip modal split. A Genetic Algorithm is then used to determine the implementation of optimal solutions in which various transport policies are applied in order to reduce average CTC. The central urban region of Beijing is selected as the study area in this research. Different policies are analyzed for comparison, focusing on their optimal impacts on minimizing the average CTC utility of all travel modes by rationally allocating trips to different travel modes in the study area. It is found that the proposed optimization model provides a reasonable indication of the effect of policies applied. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 679-688 Issue: 6 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1325144 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1325144 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:6:p:679-688 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xuemei Fu Author-X-Name-First: Xuemei Author-X-Name-Last: Fu Author-Name: Zhicai Juan Author-X-Name-First: Zhicai Author-X-Name-Last: Juan Title: An integrated framework to jointly model decisions of activity time allocation and work-related travel Abstract: Five activity-travel choice dimensions, including three activity time allocation decisions and two work-related travel choices, are jointly modeled using the structural equation model in order to accommodate the complex interactions among them. Via a two-step estimation approach, the behavioral pattern underlying activity-travel decisions is explicitly revealed. For example, it demonstrates the priority with respect to subsistence activity, maintenance activity, and recreation activity due to a limited time budget; and bus commuting behavior positively influences the time allocated to the maintenance activity. In addition, two attitudinal factors are constructed and confirmed to have important effects on the five behavioral dimensions, which contribute to reveal the decision-making process from the perspective of psychology. This comprehensive framework is expected to provide important implications for mobility management and urban planning. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 689-705 Issue: 6 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1325145 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1325145 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:6:p:689-705 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nam Seok Kim Author-X-Name-First: Nam Seok Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Seung Sub Yoon Author-X-Name-First: Seung Sub Author-X-Name-Last: Yoon Author-Name: Donghyung Yook Author-X-Name-First: Donghyung Author-X-Name-Last: Yook Title: Performance comparison between pedestrian push-button and pre-timed pedestrian crossings at midblock: a Korean case study Abstract: Walking has been highlighted as an independent transportation mode as well as an access/egress mode to/from public transit to encourage the use of more sustainable transport systems. However, walking does not seem to have priority over other transportation modes, especially in areas where various modes of movement are in conflict. The pedestrian push-button system seems to be a solution to distribute the right of way. The focus of this study is on the performance issue of the pedestrian push-button. Specifically, this study deals with issues related to mid-block crossings and attempts to answer two questions: whose waiting time is longer at pre-timed and push-button crossings, pedestrians, or vehicles? and which system – pre-timed or push-button – is better in terms of total waiting time? According to our simulation analyses, if the pedestrian flow rate is less than 120, 85, and 70 ped/h for two-, three-, and four-lane roads, respectively, the push-button system is recommended. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 706-721 Issue: 6 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1325146 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1325146 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:6:p:706-721 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xia Luo Author-X-Name-First: Xia Author-X-Name-Last: Luo Author-Name: Shuozhi Liu Author-X-Name-First: Shuozhi Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Peter J. Jin Author-X-Name-First: Peter J. Author-X-Name-Last: Jin Author-Name: Xiaowen Jiang Author-X-Name-First: Xiaowen Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang Author-Name: Hongfei Ding Author-X-Name-First: Hongfei Author-X-Name-Last: Ding Title: A connected-vehicle-based dynamic control model for managing the bus bunching problem with capacity constraints Abstract: This paper describes a connected-vehicle-based system architecture which can provide more precise and comprehensive information on bus movements and passenger status. Then a dynamic control method is proposed using connected vehicle data. Traditionally, the bus bunching problem has been formulated into one of two types of optimization problem. The first uses total passenger time cost as the objective function and capacity, safe headway, and other factors as constraints. Due to the large number of scenarios considered, this type of framework is inefficient for real-time implementation. The other type uses headway adherence as the objective and applies a feedback control framework to minimize headway variations. Due to the simplicity in the formulation and solution algorithms, the headway-based models are more suitable for real-time transit operations. However, the headway-based feedback control framework proposed in the literature still assumes homogeneous conditions at all bus stations, and does not consider restricting passenger loads within the capacity constraints. In this paper, a dynamic control framework is proposed to improve not only headway adherence but also maintain the stability of passenger load within bus capacity in both homogenous and heterogeneous situations at bus stations. The study provides the stability conditions for optimal control with heterogeneous bus conditions and derives optimal control strategies to minimize passenger transit cost while maintaining vehicle loading within capacity constraints. The proposed model is validated with a numerical analysis and case study based on field data collected in Chengdu, China. The results show that the proposed model performs well on high-demand bus routes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 722-740 Issue: 6 Volume: 40 Year: 2017 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2017.1325147 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2017.1325147 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:40:y:2017:i:6:p:722-740 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joana Cavadas Author-X-Name-First: Joana Author-X-Name-Last: Cavadas Author-Name: António Pais Antunes Author-X-Name-First: António Pais Author-X-Name-Last: Antunes Title: Optimization-based study of the location of park-and-ride facilities Abstract: Park-and-ride facilities are parking lots located on the periphery of cities to intercept car trips coming from the suburbs and diverting them to a transit system, thus playing a potentially important role in reducing traffic congestion and air pollution in urban areas. In this paper, we present a study carried out to shed light on where to install park-and-ride facilities in the city of Coimbra, central Portugal. Its main component is an optimization model which aims to determine the best possible locations for a given number of park-and-ride facilities under the objective of minimizing car use in the urban areas. The main result of the study is that the introduction of only three park-and-ride facilities could reduce car use in Coimbra's urban areas by 19%, an impact that would be very difficult to achieve through measures such as decreasing bus fares, increasing parking fees and/or increasing bus services. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 201-226 Issue: 3 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1576380 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1576380 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:3:p:201-226 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shaila Jamal Author-X-Name-First: Shaila Author-X-Name-Last: Jamal Author-Name: Muhammad Ahsanul Habib Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Ahsanul Author-X-Name-Last: Habib Title: Investigation of the use of smartphone applications for trip planning and travel outcomes Abstract: This paper explores the use of smartphone applications for trip planning and travel outcomes using data derived from a survey conducted in Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 2015. The study provides empirical evidence of relationships of smartphone use for trip planning (e.g. departure time, destination, mode choice, coordinating trips and performing tasks online) and resulting travel outcomes (e.g. vehicle kilometers traveled, social gathering, new place visits, and group trips) and associated factors. Several sets of factors such as socio-economic characteristics and travel characteristics are tested and interpreted. Results suggest that smartphone applications mostly influence younger individuals’ trip planning decisions. Transit pass owners are the frequent users of smartphone applications for trip planning. Findings suggest that transit pass owners commonly use smartphone applications for deciding departure times and mode choices. The study also identifies the limited impact of smartphone application use on reducing travel outcomes, such as vehicle kilometers traveled. The highest impact is in visiting new places (a 48.8% increase). The study essentially offers an original in-depth understanding of how smartphone applications are affecting everyday travel. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 227-243 Issue: 3 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1576381 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1576381 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:3:p:227-243 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Tanko Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Tanko Author-Name: Matthew I. Burke Author-X-Name-First: Matthew I. Author-X-Name-Last: Burke Author-Name: Barbara Yen Author-X-Name-First: Barbara Author-X-Name-Last: Yen Title: Water transit and excess travel: discrete choice modelling of bus and ferry trips in Brisbane, Australia Abstract: Recent investment in urban ferry transport has created interest in what value such systems provide in a public transport network. In some cases, ferry services are in direct competition with other land-based transport, and despite often longer travel times passengers still choose water transport. This paper seeks to identify a premium attached to urban water transit through an identification of excess travel patterns. A one-month sample of smart card transaction data for Brisbane, Australia, was used to compare bus and ferry origin–destination pairs between a selected suburban location and the central business district. Logistic regression of the data found that ferry travel tended towards longer travel times (OR = 2.282), suggesting passengers do derive positive utility from ferry journeys. The research suggests the further need to incorporate non-traditional measures other than travel time for deciding the value of water transit systems. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 244-256 Issue: 3 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1576382 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1576382 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:3:p:244-256 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Phillip Smith Author-X-Name-First: Phillip Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Title: Exploring public transport sustainability with neutrosophic logic Abstract: Sustainable transportation is a significant component of overall sustainable development. Increasingly, evaluation and decision-making with respect to major complex projects (for example, transportation and land use projects), a multiple attribute perspective is taken. This paper illustrates a multiple attribute decision-making approach for selecting sustainable public transportation systems under uncertainty, that is, with partial or incomplete information represented by single-valued neutrosophic sets (SVNSs). A SVNS is a generalization of a classical set, a fuzzy set, and an intuitionistic fuzzy set. Here, SVNSs and SVNS connectives are illustrated in the context of a ‘Public Transit Sustainable Mobility Analysis Tool’ (PTSMAT) which involves a composite (multiple attribute) sustainability index. A case study of PTSMAT is provided for the UBC Corridor study in Vancouver, Canada. As expected, similar results are obtained to the original study, though the neutrosophic formalism opens a wide range of possibilities for recognition of uncertainty in sustainability assessment. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 257-273 Issue: 3 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1576383 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1576383 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:3:p:257-273 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tao Feng Author-X-Name-First: Tao Author-X-Name-Last: Feng Author-Name: Harry J. P. Timmermans Author-X-Name-First: Harry J. P. Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans Title: Integrated imputation of activity-travel diaries incorporating the measurement of uncertainty Abstract: Procedures to transform GPS tracks into activity-travel diaries have been increasingly addressed due to their potential benefit to replace traditional methods used in travel surveys. Existing approaches for data annotation however are not sufficiently accurate, which normally involves a prompted recall survey for data validation. Imputation algorithms for transportation mode detection seem to be largely dependent on speed-related features, which may blur the quality of classification results, especially with transportation modes having similar speeds. Therefore, in this paper we propose an enhanced integrated imputation approach by incorporating the critical indicators related to trip patterns, reflecting the effects of uncertain travel environments, including bus stops and speed percentiles. A two-step procedure which embeds a segmentation model and a transportation mode inference model is designed and examined based on purified prompted recall data collected in a large-scale travel survey. Results show the superior performance of the proposed approach, where the overall accuracy at trip level reaches 93.2% and 88.1% for training and surveyed data, respectively. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 274-292 Issue: 3 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1576384 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1576384 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:3:p:274-292 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sheng Wei Author-X-Name-First: Sheng Author-X-Name-Last: Wei Author-Name: Jiangang Xu Author-X-Name-First: Jiangang Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Author-Name: Haitao Ma Author-X-Name-First: Haitao Author-X-Name-Last: Ma Title: Exploring public bicycle network structure based on complex network theory and shortest path analysis: the public bicycle system in Yixing, China Abstract: A well-functioning public bicycle system relates not only to its mode of operation, vehicle allocation, rental station layout and vehicle leasing configuration, but also the bicycle network structure and its formation. However, the latter aspects have been widely overlooked in China. Here, we help to further attract more researchers to conduct relevant studies and make suggestions for the development of public bicycle transport in many small and medium-sized cities across the world. We demonstrate how to explore the public bicycle network structure of a county-level Chinese city – Yixing – known for its clay ware and tourism. We show that complex network theory and shortest path analysis technology are useful in characterizing the public bicycle network structure, in aspects such as network topology, the spatial distribution of sub-networks and traffic flows. Finally, the paper proposes relevant urban planning strategies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 293-307 Issue: 3 Volume: 42 Year: 2019 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2019.1576385 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2019.1576385 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:42:y:2019:i:3:p:293-307 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiafu Tang Author-X-Name-First: Jiafu Author-X-Name-Last: Tang Author-Name: Kai-Leung Yung Author-X-Name-First: Kai-Leung Author-X-Name-Last: Yung Author-Name: Andrew Ip Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Ip Author-Name: Shixin Liu Author-X-Name-First: Shixin Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Synchronized Production and Transportation Planning Using Subcontracted Vehicles in a Production-Distribution Network Abstract: Effective management of interfaces between procurement, supply, production and distribution for higher efficiency in the supply chain is an important issue in global manufacturing, where the synchronization of production and transportation planning represents important savings in operational costs. This paper focuses on the synchronization of production planning and transportation planning in a production distribution network, where transportation is subcontracted to a professional transportation enterprise (PTE) for vehicle-hiring. Dynamic and flexible numbers of vehicles are used to cater for fast changing market demands. Thus, the number of vehicles to be hired is viewed from the planning point of view as an operational decision considered simultaneously with production and transportation planning. A mathematical model – SPTP/MTDS – for synchronized production and transportation planning under multiple times and direct shipping strategy (MTDS) is discussed, and a Lagrange relaxation decomposition-based two layer decision procedure (LRD-TLDP) is developed. By introducing artificial decision variables and Lagrange multipliers, SPTP/MTDS is decomposed into a production decision sub-problem (SPTP-PD), and a distribution decision sub-problem (SPTP-DD). A priority-based assignment heuristic and a partial chain-based genetic algorithm are developed to solve SPTP-PD and SPTP-DD, respectively. An illustration of the application of the model in an electronic appliance manufacturing enterprise in China is presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 113-146 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701390528 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701390528 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:2-3:p:113-146 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shwu-Ping Guo Author-X-Name-First: Shwu-Ping Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Title: Internalization of Transportation External Costs: Impact Analysis of Logistics Company Mode and Route Choices Abstract: This study focuses on the mode and route choices of a logistics company in a situation involving intercity transportation with networks of surface roads, highways and a railway. A method of transportation network analysis is applied to construct a logistics company mode and route choice models with the objective of minimizing total distribution and external costs. This study also assumes that the fleet number and vehicle capacities are given. Freight distributed from a distribution center to given retailers or consumers via surface road/highway links or via intermodal transportation involving surface road/highway links and a railway. In terms of model construction, this study first explores the routing and sequence of the retailers and consumers served by each vehicle. Second, the study internalizes the external cost of air pollution into the total distribution cost, to analyze the influences of external cost burdens on a logistics company mode and route choices from a user charge perspective. Finally, the study designs a heuristic algorithm for solving the above models, and illuminates the modeling process using a numerical example. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 147-165 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701390569 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701390569 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:2-3:p:147-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ping Ji Author-X-Name-First: Ping Author-X-Name-Last: Ji Author-Name: Kejia Chen Author-X-Name-First: Kejia Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: The Vehicle Routing Problem: The Case of the Hong Kong Postal Service Abstract: With the growth in population and development of business activities in Hong Kong, the range and level of services provided by Hongkong Post have multiplied. However, the schedule of its postal vehicles, including mail collection and delivery, is still constructed manually on a daily basis, based on the experience of staff and transportation reviews. In this paper, the problem of scheduling a set of n collection points (District Post Offices) from a depot (General Post Office) in Hong Kong Island is addressed. The objectives pursued are the maximization of resource utilization and minimization of operation costs. In other words, the variable cost is expected to be reduced. To achieve these goals, an integer linear programming (IP) model of the vehicle routing problem (VRP) is developed in an effort to obtain optimal solutions. As the model involves computational complexity, a commercial software package CPLEX is used to solve the problems efficiently. The results show that the proposed model can produce optimal vehicle routes and schedules. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 167-182 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701390841 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701390841 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:2-3:p:167-182 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Holdsworth Author-X-Name-First: N. Author-X-Name-Last: Holdsworth Author-Name: M. P. Enoch Author-X-Name-First: M. P. Author-X-Name-Last: Enoch Author-Name: S. G. Ison Author-X-Name-First: S. G. Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Title: Examining the Political and Practical Reality of Bus-based Real Time Passenger Information Abstract: Enhancing the bus experience through improved information provision is a key element of UK Government transport policy. Real time passenger information (RTPI) is perceived to reassure waiting passengers, to benefit the bus operator through increased revenue and the local authority, by promoting social inclusion and achieving a modal shift. RTPI also provides an important tool for operators by allowing them to monitor services and refine their schedules. The aim of this paper is to understand the reasons for implementing RTPI in the bus sector, and to determine the key issues impacting on the likely success of such a policy. A case study approach investigates the experiences of two provincial towns in the UK. The paper suggests that, whilst it is unclear whether RTPI has resulted in an increase in bus patronage, it is considered to be most effective when combined as part of a package of measures. It is intended that the findings from the two case studies will reveal lessons of relevance to authorities contemplating the introduction of RTPI. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 183-204 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701390874 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701390874 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:2-3:p:183-204 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anders Wretstrand Author-X-Name-First: Anders Author-X-Name-Last: Wretstrand Title: Comfort and Safety as Perceived by Wheelchair-Seated Bus Passengers Abstract: Wheelchair-seated passengers on European and Swedish urban transit buses can travel rearwards, resting against a bulkhead, without the use of tie-down equipment. However, users sometimes disapprove of being the only passengers who have to travel rearwards, and also unrestrained. In order to investigate comfort and safety as perceived by wheelchair-seated bus passengers riding either forwards or rearwards, an experimental field study was carried out. Participating subjects were 31 wheelchair users and a group of 44 ambulant passengers. Each subject made two consecutive, identical 15-minute trips, randomly beginning either forwards or backwards, and interviews were conducted after each trip. During the trips, three-axis bus motion was recorded. The concept of categorization was used as a theoretical background and basis for discussion of the comfort and safety constructs. The results indicated that while the majority preferred the forward-facing position regarding comfort issues, a minority felt that the level of perceived safety was better. Wheelchair-seated passengers were more positive towards the rearward position than the ambulant group. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 205-224 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701390890 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701390890 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:2-3:p:205-224 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chang Yi Author-X-Name-First: Chang Author-X-Name-Last: Yi Author-Name: Benjamin Rasmussen Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin Author-X-Name-Last: Rasmussen Author-Name: Daniel Rodriguez Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Rodriguez Title: Understanding the Relationship Between Physical and Virtual Representations of Transit Agencies Abstract: This study examines whether physical attributes of transit agencies, such as agency size, make a difference in how transit websites are designed, and how transit information is distributed. The objective of this study is to see if there is a relationship between physical and virtual representations of transit agencies. A rating instrument is developed for evaluating the quality of transit websites. Our findings suggest that transit agency size plays a key role in determining website quality: When the size of transit system is large, the information about the agency is too complex to be effectively presented on web pages. Thus, the quality of the large agencies’ websites is lower than medium-sized agencies. Instead, we find that large agencies attempt to design more user-friendly sites, and provide advanced information searching tools to compensate for low information quality. Policy implications for transit agencies are discussed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 225-247 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701395485 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701395485 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:2-3:p:225-247 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luis Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: Luis Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira Author-Name: Phil Charles Author-X-Name-First: Phil Author-X-Name-Last: Charles Author-Name: Clara Tether Author-X-Name-First: Clara Author-X-Name-Last: Tether Title: Evaluating Flexible Transport Solutions Abstract: Flexible transport services (FTS) have been of increasing interest in developing countries as a bridge between the use of personal car travel and fixed route transit services. This paper reports on findings from a recent study in Queensland Australia, which identified lessons from an international review and implications for Australia. Potential strategic directions, including a vision, mission, key result areas, strategies, and identified means of measuring performance are described. Evaluation criteria for assessing flexible transport proposals were developed, and approaches to identifying and assessing needs and demands outlined. The use of emerging technologies is also a key element of successful flexible transport services. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 249-269 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701395501 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701395501 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:2-3:p:249-269 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Satu Innamaa Author-X-Name-First: Satu Author-X-Name-Last: Innamaa Title: Online Prediction of Travel Time: Experience From a Pilot Trial Abstract: This study was designed to present an online model which predicted travel times on an interurban two-lane two-way highway section on the basis of field measurements. The study included two parts: an evaluation of the performance of the model, and an examination of the possibility to improve the model in case of unsatisfactory performance. The model was based on MLP neural networks. The main results of the evaluation showed that the prediction model outperformed a non-predictive system. However, the model for one section had not performed as well during the trial period as was expected. This might be due to a slight change in the congestion phenomenon. After further development, the findings showed that the model could be improved considerably with new data. The main implication was that even a simple prediction model improves the quality of travel time information substantially, compared to estimates based directly on the latest measurements. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 271-287 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701395535 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701395535 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:2-3:p:271-287 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cathy MacHaris Author-X-Name-First: Cathy Author-X-Name-Last: MacHaris Author-Name: Joeri Van Mierlo Author-X-Name-First: Joeri Author-X-Name-Last: Van Mierlo Author-Name: Peter Van Den Bossche Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Van Den Bossche Title: Combining Intermodal Transport With Electric Vehicles: Towards More Sustainable Solutions Abstract: This paper analyses the feasibility of incorporating electric or hybrid vehicles in intermodal transport for the transportation of containers in the pre- and post haulage (PPH) operation. In Europe, the intermodal transport market is being strongly supported, as it is seen as one of the keystones of a sustainable mobility system policy. The introduction of environmentally friendly electric/hybrid vehicles for the pre- and post haulage operation would mean a further enhancement leading to a more complete ecological intermodal transport chain. PPH operations are usually no longer than 30 km, and, hence, could possibly be handled by electric or hybrid vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) combine electric and other drive systems, such as internal combustion engines, gas turbines and fuel cells. Hybrid electric vehicles merge the zero pollution and high efficiency benefits of electric traction with the high fuel energy density benefits of an energy source or thermal engine. The use of electrically driven vehicles for goods distribution has already been successfully proven in international demonstration projects, such as ELCIDIS. Transport of intermodal units (such as ISO containers), however, requires electric/hybrid heavy-duty goods vehicles, which are not readily available on the market, but for which the technology exists. Different possibilities are assessed as to their technical, financial, organizational and environmental feasibility and suitability. This analysis is based on a typical mission for pre-and post haulage operations, such as type of trips, distance, frequency, urban/suburban, etc. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 311-323 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701395618 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701395618 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:2-3:p:311-323 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yaser Hawas Author-X-Name-First: Yaser Author-X-Name-Last: Hawas Title: A Microscopic Simulation Model for Incident Modeling in Urban Networks Abstract: This paper reviews the main modules of an integrated system for incident management in real-time, -sim. A core to such a system is a microscopic simulator with extended abilities to model the temporal and spatial evolution of specified non-recurrent traffic conditions. The paper reviews the mathematical formulation of the car-following and lane-changing modules. The model is validated using a simulation-based approach. Concluding comments on the general validation process of the model are provided. The paper finally presents a sample of the accident patterns replicated by the model together with their implications for real world validation. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 289-309 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 30 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060701398117 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060701398117 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:30:y:2007:i:2-3:p:289-309 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zachary Vander Laan Author-X-Name-First: Zachary Author-X-Name-Last: Vander Laan Author-Name: Paul Schonfeld Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Schonfeld Title: Modeling heterogeneous traffic with cooperative adaptive cruise control vehicles: A first-order macroscopic perspective Abstract: This paper proposes a modeling framework to characterize steady-state traffic flow relations for heterogeneous traffic composed of both standard (S) and Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC, labeled C here) vehicles, capturing the impact of C market penetration and vehicle sequence within a lane. The resulting parameterized fundamental diagram is then integrated with a first-order macroscopic traffic model, allowing us to characterize the operational performance on a network for heterogeneous traffic with varying C market penetration rates. This approach is demonstrated through an illustrative case study which considers a small freeway section with time-varying demand, merging traffic from an entrance ramp, and C market penetration ranging from 0.0–1.0. The results indicate that maximum throughput does not change appreciably as C traffic is first introduced, but eventually increases significantly for mid-to-high C penetration rates. Additionally, it shows that increasing C market penetration and separating vehicle classes slows upstream congestion propagation. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 113-140 Issue: 2 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1717127 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1717127 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:2:p:113-140 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yongsheng Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Yongsheng Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Enjian Yao Author-X-Name-First: Enjian Author-X-Name-Last: Yao Author-Name: Kangning Zheng Author-X-Name-First: Kangning Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng Author-Name: Hao Xu Author-X-Name-First: Hao Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Title: Metro passenger’s path choice model estimation with travel time correlations derived from smart card data Abstract: Smart card data provides a new perspective for estimating a metro passenger’s path choice model in a large-scale urban rail transit network with multiple alternative paths between origin-destination pairs. However, existing research does not consider correlations of path travel times among alternative paths when using smart card data for estimation purposes, leading to biased estimations. This paper proposes an approach to estimating the path choice model considering path travel time correlations. In particular, a simplified form of measuring path travel time correlations caused by shared links is proposed to improve estimation efficiency. Then a framework for a linking path choice model and smart card data is developed based on a Gaussian mixture model; an expectation maximization-based estimation algorithm is also provided. Finally, taking the Guangzhou Metro in China as an example, the superiority of estimations based on smart card data considering correlations is observed in both statistical terms and predictions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 141-157 Issue: 2 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1717135 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1717135 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:2:p:141-157 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ida Kristoffersson Author-X-Name-First: Ida Author-X-Name-Last: Kristoffersson Author-Name: Svante Berglund Author-X-Name-First: Svante Author-X-Name-Last: Berglund Author-Name: Staffan Algers Author-X-Name-First: Staffan Author-X-Name-Last: Algers Title: Estimation of a large-scale tour generation model taking travellers’ daily tour patterns into account Abstract: Tour generation is conventionally modelled separately according to tour purpose. Tours with different purposes are, however, in reality not generated independently of each other. For example, few travellers conduct more than three tours per day. In this paper, the conventional tour generation model is extended into estimation of a model that takes travellers’ daily tour patterns into account. Results show that access to a car and a drivers’ licence, having a job and presence of children in the household increase the probability of making many tours in one day. Furthermore, results show that accessibility is an important factor for the generation of non-mandatory tours, that weekends and holiday seasons are important determinants of when tour purposes are generated, that high income increases the probability of conducting business tours as well as tour patterns that include expensive activities, and that high income reduces the probability of conducting inexpensive activities such as visiting friends and family. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 158-173 Issue: 2 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1717137 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1717137 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:2:p:158-173 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Theodora Konstantinou Author-X-Name-First: Theodora Author-X-Name-Last: Konstantinou Author-Name: Konstantinos Kepaptsoglou Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos Author-X-Name-Last: Kepaptsoglou Author-Name: Panteleimon Kopelias Author-X-Name-First: Panteleimon Author-X-Name-Last: Kopelias Title: Mobile vehicle emission inspection service optimization: a flow intercepting location model and application Abstract: Emission screening and control for motorized traffic is mandatory in most countries worldwide. However, there may be cases that periodic inspections in permanent establishments may be inefficient and fail to enforce emission regulations among moving vehicles. In such cases, authorities deploy mobile inspection units, which perform random vehicle emission screening. This is particularly necessary for incoming and through traffic of origins not within the jurisdiction of local authorities. This paper investigates the problem of efficiently designing such a mobile inspection service, under resource availability and space constraints. The problem is addressed as a flow interception location model, formulated as a non-linear – integer mathematical programming model and solved using a genetic algorithm. The model is demonstrated for the case of the city of Alexandroupoli and results are discussed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 174-187 Issue: 2 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1717138 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1717138 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:2:p:174-187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kwang-Sub Lee Author-X-Name-First: Kwang-Sub Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Jin Ki Eom Author-X-Name-First: Jin Author-X-Name-Last: Ki Eom Title: Development and spatial transferability of hourly activity space attraction models by activity type at a census block level Abstract: Activity spaces are places in which people participate in an activity during a certain time period, serving as the starting or ending point of a trip. Previous studies on trip generation or attraction models have been limited to aggregated spatial and temporal scales. Extending recent research on the application of mobile phone data to transportation models and particularly addressing the above-mentioned limitations, this study investigates temporal and spatial characteristics of hourly activity space attractiveness by activity type at finer spatial (e.g. census block) and temporal (e.g. hourly) resolutions. We construct hourly activity space attraction models in the daytime for four activity types, including work, private education, shopping, and recreation in Gangnam, Korea. The models are log-transformed or square-root-transformed multiple regression models. We also test the spatial transferability of the Gangnam model to the area of Seocho, Korea. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 188-207 Issue: 2 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1717141 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1717141 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:2:p:188-207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tatjana Krstić Simić Author-X-Name-First: Tatjana Author-X-Name-Last: Krstić Simić Author-Name: Obrad Babić Author-X-Name-First: Obrad Author-X-Name-Last: Babić Title: Influence of airport airside area layouts and air traffic management tactics on flight cost efficiency Abstract: This paper deals with an investigation of the influence of different airport airside area layouts/configurations and Air Traffic Management (ATM) tactics on flight efficiency in terms of time and costs. For given airport layouts/configurations, air traffic demand, and different ATM tactics, some experiments are performed using SIMMOD simulation. Aircraft throughputs and delays, fuel consumption and noise and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are estimated and evaluated. Based on these, flights time and cost inefficiencies are calculated taking into account the cost of fuel consumed, noise generated and GHG emissions, and crew and passenger delays. An analysis of derived inefficiency indicators shows that different airport airside area layouts and ATM tactics could result in different airport functioning efficiencies, which further imply significantly different time and cost efficiency of the flights concerned. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 208-222 Issue: 2 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1717142 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1717142 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:2:p:208-222 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tianyu Xu Author-X-Name-First: Tianyu Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Author-Name: Xiaojing Liu Author-X-Name-First: Xiaojing Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Zeling Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Zeling Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Title: Simplified likelihood estimation of ship total loss using GRA and CRITIC methods Abstract: Based on statistical data of ship total losses globally from 2013 to 2017, correlations between contributory factors (ocean regions, accident causes, and ship types) and ship total losses are analysed via grey relational analysis (GRA) and criteria importance through inter-criteria correction (CRITIC) methods. Each contributory factor is graded into three levels, and different scenarios are generated through the combination of these factors. According to our analytic results, the GRA method appears more sensitive than the CRITIC method for selecting relevant safety factors. Simplified ways for likelihood estimation of ship total loss are proposed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 223-236 Issue: 2 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 2 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1717147 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1717147 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:2:p:223-236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Raj Bridgelall Author-X-Name-First: Raj Author-X-Name-Last: Bridgelall Author-Name: Denver D. Tolliver Author-X-Name-First: Denver D. Author-X-Name-Last: Tolliver Title: A cognitive framework to plan for the future of transportation Abstract: Automated, connected, electrified, and shared mobility will be cornerstones of the transportation future. Research to quantify the potential benefits and drawbacks of practice, and to identify barriers to adoption, is the first step in any strategic plan for their adoption. However, uncertainties, complexity, interdependence, and the multidisciplinary nature of emerging transportation technologies make it difficult to organize and identify focused research. The contribution of this work is a cognitive framework to help planners and policymakers organize broad topics, reveal challenges, discover ideas for solutions, quantify potential impacts, and identify implications to guide preparation strategies. The authors provide example cognitive frameworks for connected, automated, and electrified vehicles. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 237-252 Issue: 3 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1735728 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1735728 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:3:p:237-252 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nikhil Menon Author-X-Name-First: Nikhil Author-X-Name-Last: Menon Author-Name: Yu Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Yu Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Abdul Rawoof Pinjari Author-X-Name-First: Abdul Author-X-Name-Last: Rawoof Pinjari Author-Name: Fred Mannering Author-X-Name-First: Fred Author-X-Name-Last: Mannering Title: A statistical analysis of consumer perceptions towards automated vehicles and their intended adoption Abstract: While automated vehicle (AV) development continues to progress rapidly, how the public will accept and adopt automated vehicles remains an open question. Using extensive survey data, we apply cluster analysis to better understand consumer perceptions toward potential benefits and concerns related to AVs with regard to factors influencing their AV adoption likelihood. Four market segments are identified – ‘benefits-dominated,’ ‘concerns-dominated,’ ‘uncertain,’ and ‘well-informed.’ A random parameters multinomial logit model is then estimated to identify factors influencing the probability of respondents belonging to one of these four market segments. Among other influences (such as socio-economic and current travel characteristics), it is found that ‘Millennials’ have a higher probability of belonging to the well-informed market segment, ‘Gen-Xers’ with a lower probability to the uncertain market segment, and ‘Baby Boomers’ with a higher probability to the concerns-dominated market (relative to the ‘Great Generation’). We also study the individuals’ expressed likelihood of AV adoption using separate random parameters ordered probit estimations for each of the four market segments. The substantial and statistically significant differences across each AV consumer market segment underscore the potentially large impact that different consumer demographics may have on AV adoption and the need for targeted marketing to achieve better market-penetration outcomes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 253-278 Issue: 3 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1735740 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1735740 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:3:p:253-278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pengfei Liu Author-X-Name-First: Pengfei Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Wei (David) Fan Author-X-Name-First: Wei (David) Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: Exploring the impact of connected and autonomous vehicles on freeway capacity using a revised Intelligent Driver Model Abstract: Connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) technologies are expected to change driving/vehicle behavior on freeways. This study investigates the impact of CAVs on freeway capacity using a microsimulation tool. A four-lane basic freeway segment is selected as the case study through the Caltrans Performance Measurement System (PeMS). To obtain valid results, various driving behavior parameters are calibrated to the real traffic conditions for human-driven vehicles. In particular, the calibration is conducted using genetic algorithm. A revised Intelligent Driver Model (IDM) is developed and used as the car-following model for CAVs. The simulation is conducted on the basic freeway segment under different penetration rates of CAVs and different freeway speed limits. The results show that with an increase in the market penetration rate, freeway capacity increases, and will increase significantly as the speed limit increases. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 279-292 Issue: 3 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1735746 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1735746 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:3:p:279-292 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arezoo Samimi Abianeh Author-X-Name-First: Arezoo Author-X-Name-Last: Samimi Abianeh Author-Name: Mark Burris Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Burris Author-Name: Alireza Talebpour Author-X-Name-First: Alireza Author-X-Name-Last: Talebpour Author-Name: Kumares Sinha Author-X-Name-First: Kumares Author-X-Name-Last: Sinha Title: The impacts of connected vehicle technology on network-wide traffic operation and fuel consumption under various incident scenarios Abstract: Incidents are a major source of traffic congestion and can lead to long and unpredictable delays, deteriorating traffic operations and adverse environmental impacts. The emergence of connected vehicles and communication technologies has enabled travelers to use real-time traffic information. The ability to exchange traffic information among vehicles has tremendous potential impacts on network performance especially in the case of non-recurrent congestion. To this end, this paper utilizes a microscopic simulation model of traffic in El Paso, Texas to investigate the impacts of incidents on traffic operation and fuel consumption at different market penetration rates (MPR) of connected vehicles. Several scenarios are implemented and tested to determine the impacts of incidents on network performance in an urban area. The scenarios are defined by changing the duration of incidents and the number of lanes closed. This study also shows how communication technology affects network performance in response to congestion. The results of the study demonstrate the potential effectiveness of connected vehicle technology in improving network performance. For an incident with a duration of 900 s and MPR of 80%, total fuel consumption and total travel time decreased by approximately 20%; 26% was observed in network-wide travel time and fuel consumption at 100% MPR. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 293-312 Issue: 3 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1735752 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1735752 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:3:p:293-312 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas E. Guerrero Author-X-Name-First: Thomas E. Author-X-Name-Last: Guerrero Author-Name: Juan de Dios Ortuzar Author-X-Name-First: Juan Author-X-Name-Last: de Dios Ortuzar Author-Name: Sebastian Raveau Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian Author-X-Name-Last: Raveau Title: Traffic accident risk perception among drivers: a latent variable approach Abstract: Governments require decision tools to deal with road traffic accidents, a pandemic resulting in millions of deaths around the world. Evidence shows that human factors are one of the major causes of road accidents, and there is much interest in identifying variables that may have an impact on drivers’ perception of risk. To this aim, we design a stated choice experiment with eight hypothetical driving scenarios considering attributes that have been strongly associated with increased accident risks: (i) driving speed, (ii) driving the wrong way in a one-way street, (iii) overtaking on a bend, and (iv) driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Data from a sample of survey respondents are used to estimate a hybrid discrete choice model incorporating two latent variables, Driver Concentration and Safe Driving. Our results may contribute to the design of public policies geared to prevent accidents by encouraging safer driving behaviour. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 313-324 Issue: 3 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1735763 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1735763 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:3:p:313-324 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jun Li Author-X-Name-First: Jun Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Peiqing Zheng Author-X-Name-First: Peiqing Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng Author-Name: Wenna Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Wenna Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Title: Identifying the spatial distribution of public transportation trips by node and community characteristics Abstract: Identifying the spatial distribution of travel activities can help public transportation managers optimize the allocation of resources. In this paper, transit networks are constructed based on traffic flow data rather than network topologies. The PageRank algorithm and community detection method are combined to identify the spatial distribution of public transportation trips. The structural centrality and PageRank values are compared to identify hub stations; the community detection method is applied to reveal the community structures. A case study in Guangzhou, China is presented. It is found that the bus network has a community structure, significant weekday commuting and small-world characteristics. The metro network is tightly connected, highly loaded, and has no obvious community structure. Hub stations show distinct differences in terms of volume and weekend/weekday usage. The results imply that the proposed method can be used to identify the spatial distribution of urban public transportation and provide a new study perspective. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 325-340 Issue: 3 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 4 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1735776 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1735776 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:3:p:325-340 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anthony Whiteing Author-X-Name-First: Anthony Author-X-Name-Last: Whiteing Author-Name: Stephen Ison Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Ison Title: Universities’ transport study group UK annual conference 2019 Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 341-342 Issue: 4 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1749343 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1749343 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:4:p:341-342 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William Clayton Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Clayton Author-Name: Daniela Paddeu Author-X-Name-First: Daniela Author-X-Name-Last: Paddeu Author-Name: Graham Parkhurst Author-X-Name-First: Graham Author-X-Name-Last: Parkhurst Author-Name: John Parkin Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Parkin Title: Autonomous vehicles: who will use them, and will they share? Abstract: The advent of road transport automation is suggested to be one of four key technological transitions that could amount to a major transformation in mobility practices. Specifically, fully Automated Vehicles (AVs) might replace the current private car owner user model with fleets of on-demand synchronously-shared automated taxis. However, significant barriers to this vision becoming the norm remain. This paper examines two critical user-acceptance aspects of the transition: willingness to adopt AVs, and willingness to share an AV with others, particularly strangers. Our novel survey (n = 899) included a choice experiment featuring four future full automation transport services (private, synchronously/asynchronously shared, and public). Cluster analysis examined respondents' preferences and their demographic and psycho-social characteristics. We uncover significant uncertainty about willingness to adopt automation and sharing, and important differences between clusters within our sample. For example, under 50% of participants report willingness to use an AV over their normal mode, or would prefer an automated option to a current human-driven option. Our findings raise critical questions for policymakers and transport authorities. Not least, how can AV technologies help realise the environmental and social benefits of widespread vehicle sharing in a context of a travelling public that still prefers its privacy on-the-move? Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 343-364 Issue: 4 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1747200 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1747200 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:4:p:343-364 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tam Vu Author-X-Name-First: Tam Author-X-Name-Last: Vu Author-Name: John Preston Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Preston Title: Assessing the social costs of urban transport infrastructure options in low and middle income countries Abstract: This paper develops cost models for urban transport infrastructure options in situations where motorcycles and various forms of taxis are important modes of transport. The total social costs (TSCs) of conventional bus, Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Monorail, Metro (Elevated Rail), car, motorcycle, Taxi and Uber are calculated for an urban corridor covering operator, user and external costs. Based on the parameters for a 7 km corridor in Hanoi, Vietnam, the results show the lowest average social cost (ASC) transport modes for different ranges of demand. Motorcycle might be the best option at low demand levels while conventional bus has advantages with low-medium demand. At medium demand levels, bus-based technologies and Monorail are competitive options while Metro, with a higher person capacity, is the best alternative at the highest demand levels. Compared to other modes, the ASCs of car and Taxi/Uber are greater because of high capital cost (related to vehicles) per passenger and low occupancy. Transport planners and decision makers in low and middle income countries (LMICs) can draw on the findings of this study. However, various limitations are identified and additional research is suggested. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 365-384 Issue: 4 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1747202 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1747202 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:4:p:365-384 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Augustus Ababio-Donkor Author-X-Name-First: Augustus Author-X-Name-Last: Ababio-Donkor Author-Name: Wafaa Saleh Author-X-Name-First: Wafaa Author-X-Name-Last: Saleh Author-Name: Achille Fonzone Author-X-Name-First: Achille Author-X-Name-Last: Fonzone Title: Understanding transport mode choice for commuting: the role of affect Abstract: This study examines the relationship between positive and negative user valence and transport mode choice behaviour. We integrate latent attitudes ‘affect’ and ‘salience’ into transport mode choice models using the framework of integrated choice and latent variable modelling and simultaneous maximum likelihood estimation methods. The results are consistent with findings in similar travel behaviour and behavioural economics literature. The study extends the findings of previous research and has demonstrated that user sentiments about public transport mode and salient public transport experiences have a significant impact on travel mode choice behaviour. It was found that private motorised users are more sensitive to overcrowding and anti-social behaviours on PT than active and PT travellers. Key attitudinal indicators influencing individual transport choice behaviour are established to guide public policy. The key indicators of Affect and Salience must be analysed and addressed through public policy to enhance PT user experience and develop services and facilities to increase the utility of PT in-vehicle travel time. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 385-403 Issue: 4 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1747203 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1747203 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:4:p:385-403 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ilyas B. Alhassan Author-X-Name-First: Ilyas B. Author-X-Name-Last: Alhassan Author-Name: B. Matthews Author-X-Name-First: B. Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Author-Name: Jeremy P. Toner Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy P. Author-X-Name-Last: Toner Author-Name: Yusak O. Susilo Author-X-Name-First: Yusak O. Author-X-Name-Last: Susilo Title: The Movingo integrated ticket: seamless connections across the mälardalen region of Sweden Abstract: The need for improved public transport (PT) ticketing in ever-growing deregulated PT markets has made well-designed integrated ticketing systems a priority area of intervention for PT service providers around the world. Yet, very little practical evidence of its impacts are reported in Sweden and in the world at large. The focus of this study was the impacts of the Movingo integrated ticketing scheme in terms of PT patronage, user satisfaction and the perceived quality of the ticketing set-up. Three travel surveys were conducted along the Stockholm-Uppsala route. Methods including logistic regression and correlated t-tests were used to analyse the samples. The findings suggest that the scheme made rail commuting more attractive resulting in an overall increase of about 24% in ticket sales with 3% – 15% car commuters reporting that they patronised PT services after the project. The scheme also resulted in increased rail commuter satisfaction. The overall perceived quality of the ticketing set-up did not however improve due to interoperability challenges. Service providers’ uncertainty about equitable distribution of revenue among the participating service providers, interoperability challenges and the lack of interest among most of the participating service providers to sell Movingo tickets are some issues to be addressed. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 404-423 Issue: 4 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1747204 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1747204 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:4:p:404-423 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.J. Mohamed Author-X-Name-First: M.J. Author-X-Name-Last: Mohamed Author-Name: T. Rye Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Rye Author-Name: A. Fonzone Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Fonzone Title: The utilisation and user characteristics of Uber services in London Abstract: Ridesourcing services such as Uber are nowadays a common feature within available transport options of many cities around the world (E.g. London & San Francisco). There has been much publicity about the potential impacts of ridesourcing services and how (or if) they should be managed or regulated without an objective understanding of who uses these services and why, as well as its current and future implications for public transport (PT).Ridesourcing is part of a broader tech-driven, mobile app-based sharing phenomenon – the ‘sharing economy’ – which has disrupted traditional market models and industries, for example, the transport industry, where new players such as Uber have emerged and have quickly become part of the urban transport landscape. Uber has been at the forefront in disrupting the transport sector since its first launch in 2010 (San Francisco, USA). Since its launch, Uber has generated extensive media coverage and debate among policymakers, transport planners and transport authorities on how these services are affecting traditional transport modes such as buses and taxis. However, without objective empirical data – in terms of impacts on trip making characteristics, PT ridership and congestion – policymakers and transport regulators are yet to fully understand the real impacts ridesourcing services are having on the transport network.This paper is part of broader research that aims to provide insights and empirical-based evidence on how Uber services are used (UberX and Uberpool) in London. A comprehensive survey was undertaken using a detailed questionnaire, issued to UberX and Uberpool users in London to gather detailed data on who uses the Uber services, why they use it and what are the trip purposes, in order to understand Uber user demographics and what effects (if any) Uber services are having on PT usage and trip making characteristics in London. The final findings provide important insights on Uber user demographics, trip purposes, types of trips replaced, impact on car ownership and why travellers use Uber services. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 424-441 Issue: 4 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1747205 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1747205 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:4:p:424-441 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohamad-Kenan Al-Rijleh Author-X-Name-First: Mohamad-Kenan Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Rijleh Author-Name: Ahsan Alam Author-X-Name-First: Ahsan Author-X-Name-Last: Alam Author-Name: Romano Foti Author-X-Name-First: Romano Author-X-Name-Last: Foti Author-Name: Patrick L. Gurian Author-X-Name-First: Patrick L. Author-X-Name-Last: Gurian Author-Name: Sabrina Spatari Author-X-Name-First: Sabrina Author-X-Name-Last: Spatari Author-Name: Marianne Hatzopoulou Author-X-Name-First: Marianne Author-X-Name-Last: Hatzopoulou Title: Strategies to achieve deep reductions in metropolitan transportation GHG emissions: the case of Philadelphia Abstract: This paper investigates strategies that could achieve an 80% reduction in transportation emissions from current levels by 2050 in the City of Philadelphia. The baseline daily lifecycle emissions generated by road transportation in the Greater Philadelphia Region in 2012 were quantified using trip information from the 2012 Household Travel Survey (HTS). Emissions were projected to the year 2050 accounting for population growth and trends in vehicle technology for both the Greater Philadelphia Region and the City of Philadelphia. The impacts of vehicle technology and shifts in travel modes on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2050 were quantified using a scenario approach. The analysis of 12 different scenarios suggests that 80% reduction in emissions is technically feasible through a combination of active transportation, cleaner fuels for public transit vehicles, and a significant market penetration of battery-electric vehicles. The additional electricity demand associated with greater use of electric vehicles could amount to 10.8 TWh/year. The use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) shows promising results due to high reductions in GHG emissions at a potentially manageable cost. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 797-815 Issue: 8 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1526879 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1526879 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:8:p:797-815 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zheng Zhu Author-X-Name-First: Zheng Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Author-Name: Minha Lee Author-X-Name-First: Minha Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Yixuan Pan Author-X-Name-First: Yixuan Author-X-Name-Last: Pan Author-Name: Hang Yang Author-X-Name-First: Hang Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Lei Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Lei Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Title: Analyzing the impact of a planned transit-oriented development on mode share and traffic conditions Abstract: Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a popular planning strategy used to maximize accessibility to transit for various trip purposes. The quantitative effects of TOD on travel mode shift and traffic congestion have not been extensively tested in the current literature. This paper utilizes a seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) mode share model and a mesoscopic dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) model to analyze the impact of a planned TOD in Maryland. The proposed model aims at improving the understanding of the quantitative impacts of such a TOD on mode share and traffic congestion. The main result of the mode share model indicates that the increase in transit ridership for a transit accessible shopping center is not that significant. Local traffic conditions will deteriorate due to a lack of investment in road infrastructure planned for the TOD area. The proposed method could be a valuable tool for other indicative land development or transportation policy analyses. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 816-829 Issue: 8 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1526882 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1526882 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:8:p:816-829 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shailesh Chandra Author-X-Name-First: Shailesh Author-X-Name-Last: Chandra Author-Name: R. Thirumaleswara Naik Author-X-Name-First: R. Thirumaleswara Author-X-Name-Last: Naik Author-Name: Luana Galbeno Author-X-Name-First: Luana Author-X-Name-Last: Galbeno Title: Impact assessment of the Internet of Things on feeder transit performance Abstract: Efficient planning for demand responsive transit (DRT) can contribute to fulfilling the first/last mile transport needs for users of a major transit line. With the advancement in communication technologies, the internet is expected to assist this growing need of providing first/last mile connectivity. This is proposed to be achieved through a network created by Internet of Things (IoT). This paper evaluates the effect of implementation of IoT on service quality (or disutility) of DRT for two scenarios – with enabled-IoT (e-IoT) and with disabled-IoT (d-IoT). Data from five different DRT-like systems known as Call-n-Ride (CnR) routes operating in Denver, Colorado, are used for evaluation purposes. These CnR routes are Meridian, Interlocken, South Inverness, Broomfield and Louisville. Results show that, in general, all CnR routes would experience more than a 58 percent decrease in disutility if their operations were based on ‘with e-IoT’ operations. Interlocken would record the largest percentage decrease (74 percent) in disutility if its route service switched from the ‘with d-IoT’ to the ‘with e-IoT’ scenario. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 830-844 Issue: 8 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1526896 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1526896 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:8:p:830-844 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad Ali Arman Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Arman Author-Name: Navid Khademi Author-X-Name-First: Navid Author-X-Name-Last: Khademi Author-Name: Matthieu de Lapparent Author-X-Name-First: Matthieu Author-X-Name-Last: de Lapparent Title: Women’s mode and trip structure choices in daily activity-travel: a developing country perspective Abstract: In this paper, we analyze the travel patterns of Iranian women, where typical patriarchal views and specific social and cultural norms may differ from the patterns of those in western societies. In addition to inherent psycho-physical gender differences, women in Iran can face special constraints forcing them not to be involved in all activity-travel patterns that people in developed countries usually undertake. We pay special attention to the role of marital and employment status on women’s activity-travel patterns. To this end, we develop a joint mode and daily activity pattern (DAP) discrete choice model, which is a two-level mixed nested Logit. The upper nest of the proposed model embodies women’s DAP choices, and the lower nest belongs to the mode choices. In this paper, we try to show how different factors in a patriarchal Muslim society like Iran affect or restrict women’s type and structure of activity-travel patterns. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 845-877 Issue: 8 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1526931 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1526931 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:8:p:845-877 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Baocheng Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Baocheng Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Lili Wang Author-X-Name-First: Lili Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Zhijian Ye Author-X-Name-First: Zhijian Author-X-Name-Last: Ye Author-Name: Jianzhong Wang Author-X-Name-First: Jianzhong Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Wenpeng Zhai Author-X-Name-First: Wenpeng Author-X-Name-Last: Zhai Title: Evaluating the operational performance of airside and landside at Chinese airports with novel inputs Abstract: This paper evaluates the operational performance of airside and landside at Chinese airports with two novel inputs. Furthermore, the airport landside operation is decomposed into passenger-terminal operations and cargo-warehouse operations. One novel input is the capability of the runway system which is introduced into airside performance evaluation. The other novel input is cargo warehousing which is introduced into landside performance evaluation. To address multiple optimal solutions when estimating Returns to Scale in Data Envelopment Analysis, we adopted the Zhu and Shen method. This empirical study shows that neither the number of runways nor total runway length is a genuine index of runway system capability in the evaluation of airside performance. Only four airports achieved full efficiency in all eight measures while eight airports did not achieve any full efficiency. In addition, one airport did not perform well in the benchmark analysis. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 878-900 Issue: 8 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1526966 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1526966 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:8:p:878-900 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Asif Raza Author-X-Name-First: Asif Author-X-Name-Last: Raza Author-Name: Ming Zhong Author-X-Name-First: Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong Title: Hybrid artificial neural network and locally weighted regression models for lane-based short-term urban traffic flow forecasting Abstract: In recent years, there has been considerable research interest in short-term traffic flow forecasting. However, forecasting models offering a high accuracy at a fine temporal resolution (e.g. 1 or 5 min) and lane level are still rare. In this study, a combination of genetic algorithm, neural network and locally weighted regression is used to achieve optimal prediction under various input and traffic settings. The genetically optimized artificial neural network (GA-ANN) and locally weighted regression (GA-LWR) models are developed and tested, with the former forecasting traffic flow every 5-min within a 30-min period and the latter for forecasting traffic flow of a particular 5-min period of each for four lanes of an urban arterial road in Beijing, China. In particular, for morning peak and off-peak traffic flow prediction, the GA-ANN 5-min traffic flow model results in average errors of 3–5% and most 95th percentile errors of 7–14% for each of the four lanes; for the peak and off-peak time traffic flow predictions, the GA-LWR 5-min traffic flow model results in average errors of 2–4% and most 95th percentile errors are lower than 10% for each of the four lanes. When compared to previous models that usually offer average errors greater than 6–15%, such empirical findings should be of interest to and instrumental for transportation authorities to incorporate in their city- or state-wide Advanced Traveller Information Systems (ATIS). Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 901-917 Issue: 8 Volume: 41 Year: 2018 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2018.1526988 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2018.1526988 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:41:y:2018:i:8:p:901-917 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jenhung Wang Author-X-Name-First: Jenhung Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Yen-Chieh Wang Author-X-Name-First: Yen-Chieh Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Chung-Wei Shen Author-X-Name-First: Chung-Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Shen Author-Name: Pei-Chun Lin Author-X-Name-First: Pei-Chun Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Title: Who needs automotive on-board navigation systems? Predicting operational performance from spatial anxiety and gender differences Abstract: This paper investigates relationships among gender, spatial anxiety, and operational performance of car navigation systems (CNSs) with a traditional Chinese interface. 600 study participants performed a route-locating task on a CNS and reported their competence to cope with spatial anxiety using the Spatial Anxiety Scale. The study found that gender predicted operational performance: female participants needed more time to perform the designated navigation task than male participants; gender predicted participants’ competence to cope with spatial anxiety: female participants reported lower competence to cope with spatial anxiety than male participants, and CNS interface design predicted CNS operational performance. These findings play an important role in determining CNS adoption for drivers. Findings also provide manufacturers and marketers with reliable information regarding at whom they should target their CNS products to demonstrate that manufacturers should develop interfaces that fit small-display CNSs based on gender or create a gender-neutral user experience. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 539-552 Issue: 6 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1780706 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1780706 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:6:p:539-552 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Albert Lo Author-X-Name-First: Albert Author-X-Name-Last: Lo Author-Name: Siva Srikukenthiran Author-X-Name-First: Siva Author-X-Name-Last: Srikukenthiran Author-Name: Eric J. Miller Author-X-Name-First: Eric J. Author-X-Name-Last: Miller Author-Name: Khandker N. Habib Author-X-Name-First: Khandker N. Author-X-Name-Last: Habib Title: Impact of multiple sample frames on data quality of household travel surveys: the case of the 2016 Transportation Tomorrow Survey Abstract: The landline sample frame has been the method for recruiting participants for household travel surveys for many years. However, more recently, the representativeness of populations has declined with the reduction of household landline use and the rise of cellphone use. As a result, interest has turned to construct the survey sample frame using multiple lists. To attempt to alleviate underrepresentation, the 2016 iteration of the Transportation Tomorrow Survey (TTS) – the regional household travel survey of the Greater Golden Horseshoe located in southern Ontario, Canada – used multiple sample frames consisting of address/phone, address-only, and phone-only lists. To analyze the impact of a multi-frame approach, sample frames are compared based on demographic and trip variables to investigate whether there are significant differences between sample frames. Trip variable analysis via chi-squared and interaction effects modeling show small but significant differences, particularly between address-only and address/phone frames. The multiple sample frame is shown to improve representation compared to the singular landline frame; however, some broad representation issues remain with respect to age and household-size distributions, particularly in rural areas. This points to the need for alternative methods to recruit younger individuals and larger households. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 553-570 Issue: 6 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1780707 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1780707 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:6:p:553-570 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Junseo Bae Author-X-Name-First: Junseo Author-X-Name-Last: Bae Author-Name: Kunhee Choi Author-X-Name-First: Kunhee Author-X-Name-Last: Choi Title: A new perspective for precision evaluation of large-scale traffic sensor data measurement Abstract: Use of sensor data has been increasingly common in recent years, yet there is still a knowledge gap in evaluating the precision of traffic sensor data being used in traffic analyses for developing a transportation management plan. This paper fills this gap by exploring a new approach to evaluating the level of precision of large-scale traffic sensor data. The proposed analytical framework incorporates a spatiotemporal domain for the purpose of projecting spatiotemporal characteristics of the data into a repeatability and reproducibility (R&R) study. The main finding of this study is that the proposed framework is effective in examining the precision level of large-scale data spatiotemporally. The proposed framework would be useful for researchers and practitioners to benchmark precision measurements of traffic sensor data in a way to gather quality data and avoid any potential biased result of deeper traffic analyses. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 571-585 Issue: 6 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1780708 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1780708 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:6:p:571-585 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ta-Hui Yang Author-X-Name-First: Ta-Hui Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Ching-Hui Tang Author-X-Name-First: Ching-Hui Author-X-Name-Last: Tang Author-Name: Hung-Chun Hsiao Author-X-Name-First: Hung-Chun Author-X-Name-Last: Hsiao Title: Strategic airline network design problem in a duopolistic market Abstract: This paper addresses a competitive airline hub-and-spoke network design problem in a duopolistic market with sequential airline entry. Two airlines, a leader and a follower, enter the market sequentially to make decisions about their own flight networks. Each must consider their opponent’s reactions and respond to each other’s decisions in making their own, leading to interactive competition between them. A bi-level model is proposed to formulate the behaviors and decisions of the two airlines. In addition, an interactive solution procedure based on a genetic algorithm (GA) is developed to repeatedly solve the upper and lower level models. Finally, we generate a numerical example based on the regional air market in Taiwan and China. The results provide useful insights and highlight the importance of considering interactive competition for airlines when designing their flight networks. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 586-601 Issue: 6 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1780709 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1780709 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:6:p:586-601 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andalib Shams Author-X-Name-First: Andalib Author-X-Name-Last: Shams Author-Name: Milan Zlatkovic Author-X-Name-First: Milan Author-X-Name-Last: Zlatkovic Title: Effects of capacity and transit improvements on traffic and transit operations Abstract: Transportation agencies are facing problems of inadequate capacities to meet growing traffic demand. Street widening, signal operations optimization, innovative designs and multimodal transportation modes are traffic management strategies that can improve traffic operations along congested corridors. The goal of this paper is to assess future 2040 traffic and transit conditions along sections of Redwood Road in Salt Lake County, Utah, and develop and test potential operational improvements through VISSIM traffic simulation. Potential improvements, such as street widening, signal optimization, transit exclusive lanes with Transit Signal Priority (TSP) and adding a Continuous Flow Intersection (CFI) are analyzed. The improvements tested showed potential for reducing vehicular travel times between 6% to 20%, and delays 25% to 35%. Transit travel times reduced up to 40%, with delay reductions up to 60%. A combination of different strategies has the potential to improve traffic and transit operations along the busiest sections of Redwood Road. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 602-619 Issue: 6 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1780710 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1780710 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:6:p:602-619 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Prasanta K. Sahu Author-X-Name-First: Prasanta K. Author-X-Name-Last: Sahu Author-Name: Aitichya Chandra Author-X-Name-First: Aitichya Author-X-Name-Last: Chandra Author-Name: Agnivesh Pani Author-X-Name-First: Agnivesh Author-X-Name-Last: Pani Author-Name: Bandhan Bandhu Majumdar Author-X-Name-First: Bandhan Bandhu Author-X-Name-Last: Majumdar Title: Designing freight traffic analysis zones for metropolitan areas: identification of optimal scale for macro-level freight travel analysis Abstract: This paper contributes to the emerging literature on freight studies by identifying the optimal freight traffic analysis zone (FTAZ) system at which to conduct macro-level freight travel analysis. To arrive at the optimal scale, we develop alternate zone systems by grouping census wards with similar freight-related characteristics (industrial characteristics, commercial land use characteristics, locational characteristics and socio-demographic characteristics). The resultant zone systems are analysed at multiple geographic scales and the optimal scale of each zone system is determined by performing the Brown–Forsythe test. Results suggest that a 1:3 aggregation ratio (24–28 zones) is the optimal scale for Metropolitan FTAZs, whereas the publicly available ad-hoc zone system and prior literature on National FTAZs follow 1:10 aggregation. The study findings suggest that Metropolitan planning organizations need to reconsider their existing data collection strategy, consider a larger aggregation ratio and, by extension, adopt smaller zones to ensure that both local and global freight travel characteristics are captured in freight travel analyses. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 620-637 Issue: 6 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 8 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1780711 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1780711 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:6:p:620-637 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Raj Bridgelall Author-X-Name-First: Raj Author-X-Name-Last: Bridgelall Author-Name: Denver D. Tolliver Author-X-Name-First: Denver D. Author-X-Name-Last: Tolliver Title: Closed form models to assess railroad technology investments Abstract: Class I railroads in North America collectively invested USUS$11.2 billion to comply with a U.S. federal mandate to deploy positive train control as a form of train protection system. This amount dwarfs the potential savings from accidents the technology could prevent. Therefore, railroads must seek additional benefits. This research contributes simple closed-form models to inform strategies that can leverage the technology deployment by estimating the annual additional net benefits, internal rate of return, and benefit-cost ratio needed for a desired payback period. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 639-650 Issue: 7 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1805541 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1805541 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:7:p:639-650 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Edward C. S. Ku Author-X-Name-First: Edward C. S. Author-X-Name-Last: Ku Title: Spreading distinctive insignia benefits from mobile service: evidence from a mobile application of transportation Abstract: Mobile commerce (m-commerce) faces a growing array of client devices for which applications are designed. Applications developed for general consumer use must be compatible with a wide range of devices. This research investigates how perceived usefulness and enjoyment affect intention to use a mobile application service (T-Express). In this study, we formulate a commitment model from the perspective of the social identity and technology acceptance perspective. Empirical data were collected by conducting a field survey of users of T-Express from Taiwan High Speed Rail Corporation (THSRC) stations in Taiwan. The main findings of the study are that wireless technology provides great value to businesses when it allows consumers to access real-time data to make timely decisions that either decrease costs or increase revenues; and to achieve a higher intention to use mobile applications, there should be a clear communication process between mobile application and passenger. Our findings indicate that one of the more overt illustrations of the power of packaging symbolism involves package design strategies that serve to provide a radical new upscale positioning for the THSRC brand. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 651-669 Issue: 7 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1805542 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1805542 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:7:p:651-669 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erma Suryani Author-X-Name-First: Erma Author-X-Name-Last: Suryani Author-Name: Rully A. Hendrawan Author-X-Name-First: Rully A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hendrawan Author-Name: Philip F.E. Adipraja Author-X-Name-First: Philip F.E. Author-X-Name-Last: Adipraja Author-Name: Arif Wibisono Author-X-Name-First: Arif Author-X-Name-Last: Wibisono Author-Name: Basuki Widodo Author-X-Name-First: Basuki Author-X-Name-Last: Widodo Author-Name: Rarasmaya Indraswari Author-X-Name-First: Rarasmaya Author-X-Name-Last: Indraswari Title: Modelling and simulation of transportation system effectiveness to reduce traffic congestion: a system dynamics framework Abstract: This paper is designed to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of transportation systems and reduce traffic congestion through the use of simulation models and scenario development. A system dynamics framework is used to test and evaluate the alternatives of future strategies for the city of Surabaya, Indonesia. Some factors affecting the effectiveness of transport systems include operational effectiveness and service effectiveness, as well as uncertainty. To improve the effectiveness of transportation systems, several strategies can be implemented, such as subsidizing public transportation, increasing the cost of private vehicle parking fees, raising taxes on private vehicles, and reducing delays in public transportation through scenario development. Scenario results show that, by pursuing these strategies, effectiveness could be improved by 80% as the impact of the increase in operational and service effectiveness, helping to mitigate traffic congestion. Congestion could be reduced to 70% (on average) due to the decrease in daily traffic. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 670-697 Issue: 7 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1805543 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1805543 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:7:p:670-697 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jing Shi Author-X-Name-First: Jing Author-X-Name-Last: Shi Author-Name: Lei Xin Author-X-Name-First: Lei Author-X-Name-Last: Xin Author-Name: Yang Liu Author-X-Name-First: Yang Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Simulation of tourists’ spatiotemporal behaviour and result validation with social media data Abstract: This study explores the pattern and formation mechanism of tourists’ spatiotemporal behaviour by modelling, which is crucial for tourism transportation planning and management. The tourism utility maximization principle and tourism demand spillover effect are introduced to explain personal spatiotemporal behaviour. Based on the mathematical description of agent behaviour and simulation environment, an Agent Based Tourist Travel Simulation Model (ABTTSM) is systematically established to include an evaluation of the impact of a new high-speed rail operation in a region of high tourist attraction. Novel spatiotemporal data from social media is employed to test the simulation results. It is found that the transfer probability matrices of the simulation results and social media data are highly correlated and, as a consequence, the tourism circle division is almost unanimous. This means the ABTSM can effectively simulate tourists’ spatiotemporal behaviour and be applied in the planning and management of tourism and transportation. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 698-716 Issue: 7 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1805544 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1805544 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:7:p:698-716 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Huanmei Qin Author-X-Name-First: Huanmei Author-X-Name-Last: Qin Author-Name: Xiuhan Yang Author-X-Name-First: Xiuhan Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Yao-Jan Wu Author-X-Name-First: Yao-Jan Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Hongzhi Guan Author-X-Name-First: Hongzhi Author-X-Name-Last: Guan Author-Name: Pengfei Wang Author-X-Name-First: Pengfei Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Nasrin Shahinpoor Author-X-Name-First: Nasrin Author-X-Name-Last: Shahinpoor Title: Analysis of parking cruising behaviour and parking location choice Abstract: This paper explores car drivers’ cruising behaviour and location choice for curb parking in areas with insufficient parking space based on a survey of car drivers in Beijing, China. Preliminary analysis of the data show that car drivers’ cruising behaviour is closely related to their parking duration and parking location. A multinomial probit (MNP) model is used to analyse cruising behaviour and the results show that the closer to the destination car drivers are, the more likely they choose to park on the curb. The adjacent locations are the basis of car drivers’ sequential parking decisions at different locations. The research results provide a better understanding of cruising behaviour for parking and recommendations for reducing cruising for parking. The provision of parking information can help regulate the parking demand distribution. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 717-734 Issue: 7 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1805545 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1805545 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:7:p:717-734 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dilay Çelebi Author-X-Name-First: Dilay Author-X-Name-Last: Çelebi Author-Name: Şükrü İmre Author-X-Name-First: Şükrü Author-X-Name-Last: İmre Title: Measuring crowding-related comfort in public transport Abstract: In this paper we focus on the estimation of crowding in public transport – specifically urban rail systems – and its effect on perceived comfort. It is different from similar studies in the method it employs for estimating crowding levels in vehicles. Specifically, we formulate a function of time and location, which uses only passenger embarking data to estimate the number of passengers in vehicles. Then we convert the estimated crowding values into perceived discomfort levels by trip section. Our method depends on hourly seasonality assumptions but provides good estimates of crowding in urban rail systems even when passenger alighting data is not available. We illustrate the implementation of our model with the example of the Istanbul Metro system. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 735-750 Issue: 7 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1805546 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1805546 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:7:p:735-750 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Genevieve Giuliano Author-X-Name-First: Genevieve Author-X-Name-Last: Giuliano Author-Name: Sandip Chakrabarti Author-X-Name-First: Sandip Author-X-Name-Last: Chakrabarti Title: Analyzing intra-metropolitan variation in highway traffic performance in Los Angeles using archived real-time data Abstract: We conduct a case study of highway system performance in Los Angeles County. We use the Los Angeles Archived Data Management System, a comprehensive archive of regional real-time multi-modal transportation system data, to analyze effects of systematic, functional, random, and land use factors on performance variation over different time periods of the day. To understand functional class effects, we use cluster analysis on geometric and demand parameters to identify functionally similar groups of highway segments. We compare performance between groups and across segments within groups. We perform regression analysis to test the influence of various factors on performance. We find that after controlling for time of day, accidents, and adjacent population density, group or peer effects have significant influence. This suggests that peer group level, as opposed to regional, performance measurement and monitoring is useful. Our research has significant implications for transportation system monitoring and planning. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 751-770 Issue: 8 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1828931 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1828931 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:8:p:751-770 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yisong Lin Author-X-Name-First: Yisong Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Author-Name: Xuefeng Wang Author-X-Name-First: Xuefeng Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Coopetition in the supply chain between container liners and freight forwarders: a game theory approach Abstract: A common objective of container liners is to expand to both ends of the supply chain, thereby providing customers seamless access to a wider range of logistics. There are many overlaps between the service provided by container liners and freight forwarders, which may affect their relationships. However, there is a lack of research on this issue. This study attempts to analyze the basis for cooperation, the causes of conflict, and the means to achieve sustainable relationships in the supply chain. It is based on container liners’ strategy to extend end-to-end service and improve layout through acquisition and investment. The study fills the gap in the current literature on the relationship between container liners and freight forwarders. It is also one of the few studies to apply game theory to coopetition in the shipping industry. The results have practical significance in terms of learning how to improve cooperation in the supply chain. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 771-782 Issue: 8 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1828932 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1828932 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:8:p:771-782 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. A. Ramadhan Author-X-Name-First: S. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Ramadhan Author-Name: H. Y. Sutarto Author-X-Name-First: H. Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Sutarto Author-Name: G. S. Kuswana Author-X-Name-First: G. S. Author-X-Name-Last: Kuswana Author-Name: E. Joelianto Author-X-Name-First: E. Author-X-Name-Last: Joelianto Title: Application of area traffic control using the max-pressure algorithm Abstract: This paper proposes an application of max-pressure control for network-wide signal control at Bandung, Indonesia. The max-pressure approach is employed for a specific disturbed network system synthetic scenario, created with the aim to simulate spillback conditions which causing long congestion across road segments in real traffic conditions. The max-pressure controller is implemented for a network of six signalized intersections in PTV Vissim, a traffic micro-simulation platform. The validated model is generated before implementing in the Vissim traffic simulation. Three types of controller are studied: the currently implemented controller (fixed time controller), cycle-based max-pressure and slotted-based max-pressure. The simulation results show that max-pressure control is more powerful than the currently implemented technique in terms of the capability to avoid congestion by spreading vehicles to other road segments with respect to some events that can be seen as a disturbance. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 783-802 Issue: 8 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1828934 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1828934 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:8:p:783-802 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ingo A. Hansen Author-X-Name-First: Ingo A. Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen Title: Hyperloop transport technology assessment and system analysis Abstract: The Hyperloop concept, pod speed competitions and current project developments have recently attracted much publicity. In this paper the transport technology of the vacuumed tube transport project Hyperloop is assessed through a system analysis of its principal aims, functional design, transport capacity and demand in comparison with existing commercial airlines, high-speed rail, and Maglev lines. First, the potential for high-speed long-distance travel demand for Hyperloop based on existing airline transport volumes between major airports in Germany on the one hand, and the proposed Hyperloop link from Los Angeles to San Francisco in California on the other, is assessed in general terms. Second, the technical feasibility of the proposed Hyperloop concept for vehicle design, capacity, operations, propulsion, guidance, energy supply, traffic control, safety, alignment, and construction is discussed in more detail. Third, possible environmental impacts and uncertain investment, operating and maintenance costs for implementation of a Hyperloop line are described. Finally, the risks for further Hyperloop project development and the need for more transparent research are emphasized. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 803-820 Issue: 8 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1828935 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1828935 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:8:p:803-820 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xingang Li Author-X-Name-First: Xingang Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Xingfei Wang Author-X-Name-First: Xingfei Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Bin Jia Author-X-Name-First: Bin Author-X-Name-Last: Jia Author-Name: Rui Jiang Author-X-Name-First: Rui Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang Title: Modal split and commuting patterns on a bottleneck-constrained highway with peak-only bus lane Abstract: In this paper, commuters’ travel mode and departure time choice behaviors on a bottleneck-constrained highway with a peak-only bus lane (PBL) are investigated. The PBL occupies part of the capacity of the bottleneck when it is open. The capacity of the bottleneck for both auto and bus modes is time-varying. As the total number of commuters grows, we consider three regimes with different equilibrium commuting patterns – low, medium and high travel demand. The analytical results for the arrival rates of the two modes are presented and the numerical results are consistent with the analytical results. When the PBL is instituted, the number of bus mode commuters increases and total travel cost decreases with other parameters remaining fixed. The optimal capacity and opening period for the peak-only bus lane and the optimal bus dispatch frequency are discussed in detail. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 821-850 Issue: 8 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1829091 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1829091 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:8:p:821-850 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Buket Capali Author-X-Name-First: Buket Author-X-Name-Last: Capali Author-Name: Halim Ceylan Author-X-Name-First: Halim Author-X-Name-Last: Ceylan Title: A multi-objective meta-heuristic approach for the transit network design and frequency setting problem Abstract: The Transit Network Design and Frequency Setting Problem (TNDFSP) can be defined as the creation of effective routes in a public transport network and the determination of relevant frequencies. Generally, the TNDFSP problem is in the same category as the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), which is known to be a non-deterministic polynomial-period (NP-hard) difficult problem. This study consists of two stages: first, the design of a public transport network with an evolutionary optimization technique – the Intelligent Water Drops (IWD) algorithm – based on the TSP and the determination of relevant frequencies; and second, the assignment of passengers to designated routes. All decisions related to public transport network design may be evaluated by considering environmental costs in relation to passengers, operators and the environment. This study presents an acceptable, constructive and original algorithm. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 851-867 Issue: 8 Volume: 43 Year: 2020 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1829093 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1829093 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:43:y:2020:i:8:p:851-867 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven R. Gehrke Author-X-Name-First: Steven R. Author-X-Name-Last: Gehrke Author-Name: Timothy G. Reardon Author-X-Name-First: Timothy G. Author-X-Name-Last: Reardon Title: Direct demand modelling approach to forecast cycling activity for a proposed bike facility Abstract: In the United States, planning and design efforts to generate bike-friendly environments through the greater provision of safe, low-stress bike infrastructure in our cities continue to advance. In Cambridge, Massachusetts, construction of the Grand Junction Pathway – an envisioned shared-use pathway – is at the heart of a citywide effort to enhance its active transportation system. However, a challenge – shared by many public agencies given that data on cycling activity are rarely frequently systematically gathered – is the creation of a baseline estimate of cycling demand for this planned network link. Using short-duration manual data supplemented with long-duration count data, this study employs a state-of-the-practice method for generating annual average daily bicycle trips for current bike network facilities. A statistical modelling strategy is then undertaken to forecast the volume of daily cyclists that the proposed off-street, shared-use path could expect to attract given its physical context and the socioeconomic attributes of nearby residents. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-15 Issue: 1 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1849959 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1849959 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:1:p:1-15 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Metz Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Metz Title: Time constraints and travel behaviour Abstract: Considerable observational evidence indicates that travel time, averaged across a population, is stable at about an hour a day. This implies both an upper and a lower bound to time that can be expended on travel. The upper bound explains the self-limiting nature of road traffic congestion, as well as the difficulty experienced in attempting mitigation: the prospect of delays deters some road users, who are attracted back following interventions aimed at relieving congestion. The lower bound implies that time savings cannot be the main economic benefit of transport investment, which means that conventional transport economic appraisal is misleading. In reality, the main benefit for users is increased access to desired destinations, made possible by faster travel, which is the origin of induced traffic. Access is subject to saturation, consistent with the evidence of travel demand saturation. However, access is difficult to monetise for inclusion in cost–benefit analysis. Consequential uplift in real estate values may be a more practical way of estimating access benefits, which is relevant to the possibility of capturing part of such uplift to help fund transport investment that enhances such access. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 16-29 Issue: 1 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1851445 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1851445 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:1:p:16-29 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Darren Divall Author-X-Name-First: Darren Author-X-Name-Last: Divall Author-Name: Tendayi Kureya Author-X-Name-First: Tendayi Author-X-Name-Last: Kureya Author-Name: Tom Bishop Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Bishop Author-Name: Caroline Barber Author-X-Name-First: Caroline Author-X-Name-Last: Barber Author-Name: Cathy Green Author-X-Name-First: Cathy Author-X-Name-Last: Green Author-Name: Sam Clark Author-X-Name-First: Sam Author-X-Name-Last: Clark Title: The potential role of mobile phone technology in rural motorcycle and three-wheeler taxi services in Africa Abstract: Over the last two decades, motorcycle and motorised three-wheeler taxis have become important means of transport in many sub-Saharan African countries, including in rural areas. However, the emerging role of mobile phone technology in improving mobility in rural areas is currently under-explored in the literature. This paper presents the findings of a small-scale research study that was undertaken into the use of mobile phone technology in the context of motorcycle and three-wheeler taxi use, and its potential to improve rural access. Informed by a literature review, the research focuses on four countries: Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with riders of motorcycle and motorised three-wheeler taxis and the developers of mobile phone-enabled transport technologies. Mobile technology linked to the utilisation of motorcycle and three-wheeler taxis is increasing, but ‘ride-hailing’ applications (apps) are likely to be limited to urban areas for the foreseeable future due to various disincentives to their use in rural areas. The study identifies several promising innovations that combine the use of motorcycles and three-wheelers with mobile technology to increase rural people’s access to essential services and opportunities. These have the potential to be scaled up or expanded to other countries. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 30-44 Issue: 1 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1851446 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1851446 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:1:p:30-44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Pernkopf Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Pernkopf Author-Name: Manfred Gronalt Author-X-Name-First: Manfred Author-X-Name-Last: Gronalt Title: An aerial ropeway transportation system for combined freight and passenger transport – a simulation study Abstract: Aerial ropeways or cableways are a common means of transport in mountainous regions. Quite unusual is a ropeway combining both freight and passenger transport. Such a system provides a supplementary solution to arising logistical problems in areas with dedicated spatial challenges. A simulation study for a potential application linking two infrastructural nodes in an alpine tourist region was used to analyse the performance of such a system. Various system configurations and operating strategies for controlling the freight transport were examined. The major findings show the interrelated effects on freight and passenger transportation capacities and the trade-off between them. The simulation model can easily be adapted and transferred to other potential applications. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 45-62 Issue: 1 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1851450 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1851450 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:1:p:45-62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dimitrios Paraskevadakis Author-X-Name-First: Dimitrios Author-X-Name-Last: Paraskevadakis Author-Name: Alan Bury Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Bury Author-Name: Jun Ren Author-X-Name-First: Jun Author-X-Name-Last: Ren Author-Name: Jin Wang Author-X-Name-First: Jin Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: A services operations performance measurement framework for multimodal logistics gateways in emerging megaregions Abstract: Gateways in emerging megaregions have the existing transport infrastructure tο support modal shift and deliver sustainable development. To address these issues, there is a need for more efficient traffic management solutions and an accompanying shift away from road transportation towards more environmentally friendly modes both for freight and for passengers. More importantly, an integrated methodological approach needs to be adopted by decision-makers when they assess existing and planned transport infrastructure for its ongoing sustainable development. This research provides a novel approach to the performance evaluation of modal shift and transport infrastructure service quality. The application and combination of Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) and Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) in an intermodal regional case study provides a straightforward methodology for the assessment of sustainable development. In addition, added value is provided to the literature for long term scenarios’ planning for sustainable transport infrastructure. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 63-92 Issue: 1 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1851451 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1851451 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:1:p:63-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Subasish Das Author-X-Name-First: Subasish Author-X-Name-Last: Das Title: Traffic volume prediction on low-volume roadways: a Cubist approach Abstract: A significant aspect of the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) rulemaking is the prerequisite that states must gather and utilize Model Inventory of Roadway Elements (MIRE) for all public paved roads, including low-volume roadways (LVR). States are particularly not equipped with the ability to collect traffic volumes of LVRs due to issues such as budgetary constraints. One alternative is to estimate traffic volumes of LVRs using regression or machine learning (ML) models. The present study accomplishes this by developing a ML framework to estimate traffic volumes on LVRs. By using available traffic counts on low-volume roads in Minnesota, this study applies and validates three different ML models (random forest, support vector regression, and Cubist) to estimate traffic volumes. The models include various traffic and non-traffic (e.g. demographic and socio-economic) variables. Overall, the Cubist model shows better performance compared to support vector regression and random forests. Additionally, the Cubist approach provides rule-based equations for different subsets of data. The findings of this study can be beneficial for transportation communities associated with LVRs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 93-110 Issue: 1 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1851452 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1851452 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:1:p:93-110 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiaoquan Wang Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoquan Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Chunfu Shao Author-X-Name-First: Chunfu Author-X-Name-Last: Shao Author-Name: Chaoying Yin Author-X-Name-First: Chaoying Author-X-Name-Last: Yin Author-Name: Chunjiao Dong Author-X-Name-First: Chunjiao Author-X-Name-Last: Dong Title: Exploring the effects of the built environment on commuting mode choice in neighborhoods near public transit stations: evidence from China Abstract: Public transport services are often improved to decrease auto-related mobility. However, it remains unclear how the built environment influences auto ownership and commuting mode choice near public transit stations. Using 3318 individuals across China, this study contributes to investigating the relationship between the built environment, auto ownership and commuting mode choice simultaneously in neighborhoods near public transit stations by employing an integration of a structural equation model (SEM) and discrete choice model (DCM). The results indicate that the built environment exhibits significant impacts on auto-related mobility near public transit stations and auto ownership plays an intermediary role between the exogenous variables and commuting mode choice, thus it can moderate the influences of built environment attributes on commuting mode choice. The results suggest that increasing green coverage rates and promoting diverse land use development strategies in transit-oriented development (TOD) areas may make contributions to auto-related mobility reduction and low-carbon travel initiatives. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 111-127 Issue: 1 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1851453 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1851453 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:1:p:111-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pengfei Liu Author-X-Name-First: Pengfei Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Wei David Fan Author-X-Name-First: Wei David Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: Exploring the impact of connected and autonomous vehicles on mobility and environment at signalized intersections through vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and infrastructure-to-vehicle (I2V) communications Abstract: Connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) technologies are expected to improve the quality of intersection operations through Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) and Infrastructure-to-Vehicle (I2V) communications. This study investigates mobility and environmental impacts of CAVs on signalized intersections. With I2V communication capability, CAVs are able to receive the real-time traffic signal information while approaching the intersections. A speed control strategy for CAVs is developed and optimal speeds for CAVs are calculated based on their locations and signal conditions. The analysis is conducted in a mixed traffic environment with combination of regular vehicles, autonomous vehicles, and CAVs. The vehicle delay and emissions at the selected intersection are quantified with respect to different market penetration rates of CAVs. The results indicate that CAVs can reduce vehicle delay by as much as 46.06% and 33.47% in emissions compared to regular vehicles. The proposed strategy can effectively improve the mobility and environment at signalized intersections. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 129-138 Issue: 2 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1868088 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1868088 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:2:p:129-138 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aleksandar Jovanović Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandar Author-X-Name-Last: Jovanović Author-Name: Dušan Teodorović Author-X-Name-First: Dušan Author-X-Name-Last: Teodorović Title: Multi-objective optimization of a single intersection Abstract: Algorithms for optimizing traffic operations at a single intersection consider mostly one objective function (often vehicle delays). Such an approach can lead to long pedestrian waiting times as well as reducing safety conditions at the intersection. In this paper, a multicriteria optimization approach to the single intersection traffic control problem is presented. The trade-off algorithm between vehicle and pedestrian delay, under a fixed time control model, is developed. The metaheuristic Bee Colony Optimization (BCO), inspired by bee behavior in nature, is incorporated in the proposed approach. To solve the multicriteria optimization problem an interactive algorithm is used. The proposed approach is tested on an appropriate numerical example. Results show that by worsening vehicle delays, pedestrian delays can be improved, particularly under phase plans with an exclusive pedestrian phase. Future research should consider the inclusion of the safety exposure of vehicles and pedestrians into the proposed methodology. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 139-159 Issue: 2 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1868083 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1868083 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:2:p:139-159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Riccardo Ceccato Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo Author-X-Name-Last: Ceccato Author-Name: Andrea Chicco Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Chicco Author-Name: Marco Diana Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Diana Title: Evaluating car-sharing switching rates from traditional transport means through logit models and Random Forest classifiers Abstract: Positive impacts of car-sharing, such as reductions in car ownership, congestion, vehicle-miles-traveled and greenhouse gas emissions, have been extensively analyzed. However, these benefits are not fully effective if car-sharing subtracts travel demand from existing sustainable modes. This paper evaluates substitution rates of car-sharing against private cars and public transport using a Random Forest classifier and Binomial Logit model. The models were calibrated and validated using a stated-preference travel survey and applied to a revealed-preference survey, both administered to a representative sample of the population living in Turin (Italy). Results of the two models show that the predictive power of both models is comparable, albeit the Logit model tends to estimate predictions with a higher reliability and the Random Forest model produces higher positive switches towards car-sharing. However, results from both models suggest that the substitution rate of private cars is, on average, almost five times that of public transport. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 160-175 Issue: 2 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1868084 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1868084 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:2:p:160-175 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shahin Shakibaei Author-X-Name-First: Shahin Author-X-Name-Last: Shakibaei Author-Name: Pelin Alpkokin Author-X-Name-First: Pelin Author-X-Name-Last: Alpkokin Author-Name: John A. Black Author-X-Name-First: John A. Author-X-Name-Last: Black Title: A multi-objective optimisation model for train scheduling in an open-access railway market Abstract: Liberalised railway markets bring into play the economic interactions amongst three dominant interest groups: passengers as system users; public entities providing the track; and private firms operating the trains. Problems that arise are multi-criteria with multi-decision-makers who may be in conflict. Our approach to this problem is similar to that of a cooperative game-theoretic non-transferable utility (NTU) to reach Pareto optimal resolutions in which the aspirations of all players are taken into account. The data are collected from the Istanbul-Ankara high-speed railway via a stated preference survey. A multi-agent system (MAS) is developed via GOLang, a programming language where the agents negotiate and interact with others based on a set of parameters such as ticket price setting and resource allocation. The results show better timetabling for trains and how to achieve higher compensation rates for the infrastructure provider by collecting higher amounts of track access charges from an optimised allocation of resources. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 176-193 Issue: 2 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1868085 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1868085 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:2:p:176-193 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Myungseob (Edward) Kim Author-X-Name-First: Myungseob (Edward) Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Austin Roche Author-X-Name-First: Austin Author-X-Name-Last: Roche Title: Optimal service zone and headways for flexible-route bus services for multiple periods Abstract: Where private ridesharing companies such as Uber and Lyft are transforming the transit sector by making flexible transit cheaper and more readily available than ever before, it may be beneficial for public transportation agencies to adapt to the changing marketplace and provide flexible bus services in low to mid-demand density areas such as suburban or rural areas. This paper proposes an optimization model in which the service area for the flexible bus operations is jointly optimized with headways with time-dependent demand densities. The closed-form solution that minimizes the average costs of user and operator is obtained with analytic optimization. The model presented in this paper may be a helpful planning resource to determine the feasibility of flexible bus services where fixed-route transit operation is not desirable due to the lack of ridership, especially in suburban and rural regions. Numerical case studies and sensitivity analyses for critical operation factors are presented. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 194-207 Issue: 2 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1868086 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1868086 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:2:p:194-207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hamed Faroqi Author-X-Name-First: Hamed Author-X-Name-Last: Faroqi Author-Name: Rolf Moeckel Author-X-Name-First: Rolf Author-X-Name-Last: Moeckel Author-Name: Mahmoud Mesbah Author-X-Name-First: Mahmoud Author-X-Name-Last: Mesbah Title: Temporal distribution of sociodemographic characteristics at transit stops Abstract: This paper proposes a method to impute the distribution of trip purposes and sociodemographic characteristics of passengers at public transit stops. Firstly, the probability of performing different types of activities around transit stops is calculated considering available land use types, distance to stops, and size of related facilities. Secondly, the temporal distribution of sociodemographic and trip purpose types of passengers in the whole network over time slots is extracted. Thirdly, the extracted temporal distribution is allocated to the location of stops based on available land use types around the stops. A household travel survey dataset from South East Queensland is chosen for the case study. The proposed method could extract valuable information for public transit authorities from spatially poor travel survey datasets and transform those datasets into a new source of information for planning and running novel applications in the public transit network. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 208-221 Issue: 2 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2020.1868087 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2020.1868087 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:2:p:208-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eric Petersen Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Petersen Author-Name: Matthias Sweet Author-X-Name-First: Matthias Author-X-Name-Last: Sweet Title: Navigating a fad or the future? Opportunities and limitations in integrating carshare membership and automated vehicle propensity in travel demand forecasting Abstract: New mobility services, including carsharing and automated vehicles (AVs), are changing mobility. Gathering evidence on the prospective adoption and uncertainty surrounding new technologies is critical, but technological changes outpace the speed with which planners can inform policy. This study demonstrates the feasibility of bridging planners’ programming and experimentation responsibilities in navigating uncertainty by developing forecasting tools which account for new technologies and fuse data from a large-scale Canadian household travel survey, the Transportation Tomorrow Survey (2016), with a one-time, internet-based survey with questions related to new mobility services. This study uses a fused nested logit model to explore the characteristics of consumers with propensities towards AV ownership and carshare membership in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area. Findings indicate joint effects of these two technologies. This approach of utilizing smaller-scale, issue-focused surveys in conjunction with traditional regional household travel surveys offers significant potential for planners to prepare more nimbly for uncertainty. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 223-245 Issue: 3 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1883225 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1883225 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:3:p:223-245 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lizet Krabbenborg Author-X-Name-First: Lizet Author-X-Name-Last: Krabbenborg Author-Name: Eric Molin Author-X-Name-First: Eric Author-X-Name-Last: Molin Author-Name: Jan Anne Annema Author-X-Name-First: Jan Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Annema Author-Name: Bert van Wee Author-X-Name-First: Bert Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee Title: Exploring the feasibility of tradable credits for congestion management Abstract: Tradable credits for congestion management are a novel policy concept that is receiving increased interest in transportation research. This interest is mainly driven by the belief that the concept can count on stronger social support and hence has a better prospect for implementation than charging-based instruments. This paper is the first to provide an analysis of the social, political, economic and technical feasibility of this concept. To this end, policymakers and researchers from the field of transport have been interviewed. The results reveal so many barriers and challenges in the social and political context that some seem insurmountable, which exposes a difference with expectations formulated in the literature. We reflect on possible options to overcome or avoid barriers but conclude that the concept of tradable peak credits lies very far from the current way of thinking about road use and seems unable to compete with more established charging schemes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 246-261 Issue: 3 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1883226 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1883226 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:3:p:246-261 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jelena Simicevic Author-X-Name-First: Jelena Author-X-Name-Last: Simicevic Author-Name: Nada Milosavljevic Author-X-Name-First: Nada Author-X-Name-Last: Milosavljevic Author-Name: Snezana Kaplanovic Author-X-Name-First: Snezana Author-X-Name-Last: Kaplanovic Title: The impact of user sensitivity on parking price sustainability Abstract: Parking charges are considered to be a powerful tool for managing transport demand, as parking price is one of the most important factors impacting the travel decision-making process. This paper examines and quantifies the parking price impact on parking demand due to an increase in initial parking price as well as due to the real price decrease (inflation-adjusted) over time. Revealed preference data were collected for a parking garage located in central Belgrade at three different times: before the price increase, after the price increase and after a certain period of time had passed since the price was increased. The results confirm that parking price impacts demand. However, initial price changes have become less effective in managing demand over time. Although such a pattern is typical and expected, its quantification could be of great importance when defining parking prices and predicting impacts of new prices, as well as in determining the periodicity of price changes in order to maintain desired parking occupancy levels. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 262-272 Issue: 3 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1883227 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1883227 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:3:p:262-272 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pengjun Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Pengjun Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Peilin Li Author-X-Name-First: Peilin Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: Rethinking the determinants of vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT) in an auto-dependent city: transport policies, socioeconomic factors and the built environment Abstract: Past decades have seen a ‘peak car’ phenomenon which is indicated by a decline in vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT) in many countries. Although the determinants of VKT have been widely discussed, the theoretical arguments remain unresolved, particularly on the role of transport policies, socioeconomic factors and the built environment. This paper aims to contribute to new evidence for these arguments by examining an auto-dependent city, Wellington, New Zealand. A new bottom-up approach is applied to examine the VKT per capita in terms of its four decomposed main elements: trips (T), travel mode (V), travel distance (K), and car ownership (C) based on micro-level regressions. The results of the analysis show VKT per capita is significantly affected by parking supply, public transport quality and the built environment. These effects vary between trip type and population groups. Changing lifestyles are now major factors in the decrease of VKT. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 273-302 Issue: 3 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1883228 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1883228 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:3:p:273-302 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Seungil Yum Author-X-Name-First: Seungil Author-X-Name-Last: Yum Title: Differences between telecommuters and commuters: the case of the Twin Cities metropolitan area Abstract: This study highlights how telecommuting plays an important role in travel time, travel distance, and travel mode choices in the Twin Cities metropolitan area of Minneapolis–Saint Paul by considering a multitude of travel modes, neighborhood characteristics, and travel purposes. First, this study finds that travel purposes differentiate the distribution of departure time between telecommuters and commuters. They show the biggest gap for the purpose of school and the smallest gap for other purposes. Second, telecommuters show a positive coefficient for the time model in the purpose of work and a negative coefficient for the distance model in the purpose of shopping. Third, this study finds that telecommuters do not prefer solo driving for all purposes. Instead, telecommuters are more likely to walk/bike in many cases (the purpose of work, leisure, home, and others). Also, they prefer a household carpool for the purpose of leisure and home, an inter-household carpool for the purpose of home, and public transit for the purpose of work and home. The findings highlight that governments and scholars should develop telecommuting planning according to a multitude of travel modes, neighborhood characteristics, and purposes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 303-318 Issue: 3 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1883229 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1883229 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:3:p:303-318 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Youngmin Choi Author-X-Name-First: Youngmin Author-X-Name-Last: Choi Author-Name: Paul M. Schonfeld Author-X-Name-First: Paul M. Author-X-Name-Last: Schonfeld Title: A comparison of optimized deliveries by drone and truck Abstract: This paper formulates and compares four alternatives of package delivery service with and without the aid of drones: (i) conventional truck, (ii) drone supported by truck, (iii) one-to-one delivery by drone, and (iv) one-to-many delivery by drone. Each delivery alternative is optimized numerically with an objective of total cost minimization (i.e. the sum of user’s and operator’s costs). For analyzing the delivery systems, the authors employ their recently developed distance approximation methods that estimate average tour lengths when only a few points are visited points, due to limited drone loading capacity. Analyses are conducted with respect to sensitivity to driver pay rate, demand density, user value of waiting time for delivery, drone operating speed, service area size, drone size, and distribution hub location. For reasonable baseline inputs, results indicate that using drones for package deliveries may be cost-effective compared to using conventional trucks. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 319-336 Issue: 3 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1883230 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1883230 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:3:p:319-336 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kate (Kyung) Hyun Author-X-Name-First: Kate (Kyung) Author-X-Name-Last: Hyun Author-Name: Farah Naz Author-X-Name-First: Farah Author-X-Name-Last: Naz Author-Name: Courtney Cronley Author-X-Name-First: Courtney Author-X-Name-Last: Cronley Author-Name: Sarah Leat Author-X-Name-First: Sarah Author-X-Name-Last: Leat Title: User characteristics of shared-mobility: a comparative analysis of car-sharing and ride-hailing services Abstract: Over the past 20 years, shared-mobility services have become important transportation options, as they provide on-demand, door-to-door mobility without requiring vehicle ownership. Although low-income communities may benefit especially from the services due to their lower vehicle ownership and high dependency on public transit, scant research has been conducted exploring how frequently these individuals utilize the shared-mobility programmes. This study develops a mathematical model based on Zero Inflated Negative Binomial Regression to understand the effects of individuals’ sociodemographic characteristics, financial status, and travel behaviours on car-sharing and ride-hailing usage. The model outcomes indicate that the individuals experiencing financial burden are more likely to use car-sharing services while those with a higher income tend to use ride-hailing. Ride-hailing tends to serve those who have lower miles driven or those who use public transit. Results show that car-sharing and ride-hailing could provide create synergetic impacts to attract more riders to the shared-mobility services. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 436-447 Issue: 4 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1919351 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1919351 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:4:p:436-447 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shaila Jamal Author-X-Name-First: Shaila Author-X-Name-Last: Jamal Author-Name: K. Bruce Newbold Author-X-Name-First: K. Author-X-Name-Last: Bruce Newbold Author-Name: Muhammad Ahsanul Habib Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Ahsanul Author-X-Name-Last: Habib Title: Does the use of smartphones affect discretionary trips? An analysis of smartphone use data from Halifax, Nova Scotia Abstract: This paper explores the impact of smartphone apps on discretionary travel by utilizing a survey of smartphone users in the Canadian city of Halifax, Nova Scotia. Both subjective and objective measures of discretionary trips are analyzed. A number of attributes such as smartphone use for different purposes, individuals’ perceptions and attitudes towards smartphone use and travel, and built environment measures are examined along with socio-demographic characteristics. Overall, results suggest that greater use of smartphone apps increases the number of discretionary trips. Perceptions and attitudes toward app use and travel also affect the number of discretionary trips. The results suggest that those who agreed that smartphone use has improved their daily life are more likely to make fewer social, shopping, and entertainment-related trips. The impact of socio-demographic and built environment attributes is low compared to the other variables considered in the analysis. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 418-435 Issue: 4 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1919350 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1919350 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:4:p:418-435 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. L’Ortye Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: L’Ortye Author-Name: M. Mitici Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Mitici Author-Name: H.G. Visser Author-X-Name-First: H.G. Author-X-Name-Last: Visser Title: Robust flight-to-gate assignment with landside capacity constraints Abstract: At the interface between airport airside and landside operations, the assignment of flights to gates is key to ensure efficient operations and a high quality of service for passengers. We propose a mixed-integer linear program for an integrated flight-to-gate assignment that considers both airside as well as landside constraints on the capabilities of facilities such as check-in, security or transfer to handle passengers. Moreover, our assignment is robust in that it constrains the probability of multiple flights being assigned to the same gate. Having obtained an integrated, robust flight-to-gate assignment, we analyse the associated quality of service at the landside facilities. Overall, our model supports the design of a robust, integrated airside-landside assignment of flights to gates at an airport. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 356-377 Issue: 4 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1919347 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1919347 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:4:p:356-377 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tae Hyun Kim Author-X-Name-First: Tae Hyun Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: Methodology for defining the new optimum level of service in airport passenger terminals Abstract: This paper proposes a methodology based on agent-based simulation to define the new optimum airport level-of-service (LOS) that guides cost-efficient terminal design while providing passengers with a reasonable LOS. It aims to allow at least 50% of passengers to experience the new optimum LOS range while cutting off LOS values during peak and off-peak periods. The simulation also helps to adopt the standard cut-off combination and test the applicability of the methodology. The test reveals that the proposed methodology is useful for establishing an alternative LOS standard that is more cost-efficient and flexible than the conventional IATA standard and could be applicable for other public transport terminals. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 378-399 Issue: 4 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1919348 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1919348 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:4:p:378-399 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria Nordström Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Nordström Author-Name: Albin Engholm Author-X-Name-First: Albin Author-X-Name-Last: Engholm Title: The complexity of value of travel time for self-driving vehicles – a morphological analysis Abstract: Understanding the value of travel time for mobility concepts based on self-driving vehicles is crucial to accurately value transport investments and predict future travel patterns. In this paper, we carry out a morphological analysis to illustrate the diversity of mobility concepts based on self-driving vehicles and the complexity of determining the value of travel time for such concepts. We consider four categories of parameters that directly or indirectly impact the value of travel time: (i) vehicle characteristics, (ii) operating principles, (iii) journey characteristics and (iv) traveler characteristics. The parameters and respective attributes result in a morphological matrix that spans all possible solutions. Out of these, we analyze five plausible solutions based on the implications of the concept characteristics on the total value of travel time. We conclude by suggesting an alternative approach to differentiate value of travel time based on travel characteristics rather than the usual decomposition into transport modes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 400-417 Issue: 4 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1919349 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1919349 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:4:p:400-417 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rasoul Sanaei Author-X-Name-First: Rasoul Author-X-Name-Last: Sanaei Author-Name: Alexander Lau Author-X-Name-First: Alexander Author-X-Name-Last: Lau Author-Name: Volker Gollnick Author-X-Name-First: Volker Author-X-Name-Last: Gollnick Title: A study of capacity regulations to define European air traffic management network states Abstract: The European Air Traffic Management Network is unique in its complexity due to numerous stakeholders, airspace configurations and accommodated traffic volumes. Such complexity challenges both tactical visibility and network resiliency in general. Therefore, we review different perspectives of resiliency and robustness to explore advantages of performance variability in understanding network states. The methodology is based on capturing emergent disruptions as drivers of performance variability. We claim that capacity regulations reveal restorative mechanisms for tactical planning. Consequently, we conduct statistical evaluations to provide quantitative measures for network state definitions. The methodology is even able to distinguish non-nominal disruptions to either crisis or critical states. The proposed approach is then demonstrated by a data sample covering six months. Furthermore, to assess the severity of non-nominal states, we estimate probability distributions for different regulation types. The study is concluded by addressing long-term network resiliency based on estimated probability distributions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 337-355 Issue: 4 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1919346 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1919346 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:4:p:337-355 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jihye Kim Author-X-Name-First: Jihye Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Ikki Kim Author-X-Name-First: Ikki Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Jaeyeob Shim Author-X-Name-First: Jaeyeob Author-X-Name-Last: Shim Title: Calibration and validation of person-based trip production models of optional trip purposes Abstract: Trip generation models are typically calibrated using zone-based aggregated data, despite some theoretical drawbacks pertaining to the use of aggregated data. This study demonstrates that models calibrated with disaggregated data not only have a better theoretical basis, but also forecast more accurate trip productions. In particular, optional trip purposes are focused on the calibration of trip production models, of which trips tend to be irregularly generated, rendering it difficult to build more reliable models. There are three models calibrated: an aggregate model with zone-level data, a disaggregate model with household-level data, and with household and person-level data using household survey data for two years. The prediction accuracy and stability of the models are compared and verified using statistical methods. It is discovered that calibrating a trip production model using household and person-level data jointly yields a better calibration method. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 470-486 Issue: 5 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1927302 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1927302 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:5:p:470-486 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cláudia Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: Cláudia Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira Author-Name: Luís Canhoto Neves Author-X-Name-First: Luís Canhoto Author-X-Name-Last: Neves Title: Macro modelling of traffic flow using continuous timed Petri nets Abstract: In this paper, continuous timed Petri nets (CTPN) are used to develop a hybrid traffic model, where the network is modelled as a macroscopic model and calibrated by microscopic models. The concept of CTPN is used to build a modular model, where first the highway traffic system is decomposed into several systems, based on structural entities (highway segment, on- and off-ramp links), which are coalesced into a complete model. The result is a light, versatile and easily scalable stochastic model for traffic flow. The calibration and validation of the traffic model is performed through the comparison of basic traffic parameters (flow rate, density, and mean speed) obtained through the traffic model implemented and the commercial micro-modelling software, Aimsun, for part of Portugal’s highway network. The results show that the proposed methodology results in a good trade-off between accuracy, simplicity, and computational cost. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 503-523 Issue: 5 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1927304 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1927304 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:5:p:503-523 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Majbah Uddin Author-X-Name-First: Majbah Author-X-Name-Last: Uddin Author-Name: Sabreena Anowar Author-X-Name-First: Sabreena Author-X-Name-Last: Anowar Author-Name: Naveen Eluru Author-X-Name-First: Naveen Author-X-Name-Last: Eluru Title: Modeling freight mode choice using machine learning classifiers: a comparative study using Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) data Abstract: This study explores the usefulness of machine learning classifiers for modeling freight mode choice. We investigate eight commonly used machine learning classifiers, namely Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine, Artificial Neural Network, K-Nearest Neighbors, Classification and Regression Tree, Random Forest, Boosting and Bagging, along with the classical Multinomial Logit model. US 2012 Commodity Flow Survey data are used as the primary data source; we augment it with spatial attributes from secondary data sources. The performance of the classifiers is compared based on prediction accuracy results. The current research also examines the role of sample size and training-testing data split ratios on the predictive ability of the various approaches. In addition, the importance of variables is estimated to determine how the variables influence freight mode choice. The results show that the tree-based ensemble classifiers perform the best. Specifically, Random Forest produces the most accurate predictions, closely followed by Boosting and Bagging. With regard to variable importance, shipment characteristics, such as shipment distance, industry classification of the shipper and shipment size, are the most significant factors for freight mode choice decisions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 543-559 Issue: 5 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1927306 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1927306 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:5:p:543-559 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brittany Chung Author-X-Name-First: Brittany Author-X-Name-Last: Chung Author-Name: Siva Srikukenthiran Author-X-Name-First: Siva Author-X-Name-Last: Srikukenthiran Author-Name: Eric J. Miller Author-X-Name-First: Eric J. Author-X-Name-Last: Miller Author-Name: Khandker Nurul Habib Author-X-Name-First: Khandker Author-X-Name-Last: Nurul Habib Title: An inductive experimental approach to developing a web-based travel survey builder: developing guidelines to design an efficient web-survey platform Abstract: The household travel survey (HTS) is the most widely used passenger travel data collection method, and web-based HTS is currently the most dominant survey mode. However, there is a lack of proper understanding on how much the web-based approach can be used without over-burdening respondents. This study investigates methods to improve web-based HTS data quality and to reduce response burdens. It presents the lessons learned from the development and field experiment of a web survey builder. A particular focus is on designing and testing a trip diary interface through usability tests. These tests include a mouse-movement tracking study, mock web-based HTS experiments with responsive designs, and the use of a route planner application programming interface (API). Results show that creating responsive designs for web-surveys based on screen size can significantly increase completion rates and improve the usability. Collecting detailed routes with a route planner API suggesting most likely routes does not significantly increase respondent fatigue. However, it significantly improves data quality. Household size and the age of the survey respondent are significant contributing factors to survey drop-off rates and respondent fatigue. The paper contributes to the literature on household travel surveys by providing evidence-based design guidelines for web-survey interfaces. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 487-502 Issue: 5 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1927303 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1927303 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:5:p:487-502 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Weining Hao Author-X-Name-First: Weining Author-X-Name-Last: Hao Author-Name: Haiying Li Author-X-Name-First: Haiying Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Lingyun Meng Author-X-Name-First: Lingyun Author-X-Name-Last: Meng Author-Name: Jianrui Miao Author-X-Name-First: Jianrui Author-X-Name-Last: Miao Title: A virtual resource-based method for formulating the safety headway of opposing trains arriving at the same station on a single-track railway line Abstract: In train rescheduling, the arrival and departure times of trains at stations are normally constrained by many operations rules that must be respected. Therefore, different methods were proposed to describe train operations for preventing train conflicts, especially concerning the safety headways. This paper develops a virtual resource-based method in place of the commonly used big-M method and ‘either-or’ constraints for reformulating the safety headway of opposing trains arriving at the same station on a single-track rail. This new formulation can provide an efficient decomposition mechanism by decomposing the original complex problem into several single train-based subproblems. A resource-oriented mixed-integer linear programming model based on a time-space network is developed to minimize the total train delay time with cumulative flow variables used to describe time-space resources occupation. We also present a set of numerical experiments based on a single-track railway line in China to evaluate the validity of the proposed method. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 524-542 Issue: 5 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1927305 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1927305 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:5:p:524-542 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yu Song Author-X-Name-First: Yu Author-X-Name-Last: Song Author-Name: Madhav V. Chitturi Author-X-Name-First: Madhav V. Author-X-Name-Last: Chitturi Author-Name: Chris McCahill Author-X-Name-First: Chris Author-X-Name-Last: McCahill Author-Name: David A. Noyce Author-X-Name-First: David A. Author-X-Name-Last: Noyce Title: People’s attitudes toward automated vehicle and transit integration: case study of small urban areas Abstract: Previous surveys of people’s attitudes toward automated vehicles (AVs) and transit integration have primarily taken place in large urban areas. AV-transit integration also has a great potential in small urban areas. This paper is based on a survey of people’s attitudes towards AV-transit integration carried out in two small urban areas in the US State of Wisconsin. A total of 266 finished responses were analyzed using text mining, factor analysis, and regression analysis. Results show that respondents know about AVs and driving assistance technologies and welcome AV-transit integration but are unsure about its potential impacts. Technology-savvy respondents were more positive but had more concerns about AV-transit integration than others. Respondents who enjoyed driving were not necessarily against transit, as they were more positive about AV-transit integration and were more willing to use automated buses than those who did not enjoy driving as much. Transit users were more positive toward AV-transit integration than non-transit users. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 449-469 Issue: 5 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1927301 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1927301 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:5:p:449-469 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shaojie Liu Author-X-Name-First: Shaojie Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Wei (David) Fan Author-X-Name-First: Wei (David) Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: Investigating the operational performance of connected and autonomous vehicles on signalized superstreets Abstract: With the development of artificial intelligence and wireless communication technology, connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) have been treated as a promising strategy to increase road capacity and mitigate traffic congestion. Besides the technology of CAVs, innovative intersection design was also originally introduced as a countermeasure for dealing with traffic congestion at intersections. Though many studies have been conducted to explore the benefits of CAVs under various transportation scenarios, few have been implemented to explore the impact of CAVs on traffic flow at innovative intersections. Hence, to achieve a better understanding of the impacts of CAVs on existing transportation infrastructure, this study conducts a simulation-based study to investigate the operational performance of CAVs with available Signal Phase and Timing (SPaT) information in the environment of typical innovative intersection design, i.e. superstreets. The impact of CAVs with different market penetration rates on the operational performance of a superstreet is identified. The operational performance of the superstreet increases as the market penetration rate increases overall. Average speed and average traffic delay for vehicles in the superstreet system can be improved with the increase of market penetration rates. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 594-607 Issue: 6 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1943130 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1943130 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:6:p:594-607 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mirko Goletz Author-X-Name-First: Mirko Author-X-Name-Last: Goletz Author-Name: Francisco J. Bahamonde-Birke Author-X-Name-First: Francisco J. Author-X-Name-Last: Bahamonde-Birke Title: The ride-sourcing industry: status-quo and outlook Abstract: Ride-sourcing, the use of private cars to provide on-demand mobility services, first appeared in San Francisco around the year 2010. Since then, transportation network companies (TNCs) who offer ride-sourcing services have expanded all around the world. By examining three case cities (San Francisco, Mexico City, Paris) we explain what facilitated this growth and how the regulation of TNCs differs. Subsequently, an economic analysis discusses the current expansionary strategy of TNCs and their future. We show that TNCs adapt their strategies to local contexts, with first priority to establish themselves in the market, if necessary, using gray regulatory areas, even if they face resistance from city authorities, taxi drivers and other groups, and despite being unprofitable. Our economic model explains this. We show that an unregulated ride-sourcing market leads to monopolistic situations once autonomous vehicles become available. We hence conclude that city authorities need to develop a regulatory framework to maximize social welfare. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 561-576 Issue: 6 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1943128 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1943128 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:6:p:561-576 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Janić Author-X-Name-First: Milan Author-X-Name-Last: Janić Title: An approach to analysing and modelling the reliability of transport services Abstract: A transport system is planned and operated to provide safe, efficient, effective, social and environmentally friendly services to its users – passengers and freight/cargo shippers. These service attributes have also become increasingly important for supporting the future development of contemporary society. At the same time, the system and its modes has been frequently affected by different internal and external disruptive events, usually resulting in the deterioration of the planned performance of transport services. To successfully cope with such conditions, the transport system must be sufficiently reliable, that is, resistant to damage or capable of providing services with a level of performance as close as planned while being affected at the same time. This paper deals with an approach to analysing and modelling the reliability of transport services. This includes elaboration of a concept of reliability, development of analytical models for reliability indicators, and application of these models of indicators to selected cases of road and rail transport services. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 647-678 Issue: 6 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1943133 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1943133 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:6:p:647-678 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Li Song Author-X-Name-First: Li Author-X-Name-Last: Song Author-Name: Wei (David) Fan Author-X-Name-First: Wei (David) Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Author-Name: Pengfei Liu Author-X-Name-First: Pengfei Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: Exploring the effects of connected and automated vehicles at fixed and actuated signalized intersections with different market penetration rates Abstract: To investigate the effects of different market penetration rates (MPRs) of intelligent vehicles – Intelligent Driving Model (IDM) for autonomous vehicles (AVs), Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) for AVs, and Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) – in mixed traffic flows with human driving vehicles (HDVs) at intersections, three signalized intersections (fixed signal, gap-based actuated signal, and delay-based actuated signal-controlled intersections) with low, medium, and high traffic demands are investigated. The simulation results indicate that CAVs with the CACC system outperform AVs with ACC or IDM systems and could reduce the average delay under low and high demand scenarios by 49% to 96%. CAVs with the CACC system could also significantly reduce average delay with a 20% MPR, while significant drops could only be observed after 60% and 80% MPRs for AVs with the ACC/IDM system. Gap-based and delay-based actuated signal control schemes are preferred under medium traffic flow demand, and CACC/ACC systems could significantly improve the performance of actuated signal-controlled intersections under high traffic flow demand. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 577-593 Issue: 6 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1943129 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1943129 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:6:p:577-593 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ruth Murrugarra Author-X-Name-First: Ruth Author-X-Name-Last: Murrugarra Author-Name: William Wallace Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Wallace Author-Name: Wilfredo Yushimito Author-X-Name-First: Wilfredo Author-X-Name-Last: Yushimito Title: The effect of consistency in estimating link travel times: A data fusion approach Abstract: Although attention to data fusion has undergone rapid growth since the late 1980s, there are still relatively few applications in transportation management. Most research has based fusion weight estimation on the variance of each data source, assigning high weights to low variance data, implying that low variance means high accuracy. We propose a data fusion methodology where weights are assigned in a way data variance and sensor bias are minimized, but also consistency among data sources is maximized. The proposed methodology is flexible to work with multiple data sources, with different reliability and variability, and under different traffic conditions. The inclusion of consistency is shown to be statistically significant during special events and incidents and demonstrates its validity in successfully representing changes in traffic patterns by reasonably estimating their magnitude. Results from a case study that validate this method are shown. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 608-628 Issue: 6 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1943131 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1943131 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:6:p:608-628 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Junze Wang Author-X-Name-First: Junze Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Sheng Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Sheng Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Wei Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Richard Evans Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Evans Title: Why people adopt smart transportation services: an integrated model of TAM, trust and perceived risk Abstract: Advancements in emerging technologies have brought remarkable socio-technical changes to how people communicate, Smart transportation and urban mobility have become high priority topics for city planners and policymakers as cities seek to become more desirable to citizens. However, few empirical studies have critically examined factors that affect user acceptance of Smart Transportation Services (STS) and their impact. Grounded in perceived risk and trust theory, and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this paper examines the impact of users’ antecedents on the acceptance of smart transportation services. We use structural equation modeling to conduct an empirical analysis of questionnaire data collected from a sample of users in China. Results show that trust and reducing perceived security risk and perceived privacy risk can enhance users’ trust in STS. Our findings provide important practical implications for governments and service providers for improving the acceptance rate of smart transportation services in China. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 629-646 Issue: 6 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1943132 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1943132 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:6:p:629-646 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jagat K. Shrestha Author-X-Name-First: Jagat K. Author-X-Name-Last: Shrestha Author-Name: Pramesh Pudasaini Author-X-Name-First: Pramesh Author-X-Name-Last: Pudasaini Author-Name: Lorenzo Mussone Author-X-Name-First: Lorenzo Author-X-Name-Last: Mussone Title: Rural road network performance and pre-disaster planning: an assessment methodology considering redundancy Abstract: This paper introduces a new methodology to evaluate the performance of rural road networks when a link in the network is disrupted due to events such as natural disasters, accidents, and maintenance closures. As a measure of network resilience, we propose a simpler approach to quantify redundancy by introducing two indices that link the concept of road network redundancy with the increase in travel distance of the overall network when a road link fails. We apply the problem formulation to a real-world rural road network which was heavily affected by the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake in Nepal. Based on the results from our analyses, we found these indices easy to use, pragmatic, and reliable for the case under study. With the proposed tool, decision-makers can predict and monitor the performance of rural road networks for pre-disaster (or pre-disruption) planning, thereby ensuring the smooth connectivity for goods and services during emergencies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 726-743 Issue: 7 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1956809 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1956809 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:7:p:726-743 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jie Feng Author-X-Name-First: Jie Author-X-Name-Last: Feng Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Jinfu Zhu Author-X-Name-First: Jinfu Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu Title: Exploring the effect of airport incentive programs: the practice of Narita International Airport Abstract: Incentive programs are widely used by airports as a marketing tool to attract new services. Empirical evidence regarding the effects of an isolated incentive program is yet to be explored. In this paper, we focus on airports located in Asia to detect the mechanisms, results and effects of the incentive program initiated by Narita International Airport, Japan. We present non-financial and financial indices to explore the effects of incentive schemes. For the non-financial aspect, the retention rate of new air services under incentives is explicitly defined and calculated. Regarding the financial impact, the costs and revenues and tourism revenues of flights under incentive schemes are calculated to estimate the incentive program’s financial and economic effects. The results demonstrate that the ‘2015RDP’ incentive program initiated by Narita International Airport has met its strategic goals and achieved success in attracting new services, as well as generating additional revenue for the airport and tourism industry. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 785-806 Issue: 7 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1956812 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1956812 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:7:p:785-806 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Orva Stephen Agbe Author-X-Name-First: Orva Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Agbe Author-Name: Yasuhiro Shiomi Author-X-Name-First: Yasuhiro Author-X-Name-Last: Shiomi Title: A feasibility study for mobility as a service in suburban areas Abstract: Mobility as a Service (MaaS) promises a competitive transportation alternative to the private car such that mobility services are combined as packages and offered to users on demand. As this new mobility concept gains attention globally, many cities are eager to try it. This is a feasibility study to understand users’ preferences, potential demand and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for MaaS in suburban areas. Data were collected from 560 residents and analyzed with their travel behavior and personal characteristics. A logistic regression model was used to account for the acceptability of MaaS, choice behavior and WTP predictors. The results show that over 60% of residents would not use MaaS; however, 30% agreed to use MaaS and are willing to pay for it. This indicates that there may be a market for MaaS in Shiga, the study area. This study provides insights into the implementation of MaaS and spurs further research. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 695-713 Issue: 7 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1956807 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1956807 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:7:p:695-713 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chandra Balijepalli Author-X-Name-First: Chandra Author-X-Name-Last: Balijepalli Author-Name: Dennis Alima Author-X-Name-First: Dennis Author-X-Name-Last: Alima Title: Understanding the influence of a downstream-side bus stop on saturation flows at an isolated junction Abstract: This research investigates how saturation flow is affected by bus stops and analyses whether the standard equation used in the UK is adequate for estimating the saturation flow of an approach, especially in the presence of a downstream-side bus stop. As part of the study, we undertook a survey of saturation flows at several junctions in the city of Leeds in England and seek to explain the factors affecting them, taking into account the bus stop located nearby. We develop bootstrapping regression models to explain the difference between the observed and estimated saturation flows and propose an extension to the standard model, accounting for the bus stop located nearby. Finally, this paper illustrates the methods developed and reports on how performance can be improved by reconfiguring a junction. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 760-784 Issue: 7 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1956811 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1956811 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:7:p:760-784 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ryan Terry Author-X-Name-First: Ryan Author-X-Name-Last: Terry Author-Name: Mahmut Yasar Author-X-Name-First: Mahmut Author-X-Name-Last: Yasar Author-Name: Jianling Li Author-X-Name-First: Jianling Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: Who benefits more? The heterogeneous impact of highways on employment growth Abstract: This paper explores the relationship between the stock of interstate highways on employment growth of counties in Texas between 1983 and 2012. Using the Chernozhukov-Hansen instrumental variables quantile regression (IVQR) method, we examine the heterogeneous impact that highways have on employment growth at different quantiles of the conditional distribution while at the same time controlling for potential endogeneity. The results show that the employment growth effect monotonically increases as one shifts from the lower tail to the upper tail of the distribution. The range is 0.15 to 0.44, with the highest at the 95th quantile, compared to 0.189 for OLS and 0.213 for 2SLS. A 10 percent increase in interstate highway kilometers in 1983 led to about a 1.5 to 4.4 percentage point increase in county employment over a 29-year period. Our results also indicate that the counties with low initial levels of employment grew faster than those with a high initial level of employment and that this convergence monotonically decreases from the lower tail to the upper tail of the growth distribution. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 744-759 Issue: 7 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1956810 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1956810 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:7:p:744-759 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pei-Chun Lin Author-X-Name-First: Pei-Chun Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Author-Name: Chung-Wei Shen Author-X-Name-First: Chung-Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Shen Author-Name: Jenhung Wang Author-X-Name-First: Jenhung Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: The bus-type taxi: a better demonstration of ride-sharing than Uber Taiwan Abstract: This study addresses a capacitated vehicle routing problem with time windows and simultaneous pickup and delivery (VRPTWPD) for scheduling bus-type taxis formerly served by regular buses. The effects of varying the maximum number of passenger seats on service quality and costs are investigated. Taiwan's government has subsidized public transport in order to ensure consistency between service shifts and demands, improve the efficiency of public transport operations, and maintain an ongoing supply of services while reducing the number of scooters and/or private cars on roads to minimize traffic congestion. Ultimately, the intent is to reduce government subsidies further and maintain service quality at reasonable levels. Transit planners have also introduced the Demand Responsive Transit System (DRTS) to connect routes. Particularity in rural areas, local transit planners have replaced buses with taxis to form a bus-type taxi service that increases efficiency. As a consequence, the transit service in low-density or rural areas has not been abandoned. The study acknowledges that optimal routes for successful bus-type taxis services vary by area. Routing and scheduling results will assist route planners' efforts to provide sufficient transit services in rural areas. The study results also suggest that further reductions in government subsidies are possible. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 714-725 Issue: 7 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1956808 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1956808 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:7:p:714-725 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alexander Bigazzi Author-X-Name-First: Alexander Author-X-Name-Last: Bigazzi Author-Name: Elmira Berjisian Author-X-Name-First: Elmira Author-X-Name-Last: Berjisian Title: Modeling the impacts of electric bicycle purchase incentive program designs Abstract: Governments are interested in incentivizing e-bike adoption, due to potential benefits from displacing travel by private automobile. To inform the development of e-bike purchase incentive programs, the objective of this paper is to determine how key elements of program design (particularly rebate amounts and structure) are expected to affect new e-bike purchases. An aggregate demand model is developed and applied to rebate scenarios to examine incentive effectiveness. Results show that rebate programs are expected to be bound by available rebates, not e-bike demand, and additional bike shop revenues exceed rebate costs. At a fixed program budget, fewer, larger rebates yield fewer additional sales, but a larger share of rebates go to low-income and new (marginal) purchasers. Flat and proportional rebate structures yield similar sales, although flat rebates are more income-equitable. Flat rebates are recommended for new e-bike incentive programs, with robust program evaluations to inform future program designs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 679-694 Issue: 7 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1956806 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1956806 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:7:p:679-694 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shakil Khan Author-X-Name-First: Shakil Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Author-Name: Hanna Maoh Author-X-Name-First: Hanna Author-X-Name-Last: Maoh Title: Battery electric vehicle acquisition timeframes in Canadian fleets Abstract: Investigating the acquisition timeframe of battery-electric vehicles (BEVs) could help identify the conditions needed to entice fleet operating entities (FOEs) to lean towards early fleet electrification. This paper addresses this issue by estimating ordered logit models with data collected from an online survey. The results suggest differences in the acquisition timeframes of government and corporate FOEs. In general, corporate FOEs tend to have a shorter acquisition timeframe. The significant factors for a shorter acquisition timeframe include the size and location of the FOEs, availability of on-site charging infrastructure, and existence of regulatory imperatives in fleet procurement. The propensity of a shorter acquisition timeframe for car fleets is higher for FOEs with an economically driven attitude. Similarly, the acquisition of utility fleets is shorter for government FOEs with economically driven attitudes and corporate FOEs with early adopter attitudes. Likewise, the acquisition of pickup truck fleets is shorter for corporate FOEs with obligatory attitudes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 807-826 Issue: 8 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1992176 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1992176 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:8:p:807-826 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuanmeng Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Yuanmeng Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Jie Cao Author-X-Name-First: Jie Author-X-Name-Last: Cao Author-Name: Hong Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Hong Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Zongli Liu Author-X-Name-First: Zongli Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Title: A deep learning traffic flow prediction framework based on multi-channel graph convolution Abstract: Accurate and timely traffic flow prediction is a critical part of the steps to alleviate traffic congestion. Fully considering the spatial–temporal dependencies of traffic flow is the key to accurately predicting traffic flow. Addressing the problem that traditional methods are difficult to capture the complex spatial–temporal dependence of urban traffic flow, and therefore cannot meet the accuracy requirements for medium and long-term prediction tasks, this paper uses Graph Convolution (GCN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) methods to capture time and space dependence through data analysis, and proposes a new type of deep learning model MCGC-LSTM. GCN is utilized to learn spatial dependence by analyzing the topological structure of an urban road traffic network, while LSTM is utilized to learn temporal dependence by analyzing the dynamic changes of traffic flow. The experimental results based on a real data set show that this method can achieve better prediction accuracy. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 887-900 Issue: 8 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1992180 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1992180 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:8:p:887-900 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Junseo Bae Author-X-Name-First: Junseo Author-X-Name-Last: Bae Title: A supervised learning approach to calibrating annual average daily traffic against highway roadworks: the impact of demographic and weather conditions Abstract: Annual average daily traffic (AADT) is an essential parameter to evaluate the level of mobility in large urban corridors often affected by highway roadworks. However, very little is known about AADT calibration methods that can project the impact of highway roadworks. This study draws upon 13,152 data points collected from the M8 motorway in Scotland, U.K., to propose a machine-learning-driven schematic calibration methodology that can extract the impact of highway roadworks from existing AADT measurements. The robustness of the proposed model is rigorously tested and validated. As the first of its kind, this study provides practical equation models that can extract the impact of roadworks under different demographic and weather conditions from the given AADT. This study should assist governmental transportation agencies in estimating the potential impact of highway roadworks from the very beginning procedures of developing transportation management plans, which is hidden from a single figure of historical AADT. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 901-916 Issue: 8 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1992181 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1992181 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:8:p:901-916 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adriano Tanda Author-X-Name-First: Adriano Author-X-Name-Last: Tanda Author-Name: Alberto De Marco Author-X-Name-First: Alberto Author-X-Name-Last: De Marco Title: The value propositions of Smart City Mobility projects Abstract: Public city administrators who have been seeking to reduce traffic congestion and pollution, while improving livability and economic competitiveness, via increased investment in promising Smart City (SC) Mobility solutions. However, despite scholarly interest and booming market of solutions and technologies, there is still the need to unlock the value that SC Mobility projects can bring and to understand how these projects define and deliver value. To this end, this study presents an empirical analysis of 300 mobility projects internationally. Projects are scrutinized according to a business model framework and the variety of project characteristics are analyzed. Classification of business modeling characteristics of SC Mobility projects is given, illustrating the main benefits and objectives of smart mobility projects and how such value is generated and distributed among stakeholders. The resulting implications are two-fold. First, it helps scholars with a common business model reference to evaluate SC Mobility projects. Second, it supports the decision-making processes of both public and private organizations and acts as a best practice guide for design and implementation of innovative SC Mobility projects. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 860-886 Issue: 8 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1992179 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1992179 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:8:p:860-886 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aleksandar Janjić Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandar Author-X-Name-Last: Janjić Author-Name: Lazar Velimirović Author-X-Name-First: Lazar Author-X-Name-Last: Velimirović Author-Name: Jelena Velimirović Author-X-Name-First: Jelena Author-X-Name-Last: Velimirović Author-Name: Petar Vranić Author-X-Name-First: Petar Author-X-Name-Last: Vranić Title: Estimating the optimal number and locations of electric vehicle charging stations: the application of multi-criteria p-median methodology Abstract: Recent developments related to the widespread utilization of electric vehicles (EV) have required the building of sound and reliable public charging networks. In the literature, this task has usually been approached by optimizing the spatial distribution of a predefined number of stations, based on a number of selection criteria. Our study provides a new multi-criteria approach to the optimization of both charging station numbers and locations. The optimization procedure is based on the fulfilment of the following criteria: EV installation costs, walking distances to the charging station locations, location safety, access to parking, and power distribution network capacity. The novel methodology used for the analysis is the p-median based modified with an iterative approach and distances weighted with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. The optimal number and site selection methodology of charging stations are verified based on a case study of the city of Niš (Serbia). Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 827-842 Issue: 8 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1992177 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1992177 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:8:p:827-842 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thi My Thanh Truong Author-X-Name-First: Thi My Thanh Author-X-Name-Last: Truong Author-Name: Hai-Bang Ly Author-X-Name-First: Hai-Bang Author-X-Name-Last: Ly Author-Name: Dongwoo Lee Author-X-Name-First: Dongwoo Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Binh Thai Pham Author-X-Name-First: Binh Thai Author-X-Name-Last: Pham Author-Name: Sybil Derrible Author-X-Name-First: Sybil Author-X-Name-Last: Derrible Title: Analyzing travel behavior in Hanoi using Support Vector Machine Abstract: This study investigates travel decisions (i.e. travel mode and destination) in Hanoi (Vietnam) using Support Vector Machine (SVM). First, a travel interview survey was conducted and 311 responses were collected across Hanoi. Second, a SVM model was trained to predict travel decisions and compared with a multinomial logit (MNL) model (as a benchmark). Third, the most important variables that affect travel decisions were ranked and discussed. The results show that SVM achieves an accuracy of 76.1% (compared to 72.9% for MNL). Moreover, proposed parking charges, household income, trip mode, and trip cost are found to be the most important variables. In contrast, trip purpose, gender, and occupation are found to negatively affect the model. Overall, low travel cost and low motorcycle parking charges, especially for commuters and shoppers, make people less willing to switch to more sustainable modes such as public and active transport. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 843-859 Issue: 8 Volume: 44 Year: 2021 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.1992178 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.1992178 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:44:y:2021:i:8:p:843-859 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Raj Bridgelall Author-X-Name-First: Raj Author-X-Name-Last: Bridgelall Author-Name: Denver D. Tolliver Author-X-Name-First: Denver D. Author-X-Name-Last: Tolliver Title: Budgeting for the adoption of sensors on connected trains Abstract: Railroads can save significant sums of money by deploying multi-sensor track scanners on connected trains to detect track and roadbed problems that could cause accidents. However, uncertainties about performance and return-on-investment have impeded the development and deployment of such sensor systems. This research develops a budget model that both manufacturers and railroads can use to decide on a suitable trade-off between price affordability and achievable performance. A case study of five Class 1 railroads in the U.S. demonstrates that a payback within two years is achievable at U.S.$4000 per device and an annual maintenance cost of one-quarter of the system deployment cost. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 100-116 Issue: 1 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.2017205 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.2017205 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:1:p:100-116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Annesha Enam Author-X-Name-First: Annesha Author-X-Name-Last: Enam Author-Name: Ali Ardeshiri Author-X-Name-First: Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Ardeshiri Author-Name: Taha H. Rashidi Author-X-Name-First: Taha H. Author-X-Name-Last: Rashidi Author-Name: Joshua Auld Author-X-Name-First: Joshua Author-X-Name-Last: Auld Title: Do automated vehicle (AV) enthusiasts value travel time differently from cautious travelers? an exploration of travelers’ attitudes towards AV Abstract: The anticipation of automated vehicles (AV) has resulted in diverse research topics, including understanding the adoption and usage of this emerging mode. Using attitudinal indicators, this paper identifies prevalent types of attitudes towards AV. It then explores the variation of those attitudes across different demographic groups and quantifies the influence of these attitudes on the preference for AV. The paper uses stated preference survey data collected among respondents of Chicago in 2019. The exploratory factor analysis of the attitudinal indicators identifies four factors, namely ‘Cautious Travelers’, ‘Hedonists’, ‘Utilitarians’, and ‘Safety-First’. Next, the paper develops an integrated choice and latent variable model to test the influence of these four types of attitudes on the preference for AV. The results indicate that the cautious travelers associate higher Value of Travel Time (VOTT) to AV and enthusiasts associate lower VOTT to AV than a base model without such attitudes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 19-38 Issue: 1 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.2017208 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.2017208 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:1:p:19-38 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jishnu Narayan Author-X-Name-First: Jishnu Author-X-Name-Last: Narayan Author-Name: Oded Cats Author-X-Name-First: Oded Author-X-Name-Last: Cats Author-Name: Niels van Oort Author-X-Name-First: Niels Author-X-Name-Last: van Oort Author-Name: Serge Paul Hoogendoorn Author-X-Name-First: Serge Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Hoogendoorn Title: On the scalability of private and pooled on-demand services for urban mobility in Amsterdam Abstract: The emergence of on-demand transport services is set to change the mobility landscape in urban areas. This study investigates the potential scalability of an on-demand mobility system to substitute motorised trips performed by private cars and public transport in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. We adopt an agent-based simulation framework and investigate scenarios where either private and pooled on-demand services replace private car trips, public transport trips, or both private car and public transport trips. Service performance in terms of level of service offered and operational efficiency are analysed. Results indicate that pooled on-demand services fare better than private on-demand in terms of veh-km travelled and the empty drive ratio. Private on-demand services generate 43%, 38%, and 44% more veh-km than pooled on-demand services when on-demand services replace car trips, public transport trips, or car and public transport trips, respectively. However, private on-demand services offer shorter total travel times than pooled on-demand for all scenarios. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 2-18 Issue: 1 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.2017214 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.2017214 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:1:p:2-18 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abdul Haseeb Khan Babar Author-X-Name-First: Abdul Haseeb Author-X-Name-Last: Khan Babar Author-Name: Ali Yousaf Author-X-Name-First: Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Yousaf Title: Optimization of charging infrastructure planning for plug-in electric vehicles based on a dynamic programming model Abstract: Electric vehicles (EV) are a new mode of transportations that are replacing conventional vehicles. However, EVs face the problem of insufficient charging infrastructure which limits their drive range. Furthermore, the limited resources of countries are also a major problem faced by EVs in infrastructure planning and development. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes a model, comprising several techniques that allocate the limited resources optimally. Moreover, the model also identifies the location and number of stations required for maximizing the drive range of EVs. The methods used in the model are Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) for the recording of data, Dynamic Programming (DP) for optimal allocation of resources, and the center of gravity (COG) method to check the feasibility of the results obtained by DP. The model is applied to a case study of a motorway system in Pakistan to identify and optimally allocate charging stations along the route that connects the four major cities of Pakistan. The optimized allocation of limited resources using the proposed model simultaneously takes into account the flow, distance, resource limit, and range limit of EVs while building charging infrastructure plans. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 59-75 Issue: 1 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.2017207 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.2017207 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:1:p:59-75 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Gillingwater Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Gillingwater Title: Editorial Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-1 Issue: 1 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2031657 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2031657 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:1:p:1-1 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wentao Yu Author-X-Name-First: Wentao Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Huijun Sun Author-X-Name-First: Huijun Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Author-Name: Jianjun Wu Author-X-Name-First: Jianjun Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Ying Lv Author-X-Name-First: Ying Author-X-Name-Last: Lv Author-Name: Xiaoting Shang Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoting Author-X-Name-Last: Shang Author-Name: Xiang Wang Author-X-Name-First: Xiang Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Mapping multimodal random accessibility using smart card data: a case study of bus and subway stations in Beijing Abstract: Research on multimodal accessibility under uncertain travel time has become a significant issue. Existing studies on accessibility lack a direct integration of multi-source data accessibility evaluation methods. This paper develops a multimodal random accessibility model (MR model). Multi-source data is integrated with a built-in joint calculation method of walking time, waiting time, and transit time while considering the effects of both the travel time budget in the time dimension and distance friction parameter in the spatial dimension. Taking Beijing as an example, accessibility generally shows a downward trend from the center of the city to the suburbs, especially along the subway lines, and there is a positive correlation between traffic flow and accessibility. The low-accessible high-flow area is mainly distributed in areas away from the city center and at the end of subway lines. These results could help transport planners formulate more reasonable public transport planning policies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 76-99 Issue: 1 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.2017206 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.2017206 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:1:p:76-99 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ali Soltani Author-X-Name-First: Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Soltani Author-Name: Andrew Allan Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Allan Author-Name: Dorina Pojani Author-X-Name-First: Dorina Author-X-Name-Last: Pojani Author-Name: Fahimeh Khalaj Author-X-Name-First: Fahimeh Author-X-Name-Last: Khalaj Author-Name: Milad Mehdizadeh Author-X-Name-First: Milad Author-X-Name-Last: Mehdizadeh Title: Users and non-users of bikesharing: how do they differ? Abstract: What makes some people eschew bikesharing? What distinguishes users from non-users? The present study examines the transport priorities and socio-demographic characteristics of both users and non-users of bikesharing in the context of Adelaide, an Australian metropolis of 1.3 million people. We apply statistical techniques, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and two-level Nested Logit (NL) modelling, to original survey data collected in 2018. We find that younger age, digital literacy, full-time work status, household size, and certain transport priority dimensions which we term Safekeeping, Ease, and Fitness, are key factors associated with the likelihood of choosing or shunning bikesharing as a mode of transport. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 39-58 Issue: 1 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2021.2017215 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2021.2017215 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:1:p:39-58 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Classio Joao Mendiate Author-X-Name-First: Classio Joao Author-X-Name-Last: Mendiate Author-Name: Alphonse Nkurunziza Author-X-Name-First: Alphonse Author-X-Name-Last: Nkurunziza Author-Name: Julio A. Soria-Lara Author-X-Name-First: Julio A. Author-X-Name-Last: Soria-Lara Author-Name: Andres Monzon Author-X-Name-First: Andres Author-X-Name-Last: Monzon Title: Exploring Users’ perceptions of factors influencing cycling route choice: A perspective from Quelimane, Mozambique Abstract: Cyclists are more sensitive to weather conditions and the surrounding environment than other road users, so cycling route choice is influenced by the departure time and built-environment characteristics. Drawn from empirical data collected from 898 cycling commuters in Quelimane, Mozambique, this study examines how three cycling segments, Demanding cyclists (DC), Cautious cyclists (CC) and Forced cyclists (FC), perceive various cycling route choice factors. The Kruskal–Wallis test is used for analysis, and the results show that FC departing in cool-hours and CC departing in hot-hours and in the transition between cool/hot-hours perceive traffic speed as an important cycling route choice factor. For the built-environment, for those cycling within the inner-city, FC and CC cite lack of tree cover as an influential route choice factor. CC who cycle in the city-periphery perceive traffic speed as important. DC and CC who cycle frequently between the inner-city/city-periphery perceive cycling distance as a strong factor. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 119-137 Issue: 2 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2088535 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2088535 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:2:p:119-137 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xavier Harmony Author-X-Name-First: Xavier Author-X-Name-Last: Harmony Title: Can transportation network companies replace the bus? An evaluation of shared mobility operating costs Abstract: Municipal governments struggle with providing accessible mobility for constituents without overburdening them with service costs. While transit offers many advantages, the cost of providing services can be prohibitive. Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) are a mobility alternative. This research answers the following question: Can TNCs be economically feasible as a replacement for bus? U.S. Federal Transit Administration (FTA) National Transit Database (NTD) data was evaluated finding that while TNCs could replace transit in some instances (23% of cases for an exclusive TNC option; 45% of cases for shared TNCs) most of the time bus will be more cost effective. Three agency characteristics were identified to anticipate TNC cost effectiveness: ridership, service area density, and average bus operating speeds. Overall, while TNCs are unlikely to be able to replace transit completely in most cases, their flexibility allows public entities to be more creative when making mobility policy and operational decisions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 138-158 Issue: 2 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2080677 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2080677 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:2:p:138-158 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simon Blainey Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Blainey Title: 50 years of Transportation Planning and Technology: an anniversary and a new chapter Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 117-118 Issue: 2 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2073698 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2073698 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:2:p:117-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Boniphace Kutela Author-X-Name-First: Boniphace Author-X-Name-Last: Kutela Author-Name: Norris Novat Author-X-Name-First: Norris Author-X-Name-Last: Novat Author-Name: Emmanuel Kofi Adanu Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel Kofi Author-X-Name-Last: Adanu Author-Name: Emmanuel Kidando Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel Author-X-Name-Last: Kidando Author-Name: Neema Langa Author-X-Name-First: Neema Author-X-Name-Last: Langa Title: Analysis of residents’ stated preferences of shared micro-mobility devices using regression-text mining approach Abstract: Prior to establishing micro-mobility schemes, operators gather residents’ willingness to use them. However, an inadequate survey setting may lead to demand over- or under-estimation. This study used survey data from Gilbert City, Arizona, to understand the implications of the stated preferences of micro-mobility devices. The application of multinomial logit regression and text networks revealed a great disparity between the stated ‘want’ and ‘use’ of micro-mobility devices. Male residents were more likely to respond that they wanted and would use electric scooters. Conversely, older residents were less likely to respond that they wanted and would use either electric scooters or dockless bikes. High-income residents were more likely to want either electric scooters or docked bike-sharing in the city, but do not plan to use them. Additionally, residents’ comments focused more on electric scooters than other schemes. The implications of the findings to operators, engineers, and planners are discussed in the study. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 159-178 Issue: 2 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2089145 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2089145 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:2:p:159-178 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Takanori Sakai Author-X-Name-First: Takanori Author-X-Name-Last: Sakai Author-Name: Yusuke Hara Author-X-Name-First: Yusuke Author-X-Name-Last: Hara Author-Name: Ravi Seshadri Author-X-Name-First: Ravi Author-X-Name-Last: Seshadri Author-Name: André Romano Alho Author-X-Name-First: André Romano Author-X-Name-Last: Alho Author-Name: Md Sami Hasnine Author-X-Name-First: Md Sami Author-X-Name-Last: Hasnine Author-Name: Peiyu Jing Author-X-Name-First: Peiyu Author-X-Name-Last: Jing Author-Name: ZhiYuan Chua Author-X-Name-First: ZhiYuan Author-X-Name-Last: Chua Author-Name: Moshe Ben-Akiva Author-X-Name-First: Moshe Author-X-Name-Last: Ben-Akiva Title: Household-based E-commerce demand modeling for an agent-based urban transportation simulation platform Abstract: The e-commerce market has grown rapidly in the past two decades. The need for predicting e-commerce demand and evaluating relevant policies and solutions is increasing. However, the existing simulation models for e-commerce demand are still limited and do not consider the impacts of delivery options and their attributes that shoppers face on multiple dimensions of e-commerce demand. We propose a novel framework involving disaggregate behavioral models that jointly predict e-commerce expenditure, purchase amount per transaction, delivery mode, and option choices. The proposed framework can simulate the changes in e-commerce demand and be used to evaluate the impacts of a range of policies and solutions. We specify the model parameters based on various sources of relevant information, integrate the model into an urban freight simulator, and conduct a demonstrative simulation for a prototypical North American city. The results of the analysis highlight the capability and applicability of the proposed modeling framework. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 179-201 Issue: 2 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2084397 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2084397 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:2:p:179-201 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2093874_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Shaojie Liu Author-X-Name-First: Shaojie Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Wei (David) Fan Author-X-Name-First: Wei (David) Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: Platooning-based trajectory planning of connected and autonomous vehicles at superstreets Abstract: Alternative intersection designs are popular existing strategies that can be used for handling heavy traffic in the U.S., and research on the performance of CAVs in the alternative intersection design can complement our knowledge of the impact of CAVs. Hence, this research attempts to mitigate this research gap through a simulation-based study on a superstreet, one of the popular alternative intersection designs. A real-world superstreet is selected for the simulation-based study with collected traffic volumes and average speeds. HDVs are modeled using Wiedemann 99 with calibrated parameters while CAVs are modeled using the intelligent driver model (IDM). Platooning and trajectory planning capabilities of CAVs are modeled in the designed simulation. The simulation results show that the proposed framework for CAVs can successfully reduce fuel consumption in different market penetration rates and traffic scales. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 251-267 Issue: 3 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2093874 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2093874 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:3:p:251-267 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2103559_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Zhengyu Duan Author-X-Name-First: Zhengyu Author-X-Name-Last: Duan Author-Name: Xiaolei Liu Author-X-Name-First: Xiaolei Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Qing Yu Author-X-Name-First: Qing Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Yi Li Author-X-Name-First: Yi Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: Analyzing detour behavior of metro passengers based on mobile phone data Abstract: In this paper, a method of metro-passenger path extraction based on mobile phone data is presented. Paths that differ from theoretical optimal paths derived from the shortest-path model are identified as detours. According to transfer times or the effect on passenger flow of the metro network, two classification methods for detours are proposed. Based on analysis of one-month mobile phone data in Shanghai, China, 10.45% of trips are identified as detours. Without considering detours, the accuracy of the theoretical model in predicting passenger flow by segment is only 69.43%. Detours with as equal transfers as on theoretically optimal paths (ETs) occur mainly at the stations far away from the city center. Detours with more transfers (MTs) occur in the center city. Detours with fewer transfers (FTs) occur in stations on the loop line. To alleviate congestion on the metro network, FTs should be encouraged and others should be discouraged. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 289-309 Issue: 3 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2103559 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2103559 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:3:p:289-309 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2105339_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Tomoru Hiramatsu Author-X-Name-First: Tomoru Author-X-Name-Last: Hiramatsu Title: Impact of autonomous vehicles on the choice of residential locality Abstract: Introducing autonomous vehicles (AVs) reduces generalized transportation costs and encourages people to relocate. Understanding the subsequent changes in urban structure can help predict the future development of urban economies and policies. Transportation connects multiple zones in cities, and by improving traffic flow and ease directly impacts the economies of various markets. Each direct impact then also indirectly affects related markets. Therefore, a spatial computable general equilibrium model that connects multiple zones via a transportation network is suitable for analyzing the impact of a new transport system. This study constructs a model to simulate the effects of AVs on residential location choice. The results show that increased prevalence of AVs steers people toward suburbs with poor public transportation. Thus, high-income workers react more to technological progress, while low-income workers react more to lowered ownership costs. Consumers’ location choices and budgets also affect residential zones’ development. Therefore, regional policy goals must be clarified and appropriate target consumer groups set when introducing AVs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 268-288 Issue: 3 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2105339 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2105339 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:3:p:268-288 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2094930_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Ines Österle Author-X-Name-First: Ines Author-X-Name-Last: Österle Author-Name: Christian Ulrich Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Ulrich Author-Name: Sebastian Herwartz-Polster Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian Author-X-Name-Last: Herwartz-Polster Author-Name: Sebastian Sigle Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian Author-X-Name-Last: Sigle Author-Name: Jürgen Weimer Author-X-Name-First: Jürgen Author-X-Name-Last: Weimer Author-Name: Marcus Conzelmann Author-X-Name-First: Marcus Author-X-Name-Last: Conzelmann Author-Name: Tobias Fleck Author-X-Name-First: Tobias Author-X-Name-Last: Fleck Author-Name: Marc Zofka Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Zofka Title: Benefits and costs of shared, modular automated vehicles for freight and passenger transport: the case of U-Shift Abstract: This study analyses the costs and benefits of fully automated vehicles, operated as part of a ride-sharing system and it compares two alternative technological solutions. For the first solution, automated driving is enabled by hardware and software fully incorporated in the vehicle. For the second solution, automated driving of vehicles is supported by ‘smart roads’ and vehicle movements are coordinated by a central traffic management centre. The study conducts a cost–benefit analysis of these options and a Base Case. The results demonstrate the economic viability of both technological alternatives and show that benefits from improvements in road safety, air pollution and CO2 emissions outweigh costs. The results further demonstrate that the infrastructure-based automation approach is a more cost-efficient way to enable full automation of driving, compared to the current industry-driven approach which is based on vehicles where automated driving tasks are not supported by the road infrastructure. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 203-225 Issue: 3 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2094930 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2094930 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:3:p:203-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2092736_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f Author-Name: Mohammad Anwar Alattar Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Anwar Author-X-Name-Last: Alattar Author-Name: Caitlin Cottrill Author-X-Name-First: Caitlin Author-X-Name-Last: Cottrill Author-Name: Mark Beecroft Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Beecroft Title: Exploring informants’ perspectives on the role of crowdsourced active travel data Abstract: In the era of ubiquitous technology, crowdsourced data is an emerging frontier for active travel (AT) studies. In this work, we utilize accrued knowledge from interviews and previous literature regarding crowdsourced data strengths, challenges, usefulness and reliability for future informants who seek to embrace crowdsourced data. We review four main types of crowdsourced data: social fitness networks, in-house developed apps, bike sharing systems and participatory mapping. The strengths of crowdsourced data include providing fine data coverage, precision, details, immediacy and empowering users to participate in decision-making. Potential challenges that might arise from adopting this data are related to technical, privacy, proprietorship, financial and data fragmentation factors. In terms of usefulness, crowdsourced data lend themselves to before and after analysis, assessing current infrastructure, and investment prioritization. Reliability issues that may undermine the credibility of crowdsourced data are also discussed, as well as remedies for these concerns. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 226-250 Issue: 3 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2092736 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2092736 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:3:p:226-250 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2110103_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Pei-Chun Lin Author-X-Name-First: Pei-Chun Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Author-Name: Chung-Wei Shen Author-X-Name-First: Chung-Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Shen Author-Name: Jenhung Wang Author-X-Name-First: Jenhung Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Chuan-Ming Yang Author-X-Name-First: Chuan-Ming Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: Spatial analysis of accidents involving food delivery motorcycles in Taiwan Abstract: The study explored whether the growth of food-delivery services has affected motorcycle accident patterns. When riders check their phones for directions and orders, safety risks rise. The study conducted analysis on the spatial pattern of motorcycle accidents. Separate models for food delivery and non-food delivery motorcycle accidents (FDMAs vs. NFDMAs) were built to detect differences, and the relative importance of spatial features particular to FDMAs is discussed. Trends in motorcycle accidents in Taiwan changed from 2012 to 2019. The cross-sectional analysis revealed that hotel and restaurant density along with FDMAs reported in the previous year can predict the number of FDMAs; whereas the number of NFDMAs can be determined by population density and the number of 3-legged intersections. The spatial analysis of motorcycle accidents help increase couriers’ risk awareness in specific workplaces, provide insurance companies with a benchmark for regional pricing differentiation, and offer support for distracted riding regulations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 335-357 Issue: 4 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2110103 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2110103 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:4:p:335-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2110102_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Hoang Thuy Linh Author-X-Name-First: Hoang Thuy Author-X-Name-Last: Linh Author-Name: Nguyen Hoang-Tung Author-X-Name-First: Nguyen Author-X-Name-Last: Hoang-Tung Author-Name: Vu Anh Tuan Author-X-Name-First: Vu Anh Author-X-Name-Last: Tuan Author-Name: Muhammad Adnan Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Author-X-Name-Last: Adnan Author-Name: Tom Bellemans Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Bellemans Title: Heterogeneity in behavioural response to pricing policies in the transition from motorcycles to private cars in motorcycle-based societies Abstract: Pricing instruments are widely seen as an effective tool for reducing the travel demand for private vehicles. In contrast to developed countries, the design of pricing policies in certain developing countries is more challenging, owing to the mixed use of private cars and motorcycles. This study argues for the existence of a transitional group of motorcycle users who will switch to being car users. An investigation of the behavioural responses to a pricing policy from private car users and motorcycle users is implemented in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. A propensity score-matching technique is used to identify the transitional group. The results regarding the mode choice models for various pricing policies show similar responses between the transitional motorcycle users and car users. Such characteristics of the transitional group imply that ignorance of travellers’ heterogeneity may cause significant bias, especially when modelling pricing policies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 311-334 Issue: 4 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2110102 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2110102 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:4:p:311-334 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2111430_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Yunfei Ma Author-X-Name-First: Yunfei Author-X-Name-Last: Ma Author-Name: Amir Amiri Author-X-Name-First: Amir Author-X-Name-Last: Amiri Author-Name: Elkafi Hassini Author-X-Name-First: Elkafi Author-X-Name-Last: Hassini Author-Name: Saiedeh Razavi Author-X-Name-First: Saiedeh Author-X-Name-Last: Razavi Title: Transportation data visualization with a focus on freight: a literature review Abstract: Road-based freight movements are a critical component of the supply chain and transportation networks. With the drive to invest in big data collection capabilities, most of the collected freight movement data remain underutilized. To improve the efficiency and resiliency of the supply chain, it is essential to enhance the visibility of goods movements on road networks. To this end, we provide in this paper a comprehensive literature review on this topic and analyze the previous research from different perspectives, such as data levels of abstraction and existing visualization techniques. In addition, we provide a taxonomy of freight transportation visualization according to the underlying analytic objective. Furthermore, we propose a decision support tool to aid freight data analysts in selecting the right visualization tools. Finally, we identify research gaps in the field of freight transportation visualization.Highlights Systematic bibliometric analysis of state of art research related to location-based telematics data visualizationApplications for location-based telematics data based on different levels of abstractionA taxonomy for visualization techniques for location-based telematics data and possible application in freight transportationA proposed decision support tool for selecting possible visualization techniques based on the abstraction and availability of dataDiscussion of challenges and future research direction for freight transportation data visualization Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 358-401 Issue: 4 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2111430 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2111430 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:4:p:358-401 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2122465_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Maria Nikoletta Asimakopoulou Author-X-Name-First: Maria Nikoletta Author-X-Name-Last: Asimakopoulou Author-Name: Lambros Mitropoulos Author-X-Name-First: Lambros Author-X-Name-Last: Mitropoulos Author-Name: Christina Milioti Author-X-Name-First: Christina Author-X-Name-Last: Milioti Title: Exploring factors affecting ridesharing users in academic institutes in the region of Attica, Greece Abstract: The advent of ridesharing introduced changes in transportation planning and raised issues regarding its acceptance and usage by potential users. This study contributes to the existing ridesharing literature by focusing on the implementation of ridesharing services in academic institutes. An online survey is deployed in the Region of Attica, Greece to explore the factors that may contribute towards using ridesharing to travel to and from academic institutes by using a service that is hosted by the institute and offered only to its registered students and employees. In total 844 respondents completed the survey. Identified factors for ridesharing passengers are grouped into: (1) reasons, (2) motives, and (3) constraints, and three models are developed by using ordinal logistic regression. An additional model is built for ridesharing drivers. Results for passengers suggest that reasons for ridesharing, such as, sustainability, socializing, and travel cost, and motives for ridesharing, such as the payment method, passenger awards, and number of passengers, are among significant factors that affect passengers to rideshare. Security and driver experience may hinder participation in ridesharing services in academic institutes. The study concludes with a discussion for transportation planners and service providers for implementing successful ridesharing services. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 449-472 Issue: 5 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2122465 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2122465 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:5:p:449-472 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2115044_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Zhen Liu Author-X-Name-First: Zhen Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Qingsong Ma Author-X-Name-First: Qingsong Author-X-Name-Last: Ma Author-Name: Haichuan Tang Author-X-Name-First: Haichuan Author-X-Name-Last: Tang Author-Name: Jiebo Li Author-X-Name-First: Jiebo Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Ping Wang Author-X-Name-First: Ping Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Qing He Author-X-Name-First: Qing Author-X-Name-Last: He Title: Forecasting estimated times of arrival of US freight trains Abstract: Due to various reasons, variabilities in freight train travel time may be significant, yielding considerable challenges to forecasting the estimated time of arrival (ETA). Based on historical railway ETA data, this study first analyzes the shared route, then converts the historical data information of a train into multiple time data points, and finally, builds a tree-based model selection framework using the random forest algorithm (RF) and a feature weighted K-nearest neighbor algorithm (FWKNN) to create a phased prediction model. In terms of time, we study the use of different algorithms to predict the ETA of freight trains at various locations on freight train routes. In this study, the proposed method was tested on the dataset of the 2021 The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) Railway Applications Section (RAS) problem solving competition and won 2nd place. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 427-448 Issue: 5 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2115044 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2115044 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:5:p:427-448 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2115043_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Moayad Shammut Author-X-Name-First: Moayad Author-X-Name-Last: Shammut Author-Name: Muhammad Imran Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Author-X-Name-Last: Imran Author-Name: Faraz Hasan Author-X-Name-First: Faraz Author-X-Name-Last: Hasan Title: Conceptualising the adoption of safer autonomous mobilities Abstract: The safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is considered a high-priority area that has yet to be fully understood and more comprehensively addressed to enable their large-scale adoption. The current literature lacks a cohesive conceptual framework for a holistic understanding of AVs implications. This paper develops a framework that conceptualises the safety impacts of AVs more holistically. Through the theoretical lens of a ‘mobilities’ paradigm, the conceptual framework encompasses four dimensions – social, political, technological, and economic mobilities – unveiling a range of hidden complexities and challenges in adopting AVs. It suggests that a successful transition towards safer AV systems would initially require greater understanding of how these four dimensions are interrelated, interdependent, and complex. The value of this framework is to enable policymakers, planners, and engineers to navigate the future of autonomous mobilities optimally. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 403-426 Issue: 5 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2115043 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2115043 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:5:p:403-426 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2136177_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Mutasem Alzoubaidi Author-X-Name-First: Mutasem Author-X-Name-Last: Alzoubaidi Author-Name: Milan Zlatkovic Author-X-Name-First: Milan Author-X-Name-Last: Zlatkovic Title: Operational assessment of continuous flow intersections in a connected vehicle environment Abstract: In this study, the operational performance of the joint deployment of Connected Vehicles (CVs) and Continuous Flow Intersections (CFIs) is evaluated in a simulation environment built using VISSIM. The operational effect of various Market Penetration Rates (MPRs) of CVs at full and partial CFIs is studied. CV communication protocols that help exchange vehicles’ and signal controllers’ latitude/longitude coordinates via the Vehicle-to-Infrastructure communications are developed, programmed in Python and deployed in the VISSIM’s models. Additionally, two-tailed t-tests were conducted to examine the statistical significance of the results. The findings indicate that the deployment of CV technology at CFIs improved the overall operational performance substantially for all the studied scenarios and performance measures. Specifically, travel times, delays and queue lengths were reduced by 65.3%, 29.2% and 57.8%, respectively, at the 100% MPR. It was found that higher MPRs would lead to greater operational benefits. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 524-543 Issue: 6 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2136177 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2136177 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:6:p:524-543 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2132947_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Hyuk-Jae Roh Author-X-Name-First: Hyuk-Jae Author-X-Name-Last: Roh Title: A study on securing model usefulness through geographical scalability testing of winter weather model developed with big traffic data Abstract: Few previous studies have conducted spatial transferability of the winter traffic models’ parameters between homogeneous and heterogeneous road segments during the winter season. This research pursues the purpose of using traffic data collected from five WIM sites in Alberta, Canada. Winter traffic models are developed for one weigh-in-motion site, and the other four sites, each representing different traffic characteristics, are used to verify the spatial transferability of the developed model. This research aggregated the traffic data into three vehicle types to develop winter traffic models by associating traffic data with climatic information. This research has demonstrated that the winter traffic models developed for the roads serving one specific travel population can be transferred with high accuracy to homogeneous and heterogeneous road segments. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 473-497 Issue: 6 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2132947 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2132947 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:6:p:473-497 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2134128_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Zongyuan Wu Author-X-Name-First: Zongyuan Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Author-Name: Ben Waterson Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Waterson Author-Name: Bani Anvari Author-X-Name-First: Bani Author-X-Name-Last: Anvari Title: Developing and evaluating a coordinated person-based signal control paradigm in a corridor network Abstract: Connected Vehicles (CVs) provide both vehicle trajectory data and occupancy information to the junction controller, which make person-based signal controls to be possible by realizing the importance of reducing person delay. This study presents a coordinated person-based signal control algorithm (C-PBC), which has extended a previously developed approach from isolated junctions to multiple junctions. C-PBC incorporates vehicle information that is outside the CV communication range from the adjacent junction. It also updates data inputs for signal optimization algorithms based on formulated different arrival vehicle trajectory situations and coordinated data supplement algorithms. The developed algorithm has been evaluated using simulation with benchmarking signal control methods under a variety of scenarios involving CV penetration rates and predictive horizons. The results indicate that C-PBC is able to significantly improve person delay reduction when compared with fixed time control and vehicle-based control using CV data in 100% CV penetration rate under saturated flow conditions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 498-523 Issue: 6 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2134128 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2134128 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:6:p:498-523 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2147177_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Justin S. Chang Author-X-Name-First: Justin S. Author-X-Name-Last: Chang Author-Name: Sunhwa Kim Author-X-Name-First: Sunhwa Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Node centrality of North Korean Railways Abstract: This study explored the node centrality of North Korean railways. The analysis was conducted based on the weighted network using the number of routes as the weight. Two node types, stations and municipalities, were considered, and three modified centrality measures, strength, betweenness, and closeness centrality, were applied. The municipality-based analysis supplied more reliable outcomes than the station-based approach, and identified Pyongyang, Gowon, and Manpo as the critical nodes. Node centrality just slightly changed when weights were differently assigned to passenger and freight services because most stations, except 17 passenger-only stations, handle passenger and goods services. The findings have two policy implications for unified Korean railways. First, the Donghae line is not less important than the Gyeongui line because the East Sea rail corridor passes through Gowon and can support international trade between Russia and reunified Korea. Second, Manpo should be the primary border station to China, being a more influential node than existing Sinuiju station. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 573-587 Issue: 7 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2147177 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2147177 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:7:p:573-587 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2134866_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Erik Almlöf Author-X-Name-First: Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Almlöf Author-Name: Xiaoyun Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoyun Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Anna Pernestål Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Pernestål Author-Name: Erik Jenelius Author-X-Name-First: Erik Author-X-Name-Last: Jenelius Author-Name: Mikael Nybacka Author-X-Name-First: Mikael Author-X-Name-Last: Nybacka Title: Frameworks for assessing societal impacts of automated driving technology Abstract: Numerous studies have studied the impacts of automated driving (AD) technology on e.g. accident rates or CO2 emissions using various frameworks. In this paper we present an overview of previous frameworks used for societal impacts and review their advantages and limitations. Additionally, we introduce the Total Impact Assessment (TIA) framework developed by the Swedish Transport Administration and use this framework to evaluate three scenarios for AD bus services in Stockholm. We conclude that the reviewed frameworks cover different aspects of AD technology, and that e.g. cybersecurity and biodiversity are areas largely neglected. Furthermore, most frameworks assume effects to be homogenous, when there may be large variation in e.g. perceived security. The TIA framework does not manage to include all societal aspects of AD technology, but has great benefits and manages to provide important insights of the societal impacts of AD technology, especially how effects may wary for different actors. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 545-572 Issue: 7 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2134866 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2134866 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:7:p:545-572 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2134127_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Ali Edrisi Author-X-Name-First: Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Edrisi Author-Name: Houmaan Ganjipour Author-X-Name-First: Houmaan Author-X-Name-Last: Ganjipour Title: Factors affecting intention and attitude toward sidewalk autonomous delivery robots among online shoppers Abstract: Sidewalk autonomous delivery robots (SADRs) are a new last-mile delivery service. The present study aims to identify the factors impacting the adoption of SADRs among Iranian online shoppers. To this end, based on consumer coproduction theory and technology readiness (TR), this paper combined individual factors, socialized factor, and risk factors. A total of 287 respondents were surveyed using an online questionnaire, and the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed to model the data. The modelling results revealed that attitude, innovativeness, and optimism had positive impacts on the intention of consumers to use delivery robots. Furthermore, optimism and environmental concern had a positive impact on attitude, while the need for human interaction, performance risk, and delivery risk had negative impacts. However, no significant relationship was found between innovativeness and attitude. The results of the present study provide important theoretical and practical suggestions to marketers and delivery service provides. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 588-609 Issue: 7 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2134127 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2134127 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:7:p:588-609 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2150858_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Megan M. Bruwer Author-X-Name-First: Megan M. Author-X-Name-Last: Bruwer Author-Name: Ian Walker Author-X-Name-First: Ian Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Author-Name: Simen J. Andersen Author-X-Name-First: Simen J. Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen Title: The impact of probe sample bias on the accuracy of commercial floating car data speeds Abstract: Floating car data (FCD) reliability studies regularly report differences between FCD and benchmark speeds, called speed bias. Comparatively few studies consider factors causing speed bias. Various researchers have suggested, but not proven, that the sample of probes reporting FCD may result in FCD accuracy discrepancies between regions and sources. This paper defines a new FCD accuracy contributor – sample bias – and offers the first statistically motivated investigation of the impact that the FCD sample has on FCD accuracy, measured by speed bias. Evidence for sample bias is considered by observing how speed bias is impacted by region and FCD source. The magnitude of speed bias on freeways differed significantly between six cities in South Africa (p < .001) and between two commercial FCD sources (p = .046), from which it is inferred that sample bias does impact FCD speed bias. These findings inform the application of FCD for comparative studies and overall accuracy. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 611-628 Issue: 8 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2150858 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2150858 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:8:p:611-628 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2142588_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: I. Mariñas-Collado Author-X-Name-First: I. Author-X-Name-Last: Mariñas-Collado Author-Name: A. E. Sipols Author-X-Name-First: A. E. Author-X-Name-Last: Sipols Author-Name: M. T. Santos-Martín Author-X-Name-First: M. T. Author-X-Name-Last: Santos-Martín Author-Name: E. Frutos-Bernal Author-X-Name-First: E. Author-X-Name-Last: Frutos-Bernal Title: Forecasting using dynamic factor models with cluster structure at Barcelona subway stations Abstract: Dynamic factor models are a powerful technique for analysing vast volumes of data, more precisely, time series. However, the large volumes of data that come from public transport networks tend to have heterogeneity and a cluster structure. In this paper, Dynamic Factor Models with Cluster Structure (DFMCS) are used to forecast hourly entrances in the different stations of the Barcelona subway network. The main and most novel contribution lies in the use of clustering techniques to make an initial grouping of the behaviour of the elements belonging to the time series, in order to subsequently be able to predict future patterns. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 671-685 Issue: 8 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2142588 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2142588 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:8:p:671-685 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2150622_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: N. G. Harris Author-X-Name-First: N. G. Author-X-Name-Last: Harris Author-Name: A. Barron Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Barron Author-Name: J. Ehizele Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Ehizele Title: Understanding the variability in station stop times Abstract: The understanding and management of station stops continues to be a key issue in the operation of urban railways. Further to the recent re-working of an international dataset to provide global estimates of passenger alighting and boarding rates, this paper disaggregates these by type of railway and geographical context. These disaggregations demonstrate interesting variations reflecting plausible hypotheses about differences in passenger flow resulting from local circumstances and present a range of data for use by other researchers. Nevertheless, the preferred models generally demonstrate passenger alighting rates to be most significantly affected by the number of alighters, vestibule load/capacity and the number of doors per carriage, while the most statistically significant variables determining passenger boarding rates are the number of boarders, the vestibule load (passengers who neither alight nor board), platform width and vestibule size. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 643-670 Issue: 8 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2150622 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2150622 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:8:p:643-670 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2132948_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Suraj Ghosh Author-X-Name-First: Suraj Author-X-Name-Last: Ghosh Author-Name: Biplab Sarkar Author-X-Name-First: Biplab Author-X-Name-Last: Sarkar Title: Examining the cost-effectiveness of electric vehicle policy in India Abstract: Deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) is being widely used by governments across the world as a policy tool to mitigate the catastrophic effects of global warming and climate change. However, the demand for EVs has been slow in many large automotive markets, including India. To increase the uptake of EVs in India, the central government has introduced a new consumer incentive program and a special tax rate for EVs. In this paper, we estimate the cost-effectiveness of these EV promotion programs in achieving CO2 emission reduction for each State in India. We use emission data of the chosen vehicle and CO2 emission intensity data of each State’s power grid for computation. The results are then compared to other benchmark investments in climate change mitigation. The findings indicate that subsidizing EVs may not be the most cost-efficient method to achieve CO2 reduction. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 629-642 Issue: 8 Volume: 45 Year: 2022 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2132948 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2132948 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:45:y:2022:i:8:p:629-642 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2162052_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Elias K. Xidias Author-X-Name-First: Elias K. Author-X-Name-Last: Xidias Author-Name: Ilias E. Panagiotopoulos Author-X-Name-First: Ilias E. Author-X-Name-Last: Panagiotopoulos Author-Name: Paraskevi Th. Zacharia Author-X-Name-First: Paraskevi Th. Author-X-Name-Last: Zacharia Title: An intelligent management system for relocating semi-autonomous shared vehicles Abstract: Car sharing services with Semi-Autonomous Electric Vehicles (SAEVs) represent an emerging transportation scheme which may comprise an important link in the green mobility chain for smart city operations. The main goal of the present paper is to introduce and develop an intelligent management system for the efficient relocation of SAEVs within the urban car-sharing context. A novel relocation strategy is analyzed regarding the upcoming technology of platooning. Considering real urban road networks for SAEVs, routing decisions are assessed based on the traffic conditions and energy efficiency. Fuzzy logic concepts are incorporated into the proposed system to simulate the uncertainty related to the roads’ traffic conditions. The problem addressed in this work is a constrained optimization problem. Solutions to the addressed problem are yielded using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) in accordance with the fuzzy logic module. Simulated experiments over the city of Patras (Greece) show the efficiency of the developed approach. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 93-118 Issue: 1 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2162052 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2162052 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:1:p:93-118 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2159407_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Amor Ariza-Álvarez Author-X-Name-First: Amor Author-X-Name-Last: Ariza-Álvarez Author-Name: M. Eugenia López-Lambas Author-X-Name-First: M. Eugenia Author-X-Name-Last: López-Lambas Author-Name: Julio A. Soria-Lara Author-X-Name-First: Julio A. Author-X-Name-Last: Soria-Lara Title: Analysing the acceptance of autonomous buses in real-life traffic environments: pilot project with tourists in Malaga, Spain Abstract: Despite the significant technological progress with Autonomous Buses (ABs), there is still a limited understanding how users perceive and experience large, mass transit ABs in real-life traffic environments. This paper follows a pilot project on AB use by tourists in the city of Malaga, Spain. Discrete choice analysis was employed to study their willingness to use the AB and the passengers’ actual satisfaction on board the AB. The obtained results reveal higher willingness levels to adopt ABs among individuals more open to new technologies and more environmentally conscious. Higher levels of satisfaction on board are reported by older passengers, women, employed, private vehicle users, and people with environmental consciousness and openness to new technologies. Finally, the research discusses how socio-demographics and personality-related barriers affect the further implementation of autonomous mobility in public transportation systems, adding new reflections on the capacity of ABs to support or even replace conventional buses. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 71-92 Issue: 1 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2159407 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2159407 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:1:p:71-92 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2160718_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Roya Etminani-Ghasrodashti Author-X-Name-First: Roya Author-X-Name-Last: Etminani-Ghasrodashti Author-Name: Greg Hladik Author-X-Name-First: Greg Author-X-Name-Last: Hladik Author-Name: Sharareh Kermanshachi Author-X-Name-First: Sharareh Author-X-Name-Last: Kermanshachi Author-Name: Jay Michael Rosenberger Author-X-Name-First: Jay Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Rosenberger Author-Name: Muhammad Arif Khan Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Author-X-Name-Last: Arif Khan Author-Name: Ann Foss Author-X-Name-First: Ann Author-X-Name-Last: Foss Title: Exploring shared travel behavior of university students Abstract: This study aims to identify young adults’ travel behavior using ridesharing services. We analyze data from an online survey of university students, regarding three free ridesharing services, including fixed-route, on-demand, and shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs). Ordinal regression and structural equation model (SEM) are employed to explore the frequency of service usage. Results indicate that most students had never taken a ride by available ridesharing services due to their preferences for using private vehicles and lack of service information. Regression results reveal that individuals’ usual mode of transportation and residential location significantly influence ridesharing behavior. Our results also show significant associations between travel attitudes and students’ travel behavior. We also found that shared on-demand and autonomous vehicle services could complement fixed-route services. Further research is needed on the link between young people's adoption of integrated ridesharing transportation services. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 22-44 Issue: 1 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2160718 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2160718 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:1:p:22-44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2162518_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Matthias N. Sweet Author-X-Name-First: Matthias N. Author-X-Name-Last: Sweet Author-Name: Darren M. Scott Author-X-Name-First: Darren M. Author-X-Name-Last: Scott Author-Name: Samira Hamiditehrani Author-X-Name-First: Samira Author-X-Name-Last: Hamiditehrani Title: Who will adopt private automated vehicles and automated shuttle buses? Testing the roles of past experience and performance expectancy Abstract: To better plan for potential impacts of automated vehicles (AV), this study investigates the effects of performance expectancy and experience, based on the Unified Theory of the Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), on willingness to pay for private automated vehicles (PAVs) and intention to use an automated shuttle bus. Using survey data (N = 2658) from Southern Ontario, Canada, experience is separated into two constructs: experience with partially automated vehicles and experience with public transit. Results indicate that the impacts of performance expectancy are strongest, that AV experience and transit experience impact PAV adoption, but that transit experience is only linked with intention to use an automated shuttle bus. Findings paint a complex picture of the application of common technology adoption models to transportation planning, as the notion of ‘experience’ is multi-dimensional and suggests complex pathways towards shifting from existing mobility options towards new alternatives, such as PAVs and shuttle buses. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 45-70 Issue: 1 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2162518 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2162518 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:1:p:45-70 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2160453_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Shaojie Liu Author-X-Name-First: Shaojie Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Wei (David) Fan Author-X-Name-First: Wei (David) Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: A simulation study on the traffic delay and fuel consumption of connected and autonomous vehicles in superstreet with platooning, signal optimization, and trajectory planning Abstract: Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) are a promising technology that is ready to be deployed in the near future to improve the traffic efficiency and safety as well as environment. Extensive studies have been done to investigate the potential performance of CAVs on freeways, at roundabouts, and conventional intersections. Nevertheless, innovative intersections, as an important component of today’s transportation infrastructure, have been seldom investigated in relation to the performance of CAVs. Hence, this research is designed to examine how CAV technologies can influence the performance of a superstreet, one of the popular innovative intersection designs. In this research, the car-following model, platooning, trajectory planning, and adaptive signal control are specified for CAVs and signal controllers in a superstreet. An equivalent conventional intersection with the same lane configurations is also constructed in the simulation environment to make a fair comparison and gain important insights. More importantly, the findings from this research may provide references for studies on other innovative intersections which share similar design characteristics. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 119-144 Issue: 1 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2160453 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2160453 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:1:p:119-144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2152454_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Lixun Liu Author-X-Name-First: Lixun Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Adam Dennett Author-X-Name-First: Adam Author-X-Name-Last: Dennett Author-Name: Robin Hickman Author-X-Name-First: Robin Author-X-Name-Last: Hickman Title: Social equity impacts of rail transit investments using community perceptions: evidence from Chongqing Abstract: Urban transit systems have differential impacts across population groups, including the perceptions of impacts. Nevertheless, the evaluation of difference in perceived benefits of transport investment is under researched, and few attempts have been made to quantify the extent to which transport provision meets users’ requirements. This paper explores how the impact of rail transit on development and regeneration differs across different income groups and migrants, assessing equity dimensions that arise through surveys on residents’ perceptions, using evidence from Chongqing, China. The analysis utilises both MANOVA and discriminant analysis. The result shows that the lowest income group perceives they benefit least from the rail transit impacts, while the highest income group perceives they benefit most. There is a significant unequal perceived benefit distribution between migrants and local residents within the low-income groups. Reflections are made on policies and planning interventions which might be introduced to achieve greater social equity in impacts. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-21 Issue: 1 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2152454 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2152454 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:1:p:1-21 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2166509_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Cem Ersöz Author-X-Name-First: Cem Author-X-Name-Last: Ersöz Author-Name: Filiz Karaman Author-X-Name-First: Filiz Author-X-Name-Last: Karaman Title: Centrality and connectivity analysis of the European airports: a weighted complex network approach Abstract: This study aims to reveal the structure of the European Airport Network (EAN) using concepts from complex network theory by utilising 2019 passenger data collected from Eurostat. Initially, the EAN was explored by computing connectivity and centrality measures and their correlations. The community structure of the EAN was also examined by modularity maximisation using the relatively new Leiden algorithm. When the network was compared with simulated models, it was observed that the EAN had small-world and scale-free properties. To measure the hub performance of the airports, their binary betweenness centrality was compared with a weighted betweenness measure employing the ratio of geographical distance to passenger traffic between the nodes. A significant difference was observed between the two centrality measures. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 200-223 Issue: 2 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2166509 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2166509 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:2:p:200-223 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2176308_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Tianjia Yang Author-X-Name-First: Tianjia Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Wei (David) Fan Author-X-Name-First: Wei (David) Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: Evaluation of transit signal priority at signalized intersections under connected vehicle environment Abstract: Conventional transit signal priority (TSP) control strategies generally have negative impacts on other traffic. In this study, two typical signal control strategies under connected vehicle (CV) environment that give priority to transit vehicles at signalized intersections are investigated, i.e. actuated TSP with CV and optimized TSP with CV. The optimization algorithm used in this study is genetic algorithm (GA) and the goal of the optimization is to minimize the total person delay. A real-world intersection is modeled in a microsimulation environment to evaluate the performance. The results are compared with fully actuated signal control strategies with and without TSP. Results show that the proposed optimization control strategy can reduce the average bus delay by 24.5% during peak hours while minimizing the negative impacts on conflicting traffic. Under the low traffic demand condition, the actuated controller with TSP using CV has a better performance in terms of average delay. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 145-159 Issue: 2 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2176308 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2176308 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:2:p:145-159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2166508_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Hossein Moradi Author-X-Name-First: Hossein Author-X-Name-Last: Moradi Author-Name: Sara Sasaninejad Author-X-Name-First: Sara Author-X-Name-Last: Sasaninejad Author-Name: Sabine Wittevrongel Author-X-Name-First: Sabine Author-X-Name-Last: Wittevrongel Author-Name: Joris Walraevens Author-X-Name-First: Joris Author-X-Name-Last: Walraevens Title: Dynamically estimating saturation flow rate at signalized intersections: a data-driven technique Abstract: Connected Vehicles (CVs) could enhance traffic management systems by providing detailed and real-time information. Theoretically, such information can be exploited for the provision of efficient movement of traffic, especially at intersections identified as the bottlenecks of traffic systems. Aimed at the same purpose, this paper uses information of CVs to estimate the Saturation Flow Rate (SFR), particularly in the transition period during which CVs and conventional vehicles will coexist. To this end, we retain the advantages of data-driven techniques to capture the underlying dynamics of the SFR by considering information of CVs as the only input. In this regard, we correlate the dynamic variations of the SFR to the mutual interactions among the contributing parameters extracted from the limited pieces of CVs’ information using a neural network. Comprehensive simulations under precisely designed settings in VISSIM show a hoped-for SFR estimation accuracy level, which can further augment intelligent intersection controller initiatives. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 160-181 Issue: 2 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2166508 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2166508 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:2:p:160-181 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2175829_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Chun-Ying Chen Author-X-Name-First: Chun-Ying Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Shangyao Yan Author-X-Name-First: Shangyao Author-X-Name-Last: Yan Author-Name: Yu-Sian Cheng Author-X-Name-First: Yu-Sian Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng Title: Aviation police manpower supply planning under stochastic demands for airport security inspection duties Abstract: With the increasing number of passengers moving through airports worldwide, security inspection duty arrangements are becoming more and more important, and planning more and more difficult. To design a good aviation police manpower supply plan, the planner not only has to consider operating costs but also the variation and uncertainty of manpower demands encountered in actual operations. This study adopts mathematical programming techniques to construct a stochastic aviation police manpower supply model for airport security inspection duties. The mathematical programming software CPLEX is used to solve the model directly. The effectiveness of the proposed model is evaluated in a case study performed using the relevant data collected from the Taiwan Aviation Police Bureau with some reasonable assumptions. Different strategies are tested. The results demonstrate that the proposed model could be a useful and practical planning support tool for decision-makers. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 224-240 Issue: 2 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2175829 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2175829 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:2:p:224-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2164581_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Dohoon Kim Author-X-Name-First: Dohoon Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Author-Name: Eungcheol Kim Author-X-Name-First: Eungcheol Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Development of LSTM-MLR hybrid model for radar detector missing and outlier traffic volume correction Abstract: Traffic volume data collected by radar detector contain inherent types of errors that are hard to observe. Therefore, the identification of missing data and outliers based on reliable verification volume data is essential, and the development of a methodology for correcting detector traffic data while considering various specificities at the detector installation sites is required. This study proposed a deep-learning-based long short-term memory–multiple linear regression (LSTM–MLR) hybrid model. First, the corrected detector traffic volume was calculated via the MLR model after the preprocessing of the missing and outlier detector traffic volumes. Second, the corrected radar detector traffic volume was learned via the LSTM model to predict the detector traffic volume for the target time periods. The results confirmed a correction effect in terms of radar detector traffic volume data at most of the 30 target sites. The results of this study provide three contributions. First, the missing and outlier traffic volume correction algorithm is easy to apply and can be applied to traffic volume data collected from various detectors. Second, the MLR model developed in this study derived a causal relationship between the traffic volume of the detector and the complex factors that could not reveal the obvious cause, such as the undetected small car driving next to a large vehicle and the radio transmission/reception problem. Third, complex neural networks and dropout techniques to avoid overfitting do not necessarily improve prediction accuracy. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 182-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2164581 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2164581 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:2:p:182-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2162053_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Jieya Yang Author-X-Name-First: Jieya Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Linoj Vijayan Author-X-Name-First: Linoj Author-X-Name-Last: Vijayan Author-Name: Mahyar Ghorbanzadeh Author-X-Name-First: Mahyar Author-X-Name-Last: Ghorbanzadeh Author-Name: Onur Alisan Author-X-Name-First: Onur Author-X-Name-Last: Alisan Author-Name: Eren Erman Ozguven Author-X-Name-First: Eren Erman Author-X-Name-Last: Ozguven Author-Name: Wenrui Huang Author-X-Name-First: Wenrui Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Author-Name: Simone Burns Author-X-Name-First: Simone Author-X-Name-Last: Burns Title: Integrating storm surge modeling and accessibility analysis for planning of special-needs hurricane shelters in Panama City, Florida Abstract: We investigated the transportation accessibility of special needs populations to Special Needs Shelters (SpNS) by incorporating storm surge modeling into hurricane shelter planning in Panama City, a medium-sized city located close to the landfall location of Hurricane Michael. The storm surge model validated for Hurricane Michael was used to predict the coastal inundation. Using this model, A Geographical Information Systems (GIS)-based optimization methodology was developed for evaluating the accessibility to special needs shelters and repurposing existing regular hurricane shelters for special needs populations. With the proposed optimization approach, the average travel time per person-trip decreased from 28.5 minutes to 7.4 minutes after repurposing one regular shelter and to 4.3 minutes when three regular shelters converted to SpNS. Emergency plans can be improved by the proposed methodology, which can estimate the inundation zones by storm surge modeling and allocate the emerging shelter demand by accessibility analysis and location modeling. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 241-261 Issue: 2 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2022.2162053 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2022.2162053 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:2:p:241-261 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2182784_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: H. Zhou Author-X-Name-First: H. Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou Author-Name: J. L. Dorsman Author-X-Name-First: J. L. Author-X-Name-Last: Dorsman Author-Name: M. Mandjes Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Mandjes Author-Name: M. Snelder Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Snelder Title: On the use of common random numbers in activity-based travel demand modeling for scenario comparison Abstract: Activity-based travel demand models provide a high level of detail when modeling complex travel behavior. Since stochastic simulation is used, however, this high level may induce large random fluctuations in the output, necessitating many model reruns to produce reliable output. This may become prohibitive in terms of computation time when comparing travel behavior between multiple scenarios, in which case each scenario requires its own simulation. To alleviate this issue, we study the use of common random numbers, which is a technique that reuses the same random numbers for choices made by travelers between scenarios. This ensures that any observed difference in output across scenarios cannot be attributed to mutual differences in drawn random numbers, eliminating an important source of random fluctuation. We demonstrate by a numerical study that common random numbers can greatly reduce the number of runs needed, and thus also the required computation time, to obtain reliable output. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 359-379 Issue: 3 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2182784 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2182784 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:3:p:359-379 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2182785_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Li Song Author-X-Name-First: Li Author-X-Name-Last: Song Author-Name: Wei (David) Fan Author-X-Name-First: Wei (David) Author-X-Name-Last: Fan Title: Intersection capacity adjustments considering different market penetration rates of connected and automated vehicles Abstract: To better prepare and guide both intersection planning and operations under different market penetration rates (MPRs) of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) and traffic demands, this research estimates both the lane-level and intersection-level capacity. On the lane-level, adjustment factors for saturation headway and saturation traffic flow rate for each lane under different MPRs of CAVs are investigated. On the intersection-level, the maximum throughput function for different MPRs of CAVs is calibrated. With 100% CAVs, the saturation headways for the exclusive through lane, exclusive left-turn lane, and shared-right-and-through lane decrease by 55.8%, 48.9%, and 42.4%, respectively. The maximum throughput of the intersection with 100% CAVs increases by 70% compared to the scenario with only human driving vehicles (HDVs). Moreover, the maximum throughput increases rapidly after 60% MPRs of CAVs. The research could provide a solid reference for traffic engineers and planners in calculating the intersection capacity under different MPRs of CAVs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 286-303 Issue: 3 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2182785 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2182785 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:3:p:286-303 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2188215_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Yin-Yann Chen Author-X-Name-First: Yin-Yann Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Tzu-Li Chen Author-X-Name-First: Tzu-Li Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Chun-Chih Chiu Author-X-Name-First: Chun-Chih Author-X-Name-Last: Chiu Author-Name: Yi-Jia Wu Author-X-Name-First: Yi-Jia Author-X-Name-Last: Wu Title: A multi-trip vehicle routing problem considering time windows and limited duration under a heterogeneous fleet and parking constraints in cold supply chain logistics Abstract: Cold supply chain distribution systems ensure the freshness of temperature-sensitive products during transportation. In this study, we investigated a fresh food company’s cold supply chain distribution. Making fresh food available and achieving quality and safety, requires proper planning of vehicle routing, we addressed a routing problem that simultaneously considers time windows, multiple trips per vehicle, a heterogeneous fleet, parking constraints, unloading time at customer position, and limited duration, minimizing related operational costs. We formulate this problem as a mixed-integer programming model. Since this problem is NP-hard, we also propose a genetic algorithm with two adaptive-parameter mechanisms to solve it within a reasonable computational time. Extensive experiments were conducted to assess the performance of different approaches in a real-world application. The results demonstrate that the algorithms are robust and efficient. The proposed algorithms can reduce operational costs by more than 20% compared to the current practical planning approach. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 335-358 Issue: 3 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2188215 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2188215 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:3:p:335-358 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2184818_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Chuanxu Wang Author-X-Name-First: Chuanxu Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Longjia Li Author-X-Name-First: Longjia Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: A two-phase model for sustainable location of dry ports: a case of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port in China Abstract: This paper proposes a two-stage model for determining the sustainable location of dry ports. In the first stage, a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model containing nine criteria is developed. The weight of criteria is determined by the stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) method, and then the ranking of alternative cities is determined by the weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS) method. In the second stage, a mixed-integer linear programming location model with multiple capacity levels is proposed to determine the final optimal cities for the dry ports by minimizing the relevant economic costs, environmental costs and social responsibility costs. A case study of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port is performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results show that: (1) the total cost of the optimized inland transportation network system is reduced by 49.661% compared with that before the optimization, with Suzhou, Chongqing, Chengdu, Wuhan, Changsha, Wuxi and Hefei identified as the optimal locations for the dry ports; and (2) shippers close to seaports tend to choose road transportation, while shippers far away from seaports tend to choose rail transportation through dry ports. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 304-334 Issue: 3 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2184818 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2184818 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:3:p:304-334 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2166510_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Jie Bao Author-X-Name-First: Jie Author-X-Name-Last: Bao Author-Name: Zongbo Wang Author-X-Name-First: Zongbo Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Zhao Yang Author-X-Name-First: Zhao Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Author-Name: Xiaoxuan Shan Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoxuan Author-X-Name-Last: Shan Title: Exploring spatiotemporal patterns and influencing factors of ridesourcing and traditional taxi usage using geographically and temporally weighted regression method Abstract: The rivalry between ridesourcing and the traditional taxi has posed great challenges to traffic management authorities. Understanding the spatial patterns and influencing factors of their usage can help traffic authorities develop insightful policies and strategies to coordinate the operations of the two services better. This study develops a novel geographically and temporally weighted regression model (GTWR) to unravel the spatiotemporal patterns and influencing factors of the two services based on a high-resolution GPS dataset. The developed GTWR model achieves greater performance than other traditional methods. The results reveal that the spatiotemporal impacts of influencing factors on the usage of ridesourcing are quite different from that of traditional taxi. The spatiotemporal distribution and evolution of the coefficients are further discussed. The findings of the study could help traffic management authorities develop efficient regulatory policies to enhance the operations of the two services in specific areas and periods. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 263-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2166510 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2166510 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:3:p:263-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2201595_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Adheesh Kumar Vivek Author-X-Name-First: Adheesh Kumar Author-X-Name-Last: Vivek Author-Name: Smruti Sourava Mohapatra Author-X-Name-First: Smruti Sourava Author-X-Name-Last: Mohapatra Title: Level of service analysis of rail road grade crossing from the perspective of walking and bicycling: a perception based study Abstract: This article suggests reliable pedestrian level of service (PLOS) and bicycle level of service (BLOS) models by analyzing the effects of various factors to define perceived PLOS and BLOS criteria at rail road grade crossing (RRGC). Questionnaire survey was carried out near 21 RRGCs across nine Indian states, and 2272 responses were obtained from the survey. Ordered probit models were developed to investigate the impact of variables over PLOS and BLOS. The models result illustrate that inflating certain variable (age, trip type, gate blocking phase, distance between gates and presence of heavy vehicles) degrade perceived PLOS and BLOS. However, enhancing the road surface quality at grade crossing, lateral visibility, road marking & warning sign and aesthetics have a favorable impact on perceived PLOS and BLOS. Thus, the developed models and policy regulations suggested in this research would be useful to improve the service quality level for pedestrians and bicyclists. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 499-524 Issue: 4 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2201595 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2201595 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:4:p:499-524 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2201907_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Correction Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 525-525 Issue: 4 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2201907 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2201907 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:4:p:525-525 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2192195_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Alejandro Ortega Author-X-Name-First: Alejandro Author-X-Name-Last: Ortega Author-Name: Gary Haq Author-X-Name-First: Gary Author-X-Name-Last: Haq Author-Name: Anastasios Tsakalidis Author-X-Name-First: Anastasios Author-X-Name-Last: Tsakalidis Title: Carsharing in Europe: a critical review of policy, research, innovation, and practice Abstract: Carsharing is often included in packages of measures to encourage a more sustainable mobility. In this paper we determine the key trends and challenges in European carsharing research and innovation. We assess the status and future potential of European carsharing and identify additional research needs. The results show a steady increase in European funding to support urban carsharing projects. This is true for projects studying Information Technology development (i.e. Apps, websites, connected cars, etc). City authorities should conduct an ex-ante analysis before implementing carsharing schemes to ensure it is coordinated with public transport. Monitoring is crucial since carsharing services should contribute to reducing the overall environmental impact of the transport system. City authorities and private providers should collaborate to provide sustainable carsharing schemes that facilitate multimodal travel, lower greenhouse gas emissions, improve urban air quality and provides accessible mobility for all. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 381-406 Issue: 4 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2192195 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2192195 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:4:p:381-406 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2194875_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Feiyu Feng Author-X-Name-First: Feiyu Author-X-Name-Last: Feng Author-Name: Xinghua Li Author-X-Name-First: Xinghua Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Yuntao Guo Author-X-Name-First: Yuntao Author-X-Name-Last: Guo Author-Name: Cheng Cheng Author-X-Name-First: Cheng Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng Title: Understanding factors that impact ridesourcing service usage frequency: a case study in Shanghai Abstract: This study investigates the influencing factors that impact ridesourcing service usage frequency and explore the potential similarities and differences among groups of population based on their primary usage purposes. A revealed-preference survey developed for this study was conducted among 783 ridesourcing service users from Shanghai, China in September 2020. Separate random parameters ordered probit models were estimated for users with different primary purposes of usage to capture unobserved heterogeneity. The identified influencing factors include travelers’ sociodemographic characteristics, reasons to choose ridesourcing services, and other behavioral characteristics. In addition, the impacts of these contributing factors were different based on their primary usage purpose. The model estimation and descriptive statistics findings suggest that groups of ridesourcing service users may respond differently to various types of promotional strategies. The study insights may be used to design future strategies that can potentially improve the service usage frequency of existing users and attract new users. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 462-481 Issue: 4 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2194875 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2194875 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:4:p:462-481 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2205399_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Wenming Zuo Author-X-Name-First: Wenming Author-X-Name-Last: Zuo Author-Name: Xinxin Qiu Author-X-Name-First: Xinxin Author-X-Name-Last: Qiu Author-Name: Shixin Li Author-X-Name-First: Shixin Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Xinming He Author-X-Name-First: Xinming Author-X-Name-Last: He Title: Online ride-hailing regulation: a simulation study based on evolutionary game theory Abstract: Game theory contributes to the quantitative study of online ride-hailing regulations; however, prior game models of the online ride-hailing market fail to comprehensively consider government regulation strategies as well as multiple stakeholders in various regulation contexts. This study constructs two system dynamic models of evolutionary games among online ride-hailing platforms, drivers, and passengers. One is the basic model not subject to government regulations, while the other considers government regulations systematically regarding penalty policy, incentive policy, policy adaptability, and public participation. By solving and simulating the model, we study evolutionary stable strategies to control fluctuations in the game process. The results show that an unregulated online ride-hailing system is volatile, and government regulations help stabilize the system. The effect of government regulations can be optimized by adopting a dynamic penalty with a greater initial force, considering platforms as agents in incentive policy, improving policy adaptability, and rewarding public participation. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 437-461 Issue: 4 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2205399 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2205399 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:4:p:437-461 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2194874_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Arjan de Ruijter Author-X-Name-First: Arjan Author-X-Name-Last: de Ruijter Author-Name: Oded Cats Author-X-Name-First: Oded Author-X-Name-Last: Cats Author-Name: Javier Alonso-Mora Author-X-Name-First: Javier Author-X-Name-Last: Alonso-Mora Author-Name: Serge Hoogendoorn Author-X-Name-First: Serge Author-X-Name-Last: Hoogendoorn Title: Ride-pooling adoption, efficiency and level of service under alternative demand, behavioural and pricing settings Abstract: Previous studies into the potential benefits of ride pooling failed to account for the trade-off that users likely make when considering a shared ride. We address this shortcoming by formulating user net benefit stemming from pooling as a compensatory function where the additional travel time and on-board discomfort need to be compensated by the price discount for a traveller to choose a pooled ride over a private ride. The proposed formulation is embedded in a method for matching travel requests and vehicles. We conduct a series of experiments investigating how the potential of ride-pooling services depends on demand characteristics, user preferences and the pricing policy adopted by the service provider. Our results suggest that the total vehicle mileage savings found by previous studies is only attainable when users are very willing to share their ride (i.e. attach low premium to private rides) and are offered a 50% discount for doing so. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 407-436 Issue: 4 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2194874 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2194874 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:4:p:407-436 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2201280_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Majbah Uddin Author-X-Name-First: Majbah Author-X-Name-Last: Uddin Author-Name: Ho-Ling Hwang Author-X-Name-First: Ho-Ling Author-X-Name-Last: Hwang Author-Name: Md Sami Hasnine Author-X-Name-First: Md Sami Author-X-Name-Last: Hasnine Title: An interpretable machine learning framework to understand bikeshare demand before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City Abstract: In recent years, bikesharing systems have become increasingly popular as affordable and sustainable micromobility solutions. Advanced mathematical models such as machine learning are required to generate good forecasts for bikeshare demand. To this end, this study proposes a machine learning modeling framework to estimate hourly demand in a large-scale bikesharing system. Two Extreme Gradient Boosting models were developed: one using data from before the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2019 to February 2020) and the other using data from during the pandemic (March 2020 to February 2021). Furthermore, a model interpretation framework based on SHapley Additive exPlanations was implemented. Based on the relative importance of the explanatory variables considered in this study, share of female users and hour of day were the two most important explanatory variables in both models. However, the month variable had higher importance in the pandemic model than in the pre-pandemic model. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 482-498 Issue: 4 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2201280 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2201280 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:4:p:482-498 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2198517_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Peter Fernandes Wanke Author-X-Name-First: Peter Fernandes Author-X-Name-Last: Wanke Author-Name: Amir Karbassi Yazdi Author-X-Name-First: Amir Karbassi Author-X-Name-Last: Yazdi Author-Name: Thomas Hanne Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Hanne Author-Name: Yong Tan Author-X-Name-First: Yong Author-X-Name-Last: Tan Title: Unveiling drivers of sustainability in Chinese transport: an approach based on principal component analysis and neural networks Abstract: The paper analyzes the sustainability of the Chinese transportation sector by examining the relationship between energy consumption (and CO2 emissions), transportation modes, and macroeconomic variables. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Neural Networks (NN) are combined using monthly data from January 1999 to December 2017. Our goal is to propose a model that links China's transportation footprint to major macroeconomic factors while simultaneously controlling each mode of transportation. Inflation and credit policies exert relatively weak effects on the explained variable. In contrast, trade and fixed asset investments, as well as monetary and fiscal policies, show a positive and significant impact. The use of waterways and airways plays an imperative role in sustainable development compared to the use of roads. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 573-598 Issue: 5 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2198517 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2198517 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:5:p:573-598 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2196987_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Sahand Asgarpour Author-X-Name-First: Sahand Author-X-Name-Last: Asgarpour Author-Name: Andreas Hartmann Author-X-Name-First: Andreas Author-X-Name-Last: Hartmann Author-Name: Konstantinos Gkiotsalitis Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos Author-X-Name-Last: Gkiotsalitis Title: Infrastructure investment planning through scenario-based system-of-systems modelling Abstract: The socioeconomic, technological, and environmental needs and developments call for effective infrastructure investment planning. Because infrastructures are interdependent, this requires the entanglement of their demand and performance development. We propose a scenario-based system-of-systems model to support strategic decision-makers in evaluating the effects of planned investments on transport infrastructure demand and performance under different plausible futures and identifying required investments across transport infrastructure sectors considering interdependencies. The model estimates freight and passenger demand and their consequent emission and energy performance for rail, road, and waterway networks. Through a case study, we show how the model can assist decision-makers in tracing the effects of silo-based planned investments on interconnected infrastructures. Moreover, the case demonstrates how possible investments can be detected to ensure desirable infrastructure performance. Finally, it presents how a better understanding can be created about the impacts of transport demand and energy transition policies on the performance of infrastructure system-of-systems. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 527-572 Issue: 5 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2196987 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2196987 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:5:p:527-572 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2216193_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Siqing Wang Author-X-Name-First: Siqing Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Jian Wang Author-X-Name-First: Jian Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Xiaowei Hu Author-X-Name-First: Xiaowei Author-X-Name-Last: Hu Title: Optimization of unsubsidized and subsidized customized bus services Abstract: This paper develops a model that considers both peak and off-peak demands. The optimal operating strategy is determined by maximizing the social welfare of unsubsidized and subsidized customized bus systems. Headway, fare, and fleet size are decision variables. Three plans are formulated for the subsidized case. Social welfare, fares, and actual demands for three plans at various subsidy levels are then compared. An improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is designed by dynamically adjusting parameters in the update rule, combining the brainstorming algorithm mutation strategy. Results indicate that off-peak fares are consistently lower than peak fares. To attract a wide range of passengers, adopting a subsidy plan that partially compensates for operating costs is preferable. Furthermore, government subsidy programs help generate enhanced social benefits. The findings derived from numerical examples can be used as planning guides for customized bus systems. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 672-693 Issue: 5 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2216193 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2216193 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:5:p:672-693 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2213313_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Dilay Aktaş Author-X-Name-First: Dilay Author-X-Name-Last: Aktaş Author-Name: Kenneth Sörensen Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth Author-X-Name-Last: Sörensen Author-Name: Pieter Vansteenwegen Author-X-Name-First: Pieter Author-X-Name-Last: Vansteenwegen Title: A variable neighborhood search algorithm for a public bus line with a demand-responsive operation during peak hours Abstract: In this study, we propose a variable neighborhood search (VNS) algorithm to optimize the performance of a single bus line during peak hours where the passenger flows in one direction are typically much larger than the flows in the opposite direction. The system we propose aims to increase the frequency of the service towards the city center during morning peak hours, by allowing some of the vehicles to perform short-cut trips away from the city center. Just before the morning peak hours and based on the expected demand, the VNS algorithm decides which buses should visit all the stops ahead or take a short-cut during its return trip. Experiments show that with the demand-responsive system, total passenger travel time improves about 10% on average for a real-size benchmark instance. The performance of the system is also analyzed under different fleet size and capacity, duration of peak hours, and demand scenarios. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 615-652 Issue: 5 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2213313 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2213313 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:5:p:615-652 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2214144_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Anas A. Mohammad Author-X-Name-First: Anas A. Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammad Author-Name: Hazem M. Al Nawaiseh Author-X-Name-First: Hazem M. Author-X-Name-Last: Al Nawaiseh Author-Name: Wael K. Alhajyaseen Author-X-Name-First: Wael K. Author-X-Name-Last: Alhajyaseen Author-Name: Charitha Dias Author-X-Name-First: Charitha Author-X-Name-Last: Dias Author-Name: Babak Mehran Author-X-Name-First: Babak Author-X-Name-Last: Mehran Title: Lane-based analysis of the saturation flow rate considering traffic composition Abstract: Saturation flow rate (SFR) is an essential metric for estimating the capacities of signalized intersections. Many factors, including traffic composition, configuration and geometry of the intersection, and driver behavior, which is typically characterized by social and cultural norms, influence SFR. Most of the previous studies estimated the SFR and adjustment factor to be applied independently without considering the interaction impact between influencing factors. This study aims to empirically examine the influence of the number of lanes, the heavy vehicle proportions, and their interaction effect on the SFR of through movements. A new model was developed to magnify the HV Impact on SFR value considering the number of lanes at the upstream approach. The outcome of this study helps to improve the multiplicative model’s structure for SFRs adjustment factors. Adopting the outcome of this study by the responsible transport authority would optimize the road infrastructure provision. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 653-671 Issue: 5 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2214144 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2214144 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:5:p:653-671 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2203694_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Henrick J. Haule Author-X-Name-First: Henrick J. Author-X-Name-Last: Haule Author-Name: Priyanka Alluri Author-X-Name-First: Priyanka Author-X-Name-Last: Alluri Author-Name: Thobias Sando Author-X-Name-First: Thobias Author-X-Name-Last: Sando Author-Name: Albert Gan Author-X-Name-First: Albert Author-X-Name-Last: Gan Title: Analyzing the effectiveness of ramp metering in alleviating crash-related congestion on freeways Abstract: Ramp metering signals (RMSs) are usually activated to reduce recurrent congestion. Ramp metering could also minimize the non-recurrent congestion due to traffic incidents. While recurrent congestion depends on the time of day, non-recurrent congestion due to incidents depends on several other factors, including incident duration, lane blockage, and responding agencies. This study evaluated the impact of ramp metering on non-recurrent congestion due to crashes. The study was based on crash, traffic, and RMSs operations data from 2016 to 2018 collected on a section along I-95 in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Results showed that activating the nearest upstream RMS positively influenced traffic conditions upstream of a crash location during daytime off-peak periods. Factors including the extent of lane blockage, type of lane blockage, number of responding agencies, incident detection methods, and fire rescue influenced the traffic conditions upstream of the crash location during daytime off-peak periods and peak periods. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 599-614 Issue: 5 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 07 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2203694 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2203694 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:5:p:599-614 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2229306_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Mohammadreza Koloushani Author-X-Name-First: Mohammadreza Author-X-Name-Last: Koloushani Author-Name: Mahyar Ghorbanzadeh Author-X-Name-First: Mahyar Author-X-Name-Last: Ghorbanzadeh Author-Name: Eren Erman Ozguven Author-X-Name-First: Eren Erman Author-X-Name-Last: Ozguven Author-Name: Alireza Ermagun Author-X-Name-First: Alireza Author-X-Name-Last: Ermagun Title: A conceptualization of the spatial relationship associated with school-related crashes: a case study in Northwest Florida Abstract: This research examines whether the distance between school locations and the Central Business District (CBD) is related to crash hotspots by employing spatial-statistical methods to cluster school-aged children involved in crashes. The findings indicate that (i) severe school-related crashes are significantly clustered away from the CBD as opposed to minor school-related crashes and (ii) severe crashes are more likely to happen around the schools despite the fact that estimated vehicle speeds at the time of crashes are lower in the vicinity of the nearest associated school. This helps identify locations adjacent to schools that pose a higher risk and offers transportation authority’s insight into the effectiveness of safety countermeasures within school zones. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 795-817 Issue: 6 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2229306 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2229306 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:6:p:795-817 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2229309_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Aldo Arranz-López Author-X-Name-First: Aldo Author-X-Name-Last: Arranz-López Author-Name: Julio A. Soria-Lara Author-X-Name-First: Julio A. Author-X-Name-Last: Soria-Lara Author-Name: Martin Dijst Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Dijst Author-Name: Hichem Omrani Author-X-Name-First: Hichem Author-X-Name-Last: Omrani Title: Does e-shopping increase walking time willingness to reach in-store locations? Exploring the spatial effects Abstract: The studies analyzing the relationships between e-shopping and transport mostly ignore the effects in active mobility. This paper complements current research by studying how e-shopping affects individual walking time willingness to reach daily and non-daily retail opportunities, taking the city of Zaragoza, Spain as a case study. First, a questionnaire is administered, followed by a generalised ordered logit regression model analysis. Then, a gravity-based model is used to compare present walking accessibility levels to retail with an exploratory 2030 scenario based on the regression results. The results indicate a positive association between the frequency of e-shopping and the individual time willingness to reach daily and non-daily retail on foot. They also show that high-educated people tend to have lower time-willingness to reach both types of retail. For non-daily retail, women shopping online are more likely to spend more time on walking, while having children under 12 years old and having a car are negatively associated with walking time-willingness. The exploratory 2030 scenario shows a relevant increase of walking accessibility to daily and non-daily retail. The paper closes with a discussion on how the obtained findings can provide guidelines to improve policies that promote walking and active lifestyles. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 729-753 Issue: 6 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2229309 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2229309 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:6:p:729-753 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2224311_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Christina Iliopoulou Author-X-Name-First: Christina Author-X-Name-Last: Iliopoulou Author-Name: Christos Karolemeas Author-X-Name-First: Christos Author-X-Name-Last: Karolemeas Author-Name: Konstantinos Gkiotsalitis Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos Author-X-Name-Last: Gkiotsalitis Author-Name: Konstantinos Kepaptsoglou Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos Author-X-Name-Last: Kepaptsoglou Title: Electric taxi licensing under a tradable credit scheme: model and application Abstract: Taxi market modeling has long attracted researchers’ and practitioners’ attention, with a variety of models presented to investigate the effects of different market regulation regimes. Motivated by the increasing interest in and theoretical advantages of tradable credit systems for mobility management, this study investigates the use of a tradable credit scheme for taxi licensing. A mixed integer non-linear programming problem is formulated to determine the credit price, daily charge and number of vehicles in order to maximize social welfare. In the social benefit-maximizing solution, the supply of conventional taxis is exhausted, while about 50% of the available electric taxi drivers enter the market. Sensitivity analysis shows that increasing the validity period of the credits, reducing the daily system fee for electric taxis or subsidizing the purchase of electric taxis could lead to greater social benefits by increasing the profit margin of electric taxi drivers and incentivizing their wider adoption. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 773-794 Issue: 6 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2224311 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2224311 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:6:p:773-794 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2228760_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Jubaer Ahmed Author-X-Name-First: Jubaer Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed Author-Name: Nicholas Ward Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas Author-X-Name-Last: Ward Author-Name: Annmarie McMahill Author-X-Name-First: Annmarie Author-X-Name-Last: McMahill Author-Name: Jay Otto Author-X-Name-First: Jay Author-X-Name-Last: Otto Author-Name: Erika E. Miller Author-X-Name-First: Erika E. Author-X-Name-Last: Miller Title: Effects of emotional intelligence on dangerous driving: a comparison between commercial and non-commercial drivers Abstract: Drivers with a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) experience higher rates of fatal and serious injury crashes compared to non-commercial drivers. Emotional Intelligence (EI) has shown to be a significant predictor of dangerous driving among non-commercial drivers. However, there is limited research investigating EI within commercial drivers. This paper investigates the relationship between drivers’ EI and dangerous driving behaviors, and how this differs between commercial (N = 595) and non-commercial (N = 615) drivers. A survey was conducted, where EI was measured using Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, and risky driving using Dula Dangerous Driving Questionnaire. Analyses confirmed (1) commercial drivers have lower EI than non-commercial (ANCOVA, p < .01); (2) commercial drivers are more likely to report more dangerous driving behaviors (MANCOVA, p < .01); and (3) lower EI is associated with increased dangerous driving, and these effects are strongest amongst commercial drivers (linear regression, p < .001). Promoting and improving EI can help prevent dangerous driving and reduce crash risk. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 695-709 Issue: 6 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2228760 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2228760 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:6:p:695-709 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2214136_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Ruijie Bian Author-X-Name-First: Ruijie Author-X-Name-Last: Bian Author-Name: Tara Tolford Author-X-Name-First: Tara Author-X-Name-Last: Tolford Author-Name: Shuqian Liu Author-X-Name-First: Shuqian Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Sirisha Gangireddy Author-X-Name-First: Sirisha Author-X-Name-Last: Gangireddy Title: Lessons learned from evaluating complete streets project outcomes with emerging data sources Abstract: Complete Streets projects can bring multifaceted benefits but before-and-after analysis regarding their mobility and accessibility outcomes is quite limited in practice. This study used emerging data sources to conduct longitudinal project outcome evaluations. Two projects from Louisiana were selected as case studies for demonstration. The two projects did not induce heavier congestion in a pilot analysis region. One project with sidewalks/bike lanes contributes to traffic calming in an urban context, while the other project consisting only of a widened shoulder marked for bicycle use may raise speeding concerns in a rural context. Both projects are likely to bring accessibility benefits as they attract more businesses and longer visits. The authors also noted data source and outcome measure challenges in different contexts. The proposed evaluation approach and identified data gaps will benefit the private sector in diversifying/improving their data products and facilitate the public sector in making more data-driven decisions. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 754-772 Issue: 6 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2214136 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2214136 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:6:p:754-772 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2227178_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Amit Kumar Author-X-Name-First: Amit Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar Author-Name: Vishrut S. Landge Author-X-Name-First: Vishrut S. Author-X-Name-Last: Landge Author-Name: Sumeet Jaiswal Author-X-Name-First: Sumeet Author-X-Name-Last: Jaiswal Title: Changes in online and in-store shopping behaviour pre- and post-COVID-19: a case study from Indian city Nagpur Abstract: The recent COVID-19 pandemic brought the physical and virtual worlds closer and expedited the adoption of online shopping. In the context of pre- and post-COVID-19 scenarios, this paper establishes the relationship between the growth in online shopping, the shift in in-store grocery and non-grocery shopping trips, and the reciprocity among variables. A random sample of 1646 household responses from Nagpur city was used to develop multiple regression models to explore the interrelationship of these activities and their impact on conventional shopping and travel demand. Model results show the complex interplay between socio-demographic and shopping behaviour variables. The findings suggest incorporating the interplay impacts into travel demand forecasting models. It also highlights the possible effects on urban land use and transport planning. Finally, the study suggests integrating urban land use and transport planning at the activity level for a comprehensive approach. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 710-728 Issue: 6 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 08 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2227178 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2227178 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:6:p:710-728 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2226117_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Huaibin Hu Author-X-Name-First: Huaibin Author-X-Name-Last: Hu Author-Name: Yixiang Yue Author-X-Name-First: Yixiang Author-X-Name-Last: Yue Author-Name: Huiling Fu Author-X-Name-First: Huiling Author-X-Name-Last: Fu Author-Name: Jiaxi Li Author-X-Name-First: Jiaxi Author-X-Name-Last: Li Title: Improving service qualities of cyclic line plans considering heterogeneous passenger origin-destination (OD) flow groups Abstract: Cyclic train services provide huge conveniences to passengers. This work aims to fix one vital promise in major line planning studies that passengers were homogeneous. In fact, passengers’ rail travel expectations are heterogeneous. But those heterogeneities show common needs correlating with travel distances and defined station levels. Therefore, we cluster passenger heterogeneities into divided OD groups, extend service qualities, and add more train line factors to our line planning model. Cyclic line plan from this joint optimisation not only receives service quality improvements but also provides multiple train service types to match clustered OD groups. Moreover, we allow passengers to be served by different train service types, deliver a high level of direct services, and maintain the minimum operation cost. We compare concluded line plans with the results of the generic line planning model and the real-world line plan to show our solution advantages. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 864-887 Issue: 7 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2226117 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2226117 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:7:p:864-887 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2242841_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Xinying Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Xinying Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Zhishen Yi Author-X-Name-First: Zhishen Author-X-Name-Last: Yi Author-Name: Minghui Xie Author-X-Name-First: Minghui Author-X-Name-Last: Xie Author-Name: Yanan Gao Author-X-Name-First: Yanan Author-X-Name-Last: Gao Author-Name: Yuanqing Wang Author-X-Name-First: Yuanqing Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: Exploring customer perception and satisfaction on the functions of parking application software Abstract: The emergence of parking application software (parking APP), considerably decreases unnecessary vehicle circling and enhances parking resource utilization. Despite the abundant functions available, limited research has considered customer requirements and satisfaction regarding the functions of parking APPs. This research exactly examined the customer perception, as well as how satisfied customers were with the functions provided by the parking APPs. Initially, the attribute classification of functions was identified utilizing Kano model based on a questionnaire survey in Hunan Province, China. The integrated functions were then used as an antecedent to evaluate customer satisfaction by structural equation model (SEM). The data analysis suggests the perceived quality is positively influenced by the four main functions of query, navigation, evaluation, and account. The results reveal that customers have less demand for automatic space grabbing and reverse vehicle tracking in small and medium-sized cities. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 929-950 Issue: 7 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2242841 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2242841 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:7:p:929-950 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2228301_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Lixun Liu Author-X-Name-First: Lixun Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Adam Dennett Author-X-Name-First: Adam Author-X-Name-Last: Dennett Author-Name: Robin Hickman Author-X-Name-First: Robin Author-X-Name-Last: Hickman Title: Exploring the spatial differences in travel mode choice of rail transit in Chongqing Abstract: People’s use of the rail transit system varies over space. Previous literature suggests there is a social equity dimension in the distribution of benefits from new urban transit systems, but how this varies spatially is poorly evidenced. The research aims to examine the spatial differences in the use of rail transit and associated transport equity. Using a case study of Chongqing, a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model is used to reveal the spatial variation in parameter estimates, complementing the traditional multivariate global model. The analysis demonstrates the effect of rail transit in facilitating people’s travel and mitigating transport-related social inequity, including for those with mobility disadvantages and living in areas with poor access to public transport. The results emphasise the necessity of associated development strategies and transport policies in favour of socially disadvantaged groups, such as low fare levels. Implications for planning interventions are proposed based on the model results. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 819-841 Issue: 7 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2228301 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2228301 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:7:p:819-841 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2239214_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Jelena Simićević Author-X-Name-First: Jelena Author-X-Name-Last: Simićević Author-Name: Nada Milosavljević Author-X-Name-First: Nada Author-X-Name-Last: Milosavljević Title: The impact of on-street and off-street parking regulations on parking type choice Abstract: In practice, parking regimes for different parking types (on-street, off-street and garage) are introduced independently, leading frequently to inefficient utilization. The aim of the paper is to show that in areas with different public parking types, integrated parking management is needed so as to utilize available capacities evenly. To demonstrate this, we determined the factors impacting parking type choice, and then the importance and intensity of parking measures thereon. Empirical data collected by interviewing on-street and off-street parking users were used to develop a binary logit model showing the most important parking type choice parameters: on-street time limitation, and on-street and off-street parking prices. Reduced time limitation was found to decrease on-street parking probability while increasing off-street parking probability. Also, price increase for one parking type reduced the probability of choosing that particular type and increased opting for alternative type. Moreover, a synergy effect of integrated parking management was demonstrated. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 912-928 Issue: 7 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2239214 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2239214 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:7:p:912-928 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2239236_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Xiaoquan Wang Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoquan Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Chaoying Yin Author-X-Name-First: Chaoying Author-X-Name-Last: Yin Author-Name: Changjiang Zheng Author-X-Name-First: Changjiang Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng Author-Name: Yang Shen Author-X-Name-First: Yang Author-X-Name-Last: Shen Author-Name: Chunfu Shao Author-X-Name-First: Chunfu Author-X-Name-Last: Shao Title: Integrating built environment and parking policy for car commuting reduction: evidence from Beijing Abstract: Built environment (BE) planning and parking policy are two major strategies for restricting car use. However, researchers usually explore the independent associations of BE and parking policy with the use of the car in commuting, and most earlier studies are limited to investigating the benefits of integrating them. This study adopts a machine learning approach to explore the associations of home and workplace BE features and parking policy with the use of the car in commuting and whether the associations of BE features are moderated by parking policy. Results suggest that workplace BE features have larger collective contributions to the use of the car in commuting than home BE features. All BE features have nonlinear associations with the use of the car in commuting, and the nonlinear patterns differ across home and workplace neighborhoods. Moreover, free parking and parking convenience have significant moderating effects on the connection between BE and the use of the car in commuting. Thus, planning practitioners and policy makers should highlight the importance of coordinating BE planning and policy making to restrict the use of the car in commuting. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 888-911 Issue: 7 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2239236 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2239236 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:7:p:888-911 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2239208_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: William Erlandson Author-X-Name-First: William Author-X-Name-Last: Erlandson Author-Name: Carl Henrik Häll Author-X-Name-First: Carl Henrik Author-X-Name-Last: Häll Author-Name: Anders Peterson Author-X-Name-First: Anders Author-X-Name-Last: Peterson Author-Name: Christiane Schmidt Author-X-Name-First: Christiane Author-X-Name-Last: Schmidt Title: Meta-Heuristic for inserting a robust train path in a non-cyclic timetable Abstract: Many freight trains depart Swedish marshalling yards before or after their planned departure times. Today, a deviating departure time is allowed if no conflicting train path can be found a few stations ahead. This increases the risk that the train might be delayed to its destination and cause delays to other trains. We present a meta-heuristic that modifies a timetable by adding a train path (for our freight train) and, if necessary, adjusting surrounding train paths. The aim of the insertion of the additional train path and the adjustments of the existing ones is to obtain a large bottleneck robustness, that is, the largest possible minimal temporal distance to any other train in the timetable. We provide experimental results for a Swedish railway stretch with a non-cyclic timetable and heterogeneous traffic. We show that we quickly add a train path, while improving the robustness of the timetable. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 842-863 Issue: 7 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 10 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2239208 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2239208 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:7:p:842-863 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2250341_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Shichao Sun Author-X-Name-First: Shichao Author-X-Name-Last: Sun Author-Name: Pingye Wang Author-X-Name-First: Pingye Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Title: The association between e-moped usage and residents’ subjective well-being: a case study of Shanghai, China by using Bayesian network Abstract: Subjective well-being (SWB) is known to significantly influence individuals’ happiness and health, as well as sustainable social development. One crucial factor that affects residents’ SWB is their choice of transport mode. However, limited research has been conducted on how the use of e-mopeds, one of the most prevalent transportation modes in China, impacts residents’ SWB. To address this gap, this study utilizes survey data from eight traffic analysis zones in Shanghai to conduct an empirical investigation focused on the relationship between the use of e-mopeds for various purposes and residents’ SWB. A Bayesian network (BN) model is established to explore the correlations among travel-related attributes, socio-demographics, and SWB. The model's results reveal a strong correlation between e-moped usage and the likelihood of achieving higher SWB. Consequently, supporting the development of e-mopeds in Shanghai is considered crucial, and targeted policies are suggested. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 976-997 Issue: 8 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2250341 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2250341 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:8:p:976-997 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2242855_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Shangyao Yan Author-X-Name-First: Shangyao Author-X-Name-Last: Yan Author-Name: Tsung-Hsun Hsieh Author-X-Name-First: Tsung-Hsun Author-X-Name-Last: Hsieh Author-Name: Sean Chen Author-X-Name-First: Sean Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Title: Vulnerability analysis of an intercity bus carrier’s short-term operations Abstract: An intercity bus service includes several bus stations for passenger access and bus service routes for bus operating between designated pairs of stations. Fundamentally, whether stations and bus service routes are operating normally or not has a direct impact on profits and the passenger service rate. However, changes in passenger demand patterns over time can lead to changes in the importance of stations and bus service routes, a problem that has rarely been discussed in the literature. This study applies a scheduling model to perform vulnerability analyses related to intercity bus schedules and routes in short-term operations. A series of analyses were conducted to observe the changes in the optimization results by changing its configurations. The results illustrate the vulnerability of the transportation system components under different scenarios and operating strategies, which could help an intercity bus carrier respond early to effectively maintain its operations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1050-1076 Issue: 8 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2242855 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2242855 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:8:p:1050-1076 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2231429_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Sushreeta Mishra Author-X-Name-First: Sushreeta Author-X-Name-Last: Mishra Author-Name: Babak Mehran Author-X-Name-First: Babak Author-X-Name-Last: Mehran Author-Name: Prasanta K. Sahu Author-X-Name-First: Prasanta K. Author-X-Name-Last: Sahu Title: Optimization of headway and bus stop spacing for low demand bus routes Abstract: We propose a methodology for optimization of service headway and stop spacing along a low-demand bus route that minimizes operator and user costs. This study develops analytical cost models that are representative of low-demand routes by using negative binomial distribution for passenger demand for boarding and alighting pattern to estimate the probability of stopping and both random and planned arrival of passengers are considered to estimate the waiting time. Pareto optimal solutions obtained using multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, NSGA-II indicate that optimal values of headway and stop spacing are underestimated if optimized based on assumptions typical of high-demand routes which is passenger demand for boarding and alighting at bus stops randomly following a Poisson process. With the aid of the study methodology, transit planners will be able to improve the service utilization and passenger accessibility along an under-performing low demand routes by recommending minimal modifications to the existing route and bus schedule. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1024-1049 Issue: 8 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2231429 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2231429 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:8:p:1024-1049 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2230969_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Sina Azizi Soldouz Author-X-Name-First: Sina Author-X-Name-Last: Azizi Soldouz Author-Name: Md Sami Hasnine Author-X-Name-First: Md Sami Author-X-Name-Last: Hasnine Author-Name: Mahadeo Sukhai Author-X-Name-First: Mahadeo Author-X-Name-Last: Sukhai Author-Name: Khandker Nurul Habib Author-X-Name-First: Khandker Author-X-Name-Last: Nurul Habib Title: Communication and mobility issues of visually impaired pedestrians with connected autonomous vehicles Abstract: This paper presents an econometric modelling framework to unravel the communication and mobility issues of visually impaired pedestrians in the context of connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs). The research uses a dataset collected through a tailor-made stated-preference survey given to visually impaired pedestrians and provides evidence-based recommendations on communication techniques. The recommendations are based on the findings of a structural equation model (SEM) estimated using the survey data. The latent factors ‘safety and security’ and ‘importance of hearing’ are generated using a confirmatory factor analysis embedded in the SEM. The results from the model show that these two factors have negative influences on how much a visually impaired pedestrian trusts the use of CAVs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 998-1023 Issue: 8 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2230969 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2230969 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:8:p:998-1023 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2226636_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Erick Fiorote Leite da Silva Author-X-Name-First: Erick Author-X-Name-Last: Fiorote Leite da Silva Author-Name: Gabriel Lanzaro Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel Author-X-Name-Last: Lanzaro Author-Name: Michelle Andrade Author-X-Name-First: Michelle Author-X-Name-Last: Andrade Title: A fuzzy rule-based system for terrain classification in highway design Abstract: The choice of an incorrect terrain classification might lead to consequences in construction costs, design speed, or even safety. However, the current design criteria for terrain classification may be highly subjective. In Brazil, design guidelines use textual descriptors for three classes, namely level, rolling, and mountainous. This study proposes a fuzzy rule-based classifier to predict terrain classes based on average slope and slope variation. The classifier uses fuzzy logic, which can account for imprecise and vague definitions of the input variables. The classifier was built using topographic variables, i.e. slope variation and average slope, and experts’ knowledge. A survey was considered to extract experts’ opinions regarding different terrain classes. The classifier provided an accuracy of at least 75%, which suggests that the expert system captured the experts’ perceptions of the highway classes. As a result, the proposed system can assist decision-making by providing a more consistent method for terrain classification. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1077-1092 Issue: 8 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2226636 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2226636 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:8:p:1077-1092 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2248195_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Thomas R. McKinney Author-X-Name-First: Thomas R. Author-X-Name-Last: McKinney Author-Name: Erica E. F. Ballantyne Author-X-Name-First: Erica E. F. Author-X-Name-Last: Ballantyne Author-Name: David A. Stone Author-X-Name-First: David A. Author-X-Name-Last: Stone Title: A data-driven travel demand model to predict electric vehicle energy consumption: focusing on the rural demographic in the UK Abstract: This paper presents a 7-day Travel Demand Model (TDM) for UK rural areas to aid the Electric Vehicle (EV) transition in these regions. Utilising data from both the UK Census Survey and UK National Travel Survey (NTS), private passenger vehicle travel patterns for a rural village in the Peak District National Park (UK), were modelled. This model is adaptable to any rural community within the UK, requiring only publicly available information on households and vehicles for that community. Using a novel approach through the development of lifestyle scenarios to understand the required household activities, the TDM incorporates five different trip purposes as the building blocks for a vehicle’s activity. Over a period of one week, 13,520 miles were driven by 84 vehicles across 49 households, that shows an EV fleet serving this community would consume 3562 kWh energy per week. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 951-975 Issue: 8 Volume: 46 Year: 2023 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2248195 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2248195 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:46:y:2023:i:8:p:951-975 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2263440_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Francesca Pagliara Author-X-Name-First: Francesca Author-X-Name-Last: Pagliara Author-Name: Massimo Aria Author-X-Name-First: Massimo Author-X-Name-Last: Aria Author-Name: Armando Castelluccio Author-X-Name-First: Armando Author-X-Name-Last: Castelluccio Author-Name: Mario Tartaglia Author-X-Name-First: Mario Author-X-Name-Last: Tartaglia Author-Name: Luca D’Aniello Author-X-Name-First: Luca Author-X-Name-Last: D’Aniello Title: Planning the future of rail in the post-COVID era Abstract: This paper proposes a methodology aimed at identifying the main factors affecting the rail sector in the new normal scenario, referring to the post-pandemic era, where the transportation system has experienced significant changes. Indeed, a survey was designed, and a questionnaire was submitted to a sample of employees of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (Italian State Railway company). Then, a ranking of these factors was identified through the estimation of a Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results showed that the areas of Energy and Environment, Lifestyle, and Economy will positively affect the future of rail in the new normal scenario. This study offers insights into the dynamics of the rail sector's adaptation to post-pandemic conditions. By highlighting the factors that play a crucial role in shaping the future of rail transportation, this research suggests innovative strategies and policy initiatives to foster sustainable growth and resilience in the sector. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 1-26 Issue: 1 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2263440 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2263440 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:1:p:1-26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2252397_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Changro Lee Author-X-Name-First: Changro Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Train stations and house prices: a local perspective Abstract: Opening a new train station is considered a way to generate amenity in a neighborhood. However, as train lines extend from a central city to suburbs and remote places, train stations may generate disamenity depending on the local context. This study examines the externality of stations from a house valuation perspective. A mixed-effects model is employed to capture the varying relationship between house prices and distance to a nearby station. The results show that this relationship significantly varies by county, which leads to a house price premium in some counties and price discount in others. This study attributes the price discount (disamenity) to low ridership, seasonality of ridership, passenger traits, and long distance from a central city. The study results are expected to provide policymakers with balanced insights on establishing a new station so that train stations can serve as a local amenity, not a harmful facility in the neighborhood. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 27-41 Issue: 1 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2252397 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2252397 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:1:p:27-41 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2246959_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Ruichun He Author-X-Name-First: Ruichun Author-X-Name-Last: He Author-Name: Hongxing Zhao Author-X-Name-First: Hongxing Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao Author-Name: Zhongni Ye Author-X-Name-First: Zhongni Author-X-Name-Last: Ye Author-Name: Liumeng Yang Author-X-Name-First: Liumeng Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: Time optimization of urban arterial coordinated control based on multidimensional neighbourhood artificial bee colony algorithm Abstract: Considering the traffic flow of the inner and outer intersection approach of urban arterial roads, an optimization control model of traffic arterial road signal parameters with signal cycle, green light time, and phase offset as the optimization variables is proposed. In order to solve the optimization model of timing parameters, the swarm evolution mechanism of artificial bee colony algorithm is improved and applied. The case study shows that the optimization model of timing parameters can collaboratively optimize the signal cycle, green light time and phase offset of the arterial coordinated control system, and the timing results of the optimization model by comprehensive consideration of inner and outer approach traffic flow are more beneficial to the improvement of traffic efficiency than the decoupling optimization algorithm. The proposed optimization model and solution algorithm can improve the effect of arterial coordinated control. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 113-145 Issue: 1 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2246959 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2246959 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:1:p:113-145 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2245389_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Miloš Milenković Author-X-Name-First: Miloš Author-X-Name-Last: Milenković Author-Name: Miloš Gligorić Author-X-Name-First: Miloš Author-X-Name-Last: Gligorić Author-Name: Nebojša Bojović Author-X-Name-First: Nebojša Author-X-Name-Last: Bojović Author-Name: Zoran Gligorić Author-X-Name-First: Zoran Author-X-Name-Last: Gligorić Title: A comparison between ARIMA, LSTM, ARIMA-LSTM and SSA for cross-border rail freight traffic forecasting: the case of Alpine-Western Balkan Rail Freight Corridor Abstract: In this paper, we model the intensity of cross-border railway traffic on the Alpine-Western Balkan Rail Freight Corridor (AWB RFC). For each of the four border crossing points: Dimitrovgrad, Presevo, Sid, and Subotica, time series composed of 102 monthly export and import railway freight traffic observations are used for training and testing of alternative forecasting models. Traditional ARIMA, Long-Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network, hybrid ARIMA-LSTM and Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) models, are fitted to each of the time series. For all the considered time series, the best model was chosen based on the lowest values of commonly used metrics for measuring the performance of forecasting models. LSTM models outperformed all other models with the highest prediction accuracy while SSA models exhibited the lowest accuracy. By utilizing advanced forecasting models, this research contributes to finding effective solutions for addressing the issue of inadequate planning of border crossing procedures in railway traffic. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 89-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2245389 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2245389 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:1:p:89-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2294344_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Boban Djordjević Author-X-Name-First: Boban Author-X-Name-Last: Djordjević Author-Name: Anna Ståhlberg Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Ståhlberg Author-Name: Evelin Krmac Author-X-Name-First: Evelin Author-X-Name-Last: Krmac Author-Name: Ajinkya S. Mane Author-X-Name-First: Ajinkya S. Author-X-Name-Last: Mane Author-Name: Behzad Kordnejad Author-X-Name-First: Behzad Author-X-Name-Last: Kordnejad Title: Efficient use of European rail freight corridors: current status and potential enablers Abstract: Rail freight is one of the most important pillars for the decarbonising of the transport system in Europe. To ensure the decarbonisation effect of rail freight, a substantial modal split on rail freight is needed, with the aim of strengthening the competitiveness of rail freight and improving the quality of service on the rail freight corridors (RFCs). With the aim of monitoring and evaluating the development of RFC performance, the Data Envelopment Analysis model (DEA) was applied in this study. The evaluation of efficiency was carried out for eight RFCs in 2020 and 2021 using performance indicators considered with Pearson correlation analysis. The results of the efficiency of the RFCs showed that seven of the studied corridors are not operated efficiently, while the correlation analysis showed a significant dependency between the selected indicators. Nevertheless, the efficiency of the corridors and the overall performance of rail freight can be improved by integrating innovative technologies. Therefore, this study also investigated how digital automatic couplers (DACs) and intelligent video gates (IVGs) affect the efficiency of RFCs. The results show that the inclusion of indicators related to DAC and IVG tasks has a positive impact on improving the efficiency of RFCs. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 62-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2294344 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2294344 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:1:p:62-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2261508_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Siyi Zhang Author-X-Name-First: Siyi Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang Author-Name: Yonggang Wang Author-X-Name-First: Yonggang Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Zixuan Liu Author-X-Name-First: Zixuan Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Jiazhuo Huang Author-X-Name-First: Jiazhuo Author-X-Name-Last: Huang Title: Effects of built environment on metro ridership at a microscopic scale: a case study of Xi’an, China Abstract: Few studies have examined the relationship at the microscopic spatial scale. In this study, multiple sources of data including mobile phone signal data, automatic fare collection system data, geo-information data, and street-view image data are combined to measure metro ridership and built environment at the plot or block scale. The Random Gradient Boosting Decision Tree was used to explore relationship between the built environment and ridership. The results show the following: (1) the relationship between built environment and ridership shows different types of curves. (2) The path distance to the metro station and the visual perception of road space have more significant impacts on ridership than road network density. (3) The location of the grid also affects grid-level metro ridership. The results suggest that planners should consider the locational factors, pay attention to the different effective thresholds of different variables on ridership and the longitudinal landscaping of non-motorized urban roads. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 42-61 Issue: 1 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2261508 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2261508 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:1:p:42-61 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2279301_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Stephen Thomas Homer Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Homer Author-Name: Elizaveta Berezina Author-X-Name-First: Elizaveta Author-X-Name-Last: Berezina Author-Name: Sabine-Salima Chaouche Author-X-Name-First: Sabine-Salima Author-X-Name-Last: Chaouche Author-Name: Colin Mathew Hugues D. Gill Author-X-Name-First: Colin Mathew Hugues D. Author-X-Name-Last: Gill Title: Co-designing urban transport solutions with Southeast Asian young adults Abstract: The region of Southeast Asia is home to some of the most congested cities. In Malaysia the densely populated area of Kuala Lumpur and its surrounding Klang Valley face the congestion and pollution problems common to cities across Southeast Asia. This study uses the bottom-up approach of concept mapping to explore potential solutions to the transportation problems associated with rapid urbanisation. A sample of young adult Malaysian participants brainstormed ideas and generated 91 proposals for action, which they grouped into the six clusters of Legislation, Infrastructure, Public Transport, Culture & Practices, Education, and Policies. Each proposal was rated for Importance, Feasibility, and Improvement to Traffic Congestion. The study yielded a series of priorities for action by policy-makers including extending existing transport routes to close the ‘last mile gap’, providing safe facilities for non-motorised forms of transport, fair enforcement of existing regulations, and appointing properly qualified professionals to improve infrastructure. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 147-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2279301 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2279301 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:2:p:147-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2265362_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: S. de Luca Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: de Luca Author-Name: F. Storani Author-X-Name-First: F. Author-X-Name-Last: Storani Author-Name: F. Bruno Author-X-Name-First: F. Author-X-Name-Last: Bruno Author-Name: R. Di Pace Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Di Pace Title: Adoption of electric vehicles by young adults in an emerging market: a case study from Argentina Abstract: The destiny of the electric vehicle (EV) marketplace will depend upon the behaviour of potential buyers and on how emerging markets allow EVs to be perceived as a mobility solution to the externalities generated by internal combustion (IC) vehicles. To this end it is important to ascertain the role played by psychological factors, along with instrumental attributes, especially among younger adults (future purchasers) in not yet mature markets. Our paper analyses and models the propensity to purchase an EV with respect to an equivalent IC vehicle. It contributes to the existing literature investigating younger adults’ behaviour in an emerging market, focusing on the role of attitudes and perceptions. A stated preferences survey, built on real commercial scenarios (Renault ZOE vs Renault Clio), was designed and disseminated at the University of Cordoba (Argentina). Respondent behaviour was modelled within the random utility paradigm. First, heterogeneity among users was investigated through mixed multinomial logit formulation; The role of psycho-attitudinal factors was then explored through the specification of hybrid choice models with latent variables. Estimation results indicate the significant role of attitudes and perceptions in emerging markets. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 226-257 Issue: 2 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2265362 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2265362 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:2:p:226-257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2259373_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Muhammad Usman Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Author-X-Name-Last: Usman Author-Name: Wei Li Author-X-Name-First: Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Jiahe Bian Author-X-Name-First: Jiahe Author-X-Name-Last: Bian Author-Name: Andong Chen Author-X-Name-First: Andong Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Xinyue Ye Author-X-Name-First: Xinyue Author-X-Name-Last: Ye Author-Name: Xiao Li Author-X-Name-First: Xiao Author-X-Name-Last: Li Author-Name: Bahar Dadashova Author-X-Name-First: Bahar Author-X-Name-Last: Dadashova Author-Name: Chanam Lee Author-X-Name-First: Chanam Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Kiju Lee Author-X-Name-First: Kiju Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Author-Name: Sivakumar Rathinam Author-X-Name-First: Sivakumar Author-X-Name-Last: Rathinam Author-Name: Marcia Ory Author-X-Name-First: Marcia Author-X-Name-Last: Ory Title: Small and rural towns’ perception of autonomous vehicles: insights from a survey in Texas Abstract: People’s perceptions of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are critical to understanding the role of AVs in future transportation systems. Most previous work on AVs perceptions is based on large cities or metropolitan areas. This study provides a unique perspective regarding perceptions of impacts of AVs in small and rural communities through an online survey in Central Texas (n = 1153). Our questionnaires gathered basic socio-demographic characteristics and AV impacts variables identified from the literature. We used summary statistics and ordered logistic regression models to reveal the perceived impacts of AVs. Residents of small and rural communities, particularly older adults (65 + years), were more enthusiastic about the development of AVs than the national average. Our findings reveal that being an employed, married male with a higher income increases the likelihood of accepting the impacts of AVs, suggesting further research to explore a feasible approach to utilizing AVs in small, rural communities. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 200-225 Issue: 2 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2259373 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2259373 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:2:p:200-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2264277_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Viet Pham Quoc Author-X-Name-First: Viet Pham Author-X-Name-Last: Quoc Author-Name: Thanh Le Quoc Author-X-Name-First: Thanh Le Author-X-Name-Last: Quoc Title: Operational efficiency for container terminal operators with undesirable outputs: slacks-based measures Abstract: Operational efficiency is crucial in the container terminal industry to reduce costs, increase throughput, enhance customer satisfaction, optimize the supply chain, improve safety, minimize environmental impact, and ensure adaptability and resilience in a dynamic and competitive market. The article aims to estimate operational efficiency for CTOs by the Slacks-Based Measures (SBM) model when considering CO2 emissions and work accidents as undesirable outputs. In doing so, this paper adopted the cluster analysis to select homogeneous CTOs acting as Decision-making Units (DMUs). CTOs in the Cai Mep-Thi Vai port (the CMTV case) were then empirically studied to verify the validity of the suggested model. The results could have real-world applications for CTOs looking for managerial actions to boost operational efficiency and maintain high-quality growth. Additionally, the research model may provide an analytical reference for relevant port management applications. In particular, this study offers CTOs a scientific framework for evaluating the operational efficiency of CTOs located in a port. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 284-301 Issue: 2 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2264277 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2264277 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:2:p:284-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2280210_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Fadhlullah Apriandy Author-X-Name-First: Fadhlullah Author-X-Name-Last: Apriandy Author-Name: Sugiarto Sugiarto Author-X-Name-First: Sugiarto Author-X-Name-Last: Sugiarto Author-Name: Yusria Darma Author-X-Name-First: Yusria Author-X-Name-Last: Darma Author-Name: Renni Anggraini Author-X-Name-First: Renni Author-X-Name-Last: Anggraini Author-Name: Juliana Fisaini Author-X-Name-First: Juliana Author-X-Name-Last: Fisaini Author-Name: Irsan Bahrumy Author-X-Name-First: Irsan Author-X-Name-Last: Bahrumy Title: An exploratory analysis of factors that encourage students to choose sustainable modes in travelling to schools: evidence from Victoria, Australia Abstract: Travelling using sustainable modes, such as active transport and public transport, improves students’ well-being and mental health, and bolsters sustainability. This study aims to investigate factors that encourage students to use sustainable modes which are public transport and active transport. The random parameters (mixed) logit was employed using the Victorian Integrated Survey of Travel and Activity (VISTA) data from Victoria, Australia to comprehensively explore trip attributes, socio-demographics, and built environment factors impacts on school travel mode choice. The inadequacy of model validation in previous research was addressed with the inclusion of the model accuracy test, which arguably is as equally important as behavioural inference. The result showed that travel distance and destination to primary school were the biggest contributors to mode choice probability, negatively affecting sustainable mode choice. The model produced an excellent overall accuracy (85.80%). This research elaborated on the inference of factors affecting mode choice and thus provided recommendations to help develop policies supporting sustainable transportation plans to improve students’ well-being. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 170-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2280210 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2280210 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:2:p:170-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2265382_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857 Author-Name: Sang Hyung Park Author-X-Name-First: Sang Hyung Author-X-Name-Last: Park Author-Name: Sihyun Kim Author-X-Name-First: Sihyun Author-X-Name-Last: Kim Title: Connected and automated vehicle loading system for improving operational inefficiency from human driven vehicle in roll-on/roll-off port operations Abstract: This study aims to identify the non-value-adding activities during vehicle stowage operations in automobile terminals and propose a connected automated vehicle (CAV) loading system, a self-driving-car-loading system. Furthermore, the productivity of the CAV loading system is compared with the current loading system. A simulation model of an actual loading system was developed using the software FlexSim. The simulation results showed that the walking time of workers, operation time of shuttle vans, and waiting time occupied a large part of the cycle time in the current operation system. The proposed CAV loading system has eliminated these inefficiencies, and increased productivity by 26.78%. This is the first study to (1) present a self-driving-car-loading system in a simulated automobile terminal of a real-world size, and (2) propose a CAV loading system. Results provide useful insights for the integration of self-driving technology into future automobile port operations. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 258-283 Issue: 2 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 02 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2265382 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2265382 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:2:p:258-283 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2285456_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Hongmei Yu Author-X-Name-First: Hongmei Author-X-Name-Last: Yu Author-Name: Xiaofei Ye Author-X-Name-First: Xiaofei Author-X-Name-Last: Ye Author-Name: Lining Liu Author-X-Name-First: Lining Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Tao Wang Author-X-Name-First: Tao Author-X-Name-Last: Wang Author-Name: Xingchen Yan Author-X-Name-First: Xingchen Author-X-Name-Last: Yan Author-Name: Jun Chen Author-X-Name-First: Jun Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Bin Ran Author-X-Name-First: Bin Author-X-Name-Last: Ran Title: Analyzing multi-factor effects on travel well-being, including non-linear relationship and interaction Abstract: Enhancing the travel well-being of commuters is crucial for the sustainable development of urban transportation and requires a clear understanding of the factors. However, existing research on the factors affecting travel well-being has not considered travel disturbance. This research adds travel disturbance and effort to a survey in Ningbo, China. Using this dataset, machine learning algorithms were employed to explore the complex relationship of seven variables on commuters’ travel well-being. The results demonstrated machine learning algorithms such as Gradient Boosting Decision Tree and Random Forest outperform traditional linear regressions in analyzing travel well-being. The study identified built environment (Relative Importance = 24.6%) and affective effort (Relative Importance  = 17.2%) were key determinants of travel well-being. Non-linear relationship between key variables and travel well-being was also investigated, and revealing a complex interaction between these variables. This research could help transportation managers provide more targeted and efficient suggestions to increase urban commuters’ travel well-being. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 419-447 Issue: 3 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2285456 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2285456 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:3:p:419-447 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2311081_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Gunnhild Beate Antonsen Svaboe Author-X-Name-First: Gunnhild Beate Antonsen Author-X-Name-Last: Svaboe Author-Name: Trude Tørset Author-X-Name-First: Trude Author-X-Name-Last: Tørset Author-Name: Jardar Lohne Author-X-Name-First: Jardar Author-X-Name-Last: Lohne Title: A comparative study of national travel surveys in six European countries Abstract: This paper aims to show how changes in survey design, supervision, and data collector affect travel survey data. The results can be used by policymakers and travel behaviour researchers when evaluating or choosing survey design. A document study of public documentation of national travel survey (NTS) methodology, and research using NTS data material from six European countries were conducted to compare the survey design of their respective NTSs. The results show that all countries included in this analysis have some sort of quality challenges. However, the countries have handled them differently, at different stages, and the transparency of the data collection process varies. Transparency in the data collection process and processing of data is essential for improving the survey design, evaluating quality, and ensuring that the time series is intact. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 400-418 Issue: 3 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2024.2311081 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2024.2311081 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:3:p:400-418 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2265910_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Ashwin Narayana Author-X-Name-First: Ashwin Author-X-Name-Last: Narayana Author-Name: Chandra Balijepalli Author-X-Name-First: Chandra Author-X-Name-Last: Balijepalli Title: Models for quick evaluation of displaced right turn intersection performance Abstract: Alternative intersection designs can provide cost-effective solutions to overcome the proven inadequacy of conventional approaches. Several studies have assessed the performance of alternative designs against a range of traffic volumes and geometric design aspects, each in isolation, but a model which can factor in multiple variables into the analysis is the identified research gap. The displaced left-turn – DLT intersection design was found to be the most versatile, efficient, and transferable to locations elsewhere in the world. In this paper, a displaced right-turn intersection – a variant of DLT, was modelled for a range of traffic flows and design conditions. Regression models were developed for Practical Reserve Capacity and Delay as dependent variables with traffic flow, proportion of right-turning traffic, signal cycle time and length of displaced turn as explanatory variables. These models can provide relatively quick preliminary estimates of the performance indicators before committing to resource-consuming junction remodelling works. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 448-470 Issue: 3 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2265910 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2265910 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:3:p:448-470 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2287138_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Şükrü İmre Author-X-Name-First: Şükrü Author-X-Name-Last: İmre Author-Name: Dilay Çelebi Author-X-Name-First: Dilay Author-X-Name-Last: Çelebi Author-Name: Umut Asan Author-X-Name-First: Umut Author-X-Name-Last: Asan Title: Estimating potential adoption rate of electric vehicles in urban logistics Abstract: This research presents an analytical analysis of the factors related to the preference for using electric vehicles, aimed at estimating their potential adoption in urban freight transport. We employed choice modeling to assess the trade-offs among various attributes associated with Electric Freight Vehicles (EFVs) and predicted the probabilities of EFV adoption within urban freight fleets. This estimation is based on an industry survey and real delivery data from a retail firm. Our findings indicate that electric vehicles could be utilized in approximately 32% of the deliveries for the case company. This, in turn, corresponds to a notable 26% reduction in CO2 emissions resulting from delivery operations. Furthermore, our model enabled us to expand the scope of our analysis to the city level, using Istanbul as a specific example. Our illustration demonstrates that, under the current circumstances, electric vehicles have the potential to account for roughly 25% of all deliveries in Istanbul. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 370-399 Issue: 3 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2287138 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2287138 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:3:p:370-399 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2294339_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Henrik Sällberg Author-X-Name-First: Henrik Author-X-Name-Last: Sällberg Author-Name: Emil Numminen Author-X-Name-First: Emil Author-X-Name-Last: Numminen Title: Critical risk factors of electric road uptake on motorways: a Swedish Delphi study Abstract: This paper presents the results of a ranking-type Delphi study on the critical risk factors for the adoption of an electric road system (e-road) for trucks on the main motorways in Sweden. The investment cost of such a system is high, necessitating an upfront evaluation of the adoption risk factors to reduce the likelihood of budget overruns and project delays. Participating Swedish e-road experts (N = 52) from the public sector, private sector, and academia identified 32 unique risk factors, which were divided into five categories. The three most critical risk factors, as ranked by the experts, were ‘low expansion rate,’ ‘low utilization rate,’ and ‘lengthy public-sector evaluation.’ Overall, market and financial risks were ranked as more important than institutional, technological, and sustainability risks. This study has important implications for policymakers in countries considering e-road adoption. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 303-322 Issue: 3 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2294339 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2294339 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:3:p:303-322 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2268601_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Si Liu Author-X-Name-First: Si Author-X-Name-Last: Liu Author-Name: Elkafi Hassini Author-X-Name-First: Elkafi Author-X-Name-Last: Hassini Title: Freight last mile delivery: a literature review Abstract: The authors review the literature on last mile delivery logistics within commercial and humanitarian supply chains from 2010 to the end of 2021. The scope of the last mile, including last mile logistics, last mile distribution, and last-mile mile delivery, is covered. A unifying terminology of the major concepts in this field and a bibliometric analysis are provided. Based on the analysis, the authors further classify and discuss the literature into three clusters: humanitarian relief, commercial logistics, and emerging technologies. Within each generated cluster, research gaps and current trends are identified. Future research directions are suggested based on this literature review. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 323-369 Issue: 3 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 04 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2268601 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2268601 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:3:p:323-369 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2293056_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Chih-Hao Hsu Author-X-Name-First: Chih-Hao Author-X-Name-Last: Hsu Title: Simulation of emergency evacuation with crowd-gathering risk and evaluation methods: a case study of the mass rapid transit system in Taipei Abstract: Mass rapid transit (MRT) systems are the backbone of transportation infrastructure in many cities. During emergencies, indoor subway stations become particularly susceptible to panic and overcrowding, making evacuation difficult. Therefore, simulating the evacuation and sheltering processes of a large number of individuals during emergencies is key in urban disaster response. In this study, a spatial evacuation risk model was used to enhance the safety of evacuation strategies in an MRT system. Data were collected on spatial architectural floor plans, and a database for communication and pedestrian flow was established. The behavioral patterns and distribution of individuals within stations and the characteristics of refuge spaces were also investigated. To simulate the processes of evacuation and sheltering, the Pathfinder evacuation simulation tool was used to construct a three-dimensional spatial model of a subway station. Specific scenarios were then constructed to simulate the procedures of evacuation and sheltering. Subsequently, the factors contributing to overcrowding-related hazards were analyzed to examine the spatial risks associated with crowd aggregation and evacuation and provide recommendations for improvement. Given its numerous advantages, this approach can serve as a valuable reference for conducting risk assessments in other large-scale crowd aggregation spaces. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 514-539 Issue: 4 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2293056 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2293056 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:4:p:514-539 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2300800_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Ali Soltani Author-X-Name-First: Ali Author-X-Name-Last: Soltani Author-Name: Mohammad Azmoodeh Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Author-X-Name-Last: Azmoodeh Author-Name: Milad Doostvandi Author-X-Name-First: Milad Author-X-Name-Last: Doostvandi Author-Name: Ahmad Sheikh Ahmadi Author-X-Name-First: Ahmad Author-X-Name-Last: Sheikh Ahmadi Author-Name: Mohammad Rahimi Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Author-X-Name-Last: Rahimi Title: Post-COVID-19 campus commuting patterns and influential factors: evidence from a developing country Abstract: This research investigates factors influencing students’ commuting choices to university campuses, focusing on the post-COVID-19 era, attitudes, and socio-economic variables. The study includes original data collected from a total of 785 participants who were surveyed at Shiraz University, located in Iran. The study results indicate that while public transportation and university shuttle buses continue to be widely used for transportation, a considerable proportion of students prefer personal cars, mostly driven by favourable impressions. The closeness to the campus is a crucial factor in this regard, as the students residing within a distance of 3 km exhibit a preference for walking. Moreover, the significance of bio-security factors such as cleanliness and the effective control of crowds for modal choice in the post-COVID-19 era. The study's findings give valuable insights for service providers and university administrators in the development of sustainable commuting programmes that align with the university's environmental goals. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 566-597 Issue: 4 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2300800 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2300800 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:4:p:566-597 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2282059_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Md Ashraful Imran Author-X-Name-First: Md Ashraful Author-X-Name-Last: Imran Author-Name: Kate Hyun Author-X-Name-First: Kate Author-X-Name-Last: Hyun Title: In-store shopping trip predictions and impact factors during COVID-19 emergencies Abstract: Despite the rapid growth of online shopping during COVID-19, a significant number of consumers still prefer in-store shopping. This study leverages two years (i.e. pre-pandemic and pandemic) of smartphone location data to develop machine learning (ML) models, specifically Random Forest (RF) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), for predicting community (e.g. block group (BG)) level in-store shopping trips for department stores, shopping malls, supermarkets, and wholesale stores. This study identifies that temperature, accessibility to stores, and the number of online shopping last-mile delivery are the three most important factors influencing shopping trips; specifically, the extent of online shopping is a critical determinant for supermarkets and wholesale store trip-makings before and during the pandemic. The models developed and important determinants of shopping trips will provide useful insight for shopping trip demand forecasting as well as impact assessments of relevant policies on in-store shopping demand during emergencies. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 540-565 Issue: 4 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2282059 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2282059 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:4:p:540-565 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2325215_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: The Editors Title: Correction Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 622-622 Issue: 4 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2024.2325215 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2024.2325215 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:4:p:622-622 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2306357_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Frédéric Dobruszkes Author-X-Name-First: Frédéric Author-X-Name-Last: Dobruszkes Author-Name: Amparo Moyano Author-X-Name-First: Amparo Author-X-Name-Last: Moyano Title: The longer the better? Revisiting high-speed rail coverage worldwide Abstract: While high-speed rail networks involve significant public expenditure in the name of the whole nation, scholars have paid little attention to the share of the population served by this modern transport mode. Studies have favoured perspectives that either neglect population volumes or include them but cannot offer a worldwide assessment. Public authorities favour passionate statements about network length and cruising speed but at the same time they neglect the populations served. In contrast, this paper offers a worldwide comparison of populations served by high-speed rail services in 15 countries. We found the range is wide (7%−94%) and depends on several factors beyond network length, including network design, urbanisation patterns, technical characteristics and domestic vs. international purposes. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 471-488 Issue: 4 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2024.2306357 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2024.2306357 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:4:p:471-488 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2286495_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Xu Yi Author-X-Name-First: Xu Author-X-Name-Last: Yi Author-Name: Kang Chen Author-X-Name-First: Kang Author-X-Name-Last: Chen Author-Name: Zhongzhen Yang Author-X-Name-First: Zhongzhen Author-X-Name-Last: Yang Title: The trend of the structural change of the city taxi market in China: a modal split analysis in the context of different market access rules Abstract: To elucidate the impact of online car-hailing (OCH) on traditional taxi services and in producing structural changes to urban taxi markets in China, we propose a model based on the market access rules and business models of the two modes that analyzes their interactions in the following arenas: fleet size, passenger waiting time, service level, and driver income. Then, we build a nested logit model to predict the modal splits and market shares for four travel modes (online car-hailing, traditional taxi, metro, and bus). Taking Ningbo as an example, we estimate the changes in the number of OCH vehicles, the modal splits of the four travel modes, and the new equilibrium in urban taxi service markets. We show that OCH puts significant pressure on the traditional taxi market due to the positive feedback between OCH fleet size and its service quality. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 598-621 Issue: 4 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2286495 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2286495 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:4:p:598-621 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: GTPT_A_2269191_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Kuo-Cheng Hsu Author-X-Name-First: Kuo-Cheng Author-X-Name-Last: Hsu Author-Name: Shu-Wen Lin Author-X-Name-First: Shu-Wen Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Author-Name: Ying-Ying Leong Author-X-Name-First: Ying-Ying Author-X-Name-Last: Leong Author-Name: Jia-Huey Yeh Author-X-Name-First: Jia-Huey Author-X-Name-Last: Yeh Title: Enhancing the pedestrian environment and walking willingness around mass rapid transit (MRT) stations in Asian cities – an empirical study of Taipei Abstract: Asian cities have promoted TOD to increase MRT use and decrease private vehicle use. A crucial factor in achieving this goal is improving the pedestrian environment, which can increase people's willingness to walk to MRT stations. This paper analyses how Asian cities have improved the pedestrian environment around MRT stations and the factors influencing walking willingness by reviewing literature and taking Taipei as the empirical area. The results demonstrated that reducing obstacles in pedestrian space, evening the pavement, using transparent window displays in stores along the pavement, and constructing rain shelters can increase people's willingness to walk. The simulations of improved environments can provide references for countries improving the pedestrian environment. The contribution and innovation are to point out the differences in the motivation and goals of TOD in Asian and Western cities and propose improvements to increase people's willingness to walk to achieve TOD's goals. Journal: Transportation Planning and Technology Pages: 489-513 Issue: 4 Volume: 47 Year: 2024 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2269191 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03081060.2023.2269191 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:47:y:2024:i:4:p:489-513