Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary R. Brooks
Author-X-Name-First: Mary R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brooks
Title: Performance evaluation by North American carriers
Abstract:
Performance evaluation in the US transport system is well
underway according to the trade press; its use by Canadian firms is less
well known. This paper will report some of the preliminary findings of the
second phase of a three phase research study now under way to examine the
assessment of carrier performance by users and suppliers of North American
transportation services. Phase I examined the approaches of cargo
suppliers (manufacturers) to the evaluation of their transport suppliers'
performance to understand the business practices taking place. The results
of this activity were reported in Transport Reviews,
18(1). Detailed case studies of user companies
is the part of phase I that remains to be completed. Phase II will examine
similar elements from the viewpoints of carriers and logistics service
firms. This paper focuses on the preliminary findings of the carrier
component of phase II and is intended to stimulate debate on the entire
topic of buyer-seller relationships and the current realities of selling
transport services.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-11
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295646
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295646
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:1:p:1-11
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Rye
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Rye
Title: Employer transport plans-a case for regulation?
Abstract:
Employer transport plans (ETPs) are increasingly seen by
transport planners as one of potential means to manage the demand for
private transport. Such plans seek to reduce trips to work by car by
providing, through individual employers, a targeted, integrated package of
incentives and disincentives to influence commuters' choice of mode for
travel to and from the workplace. This paper makes a critical assessment
of the potential of ETPs to reduce trips by car to and from workplaces.
Drawing on US, UK and Dutch experience, it argues that only a minority of
employers will voluntarily implement ETPs because they will be seen by the
majority as an unnecessary and potentially costly diversion from their
normal business activities. It further argues that, for implementation to
be widespread, regulation may be required, but that this could be
unpopular and difficult to enforce. Instead it urges the adoption of an
approach which uses fiscal measures to encourage organizations to adopt
ETPs.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 13-31
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295655
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295655
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:1:p:13-31
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred J. Baird
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Baird
Title: A comparative study of the ferry industry in Japan and the UK
Abstract:
This study analyses key differences between the RoRo ferry
industries in Japan and the UK. Data has been obtained from
semi-structured interviews with ferry operators, port authorities,
government officials and from secondary sources. The respective ferry
industries are assessed on the basis of a range of criteria including
routes and operators, traffic flows, vessels, ports, and modal
competition. Whilst several differences are identified, a clear difference
exists in terms of the orientation of ferry services: in the UK, ferry
services are predominantly international, whereas in Japan, ferry services
are predominantly domestic. Today, approximately one in every four trucks
travelling over long distances in Japan is carried by ferry, and this
notwithstanding the availability of a sophisticated expressway system. The
UK and other countries with long coastlines and congested highways need to
consider the benefits to be derived from an effective sea highway, as in
Japan. Japan can also learn from the experience of the UK- Europe ferry
network. Continued expansion of the network reflects increased trade as a
result of the Single European Market, and the RoRo ferry is now arguably
the most important transport mode for UK international trade. This is not
the case in Japan, where links with nearby countries are rarely maintained
by ferries. Hence, research is also required to establish the potential
effectiveness of developing a network of fast RoRo ferry links between
Japan and its near neighbours, particularly China, South Korea, Russia and
Taiwan.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 33-55
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295664
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295664
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:1:p:33-55
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kiron Chatterjee
Author-X-Name-First: Kiron
Author-X-Name-Last: Chatterjee
Title: Modelling the impacts of transport telematics: Current limitations and future developments
Abstract:
Pressure on transport networks from increased demand to travel
combined with reducing investment in highway infrastructure is leading to
significant interest in the use of transport telematics. Telematics
systems are aimed at making the most of existing infrastructure through,
for example, area traffic control, electronic tolling and traveller
information. Although there are quite high levels of activity in the
application and implementation of some systems, there remains a
significant dearth of evidence of the impact these systems will have on
behaviour and travel patterns. It is important that appropriate appraisal
methodologies are available to assess the impact of new systems. Modelling
is an appropriate method of appraisal as it enables system-wide impacts of
individual responses to be predicted. This paper is concerned with the
advances required in order that modelling techniques are available for
this purpose. Modelling requirements are identified from reviews of
technologies, behavioural responses and modelling procedures. Advice is
given on both enhancements to existing modelling procedures and the
structure of a modelling system that fully meets assessment needs.
Recommendations are made on steps to be taken towards this.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 57-80
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295673
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295673
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:1:p:57-80
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leo Dobes
Author-X-Name-First: Leo
Author-X-Name-Last: Dobes
Title: Kyoto: Tradable greenhouse emission permits in the transport sector
Abstract:
Tradable permits in greenhouse gases are a key, last-minute
provision incorporated in the Protocol agreed in Kyoto in December 1997,
but the details of any future scheme remain to be negotiated. If an
effective scheme is to be implemented, it needs to take account of issues
such as the fact that international transport emissions are currently
recorded, but not attributed to specific countries; possible distortions,
because the Kyoto Protocol targets only radiatively direct greenhouse
gases; the need for compatibility with 'green' national accounts, and
business accounting conventions for treating environmental assets and
liabilities; and the need for scientific clarification on the calculation
of CO2 equivalents for long-term carbon sinks. Given the
transaction costs involved in tradable permit schemes, it is worth asking
whether a carbon tax may be preferable in sectors such as transport.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 81-97
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295682
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295682
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:1:p:81-97
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert C. Lieb
Author-X-Name-First: Robert C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lieb
Title: Use of third-party logistics services by large US manufacturers in 1997 and comparisons with previous years
Abstract:
The use of third-party logistics services by large US
manufacturers continues to grow. Increasingly, those services are used to
support international sourcing and sales activities. Use of these services
is often triggered by specific events such as a corporate restructuring, a
top management change or a benchmarking effort. Nearly two-thirds of users
report they experienced significant impediments in implementing
third-party agreements. After starting conservatively, the typical user
buys a wide variety of logistics services. Users generally report that
buying logistics services has had a positive impact on their
organizations, particularly with respect to logistics costs and customer
service. However, many also report negative impact on employee morale
linked to downsizing the logistics workforce. More than two-thirds of
users report cancelling at least one-third-party logistics contract.
Nevertheless, if given complete responsibility to make the decision, >70%
of users would increase their companies' use of such services.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 103-115
Issue: 2
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295565
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295565
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:2:p:103-115
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fumitoshi Mizutani
Author-X-Name-First: Fumitoshi
Author-X-Name-Last: Mizutani
Title: An assessment of the Japan Railway companies since privatization: Performance, local rail service and debts
Abstract:
This paper deals with three issues related to the privatization
of Japan National Railway: the performance of each Japan Railway (JR)
since privatization, the state of local rail service since the
privatization and the handling of JNR's long-term debts. First, after a
summary of what happened during the privatization of JNR in 1987, I will
analyse the JRs' performance since privatization, taking the following
performance measures: operating revenue cost ratio as an indicator of
financial situation; average fare; wage; labour productivity; and average
operating costs. In this analysis, I will investigate factors that attain
performance improvement, such as competitive pressures and practical
options related to organizational structure, incentive schemes, corporate
strategies, etc. Second, I will focus on the question of whether the local
rail service in small communities has remained intact since privatization.
Opponents to privatization had argued that such service would atrophy.
With JRs' typical local lines as samples, service quality is observed as
reflected in frequency, operating time, departure of first and last train,
with all figures taken between 1987 (the onset of privatization) and 1997
(10 years after privatization). Finally, the current issue of the
long-term debts of JNR is discussed. In addition to the sale of JNR land
and stock, it is inevitable that taxpayers' money will have to be used
against this massive debt. I will outline the liquidation plan upon which
the government has decided and look into the kind of political involvement
brought about by the debt predicament.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 117-139
Issue: 2
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295574
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295574
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:2:p:117-139
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Q. Dalvi
Author-X-Name-First: M. Q.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dalvi
Title: Financing a metro rail through private sector initiative: The Mumbai Metro
Abstract:
Metro railways, being loss-making propositions, are generally
built and operated by governments or their organizations. The need for
constructing a metro railway in Mumbai has been felt for a long time but
due to lack of resources the government has not been able to take any
initiative. Meanwhile, travelling conditions in the city have become
unbearable and unsafe. A group of private consultants has recently
completed a techno-economic feasibility study for constructing and
operating a metro system in Mumbai through private sector involvement. The
paper briefly discusses the financial model and the funding methods
recommended to render the project financially attractive for the private
sector participation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 141-156
Issue: 2
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295583
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295583
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:2:p:141-156
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Wootton
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wootton
Title: Replacing the private car
Abstract:
Increasing car ownership, the use people make of cars and the
changes in the patterns of land use are the root causes of people's
concerns about traffic congestion, pollution, sustainability and safety. A
long-term strategy is needed to solve the problems. The strategy should
include education to encourage changes in behaviour; reshaping our towns
and cities to reduce the need for personal mobility by mechanized
transport; improved public transport; building more roads; the rapid
introduction of new technology; more fuel-effective vehicles; pricing
mechanisms to give the right incentives; and new sources of funds to
finance the solutions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 157-175
Issue: 2
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295592
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295592
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:2:p:157-175
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Bratzel
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Bratzel
Title: Conditions of success in sustainable urban transport policyPolicy change in 'relatively successful' European cities
Abstract:
The paper outlines some preliminary results of an ongoing study
on 'conditions of success in sustainable transport policies in cities'.
The study consists of a comparative analysis of five case studies dealing
with relatively successful European cities in three countries: Zurich,
Basle (Switzerland), Amsterdam, Groningen (The Netherlands) and Freiburg
(Germany). Having in mind the ongoing deterioration of traffic-related
environmental problems in cities, the paper proceeds in a three-step
approach: by describing the trends of transport of persons and the
environment in general and of forerunner cities in particular, the
opportunities and limits of sustainable urban transport developments are
detected in a first step. In a second step, the degrees and patterns of
environmentally oriented policy changes in relatively successful cities
are outlined. The third step focuses on the reasons and ways policy
windows open up for fundamental environmentally oriented changes of
transport policies. It is argued that 'macro-windows' for such changes
only open up due to strong and enduring forces originally from outside the
local political system. Social crises and impressive political mandates
were identified as important external factors that influenced the
'greening' of urban transport in the relatively successful cities.
However, an open macro-window is only conceived as a political opportunity
for change, a necessary but not sufficient condition. Whether or to what
extent these opportunities are utilized depends on further factors.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 177-190
Issue: 2
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295600
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295600
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:2:p:177-190
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Harris
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris
Title: Competitive strategies for railways in the UK: A corporate perspective
Abstract:
As part of a trend towards increasing the involvement of the
private sector in railway operations, Britain's passenger railways were
franchised in 1996 - 97. This followed the fragmentation of the erstwhile
nationalized British Rail into an infrastructure owner (Railtrack, itself
privatized in 1994), train operating companies (TOCs) and a host of other
organizations. Included among these were freight operations that, despite
initial suggestions, were sold primarily in only two lots. Although there
have been analyses on this privatization process, including (importantly)
from the passengers'/customers' point of view, one perspective that has
remained under reported has been from the corporate perspective. With 25
different TOCs (even if ultimately owned by only 13 different
organizations), there is ample ability to demonstrate a wide range of
corporate behaviour. This paper sets out to demonstrate that a varied
response to railway operating is indeed being pursued by a range of TOCs.
First, the characteristics of the passenger railway sector are considered,
both from a management and an economic viewpoint. A brief historical
section then enables the different strategies being adopted by a number of
companies to be looked at, and to conclude that some of these are more
likely to be successful than others.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 191-202
Issue: 2
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295619
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295619
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:2:p:191-202
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niklas Sieber
Author-X-Name-First: Niklas
Author-X-Name-Last: Sieber
Title: Transporting the yield: Appropriate transport for agricultural production and marketing in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract:
The conventional approach towards agricultural transport in
Sub-Saharan Africa focuses mostly on motorized transport. This approach is
too narrow because it does not reflect the transport requirements and
purchasing power of small-scale farmers. This paper explains why a broader
approach that includes not only roads, but also paths and tracks; not only
trucks but also intermediate means of transport such as donkeys, bicycles
and animal carts can considerably improve agricultural transport. Even
though the effects of an appropriate approach on agricultural production,
marketing and income can be significant, it is more often rejected by
decision-makers as primitive and backward.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 205-220
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295493
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:3:p:205-220
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. W. Axhausen
Author-X-Name-First: K. W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Axhausen
Author-Name: P. G. Brandl
Author-X-Name-First: P. G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brandl
Title: Dynamics of LRT growth: Karlsruhe since 1975
Abstract:
The public transport system of Karlsruhe, in particular its
innovative services on jointly used heavy rail lines, has received
substantial attention throughout the past 20 years. The discussion of the
system and of its development has been rather limited in the past, mostly
highlighting technical aspects. This paper provides an overview of the
development, including the urban development, of the region and of the
funding system. The ridership and financial development of the operator is
documented in detail. Three case studies focus on the integration of the
system development in the general political process of the region and
demonstrate the limitations of the operator under its current ownership
structures.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 221-240
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295501
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295501
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:3:p:221-240
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laurent Denant-Boemont
Author-X-Name-First: Laurent
Author-X-Name-Last: Denant-Boemont
Author-Name: Gordon Mills
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon
Author-X-Name-Last: Mills
Title: Urban light rail: Intermodal competition or coordination?
Abstract:
When modern light-rail technology does have a sound economic
role in urban transport, how should its deployment be organized? In
particular, what role might there be for private enterprise? In many
countries, a city coordinates its light-rail and bus services: buses feed
light rail rather than run in parallel; travel passes are valid on all
modes. In contrast, light rail in England may experience onstreet
competition because deregulation has removed restrictions on bus entry. In
many cases, light rail is established not only to provide basic public
transport but also (1) to provide high-quality service that attracts use
by car-owners, (2) to reduce pollution from buses and (3) to facilitate
changes to urban form. In that context, competition may be both
impracticable and undesirable. In cases where these three aims matter
little, on-street competition may be beneficial, but light rail may not be
worthwhile. The paper identifies arrangements for franchising and
contracting-out that respect these considerations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 241-253
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295510
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295510
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:3:p:241-253
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tore Langmyhr
Author-X-Name-First: Tore
Author-X-Name-Last: Langmyhr
Title: Understanding innovation: The case of road pricing
Abstract:
Road pricing has emerged as an important transport-planning
topic in several countries. This can be attributed to a growing concern
for urban congestion and environmental problems, as well as to
difficulties in financing new transport infrastructure. However, this
innovative policy measure has rarely been implemented and consequently the
Norwegian schemes have attracted much attention as exceptional examples of
urban-wide road pricing. In this paper, factors contributing to the
implementation of road pricing innovations are studied based on four
Norwegian case studies. Different approaches to innovation research are
discussed and a 'constructivist' approach is developed. This implies a
focus on the meaning ascribed to road pricing measures by different actors
at different times, on the alliances between important proponents and on
innovation as an evolutionary process. The role of planners as
facilitators of road pricing innovations is investigated. Factors
describing 'simple' and 'complicated' contexts for road pricing
implementation are outlined.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 255-271
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295529
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295529
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:3:p:255-271
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary R. Brooks
Author-X-Name-First: Mary R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brooks
Title: Performance evaluation of carriers by North American logistics service firms
Abstract:
Performance evaluation in the US transport system is well under
way according to the trade press; its use by Canadian firms is less well
known. This paper reports some of the preliminary findings of the second
phase of a threephase research study now under way to examine the
assessment of carrier performance by users and suppliers of North American
transportation services. Phase I examined the approaches of cargo
suppliers (manufacturers) to the evaluation of their transport suppliers'
performance, in order to understand the business practices taking place.
The results of this activity were reported in Volume 18, Number 1 of
Transport Reviews. Detailed case studies of user companies is the part of
Phase I that remains to be completed. Phase II examines similar elements
from the viewpoints of carriers and a small number of logistics service
firms. This paper describes the views of a number of logistics service
firms, and completes a preliminary exploration of the practices of these
firms in their dealings with carriers.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 273-283
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295538
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295538
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:3:p:273-283
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tony Bliss
Author-X-Name-First: Tony
Author-X-Name-Last: Bliss
Author-Name: Jagadish Guria
Author-X-Name-First: Jagadish
Author-X-Name-Last: Guria
Author-Name: Wayne Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Wayne
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Author-Name: Nigel Rockliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Nigel
Author-X-Name-Last: Rockliffe
Title: A road safety resource allocation model
Abstract:
This paper describes a model for the optimal allocation of road
safety resources in New Zealand. The model permits expenditure to be
allocated between regions, intervention types and road types so that
efficiency is maximized given a resource constraint. It can accommodate
resource constraints and other policy goals (such as equity). It relies on
the principle that road safety interventions should be carried out until
the cost of the marginal unit of intervention on the marginal section of
road equals its marginal benefit. It is illustrated by applying it to road
safety enforcement: police patrol hours are allocated optimally between
areas. The model can, in principle, be adapted to other types of road
expenditure. Refinements and extensions are suggested.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 291-303
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295402
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295402
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:4:p:291-303
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Parviz A. Koushki
Author-X-Name-First: Parviz A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Koushki
Author-Name: Saleh Yaseen
Author-X-Name-First: Saleh
Author-X-Name-Last: Yaseen
Author-Name: Laila I. Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Laila I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali
Title: Evaluation of bus transit maintenance and operation costs in Kuwait
Abstract:
The Kuwait Public Transit Company (KPTC) provides the only
source of mobility for a large percentage of the low-income expatriate
labourers in Kuwait since the price of the taxi system - the only
alternative mode - is beyond their reach. The KPTC also provides
transportation services for schools, private agencies and government
ministries, as well as for the handicapped. The KPTC transit fleet
includes a variety of bus vehicles purchased from different manufacturers.
In this research study, performance indicators for a sample of transit
routes are computed and the maintenance and operation cost records for
nearly 1000 buses were obtained from the files of the KPTC and analysed.
Unit costs for each bus type were calculated and compared. In addition,
the life-cycle cost - one that includes capital investment, maintenance
and operation expenses, as well as salvage value - was also calculated and
compared. The results indicated that a significant reduction in costs
would be accomplished if the route operational policies,
purchase-decisions and the daily operation level of the buses were based
on their life-cycle cost.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 305-314
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295411
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295411
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:4:p:305-314
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chester G. Wilmot
Author-X-Name-First: Chester G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilmot
Author-Name: Mandar Khanal
Author-X-Name-First: Mandar
Author-X-Name-Last: Khanal
Title: Effect of Speed limits on speed and safety: A review
Abstract:
This paper draws on the results of studies conducted around the
world on the effect of speed limits on speed and safety. It is observed
that, generally, motorists do not adhere to speed limits but instead
choose speeds they perceive as acceptably safe. Perceptions of safety are
influenced by the environment in which travel takes place such as whether
the road is a controlled access facility, the nature of adjoining land
use, the geometry of the road and existing weather conditions. The
relationship between speed and safety is influenced by factors such as the
type of road, driver age and vehicle safety devices. Research shows that
speed cannot be linked statistically to the incidence of accidents,
although it is statistically significant in accident severity. If speed
limits are increased only on controlled-access facilities, while retaining
lower speed limits on other facilities, system-wide safety may not be
adversely affected. The main benefits of increasing speed limits seem to
be in improving their credibility with the public and regaining control of
speed behaviour on highways.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 315-329
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295420
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295420
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:4:p:315-329
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antoneta X. Horbury
Author-X-Name-First: Antoneta X.
Author-X-Name-Last: Horbury
Title: Guidelines for specifying automatic vehicle location and real-time passenger information systems using current best practice
Abstract:
Several bus companies and local authorities are showing a great
deal of interest in automatic vehicle location (AVL) technology since AVL
data can be used to drive systems which provide real-time passenger
information at bus stops (which are perceived to be a potential source of
increasing patronage and also have a high on-street profile). However,
many AVL and real-time passenger information systems have been bought
'off-the-shelf' without consideration as to whether the system could be
better with re-specification. To combat this problem, a comparison of the
advantages and disadvantages of the various AVL technologies has been made
to produce guidelines for the specification of AVL systems and real-time
passenger information systems, and the results have been presented here.
To identify current best practice, interviews were carried out with
project managers of most of the real-time passenger information systems
operational in the UK and some bus operators who were implementing AVL
systems. The results suggest that no one system embraces all best practice
and so there is potential to improve on the 'off-the-shelf' systems
currently available from manufacturers.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 331-351
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295439
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295439
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:4:p:331-351
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Khaled A. Abbas
Author-X-Name-First: Khaled A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Abbas
Author-Name: Mona H. Abd-Allah
Author-X-Name-First: Mona H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Abd-Allah
Title: Estimation and assessment of cost allocation models for main transit systems operating in Cairo
Abstract:
This paper reviews the main characteristics of the provision of
urban transit systems in Cairo, namely buses, minibuses, river buses,
trams and surface metros, all being currently operated by Cairo Transport
Authority (CTA). It presents some generic types of indicators to compare
and assess the performance of the five main urban transit systems provided
by CTA. The CTA budget plan for the Financial Year 96/97 is reviewed. The
absence of any form of cost modelling as an integral part of CTA budget
plans is identified. Here, an attempt is made to develop cost models for
the main urban transit systems operated by CTA. Four generic approaches
for estimating cost models for transit services are comparatively
reviewed, namely the causal factor, cost allocation, regression and
temporal variation methods. Cost allocation methods are particularly
applied in this research to estimate different cost models for the main
transit systems operated by CTA. These models are meant to assist in
predicting and showing the relative magnitude of expected changes in
various cost categories, resulting from systems/services expansion or
down-sizing for the transit modes operated by CTA. The development of such
models is thought to contribute in raising the cost consciousness in CTA
with the ultimate benefit of maximizing system efficiency.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 353-375
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 1999
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416499295448
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416499295448
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:19:y:1999:i:4:p:353-375
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Banister
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Editorial
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-1
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295301
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295301
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:1:p:1-1
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Wardman
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Wardman
Author-Name: Jonathan Tyler
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Tyler
Title: Rail network accessibility and the demand for inter-urban rail travel
Abstract:
This paper reviews methods that have and can be used to forecast
the effect of changes in accessibility to the rail network on the demand
for inter-urban rail travel and of available evidence on rail
accessibility elasticities. It reveals that relatively little research has
been conducted in this area and that the forecasting procedures that could
be used imply large variation in accessibility elasticities, which has not
been empirically justified. Fresh empirical evidence on two related
matters is reported. First, the neglected area of choice set composition
is examined and the extent to which rail is considered to be a realistic
alternative for inter-urban journeys and the contribution that
accessibility to the rail network makes to this are analysed. Second, rail
trip rate models are presented that not only contain estimates of
accessibility elasticities and of the effects of a range of socio-economic
variables on the demand for rail travel, but also that allow tests of the
accessibility elasticity variation implied by many forecasting procedures
to be conducted. It is found that this elasticity variation is not
empirically supported. It is concluded that there is only limited scope
for increasing rail demand through improvements in rail network
accessibility.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 3-24
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295310
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295310
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:1:p:3-24
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jian >Hong Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Jian >Hong
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Chris Nash
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Nash
Title: Railway reform in China
Abstract:
The purpose of this paper is to consider the current situation
of Chinese Railways (CR), the progress of reforms to date, and possible
future developments. The first section describes the current problems of
CR as a vast organization subject to strong central control, facing
enormous and rapidly growing demands which it is unable to satisfy.
Comparisons are drawn between CR and those of India, Japan, North America
and Western Europe. The progress of reform in CR to date, and in
particular the Economic Contract Responsibility System instituted in the
late 1980s and the development of joint venture companies to build new
lines, are then described. In the following section the key reform models
found in other countries- deregulation and privatization of vertically
integrated regional companies; separation of infrastructure from
operations with open access and/or franchising competitors; or
reorganization on the basis of business sectors- are briefly considered.
None is fully suitable for China, but it is suggested that a combination
of sectorization, more commercial independence, further development of
joint public/private partnerships and more contracting out, is the most
likely way forward.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 25-48
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295329
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295329
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:1:p:25-48
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann M. Brewer
Author-X-Name-First: Ann M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brewer
Title: Road rage: What, who, when, where and how?
Abstract:
Road rage is a form of aggressive behaviour by drivers on
roadways. Recent media speculation implies that some drivers are more
susceptible to road rage than others. For example, one commercial study
indicated that women are increasingly the perpetrators of road rage.
Although research of this kind makes good media headlines, there has been
little serious scientific attention on this phenomenon. While the
potential impacts of road rage are unknown, its major implication for road
safety for drivers and others using roadways is apparent. Careful
investigation into road rage may provide greater insight into the
contributing factors of specific types of road accidents, e.g. culpable
driving. It may also lead to the development of enhanced coping strategies
for professional drivers. The focus of this paper is on the motivating and
activating context of road rage and also is a theoretical perspective on
roadway aggression and the diffusion of this form of travel behaviour.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 49-64
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295338
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295338
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:1:p:49-64
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eiichi Taniguchi
Author-X-Name-First: Eiichi
Author-X-Name-Last: Taniguchi
Author-Name: Rob E.C.M. Van Der Heijden
Author-X-Name-First: Rob E.C.M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Heijden
Title: An evaluation methodology for city logistics
Abstract:
This paper presents a methodology for evaluating city logistics
initiatives using a dynamic traffic simulation with optimal routing and
scheduling. This methodology was applied to a test road network. The
performance of three city logistics initiatives, advanced routing and
scheduling systems, cooperative freight transport systems and load factor
controls were assessed in terms of total costs and CO2
emissions by pickup/delivery trucks operations within the network. Results
indicated that these initiatives were not only effective for reducing
total costs, but also for CO2 emissions. The methodology
presented here allows city planners to quantitatively evaluate city
logistics initiatives.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 65-90
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295347
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295347
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:1:p:65-90
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Monami
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Monami
Title: European passenger rail reforms: A comparative assessment of the emerging models
Abstract:
This paper provides a comprehensive framework for analysing and
comparing the various institutional models and regulatory arrangements
that have recently emerged from the restructuring of European passenger
rail industries. The framework identifies seven key dimensions that can be
used to describe these models and arrangements. It shows how these
dimensions are connected with one another in a complex web of
interactions. Empirical material gathered on the passenger rail industries
of five EU Member States, i.e. Belgium, France, Germany, the UK, and
Sweden is used, as well as extrapolation to highlight the costs and
benefits (incentive properties) associated with alternative arrangements
and contract features and to show how certain dimensions can be traded-off
against one another to optimize the industry's performance.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 91-112
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295356
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295356
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:1:p:91-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Sustainable urban development and transport -a Eurovision for 2020
Abstract:
One of the major challenges for urban planning at the end of the
century is the problem that the continuous growth in traffic has had on
the achievement of sustainable urban development. This paper presents the
major elements of the debate from a European perspective and it sketches
out the choices available to decision-makers, together with the very
considerable barriers to implementation. The major issues to be addressed,
if transport is to conform to the principles of sustainable urban
development, are outlined from an international perspective. The actions
available are grouped under the three headings of technology, economic and
financial, and regulation and planning. The particular problems in Europe
relate to the shortage of space, higher densities and the protection of
open space. It is argued that high-quality liveable cities must be the
basis for sustainable urban development and policies should be implemented
to achieve that objective, so the outward migration of residents is
reversed. Sustainable living requires people to want to live in close
proximity in an attractive, affordable urban environment. Recent research
in Europe on the options available at the strategic and the city level
will be cited to illustrate the actions that are now being considered to
achieve sustainable transport in 2020. To achieve this objective, action
is required on both the technology of transport and decoupling of
transport from economic growth. In addition, the commitment and
involvement of all affected parties is essential, so that imaginative and
effective measures can be implemented.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 113-130
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295365
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295365
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:1:p:113-130
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Obituary - Professor Michael E. Beesley, CBE
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 143-144
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295211
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295211
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:2:p:143-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Dougherty
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Dougherty
Author-Name: Ken Fox
Author-X-Name-First: Ken
Author-X-Name-Last: Fox
Author-Name: Michael Cullip
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Cullip
Author-Name: Marco Boero
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Boero
Title: Technological advances that impact on microsimulation modelling
Abstract:
This review covers technological advances that are beginning to
impact on the state-of-the-art of road traffic microsimulation models.
Three main areas are covered, reflecting the conventional division between
software, hardware and data. The emphasis is on developments in modelling
techniques, the increasing richness of data made available from
intelligent transport systems and the rapid fall in the cost of computing
hardware. These areas interact closely because more sophisticated tools
are needed to cope with the huge data sets now available. Applications are
also increasingly expected to run in realtime rather than off-line, with
consequent increases in demand for computing power and functionality. To
the non-specialist user, this increasing diversity can cause difficulties.
The literature is often full of jargon or mathematics and it can be hard
to decide which developments are important for different enduser
applications. This paper, therefore, aims to explain in simple terms what
these technologies are and how they affect modelling practice. It is hoped
this will help end users in several ways; to choose appropriate tools, to
better understand the models they use and to be aware of likely data
sources that will improve modelling accuracy.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 145-171
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295220
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295220
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:2:p:145-171
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Brackstone
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brackstone
Author-Name: M. McDonald
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald
Title: A comparison of EU and US progress in the development of longitudinal advanced vehicle control and safety systems (AVCSS)
Abstract:
Recent years have seen the rapid development of advanced vehicle
control and safety systems (AVCSS), dedicated to improving capacity and
safety, particularly on multilane highways, by modifying driver behaviour,
or introducing a degree of vehicle control. The extent and scale of these
activities has resulted in many overlapping targets and approaches that
have not been fully reconciled. This paper sets out to help develop a
common understanding by: (1) reviewing the current state of the art of
this subject in the European Union (EU) and the USA (2) assessing the
potential benefits/dis-benefits of such systems and (3) assessing the
barriers remaining before these systems may generally be implemented.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 173-190
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295239
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295239
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:2:p:173-190
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. E. Bouwman
Author-X-Name-First: M. E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bouwman
Author-Name: H. C. Moll
Author-X-Name-First: H. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Moll
Title: Energy use reduction potential of passenger transport in Europe
Abstract:
To contribute to a sustainable society, considerable reduction
in energy use and CO2 emissions should be achieved. This paper
presents the results of calculations exploring the energy use reduction
potential of passenger transport for Western Europe (OECD Europe minus
Turkey). For these calculations, three types of options are defined
emphasizing technological, infrastructural and behavioural change. By
2050, technological improvements may reduce energy use per passenger-km by
- 30%. Adding infrastructural options, an energy reduction of > 50% by
2050 can be realised. To achieve further energy reductions, options with a
large behavioural impact should also be implemented. This results in an
80% energy reduction potential in the transport sector by 2050. To
calculate the reduction potential on OECD Europe level, one should factor
in expectations concerning mobility growth. Two mobility development
scenarios are used. Both scenarios foresee a net decrease in total energy
use of 20% with the introduction of the technological and infrastructural
improvement options. Adding options emphasizing behavioural change results
in a net reduction potential of - 60% by 2050.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 191-203
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295248
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295248
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:2:p:191-203
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary R. Brooks
Author-X-Name-First: Mary R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brooks
Title: Performance evaluation of carriers by North American companies
Abstract:
According to the trade press, performance evaluation in North
America is well underway. This paper reports the findings of a research
study to examine the assessment of carrier performance by users and
suppliers of North American transport services. As a descriptive study, it
examines the approaches of cargo suppliers (manufacturers) to the
evaluation of their transport suppliers' performance-incidence of
monitoring, methods, responsibility for and use of findings - to
understand the business practices taking place. These findings are then
contrasted with similar elements from the points of view of carriers and
logistics service firms. The paper does not explore the issue of
performance assessment from a macro-economic focus but rather from one of
firm-specific programme implementation. It concludes that the perception
advanced by the trade press is not the reality reported by companies in
the marketplace.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 205-218
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295257
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295257
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:2:p:205-218
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Pierre Nicolas
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Nicolas
Title: Analysing road traffic influences on air pollution: How to achieve sustainable urban development
Abstract:
This paper considers the main road-traffic parameters that
determine air pollution, i.e. the total volume of traffic, road speeds and
the composition of the vehicle fleet. Changes in the amounts of pollutants
emitted, and the importance of each of the three parameters, have been
computed by using a traffic assignment model, which also represents
emission factors. The types of policies that may be implemented to reduce
the environmental impact of transport are then considered. The study
demonstrates, for example, that the impact of a deterioration in traffic
conditions is limited in comparison with the effect of forecast increases
in traffic and improvements in the environmental performance of vehicles.
As a consequence, if cities and urban transport are to achieve sustainable
development, urban expansion must take place in a controlled way.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 219-232
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295266
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295266
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:2:p:219-232
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Livij Jakomin
Author-X-Name-First: Livij
Author-X-Name-Last: Jakomin
Author-Name: Igor Trupac
Author-X-Name-First: Igor
Author-X-Name-Last: Trupac
Title: Transport integration of Slovenia with the European Union
Abstract:
Today, the extended transport infrastructure along with the
communications and information technologies are to a large extent the
generator of integration processes all over Europe. Novelties in this area
have brought about important changes in the production conditions,
distribution and consumption, which exert influence on the changing of
economic structure, including similar changes in social, cultural and
political relations. In the future, the social and economic development of
Slovenia will depend on proportionate development of regions and on the
embodiment of Slovenia in a wider European space. The transport
infrastructure of Slovenia, along with its transport system, should be
integrated in the European transport system in such a way that the
developmental interest of Slovenia is fully highlighted and included to an
optimum extent in the course of Slovenia's integration to the EU.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 233-255
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295275
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295275
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:2:p:233-255
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cheng-Min Feng
Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Min
Author-X-Name-Last: Feng
Author-Name: Kai-Chieh Chia
Author-X-Name-First: Kai-Chieh
Author-X-Name-Last: Chia
Title: Logistics opportunities in Asia and development in Taiwan
Abstract:
The economy in Asia is growing rapidly. As a consequence,
transportation and communication technologies and the changing needs of
customers and shippers have resulted in Asian and Taiwan's logistics being
in transition. This paper discusses why logistics changes, and explores
the opportunities for Asian logistics development. The issues of logistics
perspectives of private sectors in Taiwan are then raised. Finally,
logistics development in Taiwan is described.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 257-265
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400295284
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400295284
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:2:p:257-265
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pedro Cantos Sánchez
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Cantos
Author-X-Name-Last: Sánchez
Title: A subadditivity test for the cost function of the principal European railways
Abstract:
The objective of this paper is the comparison of the efficiency
levels for a set of European rail companies in monopoly situations with
respect to hypothetical duopoly situations. More specifically, the aim is
to test whether the operating costs function of such companies is
subadditive. A cost function is subadditive when a single firm can produce
all relevant output vectors cheaper than two or more firms. In order to do
so the test developed by Evans and Heckman (1984) will be used. It was
applied for the American phone company Bell System to assess the
convenience of separating the management of local and long-distance
services. The results indicate that at least for the companies of a
greater size, an efficiency increase (as measured by lower costs), would
be obtained from the separation of the current companies in two different
companies of a lower size. Besides, these efficiency gains are greater
when the two new companies specialize their production, either on
passenger or on freight traffic.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 275-290
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400412814
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400412814
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:3:p:275-290
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Still
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Still
Author-Name: David Simmonds
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Simmonds
Title: Parking restraint policy and urban vitality
Abstract:
The aim of the paper is to examine whether parking restraint
policies may have impacts on the economic vitality of urban centres.
Literature from empirical, attitudinal and modelling studies is reviewed
within a structure based around a conceptual framework of parking impacts.
The search for relevant material was undertaken both for the UK and
overseas, but the discussion and conclusions were related to the UK
context. Original modelling was undertaken and is reported here. This
review found that as parking restraint policies have not been previously
implemented with consistency or longevity, there is a lack of direct
evidence, given that land-use impacts typically involve a long-term
response. Furthermore, different methods of examining impacts have come to
very different conclusions. Attitudinal evidence suggests that there is a
high level of sensitivity to parking provision, whereas aggregate
statistical studies tend to find only a weak relationship. The reasons
underlying these differences are discussed. Land-use/transport models show
impacts if there is sufficient change in generalized cost, although the
spatial distribution of impacts, and impacts by household or employment
disaggregation, vary considerably. Given the inconclusive nature of the
evidence to date, only tentative policy implications can be drawn.
Recommendations for further research are outlined, both for empirical
study and for model enhancements.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 291-316
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400412823
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400412823
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:3:p:291-316
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jackie Walters
Author-X-Name-First: Jackie
Author-X-Name-Last: Walters
Author-Name: John Preston
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Preston
Author-Name: Andrew Shaw
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw
Author-Name: Gordon Mills
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon
Author-X-Name-Last: Mills
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Competition and Ownership in Land Passenger Transport: The Sixth International Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, September 1999 - Part 1
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 317-346
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400412832
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400412832
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:3:p:317-346
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Muhammad A. Sadi
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sadi
Author-Name: Joan C. Henderson
Author-X-Name-First: Joan C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Henderson
Title: The Asian economic crisis and the aviation industry: Impacts and response strategies
Abstract:
Most airlines across Asia are struggling to cope with an
unprecedented economic crisis which they have very little control over,
and the survival of some remains in doubt. The continuing uncertainty
generated by the crisis has accelerated the process of change in the
aviation industry and has highlighted the need for adaptability, and its
effects have been deeper and longer lasting than previously anticipated.
After a year-long slump in the Asian travel market, airlines are now
considering a range of options and rehabilitation programmes including a
series of cost-cutting measures. There appears to be a trend towards the
extension and consolidation of strategic alliances, structural and
operational reorganization, and the application of new technologies. The
success of these measures will become apparent over time, but action is
necessary to minimize the adverse consequences of the crisis which has
dominated the region since 1997.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 347-367
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400412841
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400412841
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:3:p:347-367
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: AManda Root
Author-X-Name-First: AManda
Author-X-Name-Last: Root
Author-Name: Laurie Schintler
Author-X-Name-First: Laurie
Author-X-Name-Last: Schintler
Author-Name: KEnneth Button
Author-X-Name-First: KEnneth
Author-X-Name-Last: Button
Title: Women, travel and the idea of 'sustainable transport'
Abstract:
Women form an increasingly large proportion of both the
populations of the US and of European countries. This, together with the
changing role of women in modern society, has important potential
implications for transport policy. Looked at from the micro level, women
have different travel patterns from men, reflecting factors such as lower
labour force participation, lower income levels, their traditional role in
the family, the decision-making structure within households, the current
age distribution and physical vulnerability. The situation is changing and
this will have implications on transport demands. The female population is
also, on average, getting older. Traditional travel modelling spends much
time on modal attributes, such as speed and cost, but for many women this
may not be the central issue. Security is often important. Standard
traffic models only implicitly allow for gender (e.g. travel time is
valued different from work and non-work trips). With the increased
complexity of life styles and the growth in multi-purpose trips by women,
the conventional approach to travel time valuation may need to be
rethought. This paper looks at some of the emerging issues regarding women
and travel and puts them in the context of the emerging ideas concerning
sustainable transport.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 369-383
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400412850
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400412850
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:3:p:369-383
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco J. Martínez
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez
Title: Book review
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 384-384
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400412869
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400412869
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:3:p:384-384
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Bonnel
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonnel
Author-Name: Alain Chausse
Author-X-Name-First: Alain
Author-X-Name-Last: Chausse
Title: Urban travel: Competition and pricing
Abstract:
The transport problems that urban centres now face (as regard
congestion, the environment and public deficits) have led to an
examination of competition in the sector. Some countries have moved
towards the deregulation or privatization of urban public transport,
influenced by developments in the theory of contestable markets. These
analyses could potentially provide a means of increasing the efficiency of
public services and, hence, public transport. However, the authors do not
feel that they can deal with the full extent of the problem. Particularly
in urban areas, there is a need nowadays to examine the issue of
competition between the passenger car and public transport, especially
from the pricing angle. In France, decades of policy strongly influenced
by a preference for the car have prevented this problem from being a
central concern for researchers and decision-makers. The approach to the
problem has mainly been centred on increasing urban supply to meet demand
better. However, a failure to consider pricing, and the subsidization
phenomena that can occur as a result, affects the shape of supply systems.
Pricing, through its action on demand, acts on supply by increasing or
reducing its potential profitability. 'Snowball' effects can, therefore,
mean that slight underpricing results in the domination of one transport
mode. These effects have been revealed in particular by work in the new
field of network economics. The example of the Lyon conurbation shall be
used to illustrate the case, which is that car travel is underpriced. The
basis of the exposé will be a detailed analysis of the externalities
associated with the car, i.e. the costs of car use and the revenue it
raises for the community. The second part of the paper is a study of
several urban travel policies in Europe (France, UK, Switzerland, Italy)
to show the 'effects' of this underpricing. Where supply has followed the
pressure of demand, the dominance of the car has been reinforced. However,
in cities, particularly in Switzerland, where supply has been restricted,
this dominance has been considerably moderated. On the other hand, it can
be seen from the French example that taking strong action to improve
public transport is not in itself sufficient to increase usage. Several
lessons can be learnt from this work. First, it is shown, if it was still
necessary to do so, that the problems of urban travel require a
comprehensive and coherent approach. Modal policy must, therefore, be
assessed with reference to the entire transport system. Next, in
connection with the issue of regulation, it is important to consider the
issue of competition in urban areas, and not only competition between
public transport operators, but also (and even above all) competition
within the entire system of personal and public transport. Finally, with
regard to pricing, the ratchet effects that benefit the car as a result of
its underpricing in urban areas need to be studied.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 385-401
Issue: 4
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640050150658
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640050150658
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:4:p:385-401
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David. P. Ashmore
Author-X-Name-First: David. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ashmore
Author-Name: Nigel G. Harris
Author-X-Name-First: Nigel G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris
Title: Using risk analysis to determine the potential range of lifecycle costs for urban transit systems
Abstract:
Intense competition for limited public funding for urban
transport projects can often result in proponents of individual schemes
presenting minimized costs and maximized benefits to funding bodies to try
to ensure that their scheme is chosen above others for funding. This
presents public bodies with a problem, especially in an era when they are
keen to attract private contributions for transit schemes. Risk modelling
techniques can be of great assistance in ascertaining ranges of costs and
benefits for individual submissions and deciding upon which projects
should receive priority-not only those with greatest cost-benefit indices,
but also those whose indices have low levels of associated risk to allay
the fears of the traditionally risk averse private sector.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 403-420
Issue: 4
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640050150667
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640050150667
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:4:p:403-420
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. A. W. J. Marchau
Author-X-Name-First: V. A. W. J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Marchau
Author-Name: R. E. C. M. Van Der Heijden
Author-X-Name-First: R. E. C. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Heijden
Title: Introducing advanced electronic driver support systems: An exploration of market and technological uncertainties
Abstract:
R&D in the field of driver support systems is increasingly paid
attention to. These systems can contribute significantly to public traffic
goals. However, there is much uncertainty about future technology
developments, market introduction, and impacts on driver and traffic
behaviour. An international Delphi study collecting expert opinions on
these issues is partly described here. The Delphi study was organized in
three rounds. Opinions of 50 experts from the USA, Japan and Europe were
collected. The paper is limited to market introduction, and technological
and driver-behavioural barriers. The main conclusion is that future
developments are less obvious than often assumed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 421-433
Issue: 4
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640050150676
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640050150676
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:4:p:421-433
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Author-Name: Jeremy D. Shires
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shires
Author-Name: Chris Nash
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Nash
Title: Competition and Ownership in Land Passenger Transport: The Sixth International Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, September 1999 - Part 2
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 469-492
Issue: 4
Volume: 20
Year: 2000
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640050150702
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640050150702
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:20:y:2000:i:4:p:469-492
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Allan G. Woodburn
Author-X-Name-First: Allan G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodburn
Title: The changing nature of rail freight in Great Britain: The start of a renaissance?
Abstract:
This paper reports on ongoing research into the potential for
rail freight service developments to achieve a significant modal shift
away from road towards more sustainable modes of transport for freight
movements. It is based on the analysis of comprehensive databases of rail
freight flows in Great Britain in 1991 and 1997, a period in which there
has been dramatic upheaval of rail freight services. This reveals that
traffic volumes in early 1997 were still below those in early 1991, but
that many new flows were beginning to manifest themselves as a result of
traffic gains by the newly privatized operators who have been actively
seeking new custom. Some of these flows are ones that were lost from rail
during the period of decline, but it is clear that a significant volume of
traffic gained is entirely new to rail. Finally, the need for more
research on the interactions between these supply-side developments and
logistical restructuring is highlighted.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-13
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400750059257
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400750059257
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick McCarthy
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy
Title: Effect of speed limits on speed distributions and highway safety: A survey of recent literature
Abstract:
This paper examines recent work on the effect of motor vehicle
speed limits on highway speeds and highway safety. The review is empirical
and concentrates on identifying the quantitative effects that changes in
regulatory speed limit policies on interstate and non-interstate roads
have on the distribution of speeds and traffic safety. Among the findings,
small speed limit changes on non-limited-access roads will have little
effect on speed distribution and highway safety unless complemented with
speed-reducing actions. Also, the 10 mph increase in rural interstate
speed limits increased nationwide mean speed and speed variance by > 4 and
1 mph respectively. Further, notwithstanding higher rural interstate speed
limits leading to speed adaptation on non-affected roads, the evidence is
consistent with a zero system-wide effect. Implications for further
research relate to the importance of controlling for confounding factors,
aggregation, the use of alternative methodologies, and the importance of
enforcement in affecting speed distributions and highway safety.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 31-50
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400750059275
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400750059275
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:1:p:31-50
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Faisal Awadallah
Author-X-Name-First: Faisal
Author-X-Name-Last: Awadallah
Title: The transport planning process for minimum available related data: A case study - Palestinian self-rule areas
Abstract:
This paper evaluates not only the traditional transport planning
process approach, especially its usefulness for urban areas in
underdeveloped regions, but also transport planning experiences in
underdeveloped countries. Guidelines for a flexible and a systematic
transport planning process are developed for areas with minimum relevant
data, the Palestinian self-rule areas being used as a case study to
demonstrate evidence for the proposed model.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 75-87
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400750059293
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400750059293
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:1:p:75-87
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Piet H. L. Bovy
Author-X-Name-First: Piet H. L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bovy
Title: Traffic flooding the low countries: How the Dutch cope with motorway congestion
Abstract:
Motorway congestion is a common characteristic of the larger
conurbations all over the world. Using the example of the Randstad region
in The Netherlands, the causes and conditions for the growing congestion
on main roads are presented and explained. From an international
comparison it appears that the Randstad region is characterized by a
relatively high density and high-access quality of its motorway network,
giving rise to an extremely high level of usage. The Dutch policy of
coping with the consequent congestion problems at the network design level
is outlined, followed by a presentation of the dynamic traffic management
approaches to these problems. Special attention is given to the so-called
target group policy that aims at prioritizing specific user groups such as
freight traffic and trucks. Finally, attention is given to the Dutch
attempts to introduce congestion pricing as a means of tackling
congestion.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 89-116
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400750059301
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400750059301
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:1:p:89-116
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christians Jauernig
Author-X-Name-First: Christians
Author-X-Name-Last: Jauernig
Author-Name: Michael Roe
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Roe
Title: International logistics in Lithuania at a time of transition
Abstract:
This paper examines the current situation in the largest of the
Baltic States - Lithuania - with respect to the development of
international transport and logistics in the context of the severe
political, economic and social changes that have taken place since 1991.
Utilizing statistics previously unavailable for the region, the paper
examines the impact of transition and the competitive role of East
European carriers upon a specific international movement of electronic
goods between Frankfurt/Main in Germany and Vilnius in Lithuania,
developing a detailed cost model for the alternative modal choices that
are available - road and ship/road. Rail transport is excluded as no
international rail services between the two countries are available and
there are no plans for such services in the near future. From this, a
series of issues for the future in the context of potential EU membership,
transport infrastructure developments and logistical trends is analysed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 117-135
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400750059310
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400750059310
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:1:p:117-135
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gordon Mills
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon
Author-X-Name-Last: Mills
Title: New tramways in France: The case of Montpellier
Abstract:
For the light-rail line that opened in Montpellier in late 2000,
this study describes the urban setting, the previous bus services, the
reasons for choosing light rail, the procedures for evaluation and
approval, the chosen route, and the arrangements for funding, construction
and operation. The Montpellier case shows how a bus-way can be a step on
the path to light-rail. Among other conclusions, the study highlights the
scope for light-rail to yield reduced journey times for public transport
users, and to effect environmental improvement; the case for building a
tramway is strengthened if complementary urban developments are in hand.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 337-352
Issue: 3
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640117122
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640117122
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:3:p:337-352
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Wardman
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Wardman
Author-Name: Gerard Whelan
Author-X-Name-First: Gerard
Author-X-Name-Last: Whelan
Title: Valuation of improved railway rolling stock: A review of the literature and new evidence
Abstract:
The paper provides a comprehensive review of a large amount of
previously unpublished British evidence about the valuation of new railway
rolling stock and its effects on demand. An important conclusion is that
incentives to bias Stated Preference responses and unfamiliarity with the
rolling stock being considered have led to inflated values. This has
broader implications for the use of Stated Preference techniques. Also
provided is fresh empirical evidence for a range of different types of
rolling stock and specific rolling stock attributes. A novel aspect of the
research was the use of disaggregate Revealed Preference choice data. The
estimated rolling stock values are much lower than those obtained from
previous studies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 415-447
Issue: 4
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640010020115
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640010020115
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:4:p:415-447
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cheng-Min Feng
Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Min
Author-X-Name-Last: Feng
Author-Name: Rong-Tsu Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Rong-Tsu
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Considering the financial ratios on the performance evaluation of highway bus industry
Abstract:
This paper tries to construct a performance evaluation procedure
for highway buses with the financial ratio taken into consideration.
First, a conceptual framework is redeveloped, based on the one created by
Fielding et al ., to help form evaluation items and performance indicators
involving both transport and finance aspects. Second, the total
performance is divided into three major kinds of
efficiencyproduction, marketing, executionaccording to the
cycle of operation activities. Third, to overcome the problems of small
sample size and unknown distribution of samples, the grey relation
analysis is used to select the representative indicators, and the TOPSIS
method is used for the outranking of highway bus. In addition, a case
study is conducted using four highway bus companies as example. The
empirical result shows that the performance evaluation for highway buses
could become more comprehensive if financial ratios are considered.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 449-467
Issue: 4
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640010020304
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640010020304
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:4:p:449-467
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Milan Janic
Author-X-Name-First: Milan
Author-X-Name-Last: Janic
Title: Integrated transport systems in the European Union: An overview of some recent developments
Abstract:
This paper presents an overview of some recent developments in
and policy issues relating to integrated transport systems in the European
Union (EU). Both goods and passenger transport systems are considered in
the context of actions recently undertaken and supported by the EU. The
paper considers the very general background of these systems at the EU
scale and offers insights into some recent successful and promising
policy, real-life, and research attainments. In addition, it attempts to
identify some directions for future actions in fields such as transport
policy, transport technology, transport economics and transport scenarios.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 469-497
Issue: 4
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110042147
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110042147
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:4:p:469-497
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bruno De Borger
Author-X-Name-First: Bruno
Author-X-Name-Last: De Borger
Author-Name: Kristiaan Kerstens
Author-X-Name-First: Kristiaan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kerstens
Author-Name: Álvaro Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Álvaro
Author-X-Name-Last: Costa
Title: Public transit performance: What does one learn from frontier studies?
Abstract:
This paper provides a comprehensive survey of the literature on
production and cost frontiers for public transit operators, and it
evaluates the contributions of frontier analysis to the understanding of
the performance of the public transport sector. The authors first
succinctly contrast best practice (or frontier) and average practice
specifications of technology. They also review relevant performance
indicators and the methods to measure them. Next, the existing frontier
studies measuring urban transit performance are systematically summarized
and critically assessed. It is shown that the organization of the market,
contract design, the degree and nature of the regulatory regime, and the
characteristics of the network being served are all important determinants
of inefficiency. However, although the frontier literature has
substantially contributed to the knowledge of urban transit technologies
and the determinants of performance, it is found that many important
issues remain unresolved.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-38
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640010020313
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640010020313
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:1:p:1-38
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert B. Noland
Author-X-Name-First: Robert B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Noland
Author-Name: John W. Polak
Author-X-Name-First: John W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Polak
Title: Travel time variability: A review of theoretical and empirical issues
Abstract:
Over the past several years a number of research projects have
attempted to empirically measure behavioural responses to changes in
travel time variability. These have generally been built on theoretical
models of scheduling choice that account for changes in departure time in
response to the expected costs associated with variability. This paper
reviews both the theory and empirical results of several projects that
estimated coefficients on various measures of variability using stated
preference techniques. Gaps in the understanding of these issues are
identified and discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 39-54
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640010022456
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640010022456
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:1:p:39-54
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin Cullinane
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cullinane
Author-Name: Dong-Wook Song
Author-X-Name-First: Dong-Wook
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Title: Port privatization policy and practice
Abstract:
In recent years a significant number of countries have
implemented policies aimed at reforming their port industry. In the belief
that it will improve efficiency and reduce the heavy financial burden
placed upon governments that attempt to support such a capital-intensive
industry, privatization has often formed an important strand of such
policies. A key claim in favour of privatization is that the transfer of
ownership from public to private hands will ultimately lead to an
improvement in economic efficiency and, hence, financial and operational
performance. This paper investigates the theoretical underpinnings and
practical validity of this claim and concludes that privatization is only
a partial cure for what ails the world's ports and that, if implemented in
isolation, it simply cannot deliver the much-needed panacea for the
industry's woes.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 55-75
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110042138
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110042138
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:1:p:55-75
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Clark
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark
Author-Name: Wilfred Crous
Author-X-Name-First: Wilfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Crous
Title: Public transport in metropolitan Cape Town: Past, present and future
Abstract:
This paper reviews the provision of public transport in the Cape
Town Metropolitan Area and the proposals for its future development. A
vitally distinguishing characteristic of public transport in Cape Town and
other South African cities is the fractured market with great
discrepancies between different segments. These range from those with high
incomes and preferences similar to those found in typically First World
countries to a great majority living at or below minimum poverty levels
with virtually no choices and a very different set of needs and
preferences. Although scope for improving service levels and satisfying
user needs is unlimited, in South Africa resources for transport are
facing severe competition from other macrolevel social and economic
imperatives, such as combating crime and addressing discrepancies in
health and education needs. This situation represents a huge challenge to
those responsible for planning and developing public transport strategies.
Evidence is presented that current public transport services are
unsustainable in terms of increasing subsidy requirements while also not
effectively meeting user needs. Proposals to restructure the public
transport system and to use Stated Preference techniques to identify user
needs are put forward. Given the fractured market for public transport in
metropolitan Cape Town, Stated Preference techniques will require
innovative adaptations and different approaches to those most commonly
applied elsewhere in the world and this paper provides some broad
guidelines.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 77-101
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110052092
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110052092
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:1:p:77-101
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Hadi Baaj
Author-X-Name-First: M. Hadi
Author-X-Name-Last: Baaj
Title: Restructuring the Lebanese Railway and Public Transport Authority (RPTA): From losing operator to effective regulator
Abstract:
The Lebanese Council of Ministers has recently endorsed a plan
for the reform and organization of the Land Public Transport Sector
(LPTS). The plan implies a new role for the government: it would cease
being just a loss-making service provider and become the planner and
regulator of the sector under a new strategy. The strategy would aim at
creating the enabling environment and conditions that allow and ensure the
existence of sufficient, affordable and efficient transport services
provided by several private-sector operators functioning under competitive
conditions. Thus, the existing autonomous Railway and Public Transport
Authority (RPTA) will be restructured to serve as the effective regulator,
its bus operations will be corporatized (for possible eventual
privatization), and all existing private sector service providers will be
regulated. Following a brief overview of the problems of the sector and
the components of the reform and organization plan, this paper focuses on
developing options for the restructuring of the RPTA to carry out its new
role.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 103-113
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110068626
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110068626
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:1:p:103-113
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Robert E. Caves
Author-X-Name-First: Robert E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Caves
Title: Research review of air traffic management
Abstract:
As air transport demand keeps growing more quickly than system
capacity, efficient and effective management of system capacity becomes
essential to the operation of the future global air traffic system.
Although research in the past two decades has made significant progress in
relevant research fields, e.g. air traffic flow management and airport
capacity modelling, research loopholes in air traffic management still
exist and links between different research areas are required to enhance
the system performance of air traffic management. Hence, the objective of
this paper is to review systematically current research in the literature
about the issue of air traffic management to prioritize productive
research areas. Papers about air traffic management are discussed and
categorized into two levels: system and airport. The system level of air
transport research includes two main topics: air traffic flow management
and airspace research. On the airport level, research topics are: airport
capacity, airport facility utilization, aircraft operations in the airport
terminal manoeuvring area as well as aircraft ground operations research.
Potential research interests to focus on in the future are the integration
between airspace capacity and airport capacity, the establishment of
airport information systems to use airport capacity better, and the
improvement in flight schedule planning to improve the reliability of
schedule implementation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 115-132
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110074773
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110074773
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:1:p:115-132
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Editorial Introduction
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 133-133
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640210126161
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640210126161
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:2:p:133-133
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Metz
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Metz
Title: Limitations of transport policy
Abstract:
There is an implication in the notion of 'transport policy' that
substantial improvements could be made to the transport system given
sufficient ingenuity, investment and good will. This paper argues that
such policy aspirations cannot cope with the desire for ever-increasing
mobility, a deep and powerful force in modern society. In densely
populated countries there is no possibility of meeting the demand for
unconstrained movement through construction of additional transport
infrastructure, since new and longer journeys would quickly fill the extra
capacity until the congestion equilibrium is re-established. What limits
mobility in practice is the time individuals have available for travel,
time which is equitably distributed. Transport plans need to acknowledge
this time constraint as fundamental, and accordingly be realistically
modest about what is achievable. It is an illusion that the transport
system could be substantially more efficient whilst remaining equitable.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 134-145
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640210121788
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640210121788
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:2:p:134-145
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Cowie
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Cowie
Title: Acquisition, efficiency and scale economies: An analysis of the British bus industry
Abstract:
The British Bus industry has undergone considerable
transformation since privatization. Five major operators have emerged to
dominate the market, a position almost exclusively attained through
acquisition. This paper reviews the economies of scale argument commonly
cited for this change and gives an overview of the acquisition process. It
questions whether this argument gives a complete explanation for this
industry development. For 58 individual companies, the level of technical
efficiency attributable to firms operating at or near the optimum level of
output is examined over 5 years to determine if mergers in practice have
resulted in scale economies. Technical efficiency is estimated using data
envelopment analysis, under assumptions of constant and variable returns
to scale. Efficiency scores are then regressed on a time trend and a
merger dummy to test whether acquired firms' efficiency has significantly
improved above the average. It was found that over the period, efficiency
had improved. This improvement, however, cannot be wholly attributed to
the achievement of economies of scale. More specifically, there has been
an improvement in the internal efficiency of acquired firms and some scale
economies within group companies, the latter of which may have resulted
from the eradication of competition.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 147-157
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416400110076267
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416400110076267
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:2:p:147-157
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruhe Xie
Author-X-Name-First: Ruhe
Author-X-Name-Last: Xie
Author-Name: Haibo Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Haibo
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Chris Nash
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Nash
Title: Migration of railway freight transport from command economy to market economy: The case of China
Abstract:
In recent years, Chinese railway freight transport has been
facing great challenges from transport market reformation and economic
expansion. Although the total volume of railway freight has been
increasing, its market share has decreased greatly, especially at the
beginning of migration from command economy to market economy. This paper
considers four aspects believed to be responsible for the loss of the
railway freight market share. First, we review the history and current
situation of the Chinese railway freight transport and study the
relationship between economic development and freight transport in China.
Second, the causes resulting in the loss of the market share of railway
freight are analysed in detail. Third, the current measures taken by
Chinese Railways (CR) to restore its competitiveness are discussed. The
effects of these measures on railway traffic volume, market share and
productivity are also studied. Finally, the way forward for the future of
CR is discussed. It is concluded that CR has not yet adapted sufficiently
to new economic conditions, although in recent years progress has been
made. Further reform will be needed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 159-177
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110090973
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110090973
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:2:p:159-177
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Golias
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Golias
Author-Name: George Yannis
Author-X-Name-First: George
Author-X-Name-Last: Yannis
Author-Name: Constantinos Antoniou
Author-X-Name-First: Constantinos
Author-X-Name-Last: Antoniou
Title: Classification of driver-assistance systems according to their impact on road safety and traffic efficiency
Abstract:
The aim was to examine driver-assistance systems that seem to
have a considerable potential for road safety and traffic efficiency
improvement, and to propose an impact-oriented classification of these
systems. A broad overview of a series of driver-assistance systems under
development or in some cases already available is presented and it
identifies the basic characteristics of each system and its expected
impact on traffic efficiency and road safety. The latter is assessed on
the basis of appropriate evaluation criteria. Expert judgement and
literature evidence available are used in this context. This impact
approach, in contrast with the usually adopted user or system-oriented
approaches, allows for more appropriate identification of the priorities
in the field of future research, development and promotion of
driver-assistance systems. The proposed classification allocates the
driver-assistance systems in four different categories on the basis of
whether traffic efficiency and safety impact are high or low. This
categorization reveals that 40% of the systems considered are expected to
have a high safety and low traffic-efficiency impact, while only 15% is
expected to have both impacts high.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 179-196
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110091215
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110091215
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:2:p:179-196
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Antonio Carrasco
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Carrasco
Author-Name: Juan de Dios Ortúzar
Author-X-Name-First: Juan
Author-X-Name-Last: de Dios Ortúzar
Title: Review and assessment of the nested logit model
Abstract:
The popular hierarchical or nested logit model that has been the
recent source of heated discussions in the literature is reviewed and
critically examined. The fundamental underpinnings of the model are first
presented in a concise and easy-to-understand fashion and then used to
assess each controversy in turn. Monte Carlo simulation is also used to
examine some problems that are not possible to address by just resorting
to the theory. The main conclusion is that all the model hypotheses are
both essential and unambiguous and should not be ignored for a correct use
of the model in practice.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 197-218
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110091224
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110091224
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:2:p:197-218
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Becky P. Y. Loo
Author-X-Name-First: Becky P. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Loo
Author-Name: Brian Hook
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Hook
Title: Interplay of international, national and local factors in shaping container port development: A case study of Hong Kong
Abstract:
The paper attempts to develop a better understanding of the
evolution and future prospects of a container port by drawing on the
changing international, national and local factors since the 1990s. Hong
Kong, the world's busiest container port, is chosen as a case study.
Against the background of four international megatrends of increasingly
large containerships (and the restructuring of the liner shipping
industry), the high spatial agglomeration of container traffic, the
emergence of inland load centres and the growing importance of railways,
the levels and the spatial dimensions of containerization in the People's
Republic of China are systematically examined. Then, the relevancy of
these factors in shaping the evolution and competitive position of Hong
Kong's container port is highlighted at the local level. This paper finds
that the changing policies of the Hong Kong government have not been
consistent with the international and national trends associated with the
development of a better integrated port - inland distribution system (and
land bridges) based on road and railways. Market forces cannot explain the
container port development satisfactorily. Political and other
considerations have become equally, if not more, important. In the future,
the competitive edge of Hong Kong's container port lies with serving the
wider inland areas of Mainland China and the tapping of medium- and
long-distance container freight, more economically transported by railways
than by road or inland river.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 219-245
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110091486
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110091486
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:2:p:219-245
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Peter Van Der Veer
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Veer
Title: Entry deterrence and quality provision in the local bus market
Abstract:
In a deregulated bus market, incumbent operators often seek to
deter entry by setting frequency levels to avoid leaving profitable gaps.
The consequences of this action have been analysed using a simulation
model of a hypothetical incumbent bus operator vulnerable to entry. The
model features two dimensions of quality: a 'horizontal' frequency
dimension and a 'vertical' quality dimension. It is examined whether, from
a social point of view, such entry deterrence strategies lead to
oversupply in the horizontal frequency dimension; what the consequences of
this are for the supply of vertical aspects of quality; and what the
impact of regulation and quality/output related subsidies would be. The
results suggest that an incumbent operator will indeed oversupply in the
frequency dimension to deter entry. It undersupplies in the quality
dimension, though, but supplies more quality than would have been done in
the absence of an entry threat. Quality regulation and quality subsidies
can lead to modest welfare gains, but nowhere near those that can be
achieved using price regulation or output subsidies. If paying subsidies
results in further oversupply of bus miles, the welfare effects of the
subsidies may be limited or even negative.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 247-265
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110115092
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110115092
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:3:p:247-265
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rodrigo Fernandez
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez
Author-Name: Rosemarie Planzer
Author-X-Name-First: Rosemarie
Author-X-Name-Last: Planzer
Title: On the capacity of bus transit systems
Abstract:
This paper examines the transit capacity problem of bus-based
systems. First, it defines the problem of transit operations along a
route. This raises the importance of stops on transit capacity and why the
analysis and design of stops should be considered in bus traffic schemes.
Next, the paper explains the concept of transfer capacity and reviews the
work to date on modelling the capacity of stops. Current as well as novel
approaches are considered and their advantages and limitations are
discussed. Special attention is devoted to a new simulation model of
transfer operations at stops. From that approach, the paper concludes with
some examples of capacities of various transit systems and design
recommendations for bus transit stations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 267-293
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110106328
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110106328
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:3:p:267-293
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Parviz A. Koushki
Author-X-Name-First: Parviz A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Koushki
Author-Name: Mohammed A. Ali
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammed A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ali
Author-Name: Bapatla P. Chandrasekhar
Author-X-Name-First: Bapatla P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chandrasekhar
Author-Name: Mohammad Al-Sarawi
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Sarawi
Title: Exposure to noise inside transit buses in Kuwait: Measurements and passenger attitudes
Abstract:
Noise levels were measured, for the first time, inside 115
randomly selected transit buses, operating on 12 sample representative
routes in Metropolitan Kuwait. Simultaneously with the monitoring of noise
levels, the attitudes of 679 riders concerning the annoyance and long-term
health impacts of noise were also surveyed. The noise and passenger
attitude data were collected over 10 months (March - December 2000). The
percentile distribution, equivalent noise level, traffic noise index and
noise pollution levels inside four types of transit buses are presented.
Riders' perceived annoyance and awareness of the long-term health impacts
of noise were also determined and are discussed. The level of service and
performance deficiencies of the public transit system in Kuwait, as
perceived by its passengers, are also identified. A number of
recommendations end the paper.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 295-308
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110103914
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110103914
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:3:p:295-308
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Zacharias
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Zacharias
Title: Bicycle in Shanghai: Movement patterns, cyclist attitudes and the impact of traffic separation
Abstract:
Transportation demand continues to grow at an even faster rate
than the economies of Chinese cities, placing increasing pressure on a
limited road network. In certain cities of the more highly developed
coastal plains, the bicycle assumed a dominant role in urban transport in
the 1980s, a position maintained in the 1990s. In Shanghai, the bicycle
continues to play a dominant role, although policies favour a switch to
public transport. In the present paper, cyclist attitudes toward public
transport policies were probed with a pilot questionnaire at two important
central destinations. An important example of current policies with regard
to bicycles involves the creation of separate networks for motorized and
non-motorized modes. A pilot scheme for eventual application over a very
large area was recently introduced in the central area. We report on the
traffic volumes by mode and street before and after its implementation in
1999. Both bicycle and car volumes diminished in the central area,
although the decrease was greater for bicycles. On the other hand,
interviewed cyclists expressed resistance to various incentives to use
public transport. The question raised here is whether the planned increase
in public transport share of total intracity travel can be achieved
without disincentives to use the bicycle.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 309-322
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110103905
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110103905
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:3:p:309-322
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mirko C. A. Schnell
Author-X-Name-First: Mirko C. A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Schnell
Title: Competition for the German regional rail passenger market 5 years after regionalization
Abstract:
The paper investigates the competition for regional passenger
rail services in Germany from 1996 to 2000 by using data mainly provided
by regional authorities. It analyses data on the level of network
characteristics, contract life, the Länder (i.e. regions),
competitive placing procedures, and their winners as well as achieved cost
and services improvements. It finds that with competition being rare, the
amount of competitively placed services declined until recently. Only
about half of the regional authorities gained experience with competitive
placings, which points at the expertise deficit of these bodies. A diverse
picture on competitive placings' characteristics such as network size and
contract life appears. State-owned carrier DB AG remains the dominant
player as it could win the majority of the competitively procured
services. Private companies have played a minor role in the game up to
now. Accomplished reduction of subsidies and improved service quality
respectively provide an indication of the potential for enhancing
efficiency in this market.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 323-334
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110096607
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110096607
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:3:p:323-334
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Author-Name: Olav Hauge
Author-X-Name-First: Olav
Author-X-Name-Last: Hauge
Title: Competition and ownership in land passenger transport: The 7th International Conference
Abstract:
This is the fourth time that Transport Reviews has published a
summary of the workshop sessions from the Thredbo Conference. The
intention is to disseminate more widely the main findings and conclusions
from these sessions at this important international conference. Interested
readers are also encouraged to view the full papers presented at the
Institute of Transport Studies, University of Sydney website.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 335-370
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110103662
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110103662
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:3:p:335-370
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger L. MacKett
Author-X-Name-First: Roger L.
Author-X-Name-Last: MacKett
Title: Comments on 'The limitations of transport policy'
Abstract:
This paper has been written as a response to the paper of Metz
(2002) on 'The limitations of transport policy'. It is argued that the
issues involved are more complex than Metz implies, and that many current
travel patterns stem from decisions made previously about lifestyles, as a
result of changing patterns of work, the availability of home-computing
facilities, and increasing aspirations and income. Neither the models nor
the data sources available to transport planners reflect these trends, and
transport policy tends to be simplistic. Many of the transport policy
issues stem from increasing car dependency, with its implications,
particularly for the elderly and for the young. It is argued that
transport policy has not been very effective in the past, and it is likely
to be even less so in the future. Hence, there is a need to redefine the
role of the transport planner and recognize the limitations of transport
policy.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 371-380
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640210148914
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640210148914
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:3:p:371-380
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Author-Name: Ann M. Brewer
Author-X-Name-First: Ann M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brewer
Title: Going for gold at the Sydney Olympics: How did transport perform?
Abstract:
The Sydney Olympics held in September 2000 provided an
opportunity to monitor the planning of transport provision for the world's
greatest sporting spectacular. As the single largest major event, the
pressures on a city's transport system are enormous, as witnessed by the
previous Games in Atlanta and Barcelona. This paper takes a value-chain
approach to assess transport performance as a crucial element in the
delivery of the Sydney Olympic Games. We begin with a brief overview of
strategic value, highlighting some generic aspects of value chains
followed by the transport delivery system that came to the fore as
significant 'drivers' in the value chain. This is followed by a summary of
the effectiveness of the buses, trains, taxis, roads and the airport. A
more detailed look is provided of the private bus sector where the
problems leading up the opening of the Games received a great deal of
media attention. The paper concludes with two stories, one good, one not
so good, about transport and the Olympic Games.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 381-399
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640110121112
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640110121112
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:4:p:381-399
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Photis M. Panayides
Author-X-Name-First: Photis M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Panayides
Title: Economic organization of intermodal transport
Abstract:
The paper considers in detail strategic changes occurring in the
organizational context of intermodal transportation and discusses the
application of economic approaches (primarily transaction-cost economics)
for assessing the effectiveness of the appropriate governance structure in
organizing the intermodal transport economic system. The paper reviews the
developments in intermodal transportation, particularly in the context of
logistics and supply chain management, and recognizes the trend for the
formation of one-stop shopping megacarriers spurred by deregulation and
market requirements. This culminates in the need to consider how companies
should organize the economic governance of the intermodal transport
system. The main governance structures include market (subcontracting) or
hierarchy (internal organization). The transaction-cost economics approach
is reviewed and applied at a conceptual level to provide the core basis
upon which the assessment of the optimal governance structure in
intermodal transport can be based. The review of the core economic
principles indicates that the governance structure in intermodal transport
is dependent on transaction costs, production costs and strategic
considerations that a particular structure might entail and the policy
implications thereof. The potential for empirical research in the
application of the transaction-cost economics approach to intermodal
transport is discussed and detailed direction for further empirical
research is provided as well as discussion of policy implications
particularly with respect to competition and antitrust.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 401-414
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640210124523
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640210124523
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:4:p:401-414
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ela Babalik-Sutcliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Ela
Author-X-Name-Last: Babalik-Sutcliffe
Title: Urban rail systems: Analysis of the factors behind success
Abstract:
Investment in urban rail systems has increased rapidly over the
past decades. While there have been some successful systems, a significant
number have failed to be as successful as expected in improving public
transport and urban environment. These experiences have led to a
considerable debate in the literature about the effectiveness of new urban
rail systems and whether it is worthwhile investing in them. While these
debates continue, political support for metros, and particularly light
rail systems, is still strong, and investment in them is very likely to
continue. Hence, it is extremely important to understand the factors that
make these systems successful. The paper presents the findings of a
research aimed at identifying these factors based on the analysis of eight
new urban rail systems: four in the USA, three in the UK and one in
Canada. The paper presents the results of the performance analysis of the
case studies as well as a detailed analysis of the factors that affected
the performance of each system. Based on the case study analysis, a
comprehensive list of factors that make urban rail systems successful is
presented. The analysis also facilitates a comparison between the
experiences of the three countries, and focuses on the effects of
different operating environments and different planning approaches on the
performance of urban rail systems. The paper concludes with a comparison
of the findings of this research to those of previous studies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 415-447
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640210124875
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640210124875
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:4:p:415-447
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline A. Rodenburg
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodenburg
Author-Name: Barry Ubbels
Author-X-Name-First: Barry
Author-X-Name-Last: Ubbels
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp
Title: Policy scenarios for achieving sustainable transportation in Europe
Abstract:
The relationship between globalization and transport volumes is
complex because of many causes. Rising incomes, more leisure time, new
technologies and the ageing of the population are just a few examples of
trends that will influence the future development of the transport sector
in terms of both passenger and freight transport. This means that the
future of the transport sector is characterized by uncertainty. The aim of
this paper is to map out the possible impacts of current globalization
trends on the European transport sector in terms of transport flows and
carbon dioxide emissions by means of a novel multilayer assessment model.
By applying a scenario approach and designing four contrasting development
paths seen from a European perspective, the alternative futures of the
sector are assessed in terms of transport volumes and emissions. The
empirical findings appear to result almost everywhere in a (strong) growth
of transport and emissions. Hence, the intriguing research question is now
whether the introduction of specific environmentally benign policies in
Europe could change this development. Consequently, the paper confronts
the foreseen EU objectives with current policies, as creating sustainable
mobility is a key element in EU transport policy. Our findings indicate,
however, that the achievement of sustainable mobility is rather
problematic. Effective policy implementation and (as yet uncertain) new
technology developments may offer new opportunities to achieve a more
balanced development of the transport sector. However, in most cases, only
a combination of strict environmental policies (including transport
policy) and a fundamental change of lifestyles in the mobile society is
likely to lead to a decrease in carbon dioxide emissions in the next 20
years.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 449-472
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640210129384
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640210129384
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:4:p:449-472
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kai-Chieh Chia
Author-X-Name-First: Kai-Chieh
Author-X-Name-Last: Chia
Author-Name: Cheng-Min Feng
Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Min
Author-X-Name-Last: Feng
Title: Survey analysis of supply chain adjustment for Taiwanese information technology firms
Abstract:
Owing to the globalization of industry, the explosion in
customer services and product life-cycle compression, most manufacturers
have been adjusting the processes and activities of their supply chains to
remain competitive and optimize total profit. The aim here was to explore
the issues surrounding the changes in manufacturing supply chains and the
consequential impact on freight transport demand. A questionnaire to
survey Taiwanese information technology (IT) firms was designed and
conducted to chart in detail the changes in supply chains of
manufacturers, the trends in the international division of labour, and the
strategic adjustment of manufacturing and logistics strategies. Surveys
and interviews led to the conclusions that (1) vertical integration and
international division of labour are very conspicuous among Taiwanese IT
firms, (2) there are different strategies of supply chain adjustment at
various stages of the product life-cycle, (3) with the transformation of
the supply chain, manufacturers require faster transport services, i.e.
the demand for air transport may increase and the demand for sea transport
may decrease, and (4) once the firms decide on foreign investment, the
availability of international transport services becomes one of the
considerations for factory offshore relocation. However, transport cost is
not a major consideration for firms' supply chain adjustments.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 473-497
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2002
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640210134513
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640210134513
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:22:y:2002:i:4:p:473-497
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. T. Wong
Author-X-Name-First: W. T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Author-Name: S. C. Wong
Author-X-Name-First: S. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Author-Name: C. O. Tong
Author-X-Name-First: C. O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tong
Title: Sheared delay formulae for the TRANSYT traffic model: A review and calibration
Abstract:
The paper summarizes the general theory of sheared curves and
gives a general expression for these curves. The use of sheared delay
formulae in different versions of TRANSYT, a well-known procedure for area
traffic control, is reviewed. A new set of sheared formulae for the
TRANSYT traffic model to estimate random-and-oversaturation queues and
delays has recently been proposed that opens the way to extend the TRANSYT
program to solve time-dependent problems. However, the choice of the key
parameter in the sheared formulae remains an open question that needs
further investigation. In this paper, the key parameter is calibrated by
means of a well-known microscopic simulation package, NETSIM, which was
validated for a medium-sized signal-controlled network in Hong Kong.
Useful results were obtained.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-20
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309897
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309897
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:1:p:1-20
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sharon Cullinane
Author-X-Name-First: Sharon
Author-X-Name-Last: Cullinane
Title: Attitudes of Hong Kong residents to cars and public transport: Some policy implications
Abstract:
Hong Kong currently has low levels of car ownership and use due
to a combination of good public transport, high population densities and
high private transport costs. However, levels are rising, contributing to
congestion and environmental problems. A major response by the government
is to seek to increase rail's share of public transport journeys from its
current level of 33% to 45% by 2016. After reviewing the transport
situation in Hong Kong, the paper discusses the appropriateness of these
targets as well as questioning whether they are achievable. The results of
a questionnaire survey of 595 residents of Hong Kong, designed to elicit
people's attitudes to cars and public transport, are analysed. It is
concluded that unless the government does more to curb car ownership and
use, rail targets will have little chance of being achieved.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 21-34
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309900
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309900
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:1:p:21-34
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuseppe Scannella
Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe
Author-X-Name-Last: Scannella
Author-Name: Michel Beuthe
Author-X-Name-First: Michel
Author-X-Name-Last: Beuthe
Title: Valuation of road projects with uncertain outcomes
Abstract:
This is a practical implementation of a multicriteria
methodology developed to assess the risk involved in investment or policy
projects. It is based on the specification of a non-linear, but piecewise
linear, additive utility function, where the partial utility functions are
specified as recursive exponential functions of only one curvature
parameter. This allows for a reduction of the quantity of information
necessary to build the utility function in a context of uncertainty. It is
introduced in an aggregation model whereby the partial utility functions
are built separately through a specific questioning process. The
methodology is applied to the selection of road infrastructure projects of
the Walloon Region in Belgium with several experts and civil servants from
the Transport Ministry whose individual utility functions are derived.
Software called MUSTARD is used, which stepwise and interactively helps
the decision-makers to formulate the problem, build the criteria's
distributions and state their preferences. The projects are ranked
according to their rate of return computed on the basis of the projects'
certain equivalent money values.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 35-50
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309896
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309896
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:1:p:35-50
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Bouyekhf
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bouyekhf
Author-Name: A. Abbas-Turki
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Abbas-Turki
Author-Name: O. Grunder
Author-X-Name-First: O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Grunder
Author-Name: A. El Moudni
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: El Moudni
Title: Modelling, performance evaluation and planning of public transport systems using generalized stochastic Petri nets
Abstract:
Owing to the tremendous size of public transportation systems,
the design process of routes and timetables follows a stringent order.
Centred on hub-based networks, this paper deals with two important phases
of this process: the computation of the core line frequencies and
departure times. To provide more reliable connections at a reasonable
cost, we use generalized stochastic Petri nets. As a result, several
improvements of the hub-based network scheduling are detailed. It is shown
that the Petri net modelling is a powerful technique used to study the
public transport systems performance (passenger waiting times) by
comparing our results with deterministic ones. Finally, an application to
a real size public transportation system is given to illustrate the
results.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 51-69
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309898
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309898
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:1:p:51-69
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bent Flyvbjerg
Author-X-Name-First: Bent
Author-X-Name-Last: Flyvbjerg
Author-Name: Mette K. Skamris holm
Author-X-Name-First: Mette K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Skamris holm
Author-Name: Søren L. Buhl
Author-X-Name-First: Søren L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Buhl
Title: How common and how large are cost overruns in transport infrastructure projects?
Abstract:
Despite the hundreds of billions of dollars being spent on
infrastructure development -- from roads, rail and airports to energy
extraction and power networks to the Internet -- surprisingly little
reliable knowledge exists about the performance of these investments in
terms of actual costs, benefits and risks. This paper presents results
from the first statistically significant study of cost performance in
transport infrastructure projects. The sample used is the largest of its
kind, covering 258 projects in 20 nations worth approximately US$90
billion (constant 1995 prices). The paper shows with overwhelming
statistical significance that in terms of costs transport infrastructure
projects do not perform as promised. The conclusion is tested for
different project types, different geographical regions and different
historical periods. Substantial cost escalation is the rule rather than
the exception. For rail, average cost escalation is 45% (SD=38), for fixed
links (tunnels and bridges) it is 34% (62) and for roads 20% (30). Cost
escalation appears a global phenomenon, existing across 20 nations on five
continents. Cost estimates have not improved and cost escalation not
decreased over the past 70 years. Cost estimates used in decision-making
for transport infrastructure development are highly, systematically and
significantly misleading. Large cost escalations combined with large
standard deviations translate into large financial risks. However, such
risks are typically ignored or underplayed in decision-making, to the
detriment of social and economic welfare.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 71-88
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309904
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309904
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:1:p:71-88
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Stathopoulos
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Stathopoulos
Author-Name: T. Tsekeris
Author-X-Name-First: T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsekeris
Title: Framework for analysing reliability and information degradation of demand matrices in extended transport networks
Abstract:
This paper examines a methodological framework for improving the
estimation of current and future O-D demand matrices. The problem of O-D
matrix estimation is investigated for the case of extended urban transport
networks, where the topological complexity and high variability of the
prevailing traffic conditions result in the rapid degradation of the
information concerning the underlying O-D demand patterns. The paper aims
to contribute to the development of a set of analytical tools for
interpreting the loss of the resulting O-D matrix reliability and the
extent and sources of the information degradation. The suggested framework
treats in an appropriate way the short-term systematic variations of prior
demand information and, hence, increase the consistency and predictability
of the within-day time-dependent O-D matrices. In addition, it takes into
account the long-term dynamics underlying the degradation of O-D
information by means of equilibrium analysis of the evolving O-D flows
over a series of day-of-the-week. In this way, changes in the reliability
thresholds of current O-D matrices may be estimated to enhance the
predictability of daily demand flows.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 89-103
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309901
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309901
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:1:p:89-103
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Kia
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kia
Author-Name: E. Shayan
Author-X-Name-First: E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shayan
Author-Name: F. Ghotb
Author-X-Name-First: F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghotb
Title: Positive impact of distribution centres on the environment
Abstract:
The transport sector in general, and trucks in particular,
generates a significant amount of emissions in Australia. It appears the
trend will escalate unless different measures are taken to reduce the
reliance of freight transport on trucks. This paper discusses the benefits
of distribution centres as a means to reduce road congestion, increase
safety, protect the environment by reducing atmospheric pollution and
improve freight distribution. It also provides the effective use of the
existing rail network and its infrastructure and improves the lead-time as
well as lowering the cost of transportation of cargo. It also investigates
the positive impact of distribution centres located near to manufacturing
and farming production units. A simulation model has been developed and
used to help determine the amount of atmospheric pollution produced by two
modes of land transport, rail and road, for the movement of containers
between port and destination. Results derived from the model provide
evidence about a preferred land-transport regime. The paper has two
sections: (1) the role of distribution centres in the chain of transport
and (2) the impact of distribution centres on the environment. The first
section investigates the feasibility of the implementation of distribution
centres in the State of Victoria with respect to rail line capacity and
location allocation. The second section presents an additional simulation
model that investigates the role of a distribution centre in relation to
the amount of atmospheric pollution produced by rail and road, while
containers are carried between port and destination.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 105-122
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309902
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309902
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:1:p:105-122
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Q. Dalvi
Author-X-Name-First: M. Q.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dalvi
Title: Book Review
Abstract:
Deregulation and Liberalisation of the Airline Industry (Asia,
Europe, North America and Oceania) . By DPENDRA SINHA (Aldershot: Ashgate,
2001.) [Pp. 2 + 166.] £39.95 (hardcover). ISBN 1 84014 8357
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 123-126
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309899
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309899
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:1:p:123-126
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Parviz Koushki
Author-X-Name-First: Parviz
Author-X-Name-Last: Koushki
Title: Book review
Abstract:
Cities for the New Millennium . Edited by MARCIAL ECHENIQUE and
ANDREW SAINT (London: E&FN Spon, 2001). [Pp. ix+182.] ISBN 0-415-23183-3
(pbk).
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 126-129
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309903
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309903
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:1:p:126-129
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Howe
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Howe
Title: 'Filling the middle': Uganda's appropriate transport services
Abstract:
Uganda developed bicycle-based passenger and goods transport
services in the 1960s. They were complemented by a motorcycle-based
version in the 1990s. These have extended the range and capacity of
services, known locally as boda boda . Both have spread over the entire
country and the bicycle version into neighbouring Kenya. This paper
explains the origins of boda boda, the factors conditioning development,
its operating characteristics and the problems they face. This analysis is
used to examine the benefits boda boda services have brought to the poor.
Boda boda operate where more conventional services are uneconomic or
physically impossible. They are found in urban and rural areas where they
act as feeder services to the towns or major public transport routes.
Because of limited capacity and short trips fares per kilometre are two to
seven times those of large-capacity buses. Popularity derives from their
ability to meet demands other services cannot. While the poorest make only
occasional use, due to low incomes and high costs, for many they enhance
income by extending the range and intensity of productive activities.
Their main impact on the poor is through the employment provided.
Operators are drawn from the least educated classes and each supports five
dependants. About 1.7 million people, or 7% of the population, receive
part of their livelihood from the industry.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 161-176
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309890
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:2:p:161-176
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. F. Bryceson
Author-X-Name-First: D. F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bryceson
Author-Name: T. C. Mbara
Author-X-Name-First: T. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mbara
Author-Name: D. Maunder
Author-X-Name-First: D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Maunder
Title: Livelihoods, daily mobility and poverty in sub-saharan Africa
Abstract:
Based on research funded by the UK Department for International
Development, this paper investigates the utility of a livelihoods approach
in identifying the mobility and accessibility needs of the poor. Mobility
patterns and livelihoods of stratified samples of households in
urban-to-rural corridors originating in the national capital cities of
Zimbabwe and Uganda are compared, with emphasis on the poor's position
relative to higher income groups. It is found that livelihood work was the
most frequent purpose of short-distance travel for all income groups and
localities, amounting to 38% of trip purposes in Uganda and 46% in
Zimbabwe. On average, Zimbabweans were more mobile making more daily trips
over longer distances reflective of greater reliance on motorized
transport in the country. Nonetheless, walking dominates modal journeys in
both countries. Ugandans display heavier dependence on bicycle and
motorcycle transport primarily through taxi hire compared with
Zimbabweans' private care and public kombi bus transport. Survey evidence
suggests that Uganda's poor and middle-incomed urban and rural residents
benefit from more widely available multimodal public transport.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 177-196
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309891
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309891
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:2:p:177-196
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Njenga
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Njenga
Author-Name: A. Davis
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis
Title: Drawing the road map to rural poverty reduction
Abstract:
This paper provides a synopsis of rural transport issues in
developing countries and the way in which rural transport can contribute
to poverty reduction and the Millennium Development Goals. It begins with
an historical overview of the transport sector in the context of rural
development, and continues with a summary of the transport needs and
constraints of different stakeholders and vulnerable groups. Key transport
interventions that address access problems through the development of road
infrastructure, transport services and intermediate means of transport are
also described, and the paper concludes with a dialogue on the
implications for poverty reduction, and recommendations for future
research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 217-241
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309889
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309889
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:2:p:217-241
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Metz
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Metz
Title: Limitations of transport policy: A rejoinder
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 243-246
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640309888
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640309888
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:2:p:243-246
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Metz
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Metz
Title: Transport policy for an ageing population
Abstract:
Mobility declines with increasing age,
reflecting the onset of physical or mental infirmity, affordability of
travel for those on retirement incomes, and the mal-design of the
transport infrastructure and operational arrangements. With the prospect
of a rapidly ageing population, it is important to address measures to
promote mobility if the quality of life of older people is to be
sustained. In the UK, pensioners on low incomes, who could be hindered in
their travel by the cost of fares on public transport, benefit from the
general availability of half price (or better) concessionary fares for
local travel. A variety of measures are in place to counter the effects of
age-associated disabilities that hinder mobility, including low floor
buses, subsidised taxis and community transport schemes. The Disability
Discrimination Act is ensuring that public services vehicles are
accessible to older people with disabilities. The motor car is of
increasing importance in later life, particularly for those with
disabilities, and a variety of design and technological approaches are
being brought to bear to maintain the mobility of older people. These
various efforts undoubtedly enhance the mobility of older people. However,
beyond that broad conclusion it is hard to make evidencebased judgements.
There is therefore a pressing need to develop methods to evaluate
developments in policy and practice.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 375-386
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000048573
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000048573
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:4:p:375-386
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Russ Haywood
Author-X-Name-First: Russ
Author-X-Name-Last: Haywood
Title: Evaluation of the policies in British local transport plans with regard to the promotion of rail freight
Abstract:
Over the last couple of decades there
has been a trend in Western Europe and North America towards making the
railway industry more able to compete successfully with road for freight
haulage through deregulation and/or structural change. This trend has been
drive, partly, by a concern to produce more commercially viable railway
industries, but also by concerns to reduce the environmental impacts of
road haulage through modal shift. The latter in particular has led to the
development of public policies supportive of rail freight, particularly at
the national or international levels. This paper reports on qualitative
research that analysed public policy aimed at promoting rail freight in
Britain but, unusually, the focus was on local rather than national
policy. The research was an investigation of the approach of local
authorities to the encouragement of rail freight as evidenced through
their Local Transport Plans. The paper concludes that in Britain there has
been a significant amount of local policymaking for rail freight and that
although national policy matters are of overriding importance, the role of
local policy is significant and can be developed further.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 387-412
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000048294
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000048294
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:4:p:387-412
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tomasz Komornicki
Author-X-Name-First: Tomasz
Author-X-Name-Last: Komornicki
Title: Factors of development of car ownership in Poland
Abstract:
The paper aims (1) to confront the
spatial distribution and dynamics of car ownership in Poland with the
experiences of the development of private car ownership in other Central
and Western European countries; (2) to analyse the phenomenon considered
at the regional level, also with respect to its causes and consequences;
and (3) to attempt to answer the question whether in the circumstances of
the post-socialist countries the development of private car ownership is
conditioned by the same factors as those defined in earlier analyses,
mainly on the basis of the experiences from developed countries.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 413-431
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2002.10823175
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2002.10823175
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:4:p:413-431
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Javier Asensio
Author-X-Name-First: Javier
Author-X-Name-Last: Asensio
Author-Name: Anna Matas
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Matas
Author-Name: José-Luis Raymond
Author-X-Name-First: José-Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Raymond
Title: Redistributive effects of subsidies to urban public transport in Spain
Abstract:
This paper analyses the redistributive
effects generated by the subsidization of urban public transport services.
We estimate a two-stage model that takes into account both car ownership
decisions and expenditure in urban public transport. In this way, we are
able to measure the long run effects of income changes. Under the
assumption that the user is the final beneficiary of the subsidies, and
computing the share of the fare that is subsidized, we measure the
progressiveness of the subsidies for different income groups and city
sizes. Urban public transport subsidies are shown to be progressive. In
larger urban areas this effect is considerably more important than in
small ones.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 433-452
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2002.10823176
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2002.10823176
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:4:p:433-452
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sergio Jara-Díaz
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio
Author-X-Name-Last: Jara-Díaz
Author-Name: Antonio Gschwender
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Gschwender
Title: Towards a general microeconomic model for the operation of public transport
Abstract:
After Vickrey's view, Mohring
constructed a microeconomic model to determine the optimal frequency of
buses serving a corridor with fixed demand. The main result was that
frequency should be proportional to the square root of demand. The role of
users' costs was shown to be crucial. This approach has evolved over the
past decades, improving our understanding of public transport operations.
This paper describes and analyses the evolution of microeconomic models
for the analysis of public transport services with parametric demand,
leading towards a more comprehensive one. An in-depth review of all the
contributions in the academic literature is presented, emphasizing both
the treatment of variables and the form of the results mostly in terms of
frequency and fleet size. A series of partial new elements is also
identified. An extension of Jansson's model for a single period is
developed analytically, including the effect of vehicle size on operating
costs and the influence of crowding on the value of time. Numerical
simulations are used for comparison and analysis. A general model is then
proposed where bus operations are optimized accounting for a number of
simultaneous relations. Finally, the different models are discussed and
compared.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 453-469
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000048922
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000048922
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:4:p:453-469
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: CATHARINUS F. JAARSMA
Author-X-Name-First: CATHARINUS F.
Author-X-Name-Last: JAARSMA
Author-Name: HEIN BOTMA
Author-X-Name-First: HEIN
Author-X-Name-Last: BOTMA
Author-Name: RONALD G. H. VAN ARK
Author-X-Name-First: RONALD G. H.
Author-X-Name-Last: VAN ARK
Author-Name: GEERT P.A. WILLEMS
Author-X-Name-First: GEERT P.A.
Author-X-Name-Last: WILLEMS
Title: Agricultural vehicles and sustainable safe road traffic: solving conflicts on arterial highways
Abstract:
Addressing the issues of traffic safety
in rural areas presents a constant challenge. The mix of light and heavy
vehicles and the considerable differences in speed among these traffic
participants result in high risks and delays for the faster vehicles.
Agricultural vehicles (AVs) in particular have such an impact on traffic,
especially when using arterial highways. This paper reviews the problems
of safety and delays that AVs cause on arterial highways, and the
appropriate mitigation. The concept of 'sustainable safety' in The
Netherlands focuses on these problems, because of the proposed
construction of parallel roads alongside all arterial highways. However,
Dutch accident statistics cannot justify the high costs for the
construction of parallel roads alongside 7000 km of arterial highways.
Delays experienced by fast traffic are another reason for separating AVs
from other road users with parallel roads. Alternative measures alongside
the arterial highway, such as passing bays, restricting AVs to travelling
at off-peak only and improving the conspicuity of the AVs, may be more
cost-effective ways of reducing delays and/or improving traffic safety on
arterial highways. Another solution may be to eliminate the need for AVs
to use the arterial highway by altering their routes. For this purpose,
land reallocation projects (as practised in Holland) can provide a useful
tool.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 471-488
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164022000022741
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164022000022741
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:4:p:471-488
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eiichi Taniguchi
Author-X-Name-First: Eiichi
Author-X-Name-Last: Taniguchi
Author-Name: Russell G. Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Russell G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Author-Name: Tadashi Yamada
Author-X-Name-First: Tadashi
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamada
Title: Predicting the effects of city logistics schemes
Abstract:
City logistics aims globally to optimize
logistics systems within an urban area by considering the costs and
benefits of schemes to the public and private sectors alike. Private
shippers and freight operators aim to reduce their freight costs, while
the community attempts to alleviate traffic congestion and environmental
problems. City logistics initiatives attempt to minimize the total costs
of freight movement within urban areas. Schemes for reducing the
environmental and social costs as well as the economic costs are sought.
This paper describes the development and application of mathematical
computer-based models that have been used in the planning and evaluation
of city logistics schemes. A detailed description of several modelling
approaches that have been developed to predict the effects of specific
city logistics schemes is presented. Integrated modelling approaches that
combine both optimization and simulation, such as dynamic flow simulation
and multi-agent systems, allow the effects of city logistics schemes to be
predicted.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 489-515
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640210163999
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640210163999
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:4:p:489-515
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: BENT FLYVBJERG
Author-X-Name-First: BENT
Author-X-Name-Last: FLYVBJERG
Author-Name: METTE K. SKAMRIS HOLM
Author-X-Name-First: METTE K.
Author-X-Name-Last: SKAMRIS HOLM
Author-Name: SØREN L. BUHL
Author-X-Name-First: SØREN L.
Author-X-Name-Last: BUHL
Title: What Causes Cost Overrun in Transport Infrastructure Projects?
Abstract:
Results from the first statistically significant study of the causes of
cost escalation in transport infrastructure projects are presented. The
study is based on a sample of 258 rail, bridge, tunnel and road projects
worth US$90 billion. The focus is on the dependence of cost escalation on:
(1) the length of the project‐implementation phase, (2) the size of
the project and (3) the type of project ownership. First, it was found,
with very high statistical significance, that cost escalation was strongly
dependent on the length of the implementation phase. The policy
implications are clear: decision‐makers and planners should be
highly concerned about delays and long implementation phases because they
translate into risks of substantial cost escalations. Second, projects
have grown larger over time, and for bridges and tunnels larger projects
have larger percentage cost escalations. Finally, by comparing the cost
escalation for three types of project ownership—private,
state‐owned enterprise and other public ownership—it was
shown that the oft‐seen claim that public ownership is problematic
and private ownership effective in curbing cost escalation is an
oversimplification. The type of accountability appears to matter more to
cost escalation than type of ownership.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 3-18
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000080494a
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000080494a
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:1:p:3-18
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ZBIGNIEW TAYLOR
Author-X-Name-First: ZBIGNIEW
Author-X-Name-Last: TAYLOR
Title: Recent Changes in Polish Transport Policy
Abstract:
Poland is an interesting example of a country whose transport policy is
under radical modification. The operation of changing policy configuration
is in accordance with economic transformation, namely from centrally
planned to marketoriented economics. This paper reviews (1) the criticism
of the former transport White Paper, Polityka transportowa; (2) major
parliamentary documents qualifying the present approach to transport; (3)
the new and completely revised approach to restructuring and privatization
of railways; (4) changes in the programme of motorway construction; (5)
other legislative changes in road transport; (6) ownership transformation
in Polish Airlines LOT and liberalization of air‐borne traffic in
Europe; and (7) changes in maritime shipping. One aspect of the Polish
transport policy is that the state has almost withdrawn from urban level
policy development.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 19-32
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2002
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416402200028817
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416402200028817
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2002:i:1:p:19-32
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: KEVIN CULLINANE
Author-X-Name-First: KEVIN
Author-X-Name-Last: CULLINANE
Author-Name: WANG TENG FEI
Author-X-Name-First: WANG TENG
Author-X-Name-Last: FEI
Author-Name: SHARON CULLINANE
Author-X-Name-First: SHARON
Author-X-Name-Last: CULLINANE
Title: Container Terminal Development in Mainland China and Its Impact on the Competitiveness of the Port of Hong Kong
Abstract:
In recent years, China's container ports have experienced a significant
expansion in throughput and capacity. This paper provides a review of the
sector and analyses the recent development of container ports and
terminals within Mainland China. It then focuses in more depth on the
competition between the ports of Shenzhen and Hong Kong. In particular,
the port of Shenzhen is analysed in the context of Robinson's criteria for
hub port development to try to discern whether it will become the dominant
regional hub. The discussion concludes that despite Shenzhen's current
competitive advantages, Hong Kong will, in all probability, retain its
dominant role.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 33-56
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2002
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000122334
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000122334
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2002:i:1:p:33-56
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: CHRISTIAN AMBROSINI
Author-X-Name-First: CHRISTIAN
Author-X-Name-Last: AMBROSINI
Author-Name: JEAN‐LOUIS ROUTHIER
Author-X-Name-First: JEAN‐LOUIS
Author-X-Name-Last: ROUTHIER
Title: Objectives, Methods and Results of Surveys Carried out in the Field of Urban Freight Transport: An International Comparison
Abstract:
In industrialized countries, the number of studies and surveys in the
field of urban goods movement (UGM) has increased considerably over recent
years. This paper compares the objectives, methods and results in this
sector and focuses on nine industrialized countries of Europe, America and
Asia. This non‐extensive review shows that in spite of different
framework methods and models, similar trends emerge at the economic and
environmental levels. It is necessary to take into account urban logistics
in the broadest meaning of the term. Cooperative action seems to bear
fruit providing that information and dialogue take place in the
long‐term with all the operators involved. The development of
intelligent transport systems (ITS) and better management of urban
facilities may improve these attempts. We present our viewpoint in order
to shed light on research oriented towards the sustainable management of
urban logistics.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 57-77
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2002
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000122343
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000122343
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2002:i:1:p:57-77
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. D. MAY
Author-X-Name-First: A. D.
Author-X-Name-Last: MAY
Title: Singapore: The Development of a World Class Transport System
Abstract:
Singapore's Land Transport Authority, formed in 1995, set itself a
mission of producing a world class transport system. This paper assesses
the extent to which this goal is being achieved. It outlines the structure
within which transport decisions are taken and indicates the freedom this
gives to develop integrated transport and land‐use strategies. It
demonstrates the long‐term stability in transport strategy from
1972 onwards, and the key contributions to that strategy of
land‐use controls and travel‐demand management measures. The
individual elements of the strategy are then reviewed and innovations
identified in demand management, public transport service provision and
information technology. Finally, the key attributes that have led to the
success of the strategy are identified, and it is suggested that many of
these are transferable to other cities of the developed world.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 79-101
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000068984
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000068984
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:1:p:79-101
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: GERARD DE JONG
Author-X-Name-First: GERARD
Author-X-Name-Last: DE JONG
Author-Name: HUGH GUNN
Author-X-Name-First: HUGH
Author-X-Name-Last: GUNN
Author-Name: WARREN WALKER
Author-X-Name-First: WARREN
Author-X-Name-Last: WALKER
Title: National and International Freight Transport Models: An Overview and Ideas for Future Development
Abstract:
This paper contains a review of the literature on freight transport
models, focusing on the types of models that have been developed since the
1990s for forecasting, policy simulation and project evaluation at the
national and international levels. Models for production, attraction,
distribution, modal split and assignment are discussed. Furthermore, a
number of ideas for future development, especially for the regional and
urban components within national freight transport models, are included.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 103-124
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000080494
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000080494
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:1:p:103-124
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. MAJUMDAR
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: MAJUMDAR
Author-Name: W. OCHIENG
Author-X-Name-First: W.
Author-X-Name-Last: OCHIENG
Title: From ‘Our Air Is Not for Sale’ to ‘Airtrack’: The Part Privatization of the UK's Airspac
Abstract:
Air traffic in the UK has increased rapidly in the past two decades and
is forecast to grow at a rate of 4.3% per annum between 1998 and 2020. The
failure to develop the air traffic system in order to cope with this
growth has had undesirable consequences, e.g. a rise in flight delays and
near misses. Given the investment required in air traffic control systems
to cater for this growth, the UK government in 2000 part privatized the
National Air Traffic Services (NATS), the body in charge of the UK's
airspace in a public--private partnership (PPP). The UK Airline Group
acquired 46% of NATS and effective operational control, though the
government retains a share in NATS and safety regulation is in the public
sector. However, serious doubts about safety were raised during the debate
on the PPP. Similar moves towards a commercial operation (i.e.
corporatization) of air navigation services have been made in New Zealand
and Canada over the past decade and these provide useful insights into the
results of the corporatization process. This paper analyses the main
issues surrounding the part privatization of NATS. First, it highlights
the experience from New Zealand and Canada of the major issues involved in
corporatized air navigation services in six different categories: funding,
new technology and project management, safety, pricing regime,
international opportunities, and customer responsiveness. The likely
impacts for NATS given the lessons from New Zealand and Canada are
considered. The UK government's provisions for the PPP and their
implementation in the post‐PPP NATS are then outlined for these six
categories. Finally, the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks have had
major impacts on air travel and their consequences for NATS in the six
categories are highlighted. This paper concludes with some of the issues
that need to be addressed to ensure the success of the PPP for NATS.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 135-176
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2002
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000068975
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000068975
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2002:i:2:p:135-176
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ERIK FERGUSON
Author-X-Name-First: ERIK
Author-X-Name-Last: FERGUSON
Title: Zoning for Parking as Policy Process: A Historical Review
Abstract:
Zoning for parking is reviewed as a historical process of public policy
development. Zoning for parking was relatively rare among US cities before
the Second World War. By 1969, however, virtually all US cities with
populations exceeding 25 000 zoned for parking as their primary method of
dealing with land‐use problems associated with rising automobile
ownership rates. A brief history of zoning for parking reveals that
despite its continuing popularity, it has almost always been a
controversial topic. A review of major studies reveals important aspects
of zoning for parking as it has changed over time. Zoning for parking
began as an occasional or piecemeal approach to resolving specific
problems associated with growing automobile storage requirements. It
gradually became the preferred method to ensure adequate parking space in
an automobile‐oriented society. It was first employed to address
the unusually high parking requirements of more affluent neighbourhoods in
higher density areas, but gradually grew to encompass most land uses in
most urban areas of any size or location. Zoning for parking originally
was a supply‐side strategy, but has since become more demand
oriented in its approach. Parking experts originally promoted a diversity
of parking standards based primarily on those observed in planning
practice. Today they generally advocate more specific parking standards
based on broader national experience. Zoning for parking nonetheless
appears to be a more flexible strategy today than it was 50 years ago.
Parking standards, whether observed in planning practice or recommended by
national authorities, have increased much less rapidly than automobile
ownership rates over the last 50 years. This may help to explain why a
policy so frequently decried as inefficient, ineffective and inequitable
has nonetheless managed to survive even in a more socially and
environmentally aware world.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 177-194
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000080485
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000080485
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:2:p:177-194
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ANNA MATAS
Author-X-Name-First: ANNA
Author-X-Name-Last: MATAS
Title: Demand and Revenue Implications of an Integrated Public Transport Policy: The Case of Madrid
Abstract:
One of the most popular options for promoting public transport use is the
provision of an integrated and high‐quality public transport
system. This was the strategy adopted by the regional government in
Madrid, Spain, in 1986, and since then public transport patronage has
increased by more than 50%. This paper has two objectives. The first is to
identify the factors underlying the significant increase in the demand for
public transport in Madrid. To do this, an aggregate demand function is
estimated for bus and underground trips, which allows one to obtain the
demand elasticities with respect to the main attributes of public
transport services and also to calculate the long‐term impact of
changes in those explanatory variables on patronage. The second objective
is to evaluate the impact on revenue derived from the introduction of the
travel card scheme, and to discuss the consequences on revenue of changes
in the relative fare levels of different types of ticket without
substantially affecting patronage. This latter issue is addressed by
estimating a matrix of own and cross‐price elasticities for
different ticket types.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 195-217
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000107223
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000107223
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:2:p:195-217
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ROBERT SCHLICH
Author-X-Name-First: ROBERT
Author-X-Name-Last: SCHLICH
Author-Name: STEFAN SCHÖNFELDER
Author-X-Name-First: STEFAN
Author-X-Name-Last: SCHÖNFELDER
Author-Name: SUSAN HANSON
Author-X-Name-First: SUSAN
Author-X-Name-Last: HANSON
Author-Name: KAY W. AXHAUSEN
Author-X-Name-First: KAY W.
Author-X-Name-Last: AXHAUSEN
Title: Structures of Leisure Travel: Temporal and Spatial Variability
Abstract:
Leisure activities play an increasingly dominant role in our daily lives.
Their importance has increased steadily over the last 40 years compared
with other activities. Considering leisure travel, one would expect to
discover this trend in recent empirical work. Unfortunately, this has not
been possible in Germany or other countries due to a lack of suitable
data. The lack of such data is mainly caused by different leisure
activities being performed sporadically, which are influenced by changing
conditions such as the weather, traffic, etc. It is thus desirable to
obtain data over periods substantially longer than 1 or even several days
(longitudinal data). The longitudinal 6‐week
Mobidrive survey data match this requirement and are
analysed here with regards to leisure activities. The
Mobidrive data allow the examination of aspects of
temporal and spatial variability and separate analyses of distinct
detailed leisure activities. Because leisure traffic has been rarely
analysed from a longitudinal perspective, it is difficult to generalize
the results. For this reason, a similar but outdated dataset (Uppsala
dataset) is used to validate the results.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 219-237
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000138742
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000138742
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:2:p:219-237
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JAMES F. NOLAN
Author-X-Name-First: JAMES F.
Author-X-Name-Last: NOLAN
Author-Name: PAMELA RITCHIE
Author-X-Name-First: PAMELA
Author-X-Name-Last: RITCHIE
Author-Name: JOHN ROWCROFT
Author-X-Name-First: JOHN
Author-X-Name-Last: ROWCROFT
Title: September 11 and the World Airline Financial Crisis
Abstract:
Much of the post‐September 11, 2001, rhetoric has focussed on the
idea that the terrorist attacks in the USA catapulted the world airline
industry into a financial crisis. But are the current problems in the
world airline industry so readily attributable to the events of September
11? Was the shock to the industry sufficient to create the current
situation, or are airlines around the world attempting to justify bailouts
in order to cover a more systemic industry crisis? The purpose of this
paper is to offer an independent financial assessment of the impact of
September 11 on the viability of world airlines.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 239-255
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000138751
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000138751
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:2:p:239-255
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: TOM WORSLEY
Author-X-Name-First: TOM
Author-X-Name-Last: WORSLEY
Title: Road Traffic Elasticities: Introduction
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 259-260
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2004
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000181716
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000181716
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2004:i:3:p:259-260
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: DANIEL J. GRAHAM
Author-X-Name-First: DANIEL J.
Author-X-Name-Last: GRAHAM
Author-Name: STEPHEN GLAISTER
Author-X-Name-First: STEPHEN
Author-X-Name-Last: GLAISTER
Title: Road Traffic Demand Elasticity Estimates: A Review
Abstract:
A brief summary of road traffic‐related elasticity estimates as
reported in the international literature is given. An indication of the
orders of magnitude of these elasticities is outlined and the variation in
estimates commonly found is emphasized. The results of previous extensive
surveys are collated, but a wider scope of traffic‐related research
is provided by reviewing recent work and including research that has
received less attention. A variety of elasticity measures related to car
travel, car ownership, freight traffic and fuel demand are reported. Based
on the review, some important themes underpinning the demand for road
traffic are revealed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 261-274
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000101193
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000101193
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:3:p:261-274
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: PHIL GOODWIN
Author-X-Name-First: PHIL
Author-X-Name-Last: GOODWIN
Author-Name: JOYCE DARGAY
Author-X-Name-First: JOYCE
Author-X-Name-Last: DARGAY
Author-Name: MARK HANLY
Author-X-Name-First: MARK
Author-X-Name-Last: HANLY
Title: Elasticities of Road Traffic and Fuel Consumption with Respect to Price and Income: A Review
Abstract:
This paper gives the main results of a literature review of new empirical
studies, published since 1990, updating work on the effects of price and
income on fuel consumption, traffic levels, and where available other
indicators including fuel efficiency and car ownership. The results are
broadly consistent with several earlier reviews, though not always with
current practice. The work was carried out as one of two parallel
‘blind’ literature reviews, the other being summarized in a
companion paper by Graham and Glaister: the results are broadly, though
not in every respect, consistent.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 275-292
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000181725
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000181725
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:3:p:275-292
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: MAR GONZÁLEZ‐SAVIGNAT
Author-X-Name-First: MAR
Author-X-Name-Last: GONZÁLEZ‐SAVIGNAT
Title: Will the high‐speed train compete against the private vehicle?
Abstract:
The capacity of the high‐speed train to compete against travel
demand in private vehicles is analysed. A hypothetical context analysed as
the high‐speed alternative is not yet available for the route
studied. In order to model travel demand, experimental designs were
applied to obtain stated preference information. Discrete choice logit
models were estimated in order to derive the effect of service variables
on journey utility. From these empirical demand models, it was possible to
predict for different travel contexts and individuals the capacity of the
high‐speed train to compete with the car, so determining the impact
of the new alternative on modal distribution. Furthermore, individual
willingness to pay for travel time saving is derived for different
contexts. The results allow us to confirm that the high‐speed train
will have a significant impact on the analysed market, with an important
shift of passengers to the new rail service being expected. Different
transport policy scenarios are derived. The cost of travel appears to a
great extent to be a conditioning variable in the modal choice. These
results provide additional evidence for the understanding of private
vehicle travel demand.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 293-316
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000083103
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000083103
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:3:p:293-316
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ROGER BEHRENS
Author-X-Name-First: ROGER
Author-X-Name-Last: BEHRENS
Author-Name: Roger Behrens
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Behrens
Title: Understanding Travel Needs of the Poor: Towards Improved Travel Analysis Practices in South Africa
Abstract:
The ability of conventional South African travel analysis practices to
analyse adequately the travel needs of the poor is examined. The origins
and nature of conventional practices are described, and it is observed
that typically their scope has been limited to motorized modes, commutes
and peaks. The paper reports on the findings of an activity diary survey
administered in Cape Town that extended the conventional scope of
analysis. An activity‐based survey method was selected because it
typically yields higher rates of trip recall than other methods and is
therefore relatively well suited to investigating travel behaviour in its
fuller complexity. Selected findings of the survey are presented to
demonstrate that travel occurring by non‐motorized modes, for
non‐work purposes and during off‐peak periods, is
considerable. It is argued that the conventional limitation in analytical
scope can create serious misconceptions of the true nature of travel
behaviour, particularly of low‐income households. By restricting
the focus of analysis to motorized, work and peak period
trip‐making, there is a risk of a routine bias being introduced in
the way the urban passenger transport problem is understood, and in the
nature of the interventions that are implemented as a result.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 317-336
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000138779
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000138779
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:3:p:317-336
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ELIZABETH S. AMPT
Author-X-Name-First: ELIZABETH S.
Author-X-Name-Last: AMPT
Author-Name: JUAN DE DIOS ORTÚZAR
Author-X-Name-First: JUAN DE DIOS
Author-X-Name-Last: ORTÚZAR
Title: On Best Practice in Continuous Large‐scale Mobility Surveys
Abstract:
The state‐of‐practice in the design and conduction of
mobility surveys in metropolitan areas leaves much to be desired, even in
most industrialized countries. It is argued that the
state‐of‐the‐art in this type of survey is a
continuous (ongoing) method, beginning with a somewhat larger sample size
in the first year and with smaller sample sizes in subsequent years. The
paper discusses three issues related to this methodology. First, the
sampling implications; in particular, sample sizes are considered based on
stratifications by income, car ownership and household size, designed to
estimate trip rates, zone‐level car ownership and mode choice
models for different strata. Second, the survey method implications, where
state‐of‐the‐art and ‐of‐practice
considers collecting data for each day of the week during the whole year.
Third, the important issues of data correction and weighting, and the need
for independent data and validation strategies. The paper concludes with a
brief report on the main results of a 1‐year pilot study of these
recommendations as applied to Santiago, Chile, and with some preliminary
data about the first wave of the large‐scale mobility survey
currently under way in that city that serves to illustrate the magnitude
of the effort and to get a feeling about the quality of the approach.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 337-363
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000140703
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000140703
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:3:p:337-363
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: QASIM DALVI
Author-X-Name-First: QASIM
Author-X-Name-Last: DALVI
Title: REVIEW PAPER
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 365-376
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2004
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000231404
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000231404
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2004:i:3:p:365-376
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: GERARD DE JONG
Author-X-Name-First: GERARD DE
Author-X-Name-Last: JONG
Author-Name: JAMES FOX
Author-X-Name-First: JAMES
Author-X-Name-Last: FOX
Author-Name: ANDREW DALY
Author-X-Name-First: ANDREW
Author-X-Name-Last: DALY
Author-Name: MARITS PIETERS
Author-X-Name-First: MARITS
Author-X-Name-Last: PIETERS
Author-Name: REMKO SMIT
Author-X-Name-First: REMKO
Author-X-Name-Last: SMIT
Title: Comparison of car ownership models
Abstract:
Car ownership models found in the academic literature (with a focus on
the recent literature and on models developed for transport planning) are
classified into a number of model types. The different model types are
compared on a number of criteria: inclusion of demand and supply side of
the car market, level of aggregation, dynamic or static model,
long‐ or short‐run forecasts, theoretical background,
inclusion of car use, data requirements, treatment of business cars,
car‐type segmentation, inclusion of income, of fixed and/or
variable car cost, of car quality aspects, of licence holding, of
sociodemographic variables and of attitudinal variables, and treatment of
scrappage.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 379-408
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000138733
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000138733
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:4:p:379-408
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: N. SHARMA
Author-X-Name-First: N.
Author-X-Name-Last: SHARMA
Author-Name: K. K. CHAUDHRY
Author-X-Name-First: K. K.
Author-X-Name-Last: CHAUDHRY
Author-Name: C. V. CHALAPATI RAO
Author-X-Name-First: C. V. CHALAPATI
Author-X-Name-Last: RAO
Title: Vehicular pollution prediction modelling: a review of highway dispersion models
Abstract:
Air quality modelling plays an important role in formulating air
pollution control and management strategies by providing guidelines for
better and more efficient air quality planning. Several line source
models, mostly Gaussian‐based, have been suggested to predict
pollutant concentrations near highways/roads. These models, despite
several assumptions and limitations, are used throughout the world,
including in India, to carry out air pollution prediction analysis due to
vehicular traffic near roads/highways. These models are being continuously
upgraded and modified based on field experiments, and numerical and
physical modelling results. An effort has been made in the present paper
to review briefly the philosophy and basic features of most of the
commonly used highway dispersion models. The paper also discusses various
theories and techniques that led to the development and modification of
these models along with the statistical analysis tools to evaluate the
performance of these models. An attempt has also been made to summarize
briefly the various line source models currently used in India and to
highlight the difficulties being faced while using them in an Indian
context.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 409-435
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000196071
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000196071
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:4:p:409-435
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JOSEPH N. PRASHKER
Author-X-Name-First: JOSEPH N.
Author-X-Name-Last: PRASHKER
Author-Name: SHLOMO BEKHOR
Author-X-Name-First: SHLOMO
Author-X-Name-Last: BEKHOR
Title: Route Choice Models Used in the Stochastic User Equilibrium Problem: A Review
Abstract:
Several route choice models are reviewed in the context of the stochastic
user equilibrium problem. The traffic assignment problem has been
extensively studied in the literature. Several models were developed
focusing mainly on the solution of the link flow pattern for congested
urban areas. The behavioural assumption governing route choice, which is
the essential part of any traffic assignment model, received relatively
much less attention. The core of any traffic assignment method is the
route choice model. In the wellknown deterministic case, a simple choice
model is assumed in which drivers choose their best route. The assumption
of perfect knowledge of travel costs has been long considered inadequate
to explain travel behaviour. Consequently, probabilistic route choice
models were developed in which drivers were assumed to minimize their
perceived costs given a set of routes. The objective of the paper is to
review the different route choice models used to solve the traffic
assignment problem. Focus is on the different model structures. The paper
connects some of the route choice models proposed long ago, such as the
logit and probit models, with recently developed models. It discusses
several extensions to the simple logit model, as well as the choice set
generation problem and the incorporation of the models in the assignment
problem.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 437-463
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000181707
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000181707
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:4:p:437-463
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. A. GIANNOPOULOS
Author-X-Name-First: G. A.
Author-X-Name-Last: GIANNOPOULOS
Author-Name: G. AIFANDOPOULOU‐KLIMIS
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: AIFANDOPOULOU‐KLIMIS
Title: Inland Maritime Transport in Greece after the Lifting of the Cabotage and Full Liberalization: A Review. Part 1: The Situation ‘before’ and Expected Impacts
Abstract:
A comprehensive review of the inland maritime transport system of Greece
before the application of full liberalization in the provision of
transport services and the lifting of cabotage restrictions that existed
until 2002 is presented. The review is made both in terms of the quantity
of the demand and supply sides as well as in terms of the quality of the
offered services. The paper also examines all the elements that affect the
operation of the system in a way that lends itself to a comparison of the
‘before’ situation (presented here) with an
‘after’ situation, which will be evaluated in Part 2 of the
paper after the relevant data are available once the new system has been
in operation for a few years. The paper begins with a description of the
fully liberalized system that was put in operation in November 2002, and
the elements that have changed. It then gives a picture of the whole
system (based on data for 1999--2001) in terms of: (1) passenger and
freight flows and their temporal variations; (2) the characteristics of
the fleet; (3) the characteristics of the port infrastructure; and (4) the
levels of services offered (frequencies, travel times, reliability of
travel times, congestion at ports, form of the network). Interviews were
undertaken with experts working on the Greek inland maritime transport
systems at either the operation of the services (shipping companies) or on
its administration (ministries and supervising organizations), and the
interviews were supplemented by past experience from other countries and
the brief experience gained from the new system. The paper first gives an
overview of the expected impacts and changes that will be realized with
the new system. A brief description is given of a decision support tool
created as part of a consultancy study to help the Ministry of Merchant
Marine in the management and monitoring of the new liberalized system and
taking decisions based on European Union legislation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 465-483
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000181699
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000181699
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:4:p:465-483
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thyra Uth Thomsen
Author-X-Name-First: Thyra
Author-X-Name-Last: Uth Thomsen
Title: Children—automobility's immobilized others?
Abstract:
Within the social science literature on the so‐called
modernity--mobility nexus, children, women, the elderly, poor people and
the disabled are described as the immobilized ‘others’ of
automobility. They are seen as powerless victims of the hegemony of the
car, of the unequally distributed access to mobility and of the unequally
distributed negative consequences of an increasingly faster and wider
ranging automobility. The present paper focuses on children and questions
whether there is any empirical support for this rather rigid theoretically
driven construction of children's identity. With this objective, eight
in‐depth interviews with children about their perception of
themselves as travellers were conducted. The children saw themselves as
both suffering and benefiting from automobility, as well as being both
immobilized and mobilized. Thus, children are not necessarily
automobility's others in the sense of a suffering, victimized or
immobilized other altogether; they are also coping and partaking members
of the automobile society. This is an important conclusion, since no
matter how well meaning the intentions of the adult community, children
might benefit more from being perceived as active members of
society—with rights equal to those of adults as participants in the
further development of the automobile society—than of being
restricted to the role of powerless, patronized victims, dependent on the
grace of others.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 515-532
Issue: 5
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000181680
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000181680
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:5:p:515-532
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eleni I. Vlahogianni
Author-X-Name-First: Eleni I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Vlahogianni
Author-Name: John C. Golias
Author-X-Name-First: John C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Golias
Author-Name: Matthew G. Karlaftis
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Karlaftis
Title: Short‐term traffic forecasting: Overview of objectives and methods
Abstract:
In the last two decades, the growing need for short‐term
prediction of traffic parameters embedded in a real‐time
intelligent transportation systems environment has led to the development
of a vast number of forecasting algorithms. Despite this, there is still
not a clear view about the various requirements involved in modelling.
This field of research was examined by disaggregating the process of
developing short‐term traffic forecasting algorithms into three
essential clusters: the determination of the scope, the conceptual process
of specifying the output and the process of modelling, which includes
several decisions concerning the selection of the proper methodological
approach, the type of input and output data used, and the quality of the
data. A critical discussion clarifies several interactions between the
above and results in a logical flow that can be used as a framework for
developing short‐term traffic forecasting models.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 533-557
Issue: 5
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000195072
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000195072
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:5:p:533-557
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kiron Chatterjee
Author-X-Name-First: Kiron
Author-X-Name-Last: Chatterjee
Author-Name: Mike Mcdonald
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Mcdonald
Title: Effectiveness of using variable message signs to disseminate dynamic traffic information: Evidence from field trails in European cities
Abstract:
Variable message signs (VMS) can provide up‐to‐date traffic
information and guidance to drivers through electronic signs at the
roadside. The paper draws together the results from VMS field trials
conducted in nine cities as part of European Union‐sponsored
research projects carried out between 1994 and 1999. The projects followed
common guidelines in carrying out field trial evaluations, which has
enabled generalized findings to be made on the impacts of the different
VMS applications. The main emphasis in the paper is on drivers' reactions
to VMS and the impacts of VMS on road network efficiency. Results are
reported for four different types of traffic information. For incident
messages, it is not only the severity of the problem reported that
influences the level of diversions, but also other factors such as the
specific location mentioned and the availability of viable alternative
routes to avoid the problem location. For route guidance information, it
is demonstrated that substantial diversions occur when the route advice
differs from that given normally. For continuous information describing
the traffic state on a major route, information increases the use of the
major route and reduces use of alternative routes if there are no traffic
problems reported on the major route. Travel time information was well
regarded by drivers and found to be effective in inducing route changes.
In general, the deployments of VMS to inform drivers of traffic conditions
have proved successful in terms of improving network travel times and
reducing environmental impacts. Whilst such changes have been relatively
small, driver perception of the benefits is much higher. This is
potentially very significant in terms of the role that VMS can play in the
development of integrated transport strategies, as the provision of
information may encourage greater acceptance of a range of demand
management measures.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 559-585
Issue: 5
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000196080
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000196080
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:5:p:559-585
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: DANIEL A. RODRÍGUEZ* *
Author-X-Name-First: DANIEL A.
Author-X-Name-Last: RODRÍGUEZ* *
Author-Name: FELIPE TARGA
Author-X-Name-First: FELIPE
Author-X-Name-Last: TARGA
Title: Value of accessibility to Bogotá's bus rapid transit system
Abstract:
With several successful cases world‐wide, bus rapid transit (BRT)
has reemerged as a cost‐effective transportation alternative for
urban mobility. Despite the resurgence of BRT, there is a
world‐wide paucity of research examining its ability to spur and
development. By estimating spatial hedonic price functions, the paper
determines the extent to which access to BRT stations in Bogotá,
Colombia, currently are capitalized into land values. Results suggest that
for every 5 min of additional walking time to a BRT station, the rental
price of a property decreases by between 6.8 and 9.3%, after controlling
for structural characteristics, neighbourhood attributes and proximity to
the BRT corridor. Evaluated at the average walking time to a BRT station,
this effect translates into an elasticity of between − 0.16
and − 0.22. Although these estimates cannot be attributable
directly to the presence of the BRT system because a
cross‐sectional design is used, they suggest that the land market
in Bogotá values access to BRT station locations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 587-610
Issue: 5
Volume: 24
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000195081
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000195081
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2003:i:5:p:587-610
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: DAVID BANISTER
Author-X-Name-First: DAVID
Author-X-Name-Last: BANISTER
Author-Name: DOMINIC STEAD
Author-X-Name-First: DOMINIC
Author-X-Name-Last: STEAD
Title: Impact of information and communications technology on transport
Abstract:
The impacts of information and communications technologies on transport
are examined. First, the wider context of global change is outlined with
the growth in the service and knowledge‐based economy, the
breakdown of trade barriers, and the development of new patterns of
travel. The more traditional views are briefly covered and discussed, and
a case is made for longer term, more subtle direct and indirect effects of
technological innovation on transport. Three spheres of influence are
considered (production, living and working) to help structure the argument
and to provide a framework within which to investigate the different
information and communications technology applications in terms of their
roles and impacts on transport. The review ends with three key unresolved
questions that relate to the future of transport demand and analysis, and
three further opportunities for using information and communications
technology substantially to increase transport efficiency.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 611-632
Issue: 5
Volume: 24
Year: 2004
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000206060
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000206060
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2004:i:5:p:611-632
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: KENNETH BUTTON
Author-X-Name-First: KENNETH
Author-X-Name-Last: BUTTON
Author-Name: PETER NIJKAMP
Author-X-Name-First: PETER
Author-X-Name-Last: NIJKAMP
Title: Introduction: challenges in conducting transatlantic work on sustainable transport and the STELLA/STAR initiative
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 635-643
Issue: 6
Volume: 24
Year: 2004
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000292434
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000292434
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2004:i:6:p:635-643
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: CRISTINA CAPINERI
Author-X-Name-First: CRISTINA
Author-X-Name-Last: CAPINERI
Author-Name: THOMAS R. LEINBACH
Author-X-Name-First: THOMAS R.
Author-X-Name-Last: LEINBACH
Title: Globalization, e‐economy and trade
Abstract:
The first position paper of Stella Focus Group 1 on Globalization,
E‐Economy and Trade aims to highlight the main concepts around
which the activities will develop. It addresses the transport and trade
implications of the shift from an economy dominated by physical movements
to one where electronic communications aid and, indeed, under certain
circumstances, eliminate or reduce physical flows. In particular, it
points out that the revolution taking place is mainly due to deep changes
in distribution processes caused by the spread of e‐commerce and by
a production system based on networks of different types (production,
financial, information, etc.). Major topics for exploration are the
specific roles of networks, new interpretations of access and distance in
virtual and physical spaces, the adoption, spread and impact of
e‐commerce, the multifaceted process of integration and
Internetworking, territorial competitiveness in the digital economy,
intermodality, and the growth of logistical systems and their impact upon
supply chains. Factors surrounding the shippers’ choice of freight
transport services, communications and transport patterns between
consumers and businesses, and general sustainability in these increasingly
complex systems are also important. All these topics are ripe for research
from both theoretical and methodological perspectives.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 645-663
Issue: 6
Volume: 24
Year: 2004
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000292443
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000292443
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2004:i:6:p:645-663
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: DONALD G. JANELLE
Author-X-Name-First: DONALD G.
Author-X-Name-Last: JANELLE
Author-Name: ANDREW GILLESPIE
Author-X-Name-First: ANDREW
Author-X-Name-Last: GILLESPIE
Title: Space--time constructs for linking information and communication technologies with issues in sustainable transportation
Abstract:
This paper develops a conceptual framework for understanding the ways in
which space‐adjusting technologies relate to socio‐economic
patterns and processes, and it then explores some of the challenges that
such a conceptualization poses for transportation research and planning.
Special attention is given to a review of recent research on the
integration of information and communication technologies within the
transportation sector, concentrating on (1) the need to understand the
underlying space--time dynamics of changes in mobility behaviour; (2) the
role of information and communication technology adoptions in the
structural transformation of cities and urban systems; and (3) the use of
intelligent transport systems in facilitating efficient and sustainable
mobility.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 665-677
Issue: 6
Volume: 24
Year: 2004
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000292452
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000292452
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2004:i:6:p:665-677
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: KIERAN DONAGHY
Author-X-Name-First: KIERAN
Author-X-Name-Last: DONAGHY
Author-Name: GEORG RUDINGER
Author-X-Name-First: GEORG
Author-X-Name-Last: RUDINGER
Author-Name: STEFAN POPPELREUTER
Author-X-Name-First: STEFAN
Author-X-Name-Last: POPPELREUTER
Title: Societal trends, mobility behaviour and sustainable transport in Europe and North America
Abstract:
It is increasingly evident that modern lifestyles in affluent societies,
and the mobility behaviour associated with such lifestyles, are not
consistent with the protection of environmental quality, the efficient use
of resources, and the promotion of social cohesion and just distributions
of opportunities and costs of using transport systems. This paper examines
social and behavioural aspects of sustainable transport from a
transatlantic perspective. Significant societal trends are surveyed and
their implications for mobility behaviour are drawn. The sustainability of
this behaviour is considered along with constraints and drivers of this
behaviour in Europe and North America. The paper takes up relevant policy
issues and concludes with a discussion of a transatlantic research agenda
on social and behavioural aspects of sustainable transport.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 679-690
Issue: 6
Volume: 24
Year: 2004
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000292461
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000292461
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2004:i:6:p:679-690
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: VELI HIMANEN
Author-X-Name-First: VELI
Author-X-Name-Last: HIMANEN
Author-Name: MARTIN LEE‐GOSSELIN
Author-X-Name-First: MARTIN
Author-X-Name-Last: LEE‐GOSSELIN
Author-Name: ADRIAAN PERRELS
Author-X-Name-First: ADRIAAN
Author-X-Name-Last: PERRELS
Title: Impacts of transport on sustainability: towards an integrated transatlantic evidence base
Abstract:
Despite a large body of literature on the negative impacts and
externalities of transport systems, it is difficult for
policy‐makers to infer a coherent message about whether
intervention should be considered, and if so, how to weigh the relative
importance of multiple domains of impact. This paper examines the extent
to which the results of research on the impacts of transport in the
European Union (EU), the USA and Canada have been translated into improved
public policy on sustainable development. Over 3 years, approximately
100 researchers contributed to a review that focused primarily on the
environment, safety, public health, land use and congestion. There were
findings on four main issues. First, the understanding of impacts is
uneven and, with some notable exceptions, poorly integrated: in
particular, where there is no real commitment to internalizing costs,
there is little incentive to develop assessment frameworks that support
decisions about tradeoffs between costs (and benefits) in multiple
domains. Second, the sustainability of transport is often viewed from the
policy side as something that has to be ‘set off’ against
affordability, equity and acceptability in a calculus that often treats
transport in isolation: a broader view of sustainability might better help
identify ways that transport can contribute to a decoupling of economic
growth from a growth in impacts. Third, some important gaps in the
research base were identified. Broad in nature, they concerned
longer‐term trajectories, societal learning, increased attention to
freight and policy implementation. Finally, activities are suggested to
improve the organization of a transatlantic evidence base that benefits
from appropriately scaled comparisons between regions of Europe and North
America, and which respects the complexity of impact domains and their
interactions. The highest priority was given to cross‐national
analyses of transport and land‐use policies relevant to
sustainability, and to holistic evaluations of actual implementations of
‘wise’ policy packages in urban regions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 691-705
Issue: 6
Volume: 24
Year: 2004
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000272470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000272470
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2004:i:6:p:691-705
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: PIET RIETVELD
Author-X-Name-First: PIET
Author-X-Name-Last: RIETVELD
Author-Name: ROGER STOUGH
Author-X-Name-First: ROGER
Author-X-Name-Last: STOUGH
Title: Institutions, regulations and sustainable transport: a cross‐national perspective
Abstract:
This paper examines institutional and regulatory aspects of sustainable
transport from a cross‐national perspective. While institutions
appear to play an important role in the economic success of many
countries, it is not so clear that they also support sustainable
development. A number of examples of the role of institutions in transport
are discussed. Particular attention is focused among others on the themes
of institutions and technological change, institutions and the
organization of production, and territorial aspects of institutions.
Regulatory trends are also reviewed including devolution patterns and the
growing importance of supra‐national organizations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 707-719
Issue: 6
Volume: 24
Year: 2004
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000292489
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000292489
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:24:y:2004:i:6:p:707-719
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: BERT VAN WEE
Author-X-Name-First: BERT VAN
Author-X-Name-Last: WEE
Author-Name: PIETER JANSE
Author-X-Name-First: PIETER
Author-X-Name-Last: JANSE
Author-Name: ROBERT VAN DEN BRINK
Author-X-Name-First: ROBERT VAN DEN
Author-X-Name-Last: BRINK
Title: Comparing energy use and environmental performance of land transport modes
Abstract:
Environmental impacts related to policy measures such as transport
investments are relevant for ex ante evaluations like
cost--benefit analyses (CBAs), environmental impact assessments (EIAs) and
strategic environmental assessments (SEAs). However, the methodologies
used in determining impacts are much less developed than those employed in
estimating transport and economic impacts. The aim of the present paper is
to show how rough methodologies used in current practice might lead to
serious faults in estimating environmental impacts. This is followed by
suggestions for improvements to these methodologies. The first suggestion
is related to indicators. Since only a limited number of these are used
presently, such as emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide,
including more indicators might prove to be helpful. Second, changes in
emissions (e.g. due to regulations) are often considered for only a
limited time horizon, so extending the time horizon for emission factors
is therefore an important improvement. Third, sometimes emission factors
from the literature or from another country/area are used, while the
circumstances are not comparable; this might lead to serious faults. Using
country‐ or region‐specific data, however, will improve the
quality of assessments. Fourth, one often ignores that the effects of a
given emission volume depend on the distance between source and receptor.
The effects due to traffic, such as particulate matter or nitrous dioxide
emissions, might then have more health impacts than emissions from
industrial or power plants, and be reason enough to include these aspects
as well. Fifth, it is suggested that categories of goods are broken down
to determine freight modes, since lorries currently transport goods with a
lower specific gravity (kilograms/volume unit) than those transported by
rail and barge. The sixth suggestion calls for inclusion of indirect
energy use and emissions resulting from the construction of vehicle and
infrastructure. While some recommendations can be implemented relatively
easily in ex ante evaluations, others will need further
research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 3-24
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416410001676861
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416410001676861
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:1:p:3-24
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: PEDRO CANTOS
Author-X-Name-First: PEDRO
Author-X-Name-Last: CANTOS
Author-Name: MERCEDES GUMBAU‐ALBERT
Author-X-Name-First: MERCEDES
Author-X-Name-Last: GUMBAU‐ALBERT
Author-Name: JOAQUÍN MAUDOS
Author-X-Name-First: JOAQUÍN
Author-X-Name-Last: MAUDOS
Title: Transport infrastructures, spillover effects and regional growth: evidence of the Spanish case
Abstract:
The impact of transport infrastructures on the economic growth of both
regions and sectors, distinguishing among modes of transport, is analysed.
An attempt is also made to capture the spillover effects associated with
transport infrastructures. Two different methodologies are used: the first
adopts an accounting approach based on a regression on indices of total
factor productivity; the second uses econometric estimates of the
production function. Very similar elasticities are obtained with both
methodologies for the private sector of the economy, both for the
aggregate capital stock of transport infrastructures and for the various
types of infrastructure. However, the disaggregated results for sectors of
production are not conclusive. The results confirm the existence of very
substantial spillover effects associated with transport infrastructures.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 25-50
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416410001676852
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416410001676852
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2003:i:1:p:25-50
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: SALLY CAIRNS
Author-X-Name-First: SALLY
Author-X-Name-Last: CAIRNS
Title: Delivering supermarket shopping: more or less traffic?
Abstract:
Car travel for food and other household items represents about 40% of all
UK shopping trips by car, and about 5% of all car use. In the past 10
years, there has been an extremely rapid growth, albeit from a very small
base, of home delivery services for such shopping. As this sector has
developed, there has been increasing concern about the growth in delivery
traffic, countered by the hope that services are reducing personal car
travel. The balance between such tendencies is critical to the overall
impact of services. The present paper examines a range of international
evidence, including the results of nine modelling assessments. The
evidence suggests that with realistic levels of take‐up, a direct
substitution of car trips by van trips could reduce vehicle‐km by
70% or more. More complex shopper behavioural responses will occur, but,
according to available empirical evidence, overall traffic reductions are
still probable. Meanwhile, the benefits of services could be maximized by
use of appropriate cost structures, new types of delivery location, less
polluting vehicles, greater cooperation or out‐sourcing by
retailers, and measures to encourage greater consumption of local produce.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 51-84
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000218391
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000218391
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:1:p:51-84
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JOHN GARDINER
Author-X-Name-First: JOHN
Author-X-Name-Last: GARDINER
Author-Name: IAN HUMPHREYS
Author-X-Name-First: IAN
Author-X-Name-Last: HUMPHREYS
Author-Name: STEPHEN ISON
Author-X-Name-First: STEPHEN
Author-X-Name-Last: ISON
Title: Freighter operators' choice of airport: a three‐stage process
Abstract:
With increasing levels of congestion at the major cargo hubs and further
restrictions on noise and night‐time flying, freighter operators'
airport choice is a complex and important issue. The aim is to identify
the factors that affect the airport choice of freighter operators through
a review of the published literature. The literature reviewed includes
work relating to passenger hub location, airport quality and airline
network configuration, and other works relating to airport choice to paint
a full picture of the current research in this area. The literature shows
that freighter operators initially choose a shortlist of possible airports
based on geography and then investigate any restrictions in place, such as
capacity caps or noise limits that might block operations from that
airport. Only when these hurdles have been cleared do freighter operators
consider attributes of airport quality such as charges and terminal
facilities, as well as other influences such as freight forwarder presence
and airport marketing. Of particular prominence is the impact of
legislation on airport choice.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 85-102
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000218409
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000218409
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:1:p:85-102
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. A. BOAME
Author-X-Name-First: K. A.
Author-X-Name-Last: BOAME
Author-Name: K. OBENG
Author-X-Name-First: K.
Author-X-Name-Last: OBENG
Title: Sources of productivity change: a Malmquist total factor productivity approach
Abstract:
Urban transit systems are faced with declining ridership and increasing
deficits in recent years. Improving the productivity of transit systems in
such unfavourable operating conditions is unquestionable. The sources of
productivity change in bus transit systems in the USA between 1985 and
1997 are investigated by using the non‐parametric Malmquist total
factor productivity index. Technical change and efficiency change improved
transit productivity. In addition, government subsidy has negative and
statistically significant correlations with the efficiency of transit
systems, and positive and significant relationships with technical change.
No statistically significant correlation was found between subsidies and
the Malmquist total factor productivity.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 103-116
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000244572
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000244572
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:1:p:103-116
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: BRIAN SLACK
Author-X-Name-First: BRIAN
Author-X-Name-Last: SLACK
Author-Name: ANTOINE FRÉMONT
Author-X-Name-First: ANTOINE
Author-X-Name-Last: FRÉMONT
Title: Transformation of port terminal operations: from the local to the global
Abstract:
The bases for the internationalization of the port terminal industry are
explored. While the industry is being transformed by the penetration of
transnational companies, there are important regional differences between
Europe and North America. In Europe, the lead actors are companies that
have arisen out of the industry itself, whereas in North America, most of
the new actors are shipping lines. The consequences of this
differentiation are substantial, since they represent fundamentally
different types of organization, one being a product of horizontal
integration based on multi‐user berth operations, the other being
an outcome of vertical integration and oriented towards dedicated berth
use. The dissimilarities are explained in terms of governance, competition
and capacity. Intraregional differences are also examined through the case
of France, where an unwillingness to open French ports to global operators
has affected the performance of those ports. The paper concludes by
discussing some of the implications of the findings, including the issue
of monopoly control of ports and the potential for conflict between the
two models of contemporary cargo handling.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 117-130
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2003
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000206051
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000206051
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2003:i:1:p:117-130
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ANTONIO ESTACHE
Author-X-Name-First: ANTONIO
Author-X-Name-Last: ESTACHE
Author-Name: ANDRÉS GÓMEZ‐LOBO
Author-X-Name-First: ANDRÉS
Author-X-Name-Last: GÓMEZ‐LOBO
Title: Limits to competition in urban bus services in developing countries
Abstract:
During the past three decades, urban public transport policy has gone
through several phases. From public ownership and monopoly provision, the
1980s and 1990s were characterized by a strong liberalization of the
sector. This experience showed the limits of liberalization of the sector
in terms of safety, prices and accountability. The paper discusses the
market failures that justify this claim and the regulatory options
available in this emerging new role of government. It illustrates how they
are being used in practice in some countries.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 139-158
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000289654
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000289654
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:2:p:139-158
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ELIAHU STERN
Author-X-Name-First: ELIAHU
Author-X-Name-Last: STERN
Author-Name: HARRY W. RICHARDSON
Author-X-Name-First: HARRY W.
Author-X-Name-Last: RICHARDSON
Title: Behavioural modelling of road users: current research and future needs
Abstract:
Despite the considerable work done on travel behaviour in general and on
driving behaviour in particular, it is argued that most of the behavioural
models still lack a cognitive explanatory mechanism of the
individual’s choice process. The paper presents a survey of recent
important research in this area from European and North American
perspectives in order to identify issues that should be studied more
closely as a base for a new research agenda. It was found that since the
human cognitive mechanism of travel decision‐making is universal,
idiosyncratic situations, cultural and societal norms can affect the
individual’s perception of constraints that will consequently
affect the whole decision‐making process. An extension of the
Decision Field Theory is proposed as a framework for a new research
agenda, which will include the effects of travel situations (e.g. timing,
dynamics and type) as well as of cultural habits and societal norms. This
theory is aimed at understanding the motivational and cognitive mechanisms
that guide a deliberation process involved in making travel decisions
under uncertainty.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 159-180
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000313638
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000313638
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:2:p:159-180
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: CHIN‐YUAN CHU
Author-X-Name-First: CHIN‐YUAN
Author-X-Name-Last: CHU
Author-Name: WEN‐CHIH HUANG
Author-X-Name-First: WEN‐CHIH
Author-X-Name-Last: HUANG
Title: Determining container terminal capacity on the basis of an adopted yard handling system
Abstract:
A comparison of container‐handling capacity on the basis of
different handling systems, yard sizes and crane characteristics is
presented. The layout of container terminals in the Taiwan ports is first
examined based on discussions with experts from different consultant
companies. A useful general equation is then derived and proposed to
calculate the total number of 20‐foot container ground slots (TGS),
or the area requirement per TGS, for different yard sizes with different
handling systems based on different equipment dimensions. The area
requirement per TGS is 32.1--35.1 m-super-2/TEU,
35.4--43.3 m-super-2/TEU and 32.9--41.2 m-super-2/TEU,
respectively, for straddle carriers system, rubber‐tyred gantry
cranes system and rail‐mounted gantry cranes system. Factors like
the dimensional characteristics of handling equipment, the container
transhipment ratio and the average container dwell times in the container
yard were incorporated into the above‐mentioned formula to compute
the annual container‐handling capacities. Such analysis can be very
useful for container terminal planning with regards to the selection of
handling technology, site location or proposed service expansions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 181-199
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000244608
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000244608
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:2:p:181-199
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: LIANA GIORGI
Author-X-Name-First: LIANA
Author-X-Name-Last: GIORGI
Author-Name: MICHAEL SCHMIDT
Author-X-Name-First: MICHAEL
Author-X-Name-Last: SCHMIDT
Title: Transalpine transport: a local problem in search of European solutions or a European problem in search of local solutions?
Abstract:
The transalpine transport problem is proving very difficult to solve and
risks becoming intractable. Can this be explained alone by the obstinate
prioritization of economic efficiency goals over environmental protection,
as the citizen protest movement would argue? Or is the problem (and
solution) to be found in the modes of governance and
decision‐making that characterize this issue? The paper seeks
answers to these questions through a review of alpine transport policy and
discourse over the last several years. The main argument is that while the
belated recognition of environmental concerns is partly to blame for the
problems faced by transalpine transport, the key issue is the absence of a
multilateral policy framework for addressing the problem and the failure
of the European Union system of governance to provide such a framework.
Transalpine transport represents a local/regional problem that requires a
European solution. The immaturity of the European scale of
decision‐making and of appropriate governance modes is the main
reason why it has become an intractable policy issue that has increased
mistrust vis‐à‐vis (European) transport policy.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 201-219
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000244581
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000244581
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:2:p:201-219
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: MUHAMMAD F. IBRAHIM
Author-X-Name-First: MUHAMMAD F.
Author-X-Name-Last: IBRAHIM
Title: Attitudes to transport modes for shopping purposes in Singapore
Abstract:
A review of the retailing and transportation literature shows that there
is an apparently large research gap in the understanding of
shoppers’ attitudes towards transport modes for shopping purposes.
In particular, not many studies have been done to examine shoppers’
detailed and disaggregated attitudinal image structures of the various
transport modes for shopping purposes. Using Singapore as a study area,
this paper has attempted to investigate shoppers’ image structure
of transport modes and their comparative perception ratings for the
various modes of transportation for shopping purposes. Using principal
component analysis, the research has unveiled the perceptions of five
transport modes for shopping purposes. While some of the factors are
unique to certain transport modes, other factors, namely
‘suitability’, ‘practicality’, ‘ease of
travel’ and ‘cost’, are common to all modes of
transportation. By way of the weighted‐factor rating, the study
found that the car recorded the highest overall perception rating while
the bus rated the lowest. In addition, the shoppers have reasonably good
perception of public transport modes in Singapore.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 221-243
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000244590
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000244590
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:2:p:221-243
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ADOLFAS BAUBLYS
Author-X-Name-First: ADOLFAS
Author-X-Name-Last: BAUBLYS
Author-Name: MARGARITA IŠORAITĖ
Author-X-Name-First: MARGARITA
Author-X-Name-Last: IŠORAITĖ
Title: Improvement of external transport cost evaluation in the context of Lithuania’s integration into the European Union
Abstract:
This paper starts by reviewing the main components of social marginal
costs and environmental costs in the context of transport, and it draws on
the experience in Europe concerning the means by which these costs can be
valued. That experience is then translated to the situation in Lithuania,
where many of the same issues are now being debated. A multicriteria
method is proposed to internalize these costs, both from the perspective
of the state and of the carriers. Costs need to be raised substantially if
the social and environmental factors are to be paid for by the transport
users, and such action would bring Lithuania closer to the best practice
currently in operation in the European Union.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 245-259
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000292597
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000292597
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:2:p:245-259
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: MARTIN SCHIEFELBUSCH
Author-X-Name-First: MARTIN
Author-X-Name-Last: SCHIEFELBUSCH
Title: Citizens’ involvement and the representation of passenger interests in public transport: Dimensions of a long‐neglected area of transport planning and policy with case studies from Germany
Abstract:
Unlike many other industries, public transport is dominated by monopoly
conditions and there is a strong political influence on the service
provided. The traditional position of its users has also been weak where
private enterprise plays a greater role. The paper analyses users' role in
this sector and proposes to allocate their interests to the political,
planning, provision and customer service levels. Suggestions for user
representation and involvement are discussed. Experience to date suggests
that competition ‘for the market’ also encourages a better
provision for passengers’ needs, although the political influence
is also likely to remain strong in the future.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 261-282
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000335904
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000335904
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:3:p:261-282
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: EVANGELOS BEKIARIS
Author-X-Name-First: EVANGELOS
Author-X-Name-Last: BEKIARIS
Author-Name: ALAN STEVENS
Author-X-Name-First: ALAN
Author-X-Name-Last: STEVENS
Title: Common risk assessment methodology for advanced driver assistance systems
Abstract:
A methodology to identify various types of risks associated with the
implementation and use of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems is presented.
It is based on a conventional Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
methodology, which has been extended so as to assess risks due to
drivers’ errors (driver behaviour) and due to legal and
organizational problems. For each type of system, the relevant failures
are identified and the following indicators are rated by experts:
severity, occurrence probability, detectability and recoverability. For
each identified type of failure, the failure effect, cause, detection and
recognition, and mitigation strategies are also defined.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 283-292
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000335797
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000335797
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:3:p:283-292
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JOAQUÍN DE CEA
Author-X-Name-First: JOAQUÍN
Author-X-Name-Last: DE CEA
Author-Name: J. ENRIQUE FERNÁNDEZ
Author-X-Name-First: J. ENRIQUE
Author-X-Name-Last: FERNÁNDEZ
Author-Name: VALÉRIE DEKOCK
Author-X-Name-First: VALÉRIE
Author-X-Name-Last: DEKOCK
Author-Name: ALEXANDRA SOTO
Author-X-Name-First: ALEXANDRA
Author-X-Name-Last: SOTO
Title: Solving network equilibrium problems on multimodal urban transportation networks with multiple user classes
Abstract:
A modelling approach for solving quite general network equilibrium
problems (with fixed trip productions and attractions) intrinsic to the
urban transport planning process is presented. The framework can consider
a variety of demand models and route choice behaviours within the same
implementation, including multiple user classes and combined travel modes
that interact on the same physical network. The demand choices are assumed
to have a hierarchical structure. When trip distribution is variable, a
doubly constrained entropy‐maximizing model is considered at the
first level of choice and a hierarchical logit model is used for the
remaining demand choices (time of departure, travel mode, transfer point
for combined modes, etc.). If trip distribution is considered to be
exogenous, the demand choices are modelled as a hierarchical logit. One of
the main features of the model is that it considers the effects of
congestion on the road network as well as congestion and capacity
constraints effects in each public transport service network. The problem
is formulated mathematically as a variational inequality, with asymmetric
cost functions, and solved following the diagonalization procedure. Each
iteration of the aforementioned procedure solves an optimization problem
using the Evans algorithm. Sufficient conditions for the existence and
uniqueness of the solution to the diagonalized problem are obtained. The
main results of a simple example (solved with an academic version of the
proposed algorithm) are presented to show the consistency of the
equilibrium flows and levels of services obtained using the model.
Finally, a real scale implementation of the model is briefly described to
show the feasibility of its application.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 293-317
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000335805
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000335805
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:3:p:293-317
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: PIET RIETVELD
Author-X-Name-First: PIET
Author-X-Name-Last: RIETVELD
Title: Six reasons why supply‐oriented indicators systematically overestimate service quality in public transport
Abstract:
Supply‐oriented measures of quality lead to a systematic
overestimate of quality as experienced by travellers in public transport.
An example is a train with an average occupation rate for seats being 50%,
where, nevertheless, the occupation rate observed by travellers is much
higher when some parts of the trajectory are busy. Similar examples are
discussed for waiting times at stops, probabilities of arriving in time,
probabilities of getting a connection and walking distances to bus stops.
A plea is then made for putting more effort in measuring
demand‐oriented quality measures.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 319-328
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000335814
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000335814
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:3:p:319-328
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. D. HUNT
Author-X-Name-First: J. D.
Author-X-Name-Last: HUNT
Author-Name: D. S. KRIGER
Author-X-Name-First: D. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: KRIGER
Author-Name: E. J. MILLER
Author-X-Name-First: E. J.
Author-X-Name-Last: MILLER
Title: Current operational urban land‐use--transport modelling frameworks: A review
Abstract:
Various alternative frameworks are available for modelling urban
land‐use--transport interaction. This paper provides a detailed
review of six of these frameworks that have been or are currently being
used to develop operational models. The intention is to indicate what is
the general nature of the current state of practice and what is now
available for practical modelling work in the area. The intention is also
to compare the current state of practice with what might be the ideal in
various respects. The six frameworks reviewed (ITLUP, MEPLAN, TRANUS,
MUSSA, NYMTC‐LUM and UrbanSim) are considered in terms of their
representations of physical systems, decision‐makers and processes,
along with various more general modelling and implementation issues. None
matches the ideal as envisaged here in all respects. However, a wide range
of policy considerations can be handled explicitly with what is available,
and more recent developments show an encouraging trend towards expansion
in the scope of what can be considered. Further strengthening of the
behavioural basis and relaxation of some of the more restrictive
assumptions would appear to be both appropriate and likely in the future.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 329-376
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164052000336470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164052000336470
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:3:p:329-376
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: FARIBA ALAMDARI
Author-X-Name-First: FARIBA
Author-X-Name-Last: ALAMDARI
Author-Name: SIMON FAGAN
Author-X-Name-First: SIMON
Author-X-Name-Last: FAGAN
Title: Impact of the adherence to the original low‐cost model on the profitability of low‐cost airlines
Abstract:
Undoubtedly, low‐cost operation has been a very successful
business model in the airline industry. Over the past 5 years, there has
been a widespread departure from the original low‐cost model
introduced by Southwest Airlines. The low‐cost carriers tended to
follow a differentiation strategy as opposed to cost leadership on which
the original low‐cost model was based. The objective of this paper
is to assess the degree by which the original low‐cost model has
been modified over the years, and to ascertain whether the degree of
adherence to the original model has any impact on the profit level of
low‐cost airlines. The performance and business models of ten
longer‐established US and European low‐cost carriers are
analysed and evaluated against the original model of Southwest Airlines.
Analysis indicates that although an increasing number of
‘hybrid’ low‐cost models are achieving low operating
costs, offering low fares and returning attractive operating profit
margins, there is a case for recommending adherence to the original model
to ensure greater profitability.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 377-392
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500038748
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500038748
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:3:p:377-392
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Kennedy
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Kennedy
Author-Name: Eric Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Author-Name: Amer Shalaby
Author-X-Name-First: Amer
Author-X-Name-Last: Shalaby
Author-Name: Heather Maclean
Author-X-Name-First: Heather
Author-X-Name-Last: Maclean
Author-Name: Jesse Coleman
Author-X-Name-First: Jesse
Author-X-Name-Last: Coleman
Title: The Four Pillars of Sustainable Urban Transportation
Abstract:
The unsustainable nature of current urban transportation and land use is
well recognized. What is less clear is the prescription for how to move
towards a more sustainable future, especially given the many interest
groups involved, the complexity of urban systems and the fragmented nature
of decision‐making in most urban regions. It is argued that the
process of achieving more sustainable transportation requires suitable
establishment of four pillars: effective governance of land use and
transportation; fair, efficient, stable funding; strategic infrastructure
investments; and attention to neighbourhood design. A review of each
pillar identifies key issues. The characteristics of an ideal body for
governance of land use and transportation are considered.
Trade‐offs are identified with: spatial representation;
organizational structure; democracy; and market philosophy. Effective
financing and pricing of urban transportation may be distorted because
responsibility for infrastructure is separated from service provision.
Financing mechanisms are categorized depending on vehicle use and
location. Investment in infrastructure for alternative fuel vehicles and
intermediate semi‐rapid transit may be required in many cities.
Major investment in public transit infrastructure will likely not suffice
if macro land use and micro neighbourhood designs are not supportive of
these investments.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 393-414
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2005
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500115835
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500115835
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2005:i:4:p:393-414
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Uwe Kunert
Author-X-Name-First: Uwe
Author-X-Name-Last: Kunert
Author-Name: Robert Follmer
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Follmer
Title: Methodological Advances in National Travel Surveys: Mobility in Germany 2002
Abstract:
In Germany, a National Travel Survey was conducted in 2002. The paper
describes the process needed to make empirical‐based decisions on
the main design characteristics of the survey. It outlines the survey
operation used in the field during 2002, reports on the relevance of
different contact strategies to minimize selectivity and
non‐response, and refers to issues of data processing and of
dissemination of the data. Finally, some key results are presented.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 415-431
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000335896
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000335896
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:4:p:415-431
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Mees
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Mees
Title: Privatization of Rail and Tram Services in Melbourne: What Went Wrong?
Abstract:
Melbourne’s urban rail and tram systems were privatized in 1999
using a concessioning or franchising model similar to that employed for
British Rail in the 1990s. The Melbourne franchise agreements promised
improved services, increased patronage, reduced government subsidies and
no real increase in fares. However, within 2 years, it became apparent
that these predictions had been over optimistic, and subsequent
negotiations saw the departure of one of the three franchisees and a
renegotiation of agreements with the remaining two operators leading to
substantial increases in subsidy levels. The paper reviews the Melbourne
privatization experience to assess the extent to which it has produced
benefits, the reasons the original predictions were not met and the extent
to which the problems were avoidable. It concludes that although the
Melbourne franchises were expressly designed legally to transfer revenue
risk to the private operators, they failed to achieve this as a matter of
practicality.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 433-449
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000335779
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000335779
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:4:p:433-449
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Ison
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Ison
Author-Name: Tom Rye
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Rye
Title: Implementing Road User Charging: The Lessons Learnt from Hong Kong, Cambridge and Central London
Abstract:
Road user charging has long been advocated as a means of dealing with
congestion in urban areas. Numerous schemes have been proposed but have
advanced little beyond the drawing board. This paper draws on the
experiences of two such road user charging schemes, namely Electronic Road
Pricing in Hong Kong, China, and Congestion Metering in the city of
Cambridge, UK, and it seeks to make comparisons with the way
implementation of congestion charging in Central London, UK, has been
undertaken. What lessons can be learnt from the three examples that would
aid authorities considering such a course of action? Certain issues have
contributed to the two schemes not being implemented, such as the level of
congestion not being severe enough, the clarity of objectives, invasion of
road user’s privacy, and timing and presentation. The paper seeks
to compare and contrast the issues resulting in the schemes not being
implemented with those of the successfully implemented scheme. The
conclusion is that it is not possible to attribute the successful
implementation of congestion charging to one issue alone. The role of a
policy champion, public support given the severity of congestion, a single
implementing agency, an understanding of the scheme’s objectives,
and timing and clear presentation have all been important factors.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 451-465
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2005
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164042000335788
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164042000335788
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2005:i:4:p:451-465
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tae‐Hyeong KWON
Author-X-Name-First: Tae‐Hyeong
Author-X-Name-Last: KWON
Author-Name: John Preston
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Preston
Title: Driving Forces behind the Growth of Per‐capita Car Driving Distance in the UK, 1970--2000
Abstract:
Abstract Although per‐capita car trip
distance (measured in passenger‐km) and car driving distance
(measured in vehicle‐km) in the UK have kept increasing, their
growth rates slowed considerably in the 1990s when compared with the 1970s
and 1980s. The paper investigates the main driving forces behind the
changes in car trip and car driving distances, and it examines the
determining factors for the slow down of growth in the 1990s on the basis
of the analysis of data from the National Travel Survey (1975/76, 1989/91,
1992/94, 1995/97 and 1999/2001). In particular, it emphasizes the
significance of changes in car ownership levels as a key driving force and
attempts to separate this ‘car ownership effect’ from other
effects. The log‐mean Divisia index decomposition method is applied
to measure the relative contribution of each effect. Separate analyses are
undertaken according to trip purpose. Other underlying causes, such as
changes in fuel price and road capacity, are also examined.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 467-490
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164052000336489
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164052000336489
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:4:p:467-490
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: CATHARINUS F. JAARSMA
Author-X-Name-First: CATHARINUS F.
Author-X-Name-Last: JAARSMA
Author-Name: HEIN BOTMA
Author-X-Name-First: HEIN
Author-X-Name-Last: BOTMA
Author-Name: RAOUL BEUNEN
Author-X-Name-First: RAOUL
Author-X-Name-Last: BEUNEN
Title: Passing Bays for Slow Moving Vehicles on Rural Two‐lane Roads
Abstract:
Abstract Slow‐moving vehicles, including
agricultural vehicles, on arterial highways can cause serious delays to
other traffic as well as posing an extra safety risk. This paper
elaborates on a small‐scale solution for these problems: the
passing bay. It investigates the impacts of a passing bay on the total
delay for other motorized vehicles, the number of passing manoeuvres and
hindered vehicles, and the mean delay per hindered vehicle. The latter is
also considered to be an indicator for traffic safety. The calculations
are performed for two characteristic trips with a slow‐moving
vehicle. The passing bay is an effective solution to reducing delays on
arterial highways when two‐way hourly volumes exceed 600--1000
vehicles. The effects depend on the trip length and speed of the
slow‐moving vehicle, and on the passing sight distance limitations
of the road. A distance of 2--4 km between the passing bays seems
an acceptable compromise between the reduction of delay for other
motorized vehicles and the extra discomfort and delay for drivers of
slow‐moving vehicles. This result also shows that passing bays are
not effective in regions where slow‐moving vehicles mainly make
trips shorter than this distance.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 491-509
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500038805
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500038805
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:4:p:491-509
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georgina Santos
Author-X-Name-First: Georgina
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos
Title: Urban Congestion Charging: A Comparison between London and Singapore
Abstract:
Abstract The congestion charging schemes in London and
Singapore are compared and assessed in the light of guidelines set out in
the Smeed Report, published by the UK Ministry of Transport in 1964, and
their performance in reducing congestion and raising net revenue. The aim
is to draw lessons for other towns and cities considering the introduction
of congestion charging. One important result from Electronic Road Pricing
in Singapore is that a per‐entry charge is more effective at
reducing congestion than a per‐day charge. It is concluded that
although Electronic Road Pricing in Singapore is more in line with the
desirable properties outlined in the Smeed Report, both schemes are part
of a wider package of transport policies, and that is probably the most
important reason for their success. The main lesson for other towns and
cities around the world considering the possibility of introducing
congestion charging is that any such scheme ought to be accompanied by
complementary measures that will provide motorists with a valid
alternative to the car.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 511-534
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500064439
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500064439
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:5:p:511-534
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Crockett
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Crockett
Author-Name: Nick Hounsell
Author-X-Name-First: Nick
Author-X-Name-Last: Hounsell
Title: Role of the Travel Factor Convenience in Rail Travel and a Framework for its Assessment
Abstract:
Abstract This paper reviews the travel factor convenience
with particular regard to rail travel. Past research has shown that
convenience is a concept readily associated with the private car and its
perceived ability to provide a door‐to‐door journey. Private
vehicles such as cars are often key competitors to public transport.
However, convenience with regard to public transport has proved to be
somewhat of an ambiguous concept, often showing a high degree of overlap
with the other main recognized travel factors. This paper shows that it is
possible to consider convenience in rail travel as an embodiment of four
themes: access/egress, station facilities/environment, frequency of
service/scheduling and interchange between train services. A list of
physically measurable elements can be produced relating to these four
themes in order to assess the convenience of any particular station. A
categorization process is proposed based upon the initial findings of a
questionnaire designed to obtain a user perspective upon convenience. It
is concluded that no definitive measure of convenience can be produced for
rail travel, although a proxy measure, based upon categorization,
containing some or all of the defined elements should be possible.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 535-555
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2005
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500064389
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500064389
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2005:i:5:p:535-555
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabeth Gouvernal
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Gouvernal
Author-Name: Julien Daydou
Author-X-Name-First: Julien
Author-X-Name-Last: Daydou
Title: Container Railfreight Services in North‐west Europe: Diversity of Organizational Forms in a Liberalizing Environment
Abstract:
Abstract The institutional environment of rail transport
has changed as a result of recent European directives, but the changes
have taken different forms from one country to another. In the case of
international maritime chains, the development of
door‐to‐door services makes inland haulage from the loading
and discharging ports extremely important, and it highlights the need to
reshape the rail freight industry. This paper analyses the degree of
involvement of different actors drawn from the maritime industry in
developing and commercializing rail services in the changing regulatory
environment. Several maritime operators, shipping lines,
port‐handling companies and port authorities have been involved in
some container rail services since the early days of liberalization. Their
commitments take very different forms, however. Whereas contracts are
mainly used for the provision of service, particularly for train haulage,
integration by means of shareholding or creating subsidiaries or joint
ventures is used for marketing. Important differences between France, the
UK, Germany and the Netherlands are detailed. In the latter two countries,
there is more involvement in the provision of rail services. Marketing
rail services appear to be the main strategic issue for the maritime
operators in all four countries
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 557-571
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2005
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500072127
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500072127
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2005:i:5:p:557-571
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bart W. Wiegmans
Author-X-Name-First: Bart W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegmans
Title: Evaluation of Potentially Successful Barge Innovations
Abstract:
Abstract The challenge in this paper is to examine to what
extent increased barge transport offers an alternative for road transport.
To increase barge transport, innovations are needed. The central issue is
as follows. Which barge innovations can be implemented successfully? The
paper reviews the most important academic literature (some of which is
scarce) on barge transport. The literature has been used as input to
evaluate the potential of barge innovations for broad market‐based
introduction. Furthermore, the innovations have been evaluated on their
potential to enlarge the barge market. The analysis leads to a number of
conclusions. The most promising innovations for a successful
broad‐based market introduction are the catalyst and filter systems
Z‐drive, Tempomaat, air‐lubricated barges, model shift
scans, Distrivaart, dedicated barges and sea--river transport. Besides the
innovation having a success potential in terms of broad‐based
market introduction, it is important that the innovation enlarges the
market for barge transport. Only three of the potential successful
innovations (Distrivaart, dedicated barges and sea--river transport) also
show the potential to enlarge the market for barge transport.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 573-589
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2005
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500092208
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500092208
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2005:i:5:p:573-589
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H. A. Nijland
Author-X-Name-First: H. A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijland
Author-Name: G. P. Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: G. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Title: Traffic Noise in Europe: A Comparison of Calculation Methods, Noise Indices and Noise Standards for Road and Railroad Traffic in Europe
Abstract:
Abstract As the international dimension of environmental
laws and legislation is gaining in importance, it has become increasingly
essential to compare and assess international data. Can international data
on noise, often produced by using different national calculation methods,
be compared? And what does it mean for (inter)national noise policy? This
paper focuses on international data on noise created by road and railroad
traffic. Research shows possible differences in the outcome of noise
calculations using different national methodologies of up to
15 dB(A). Furthermore, national noise indices and noise standards
differ considerably, making it even more difficult to compare data on
noise exposure. Therefore, harmonization of calculation methods and noise
indices, as initiated by the European Commission, is a necessary first
step. Although noise standards are left to the Member States, an effective
European noise policy would be enhanced if the same type of indices were
used for both noise‐level calculations and noise standards.
L aeq‐type indices are recommended in
this regard. Although harmonizing noise calculations and using the same
kind of indices would make noise data more comparable, it would still not
make Europe quieter. This is why noise measures, preferably at the source,
are necessary. The European Commission in Brussels plays a major role in
introducing these noise measures. Reduction of tyre noise by tightening
emission limits is the most promising option. This may be supported at the
national level by applying silent pavements. Integrating noise into
spatial planning is the most cost‐effective option at the local
level.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 591-612
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2004
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500115850
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500115850
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2004:i:5:p:591-612
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Becky P. Y. Loo
Author-X-Name-First: Becky P. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Loo
Author-Name: W. T. Hung
Author-X-Name-First: W. T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hung
Author-Name: Hong K. Lo
Author-X-Name-First: Hong K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lo
Author-Name: S. C. Wong
Author-X-Name-First: S. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Title: Road Safety Strategies: A Comparative Framework and Case Studies
Abstract:
Abstract This paper proposes a nine‐component
analytical framework for developing, comparing, and evaluating road safety
strategies. The nine components are: (1) vision; (2) objectives; (3)
targets; (4) action plan; (5) evaluation and monitoring; (6) research and
development; (7) quantitative modelling; (8) institutional framework; and
(9) funding. While the first four components are essential for the
formulation of a road safety strategy, the remaining components are key to
its successful implementation. To demonstrate the usefulness of this
comparative framework, we examine the road safety strategies of six
selected administrations: Australia, California, Great Britain, Japan, New
Zealand, and Sweden. In these case studies, we extract and highlight good
practices in the formulation and implementation of their road safety
strategies. The proposed framework also provides a systematic approach for
assessing road safety strategies in other administrations. The evaluation
of the six case studies forms a benchmarking platform for the planning,
formulation, and implementation of good practices for road safety
strategies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 613-639
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2005
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500115892
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500115892
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:25:y:2005:i:5:p:613-639
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bent Flyvbjerg
Author-X-Name-First: Bent
Author-X-Name-Last: Flyvbjerg
Author-Name: Mette K. Skamris Holm
Author-X-Name-First: Mette K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Skamris Holm
Author-Name: Søren L. Buhl
Author-X-Name-First: Søren L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Buhl
Title: Inaccuracy in Traffic Forecasts
Abstract:
Abstract This paper presents results from the first
statistically significant study of traffic forecasts in transportation
infrastructure projects. The sample used is the largest of its kind,
covering 210 projects in 14 nations worth US$58 billion. The study shows
with very high statistical significance that forecasters generally do a
poor job of estimating the demand for transportation infrastructure
projects. The result is substantial downside financial and economic risk.
Forecasts have not become more accurate over the 30‐year period
studied. If techniques and skills for arriving at accurate demand
forecasts have improved over time, as often claimed by forecasters, this
does not show in the data. For nine out of ten rail projects, passenger
forecasts are overestimated; average overestimation is 106%. For 72% of
rail projects, forecasts are overestimated by more than two‐thirds.
For 50% of road projects, the difference between actual and forecasted
traffic is more than ±20%; for 25% of road projects, the difference
is larger than ±40%. Forecasts for roads are more accurate and more
balanced than for rail, with no significant difference between the
frequency of inflated versus deflated forecasts. But for both rail and
road projects, the risk is substantial that demand forecasts are incorrect
by a large margin. The causes of inaccuracy in forecasts are different for
rail and road projects, with political causes playing a larger role for
rail than for road. The cure is more accountability and reference class
forecasting. Highly inaccurate traffic forecasts combined with large
standard deviations translate into large financial and economic risks. But
such risks are typically ignored or downplayed by planners and
decision‐makers, to the detriment of social and economic welfare.
The paper presents the data and approach with which planners may begin
valid and reliable risk assessment.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-24
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500124779
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500124779
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:1:p:1-24
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie‐HéLène Massot
Author-X-Name-First: Marie‐HéLène
Author-X-Name-Last: Massot
Author-Name: Jimmy Armoogum
Author-X-Name-First: Jimmy
Author-X-Name-Last: Armoogum
Author-Name: Patrick Bonnel
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonnel
Author-Name: David Caubel
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Caubel
Title: Potential for Car Use Reduction through a Simulation Approach: Paris and Lyon Case Studies
Abstract:
Abstract The aim of the present study is to evaluate the
possible extent of modal shifts from car use to ‘alternative
modes’ (public transport, cycling, walking) without any change in
individual patterns of activity. Its approach is based on a transfer
procedure that allows the simulation of the maximal potential market for
transport modes other than the private car. The method is based on
repeated iterations of a simulation model that assigns journeys to
transport modes other than the automobile based on a number of improved
public transport scenarios. Demand is channelled towards individual modes
(walking, cycling), public transport, and a combination of individual and
public modes, based on their relative time and distance performance. The
modal transfer procedure is applied to several transport supply scenarios,
which provide a picture of what is possible in the sphere of modal split.
Each simulation entails a potential transfer of private vehicle‐km
to each of the other modes. Even where different public transport
scenarios are simulated, the transfer is evaluated for round trips in both
the Paris and Lyon surveys. There is therefore no modification in the
activity pattern of the people surveyed nor trips induced by improvements
in transport supply. The aim is not to predict what would be the modal
split in other circumstances, but the upper limit of the shifts. This
paper presents our methodology and the principal results obtained through
numerical simulations based on figures for the Paris and Lyon
conurbations. This approach demonstrates that a policy focused on modal
shifts has the potential to reduce car use, but that this potential is
limited. Any aspiration to reduce car use further would mean changes in
the patterns and loci of activity.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 25-42
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500124787
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500124787
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:1:p:25-42
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sendy Farag
Author-X-Name-First: Sendy
Author-X-Name-Last: Farag
Author-Name: Kevin J. Krizek
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Krizek
Author-Name: Martin Dijst
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Dijst
Title: E‐Shopping and its Relationship with In‐store Shopping: Empirical Evidence from the Netherlands and the USA
Abstract:
Abstract Despite considerable examination of the impact of
telecommunications on travel, little empirical evidence sheds light on the
impact of e‐shopping on travel—a recent and increasingly
popular form of telecommunications. This paper analyses determinants of
online buying and their relationship with in‐store shopping, using
empirical data obtained from Minneapolis, USA, and Utrecht, the
Netherlands. Based on chi‐square tests and logistic and ordinary
least‐squares regressions, the results indicate that online buying
is affected by sociodemographics and spatial characteristics of people,
their Internet experience, and their attitudes towards in‐store
shopping. US respondents who prefer to see products in person are less
likely to buy online. Dutch respondents are more likely to buy online as
travel times to shops are shorter. At first sight, this counterintuitive
result might be related to an urban, innovative lifestyle that supports
e‐shopping. A more detailed analysis of Dutch online buyers reveals
that they make more shopping trips than non‐online buyers and have
a shorter shopping duration. The results indicate that the relationship
between online buying and in‐store shopping is not one of
substitution but of complementarity.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 43-61
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500158496
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500158496
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:1:p:43-61
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anvita Anand
Author-X-Name-First: Anvita
Author-X-Name-Last: Anand
Author-Name: Geetam Tiwari
Author-X-Name-First: Geetam
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiwari
Title: A Gendered Perspective of the Shelter--Transport--Livelihood Link: The Case of Poor Women in Delhi
Abstract:
Abstract Women form an important part of the workforce
originating from the slums in the city of Delhi, India. The paper
illustrates that women spend more time travelling on slower modes of
transport to access work; the faster modes are more expensive. Their
time--poverty demands they look for work at shorter distances from home.
The basic argument presented is that their ability to contribute to the
alleviation of their standard of living and their status in society is
severely curtailed by their limited mobility and the constrained
accessibility to the transport system of the city. This transport
deprivation becomes further exacerbated by the process of forced eviction
and relocation of low‐income households to the periphery of the
city, causing the women to lose livelihood opportunities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 63-80
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500175615
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500175615
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:1:p:63-80
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Milan Janic
Author-X-Name-First: Milan
Author-X-Name-Last: Janic
Title: Sustainable Transport in the European Union: A Review of the Past Research and Future Ideas
Abstract:
Abstract This paper presents a review of the research on
the sustainability of transport systems carried out over the last 15 years
for the European Union (EU), identifies some missing gaps and elaborates
on the prospective future ideas. The general concept of sustainable
development and definitions of sustainability of transport systems and
their operationalization are discussed. These are followed by the general
review of the research on the sustainable transport systems funded by the
EU 4th, 5th and 6th Framework Programs. Consequently, refinement of
existing and/or developing an innovative system for monitoring
sustainability of transport systems in the EU based on the indicator
system(s) of performances is suggested as a prospective research idea.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 81-104
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500178908
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500178908
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:1:p:81-104
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Author-Name: Timothy M. Vowles
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Vowles
Title: Carriers within Carriers: A Strategic Response to Low‐cost Airline Competition
Abstract:
Abstract This paper addresses the segmentation of brands
and markets as mainline airlines reposition themselves to meet the
challenge of low‐cost competitors through the creation of
subsidiary ‘carriers‐within‐carriers’ (CWCs)
with lower unit costs than the parent companies. The paper provides an
analysis of the CWC strategy and presents a detailed discussion of the
evolution of that strategy across space and through time (as of March
2005). This global survey establishes that legacy carriers have radically
divergent responses and attitudes to the CWC strategy and that there is
only very limited evidence that it constitutes an effective market
response to low‐cost competition.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 105-126
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500179377
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500179377
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:1:p:105-126
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caspar G. Chorus
Author-X-Name-First: Caspar G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chorus
Author-Name: Eric J. E. Molin
Author-X-Name-First: Eric J. E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Molin
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Title: Use and Effects of Advanced Traveller Information Services (ATIS): A Review of the Literature
Abstract:
Abstract Rapid technological developments in the field of
personal communication services probe visions of a next generation in
Advanced Traveller Information Services (ATIS). These technological
developments provoke a renewed interest in the use and effect of such
next‐generation ATIS among academia as well as practitioners. To
understand better the potential use and effects of such
next‐generation ATIS, a thorough review is warranted of
contemporary conceptual ideas and empirical findings on the use of travel
information (services) and their effects on travellers’ choices.
This paper presents such a review and integrates behavioural determinants
such as the role of decision strategies with manifest determinants such as
trip contexts and socio‐economic variables into a coherent
framework of information acquisition and its effect on travellers’
perceptions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 127-149
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500333677
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500333677
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:2:p:127-149
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel K. Jonsson
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jonsson
Author-Name: Jessica Johansson
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica
Author-X-Name-Last: Johansson
Title: Indirect Effects to Include in Strategic Environmental Assessments of Transport Infrastructure Investments
Abstract:
Abstract Indirect effects are important considerations
when making consequence analyses in general and in strategic environmental
assessments in particular of potential transport solutions and
infrastructure plans. The primary objective of this paper is to emphasize
the need for a deeper understanding of the long‐term system effects
of investments in transport infrastructure with a focus on the structuring
effects that roads and railways have on society, e.g. altered transport
patterns, altered settlement structures and changes in use of the built
environment. Special attention is given to the following potential
indirect effects: increased total transport volume, increased share of
private motorists and truck transport, increased urban sprawl, and
increased energy use in buildings. The conditions that determine the power
of the effects are discussed and a number of key factors to be considered
in transport infrastructure planning, especially in strategic
environmental assessments, are suggested. Since many indirect effects
emerge over time, an extended time perspective is of essence. Therefore,
scenario techniques may be useful when analysing indirect effects in
transport planning processes.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 151-166
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500332406
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500332406
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:2:p:151-166
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wei Yim Yap
Author-X-Name-First: Wei Yim
Author-X-Name-Last: Yap
Author-Name: Jasmine S. L. LAM
Author-X-Name-First: Jasmine S. L.
Author-X-Name-Last: LAM
Author-Name: Theo Notteboom
Author-X-Name-First: Theo
Author-X-Name-Last: Notteboom
Title: Developments in Container Port Competition in East Asia
Abstract:
Abstract The ports of Hong Kong, Busan and Kaohsiung have
long dominated container handling in East Asia. However, the emergence of
new transhipment and gateway hub candidates, which include Shanghai,
Shenzhen, Kwangyang and Qingdao, among others, will vie with these
incumbents for a greater share of container traffic. Some might even
unseat the incumbents. This study finds, through evidences from container
shipping services connecting the region to major markets and trade routes
between 1995 and 2001, that Mainland Chinese ports are increasingly
attractive as direct ports of call for mainline services. The evidence
also suggests that new services started by mainline operators calling at
Mainland China are bypassing Japanese and Taiwanese ports. Nonetheless,
these services continue to call at Hong Kong. Although the composition of
containers handled at Mainland Chinese ports consists largely of gateway
cargo, these ports are expected to handle a rising share of transhipment
traffic.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 167-188
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500271117
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500271117
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:2:p:167-188
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chin‐Shan Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Chin‐Shan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Author-Name: Kee‐Hung Lai
Author-X-Name-First: Kee‐Hung
Author-X-Name-Last: Lai
Author-Name: T. C. E. Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: T. C. E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Title: Adoption of Internet Services in Liner Shipping: An Empirical Study of Shippers in Taiwan
Abstract:
Abstract The Internet service attributes desired by
shippers were examined as well as a model that seeks to explain the
intention of shippers to use Internet services in liner shipping. Using
data collected from a survey of a group of shippers in Taiwan, the
relationships among the constructs in the model were tested, namely:
perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, security and use intention.
The results suggest that shippers perceive tracing to be the most
important service attribute of Internet services, followed by checking for
customs clearance, vessel schedules and electronic document services. The
findings indicate that perceived ease of use is the major factor affecting
the intention of shippers to use Internet services, and that perceived
ease of use has a strong positive effect on perceived usefulness. The
results also indicate that security has a positive effect on a
shipper’s perception of ease of use. However, the influence of
security on use intention and perceived usefulness was not supported in
this study. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings on
the intention of shippers to use Internet services in liner shipping are
discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 189-206
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500246713
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500246713
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:2:p:189-206
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mikko Punakivi
Author-X-Name-First: Mikko
Author-X-Name-Last: Punakivi
Author-Name: Ville Hinkka
Author-X-Name-First: Ville
Author-X-Name-Last: Hinkka
Title: Selection Criteria of Transportation Mode: A Case Study in Four Finnish Industry Sectors
Abstract:
Abstract This paper takes a closer look at the very basics
of logistics and it analyses the selection criteria of transportation
services from the industrial point of view as the main research problem.
It also tries to establish a better understanding of which industrial
sectors are using which mode of logistics services and why. According to
the analysis, the high value and especially high price/kg ratio of
products, short life cycles and worldwide markets are typical reasons to
use rapid modes of transport. The high price/kg ratio of products and the
short life cycles, for example in the electronics industry, cause high
price erosion and support selecting transport based on speed, as
proportional transport costs remain small, even when using expensive
transportation modes. Based on the results, some of the future logistics
needs were identified, and the aim is to help logistics service providers
offer the exact services needed, providing better competitiveness for
Finnish shipping companies operating in global markets. Logistics service
providers are, for example, expected to have more powerful supply chain
management capabilities than a single‐service provider can
typically offer. Additionally, logistics service providers should have
compatible operating systems with different parties of various supply
chains to enable deliveries to different customer groups according to
their industry’s required speed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 207-219
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500191638
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500191638
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:2:p:207-219
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Potter
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Potter
Author-Name: Marcus Enoch
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Enoch
Author-Name: Tom Rye
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Rye
Author-Name: Colin Black
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Black
Author-Name: Barry Ubbels
Author-X-Name-First: Barry
Author-X-Name-Last: Ubbels
Title: Tax Treatment of Employer Commuting Support: An International Review
Abstract:
Abstract Correctly pricing transport behaviour to take
account of the ‘external’ costs such as congestion and
emissions imposed on society by excessive car use has long been a tenet of
effective transportation demand management. But while policy‐makers
have striven to increase public transport subsidies, raise petrol taxes
and introduce road‐user charging schemes to price the real costs of
car travel properly, in most cases correcting the wider influences of the
personal tax regime has begun only relatively recently. This paper is
based on work undertaken for the Department of the Environment, Transport
and the Regions, and the Inland Revenue of the UK government, which is
currently working on addressing this very issue. In addition to reporting
the British situation, the paper also uses a series of case studies to
outline how this same process has been approached in the USA, Ireland,
Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Norway, and how successful they
have been thus far with respect to transportation demand management
objectives. It then draws conclusions about which direction
policy‐makers should be aiming for in the future.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 221-237
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500184385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500184385
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:2:p:221-237
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gust Blauwens
Author-X-Name-First: Gust
Author-X-Name-Last: Blauwens
Author-Name: Nico Vandaele
Author-X-Name-First: Nico
Author-X-Name-Last: Vandaele
Author-Name: Eddy Van de Voorde
Author-X-Name-First: Eddy
Author-X-Name-Last: Van de Voorde
Author-Name: Bert Vernimmen
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Vernimmen
Author-Name: Frank Witlox
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox
Title: Towards a Modal Shift in Freight Transport? A Business Logistics Analysis of Some Policy Measures
Abstract:
Abstract This paper analyses the effectiveness of policy
measures aimed at triggering a modal shift in the freight transport
market. The analysis is based on the inventory‐theoretic framework
that studies modal choice from a business logistics viewpoint. The crux of
the inventory‐theoretic approach lies in the fact that explicit
attention is paid to all costs in the supply chain that are affected by
the choice of transport mode. After a brief literature review on the
inventory‐theoretic framework, the framework is used to calculate
the market shares of different freight transport modes for a hypothetical
transport market. In a second step, the impact of some policy measures on
the market shares of the transport modes is calculated. By way of
illustration, the analysis is applied to the market for container
transport from a seaport to its hinterland. It is shown that a combination
of certain policy measures can lead to significant modal shifts from road
transport to intermodal transport.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 239-251
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500335565
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500335565
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:2:p:239-251
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean Shaoul
Author-X-Name-First: Jean
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaoul
Author-Name: Anne Stafford
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Stafford
Author-Name: Pamela Stapleton
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela
Author-X-Name-Last: Stapleton
Title: Highway Robbery? A Financial Analysis of Design, Build, Finance and Operate (DBFO) in UK Roads
Abstract:
Abstract The ex‐post facto cost of
using private finance in roads is examined using a case study approach.
The paper focuses on the first eight design, build, finance and operate
(DBFO) roads commissioned by the UK Government’s Highways Agency
and paid for through a system of shadow tolls. It carries out a financial
analysis of the publicly available accounting information from the
Highways Agency and its private sector partners for the first 6 years
since the start of the 30‐year schemes in 1997. Publicly available
financial information about the schemes was found to be limited and
opaque. In 3 years, the Highways Agency had paid more than the
construction cost. It was unclear whether the payments were higher than
expected at financial close. Its private sector partners reported a
post‐tax return on capital of 29% and an effective cost of capital
of 11% in 2002, twice the cost of public finance. However, operating
through a complex web of subcontracting creates additional, undisclosed
sources of profit for their parent companies that make it difficult to
establish the total cost of using private finance. The paper questions the
wisdom of using private finance by providing evidence about the cost,
including the cost of risk transfer.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 257-274
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500415243
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500415243
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:3:p:257-274
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff Rose
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose
Title: Mobile Phones as Traffic Probes: Practices, Prospects and Issues
Abstract:
Abstract The provision of road‐based
travel‐time information often relies on speed data collected from
inductive loops imbedded in the pavement. While inductive loops are
commonly installed on urban freeways, they are neither configured nor
ideally located to provide speed data on arterial roads. Dissemination of
dynamic, network‐wide travel information to road users is,
therefore, likely to require alternative data collection techniques. This
review considers the state of practice in relation to using mobile phones
as traffic probes, assesses the prospects for this data collection option
and identifies unresolved issues that may have implications for obtaining
real‐time traffic information using mobile phones as probes. The
use of mobile phones as traffic probes is appealing because the necessary
infrastructure is already in place in most urban areas. Traffic speed
information can be obtained by passively monitoring data transmission in
the mobile phone network. International experience provides encouraging
signs about the potential of mobile phones as traffic probes. Issues still
to be resolved include potential public concerns about privacy, growing
awareness of the road safety implications of mobile phone use and the need
to understand better the quality of the data obtained from mobile phone
probes.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 275-291
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500361108
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500361108
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:3:p:275-291
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Bickel
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Bickel
Author-Name: Rainer Friedrich
Author-X-Name-First: Rainer
Author-X-Name-Last: Friedrich
Author-Name: Heike Link
Author-X-Name-First: Heike
Author-X-Name-Last: Link
Author-Name: Louise Stewart
Author-X-Name-First: Louise
Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart
Author-Name: Chris Nash
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Nash
Title: Introducing Environmental Externalities into Transport Pricing: Measurement and Implications
Abstract:
Abstract It is European Commission policy to charge modes
of transport according to the marginal social cost of their use of the
infrastructure, including environmental costs. However, progress in
implementing this process has been slow, partly because of the difficulty
of measuring and valuing these costs. This need has led to a great deal of
research in this area in recent years. The paper presents the results of
some of this research, and in particular of the European
Commission‐funded Unification of Accounts and Marginal Costs for
Transport Efficiency (UNITE) project. UNITE used the Impact Pathway
Approach developed in the ExternE project series to provide a
bottom‐up methodology for the estimation and valuation of marginal
social costs of transport, taking into account the diversity of
circumstances in terms of location (e.g. population density, and speed and
direction of winds) and time of day. The paper first explains the approach
used for the measurement and valuation of environmental costs and then
presents results on both total and marginal costs. It then discusses the
results of a parallel project using the same methodology that estimated
the marginal social cost of road use at a very disaggregate level for
different vehicle types, locations, types of road and times of day for
Great Britain. The results show that off the main network and outside the
conurbations, private cars are currently overcharged, but elsewhere they
are charged too little, particularly in the main conurbations. Buses, and
even more so heavy goods vehicles, are undercharged to a greater extent.
Only a kilometre‐based charging system capable of charging at
different rates by vehicle type, type and location of road, and time of
day is capable of reflecting all these differences; due to the development
of global positioning satellite (GPS) technology, such systems are now
becoming available.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 389-415
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600602039
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600602039
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:4:p:389-415
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abigail L. Bristow
Author-X-Name-First: Abigail L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bristow
Author-Name: Mark Wardman
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Wardman
Title: Valuation of Aircraft Noise by Time of Day: A Comparison of Two Approaches
Abstract:
Abstract The paper reports on an innovative application of
stated preference techniques to derive values of aircraft noise by time of
day and by day of week. Revealed preference techniques cannot provide such
segmentations, which would clearly be of use in policy development,
especially relating to airport operations. Given the lack of research on
this issue, the work reported herein is highly experimental. Two stated
preference experiments were designed. The first focused on a single time
period, whilst the second asked respondents to trade between time periods.
Both approaches yielded results that are plausible and mutually consistent
in terms of relative values by time period. It is concluded that stated
preference techniques are particularly useful in this context where the
use of aggregated values may lead to non‐optimal policy decisions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 417-433
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600602096
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600602096
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:4:p:417-433
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sergio R. Jara‐Díaz
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jara‐Díaz
Author-Name: Cristián Vergara
Author-X-Name-First: Cristián
Author-X-Name-Last: Vergara
Author-Name: Tristán Gálvez
Author-X-Name-First: Tristán
Author-X-Name-Last: Gálvez
Title: Methodology to Calculate Social Values for Air Pollution Using Discrete Choice Models
Abstract:
Abstract A new methodology for the estimation of social
values of urban air pollution for project appraisal is proposed. This is
performed by using individual perceptions (marginal disutilities) of those
who are directly affected by this externality, which are then transformed
into social values using the social welfare approach developed by
Gálvez and Jara‐Díaz in 1998. The approach also unveils the
implicit social bias behind the commonly accepted
willingness‐to‐pay measures. The method is illustrated using
individual perceptions obtained from stated preference experiments within
the context of residential location including three attributes: an
objective measure of air pollution by zone of the city, an index of family
accessibility to work and study, and the monthly rent. Discrete
residential choice models were estimated by income group, from which
indirect utility functions were obtained. Marginal disutilities were used
to obtain social values of air pollution for each income group by means of
the calculation of a social utility of money. The methodological
underpinnings and difficulties of the approach are specially highlighted.
The need to establish a national programme for the estimation of social
values is emphasized.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 435-449
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600602203
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600602203
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:4:p:435-449
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Riccardo Scarpa
Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Scarpa
Author-Name: Kenneth G. Willis
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Willis
Title: Distribution of Willingness‐to‐Pay for Speed Reduction with Non‐positive Bidders: Is Choice Modelling Consistent with Contingent Valuation?
Abstract:
Abstract The paper addresses the issue of consistency
between two commonly employed stated preference data—referendum
contingent valuation (CV) and discrete choice modelling (CM)—with
respect to estimated distributions of individual
willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) for non‐market goods. The
policy context is that of a local externality: effective speed reduction
by means of traffic‐calming in towns crossed by fast roads. In
particular, data from two independent samples of the same population are
contrasted. The findings show that both methods indicate that speed
reduction via traffic‐calming is valued in a polarized fashion.
Results from both methods are consistent with the presence of two groups
of preferences: a larger group holding positive values and a smaller one
with non‐positive values. While the estimates of the relative
proportions of the two groups are similar across the two data sources,
once the econometric analysis of the CM responses allows for polarized
preferences the estimates of the distribution of individual WTP differ
substantially. The results from the choice modelling survey indicate that
residents are also willing to pay for other benefits from
traffic‐calming, such as noise reduction and a decreased waiting
time for crossing, but preferences for these are also polarized, with WTP
for aesthetic improvements being positive only for those supporting
effective speed control. In comparing distributions of value estimates
from CM and CV, surveys practitioners should account for the effects of
taste heterogeneity over externalities and take advantage of the ability
to derive individual‐specific WTP estimates from panel estimation
rather than simply deriving estimates for common features of the WTP
distribution.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 451-469
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600602252
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600602252
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:4:p:451-469
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luis I. Rizzi
Author-X-Name-First: Luis I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzi
Author-Name: Juan de Dios Ortúzar
Author-X-Name-First: Juan de Dios
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortúzar
Title: Estimating the Willingness‐to‐Pay for Road Safety Improvements
Abstract:
Abstract The value of road safety is the fundamental input
in social cost--benefit analysis of road safety schemes. It is also an
increasingly important input in the social evaluation of almost any
transport infrastructure project. This value is given by the amount that
people are willing to pay for reducing the risk of a becoming a fatal
victim or of suffering a serious injury. Traditionally, road safety
willingness‐to‐pay has been estimated by means of contingent
valuation and other surveys without making explicit reference to a
particular travel demand context. The paper advocates the use of stated
choice techniques that allow one to recreate the context of a particular
trip customized to the respondent’s past experience. For this and
other reasons, it is argued that the proposed method is clearly superior
to previous methods for estimating people’s
willingness‐to‐pay for improved road safety. The paper also
provides a summary of the Chilean experience on road safety valuation
using stated choice techniques; and it concludes by showing the importance
of conducting local studies to elicit people’s willingness to pay
for safety.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 471-485
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600602302
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600602302
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:4:p:471-485
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pere Riera
Author-X-Name-First: Pere
Author-X-Name-Last: Riera
Author-Name: Abir Mhawej
Author-X-Name-First: Abir
Author-X-Name-Last: Mhawej
Author-Name: Robert Mavsar
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Mavsar
Author-Name: Raul Brey
Author-X-Name-First: Raul
Author-X-Name-Last: Brey
Title: Fixed‐effects Hedonic Price Model for Statistical Value of Live Estimations
Abstract:
Abstract Relatively little attention has been given to the
differences in value of statistical life (VSL) from developed and less
developed countries. The paper derives a cross‐countries VSL
estimate based on road fatality accidents and it provides a test to check
for such differences. Estimations were obtained from a fixed‐effect
hedonic price model applied to a panel of data using new and
second‐hand car prices from 27 countries as a dependent variable.
The VSL estimate of e6.63 million is in line with results from other
studies; and the income elasticity of VSL between countries is close to
unity, implying that VSL is approximately proportional to income.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 487-500
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600602336
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600602336
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:4:p:487-500
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marc Gaudry
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaudry
Title: Life, Limb and Bumper Trade‐offs Calculable from Road Accident Models: An Empirical Multimoment Portfolio Analysis and Life Asset Pricing Model (LAPM)
Abstract:
Abstract The paper provides an empirical trade‐off
analysis among the first three moments of road accident frequencies, and
it is demonstrated that road drivers can be understood as behaving with
respect to road accidents as investors trading among the various moments
of the return of a financial asset, as they attach utility to at least
three moments of the accident probability in conformity with
Allais’s view. The method effectively proposes an empirical Life
Asset Pricing Model (LAPM), i.e. a revealed preference alternative,
derived directly from driver behaviour on the road itself, to the less
direct human capital and willingness‐to‐pay approaches to
the valuation of human life, termed ‘value of a statistical
life’, in road risk analyses. The analysis, which is applicable in
principle to any accident regression model, but performed here with two
Demand for Road Use, Accidents and their Gravity (DRAG)‐type
aggregate time series models, respectively, for Quebec, Canada, and
western Germany, shows amazing similarities in the estimated rates of
substitution among accidents of various severity levels within each
region, as well as amazing dissimilarities between the regions in the
asymmetry of the sample distributions pertaining to bodily injury
accidents. For Quebec, where the fully documented model in official use
has a long history of successful explanation and forecasting of the number
and severity of road accidents, the rates of substitution among the
accident frequencies of different categories imply that official Canadian
human live valuations used in network accounts are too low (and the
computed social cost recovery of roads too high), and that there exists a
market for drivers willing to pay more for reduced driving risks than is
assumed by road authorities on their behalf.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 501-520
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2006
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600688616
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600688616
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2006:i:4:p:501-520
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Integrating Accident and Travel Delay Externalities in an Urban Speed Reduction Context
Abstract:
Abstract Accident externality costs remain controversial
in terms of their costing and valuation. Much of the literature on
accident and travel delay externalities treats each source as mutually
exclusive and additive, yet common sense suggests that interdependencies
prevail. One example of this is the recognition that accident
externalities are not independent of travel delays, and hence travel time
savings and losses are influenced by policy designed to reduce the risk of
exposure to accidents. Reduced maximum speed limit restrictions also add
costs in terms of loss of travel time (and increased speed limits produce
travel time benefits). Also, lowered speed limits may lead to more drivers
risking exceeding the speed limit because of perceived time loss, thereby
exacerbating the potential for accidents. The paper takes a close look at
the empirical relationship between accident and travel delay externalities
in an urban setting, accounting for the risk‐compensating behaviour
under conditions of greater accident risk. Recognizing that levels of risk
in an urban setting are broadly a function of traffic densities and that
the latter can be approximated by the mix of free flow and non‐free
flow travel time (for a given total travel time), an aggregate marginal
externality cost function is used to quantify empirically the input
elements in the context of a driver’s choice between a free and a
tolled route in Sydney, Australia. This discrete choice context is
sufficient, given an externally established relationship between speed and
traffic density, to quantify the marginal externality accident and travel
time delay costs. It is shown what additional externality has to be
factored into the accident costs to recognize the other sources of
externality typically ignored in accident costing and speed restriction
studies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 521-534
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600602369
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600602369
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:4:p:521-534
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter Næss
Author-X-Name-First: Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Næss
Author-Name: Bent Flyvbjerg
Author-X-Name-First: Bent
Author-X-Name-Last: Flyvbjerg
Author-Name: Søren Buhl
Author-X-Name-First: Søren
Author-X-Name-Last: Buhl
Title: Do Road Planners Produce More ‘Honest Numbers’ than Rail Planners? An Analysis of Accuracy in Road‐traffic Forecasts in Cities versus Peripheral Regions
Abstract:
Abstract Based on a review of available data from a
database on large‐scale transport infrastructure projects, this
paper investigates the hypothesis that traffic forecasts for road links in
Europe are geographically biased with underestimated traffic volumes in
metropolitan areas and overestimated traffic volumes in remote regions.
The present data do not support this hypothesis. Since previous studies
have shown a strong tendency to overestimated forecasts of the number of
passengers on new rail projects, it could be speculated that road planners
are more skilful and/or honest than rail planners. However, during the
period when the investigated projects were planned (up to the late 1980s),
there were hardly any strong incentives for road planners to make biased
forecasts in order to place their projects in a more flattering light.
Future research might uncover whether the change from the ‘predict
and provide’ paradigm to ‘predict and prevent’
occurring in some European countries in the 1990s has influenced the
accuracy of road traffic forecasts in metropolitan areas.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 537-555
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500532005
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500532005
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:5:p:537-555
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nils O. E. Olsson
Author-X-Name-First: Nils O. E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Olsson
Title: Impact Analysis of Railway Projects in a Flexibility Perspective
Abstract:
Abstract In a multiple case study, using both quantitative
and qualitative data, the traffic impact of four Norwegian railway
investment projects was analysed, focusing on the development of
punctuality, frequency, travel time, number of travellers and construction
cost. Front‐end ex‐ante predictions are compared with
observed ex‐post outcome. Key success criteria for realization of
planned benefits in the studied railway investment projects have been a
combination of infrastructure development and acceptance for timetable
adjustments. Investments that are executed in a large‐scale
continuous construction process appear to be more likely to achieve such
acceptance compared with investments built and decided upon section by
section. Of the studied projects, section‐by‐section
commitment to investments provided a better cost control than what was the
case for continuous construction projects. In addition, this study points
to challenges in realizing travel time reductions in a system with a
combination of single tracks and high capacity utilization of double
tracks. It is advised to clarify in appraisal documentation that benefits
related to railway infrastructure investments are depending on appropriate
timetable adjustments. The results indicate that a flexibility option (to
sequence a decision process) may actually reduce the benefit potential of
an investment.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 557-569
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2006
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600558231
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600558231
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2006:i:5:p:557-569
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dewan M. Z. Islam
Author-X-Name-First: Dewan M. Z.
Author-X-Name-Last: Islam
Author-Name: John Dinwoodie
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Dinwoodie
Author-Name: M. Roe
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Roe
Title: Promoting Development through Multimodal Freight Transport in Bangladesh
Abstract:
Abstract Development emanating from international trade
and investment in many least‐developed economies is impeded by
inland freight transport systems that restrict multimodal transport.
Increasing international trade may raise gross domestic product,
generating increased demand for internal containerized cargo movements,
but the requisite transport infrastructure is lacking. The paper explores
impediments to developing effective multimodal transport and possible
solutions in Bangladesh, which is an extreme case in point. It reports
applications of Delphi techniques that explored local expert opinions
regarding policies required to tackle such impediments. A panel of
corporate executives perceived a changing inland transport system poorly
suited to efficient origin‐to‐destination cargo movements in
international supply chains. To promote further development, customs
procedures must be streamlined and Bangladeshi shippers must adopt a
door‐to‐door transport system.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 571-591
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2006
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600576902
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600576902
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2006:i:5:p:571-591
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moshe Givoni
Author-X-Name-First: Moshe
Author-X-Name-Last: Givoni
Title: Development and Impact of the Modern High‐speed Train: A Review
Abstract:
Abstract The inauguration of the Shinkansen
high‐speed train service between Tokyo and Osaka, Japan, at 210 kph
maximum operating speed some 40 years ago marked the comeback of the train
as an important passenger mode of transport. Since then high‐speed
train (HST) services have been introduced in many countries and are
planned in many more, and the train has once more become the dominant mode
of transport on many routes. This review summarizes the different elements
of HST operation with the aim of characterizing HST operation and putting
in context its impact in terms of what it is best designed for and what it
can deliver. The review concludes that the HST is best designed to
substitute conventional railway services on routes where much higher
capacity is required and to reduce travel time, further improving the
railway service, also against other modes, therefore leading to mode
substitution. However, the high investment in HST infrastructure could not
be justified based on its economic development benefits since these are
not certain. Finally, the following definition for HST services is
suggested: high capacity and frequency railway services achieving an
average speed of over 200 kph.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 593-611
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2006
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600589319
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600589319
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2006:i:5:p:593-611
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Víctor Cantillo
Author-X-Name-First: Víctor
Author-X-Name-Last: Cantillo
Author-Name: Juan de Dios Ortúzar
Author-X-Name-First: Juan de Dios
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortúzar
Title: Implications of Thresholds in Discrete Choice Modelling
Abstract:
Abstract Individual choices are affected by complex
factors and the challenge consists of how to incorporate these factors in
order to improve the realism of the modelling work. The presence of
limits, cut‐offs or thresholds in the perception and appraisal of
both attributes and alternatives is part of the complexity inherent to
choice‐making behaviour. The paper considers the existence of
thresholds in three contexts: inertia (habit or reluctance to change),
minimum perceptible changes in attribute values, and as a mechanism for
accepting or rejecting alternatives. It discusses the more relevant
approaches in modelling these types of thresholds and analyses their
implications in model estimation and forecasting using both synthetic and
real databanks. It is clear from the analysis that if thresholds exist but
are not considered, the estimated models will be biased and may produce
significant errors in prediction. Fortunately, there are practical methods
to attack this problem and some are demonstrated.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 667-691
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2005
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640500487275
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640500487275
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2005:i:6:p:667-691
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wanpen Charoentrakulpeeti
Author-X-Name-First: Wanpen
Author-X-Name-Last: Charoentrakulpeeti
Author-Name: Edsel Sajor
Author-X-Name-First: Edsel
Author-X-Name-Last: Sajor
Author-Name: Willi Zimmermann
Author-X-Name-First: Willi
Author-X-Name-Last: Zimmermann
Title: Middle‐class Travel Patterns, Predispositions and Attitudes, and Present‐day Transport Policy in Bangkok, Thailand
Abstract:
Abstract Middle‐class expansion and new consumption
patterns have increasingly become an important focus of studies of the
development and change in newly industrialized and
middle‐income‐developing East and South East Asian
countries. However, there is still a dearth of studies in the literature
particularly focusing on middle‐class travel patterns,
predispositions and transport policy preferences. Nor have the
implications of these factors on current transport and land development
policy been examined. The present exploratory study addresses this gap by
examining three cases in Bangkok, Thailand, which in recent decades
witnessed dramatic middle‐class expansion, an increase in private
motor vehicle population, and spatial diffusion of middle‐class
residences into lower‐density zones in the suburbs. By mainly
employing a survey method of data‐gathering and quantitative
research analysis, the paper discusses the following findings: (1) that
middle‐class travel behaviour is characterized by a high dependence
on private motor vehicle travel and ‘inward commuting’; (2)
that middle‐class preferences for transport mode and attitudes
about remedial policy options are generally protective of their
members’ car‐dependence and ownership; and (3) that present
policy measures of the Thai government on Bangkok transport perfectly fit
and support exclusively middle‐ and upper‐class
predispositions and stakes in mobility. These findings in a developing
country city basically follow a similar profile to be found in
middle‐class‐dominant transport patterns and urban form in a
number of North American cities. This paper further argues that in a
developing country city such as Bangkok, where marked social
differentiation and the combined population of poor and low‐income
classes still comprise almost half of the urban social landscape despite
an expanding middle‐class, an adequate and good public transport
system that also meets the former’s need for efficient mobility is
an imperative.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 693-712
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2006
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600746927
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600746927
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2006:i:6:p:693-712
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Morrell
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrell
Author-Name: William Swan
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Swan
Title: Airline Jet Fuel Hedging: Theory and Practice
Abstract:
Abstract Most international airlines hedge fuel costs, but
the theoretical justification behind this action is weak. The paper
explores the nature and extent of airline fuel hedging and asks why
airlines hedge. The availability of hedging instruments is first
discussed, with the most liquid markets in crude and exchange traded
contracts. Aviation fuel contracts are possible, but with
counter‐party risk. Most major passenger airlines with sufficient
cash and credit now hedge at least part of their future needs. Hedging
does protect profits against a sudden upturn in crude prices caused by
political and consumer uncertainty leading to slower economic growth.
However, if higher oil prices are induced by strong economic growth and
oil supply constraints, hedging increases volatility with hedging gains
reinforcing improved profits from higher traffic and improved yields. If
hedging does not reduce volatility, it may still have an accounting role
in moving profits from one time period to another, insure against
bankruptcy, and signal the competence of management to investors and other
stakeholders.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 713-730
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2006
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600679524
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600679524
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2006:i:6:p:713-730
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cynthia Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Cynthia
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Jie (Jane) Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Jie (Jane)
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Title: Making an Informed Vehicle Scrappage Decision
Abstract:
Abstract According to the US Federal Highway
Administration (FHWA), the number of publicly owned vehicles in the USA
reached 3 913 999 in 2003. In order to maintain a stable vehicle fleet,
government agencies must repeatedly make vehicle scrappage decisions
because older vehicles must first retire to make room for newer vehicles.
Typically, these decisions are made based on a deterministic ranking
evaluation model to select candidate vehicles for replacement. The paper
applied an objective and probabilistic method to a vehicle dataset
collected by the DuPage County Forest Preserve District ((DCFPD), in the
state of Illinois). A Weibull‐form survival model with
time‐varying covariate and unobserved heterogeneity was estimated
on the dataset. The results suggest that in addition to the fact that
vehicle age is negatively related to the vehicle’s survival
probability, there are other variables that also appear influential. The
survival probabilities of alternative fuel vehicles are similar to those
of reformulated unleaded gasoline vehicles. The results suggest that a
probabilistic and objective model can benefit government agencies in their
vehicle scrappage decisions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 731-748
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2006
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600752545
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600752545
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2006:i:6:p:731-748
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kang‐Rae Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Kang‐Rae
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Excess Commuting: A Critical Review
Abstract:
Abstract Excess commuting is the additional
journey‐to‐work travel represented by the difference between
the actual average commute and the smallest possible average commute,
given the spatial configuration of workplace and residential sites.
Research on excess commuting has been carried out over the last 20 years
since the seminal contribution of Hamilton (1982). The literature has
generated much debate and controversy, and the purpose of this review
paper is to assess that material critically under three main headings:
contextual, methodological and policy‐related issues. The key
contextual questions relate to the assumptions of transport optimization
or cost minimization, socio‐economic factors, and how these are
linked to urban spatial structure. The methodological issues cover spatial
structure, aggregation, time or distance measures, and the boundary
problem, whilst the policy‐oriented questions relate to the
understanding of the effects of taking particular actions, including the
behavioural response to policy initiatives.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 749-767
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2006
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600782609
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600782609
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2006:i:6:p:749-767
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zbigniew Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Zbigniew
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Book Review
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 769-771
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2006
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600765117
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600765117
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:26:y:2006:i:6:p:769-771
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Perl
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: Perl
Author-Name: James A. Dunn
Author-X-Name-First: James A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dunn
Title: Reframing Automobile Fuel Economy Policy in North America: The Politics of Punctuating a Policy Equilibrium
Abstract:
Abstract The USA and Canada generate over one‐third
of the transportation‐related emissions of carbon dioxide in the
world. Motor vehicles produce a majority of these emissions. This paper
examines how the US Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) regulatory
standard for light‐duty vehicles has established an underlying fuel
economy policy paradigm for the highly integrated North American
automotive sector. While these standards pushed North American vehicle
fuel efficiency higher in the late 1970s and early 1980s, the standards
have not been significantly increased since 1985. The paper details the
institutional, economic and political factors that have blocked higher
CAFE standards. It describes difficulties with the legal efforts to shift
the main venue of fuel economy regulation from the US federal government
to the state of California. In light of the Canadian tradition of
establishing voluntary agreements between the government and the auto
manufacturers in lieu of formal regulation, it assesses the possibility
that the voluntary agreement on reducing automotive greenhouse gas
emissions signed between Ottawa and Canadian auto manufacturers in April
2005 will be a step toward a new style of negotiated advances in fuel
economy and greenhouse gas reduction goals throughout North America.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-35
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600821308
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600821308
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:1:p:1-35
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan C. McKinnon
Author-X-Name-First: Alan C.
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinnon
Title: Decoupling of Road Freight Transport and Economic Growth Trends in the UK: An Exploratory Analysis
Abstract:
Abstract Between 1997 and 2004, gross domestic product
increased in real terms in the UK by one‐fifth, while the volume of
road freight movement remained stable. This suggests that the
long‐awaited decoupling of economic and freight transport growth
has begun, possibly leading to a new era of sustainable logistics. This
paper reviews previous research on the decoupling issue and recent trends
in gross domestic product/freight tonne‐km elasticities in Europe
and the USA. It then examines 12 possible causes of the observed
decoupling in the UK using published statistics from a wide range of
British and European sources. This analysis indicates that around
two‐thirds of the decoupling is due to three factors whose impact
can be quantified: the increased penetration of the British road haulage
market by foreign operators, a decline in road transport’s share of
the freight market, and real increases in road freight rates. Several
other factors, most notably the relative growth of the service sector, the
diminishing rate of centralization, and the off‐shoring of
manufacturing, appear to be having a significant effect, though this
finding cannot be measured on the basis of available statistics. The paper
concludes that, while the decoupling is in the right direction from a
public policy standpoint, the net environmental benefits are likely to be
quite modest.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 37-64
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600825952
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600825952
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:1:p:37-64
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tomer Toledo
Author-X-Name-First: Tomer
Author-X-Name-Last: Toledo
Title: Driving Behaviour: Models and Challenges
Abstract:
Abstract Driving behaviour models capture drivers’
tactical manoeuvring decisions in different traffic conditions. These
models are essential to microscopic traffic simulation systems. The paper
reviews the state‐of‐the‐art in the main areas of
driving behaviour research: acceleration, lane changing and gap
acceptance. Overall, the main limitation of current models is that in many
cases they do not adequately capture the sophistication of drivers: they
do not capture the interdependencies among the decisions made by the same
drivers over time and across decision dimensions; they represent
instantaneous decision‐making, which fails to capture
drivers’ planning and anticipation capabilities; and only capture
myopic considerations that do not account for extended driving goals and
considerations. Furthermore, most models proposed in the literature were
not estimated rigorously. In many cases, this is due to the limited
availability of detailed trajectory data, which are required for
estimation. Hence, data availability poses a significant obstacle to the
advancement of driving behaviour modelling.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 65-84
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600823940
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600823940
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:1:p:65-84
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Gaunt
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaunt
Author-Name: Tom Rye
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Rye
Author-Name: Simon Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Title: Public Acceptability of Road User Charging: The Case of Edinburgh and the 2005 Referendum
Abstract:
Abstract In February 2005 residents of Edinburgh in
Scotland, UK, were given the opportunity to vote in a referendum on the
introduction of a road user charging scheme, which had been in development
for almost a decade. The public voted against the scheme by a ratio of 3:1
and it was consequently abandoned. The objective of this research was to
determine the principal factors responsible for the public’s
overwhelming opposition to the scheme. A postal self‐completion
questionnaire was distributed to 1300 randomly selected households along a
transect from central to south Edinburgh. The 368 completed questionnaires
returned were analysed to assess the influence of several factors on the
way respondents voted in the referendum. Car use was shown to be the
principal determinant of voting behaviour, with car owners strongly
opposing the scheme and non‐car owners only weakly supporting it.
The public’s limited understanding of the scheme increased the
strength of the opposing vote. Further, the public were largely
unconvinced that the scheme would have achieved its dual objectives of
reducing congestion and improving public transport. The findings suggest
that more attention should have been paid to designing a simpler, more
easily communicated scheme and convincing residents, particularly public
transport users, of its benefits.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 85-102
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600831299
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600831299
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:1:p:85-102
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bart W. Wiegmans
Author-X-Name-First: Bart W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegmans
Author-Name: Marko Hekkert
Author-X-Name-First: Marko
Author-X-Name-Last: Hekkert
Author-Name: Marnix Langstraat
Author-X-Name-First: Marnix
Author-X-Name-Last: Langstraat
Title: Can Innovations in Rail Freight Transhipment Be Successful?
Abstract:
Abstract The central place of transhipment in rail
transport solutions and the lack of successful innovations is the focus in
this paper. Based on a questionnaire and interviews, several conclusions
can be drawn. First, the respondents value the product characteristics of
the different innovations as neutral. However, there appear to be a number
of ways to make the innovations more attractive (e.g. reduce
uncertainty/risks, increase the compatibility and decrease the
complexity). Second, the respondents value the user requirements of the
innovations concerned as neutral. However, several different opportunities
can be identified to make the innovations more attractive on the user
requirements side (e.g. flexibility). Third, concerning the user
requirements, the costs of the innovations are perceived as high. This
probably is one of the major barriers to the successful adoption of the
innovations in the rail transhipment market. In this market, costs are
very important and cannot always be recovered through charging higher
prices. A last conclusion is that user requirements can be analysed from
two points of view: first, the user of the innovation is the terminal
operator and the innovation must meet his criteria; and second, the actual
user is the rail transport company (and ultimately the shipper of the
freight). The innovations are then evaluated on their increase in
performance for the total intermodal transport solution.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 103-122
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600765091
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600765091
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:1:p:103-122
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter White
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Title: Book Review
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 123-124
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600983967
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600983967
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:1:p:123-124
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Anne Annema
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Annema
Author-Name: Carl Koopmans
Author-X-Name-First: Carl
Author-X-Name-Last: Koopmans
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Title: Evaluating Transport Infrastructure Investments: The Dutch Experience with a Standardized Approach
Abstract:
Abstract The Dutch government introduced a requirement in
2000 to evaluate proposed major infrastructure plans using a cost--benefit
analysis (CBA) following published guidelines. Since then 13 new major
infrastructure projects have been evaluated. The paper reviews the Dutch
standardized CBA practice since 2000. The overall conclusion is that the
use of standardized CBA has improved the quality of
ex‐ante evaluations of large infrastructure projects
in the Netherlands. However, the relatively young CBA practice has not yet
fulfilled its full potential. About half of the CBAs analysed can be
considered as being suitable for helping decision‐making. The other
half has weaknesses with respect to methods and assumptions. Looking at
the standardized CBA’s influence on policy‐making, the most
important conclusion is that unfavourable CBA results have contributed to
the postponement of decisions and to the downsizing of projects.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 125-150
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600843237
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600843237
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:2:p:125-150
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ron N. Buliung
Author-X-Name-First: Ron N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Buliung
Author-Name: Pavlos S. Kanaroglou
Author-X-Name-First: Pavlos S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanaroglou
Title: Activity--Travel Behaviour Research: Conceptual Issues, State of the Art, and Emerging Perspectives on Behavioural Analysis and Simulation Modelling
Abstract:
Abstract The ‘human activity approach’ to
the study of travel behaviour represents a synthesis of concepts and
analytic approaches partially drawn from several subdisciplines concerned
with human spatial behaviour. Underlying the approach is the widely
accepted view that travel demand emerges in response to individual and
household requirements for activity participation. Study of the literature
reveals a diverse array of research interests, equalled by the application
of a broad assortment of modelling approaches and tools for analysis. The
paper begins with a discussion of several conceptual issues that, if
addressed, could enhance the behavioural rigour of on‐going
research. The rest of the paper updates the literature with respect to
state of the art and emerging approaches to activity--travel analysis and
modelling. Overall, it is concluded that the advancement of new modelling
concepts and approaches, in the presence of substantial methodological
diversity, needs to be balanced with research into the kinds of
behavioural and analytic issues raised in the paper.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 151-187
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600858649
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600858649
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:2:p:151-187
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean Shaoul
Author-X-Name-First: Jean
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaoul
Title: Leasing Passenger Trains: The British Experience
Abstract:
Abstract This paper reviews the experience of the
train‐leasing model, a vital but invisible component of
Britain’s privatized railway system, using publicly available
financial information. As a result of the leasing regime established at
privatization, the leasing charges for the old trains, paid for by the
state, are high, contributing to the need for higher fares and subsidies,
and the highest profits in the industry. The cost of commissioning new
trains via leasing is higher than public debt. Operating and reliability
problems have imposed extra costs on other stakeholders. Leasing charges
are likely to continue long after the trains have been fully paid for.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 189-212
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600907024
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600907024
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:2:p:189-212
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Button
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth
Author-X-Name-Last: Button
Author-Name: Alvaro Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Alvaro
Author-X-Name-Last: Costa
Author-Name: Carlos Cruz
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Cruz
Title: Ability to Recover Full Costs through Price Discrimination in Deregulated Scheduled Air Transport Markets
Abstract:
Abstract The regulatory reforms of domestic airline
markets and regional markets such as the Europe Economic Area and the
increased number of Open Skies agreements have led to a move away from the
administrative structure of fare setting to one dominated by market
forces. Within this latter framework the initial market power and price
leadership exercised by former flag carriers and charter airlines is
gradually being eroded by the emergence of low‐cost carriers among
other factors. A major problem encountered in supplying
pre‐committed scheduled services in a competitive market is that of
full cost recovery. It has been argued, mainly from studies using
aggregate data, that the ability of major carriers to recover fixed costs
has deteriorated in deregulated markets as barometric price leadership is
replacing that of dominant firm price leadership. This paper uses
disaggregate data to examine the pattern of fares set by airlines as they
sell seats up to the time of departure of a service. In particular, it
analyses the impact of the entrance of low‐cost carriers into a
small country—Portugal—focusing on the changes that are
occurring in Lisbon and Porto airports. As such it looks at the way the
price of a particular product—an airline service—varies in
different market environments and whether price discrimination
(yield‐management) is any longer a viable approach to full cost
recovery.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 213-230
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600951949
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600951949
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:2:p:213-230
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jin‐Su Mun
Author-X-Name-First: Jin‐Su
Author-X-Name-Last: Mun
Title: Traffic Performance Models for Dynamic Traffic Assignment: An Assessment of Existing Models
Abstract:
Abstract This paper provides a review of the traffic
performance models for dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) and it identifies
the strength and weakness of existing models. Requirements for traffic
performance models are identified and various forms of existing traffic
performance models for DTA are reviewed and analysed according to the
requirements. Non‐linear travel time models are shown to have some
deficiencies that make them unsuitable for the analysis of
time‐varying transportation networks. Even though
linear‐type travel time models are identified as good candidates
for the analysis of dynamic transportation networks, they have limitations
from the practical point of view that travel time increases only linearly
with the amount of traffic on the link. This poses a dilemma and it seems
to be one whose resolution is an imminent precondition for DTA modelling
to progress in a way that is both theoretically coherent and plausible in
practical terms.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 231-249
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600979403
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600979403
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:2:p:231-249
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guido Friebel
Author-X-Name-First: Guido
Author-X-Name-Last: Friebel
Author-Name: Sergei Guriev
Author-X-Name-First: Sergei
Author-X-Name-Last: Guriev
Author-Name: Russell Pittman
Author-X-Name-First: Russell
Author-X-Name-Last: Pittman
Author-Name: Elizaveta Shevyakhova
Author-X-Name-First: Elizaveta
Author-X-Name-Last: Shevyakhova
Author-Name: Anna Tomová
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomová
Title: Railroad Restructuring in Russia and Central and Eastern Europe: One Solution for All Problems?
Abstract:
Abstract Railways restructuring takes place under very
different circumstances and with very different goals in Western Europe,
Central and Eastern Europe, and Russia. There are some improvements in
productivity associated with the reforms in the European Union (among
others access to infrastructure and vertical separation). But they are not
certain to be replicated following similar restructuring in transition
economies, especially if one takes account of the much higher shadow price
on government subsidies in the latter. The current and proposed reforms in
the railways of Central and Eastern Europe and Russia are described in
detail; the likely outcomes of reforms in the special economic, regulatory
and legal environments of these countries are analysed; and an alternative
proposal for restructuring in Russia is presented.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 251-271
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600979502
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600979502
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:3:p:251-271
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wout Dullaert
Author-X-Name-First: Wout
Author-X-Name-Last: Dullaert
Author-Name: Bert Vernimmen
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Vernimmen
Author-Name: El‐houssaine Aghezzaf
Author-X-Name-First: El‐houssaine
Author-X-Name-Last: Aghezzaf
Author-Name: Birger Raa
Author-X-Name-First: Birger
Author-X-Name-Last: Raa
Title: Revisiting Service‐level Measurement for an Inventory System with Different Transport Modes
Abstract:
Abstract In a stochastic supply link between a supplier
and a receiver the receiver will call upon the supplier who can replenish
his inventory at the lowest total cost. This total cost typically contains
the order costs, transportation costs and inventory costs. A crucial
component of the total inventory costs are the costs of safety stock,
which is held by the receiver to protect against stockouts. The optimal
amount of safety stock can either be derived from the cost of a stockout
or from an imposed service level. Since the cost of a stockout cannot
always be determined easily, the service‐level approach is a common
point of departure for practitioners and academics. Several ways are
discussed in the literature to specify the service level, and the
definition used can have an important impact on the derived level of
safety stock. In this paper the literature on the
inventory‐theoretic framework for transport selection is surveyed,
with particular emphasis on the criterion that is used to establish safety
stock levels. A case study based on real‐life data is then
presented to illustrate the impact of two different service‐level
definitions on the total logistics costs.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 273-283
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600983371
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600983371
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:3:p:273-283
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chin‐Shan Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Chin‐Shan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Title: Evaluating Key Resources and Capabilities for Liner Shipping Services
Abstract:
Abstract This paper empirically evaluates key resources
and capabilities in the liner shipping context. Based on a factor
analysis, three resource dimensions are identified: marine equipment,
information equipment, and corporate image; whereas seven capability
dimensions are identified: purchasing, operation, human resource
management, customer service, information integration, pricing, and
financial management. The findings suggest that operation capability is
perceived as the most important dimension, followed by customer service,
human resource management, information integration, pricing purchasing,
and financial management. Results indicate that four dimensions are found
that significantly differ between shipping companies and agencies: marine
equipment, information equipment, operation, and information integration.
The theoretical and managerial implications of the research findings are
discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 285-310
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600984015
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600984015
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:3:p:285-310
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Allan Woodburn
Author-X-Name-First: Allan
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodburn
Title: Evaluation of Rail Freight Facilities Grant Funding in Britain
Abstract:
Abstract Rail freight has been generally in decline in
many European Union countries in recent years, contrary to European
transport policy. State support for railway operations is commonplace in
most countries, and this paper establishes the background to targeted rail
freight grant funding in Britain. Through desk‐based analysis of
Freight Facilities Grant (FFG) awards, together with a survey of recipient
companies, the paper assesses the extent to which the planned flows
expected from these awards have materialized and it evaluates the role of
the grants in influencing rail freight volumes. The evidence suggests that
FFG funding has been largely successful, attracting considerable private
sector investment. Overall, FFGs have played an important role in
developing or retaining rail freight flows, although the processes could
be made more transparent and consistent. As other European countries
liberalize their rail freight markets as a result of European Union
legislation, such targeted funding may be an appropriate alternative to
more general government subsidy of freight operations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 311-326
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640600990418
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640600990418
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:3:p:311-326
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Nellthorp
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Nellthorp
Author-Name: Abigail L. Bristow
Author-X-Name-First: Abigail L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bristow
Author-Name: Brett Day
Author-X-Name-First: Brett
Author-X-Name-Last: Day
Title: Introducing Willingness‐to‐pay for Noise Changes into Transport Appraisal: An Application of Benefit Transfer
Abstract:
Abstract Numerous research studies have elicited
willingness‐to‐pay values for transport‐related
noise. However, in many industrialized countries including the UK, noise
costs and benefits are still not incorporated into appraisals for most
transport projects and policy changes. This paper describes the actions
recently taken in the UK to address this issue, comprising: primary
research based on the city of Birmingham; an international review of
willingness‐to‐pay evidence; the development of values using
benefit transfers over time and locations; and integration with appraisal
methods. Amongst the main findings are: that the
willingness‐to‐pay estimates derived for the UK are broadly
comparable with those used in appraisal elsewhere in Europe; that there is
a case for a lower threshold at 45 dB(A)Leq,18h rather than the more
conventional 55 dB(A); and that values per dB(A) increase with the noise
level above this threshold. There are significant issues over the
valuation of rail versus road noise, the neglect of non‐residential
noise and the valuation of high noise levels in different countries.
Conclusions are drawn regarding the feasibility of noise valuation based
on benefit transfers in the UK and elsewhere, and future research needs in
this field are discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 327-353
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640601062621
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640601062621
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:3:p:327-353
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. A. Giannopoulos
Author-X-Name-First: G. A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Giannopoulos
Author-Name: K. Giannakos
Author-X-Name-First: K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Giannakos
Title: Restructuring the Greek Railways: Current Progress and Evaluation of Alternative Schemes
Abstract:
Abstract This paper presents the rationale, the method,
and the alternative choices in the process of restructuring the Hellenic
Railways Organisation (OSE). The most likely alternative structures
regarding ownership and management issues of the new entities that will
inherit the old OSE organization, and discusses the strategic implications
of these alternatives are discussed. A critical view of the process of
Greek railway reform and the evaluation results of the alternative
organizational structures for the new situation are presented. It first
presents the current experience in European Union and other countries of
Europe, and the relative position of the Greek railways
vis‐à‐vis the most common practices. The most likely
options for the new organizational structure are presented which will
result from the application of the European Union Directives and the Greek
Law 2671/98 for the reorganization of the Greek railways. Based on a more
detailed presentation of expected income and expenditures (i.e. economic
viability) of the alternatives, a structure and a roadmap to these reforms
is recommended for a successful and, above all
‘implementable’, reform of the Greek railways under the
current conditions. Finally, the process for change and restructuring is
described in terms of the basic principles and procedures that should be
followed, and in terms of the necessary steps and procedures for the
transition from the current to the new situation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 355-378
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640601113911
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640601113911
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:3:p:355-378
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Pucher
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Pucher
Author-Name: Zhong‐ren Peng
Author-X-Name-First: Zhong‐ren
Author-X-Name-Last: Peng
Author-Name: Neha Mittal
Author-X-Name-First: Neha
Author-X-Name-Last: Mittal
Author-Name: Yi Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Yi
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Nisha Korattyswaroopam
Author-X-Name-First: Nisha
Author-X-Name-Last: Korattyswaroopam
Title: Urban Transport Trends and Policies in China and India: Impacts of Rapid Economic Growth
Abstract:
Abstract This paper provides a comparative overview of
urban transport in the world’s two most populous countries: China
and India. Cities in both countries are suffering from severe and
worsening transport problems: air pollution, noise, traffic injuries and
fatalities, congestion, parking shortages, energy use, and a lack of
mobility for the poor. The urban transport crisis in China and India
results from continuing population growth, urbanization, suburban sprawl,
rising incomes, and skyrocketing motor vehicle ownership and use. This
paper critically assesses government policies in each country and suggests
a range of specific improvements. It advocates a slowdown in the massive
roadway investment in recent years and a shift in emphasis to expanding
and improving public transport, cycling, and walking facilities. While
continued growth in motor vehicle use is inevitable, China and India
should restrict motor vehicle use in congested city centres and increase
taxes, fees, and charges to reflect the enormous social and environmental
costs of motor vehicle use. At the same time, much stricter regulations
should be imposed on manufacturers to produce cleaner, more
energy‐efficient, quieter, and safer cars, motorcycles, buses, and
trucks. Mitigating the many social and environmental impacts of rising
motorization is obviously important for the future well‐being of
Chinese and Indian cities. It is also crucial for the future of the rest
of the world. Unless the problems of motorization in China and India can
be effectively dealt with, the world faces sharp increases in greenhouse
gases, accelerating climate change, and rapid depletion of a range of
non‐renewable resources.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 379-410
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640601089988
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640601089988
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:4:p:379-410
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Author-Name: Anne Yvrande‐Billon
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Yvrande‐Billon
Author-Name: Rosário Macário
Author-X-Name-First: Rosário
Author-X-Name-Last: Macário
Author-Name: John Preston
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Preston
Author-Name: Peter White
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Author-Name: Bill Tyson
Author-X-Name-First: Bill
Author-X-Name-Last: Tyson
Author-Name: D. M. Van de Velde
Author-X-Name-First: D. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Van de Velde
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee
Author-Name: Joaquim José Guilherme de Aragão
Author-X-Name-First: Joaquim José
Author-X-Name-Last: Guilherme de Aragão
Author-Name: Enilson Medeiros dos Santos
Author-X-Name-First: Enilson Medeiros
Author-X-Name-Last: dos Santos
Author-Name: Rômulo Dante Orrico Filho
Author-X-Name-First: Rômulo Dante
Author-X-Name-Last: Orrico Filho
Author-Name: David Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Delivering Value for Money to Government through Efficient and Effective Public Transit Service Continuity: Some Thoughts
Abstract:
Abstract This paper documents some thoughts on the reform
agenda in public transit that is occurring throughout the world. The
specific focus is on a growing commitment to competitive regulation
through competitive tendering, and the efforts by a few governments
(notably in Australia) to take control of the tangible assets used by
private operators as a mechanism to exercise the opportunity, if so taken,
to put services out to competitive tender. The paper reviews the
theoretical arguments and empirical evidence on contracting regimes and
asset ownership, and the role that government and the operator might play
in a setting in which building trusting and collaborative partnerships has
merit in delivering services that are in the main funded from the public
purse.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 411-448
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701192351
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701192351
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:4:p:411-448
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leonardo J. Basso
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Basso
Author-Name: Tae Hoon Oum
Author-X-Name-First: Tae Hoon
Author-X-Name-Last: Oum
Title: Automobile Fuel Demand: A Critical Assessment of Empirical Methodologies
Abstract:
Abstract Many surveys have attempted to convey and
synthesize the information of hundreds of studies on automobile fuel
demand. In most cases, the focus has been placed in giving assessments of
the most likely values of various elasticities, particularly price and
income, while trying to explain the differences between results. However,
given the summary characteristic of these surveys, the most popular
approaches and methodologies—such as dynamic reduced‐form
demand models with time‐series data—have dominated the core
values obtained. The present survey focuses instead on the various
approaches and methods that have been used. It reviews and classifies
them, showing that there are relevant findings, raised by studies using
less popular approaches, which seem to challenge some of the accepted core
results in the literature. These other approaches include:
co‐integration techniques, use of disaggregate data at the
household level and flexible functional forms, and structural models of
automobile fuel consumption.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 449-484
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640601119710
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640601119710
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:4:p:449-484
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ela Babalik‐Sutcliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Ela
Author-X-Name-Last: Babalik‐Sutcliffe
Title: Pro‐rail Policies in Turkey: A Policy Shift?
Abstract:
Abstract Growing concerns over environmental issues and
the increasing role of the transport sector in creating environmental
pollution have had a significant impact on transport policies and
investments worldwide. There is increasing emphasis on the importance of
transporting people and goods in the most sustainable ways, and the role
that environmentally friendly modes, and particularly railways, should
play in transport. It appears that in Turkey too a policy shift has taken
place in favour of rail transport as a consequence of both environmental
concerns and the will to integrate into international transport networks,
and consequently international markets. This paper summarizes research
that looks into the policy documents, annual investment programmes, and
actual investments in the transport field in Turkey within the past two
decades. While a policy shift in favour of railway development can be
observed in policy documents, the study shows that actual investment has
been extremely limited for the improvement and expansion of the railways
in Turkey. The paper focuses on this gap between policy and practice in
national transport network development, and aims to discuss why it
currently is, and may continue to be, difficult for Turkey to deliver
successfully a pro‐rail policy. The discussion helps one understand
how a country’s transport history, past policies and mobility
traditions affect the delivery of new policies, particularly when they
represent a significant policy shift.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 485-498
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640601151564
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640601151564
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:4:p:485-498
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David N. Cottingham
Author-X-Name-First: David N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cottingham
Author-Name: Alastair R. Beresford
Author-X-Name-First: Alastair R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Beresford
Author-Name: Robert K. Harle
Author-X-Name-First: Robert K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Harle
Title: Survey of Technologies for the Implementation of National‐scale Road User Charging
Abstract:
Abstract This paper surveys the technologies available for
constructing a pervasive, national‐scale road pricing system. It
defines the different types of road pricing, the methods by which a
vehicle’s position can be determined, and then examines possible
pricing regimes in the context of their technological requirements and
implications. The issue of enforcement and the distribution of pricing
policies are considered, and further complexities are outlined. An
examination of the security aspects of such systems is made, focusing
particularly on the need to ensure privacy using technological, rather
than solely procedural, methods. The survey concludes that a pervasive,
national‐scale deployment is unlikely to be technically achievable
in the short‐term.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 499-523
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701214304
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701214304
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:4:p:499-523
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Percoco
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Percoco
Author-Name: Aura Reggiani
Author-X-Name-First: Aura
Author-X-Name-Last: Reggiani
Title: Transport Networks and Spatial Choices: A European Perspective
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 525-528
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701322933
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701322933
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:5:p:525-528
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Alderighi
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Alderighi
Author-Name: Alessandro Cento
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Cento
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp
Author-Name: Piet Rietveld
Author-X-Name-First: Piet
Author-X-Name-Last: Rietveld
Title: Assessment of New Hub‐and‐Spoke and Point‐to‐Point Airline Network Configurations
Abstract:
Abstract This paper aims to provide new measures of
airline network configuration with a view to analyse effectively the
complexity of modern carriers’ network design. It studies network
configurations in the airline sector by taking into account both spatial
and temporal dimensions. The spatial dimension is measured by using both
the Gini index and the Freeman index, which originate from social science
research. The temporal dimension is measured by the connectivity ratio,
i.e. the share of indirect connections over the total number of
connections. According to these indicators, the configuration of the
largest full‐service carriers and the largest low‐cost
carriers in Europe is investigated. The results show that the temporal
dimension provides a clear distinction between full‐service
carriers and low‐cost carriers; while the spatial dimension appears
useful when identifying the peculiarities within groups.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 529-549
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701322552
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701322552
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:5:p:529-549
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Carlos Martín
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Martín
Author-Name: Aura Reggiani
Author-X-Name-First: Aura
Author-X-Name-Last: Reggiani
Title: Recent Methodological Developments to Measure Spatial Interaction: Synthetic Accessibility Indices Applied to High‐speed Train Investments
Abstract:
Abstract The paper aims to analyse and compare synthetic
indices of accessibility in order to measure the impact of
high‐speed trains on European cities. In particular, it considers
the data and results concerning two previous articles by Gutiérrez et al.
and Martín et al. that analyse the accessibility gains produced by the
construction of Trans‐European Transport Networks (TEN‐Ts).
In these two papers, accessibility is studied using, first, a partial
approach with three different indicators: location, potential market, and
daily accessibility; and, second, data envelopment analysis (DEA) to
calculate a synthetic index of global accessibility. The present paper
extends these studies by applying principal component analysis (PCA) to
obtain a new synthetic accessibility index. DEA and PCA are two good
candidates to synthesize the partial information provided by different
methods that have been employed in the previous literature that studies
accessibility. It is shown that DEA and PCA methodologies yield a
consistent ranking for the global accessibility of the European cities for
three different scenarios: 1996, 2005 and 2015.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 551-571
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701322610
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701322610
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:5:p:551-571
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Medda
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Medda
Author-Name: Gianni Carbonaro
Author-X-Name-First: Gianni
Author-X-Name-Last: Carbonaro
Title: Growth of Container Seaborne Traffic in the Mediterranean Basin: Outlook and Policy Implications for Port Development
Abstract:
Abstract New trends in container shipping activities
operating in the Mediterranean region represent an interesting process now
underway, which induces socio‐economic development of the region as
a whole. This work examines the causes of the containerization process
within the Mediterranean basin and pays particular attention to the recent
evolution of ports. It identifies two specific categories of ports now in
operation in the basin for container traffic. Moreover, it analyses the
reason for the recent upsurge in development and growth of transhipment
ports. In this context, an understanding of the policy, economy, and
technological frameworks and approaches that have been, and continue to
be, the backbone for ongoing development of modern Mediterranean shipping
activity allows one to outline strategies for future development of the
basin.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 573-587
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701322677
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701322677
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:5:p:573-587
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paulo A. L. D. Nunes
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo A. L. D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunes
Author-Name: Chiara M. Travisi
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Travisi
Title: Rail Noise‐Abatement Programmes: A Stated Choice Experiment to Evaluate the Impacts on Welfare
Abstract:
Abstract On the current political agenda, which is
characterized by a major effort to minimize environmental transport
externalities, the railway is considered an important sector for policy
intervention. For example, when compared with road transportation, the
railway is associated with lower levels of air pollution emissions, lower
risks of fatalities, and reduced traffic congestion. However, it is also
associated with noise pollution, which in turn can generate significant,
negative welfare impacts on the population. Against this background,
policy‐makers have been adopting a wide range of instruments
targeted at the reduction of rail noise. The economic efficiency of this
type of policy intervention can be discussed in terms of its overall
welfare impact, which in turn may be contained within a cost--benefit
analysis of alternative noise‐abatement policies. This paper
reports a monetary valuation study of alternative rail
noise‐abatement policies along the Brennero railway in
north‐east Italy. The valuation study is based on a stated choice
questionnaire undertaken in the 12 municipalities of the province of
Trento that are currently exposed to excessive rail noise levels. This
market valuation technique has hitherto not been applied to value rail
noise damage. The valuation results indicate that: noise abatement makes
sense from an economic perspective as long as its cost is not higher than
€1 432 900; and construction of trackside barriers at the maximum
height of 8 m is not ranked as the preferred policy instrument.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 589-604
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701322693
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701322693
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:5:p:589-604
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo V. Fiorio
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fiorio
Author-Name: Marco Percoco
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Percoco
Title: Would You Stick To Using Your Car Even If Charged? Evidence from Trento, Italy
Abstract:
Abstract Road pricing is becoming increasingly popular
among decision‐makers as a policy tool meant to rationalize
transport flows in a given area. This paper aims to study modal choice as
a function of the personal characteristics of commuters by considering an
original data set of more than 9000 commuters in the Trento district of
Italy which was collected in 2001. Empirical estimates of drivers'
reaction to the introduction of road pricing and to the improvement of the
quality of public transport services are provided. It was found that the
introduction of a system of road pricing would be far more effective in
reducing private car use than an improvement in the speed of public
transport. It is also shown that road pricing should be carefully defined,
as elderly people and families with children are among those with more
inelastic private transport demand.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 605-620
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701322727
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701322727
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:5:p:605-620
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luca Zamparini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Zamparini
Author-Name: Aura Reggiani
Author-X-Name-First: Aura
Author-X-Name-Last: Reggiani
Title: Freight Transport and the Value of Travel Time Savings: A Meta‐analysis of Empirical Studies
Abstract:
Abstract The value of travel time savings (VTTS) has been
investigated by transport economists since the mid‐1960s. Although
the first two decades of research were mainly devoted to VTTS in passenger
transport, since the mid‐1980s several studies have analysed the
VTTS in freight transport from both a theoretical and an empirical
viewpoint. The first part of the paper is devoted to a review of the
proposed theoretical models for the value of freight travel time savings
(VFTTS), and it discusses the issues arising from the use of different
methods to collect empirical VFTTS estimates. The second part is based on
a meta‐analysis of a sample of empirical VFTTS observations related
to several European and North American countries. It is shown that both
the per‐capita gross domestic product and the transport mode are
statistically significant variables that can partially explain the
variability in VFTTS estimates.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 621-636
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701322834
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701322834
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:5:p:621-636
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Farideh Ramjerdi
Author-X-Name-First: Farideh
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramjerdi
Author-Name: Johanna Lindqvist Dillén
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindqvist Dillén
Title: Gap between Willingness‐to‐Pay (WTP) and Willingness‐to‐Accept (WTA) Measures of Value of Travel Time: Evidence from Norway and Sweden
Abstract:
Abstract A main purpose of this paper is to stress the
existence of the gap between willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) and
willingness‐to‐accept (WTA) measures of value of time that
is larger than could be explained in a Hicksian framework. The explanation
of the gap is of great importance in welfare analysis. This is a subject
that has not been paid much attention to in value‐of‐time
studies and there is great need for further research on the subject. This
paper relies on the evidence from Norwegian and Swedish
value‐of‐time studies to examine the gap between WTP and WTA
measures of value of time. These studies use different techniques for data
collection. The evidence from both studies suggests that the observed WTA
measure of value of time is about 1.5--2.0 times larger than WTP measure.
Alternative model formulations in the Swedish study to address
‘inertia factors’ for WTP and WTA, or the exclusion of zero
values for WTP and WTA measures in the Norwegian study, reduce the gaps.
The reductions of the observed gaps in the WTP and WTA measures are
analysed in the framework suggested by Zhao and Kling in 2001. They put
forward ‘commitment cost’ as an explanation for WTP and WTA
gap. An agent forms a commitment cost, in a similar manner to a
‘real option’, due to a lack of information, knowledge and
uncertainty about his own valuations and also because a decision about a
transaction has to be made rather swiftly. The theoretical framework
suggested by Zhao and Kling is in line with additive utility functions
underpinning the neo‐classical economics. If indeed
‘commitment costs’ is the explanation for the observed WTP
and WTA gaps, the observed small values of small time savings should be
interpreted as short‐term valuations. The long‐term values
of small time savings should be quite higher than the short‐term
values.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 637-651
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701322875
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701322875
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:5:p:637-651
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christoffel Venter
Author-X-Name-First: Christoffel
Author-X-Name-Last: Venter
Author-Name: Vera Vokolkova
Author-X-Name-First: Vera
Author-X-Name-Last: Vokolkova
Author-Name: Jaroslav Michalek
Author-X-Name-First: Jaroslav
Author-X-Name-Last: Michalek
Title: Gender, Residential Location, and Household Travel: Empirical Findings from Low‐income Urban Settlements in Durban, South Africa
Abstract:
Abstract Urban development and transport policies designed
to improve the livelihoods of poor communities need to consider the
particular needs of women to be effective. Gender roles are played out in
a spatial world, and can thus be expected to vary across the urban
landscape. The paper examines empirical relationships between spatial
factors—in particular residential location within the
city—and travel behaviour for men and women in a
cross‐section of low‐income communities in a large
metropolitan area in South Africa. Data from a comprehensive household
survey show that locality has a significant influence on gender
experiences of mobility. Gender differences are greatest in more distant,
rural localities, although site‐specific characteristics such as
walking access to social services, informal work, and small‐scale
agriculture help alleviate women’s inequitable travel burdens.
Central localities display the smallest differences between men and
women’s travel habits, supporting the notion that the high access
afforded by centrally located housing helps to promote the satisfaction of
women’s daily needs as well as their strategic empowerment.
Households in peri‐urban and peripheral localities suffer the
highest travel burdens, having neither the high access of a central
location nor the livelihoods‐enhancing amenities of a rural
environment. Women bear a large part of this burden. Urban development
strategies to benefit the urban poor while promoting gender equity are
highlighted, including an added emphasis on the provision of social and
educational infrastructure within closer proximity to peripheral
residential areas, coupled with better pedestrian access.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 653-677
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2006
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701450627
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701450627
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2006:i:6:p:653-677
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pascal van der Straten
Author-X-Name-First: Pascal
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Straten
Author-Name: Bart W. Wiegmans
Author-X-Name-First: Bart W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegmans
Author-Name: A. B. Schelling
Author-X-Name-First: A. B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Schelling
Title: Enablers and Barriers to the Adoption of Alternatively Powered Buses
Abstract:
Abstract This paper seeks to identify enablers and
barriers that stimulate or prevent the adoption of alternatively powered
buses (APBs) in cities. The research method concentrates on an
in‐depth analysis of 21 European demonstration case studies of
APBs. Considerable differences exist between these cities due to the
different reference situation. The type of measurement and the situation
in the demonstration cities influence the exact fuel consumption and
emission reduction. Variables that could enable the adoption of all types
of APBs are: (1) the compatibility with previously introduced ideas; (2)
the already available necessary supporting infrastructure in the city; (3)
a changed external appearance of the APB; (4) the acceptance of the APBs
by passengers and bus drivers; and (5) political support in the city
regarding the APBs. The main variables that could be determined as
barriers are: the relative economic advantage (the outline of costs is
higher than that of conventional buses); and the understanding of the APB
for bus drivers and mechanics (because special training is needed for both
groups).
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 679-698
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701248518
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701248518
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:6:p:679-698
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin Buitelaar
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin
Author-X-Name-Last: Buitelaar
Author-Name: Rob Van der Heijden
Author-X-Name-First: Rob
Author-X-Name-Last: Van der Heijden
Author-Name: Raffael Argiolu
Author-X-Name-First: Raffael
Author-X-Name-Last: Argiolu
Title: Managing Traffic by Privatization of Road Capacity: A Property Rights Approach
Abstract:
Abstract Road congestion remains a serious problem,
despite all the efforts to limit road use and to manage growing road
traffic volumes. Economic approaches (such as pricing) are introduced
based on traditional welfare economic theory. Although they are sometimes
very successful, the magnitude of traffic issues also requires alternative
and unconventional approaches. Perhaps a more innovative perspective is
needed. The paper discusses an alternative economic approach starting from
property rights theory. It is translated in transport systems in concepts
of infrastructure capacity slot management, where slots are dynamically
priced and exclusively allocated to individual users. Debates and
practices regarding this approach in air traffic and rail traffic are
further developed than in the field of road traffic. The paper aims to
explore the potential benefits and disadvantages of the property rights
approach for road traffic. Attention is paid to major institutional and
technical conditions. The conclusion is that the approach theoretically
has clear advantages and seems technologically feasible. Nevertheless,
serious political and institutional issues have to be solved first.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 699-713
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701262949
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701262949
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:6:p:699-713
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bram De Brabander
Author-X-Name-First: Bram
Author-X-Name-Last: De Brabander
Author-Name: Lode Vereeck
Author-X-Name-First: Lode
Author-X-Name-Last: Vereeck
Title: Valuing the Prevention of Road Accidents in Belgium
Abstract:
Abstract In a recent international comparison of the
social costs of road accidents, Trawén et al. (2003) noted
that cost data are not available for Belgium and, by consequence, play no
part in Belgian policy‐making. The purpose of the present paper is,
therefore, to value the costs per casualty type and per accident in
Belgium. Empirical data are provided on human and economic production
losses as well as on direct accident costs such as medical costs, hospital
visiting costs, accelerated funeral costs, property damage, administrative
costs of insurance companies, litigation costs, police and fire department
costs, and congestion costs. In Belgium the marginal unit value of
preventing a road casualty is estimated at €2 004 799 per fatal
casualty, €725 512 per seriously injured and €20 943 per
slightly injured victim. The unit cost per accident amounts to €2
355 763, €850 033, €34 944 and €2571 for fatal,
serious, slight injury and property damage only accidents, respectively.
These results are consistent with valuations reported in other
high‐income countries. Finally, the total costs of road accidents
in 2002 are valued at €7.2 billion (2004 prices), or 2.6% of gross
domestic product.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 715-732
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701275362
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701275362
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:6:p:715-732
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johan Woxenius
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Woxenius
Title: Generic Framework for Transport Network Designs: Applications and Treatment in Intermodal Freight Transport Literature
Abstract:
Abstract Six principles for the design of transport
systems are described, including direct link, corridor,
hub‐and‐spoke, connected hubs, static routes, and dynamic
routes. The designs are theoretically discussed, defining the operational
character of each design and their application in passenger, freight and
rail freight transport. The theory is then applied to intermodal freight
transport by comparing the terminology used in the paper with that in the
scientific literature. The advantages of using a generic terminology over
contextual ones are identified from the perspectives of researchers,
commercial operators and policy‐makers.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 733-749
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2007
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701358796
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701358796
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:27:y:2007:i:6:p:733-749
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Author-Name: Sean Puckett
Author-X-Name-First: Sean
Author-X-Name-Last: Puckett
Title: Assessing the Influence of Distance‐based Charges on Freight Transporters
Abstract:
Abstract Congestion charging has become a
high‐agenda theme in many urban environments, with a growing
recognition of a need to commit more effort to establishing the impact
that various charging regimes might have in reducing traffic congestion
and, as a corollary, in raising revenue that can be used to
re‐invest to improve transport infrastructure in general and public
transport services in particular. In addition to the political commitment,
a major challenge being faced is behavioural—a need to understand
more fully the role that specific charging regimes might play. The paper
investigates the potential influence of variable user charges in the
freight distribution chain. A choice‐modelling framework is
presented that identifies potential responses from the freight transport
firm to distance‐based charging within the context of the wider
spectrum of costs and benefits delivered in terms of travel time savings
and increased trip time reliability.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-19
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701345850
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701345850
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:1:p:1-19
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Y. H. Venus Lun
Author-X-Name-First: Y. H. Venus
Author-X-Name-Last: Lun
Author-Name: Christina W. Y. Wong
Author-X-Name-First: Christina W. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Author-Name: Kee‐Hung Lai
Author-X-Name-First: Kee‐Hung
Author-X-Name-Last: Lai
Author-Name: T. C. E. Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: T. C. E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Title: Institutional Perspective on the Adoption of Technology for the Security Enhancement of Container Transport
Abstract:
Abstract The adoption of technology for security
enhancement by organizations in a container transport chain has become a
necessity for enhancing container transport security. Organizations in a
container transport chain, including shippers, consignees, freight
forwarders, transport operators, maritime carriers, container terminal
operators, custom authorities and government agencies, adopt technologies,
such as radio‐frequency identification (RFID) technology, smart box
initiative and container non‐intrusive inspection (NII) technology,
due to the institutional pressures exerted by partners in the chain. This
paper explores the implications of the different types of institutional
isomorphisms, namely coercion, mimesis and norms, from both the
perspectives of organizations that have taken the initiative to adopt
technology for container transport security enhancement and those that
have followed other organizations to adopt technology. The possible
impacts of the different types of institutional isomorphisms elaborated in
this study can help managers better understand the institutional pressures
that they put on, and the institutional pressures that drive them to adapt
to their container transport chain partners; in particular, the possible
problems and compliance requirements they may face in the course of
adopting technology for enhancing container transport security.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 21-33
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701358804
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701358804
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:1:p:21-33
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: César Ducruet
Author-X-Name-First: César
Author-X-Name-Last: Ducruet
Author-Name: Jin Cheol Jo
Author-X-Name-First: Jin Cheol
Author-X-Name-Last: Jo
Title: Coastal Cities, Port Activities and Logistic Constraints in a Socialist Developing Country: The Case of North Korea
Abstract:
Abstract This paper analyses the interplay of transport
and development in North Korea, one of the most state‐controlled
and underdeveloped countries of the world. While broader aspects have been
well described by various studies, logistics have been given little
attention as permissive or restrictive factors in the country’s
development. Despite the recent reforms and growth of trade, the
development of North Korea is confronted to the weaknesses of the
transport system and inland logistics. An analysis of vessel movements at
North Korean ports (1985--2006) shows that although coastal economies may
increasingly use maritime transport to overcome inland blockages, the
evolution of port traffics better reflects broader trends such as a
general economic decline, the westward shift of populations, and the
polarization of economic activities around the Pyongyang area. Beside
those trends, the research also estimates the importance of maritime
transport to North Korean trade and it provides a base upon which further
studies can be conducted, so as to evaluate better the place of North
Korea among transport studies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 35-59
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701358846
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701358846
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:1:p:35-59
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Muhammad Moazzam Ishaque
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad Moazzam
Author-X-Name-Last: Ishaque
Author-Name: Robert B. Noland
Author-X-Name-First: Robert B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Noland
Title: Behavioural Issues in Pedestrian Speed Choice and Street Crossing Behaviour: A Review
Abstract:
Abstract This paper discusses issues that are encountered
in the modelling of the operational behaviour of pedestrians such as the
representation of pedestrian street crossing movements and speed choice at
a micro‐scale. A comprehensive literature review is undertaken for
various parameters of pedestrian movement that are of fundamental
importance in any pedestrian modelling approach. These parameters are
pedestrian speeds, pedestrian speed--flow--density relationships,
pedestrian compliance to traffic signals, and pedestrian gap acceptance
while crossing the road. Based on the research evidence from the
literature, a modelling framework for examining pedestrian speed choice is
presented that postulates that pedestrian speed is a function of a
pedestrian’s value of time, risk and capabilities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 61-85
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701365239
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701365239
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:1:p:61-85
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Justin S. Chang
Author-X-Name-First: Justin S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang
Author-Name: Jang‐Ho Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Jang‐Ho
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Title: Accessibility Analysis of Korean High‐speed Rail: A Case Study of the Seoul Metropolitan Area
Abstract:
Abstract This paper deals with an accessibility analysis
of Korean high‐speed rail. The high‐speed intercity service,
which became operational in April 2004, has being creating positive
impacts on forming a modal share structure conformable to the notion of
the competitive advantage between travel modes. Patronage, however, is
approximately half of that forecast. Accessibility improvement is
generally accepted as one of the most urgent methods for increasing
ridership. A systemized accessibility analysis with a case study of the
Seoul metropolitan area is made. A reduced form of a Hansen‐type
accessibility measure is proposed. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) test
and a Geographic Information Systems (GIS)‐based mapping audit are
used as tools for the assessment. Finally, zones of opportunity that could
yield the greatest demand increase of high‐speed rail are
identified and some metropolitan railway expansions for improving
accessibility of the region are recommended.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 87-103
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701421495
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701421495
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:1:p:87-103
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anjali Mahendra
Author-X-Name-First: Anjali
Author-X-Name-Last: Mahendra
Title: Vehicle Restrictions in Four Latin American Cities: Is Congestion Pricing Possible?
Abstract:
Abstract An exploratory study of the prospects for
congestion pricing in four Latin American metropolitan areas where traffic
bans currently exist—Santiago de Chile, Mexico City, São
Paulo, and Bogotá—is presented. Through a historical analysis
of the implementation process and experience of the traffic bans, along
with a snowball‐sampled survey of transportation experts in each
city, three factors are found to be the most important to ensure
favourable prospects for implementing congestion pricing in these cities:
(1) widespread public information regarding the environmental and health
risks of traffic congestion and resulting air pollution; (2)
implementation of complementary policies such as public transport
enhancements and increased parking fees in congested areas; and (3)
development of a knowledge culture among politicians and experts through
discourse on alternative road pricing policies based on systematic
analysis. Among other pertinent issues discussed, the work shows that the
equity concerns for low‐income car drivers often cited in
discussions on congestion pricing in developed countries are less
applicable in the cases studied. A key concern is the lack of political
will because it is people with relatively higher incomes and political
influence who predominantly own and use cars in these four cities. The
findings, though exploratory, are important because the potential of
congestion pricing to manage the rapid pace of motorization in the
developing world is not well studied. This paper presents an initial step
towards studying the implementation of the policy in developing countries.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 105-133
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701458265
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701458265
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:1:p:105-133
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter Næss
Author-X-Name-First: Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Næss
Title: Book Review
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 135-140
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701722413
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701722413
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:1:p:135-140
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heike Link
Author-X-Name-First: Heike
Author-X-Name-Last: Link
Title: Acceptability of the German Charging Scheme for Heavy Goods Vehicles: Empirical Evidence from a Freight Company Survey
Abstract:
Abstract While several European and national studies have
dealt with the acceptability of road pricing schemes for passenger
transport, only sparse research is available on this issue for freight
transport. Against this background, the paper deals with the acceptability
of the German road user‐charging scheme for heavy goods vehicles by
the road haulage industry. It presents the findings of an
internet‐based survey with German road freight operators from which
responses on a variety of attitude questions and on a
stated‐preference exercise regarding the use of revenues were
collected. The study shows that the German transport industry recognizes
the severity of transport‐related problems such as neglected road
maintenance and congestion. The general idea of distance‐related
road user charging is accepted but the scheme is not considered to be
effective in reducing traffic on motorways or increasing efficiency of
transports. Using the charging revenues within the road sector, e.g.
without any form of cross‐subsidising other modes of transport, is
decisive for making the charging scheme acceptable for German road
hauliers. This is reinforced by the responses on the stated preference
exercise where a trade‐off between charge level and use of revenues
has been revealed. German hauliers would even accept higher charges than
currently raised if revenues were used for road maintenance and relief of
bottlenecks.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 141-158
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701474809
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701474809
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:2:p:141-158
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcus Enoch
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Enoch
Author-Name: Hideki Nakamura
Author-X-Name-First: Hideki
Author-X-Name-Last: Nakamura
Title: Transport Policy and Organization in Japan
Abstract:
Abstract In transport terms, Japan has an enviable
reputation for operating effectively an incredibly complex road and rail
system. However, relatively little is known about how this is done or
about the issues that are facing policy‐makers and shapers in the
country. The purpose of this paper, then, is to investigate how land
passenger transport is organized in Japan, and to begin to evaluate its
effectiveness. This is done by drawing on a literature review and on
findings from a scoping study based on a series of semi‐structured
in‐depth interviews with key practitioners. Overall, the findings
suggest that national and local transport policy in Japan faces a number
of key challenges across all modes in the land passenger transport system,
in particular relating to the fragmented approach to policy development,
implementation, and operation and to the growing role of the car.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 159-180
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701526699
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701526699
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:2:p:159-180
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glenn Lyons
Author-X-Name-First: Glenn
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons
Author-Name: Kiron Chatterjee
Author-X-Name-First: Kiron
Author-X-Name-Last: Chatterjee
Title: A Human Perspective on the Daily Commute: Costs, Benefits and Trade‐offs
Abstract:
Abstract The average worker in Britain spends 139 h/year
commuting—the equivalent of 19 standard working days. While the
average distance and time taken for journeys to work has been steadily
increasing, the average number of journeys has been decreasing at a
similar rate. The aggregate picture inevitably masks an array of
underlying trends. This paper offers a multi‐perspective
examination of commuting drawing upon the literature in transport,
planning, geography, economics, psychology, sociology and medicine. It
examines statistical evidence on trends in commuting travel behaviour and
finds that one in 25 commuters now travels to work in excess of 100 km
(both ways) and one in ten commuters now spends over 2 h/day travelling to
and from work. It explores the different impacts (economic, health and
social) that commuting has on the individuals who conduct it and seeks to
understand better the role of commuting for individuals in today’s
society. The paper finishes its examination by reviewing the commute
experience itself, including attitudes towards it and the use of time
during the journey. It concludes by highlighting a dilemma facing
transport planning and policy. There are social, economic and financial
benefits from an improved travel experience for people with long commute
journeys, yet improving the travel experience may itself contribute to the
trend towards long‐distance commuting.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 181-198
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701559484
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701559484
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:2:p:181-198
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Carlos Martín
Author-X-Name-First: Juan
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlos Martín
Author-Name: Concepción Román
Author-X-Name-First: Concepción
Author-X-Name-Last: Román
Author-Name: Raquel Espino
Author-X-Name-First: Raquel
Author-X-Name-Last: Espino
Title: Willingness to Pay for Airline Service Quality
Abstract:
Abstract This paper looks at estimated valuations of some
service‐quality attributes in an airline choice context using
stated preferences methods. The analysis is based on information obtained
in the most important route connecting the Canary Islands with the Iberian
Peninsula: Gran Canaria--Madrid, and tries to contribute to the body of
knowledge in this area, given the relatively few studies of the monetary
valuations of air travel regarding level‐of‐service
attributes. A feature of this analysis is the examination of variations in
values according to different characteristics of the service, such as
price, penalties for changes in the ticket, legroom, food, etc.; the
currently experienced level of the attribute, and various
socio‐economic factors that affect the characteristics of the trip
and passengers. In addition, the important issue of added value regarding
different attributes is addressed, obtaining the
willingness‐to‐pay for different improvements of service
quality. A further analysis is made about how taste heterogeneity (market
segments) affects these values. Results from the stated preference
experiment and the market value of some comparable service are also
compared. Finally, the paper brings together evidence from other studies
and compares them with the findings obtained herein.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 199-217
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701577007
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701577007
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:2:p:199-217
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rickard Bergqvist
Author-X-Name-First: Rickard
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergqvist
Title: Realizing Logistics Opportunities in a Public--Private Collaborative Setting: The Story of Skaraborg
Abstract:
Abstract This paper gives insight into a process of
regional logistics collaboration as it progressed in the peripheral region
of Skaraborg, western Sweden, between 2000 and 2007. The region underwent
a transformation in the way public and private actors collaborate in
logistics. The focus of the collaboration was to develop the logistics
competitiveness in the region, mainly through the establishment of an
intermodal terminal for rail and road transport. By means of
action‐based research, the paper accounts for some interesting
course of events and tries to identify some important aspects of regional
logistics collaboration. Empirical observations in relation to existing
theory are the platform for theoretical reflection and some proposed
theoretical modifications and extensions concerning regional logistics
collaboration.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 219-237
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701581496
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701581496
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:2:p:219-237
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hazel Baslington
Author-X-Name-First: Hazel
Author-X-Name-Last: Baslington
Title: School Travel Plans: Overcoming Barriers to Implementation
Abstract:
Abstract The number of primary school children travelling
to school by car has almost doubled in 20 years. A governmental policy
response is to introduce school travel plans. The paper raises and
discusses important issues identified during a literature review,
documentary analysis, and an empirical evaluation of school travel plans.
These are: (1) barriers to their implementation, extensiveness and
longevity, and (2) the behavioural approach which underpins school travel
plan promotional literature. A comparative methods design was used for the
empirical evaluation that measured the effectiveness of the travel
initiatives operating at three schools. Quantitative and qualitative data
were collected using questionnaires and travel diaries (n = 555, ages
7--11 years) and interviews (22 parents, four key persons). The output
measures were: ‘levels of walking to and from school’ and
‘awareness and attitudes’ towards initiatives. In one of the
schools a Walking Bus scheme operated successfully. The findings from the
research form the backdrop for a discussion of potential measures to
overcome the social, geographic, and financial restrictions imposed on
some schools. A recommendation is made regarding data collection and the
analysis of evaluation data. The general conclusion from the review is
that a wide variation in the effectiveness of travel initiatives can be
expected.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 239-258
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701630863
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701630863
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:2:p:239-258
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ioannis Minis
Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis
Author-X-Name-Last: Minis
Author-Name: Dimitrios A. Tsamboulas
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitrios A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsamboulas
Title: Contingency Planning and War Gaming for the Transport Operations of the Athens 2004 Olympic Games
Abstract:
Abstract Transport operations constitute a critical
prerequisite for the successful staging of a special event. Operations are
more challenging to manage for those events that are infrequent and last
for several days. In this case, the requirements for unconditional
success, coupled with the uncertainties involved, necessitate robust
contingency planning. The paper presents a methodological process for
developing the transport‐related contingency plans to address
pre‐identified emergencies in major events, such as the Olympic
Games. War games are proposed to test the resulting contingency plans and
train the staff involved in plan implementation. The application of the
methodological process to the Athens 2004 Olympic Games is presented in
which transport services were offered to over 50 000 members of the
Olympic Family, 150 000 staff and volunteers, and 3.8 million spectators
over a period of more than two weeks.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 259-280
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701628685
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701628685
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:2:p:259-280
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Yannis
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Yannis
Author-Name: V. Gitelman
Author-X-Name-First: V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gitelman
Author-Name: E. Papadimitriou
Author-X-Name-First: E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Papadimitriou
Author-Name: A. S. Hakkert
Author-X-Name-First: A. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hakkert
Author-Name: M. Winkelbauer
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Winkelbauer
Title: Testing a Framework for the Efficiency Assessment of Road Safety Measures
Abstract:
Abstract The objective of this research is to develop and
test a framework for efficiency assessment of road safety measures and
evaluate its use in decision‐making. An exhaustive review of
standard methodologies and practices related to cost‐effectiveness
and cost--benefit analyses is carried out for that purpose. Moreover, a
number of case studies are performed, concerning the efficiency assessment
of various road safety measures in different countries, covering different
types of road safety measures (user‐, vehicle‐ or
infrastructure‐oriented, policy or enforcement, etc.), ranging from
national to local levels of implementation and including both ex
ante and ex post evaluations. From the results
conclusions are drawn on the efficiency of different road safety measures
and the related determinants. Furthermore, the case studies reveal a
number of methodology and data issues for which further research is
required. The procedures and barriers involved in the use of efficiency
assessment techniques at different levels of decision‐making are
also highlighted by means of feedback received during and after the
various case studies. On the basis of these results, a framework for the
promotion, implementation and evaluation of efficiency assessment in road
safety decision‐making is proposed. A particular set of
recommendations is also presented regarding the treatment of barriers
(fundamental, institutional or technical) within the efficiency assessment
itself and the related decision‐making process.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 281-301
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701615120
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701615120
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:3:p:281-301
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Randi J. Hjorthol
Author-X-Name-First: Randi J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hjorthol
Title: The Mobile Phone as a Tool in Family Life: Impact on Planning of Everyday Activities and Car Use
Abstract:
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore the
relationships between aspects of time norms, planning of everyday
activities, use of a mobile phone, and the car in families with children.
The analysis is based on results from a survey with a random sample of
2000 respondents from families with children in Norway, 2005. The analysis
shows that the mobile phone is very important in everyday communication
among family members. Short planning time and use of the mobile phone go
together. The general level of car use varies with planning horizon and
the choice of the medium used for arranging and rearranging appointments.
There is a relation between high frequency of car use, a short planning
horizon and use of the mobile phone.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 303-320
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701630905
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701630905
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:3:p:303-320
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Metz
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Metz
Title: The Myth of Travel Time Saving
Abstract:
Abstract The idea that the main benefit of improvements to
transport infrastructure is the saving of travel time has been central to
transport economic analysis. There is, however, little empirical evidence
to support this proposition. Indeed, in the long run average travel time
is conserved, implying that travellers take the benefit of improvements in
the form of additional access to more distant destinations made possible
by higher speeds. Such a perspective, based on considerations of the value
of access, has implications for economic appraisal, modelling and policy.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 321-336
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701642348
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701642348
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:3:p:321-336
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Schwanen
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwanen
Title: Struggling with Time: Investigating Coupling Constraints
Abstract:
Abstract The time--geographic concept of coupling
constraints defining when and for how long persons have to be corporeally
present at a given physical location can help transportation researchers
to understand better how people combining employment and domestic
responsibilities coordinate and negotiate everyday trips and activities.
While the usefulness of the concept has long been recognized,
operationalizing the ‘when’ dimension of coupling
constraints in empirical research remains difficult. The paper reviews
previous measurement approaches and introduces a complementary perspective
that evolves around the time--space of arrival—a time span
appropriate for arrival at a given destination—and that draws on
insights from human geography, sociology, and psychology. A central
element of the proposed perspective is the attention to different types of
time. It is shown that conceiving of clock‐time as time per se may
fail to account for the multitude of temporal factors that matter to
parents’, and especially mothers’, coping with coupling
constraints. Another important facet of the perspective concerns the
complexity of boundaries between acceptable or appropriate and
unacceptable or inappropriate arrival times. These and other
characteristics of time--spaces of arrival are illustrated using
in‐depth interviews and a stated adaptation exercise informed by
cumulative prospect theory centring on employed parents’ trips to
collect their children from childcare services and elementary schools in
the Utrecht region of the Netherlands.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 337-356
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701642363
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701642363
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:3:p:337-356
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan E. D. Richmond
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan E. D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Richmond
Title: Transporting Singapore—The Air‐Conditioned Nation
Abstract:
Abstract The role of a metaphor of centrally controlled
air conditioning in governing Singaporean transport planning is examined,
and its consequences evaluated. A modern transportation system has been
put in place to link a hierarchy of central places. Tight government
control has made change possible. A reliance on technical expertise at the
expense of public involvement has, however, failed to develop public
transport to effectively serve a range of dispersed‐destination
travel needs. Regulatory approaches, furthermore, have discouraged service
innovation. Policies making car purchase expensive have restricted car
ownership. Effective change would be facilitated by involving a highly
educated public more in decision‐making.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 357-390
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701722363
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701722363
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:3:p:357-390
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. W. Axhausen
Author-X-Name-First: K. W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Axhausen
Author-Name: C. Dolci
Author-X-Name-First: C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dolci
Author-Name: Ph. Fröhlich
Author-X-Name-First: Ph.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fröhlich
Author-Name: M. Scherer
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Scherer
Author-Name: A. Carosio
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Carosio
Title: Constructing Time‐Scaled Maps: Switzerland from 1950 to 2000†
Abstract:
Abstract The article discusses the construction of a
time‐scaled maps series for Switzerland documenting the shrinking
of the country since 1950. It describes underlying network models and the
mathematical approach employed for the necessary rescaling. In conclusion,
it presents the maps and discusses how the country was shrunk by half. † The article is based on earlier
German‐language papers documenting this work by Carosio et
al. (2005) and Fröhlich et al. (2005).
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 391-413
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701747451
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701747451
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:3:p:391-413
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joaquin De Cea
Author-X-Name-First: Joaquin
Author-X-Name-Last: De Cea
Author-Name: J. Enrique Fernandez
Author-X-Name-First: J. Enrique
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez
Author-Name: Louis De Grange
Author-X-Name-First: Louis
Author-X-Name-Last: De Grange
Title: Combined Models with Hierarchical Demand Choices: A Multi‐Objective Entropy Optimization Approach
Abstract:
Abstract This article proposes a multi‐objective
optimization approach to the formulation of a number of equilibrium
problems that typically arise in the transportation planning process.
These fall into two classes: combined demand and network equilibrium
problems, the latter here called performance‐demand equilibrium
problems. The demand formulations are based on entropy maximization while
the network equilibrium designs are modelled on Wardrop’s first
principle. Both are fully compatible with models based on random utility
maximization (multinomial and hierarchical logit). Given the
entropy‐maximization aspect of the demand models and the use of
symmetric cost functions in the networks, the multi‐objective
formulations yield classical single‐objective convex optimization
programs. In the past, many such problems have not been obtained
deductively, their derivation being based rather on previous knowledge and
the modeller’s intuition. Of particular interest, therefore, is the
simple deductive method presented here for formulating new problems, one
that can accommodate new choices such as departure time and transfer point
for combined modes. This novel approach also facilitates a better
interpretation of the model parameters. In addition, we suggest a
calibration procedure that permits consistent estimation of the proposed
model’s parameters.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 415-438
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701763128
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701763128
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:4:p:415-438
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Gilbert
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilbert
Title: Bus Rapid Transit: Is Transmilenio a Miracle Cure?
Abstract:
Abstract Successful mass transit solutions are rare in
poor cities. When they appear they are lauded across the globe and too
often copied uncritically. The latest exemplar of such best practice is
the ‘Transmilenio’ rapid bus system in Bogotá. The
article describes its main characteristics and applauds the improvements
that it has already brought to urban transport in Bogotá. Naturally,
the system is not without its flaws and these need to be drawn to the
attention of those who might copy the Bogotá example. This is
particularly important at the present time when the jewel of Bogotá
has come under surprisingly strong local criticism over its cost, its
ownership structure, its decreasing effectiveness and, fundamentally,
because it has failed to solve the transport chaos of Bogotá. There
is a real danger that ‘Transmilenio’ will stagnate as its
popularity declines and as demands for a metro increase. Given the
strengths of the system that would be something of a disaster and, most
certainly, not in the interests of the poor.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 439-467
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701785733
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701785733
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:4:p:439-467
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fumitoshi Mizutani
Author-X-Name-First: Fumitoshi
Author-X-Name-Last: Mizutani
Author-Name: Shuji Uranishi
Author-X-Name-First: Shuji
Author-X-Name-Last: Uranishi
Title: Privatization of the Japan Highway Public Corporation: Focusing on Organizational Structure Change†
Abstract:
Abstract In October 2005, the Japan Highway Public
Corporation was privatized and separated into three expressway companies.
Three other public corporations were privatized as well: the Metropolitan
Expressway Public Corporation, the Hanshin Expressway Public Corporation
and the Honshu‐Shikoku Bridge Authority. The main purpose of this
study is to overview the privatization policy taken by the government and
to assess the preliminary organizational reforms. We will focus especially
on policy issues such as horizontal separation, vertical
(management‐holding) separation and regulatory changes, comparing
the before‐privatization and after‐privatization periods of
the Japan Highway Public Corporation. Evaluations will be based on
empirical investigation and theory, as well as on lessons learned from the
privatization of the Japan National Railway. † The
previous version of this paper was presented at the 46th Congress for the
European Regional Science Association, held at the University of Thessaly,
30 August--3 September 2006.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 469-493
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701791749
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701791749
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:4:p:469-493
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Pucher
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Pucher
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Title: Making Cycling Irresistible: Lessons from The Netherlands, Denmark and Germany
Abstract:
Abstract This article shows how the Netherlands, Denmark
and Germany have made bicycling a safe, convenient and practical way to
get around their cities. The analysis relies on national aggregate data as
well as case studies of large and small cities in each country. The key to
achieving high levels of cycling appears to be the provision of separate
cycling facilities along heavily travelled roads and at intersections,
combined with traffic calming of most residential neighbourhoods.
Extensive cycling rights of way in the Netherlands, Denmark and Germany
are complemented by ample bike parking, full integration with public
transport, comprehensive traffic education and training of both cyclists
and motorists, and a wide range of promotional events intended to generate
enthusiasm and wide public support for cycling. In addition to their many
pro‐bike policies and programmes, the Netherlands, Denmark and
Germany make driving expensive as well as inconvenient in central cities
through a host of taxes and restrictions on car ownership, use and
parking. Moreover, strict land‐use policies foster compact,
mixed‐use developments that generate shorter and thus more bikeable
trips. It is the coordinated implementation of this multi‐faceted,
mutually reinforcing set of policies that best explains the success of
these three countries in promoting cycling. For comparison, the article
portrays the marginal status of cycling in the UK and the USA, where only
about 1% of trips are by bike.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 495-528
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701806612
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701806612
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:4:p:495-528
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Author-Name: Janet Stanley
Author-X-Name-First: Janet
Author-X-Name-Last: Stanley
Title: Investigating Links between Social Capital and Public Transport
Abstract:
Abstract Social capital (SC) describes the advantage
individuals and communities can gain from social participation, mutual
assistance and trust. The provision of travel options for those who are
socially disadvantaged is a major rationale for providing public
transport. While there has been recent work on how transport can address
social exclusion, SC has been overlooked. This article describes the
theoretical basis of SC and suggests ways in which the concept might
relate to public transport planning, research and practice. Disadvantaged
groups can lack SC, mobility and accessibility. Public transport can
provide mobility for this group and, in doing so, provide a greater
opportunity to create social networks, trust and reciprocity. Although
these concepts are abstract, plausible links are identified between the
concepts of enhanced positive social interaction associated with the
‘livable city’ concept and those engendered in SC theory.
Public transport by definition involves travelling with others and hence
provides opportunities for social interaction while travelling. While a
series of possible links between SC and public transport are theorized, it
is unlikely these are necessarily strong since other mobility options are
available and a range of land‐use and non‐transport
alternatives can address social needs. Aspects of the SC concept are
already covered by the social mobility and accessibility literature,
although it does offer a wider insight into the potential advantages of
improving access and mobility for disadvantaged communities. The concept
of SC is complex and suffers from a ‘fuzzy’ definition.
There is a lack of quantitative primary research associated with measuring
SC. Measuring the influence of improved mobility options on SC in
disadvantaged communities would be a worthwhile research area. Despite the
challenges associated with researching SC, the links between SC and travel
present an opportunity to understand how public transport acts to address
social disadvantage through the provision of mobility to disadvantaged
communities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 529-547
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640701817197
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640701817197
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:4:p:529-547
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ioanna Spyropoulou
Author-X-Name-First: Ioanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Spyropoulou
Author-Name: Merja Penttinen
Author-X-Name-First: Merja
Author-X-Name-Last: Penttinen
Author-Name: Matthew Karlaftis
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Karlaftis
Author-Name: Truls Vaa
Author-X-Name-First: Truls
Author-X-Name-Last: Vaa
Author-Name: John Golias
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Golias
Title: ITS Solutions and Accident Risks: Prospective and Limitations
Abstract:
Abstract This article investigates the prospective and
limitations in the application of potential intelligent transport system
(ITS) functions to reduce accident risks, using a cause‐treatment
relationship. The main causes of road accidents are described and
appropriate ITS solutions (including advanced driver assistance systems
and advanced traveller information systems) are presented as
countermeasures. Anticipated impacts are discussed and indicate that
several ITS have the potential of improving road safety and addressing
specific accident causes. However, attention is required on particular
aspects of their implementation as they may trigger adverse effects by
imposing behavioural adaptation risks, and overestimation and
over‐reliance on system capabilities. Further, user acceptability
and strategic implementation issues are paramount to the successful
introduction of these systems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 549-572
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640801886605
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640801886605
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:5:p:549-572
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ming‐Miin Yu
Author-X-Name-First: Ming‐Miin
Author-X-Name-Last: Yu
Title: Productivity Change and the Effects of the Enhancement of the Mass Transportation Programme on the Bus Transit System in Taiwan
Abstract:
Abstract The main objective of this article is to analyse
the changes in productivity of the Taiwan Bus Transit System (TBTS) before
and after the execution of the ‘Alternatives for Promoting the
Development of the Public Transportation Sectors’ (APDPTS), which
is designed to provide a better operating environment for the public
transport sector in the provision of public transit services. We use a
decomposition of the Malmquist productivity index to locate the sources of
productivity growth, namely technical change and efficiency change. The
former is further decomposed into an output bias, an input bias and a
magnitude term to test neutrality. The latter is also decomposed into
changes in pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. In our case,
between the pre‐ and post‐APDPTS periods, the efficiency
increased only marginally. As a result of a five‐year enhancement
programme, the technical regress slowed down slightly, and inward neutral
shifts of a transformation frontier were interpreted as being the main
contributor to technical regress. In particular, evidence of biased
technical change was found, i.e., the effects of output capability
increased slightly, but the efficient use of inputs declined during the
post‐APDPTS period.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 573-592
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640801892462
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640801892462
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:5:p:573-592
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Cairns
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cairns
Author-Name: L. Sloman
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sloman
Author-Name: C. Newson
Author-X-Name-First: C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Newson
Author-Name: J. Anable
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Anable
Author-Name: A. Kirkbride
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirkbride
Author-Name: P. Goodwin
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodwin
Title: Smarter Choices: Assessing the Potential to Achieve Traffic Reduction Using ‘Soft Measures’
Abstract:
Abstract In recent years, there has been a growing
interest in a range of transport policy initiatives which are designed to
influence people’s travel behaviour away from
single‐occupancy car use and towards more benign and efficient
options, through a combination of marketing, information, incentives and
tailored new services. In transport policy discussions, these are now
widely described as ‘soft’ factor interventions or
‘smarter choice’ measures or ‘mobility
management’ tools. In 2004, the UK Department for Transport
commissioned a major study to examine whether large‐scale
programmes of these measures could potentially deliver substantial cuts in
car use. The purpose of this article is to clarify the approach taken in
the study, the types of evidence reviewed and the overall conclusions
reached. In summary, the results suggested that, within approximately ten
years, smarter choice measures have the potential to reduce national
traffic levels by about 11%, with reductions of up to 21% of peak period
urban traffic. Moreover, they represent relatively good value for money,
with schemes potentially generating benefit:cost ratios which are in
excess of 10:1. The central conclusion of the study was that such measures
could play a very significant role in addressing traffic, given the right
support and policy context.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 593-618
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640801892504
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640801892504
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:5:p:593-618
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zbigniew Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Zbigniew
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Author-Name: Ariel Ciechański
Author-X-Name-First: Ariel
Author-X-Name-Last: Ciechański
Title: What Happened to the National Road Carrier in a Post‐Communist Country? The Case of Poland's State Road Transport
Abstract:
Abstract The purpose of this article is to seek to
reconstruct the ownership transformation involving Poland's State Road
Transport (PKS) companies passed through after 1990. Data collected from
various sources (above all the Internet) were used to establish the degree
of advancement of the transformation processes. Despite the passage of 18
years since the new economic reforms were launched, privatization
processes are not well advanced. State ownership remains dominant, in the
form of Treasury companies as well as state‐owned enterprises.
Privatization processes have encompassed fewer than half of all firms, the
most popular form taken (in about a quarter of all analysed cases)
involving leasing by workers. This would seem of major interest, attesting
as it does to the greater activity of some worker's teams, as well as the
passive role of the state in privatization processes. A much smaller
number of firms (26) have been purchased by external investors, the only
important international concern among these being Veolia, which had taken
control of 11 PKS companies as of mid‐2006. By and large, it is the
firms carrying passengers or passenger and goods that are in a much better
situation, as opposed to the companies that are commodity‐carriers
only. The majority of the latter have collapsed, or have undergone the
kind of privatization that involves simultaneous shutdown. Mixed passenger
and goods carriers have had to reduce their level of activity in commodity
transport.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 619-640
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2007
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640801943018
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640801943018
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2007:i:5:p:619-640
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean‐Paul Hubert
Author-X-Name-First: Jean‐Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Hubert
Author-Name: Jimmy Armoogum
Author-X-Name-First: Jimmy
Author-X-Name-Last: Armoogum
Author-Name: Kay W. Axhausen
Author-X-Name-First: Kay W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Axhausen
Author-Name: Jean‐Loup Madre
Author-X-Name-First: Jean‐Loup
Author-X-Name-Last: Madre
Title: Immobility and Mobility Seen Through Trip‐Based Versus Time‐Use Surveys
Abstract:
Abstract Nationwide Transport Surveys and Time‐Use
Surveys both reflect the daily agendas and schedules of the reporting
individuals and should therefore yield comparable indicators of travel
behaviour; for instance: immobility rate (share of persons not leaving the
home on any one day), daily travel time, and number of trips per day.
These two surveys exist in three countries from the same time period:
Belgium, France, Great Britain. The comparisons demonstrate that they tell
parallel stories, but that the levels of the variables are significantly
different with lower immobility rates and longer travel times reported in
the Time‐Use Surveys. These surveys should therefore be integrated
in the analysis of travel behaviour analysis as a crucial yardstick. In
Europe, where Nationwide Travel Surveys are intermittent and not
harmonized, the harmonised Time‐Use Surveys allow for crucial
European‐wide comparisions across time and space.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 641-658
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640801965722
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640801965722
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:5:p:641-658
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Piao
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Piao
Author-Name: M. McDonald
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald
Title: Advanced Driver Assistance Systems from Autonomous to Cooperative Approach
Abstract:
Abstract Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) have
been one of the most active areas of ITS studies in the last two decades.
ADAS aim to support drivers by either providing warning to reduce risk
exposures, or automating some of the control tasks to relieve a driver
from manual control of a vehicle. ADAS functions can be achieved through
an autonomous approach with all instrumentation and intelligence on board
the vehicle, or through a cooperative approach, where assistance is
provided from roadways and/or from other vehicles. In this article, recent
research and developments of longitudinal control assistance systems are
reviewed including adaptive cruise control, forward collision warning and
avoidance, and platooning assistants. The review focuses on comparing
between autonomous systems and cooperative systems in terms of
technologies used, system impacts and implementation. The main objective
is to achieve common understanding on ADAS functional potentials and
limitations and to identify research needs for further studies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 659-684
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640801987825
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640801987825
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:5:p:659-684
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moshe Givoni
Author-X-Name-First: Moshe
Author-X-Name-Last: Givoni
Title: A Comment on ‘The Myth of Travel Time Saving’
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 685-688
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802535821
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802535821
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:685-688
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Author-Name: Piet Rietveld
Author-X-Name-First: Piet
Author-X-Name-Last: Rietveld
Title: ‘The Myth of Travel Time Saving’: A Comment
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 688-692
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802535854
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802535854
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:688-692
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Mackie
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Mackie
Title: Who Knows Where the Time Goes? A Response to David Metz
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 692-694
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802535870
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802535870
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:692-694
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Duncan Ironmonger
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ironmonger
Author-Name: Philip Norman
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Norman
Title: Improvements in Transport Infrastructure are designed to Increase Travel Speed: Comments on ‘The Myth of Travel Time Saving’
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 694-698
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802535987
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802535987
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:694-698
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert B. Noland
Author-X-Name-First: Robert B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Noland
Title: Understanding Accessibility and Road Capacity Changes: A Response in Support of Metz
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 698-706
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802535995
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802535995
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:698-706
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glenn Lyons
Author-X-Name-First: Glenn
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons
Title: A Comment on ‘The Myth of Travel Time Saving’
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 706-709
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802536001
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802536001
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:706-709
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Schwanen
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwanen
Title: Reflections on Travel Time Savings: Comments to David Metz
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 709-713
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802536019
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802536019
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:709-713
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Metz
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Metz
Title: Response to the Responses
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 713-715
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802536027
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802536027
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:713-715
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Partha Chakroborty
Author-X-Name-First: Partha
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakroborty
Author-Name: Akhilesh Kumar Maurya
Author-X-Name-First: Akhilesh Kumar
Author-X-Name-Last: Maurya
Title: Microscopic Analysis of Cellular Automata Based Traffic Flow Models and an Improved Model
Abstract:
Abstract A large number of cellular automata (CA) based
traffic flow models have been proposed in the recent past. Often, the
speed‐flow‐density relations obtained from these models are
only presented and their apparent similarities with observed relations are
cited as reasons for considering them as valid models of traffic flow.
Hardly any attempt has been made to comprehensively study the microscopic
properties (like time‐headway distribution, acceleration noise,
stability in car‐following situations, etc.) of the simulated
streams. This article proposes a framework for such evaluations. The
article also presents the results from the evaluation of six existing
CA‐based models. The results show that none of them satisfy all the
properties. A new model proposed by the authors to overcome these
shortcomings is briefly presented, and results supporting the improved
performance of the proposed model are also provided.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 717-734
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802012813
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802012813
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:717-734
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon McDonnell
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: McDonnell
Author-Name: Susana Ferreira
Author-X-Name-First: Susana
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira
Author-Name: Frank Convery
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Convery
Title: Using Bus Rapid Transit to Mitigate Emissions of CO2 from Transport
Abstract:
Abstract This article investigates the role of bus rapid
transit as a tool for mitigation of transport‐related carbon
dioxide (CO2) emissions. We analyse a Quality Bus Corridor
(QBC) implemented in Dublin, Ireland, in 1999 and estimate CO2
emissions associated with differing levels of bus priority for the period
1998--2003 and for the Kyoto commitment period (2008--12). Associated
monetary values are established using CO2 prices from the
European Union Emissions Trading Scheme. We find that, in the absence of a
QBC, peak‐time emissions for our sample population would have been
50% higher than in the factual scenario. For the Kyoto commitment period,
we find the median value of the policy implementation to be in the region
of €650 000.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 735-756
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802012920
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802012920
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:735-756
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mustafa Anil Yazici
Author-X-Name-First: Mustafa Anil
Author-X-Name-Last: Yazici
Author-Name: Kaan Ozbay
Author-X-Name-First: Kaan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ozbay
Title: Evacuation Modelling in the United States: Does the Demand Model Choice Matter?
Abstract:
Abstract This paper reviews the literature on the
evacuation demand problem, with an emphasis on the impact of various
modelling approaches on network‐wide evacuation performance
measures. First, a number of important factors that affect evacuee
behaviour are summarized. Evacuation software packages and tools are also
investigated in terms of the demand generation model they use. The most
widely used models are then selected for performing sensitivity analysis.
Next, a cell‐transmission‐based system optimal dynamic
traffic assignment (SO‐DTA) model is employed to assess the effects
of the demand model choice on the clearance time and average travel time.
It is concluded that evacuation demand models should be selected with
care, and policy makers should make sure the selected demand curve can
replicate real‐life conditions with relatively high fidelity for
the study region to be able to develop reliable and realistic evacuation
plans.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 757-779
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802041812
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802041812
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:757-779
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stuart Meek
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart
Author-X-Name-Last: Meek
Author-Name: Stephen Ison
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Ison
Author-Name: Marcus Enoch
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Enoch
Title: Role of Bus‐Based Park and Ride in the UK: A Temporal and Evaluative Review
Abstract:
Abstract The number of bus‐based Park and Ride
(P&R) schemes in the UK has grown substantially over the past 40 years as
a result of its encouragement by the Government as a tool to deal with
increasing traffic congestion and traffic‐related pollution. The
aim of this article is to analyse the degree to which P&R is effective in
the contemporary policy context. The authors identify phases of
development of P&R since its emergence as a local solution to transport
capacity constraints in historic towns. Policy goals are identified
against which a review of literature is used to highlight its
effectiveness. It is concluded that P&R may increase the distance
travelled by its users due to low load factors on dedicated buses, public
transport abstraction and trip generation, although it is highlighted that
there are areas in which further research is required to clarify its
impacts.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 781-803
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802059152
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802059152
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:28:y:2008:i:6:p:781-803
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kuo‐Chung Shang
Author-X-Name-First: Kuo‐Chung
Author-X-Name-Last: Shang
Author-Name: Chin‐Shan Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Chin‐Shan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Title: Effects of Safety Climate on Perceptions of Safety Performance in Container Terminal Operations
Abstract:
Abstract This study empirically examined the effects of
safety climate on container operation terminal employees’
perceptions of safety performance in Kaohsiung Port in Taiwan using the
structural equation modelling (SEM) technique. Factor analysis and a
series of validity and reliability tests were conducted, which resulted in
the identification of three critical safety climate dimensions, namely
supervisor safety behaviour management, safety training programmes and
co‐workers’ safety behaviour. There was a positive
significant relationship between these three dimensions and safety
performance. Results suggest that container operation terminals’
management can enhance and refine these firms’ safety climate by
focusing especially on managing safety behaviour, safety training
programmes and co‐workers’ safety behaviour, thereby
reducing injuries and accidents.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-19
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802264943
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802264943
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:1:p:1-19
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Kenny
Author-X-Name-First: Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Kenny
Title: Transport Construction, Corruption and Developing Countries
Abstract:
Abstract The construction industry is consistently ranked
as one of the most corrupt industries worldwide. The impact of corruption
goes beyond bribe payments to poor‐quality construction of
transport infrastructure with low‐economic returns alongside low
funding for maintenance. Regulation of the construction sector is
necessary, but simplicity, transparency, enforcement and a focus on the
outcomes of poor construction are likely to have the largest impact. Where
government is the client, attempts to counter corruption need to begin at
the level of planning and budgeting. Output‐based and
community‐driven approaches show some promise as tools to reduce
corruption, they will need to be complemented by a range of other
interventions including publication of procurement documents, independent
and community oversight, physical audit and public--private
anti‐corruption partnerships.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 21-41
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802075760
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802075760
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:1:p:21-41
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Piet H. L. Bovy
Author-X-Name-First: Piet H. L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bovy
Title: On Modelling Route Choice Sets in Transportation Networks: A Synthesis
Abstract:
Abstract This article reviews a number of topics related
to the modelling and generation of route choice sets, specifically for
applications in large networks. It synthesizes existing knowledge using a
conceptual framework, and addresses in what respects route choice differ
from other travel choices. It shows that it is advantageous to distinguish
the processes of choice set formation and choice per se, but also to
explicitly separate the modelling steps of choice set generation and
choice modelling. The article discusses the various purposes for which
route choice sets may be used and what these mean for practical choice set
modelling. A generic conceptual scheme is presented relating the distinct
key elements of the known route choice set generation approaches aimed at
their classification and characterization. Some indications for their
empirical validity are presented derived from applications to various
uni‐modal and multi‐modal networks.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 43-68
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802078673
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802078673
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:1:p:43-68
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karst T. Geurs
Author-X-Name-First: Karst T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Geurs
Author-Name: Wouter Boon
Author-X-Name-First: Wouter
Author-X-Name-Last: Boon
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Title: Social Impacts of Transport: Literature Review and the State of the Practice of Transport Appraisal in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom
Abstract:
Abstract Transport appraisals in European countries
increasingly address three dimensions of sustainability—economic,
ecological and social. However, social impacts of transport have been
underexposed in (ex‐ante) transport project appraisal, at least in
the Netherlands. Firstly, this article presents a theoretical framework
describing the relationships between determinants of social impacts of
transport; it also provides a definition and categorization of those
impacts. Secondly, the article reviews the state of the practice of
national transport project appraisal in the Netherlands and the United
Kingdom. The article shows that social impacts of transport investments
can take on many forms and their levels of importance may vary widely, in
project appraisal. The UK transport appraisal guidance includes a spectrum
of social impacts through quantitative and qualitative assessments that is
broader than the Dutch appraisal guidance. However, it does not cover the
full range as identified in the literature. This holds, in particular, for
the temporary impacts of transport investments, health impacts, social
cohesion, the distribution and accumulation of impacts across population
groups and social justice. All in all, it can be concluded that there is a
long way to go before social impacts of transport projects are completely
included in appraisals, in a way that allows us to compare them to
economic and ecological effects.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 69-90
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802130490
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802130490
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:1:p:69-90
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bettina Wittneben
Author-X-Name-First: Bettina
Author-X-Name-Last: Wittneben
Author-Name: Daniel Bongardt
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Bongardt
Author-Name: Holger Dalkmann
Author-X-Name-First: Holger
Author-X-Name-Last: Dalkmann
Author-Name: Wolfgang Sterk
Author-X-Name-First: Wolfgang
Author-X-Name-Last: Sterk
Author-Name: Christian Baatz
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Baatz
Title: Integrating Sustainable Transport Measures into the Clean Development Mechanism
Abstract:
Abstract While the number of projects under the Clean
Development Mechanism (CDM) is expanding rapidly, there currently are
relatively few transport projects in the global CDM portfolio. This
article examines existing CDM transport projects and explores whether
sectoral approaches to the CDM may provide a better framework for
transport than the current project‐based CDM. We ask: Would a
sectoral approach to the CDM promote the structural change and integrated
policymaking needed to achieve sustainable transport policy, making it
hence more desirable than the framework of the current
project‐based CDM? We conclude that it is possible to design
sectoral transport activities within clear project boundaries that fit
into a framework of a programmatic or policy‐based CDM. Although we
are able to ascertain that transport policy research yields several
modelling tools to address the methodological requirements of the CDM, it
becomes apparent that sectoral approaches will accentuate transport
projects’ problems regarding high complexity and related
uncertainties. The CDM may need new rules to manage these risks.
Nonetheless, sectoral approaches allow the scaling up of activities to a
level that affects long‐term structural change.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 91-113
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802133494
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802133494
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:1:p:91-113
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yu‐Chun Chang
Author-X-Name-First: Yu‐Chun
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang
Author-Name: George Williams
Author-X-Name-First: George
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Author-Name: Chia‐Jui Hsu
Author-X-Name-First: Chia‐Jui
Author-X-Name-Last: Hsu
Title: An Ongoing Process—A Review of the Open Skies Agreements between the European Union and the United States
Abstract:
Abstract This article seeks to clarify the implications of
the Open Skies agreement reached between the European Union (EU) and the
USA in March 2007. It begins by reviewing the background of aviation
regulation and the negotiations that have taken place between the European
Commission (EC) and the USA over the past few years. It discusses the EU
and US perspectives on the development of the transatlantic market and
summarizes the key elements of the new Open Skies agreement. It goes on to
analyse the probable effects of the agreement and identifies the likely
winners and losers. It also highlights the unresolved problems for the EU
and the USA. Finally, it concludes that while both sides might not be
satisfied with the new agreement, it will nonetheless become a liberalized
model for other regions of the world to emulate.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 115-127
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802196293
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802196293
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:1:p:115-127
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Regina Kamuhanda
Author-X-Name-First: Regina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamuhanda
Author-Name: Oliver Schmidt
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmidt
Title: Matatu: A Case Study of the Core Segment of the Public Transport Market of Kampala, Uganda
Abstract:
Abstract In Uganda, public transport is provided by a
four‐tiered public transport system, with the Matatu (usually
Toyota cabin‐transporters of 1990s make) as its backbone, providing
the widest, densest and cheapest connectivity. The article shares findings
of a survey on perceptions, profiles and aspirations of
drivers/conductors/stage personnel and of passengers. They show that
entering a career within the Matatu business opens choices and promises
inclusion into a relatively strong social network. For passengers, the
Matatu offers a cost‐effective opportunity to commute to places of
work, transport goods and connect with business partners. The findings
also point to limitations of the current public transport system, with
emphasis on lacking client care, e.g. fare cheating by conductors. There
is a need to better understand the dynamics of urban transport systems
against the background of expanding urbanization in low‐income
countries. This article has attempted to contribute to that need.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 129-142
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802207553
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802207553
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:1:p:129-142
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moshe Givoni
Author-X-Name-First: Moshe
Author-X-Name-Last: Givoni
Title: Book Review
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 143-144
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2009
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802259869
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802259869
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2009:i:1:p:143-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Goran Vuk
Author-X-Name-First: Goran
Author-X-Name-Last: Vuk
Author-Name: Christian Overgaard Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Christian Overgaard
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Author-Name: James Fox
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Fox
Title: The Copenhagen Traffic Model and its Application in the Metro City Ring Project
Abstract:
Abstract In June 2007, the Danish Parliament passed an act
to finance the construction of the Metro City Ring in Copenhagen. The
assessment project is based on the passenger patronage forecasts for 2015
from the Copenhagen traffic model. In this paper we show how the model
forecasts for this particular infrastructure project can be explained
through detailed knowledge of model structure and model validation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 145-161
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802246106
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802246106
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:2:p:145-161
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shu‐Ling Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Shu‐Ling
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Title: Port Administrative Structure Change Worldwide: Its Implication for Restructuring Port Authorities in Taiwan
Abstract:
Abstract This paper aims to review the evolution of the
port authority’s role and recent changes in port administrative
structure worldwide, and to discuss its implication for restructuring
Taiwanese port authorities. It is found that the port authority is
expected to play a proactive role in strategically managing overall port
operations, and aggressively market its ports to port customers with a
view to increasing cargo throughput and economic growth in its region. The
change in the port authority’s role has driven a change in port
administrative management structure worldwide. The proposed restructuring
of port authorities in Taiwan is accompanied by some potential pitfalls.
These include that the legislative framework of the programme is driven by
political rather than professional concerns, and the port
authority’s dual role as a regulator and as an operator at ports is
against the principles of ‘separation of port administration
(regulatory functions) and business management’ recently adopted
worldwide. These pitfalls can impede the achievement of the objectives,
including directing port authorities towards becoming independent
commercially oriented entities. Therefore, this paper recommends that port
corporatization approach will be a good alternative for restructuring
Taiwanese port authorities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 163-181
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802260248
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802260248
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:2:p:163-181
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Photis M. Panayides
Author-X-Name-First: Photis M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Panayides
Author-Name: Christos N. Maxoulis
Author-X-Name-First: Christos N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Maxoulis
Author-Name: Teng‐Fei Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Teng‐Fei
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Koi Yu Adolf Ng
Author-X-Name-First: Koi Yu Adolf
Author-X-Name-Last: Ng
Title: A Critical Analysis of DEA Applications to Seaport Economic Efficiency Measurement
Abstract:
Abstract The significant increase in the adoption of Data
Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for seaport efficiency measurement renders a
literature synthesis and critical analysis of the application of the
technique relevant and worthwhile. This paper provides a thorough review
and critical analysis of the major studies undertaken to date, and
highlights some problems and limitations in the application of the
technique in the seaport context particularly in the specification of
parameters, the sampling domain and the type of DEA to be applied. The
paper informs the decision process as to the merits and limitations of DEA
approaches for seaport efficiency measurement and makes a contribution
towards methodological improvement by considering variations not yet
applied to the port sector.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 183-206
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802260354
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802260354
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:2:p:183-206
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen X. H. Gong
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen X. H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gong
Title: Event Study in Transport Research: Methodology and Applications
Abstract:
Abstract The event study method has wide applications in
economics and business studies. This mode of investigation focuses on
identifying the economic effects of economy‐wide, industry‐
or firm‐specific events on firms or industries. This paper
introduces the event study method by first presenting the theoretical and
statistical basis of the methodology. Examples of applications in the
economics and business studies literature are then used to illustrate the
strengths and weaknesses of the method, followed by further analyses of
specific applications in the transport industry. Lastly, future
opportunities for applying the event study method to transport research
are discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 207-222
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802291680
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802291680
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:2:p:207-222
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy Drew
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Drew
Title: The Benefits for Rail Freight Customers of Vertical Separation and Open Access
Abstract:
Abstract This paper reviews and analyses the benefits for
rail freight customers of the two principal models for introducing
competition in main line railway networks: (1) the vertical separation of
infrastructure from operations; and (2) the introduction of competition
providing other operators with open access to the network. The paper shows
that traffic growth has generally been higher in those European countries
that have liberalized most. It then examines in detail the impact of
restructuring in Great Britain in terms of the competition, freight rates
and traffic growth. The paper concludes that vertical separation benefits
freight customers more than just open access.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 223-237
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802295467
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802295467
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:2:p:223-237
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L. García‐Menéndez
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: García‐Menéndez
Author-Name: M. Feo‐Valero
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Feo‐Valero
Title: European Common Transport Policy and Short‐Sea Shipping: Empirical Evidence Based on Modal Choice Models
Abstract:
Abstract This article aims to find the determinants of
mode choice decisions for Spanish full lorry and full container loads
shipments to the rest of Europe in four productive sectors: agroindustry,
ceramic tiles, motor vehicle parts and household appliances. To this end
exhaustive fieldwork was carried out and a database constructed, including
507 observations collected from transport decision‐makers. A binary
logit is used to estimate a modal choice model where the two modes
considered are road transport and Short‐Sea Shipping. The
estimation of the model stresses the importance of a
politico‐economic evaluation of how to modify the modal split,
paying particular attention to the role that can be attributed to a series
of variables going beyond cost and time, which address the increasing
complexity of sectorial logistics chains.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 239-259
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802357192
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802357192
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:2:p:239-259
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José Manuel Vassallo
Author-X-Name-First: José Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Vassallo
Author-Name: Pablo Pérez De Villar
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez De Villar
Author-Name: Ramón Muñoz‐Raskin
Author-X-Name-First: Ramón
Author-X-Name-Last: Muñoz‐Raskin
Author-Name: Tomás Serebrisky
Author-X-Name-First: Tomás
Author-X-Name-Last: Serebrisky
Title: Public Transport Funding Policy in Madrid: Is There Room for Improvement?
Abstract:
Abstract Public transport policy in the Madrid
Metropolitan Area is often deemed as a success. In 1985, an important
reform was carried out in order to create a new administrative authority
to coordinate all public transport modes and establish a single fare for
all of them. This reform prompted a huge growth in public transport usage,
even though it reduced the funding coverage ratio of the transport system.
Since then, Madrid’s public transport system has been undergoing an
increasing level of subsidization, which might jeopardize the financial
viability of the city public transport system in the future. In this
paper, we present a detailed analysis of the evolution of the public
transport funding policy in Madrid in recent years. We found that the
increasing level of subsidy can hardly be explained on the basis of equity
issues. Moreover, we claim that there is still room for a funding policy
that makes the efficiency of the system compatible with its financial
sustainability.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 261-278
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802383214
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802383214
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:2:p:261-278
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee
Title: Self‐Selection: A Key to a Better Understanding of Location Choices, Travel Behaviour and Transport Externalities?
Abstract:
Abstract In the last decade the importance of
attitude‐related residential self‐selection has frequently
been recognized. In addition people can theoretically self‐select
them with respect to other location choices, such as job locations, with
respect to travel behaviour, or with respect to the exposure to transport
externalities such as noise and congestion. In this paper, we argue that
insights into self‐selection processes might significantly improve
our knowledge on location choices, travel behaviour and transport
externalities. We elaborate on options for self‐selection and
briefly formulate methodologies for research into self‐selection.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 279-292
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2009
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902752961
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902752961
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2009:i:3:p:279-292
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter Næss
Author-X-Name-First: Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Næss
Title: Residential Self‐Selection and Appropriate Control Variables in Land Use: Travel Studies
Abstract:
Abstract Several researchers within the field of land use
and travel have claimed that self‐selection of residents into
geographical locations matching their travelling preferences precludes
researchers from drawing firm conclusions about influences of residential
location on travel. This paper counters this position. For one thing, if
households self‐select into areas that meet their travel
preferences, it seems self‐evident that urban structure matters.
Evidence from qualitative interviews in the metropolitan areas of
Copenhagen and Hangzhou indicates that most of the interviewees’
rationales for activity participation, location of activities, choice of
travel mode and route choice contribute to a higher amount of motorized
travel among outer‐area residents than among inner‐city
dwellers, regardless of any self‐selection of residents to
particular types of neighbourhoods. Drawing on data from Copenhagen
Metropolitan Area, the paper shows that significant relationships between
residential location and travel exist regardless of travel‐related
residential preferences. Moreover, car ownership, and to some extent also
transport attitudes, is influenced by residential location. Studies
treating car ownership and attitudes to car travel as exogenous control
variables not influenced by urban structure tend to underestimate the
impacts of residential location on travel.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 293-324
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802710812
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802710812
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:3:p:293-324
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wendy Bohte
Author-X-Name-First: Wendy
Author-X-Name-Last: Bohte
Author-Name: Kees Maat
Author-X-Name-First: Kees
Author-X-Name-Last: Maat
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee
Title: Measuring Attitudes in Research on Residential Self‐Selection and Travel Behaviour: A Review of Theories and Empirical Research
Abstract:
Abstract Empirical studies that include
travel‐related attitudes to identify the role of residential
self‐selection in the relationship between the built environment
and travel behaviour display a wide variety in the type of attitudes that
they include, the relationships between the variables that they analyse
and the ways they measure attitude. This paper discusses what theories on
attitudes and behaviour can contribute to examining the role of
self‐selection and reviews those studies on residential
self‐selection and travel behaviour that explicitly include
attitudes. Although several studies state that residential
self‐selection is accounted for by the inclusion of attitudes, the
complexity of the inclusion and the measurement of attitudes often leads
to an underestimation of the role of residential self‐selection.
Because of their relevance to the reliability of results, the options for
measuring travel‐related attitudes are also discussed. When
attitudes are included in questionnaires, it is essential to consider
reliability, efficiency, response and the number of variables.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 325-357
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2009
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902808441
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902808441
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2009:i:3:p:325-357
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xinyu (Jason) Cao
Author-X-Name-First: Xinyu (Jason)
Author-X-Name-Last: Cao
Author-Name: Patricia L. Mokhtarian
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mokhtarian
Author-Name: Susan L. Handy
Author-X-Name-First: Susan L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Handy
Title: Examining the Impacts of Residential Self‐Selection on Travel Behaviour: A Focus on Empirical Findings
Abstract:
Abstract Numerous studies have found that suburban
residents drive more and walk less than residents in traditional
neighbourhoods. What is less well understood is the extent to which the
observed patterns of travel behaviour can be attributed to the residential
built environment (BE) itself, as opposed to attitude‐induced
residential self‐selection. To date, most studies addressing this
self‐selection issue fall into nine methodological categories:
direct questioning, statistical control, instrumental variables, sample
selection, propensity score, joint discrete choice models, structural
equations models, mutually dependent discrete choice models and
longitudinal designs. This paper reviews 38 empirical studies using these
approaches. Virtually all of the studies reviewed found a statistically
significant influence of the BE remaining after self‐selection was
accounted for. However, the practical importance of that influence was
seldom assessed. Although time and resource limitations are recognized, we
recommend usage of longitudinal structural equations modelling with
control groups, a design which is strong with respect to all causality
requisites.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 359-395
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802539195
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802539195
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:3:p:359-395
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Germà Bel
Author-X-Name-First: Germà
Author-X-Name-Last: Bel
Author-Name: John Foote
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Foote
Title: Tolls, Terms and Public Interest in Road Concessions Privatization: A Comparative Analysis of Recent Transactions in the USA and France
Abstract:
Abstract Recent concessions in France and in the USA have
resulted in a dramatic difference in the valuation placed on the toll
roads; the price paid by the investors in France was 12 times current cash
flow whereas investors paid 60 times current cash flow for US toll roads.
In this paper, we explore two questions: what accounts for the difference
in these multiples? and what are the implications with respect to the
public interest? Our analysis illustrates how structural and procedural
decisions made by the public owner affect the concession price. Further,
the terms of the concession have direct consequences that are enjoyed or
borne by the various stakeholders of the toll road.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 397-413
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802432144
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802432144
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:3:p:397-413
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabine Jokisch
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Jokisch
Author-Name: Tim Mennel
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Mennel
Title: Hydrogen in Passenger Transport: A Macroeconomic Analysis
Abstract:
Abstract Hydrogen is often seen as a promising future
energy carrier given the major reliance of today's transport sector on
finite fossil fuels. This article assesses the macroeconomic effects of
introducing hydrogen as fuel in passenger transport within the framework
of the computable general equilibrium model PACE‐T(H2). Our
simulation results suggest small improvements in the macroeconomic
performance in almost all European countries from the introduction of
hydrogen. The magnitude of economic effects however depends on the assumed
learning curve of hydrogen cars and on the future development of hydrogen
infrastructure costs. The results presented in this article build on data
and projects developed in the EU funded HyWays project.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 415-438
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802358059
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802358059
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:4:p:415-438
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Y. H. Venus Lun
Author-X-Name-First: Y. H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Venus Lun
Author-Name: Kee‐Hung Lai
Author-X-Name-First: Kee‐Hung
Author-X-Name-Last: Lai
Author-Name: T. C. Edwin Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: T. C. Edwin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Title: A Descriptive Framework for the Development and Operation of Liner Shipping Networks
Abstract:
Abstract A liner shipping network is a form of
collaboration in the liner shipping industry where players such as
intermodal services providers, container management services providers and
container terminal operators share resources and assets to develop
mutually beneficial strategies and seek operational performance gains.
This paper examines the liner shipping industry from the network
perspective with a focus on developing a descriptive framework for the
development and operations of liner shipping networks. To achieve this
objective, we use case study research to establish a descriptive framework
for the reference of liner shipping companies (LSCs) and their business
partners to operate and manage their networks competently. To understand
the participation of LSCs in liner shipping networks, we explore the
driving forces that prompt LSCs to develop and operate their networks
based on evidence from case studies of liner shipping services. This study
provides a useful framework for LSCs and their business partners to
compare different areas for cost and service improvements in operating
liner shipping networks.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 439-457
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802405215
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802405215
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:4:p:439-457
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johannes Fuhr
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Fuhr
Author-Name: Thorsten Beckers
Author-X-Name-First: Thorsten
Author-X-Name-Last: Beckers
Title: Contract Design, Financing Arrangements and Public Ownership—An Assessment of the US Airport Governance Model
Abstract:
Abstract US airports negotiate legally binding contracts
with airlines and finance large investment projects with revenue bonds.
Applying insights from transaction cost economics, we argue that the
observed variation in contractual and financing arrangements at US
airports corresponds to the parties' needs for safeguarding and
coordination. The case evidence presented reveals that public owners set
the framework for private investments and contracting. We suggest that
airline contracts and capital market control result in comparative
efficient investments and act as a check on the cost inefficiency
typically linked to public ownership.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 459-478
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802465656
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802465656
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:4:p:459-478
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Pestana Barros
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Pestana Barros
Title: The Measurement of Efficiency of UK Airports, Using a Stochastic Latent Class Frontier Model
Abstract:
Abstract In this paper, the latent stochastic frontier
model is used to estimate the technical efficiency of UK airports. These
airports are ranked according to their technical efficiency for the period
2000--06 and the airports are disentangled and segmented by the cost
frontier model, which leads us to advise the implementation of policies by
segments. Economic implications arising from the study are also
considered.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 479-498
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802525418
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802525418
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:4:p:479-498
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabine Knapp
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Knapp
Author-Name: Michel van de Velden
Author-X-Name-First: Michel
Author-X-Name-Last: van de Velden
Title: Visualization of Differences in Treatment of Safety Inspections across Port State Control Regimes: A Case for Increased Harmonization Efforts
Abstract:
Abstract The topic of harmonizing port state control (PSC)
inspections has been on the agenda of the flag state sub‐committee
meeting at the International Maritime Organization in recent years. This
article is based on a unique combined dataset of 183 819 PSC inspections
and uses correspondence analysis to visualize differences in treatment of
vessels across several PSC regimes, representing more than 50 individual
port states in order to provide better insight into the areas of possible
harmonization. The results show that treatment of vessels across the
regimes varies, indicating room for harmonization in all inspection areas.
We recommend accelerating the harmonization process by putting more
emphasis on the harmonization of inspection procedures, combined training
of PSC officers and the use of combined datasets across regimes, in
particular in the concept of the development of the Global Integrated Ship
Information System of the International Maritime Organization.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 499-514
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802573749
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802573749
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:4:p:499-514
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elena López
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: López
Author-Name: Andrés Monzón
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: Monzón
Author-Name: Emilio Ortega
Author-X-Name-First: Emilio
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortega
Author-Name: Santiago Mancebo Quintana
Author-X-Name-First: Santiago
Author-X-Name-Last: Mancebo Quintana
Title: Assessment of Cross‐Border Spillover Effects of National Transport Infrastructure Plans: An Accessibility Approach
Abstract:
Abstract Traditional transport infrastructure assessment
methodologies rarely include the full range of strategic benefits for the
transportation system. One of these benefits is the contribution to
cross‐border integration, critical for the European integration
process. However, this is a key issue in strategic planning and
decision‐making processes, as its inclusion may increase the
probability of large‐scale transport infrastructure projects being
funded. This paper presents a methodology for the measurement of the
contribution of transport infrastructure plans to European integration.
The methodology is based on the measurement of the improvement in network
efficiency in cross‐border regions of neighbouring countries, via
accessibility calculations in a Geographical Information System support.
The methodology was tested by applying it to the ambitious road and rail
network extensions included in the Spanish Strategic Transport and
Infrastructure Plan (PEIT) 2005--2020. The results show significant and
important network efficiency improvements of the PEIT outside the Spanish
border. For the road mode, while the Spanish average accessibility
improvement accounts for 2.6%, average improvements in cross‐border
regions of France and Portugal are of 1.8%. And for the rail mode, the
corresponding Spanish value is 34.5%, whereas in neighbouring regions it
accounts for 20.2%. These results stress the significant importance of
this strategic benefit and the consequent need for its inclusion in
strategic planning processes. Finally, the paper identifies the potential
of the methodology when applied at different administrative levels, such
as the local or state levels.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 515-536
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802627974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802627974
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:4:p:515-536
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antoine Frémont
Author-X-Name-First: Antoine
Author-X-Name-Last: Frémont
Title: Shipping Lines and Logistics
Abstract:
Abstract It has been acknowledged that logistics is a
driving force that shapes the integration of the transport chain. This
paper argues that while the liner shipping industry exhibits increased
horizontal integration, its vertical integration remains limited. A clear
distinction is drawn between freight logistics, container logistics and
vessel logistics. Freight logistics is defined as part of the supply chain
process, the focus of which is the goods being transported. The purpose of
container logistics is to optimize the movements of the containers
themselves, an operation that is directly related to vessel logistics
which is concerned with maximizing vessel utilization. The paper
demonstrates that shipping lines have to find the correct balance between
these three types of logistics. Their interest in vertical integration is
primarily because the management of container logistics provides direct
support to vessel logistics. Their involvement in freight logistics
remains unclear and uncertain.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 537-554
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640802677607
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640802677607
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:4:p:537-554
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric J.E. Molin
Author-X-Name-First: Eric J.E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Molin
Author-Name: Harry J.P. Timmermans
Author-X-Name-First: Harry J.P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans
Title: Editorial
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 555-556
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902916533
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902916533
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2009:i:5:p:555-556
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harry J.P. Timmermans
Author-X-Name-First: Harry J.P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans
Author-Name: Eric J.E. Molin
Author-X-Name-First: Eric J.E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Molin
Title: Dealing with Increased Complexity in Conjoint Experiments: Background and Overview of Alternate Approaches
Abstract:
Abstract This paper serves as background information for
the TRB workshop on stated preference modelling. The main argument of the
paper is that the development of stated preference and choice models has
witnessed increased complexity, which in turn has led to higher respondent
burden. The paper discusses some examples of such increased complexity and
some potential solutions to reduce respondent burden. Because some of
these developments and solutions are discussed in more detail in other
workshop papers, the level of detail in this paper depends on the specific
topic. Those topics that are not discussed in the workshops receive
slightly more attention.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 557-567
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2009
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902827532
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902827532
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2009:i:5:p:557-567
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James B. Wiley
Author-X-Name-First: James B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiley
Author-Name: Harry J.P. Timmermans
Author-X-Name-First: Harry J.P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans
Title: Modelling Portfolio Choice in Transportation Research
Abstract:
Abstract This paper argues that certain choice problems in
transportation research can be best conceptualized as problems of
portfolio choice. It discusses how portfolio choice problems can be
studied using discrete choice experiments, stated choice (conjoint)
methods. Issues in the construction in the design of experiments, model
specification and estimation are discussed. A working example illustrates
the basic approach. Finally, possible extensions of the basic approach are
identified.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 569-586
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902829462
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902829462
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:5:p:569-586
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John M. Rose
Author-X-Name-First: John M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose
Author-Name: Michiel C. J. Bliemer
Author-X-Name-First: Michiel C. J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bliemer
Title: Constructing Efficient Stated Choice Experimental Designs
Abstract:
Abstract Stated choice (SC) experiments are often used in
transportation studies for estimating and forecasting behaviour of
travellers, road authorities, etc. This kind of experiment relies on
underlying experimental designs. Whilst orthogonal designs are mainstream
for practitioners, many researchers now realize that so‐called
efficient designs are able to produce more efficient data in the sense
that more reliable parameter estimates can be achieved with an equal or
lower sample size. This paper describes several processes for generating
SC experiments and is intended to give an overview of the current
state‐of‐the‐art. Different methods are described.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 587-617
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902827623
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902827623
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:5:p:587-617
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pengfei Li
Author-X-Name-First: Pengfei
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Donggen Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Donggen
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Numerical Analysis of the Statistical Properties of Uniform Design in Stated Choice Modelling
Abstract:
Abstract Stated choice methods have been widely used in
transportation studies since 1980s. In recent years, much research
attention has been paid to develop optimal or efficient designs for choice
experiments, such as the so‐called D‐optimal design, which
does not seek for orthogonality as the traditional approach does but aims
at minimizing the determinant of the variance--covariance matrix of the
parameter estimators. This paper examines the statistical properties of an
alternative design method—uniform design, which also does not look
for orthogonality but aims at maximizing uniformity—a measure that
is closely related to model efficiency. We compare the estimation
efficiency and prediction efficiency of uniform design with that of the
traditional fractional factorial orthogonal design in stated choice
modelling. Monte Carlo experiments are used to generate models, whose
parameters vary in scale. The results show that though uniform design uses
a lot fewer profiles than orthogonal designs do, its prediction and
estimation efficiencies in stated choice modelling are comparable to that
of orthogonal design.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 619-634
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902829454
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902829454
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:5:p:619-634
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric J. E. Molin
Author-X-Name-First: Eric J. E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Molin
Author-Name: Harry J. P. Timmermans
Author-X-Name-First: Harry J. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans
Title: Hierarchical Information Integration Experiments and Integrated Choice Experiments
Abstract:
Abstract When conjoint experiments are applied to study
complex decision making that involve many attributes, this often results
in problems of information overload and respondent burden, potentially
jeopardizing the validity of such experiments. To avoid or reduce the
impact of these potential problems, Hierarchical Information Integration
has been suggested. The key notion is to classify the large number of
potentially influential attributes into a smaller set of decision
constructs, construct separate experimental designs for each of these
constructs and in addition a bridging design that allows the scaling of
all part‐worth utilities into a concatenated utility expression.
The basic approach suggested for preference measurements has been
elaborated for other measurement tasks and the original design strategy
has been refined into an alternative approach. This paper summarizes these
developments and briefly discusses aspects of respondent burden and
validity.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 635-655
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902829470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902829470
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:5:p:635-655
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Bradley
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Bradley
Title: Important Stated Preference Experimental Design Issues in Recent Transportation Applications
Abstract:
Abstract The paper discusses how the experimental design
methods discussed in the preceding chapters, along with other
methodological advances, can be used to address areas where SP techniques
most need to be improved to deal with particular transportation contexts
that are most prevalent in policy applications. Portfolio designs may be
useful when people may make a series of choices in a repeating context,
such as the mode used to go to work on different days of the week. The
paper encourages the use of split sample approaches, where a certain
experimental design variation is used for one randomly selected subsample,
and one or more other design approaches are tested for other subsamples,
allowing the effect of the experimental design on the responses to be
tested. This approach can be used for different instructions about how
respondents should think about the options, such as in the ‘cheap
talk’ method to avoid non‐commitment bias. The split sample
approach has also been used to compare different experimental design
approaches, such as d‐optimal designs versus blocked orthogonal
designs. Also encouraged are the use of experimental designs that
accommodate more complete model specifications, such as error
distributions around parameters, or interaction terms between choice
attributes.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 657-663
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2009
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902867702
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902867702
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2009:i:5:p:657-663
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco Aparicio Izquierdo
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco Aparicio
Author-X-Name-Last: Izquierdo
Author-Name: Yago Colodrón Sesemann
Author-X-Name-First: Yago Colodrón
Author-X-Name-Last: Sesemann
Author-Name: Juan Ángel Terrón Alonso
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Ángel Terrón
Author-X-Name-Last: Alonso
Title: Safety Management Evaluation in Bus and Coach Companies
Abstract:
Abstract In recent years, different initiatives have been
carried out to develop Safety Management System guides or standards for
coach and bus companies. They all consist of a set of safety and
management requirements to be followed by organizations. However, none of
them offers a complete set of tools to evaluate the safety level of the
company and find the main weak points in order to improve them. The INSIA
(Automotive Research Institute of Madrid, Spain) has developed a complete
model that includes not only a set of elements that determine the safety
level of the company but also a set of indicators and criteria to evaluate
these elements by a team of auditors. The model allows companies to
measure their safety level, find the weakest points and propose
improvement actions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 665-684
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2009
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902750106
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902750106
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2009:i:6:p:665-684
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ion Georgiou
Author-X-Name-First: Ion
Author-X-Name-Last: Georgiou
Title: Mapping Railway Development Prospects in Brazil
Abstract:
Abstract This paper reports on what appears to be the
first attempt to map the perceived holistic dynamics at work in
contemporary Brazilian railway development. The published perspectives of
recognized experts in the Brazilian railway industry were mapped using the
problem structuring methodology known as Strategic Options Development and
Analysis (SODA). SODA is essentially a cognitive mapping approach and, in
this case, it enabled a classification of the issues involved in railway
development, as well as the detailed analysis of particular causes and
effects acting upon the issues. Two particularly disturbing results are
discussed in some length: the detrimental effects of the alleged
misappropriations of public funds, and the identification of a
degenerative feedback loop system at the heart of railway
decision‐making. Overall, the paper shows that the situation faced
by railway development in Brazil is constituted by a dynamic interaction
of non‐independent problems, indicating the presence of a complex
problem‐system requiring conceptual structure in a manner that
permits analysis without ignoring systemic integrity. As such, the paper
serves as a platform from which further use of SODA in this context might
be considered as a decision support tool.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 685-714
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2009
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902752813
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902752813
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2009:i:6:p:685-714
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tomás Serebrisky
Author-X-Name-First: Tomás
Author-X-Name-Last: Serebrisky
Author-Name: Andrés Gómez‐Lobo
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: Gómez‐Lobo
Author-Name: Nicolás Estupiñán
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolás
Author-X-Name-Last: Estupiñán
Author-Name: Ramón Muñoz‐Raskin
Author-X-Name-First: Ramón
Author-X-Name-Last: Muñoz‐Raskin
Title: Affordability and Subsidies in Public Urban Transport: What Do We Mean, What Can Be Done?
Abstract:
Abstract Subsidy policies on public urban transport have
been adopted ubiquitously. Both in developed and developing countries,
subsidies are implemented under two major premises: (1) to increase public
transport use and to reduce externalities, such as greenhouse gas
emissions and congestion, and (2) to make transport more affordable,
particularly for the poorest. This paper focuses on the latter. Despite
the widespread implementation of subsidies, there are virtually no
quantitative assessments of their distributional incidence, making it
impossible to determine if these policy instruments are pro‐poor.
Using different tools to quantitatively evaluate the incidence and
distributive impacts of subsidy policy options, this paper analyses the
findings of a series of research papers that have studied urban public
transport subsidy policies in developed and developing countries.
Available evidence indicates that current public urban transport subsidy
policies do not make the poorest better off. Supply side
subsidies—provided to the operator—are, for the most part,
neutral or regressive; while demand side subsidies—provided to the
user—perform better, although many of them do not improve income
distribution. Considering that the vast majority of developing countries
justify public urban transport subsidies on social grounds, as a means to
improve the mobility, and thus welfare, of the poorest, it is imperative
to move away from supply side subsidies towards demand side subsidies and
integrate transport social concerns into wider poverty alleviation
efforts, which include the possibility of channelling subsidies through
monetary transfer systems or through other welfare instruments (food
subsidies, health services and education for the poor).
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 715-739
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2009
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902786415
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902786415
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2009:i:6:p:715-739
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pin‐Fenn Chou
Author-X-Name-First: Pin‐Fenn
Author-X-Name-Last: Chou
Author-Name: Chin‐Shan Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Chin‐Shan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Title: Assessing Service Quality, Switching Costs and Customer Loyalty in Home‐Delivery Services in Taiwan
Abstract:
Abstract This study empirically investigated service
quality, switching costs and customer loyalty from home‐delivery
services' customers' perceptive. With regard to service quality
attributes, findings indicated that customers were most satisfied with
‘range of delivery’, followed by ‘seldom loses
parcels’, ‘invoice accuracy’, ‘prompt and
reliable collection’ and ‘delivery by due time’. They
were least satisfied with competitiveness of price. A structural equation
modelling (SEM) approach was employed to analyse the impact of service
quality and switching costs on customer loyalty from customers'
perspective. Results revealed that service quality positively influenced
switching costs and customer loyalty, and switching costs had a positive
effect on customer loyalty. Investigation of the moderating effect of
switching costs on the relationship between service quality and customer
loyalty indicated that it was significantly important. Theoretical and
practical implications of the findings for firms providing
home‐delivery services are discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 741-758
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2009
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902796349
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902796349
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2009:i:6:p:741-758
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sharon Cullinane
Author-X-Name-First: Sharon
Author-X-Name-Last: Cullinane
Title: From Bricks to Clicks: The Impact of Online Retailing on Transport and the Environment
Abstract:
Abstract Online retailing is growing fast and claims are
being made about its positive environmental impact relative to traditional
shopping, particularly by the retailers themselves. There is, however,
little concrete evidence to support the claims. Whilst there exists some
research into the passenger travel implications of e‐shopping, this
paper seeks to analyse the issues involved in online shopping from both a
passenger and freight transport perspective. The objectives of the paper
are first, to set out the complex transport relationships involved in
online shopping and in particular the interaction between the passenger
and freight aspects and second, to shed some light on the environmental
impact of online shopping. It concludes that as things currently stand, it
cannot be stated with any degree of certainty that clicks are any more
environmentally responsible than bricks. The paper is conceptual in nature
and is the pre‐cursor to an empirical study of the issue.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 759-776
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2009
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902796364
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902796364
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2009:i:6:p:759-776
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hiroyuki Iseki
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroyuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Iseki
Author-Name: Brian D. Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Brian D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Not All Transfers Are Created Equal: Towards a Framework Relating Transfer Connectivity to Travel Behaviour
Abstract:
Abstract Walking from origins to transit stops,
transferring between transit lines and walking from transit stops to
destinations—all add to the burden of transit travel, sometimes to
a very large degree. Transfers in particular can be stressful and/or
time‐consuming for travellers, discouraging transit use. As such,
transit facilities that reduce the burdens of walking, waiting and
transferring can substantially increase transit system efficacy and use.
In this paper, we argue that transit planning research on transit stops
and stations, and transit planning practice frequently lack a clear
conceptual framework relating transit waits and transfers with what we
know about travel behaviour. Therefore, we draw on the concepts of
transfer penalties and value of time in the travel behaviour/economics
literature to develop a framework that situates transfer penalties within
the total travel generalized costs of a transit trip. For example, value
of time is important in relating actual time of waiting and walking to the
perceived time of travel. We also draw on research to classify factors
most important to users’ perspectives and travel
behaviour—transfer costs, time scheduling and five transfer
facility attributes: (1) access, (2) connection and reliability, (3)
information, (4) amenities, and (5) security and safety. Using this
framework, we seek to explicitly relate improvements of transfer
stops/stations with components of transfer penalties and changes in travel
behaviour (through a reduction in transfer penalties). We conclude that
the employment of such a framework can help practitioners better apply the
most effective improvements to transit stops and transfer facilities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 777-800
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2008
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902811304
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902811304
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:29:y:2008:i:6:p:777-800
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Author-Name: Michael Browne
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Browne
Author-Name: Moshe Givoni
Author-X-Name-First: Moshe
Author-X-Name-Last: Givoni
Title: Transport Reviews—The 30-super-th Anniversary of the Journal
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-10
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2010
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903385076
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903385076
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2010:i:1:p:1-10
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth A. Small
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Small
Title: Private Provision of Highways: Economic Issues
Abstract:
Abstract This paper reviews issues raised by the use of
private firms to finance, build, and/or operate highways—issues
including cost of capital, level and structure of tolls, and adaptability
to unforeseen changes. The public sector’s apparent advantage in
cost of capital is at least partly illusory due to differences in tax
liability and constraints on the supply of public capital. The evidence
for lower costs of construction or operation by private firms is slim.
Private firms are likely to promote more efficient pricing. Effective
private road provision depends on well‐structured franchise
agreements that allow pricing flexibility, restrain market power, enforce
a sound debt structure, promote transparency, and foster other social
goals.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 11-31
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903189288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903189288
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:1:p:11-31
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Levinson
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Levinson
Title: Equity Effects of Road Pricing: A Review
Abstract:
Abstract Are road pricing strategies regressive or
progressive? This is a question that has been confronting researchers,
practitioners, and policy‐makers who seek to implement new
mechanisms to raise funds for transportation while simultaneously managing
demand. The theoretical literature is mixed, as is the empirical
literature. In part, this has to do with the various types of road pricing
strategies that are being debated, different definitions of equity, and
alternative assumptions about revenue recycling. Despite this seeming
complexity, the literature is clear that equity issues are addressable.
This paper provides a synthesis of the literature to date on both the
theory of equity, as applied to road pricing, and the findings of
empirical and simulation studies of the effects of particular
implementations of road pricing, and suggested remedies for real or
perceived inequities. To summarize, while there are certainly potential
issues with equity associated with road pricing, those issues can be
addressed with intelligent mechanism design that provides the right
incentives to travellers and uses the raised revenues in a way to achieve
desired equitable ends. These include cutting other taxes and investing in
infrastructure and services.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 33-57
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903189304
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903189304
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:1:p:33-57
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Heinen
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Heinen
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee
Author-Name: Kees Maat
Author-X-Name-First: Kees
Author-X-Name-Last: Maat
Title: Commuting by Bicycle: An Overview of the Literature
Abstract:
Abstract Commuting by bicycle has advantages over other
modes of transport, both for the commuter and for society. Although
cycling is an option for many commuters, a considerable number of them
choose to use other forms of transport. In order to underpin policies that
promote commuting by bicycle, this paper investigates the determinants for
commuting to work. As many bicycle commuters do not cycle every day, we
also examine people’s daily choices, in terms of frequency. We
conducted a survey of the current literature in order to identify the
determinants for commuting by bicycle. We found many determinants, not all
of which are addressed by conventional mode choice studies and models.
This suggests that predicting and influencing bicycle use needs to be
grounded in other kinds of knowledge than those currently available for
motorized forms of transport.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 59-96
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903187001
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903187001
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:1:p:59-96
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ali Pirdavani
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Pirdavani
Author-Name: Tom Brijs
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Brijs
Author-Name: Geert Wets
Author-X-Name-First: Geert
Author-X-Name-Last: Wets
Title: A Multiple Criteria Decision‐Making Approach for Prioritizing Accident Hotspots in the Absence of Crash Data
Abstract:
Abstract In an efficient transportation system, traffic
safety is an important issue and it is influenced by many factors. In a
country like Iran, until now safety improvements are mainly concentrated
on road engineering activities, without much attention for vehicle
technology or driving behaviour. One important aspect of road safety
engineering activities is the so‐called treatment of hotspots or
dangerous accident locations. Until recently, accident hotspots were
identified and remedied by the esxperts’ personal judgements and a
handful of statistics without taking into account other important factors
such as geometric and traffic conditions of the road network. This paper
therefore aims to define and identify the criteria for accident hotspots,
then giving a value to each criterion in order to develop a model to
prioritize accident hotspots when traffic accident data is not available.
To do this, the ‘Delphi’ method has been adopted and a
prioritization model is produced by the use of a ‘Multiple Criteria
Decision‐Making’ method. The procedure is illustrated on a
collection of 20 road sections in Iran. In addition, the model is
validated against an existing database of road sections containing safe
locations and hotspots. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is carried out on
the proposed method.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 97-113
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903279345
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903279345
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:1:p:97-113
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Athanasios A. Pallis
Author-X-Name-First: Athanasios A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pallis
Author-Name: Thomas K. Vitsounis
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Vitsounis
Author-Name: Peter W. De Langen
Author-X-Name-First: Peter W.
Author-X-Name-Last: De Langen
Title: Port Economics, Policy and Management: Review of an Emerging Research Field
Abstract:
Abstract This paper reviews research in port economics,
policy and management during the period 1997--2008. In an increasingly
international economy, research interest in ports is gradually emerging.
This paper examines the developments, themes and characteristics of this
research, by reviewing a comprehensive database consisting of all the 395
relevant journal papers on ports that were published during the period
1997--2008. With the use of quantitative and qualitative bibliometric
tools, the paper identifies the characteristics of the port research
community (such as the authors’ country of affiliation, number of
authors involved and international collaboration rates). It also
identifies the main characteristics of this emerging scientific research
field (such as research approaches, units of analysis, samples of the
ports examined and commodities analysed). Finally, the paper develops a
content classification that distinguishes the main research subfields,
identifies leading papers for these subfields and uses a
cross‐citation analysis to analyse the coherence of the port
research field.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 115-161
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902843208
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902843208
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:1:p:115-161
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Asteris
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Asteris
Author-Name: Alan Collins
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins
Title: UK Container Port Investment and Competition: Impediments to the Market
Abstract:
Abstract The UK’s container trade is dominated by
ports in the South East of England. In order to accommodate both trade
growth and the increasing size of container ships, several investment
schemes have been put forward in recent years. During their public
scrutiny, a number of impediments to the market have become apparent,
namely, the treatment of sunk cost, environmental constraints, the
availability of subsidies to UK competitor ports and the nature of inland
network infrastructure charging. These are analysed with a view to
identifying policy prescriptions that are consistent with European Union
perceptions of fair competition.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 163-178
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902796323
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902796323
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:2:p:163-178
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zeyan Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Zeyan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Miguel Andres Figliozzi
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel Andres
Author-X-Name-Last: Figliozzi
Title: A Survey of China’s Logistics Industry and the Impacts of Transport Delays on Importers and Exporters
Abstract:
Abstract In the last decades, China’s booming
economy has greatly benefited from globalization and trade liberalization.
China has found a niche as the world’s manufacturing centre and it
is playing a crucial role in a growing number of global supply chains.
This research focuses on the performance of international and domestic
transport and logistics systems as perceived by Chinese importers and
exporters. A broad literature review of Chinese meteoric logistics
industry development is provided. Results and analysis of in‐depth
interviews with Chinese importers and exporters are presented. These
interviews provide significant information regarding international freight
transport chains, the impact of delays on supply chain operations and the
subsequent costs, companies’ delay and disruption planning, and
managers’ perspectives on future transport and logistics
developments.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 179-194
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902843232
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902843232
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:2:p:179-194
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kai‐Chieh Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Kai‐Chieh
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Title: Evaluating City Bus Service Based on Zone of Tolerance of Expectation and Normalized Importance
Abstract:
Abstract Improving the quality of the city bus service is
an important topic for public transportation management. One way of
measuring this improvement is to measure the gap between the
passengers’ expectation and their perception. The expectation can
be divided into desired service and adequate service, and the difference
between these two is the tolerant zone of expectation. The present study
has two purposes. The first is to propose a model for evaluating service
quality based on the zone of tolerance of expectation (ZSQ). The second is
to build an analytical framework for prioritizing attributes (NIZSQ,
normalized importance--ZSQ analysis) through a quadrant analysis based on
ZSQ and normalized importance. This research took the Taipei city bus
service as an example. The data were collected by means of questionnaires.
Statistical analysis was adopted to test the hypotheses. The result showed
that the top two priorities for improvement are those attributes that are
relevant to the interaction with the passengers, and the support from
operations management.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 195-217
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902884780
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902884780
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:2:p:195-217
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Veronique Van Acker
Author-X-Name-First: Veronique
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Acker
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Author-Name: Frank Witlox
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox
Title: When Transport Geography Meets Social Psychology: Toward a Conceptual Model of Travel Behaviour
Abstract:
Abstract Many studies model the effects of the built
environment on travel behaviour. Usually, results are controlled for
socio‐economic differences and sometimes socio‐psychological
differences among respondents. However, these studies do not mention why
after all a relationship should exist between travel behaviour and
spatial, socio‐economic and personality characteristics. Answering
this query involves combining and linking theories stemming from transport
geography (e.g. time geography, activity‐based approach) and social
psychology (e.g. Theory of Planned Behaviour, Theory of Repeated
Behaviour). Using key‐variables from these theories, this paper
aims to develop a conceptual model for travel behaviour. Comparable to
customary theories in transport geography, this conceptual model considers
travel behaviour as derived from locational behaviour and activity
behaviour. But the conceptual model adds concepts such as
‘lifestyle’, ‘perceptions’,
‘attitudes’ and ‘preferences’ which indirectly
influence travel behaviour.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 219-240
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902943453
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902943453
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:2:p:219-240
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabine Knapp
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Knapp
Author-Name: Philip Hans Franses
Author-X-Name-First: Philip Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Franses
Title: Comprehensive Review of the Maritime Safety Regimes: Present Status and Recommendations for Improvements
Abstract:
Abstract This article presents a comprehensive review of
the maritime safety regimes and provides recommendations on how to improve
the system. The results show a complex legal framework which generates a
high amount of inspections and overlapping of inspection areas where no
cross‐recognition is established by the various stakeholders. While
the safety system seems to be successful in eliminating substandard
vessels and while average insurance claims costs are substantially lower
for inspected vessels than non‐inspected vessels, the results
indicate that the economic conditions of the shipping market also have an
effect on safety quality besides the frequency of inspections. No
significant differences can be found between industry inspections and port
state control inspections with respect to decreasing the probability of
casualty. The system could be made more effective by combining data
sources on inspections and using them respectively to improve risk
profiling and to decrease the frequency of inspections performed on ship
types such as tankers. The results further indicate a lack of proper
implementation of the International Safety Management Code (ISM code) and
conventions with reference to working and living conditions of crew (ILO
147). A revision of the ISM code and more emphasis on enforcement of ILO
147 could further enhance the level of safety at sea. The authors would
like to thank several inspection regimes for their cooperation in
providing inspection data and in allowing the observation of surveys and
inspections on 26 vessels. In addition, the authors would like to
acknowledge the data providers for the casualty data, Clarksons for the
economic data as well as two P&I Clubs in making data on insurance claims
available.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 241-270
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902985934
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902985934
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:2:p:241-270
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kay W. Axhausen
Author-X-Name-First: Kay W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Axhausen
Title: The Limits to Travel: How Far Will You Go?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 271-273
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903020251
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903020251
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2010:i:2:p:271-273
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lorena Garcia‐Alonso
Author-X-Name-First: Lorena
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcia‐Alonso
Author-Name: Joaquin Sanchez‐Soriano
Author-X-Name-First: Joaquin
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanchez‐Soriano
Title: Analysis of the Evolution of the Inland Traffic Distribution and Provincial Hinterland Share of the Spanish Port System
Abstract:
Abstract This paper proposes a methodology based on
non‐parametric statistical techniques to analyse whether the
ordinal preferences in the port selection process are stable, and also the
intensity of those preferences. We apply this methodology to the Spanish
case from the landside perspective in order to answer the following
question: Has the increase in inter‐port competition changed the
port preferences? The result obtained is that the port selection pattern
of the provinces has changed slightly, leading us to the conclusion that
the relative appeal of the ports remains quite stable from the spatial
perspective, despite the reform of the port system.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 275-297
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902985983
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902985983
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:3:p:275-297
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Finn Jørgensen
Author-X-Name-First: Finn
Author-X-Name-Last: Jørgensen
Author-Name: Terje Andreas Mathisen
Author-X-Name-First: Terje Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Mathisen
Title: Using Standardized Revenue and Cost Norm Analyses to Reveal Subsidy Fraud in Contracted Public Transport Services
Abstract:
Abstract In 2004, one of the biggest ferry operators in
Norway was found guilty of having intentionally attempted to defraud the
state of about 113 million Norwegian kroner in subsidies by underreporting
revenues and overstating costs during the period 1992--2002. The company
and five of the top managers were convicted and the case was regarded as
one of the most serious subsidy offences ever committed in Norway. The aim
of this article is to show that standardized revenue and cost norm models
from the state can deter operators from committing such offences and when
relevant detecting the fraud attempts at an early stage. Our model
suggests that the operator in question overstated costs by about 19% and
that the actual subsidy fraud attempt was about three times higher than
concluded by the Court.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 299-313
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640902986866
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640902986866
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:3:p:299-313
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul T.‐W. Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Paul T.‐W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Kai‐Chieh Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Kai‐Chieh
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Author-Name: Tao Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Title: External Costs of Domestic Container Transportation: Short‐Sea Shipping versus Trucking in Taiwan
Abstract:
Abstract This paper explores the external costs of
domestic container transportation in Taiwan by analysing the origin and
destination of current container cargoes. After reviewing an extensive
literature survey of methods of external cost, a comparison of external
costs between trucking and short sea shipping (SSS) by corridor is made by
using a model developed in this paper. Based on the findings that external
costs of SSS are considerably lower than truck transport and can be a
viable alternative to current domestic container cargo transportation, we
discuss the significance and managerial implications of SSS from the
perspective of green logistics. In so doing, a top‐down approach is
employed for developing government policies, which aim to not only reduce
the external costs of domestic container transportation but also promote
SSS in Taiwan.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 315-335
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903010120
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903010120
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:3:p:315-335
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samuel Carpintero
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Carpintero
Title: Toll Roads in Central and Eastern Europe: Promises and Performance
Abstract:
Abstract In the early nineties, after the collapse of the
communist system, many Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries hoped
to expand their motorway network by offering concessions to private
companies to finance, build and operate toll roads. Both the lack of
public resources and the aim of increasing the role of private sector in
the economy were behind that policy. In the nearly two decades since,
roughly one‐third of the motorways built in CEE have been private
concessions. But far fewer such motorways were built than expected, and
many of those that were built were financed largely by payments from the
government rather than by toll revenues. Moreover, all the toll roads are
concentrated in three countries—Hungary, Poland and Croatia. This
paper examines the history of toll road projects in those countries and
the reasons of the gap between the expected outcomes and the actual
results, which vary across countries.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 337-359
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903017380
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903017380
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:3:p:337-359
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo A. Gamez
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gamez
Author-Name: Ali Touran
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Touran
Title: A Quantitative Analysis of the Performance of Transportation Projects in Developing Countries
Abstract:
Abstract This paper presents the results of a detailed
quantitative analysis of performance metrics of a sample consisting of 89
transportation projects sponsored by the World Bank. The sample and a
subset consisting of 65 projects were evaluated using the performance
metrics of project cost, schedule and scope. The effect of project size
(dollar value) and project duration on performance metrics was
investigated. Also, the achievement of project goals and potential
improvement in planning and estimating over time (the learning effect) was
studied. It was found that, in general, in transportation projects
sponsored by the World Bank, costs are overestimated and schedules are
optimistic. The outcome with respect to cost seems
counter‐intuitive because previous work by other researchers had
shown a systematic underestimation of project costs. There is significant
evidence that there are no efficient controls in place to predict or
prevent schedule delays. The study also showed that during the past 15
years, no improvement (learning effect) was evident in project cost and
duration estimation as the level of accuracy has not changed
significantly. Further, it is observed that project duration did not
affect the performance with respect to cost and delay.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 361-387
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903034070
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903034070
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:3:p:361-387
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio Sánchez Soliño
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio Sánchez
Author-X-Name-Last: Soliño
Author-Name: Pilar Gago de Santos
Author-X-Name-First: Pilar
Author-X-Name-Last: Gago de Santos
Title: Transaction Costs in Transport Public--Private Partnerships: Comparing Procurement Procedures
Abstract:
Abstract In recent years, concern has grown over good
practices in the procurement process in public--private partnerships
(PPPs). The consensus view is that PPPs are prone to higher transaction
costs than traditional public provision. In this paper, we contrast the
hypothesis that transaction costs in transport PPPs depend, to a large
extent, on the procurement mechanism used in each case, comparing the
Negotiated and the Open procedures. Given that PPPs may offer considerable
benefits and significant savings over the entire life cycle of the
project, it is essential for PPPs to minimize those costs that undermine
efficiency gains and that deter private involvement. The quantitative
analysis undertaken in this paper highlights that there is room for
important savings in the tendering of PPP transport infrastructure
projects, using an Open procedure.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 389-406
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903037941
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903037941
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:3:p:389-406
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zbigniew Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Zbigniew
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Author-Name: Ariel Ciechański
Author-X-Name-First: Ariel
Author-X-Name-Last: Ciechański
Title: Organizational and Ownership Transformation in Poland’s Urban Transport Companies
Abstract:
Abstract This paper seeks to reconstruct the
organizational and ownership transformation involving Poland’s
urban transport that companies passed through after 1990. Data collected
from various sources (above all the Internet, including the Bulletins of
Public Information) were used to establish the degree of advancement of
the transformation processes. Despite the passage of nearly two decades
since the new economic reforms were launched, the privatization processes
involving enterprises of municipal origin are not well‐advanced.
There is not a single private company among the organizers of urban
transport. Instead, an absolute domination of budgetary‐sphere
entities may be noted. Furthermore, there are seven transport municipal
unions. Among the operators (carriers) public ownership remains dominant
in the form of single‐person local authority companies, local
government companies, municipal union ownerships, municipal companies as
well as budgetary units. Privatization processes have encompassed fewer
than 10% of all operators in the form of companies with foreign
participation, workers’ companies and companies with Polish
non‐public sector participation. Moreover, in 20 localities urban
transport is supplied by multi‐trade municipal services enterprises
(as of end‐2008). Thus, transformation processes, though started
earlier than in the case of Poland’s State Road Transport coach
companies, are much less advanced.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 407-434
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903034369
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903034369
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:4:p:407-434
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Eboli
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Eboli
Author-Name: Gabriella Mazzulla
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriella
Author-X-Name-Last: Mazzulla
Title: How to Capture the Passengers’ Point of View on a Transit Service through Rating and Choice Options
Abstract:
Abstract In this paper, a methodology for capturing the
transit passenger’s point of view by using both rating and choice
options is proposed. For this purpose, some discrete choice logit models
are introduced; the models allow the probability of choice of some
alternative transit services to be calculated, and the importance of each
service aspect to be determined. The models are calibrated by using data
collected by a survey in which a stated preferences experiment was
proposed to a sample of passengers, and some judgements were expressed by
them about their transit services, in terms of perceptions and
expectations. The introduced methodology provides a relevant contribution
from a practical viewpoint because it allows the identification of the
most important aspects on overall service quality; it is useful to the
transit operators for measuring service quality and for investing on the
various service aspects in order to effectively improve transit services.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 435-450
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903068441
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903068441
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:4:p:435-450
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Carlos Pérez‐Mesa
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez‐Mesa
Author-Name: Jose Joaquin Céspedes‐Lorente
Author-X-Name-First: Jose Joaquin
Author-X-Name-Last: Céspedes‐Lorente
Author-Name: Jose Antonio Salinas Andújar
Author-X-Name-First: Jose Antonio Salinas
Author-X-Name-Last: Andújar
Title: Feasibility Study for a Motorway of the Sea (MoS) between Spain and France: Application to the Transportation of Perishable Cargo
Abstract:
Abstract This paper studies the possibility of increasing
shipping of fruit and vegetables from Almería (southeast of Spain) to Port
Vendres‐Perpignan (southeast of France). Almería is one of the
areas of vegetables production largest in the world and Perpignan is one
of the most important customers of Almería. After analysing the potential
volume of shipping, we estimate a mode choice model which allows us to
study the sensitivity of final clients (horticultural operators) to future
change in the variables which condition the choice between transport by
sea or by land. This will also help us to calculate the market share of
each system as a function of foreseeable change in the variables.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 451-471
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903083705
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903083705
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:4:p:451-471
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Odeck
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Odeck
Title: What Determines Decision‐Makers’ Preferences for Road Investments? Evidence from the Norwegian Road Sector
Abstract:
Abstract What determines decision‐makers’
preferences for road projects has been a subject of debate in the
transport economics literature for decades. Because economic assessments
of road projects are conducted subject to demands by
decision‐makers in almost all western European countries and the
USA, it should be expected that they use these assessments in one way or
another to determine the preferred portfolios of projects. This paper
attempts to reveal the preference of decision‐makers with respect
to road investment projects to be included in the Norwegian National
Transport Plan for the period 2002--11. The decision‐makers are the
Norwegian parliament members. The basis for considering each individual
project for investment is the Impact Assessment sheet containing monetized
and non‐monetized impacts that will accrue to society if a project
is implemented. The dataset comprises a pool of 1121 independent projects,
of which 184 were selected for investment. We hypothesize different models
that may explain decision‐making using a multinomial logit model.
The preferred model shows that most of the variables determining decisions
are actually included in the traditional benefit--cost analyses (BCAs),
except that the decision‐maker takes account of them in
non‐monetary units rather than in a composite benefit--cost ratio
or net present value. Further, among the government’s three stated
objectives of efficiency, safety and regional development, only safety is
found to be significant in the preferred model. These results support
other previous studies to the extent that a BCA per se does not matter in
decision‐making, but its components matter in a
non‐monetized form.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 473-494
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903138640
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903138640
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:4:p:473-494
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Virginie Dejoux
Author-X-Name-First: Virginie
Author-X-Name-Last: Dejoux
Author-Name: Yves D. Bussière
Author-X-Name-First: Yves D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bussière
Author-Name: Jean‐Loup Madre
Author-X-Name-First: Jean‐Loup
Author-X-Name-Last: Madre
Author-Name: Jimmy Armoogum
Author-X-Name-First: Jimmy
Author-X-Name-Last: Armoogum
Title: Projection of the Daily Travel of an Ageing Population: The Paris and Montreal Case, 1975--2020
Abstract:
Abstract Ageing of the population, urban sprawl and car
dependency will change travel patterns. The main objective of this paper
is to give elements for a better understanding of the impact of changing
demographics on the long‐term evolution of daily mobility using
demographic‐based models to forecast, for the elderly population,
car‐ownership, trip frequency, distance travelled, average trip
distance. A second objective is to measure the impact of the
long‐term tendencies observed on the appearance of new needs of
travel demand such as a rapid increase of demand‐responsive
transport. The paper compares two agglomerations, both in a strong ageing
process, but in cultural contexts: a large European metropolis, Paris; and
a medium sized North‐American city, Montreal. Many common
conclusions derived from the two different cases studies reinforce the
possibility of generalizing the conclusions to other situations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 495-515
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903166724
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903166724
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:4:p:495-515
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pedro Simões
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Simões
Author-Name: Rui Cunha Marques
Author-X-Name-First: Rui Cunha
Author-X-Name-Last: Marques
Title: Influence of Congestion Efficiency on the European Seaports Performance: Does It Matter?
Abstract:
Abstract The increase in cargo transportation has not
necessarily corresponded to an improvement in the productive efficiency.
Quite on the contrary, particular infrastructures are prone to the
congestion phenomenon. In this case, after a given value the increase in
inputs can lead to a decrease in outputs. The purpose of this study, based
on data envelopment analysis, is twofold. First, it aims to account for
the importance of congestion in European seaports. Second, it intends to
compare different alternatives to determine this kind of inefficiency. The
results show considerable signs of congestion in some European seaports.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 517-539
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903175592
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903175592
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:4:p:517-539
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zheng Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Toll Roads in Australia: An Overview of Characteristics and Accuracy of Demand Forecasts
Abstract:
Abstract A primary motivation of this paper is to draw
together, in one source, information on the nature, extent and performance
of Australia's evolving toll road network which is currently spread across
many disparate published and unpublished sources. This paper provides key
information (e.g. length, toll rates, year opened, operator(s) and payment
alternatives) on all of the fully interoperable toll roads in Australia
that are present in Sydney (e.g. the M2, M4, M5, etc.), Melbourne
(CityLink and EastLink) and Brisbane (the Gateway Bridge, the Logan
Motorway and the Gateway Extension). Where available, we compare and
discuss actual traffic levels and forecasts, revealing the sizeable gap or
‘error’ in forecasts, especially during the first year of
operation. Ordinary least squares regression and panel random effects
regression models are developed to identify potential sources of
explanation of differences in error forecasts between the Australian toll
roads at various points post the opening date. A separate analysis of a
sample of toll roads in the USA was also undertaken that supports the main
findings from the Australian toll road network. Key influences on errors
in forecasts are the capacity of a toll road, the elapsed time that the
toll road has been in place, the specific period of time in which a tolled
road is introduced into the network (which influences the complexity of
route options including multiple tolled routes and hence toll saturation),
the length of the tolled route, the presence of cash payment and the
charging regime (i.e. fixed vs. distance‐based or variable user
tolls).
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 541-569
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903211173
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903211173
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:5:p:541-569
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul A. Barter
Author-X-Name-First: Paul A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Barter
Title: Off‐Street Parking Policy without Parking Requirements: A Need for Market Fostering and Regulation
Abstract:
Abstract This paper addresses and extends upon the recent
upsurge of interest in market‐oriented reform of parking policy,
which has been reinvigorated by the work of Donald Shoup. His
market‐oriented approach to parking policy is shown to be the more
ambitious of two distinct challenges to the conventional
supply‐focused approach. The other is ‘parking
management’. However, off‐street parking markets and their
post‐reform dynamics have been neglected so far in proposals to
deregulate the quantity of off‐street parking. The paper highlights
additional barriers to the emergence of off‐street parking markets
and several likely problems within them. Rather than suggesting the
rejection of market‐oriented parking policy, these findings are
taken to imply a need for a more vigorous policy effort than has so far
been called for. Achieving well‐functioning off‐street
parking markets would require efforts both to actively foster such markets
and to regulate to ensure their health. Deregulation would not be enough.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 571-588
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903216958
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903216958
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:5:p:571-588
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H. Y. Tong
Author-X-Name-First: H. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tong
Author-Name: W. T. Hung
Author-X-Name-First: W. T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hung
Title: A Framework for Developing Driving Cycles with On‐Road Driving Data
Abstract:
Abstract This paper attempts to propose a framework on
driving cycle development based on a thorough review of 101 transient
driving cycles. A comparison of the driving cycles highlighted that Asian
driving is the slowest but most aggressive while European driving is the
fastest and smoothest. Further review of the cycle development
methodologies identified three major elements for developing a driving
cycle; test route selection, data collection and cycle construction
methods. A framework was eventually proposed based on these findings and
recommendations from this review. First, traffic activity patterns and
quantitative statistics should be considered in determining the test
routes. Speed data can be collected by using chase car method,
on‐board measurement techniques or their hybrid. As for the
construction of driving cycle, the matching approach has been more
commonly used. It is recommended that the tendency of zero change in
acceleration, which has been commonly ignored in the literature, and the
application of succession probability at second‐by‐second
level should be further explored. A fifth mode, creeping, is also
recommended for modal analysis for characterizing urban congested driving
conditions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 589-615
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903286134
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903286134
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:5:p:589-615
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harald M. Hjelle
Author-X-Name-First: Harald M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hjelle
Title: Short Sea Shipping’s Green Label at Risk
Abstract:
Abstract Shifting cargo from land‐based modes to
maritime transport has been a prioritized policy in many policy papers to
make transport more environmental friendly. Traditional calculations of
emissions per transport capacity unit have supported this. However,
maritime transport may stand to loose its good environmental reputation in
comparison to road transport due to (1) the sluggish processes in maritime
environmental policies and the low ambition level of current regulations,
(2) the much higher focus on improving the environmental efficiency of the
road haulage industry, (3) the much longer economic life of vessels
compared to trucks, and (4) focus on faster vessels that increase the
average fuel consumption of the sea transport alternative. Through a
realistic case study, the energy efficiency and emissions of alternative
multimodal transport chains is presented to illustrate these points.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 617-640
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903289849
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903289849
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:5:p:617-640
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deborah Salon
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah
Author-X-Name-Last: Salon
Author-Name: Sumila Gulyani
Author-X-Name-First: Sumila
Author-X-Name-Last: Gulyani
Title: Mobility, Poverty, and Gender: Travel ‘Choices’ of Slum Residents in Nairobi, Kenya
Abstract:
Abstract A survey of 4375 slum residents in Nairobi,
Kenya, reveals that the majority cannot afford any of the motorized
transport options in the city. They cope by limiting their travel outside
their settlement and, if they do travel, by often ‘choosing’
to walk. As compared to the non‐poor, poor households are
systematically worse off. But the burden of reduced mobility is borne
disproportionately by women and children. Using joint‐choice
modelling to empirically explore the travel ‘choices’ of
Nairobi’s slum residents, we show that women, men, and children in
this population face distinct barriers to access. We conclude that policy
aiming to improve mobility and transport access for the poor needs to
grapple not only with the crucial issue of affordability but also with
specific constraints faced by women and children.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 641-657
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903298998
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903298998
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:5:p:641-657
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Metz
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Metz
Title: Saturation of Demand for Daily Travel
Abstract:
Abstract Data from successive national travel surveys show
that important characteristics of personal daily travel behaviour in
Britain are comparatively stable. Over a 35‐year period, there has
been little change in average travel time, journey frequency, purposes of
journeys, and proportion of household income devoted to travel. The one
factor that has changed significantly is distance travelled, as people
have taken advantage of growing incomes to travel faster, thus gaining
access to a greater choice of destinations. However, this growth in
distance travelled has now ceased, an outcome which is helpful in relation
to concerns about sustainability and the environmental impact of the
transport system. The explanation proposed for this cessation of growth is
that mobility‐based access and choice increase with the square of
the speed of travel, whereas the value of additional choice is
characterized by diminishing marginal utility. Hence, a saturation of the
demand for daily travel is to be expected, a novel conclusion.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 659-674
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903556361
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903556361
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:5:p:659-674
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karen Anderton
Author-X-Name-First: Karen
Author-X-Name-Last: Anderton
Title: Two Billion Cars: Driving Towards Sustainability
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 675-676
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2010
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903187092
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903187092
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2010:i:5:p:675-676
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher K. Strong
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Strong
Author-Name: Zhirui Ye
Author-X-Name-First: Zhirui
Author-X-Name-Last: Ye
Author-Name: Xianming Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Xianming
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Title: Safety Effects of Winter Weather: The State of Knowledge and Remaining Challenges
Abstract:
Abstract In recent years, there has been growing
recognition of the effects of weather on the surface transportation
system. Although considerable work has been done in quantifying the
effects of weather on the highway system, there is still much that remains
unknown about the relationship between weather and highway system
performance. This paper synthesizes the findings from some of the major
efforts in this area. The review of existing studies found consistent
patterns that adverse weather reduces traffic speed and increases crash
frequencies, while fatal crashes are decreased. A table is then presented
which estimates the change in crash frequency and vehicle travel speed
resulting from various winter weather conditions, based on a synthesis of
earlier work. To estimate the safety and speed adjustment factors of
compacted snow, a severity index is also developed. Recognizing the lack
of comparability between the results of the studies, the paper concludes
with a detailed discussion of avenues for future research which could help
to address some of the gaps which currently exist. These challenges
include, but are no limited to: quantification of the dynamic layer,
development of the relationship between pavement friction and the
composition of the dynamic layer, evaluation of the effects of pavement
friction on vehicle speed, and evaluation of safety effects of weather
conditions above the pavement.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 677-699
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903414470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903414470
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:6:p:677-699
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jinan Piao
Author-X-Name-First: Jinan
Author-X-Name-Last: Piao
Author-Name: Mark Beecroft
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Beecroft
Author-Name: Mike McDonald
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald
Title: Vehicle Positioning for Improving Road Safety
Abstract:
Abstract Vehicle positioning is a key requirement for many
safety applications. Active safety systems require precise vehicle
positioning in order to assess the safety threats accurately, especially
for those systems which are developed for warning/intervention in safety
critical situations. When warning drivers of a local hazard (e.g. an
accident site), accurate vehicle location information is important for
warning the right driver groups at the right time. Global positioning
system and digital maps have become major tools for vehicle positioning
providing not only vehicle location information but also geometry preview
of the road being used. Advances in wireless communication have made it
possible for a vehicle to share its location information with other
vehicles and traffic operation centres which greatly increases the
opportunities to apply vehicle positioning technologies for improving road
safety. This paper presents a state‐of‐the‐art review
of vehicle positioning requirements for safety applications and vehicle
positioning technologies. The paper also examines key issues relating to
current and potential future applications of vehicle positioning
technologies for improving road safety.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 701-715
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903441531
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903441531
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:6:p:701-715
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hsing‐Chung Chu
Author-X-Name-First: Hsing‐Chung
Author-X-Name-Last: Chu
Author-Name: Michael D. Meyer
Author-X-Name-First: Michael D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer
Title: Methodology for Assessing Safety Benefits of Truck Diversion from Truck‐Only Toll Lanes to Arterials
Abstract:
Abstract This paper reports on a crash prediction model
that was used to estimate the change in truck‐related crashes on
parallel arterials caused by the diversion of truck trips from prospective
truck‐only toll (TOT) lanes in the Atlanta freeway network. A
negative binomial regression was used to model truck crash prediction on
arterial roads. Three variables, vehicle‐kilometres travelled,
truck percent‐kilometres per lane, and the
volume‐to‐capacity ratio, are shown to have significant
influence on truck‐related crashes. Two toll policies of mandatory
and voluntary use of TOT lanes were examined to determine their effects on
truck‐related crashes on parallel arterials. It was estimated that
an average of 8% and 6% reduction in truck crash frequency, respectively,
would occur.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 717-731
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2009
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903522280
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903522280
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2009:i:6:p:717-731
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claus Lassen
Author-X-Name-First: Claus
Author-X-Name-Last: Lassen
Title: Environmentalist in Business Class: An Analysis of Air Travel and Environmental Attitude
Abstract:
Abstract The strong growth in air travel raises the
question of environmental awareness among air travellers. This article
focuses on the exclusion of serious environmental problems of
international air travel from the air travellers’ environmental
consciousness. It approaches this question, in particular, by exploring
international work‐related air travel in two Danish knowledge
organizations. The article identifies that the knowledge workers, in
general, consider themselves as environmentally aware. However, there is
no connection between their environmental attitude and their actual travel
behaviour. The article shows that a number of other rationalities seem to
affect the travel behaviour more strongly than environmental attitude.
Subsequently by reviewing other studies, the article describes how the
exclusion of air travel from the environmental consciousness is not only
the case among knowledge workers but also seems to be a general problem in
relation to flying in modern societies. In the discussion and conclusion,
the article therefore focuses on the possibility of creating a stronger
link between air travel behaviour and environmental attitude.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 733-751
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2010
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441641003736556
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441641003736556
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2010:i:6:p:733-751
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yulin Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Yulin
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Jonathan Bunker
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Bunker
Author-Name: Luis Ferreira
Author-X-Name-First: Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira
Title: Transit Users’ Route‐Choice Modelling in Transit Assignment: A Review
Abstract:
Abstract This paper reviews the main studies on transit
users’ route choice in the context of transit assignment. The
studies are categorized into three groups: static transit assignment,
within‐day dynamic transit assignment, and emerging approaches. The
motivations and behavioural assumptions of these approaches are
re‐examined. The first group includes shortest‐path
heuristics in all‐or‐nothing assignment, random utility
maximization route‐choice models in stochastic assignment, and user
equilibrium based assignment. The second group covers within‐day
dynamics in transit users’ route choice, transit network
formulations, and dynamic transit assignment. The third group introduces
the emerging studies on behavioural complexities, day‐to‐day
dynamics, and real‐time dynamics in transit users’ route
choice. Future research directions are also discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 753-769
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2010
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441641003744261
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441641003744261
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2010:i:6:p:753-769
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evert Jan van de Kaa
Author-X-Name-First: Evert Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: van de Kaa
Title: Applicability of an Extended Prospect Theory to Travel Behaviour Research: A Meta‐Analysis
Abstract:
Abstract In transport research, choice behaviour is
commonly investigated by using discrete choice models that comply with the
utility theory (UT) paradigm. The objective of this article is to assess
the extent to which the assumptions of an extended version of prospect
theory (PT) allow for a better description of travellers’ choice
behaviour than UT. To that aim the travel behaviour literature was
reviewed for information about observed choice behaviour suitable for such
a comparison. The review yielded 106 studies that covered almost the whole
range of domains and contexts of travel behaviour. Compared to the
corresponding assumptions of UT, a meta‐analysis showed a better
descriptive performance of reference‐dependent framing connected
with loss‐aversive valuation, and of interpersonal heterogeneity in
choice behaviour strategies. Diminishing sensitivity approached the
observed behaviour better than the sign‐independent utility
function of UT in several studies where a comparison was feasible. In
choice under risk or uncertainty, the non‐linear weighting of
probabilities in connection with loss aversion appeared to offer a better
description than expected UT. It is concluded that the joint application
of the assumptions of an extended PT might provide a better understanding
of human choice behaviour over the whole range of travel‐related
contexts.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 771-804
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2010
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.486907
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.486907
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2010:i:6:p:771-804
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter White
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Title: Public Transport and its Users: The Passenger’s Perspective in Planning and Customer Care
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 805-806
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2010
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640903299103
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640903299103
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2010:i:6:p:805-806
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yael Parag
Author-X-Name-First: Yael
Author-X-Name-Last: Parag
Title: Plug‐In Electric Vehicles: What Role for Washington?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 806-808
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2010
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441641003590359
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441641003590359
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:30:y:2010:i:6:p:806-808
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luis Ignacio Rizzi
Author-X-Name-First: Luis Ignacio
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzi
Author-Name: Sebastián Cumsille
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastián
Author-X-Name-Last: Cumsille
Author-Name: Francisco Fresard
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco
Author-X-Name-Last: Fresard
Author-Name: Pedro Gazmuri
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Gazmuri
Author-Name: Juan Carlos Muñoz
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Muñoz
Title: Cost‐Effective Measures for Reducing Road Fatalities in the Short Term
Abstract:
Abstract When traffic safety statistics in less developed
countries (even those where enormous progress has been made in the last
years) are compared with those of more advanced countries, it is evident
that there is still a great deal to be done. Using Chile as a case study,
we propose a set of measures to significantly reduce fatalities in the
short term. A simple methodology is proposed to guide the process of
selecting the most promising measures, taking into account their
cost‐effectiveness. Eight such measures are identified and their
potential benefits and costs of implementation are estimated for our case
study. Special care is taken in choosing measures aimed at protecting
vulnerable road users who represent around 50% of road fatalities in
Chile. The plan we propose has the potential to reduce 460 fatalities per
year (i.e. 21%), as a conservative estimate. A discussion on the
transferability of these results to other developing nations is offered.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-24
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2010
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441641003736572
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441641003736572
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2010:i:1:p:1-24
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tijs Neutens
Author-X-Name-First: Tijs
Author-X-Name-Last: Neutens
Author-Name: Tim Schwanen
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwanen
Author-Name: Frank Witlox
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox
Title: The Prism of Everyday Life: Towards a New Research Agenda for Time Geography
Abstract:
Abstract In light of the renewed attention for time
geography in the transport modelling field in recent years, this paper
provides a timely state‐of‐the‐art review of the
contributions of the time‐geographic approach to the closely
related research areas of transport planning and accessibility analysis.
Specific attention will be devoted to the ways in which recent advances in
time geography have deepened the understanding of human activities and
travel possibilities in space and time. From this literature review, a
detailed research agenda is derived and the latest research attempts to
deal with lingering time‐geographic issues are discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 25-47
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2010
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.484153
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.484153
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2010:i:1:p:25-47
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marta Sánchez‐Borràs
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Sánchez‐Borràs
Author-Name: Andrés López‐Pita
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: López‐Pita
Title: Rail Infrastructure Charging Systems for High‐Speed Lines in Europe
Abstract:
Abstract In the European railway framework, the expenses
of rail infrastructure costs are partly covered by the governments and
partly by the infrastructure managers through the infrastructure charges
that operators pay to them for rendering services in the infrastructure
they manage. However, the extent to which infrastructure charges cover
infrastructure costs is higher for high‐speed lines (HSLs) than for
conventional lines. This communication characterizes the infrastructure
charging systems for HSLs implemented in Europe and analyses the level of
charges applied to these lines with the aim of quantifying and analysing
the mark‐ups above marginal cost that are being charged to
high‐speed services running in the European HSLs. The survey covers
France, Spain, Germany, Italy and Belgium. Neither The Netherlands nor the
UK are covered: the former does not commercially exploit HSLs yet, whereas
the latter renders passenger transport services by means of franchised
passenger train operators. The results obtained show that, despite the
great differences between charging systems for HSLs, important
mark‐ups above marginal costs are applied by all the systems
analysed and that common features between them can be established.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 49-68
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2010
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.489340
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.489340
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2010:i:1:p:49-68
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Taotao Deng
Author-X-Name-First: Taotao
Author-X-Name-Last: Deng
Author-Name: John D. Nelson
Author-X-Name-First: John D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson
Title: Recent Developments in Bus Rapid Transit: A Review of the Literature
Abstract:
Abstract Bus rapid transit (BRT), characterized by modern
vehicles, dedicated busway and applications of intelligent transportation
systems (ITS) technologies, is increasingly considered as a
cost‐effective approach of providing a high‐quality
transport service. Many cities across the world have recently launched
ambitious programmes of BRT system implementation with varying success.
This paper intends to provide an overview of the recent developments of
BRT across the globe, and discusses the current issues and debates
relating to the land development impact of BRT. It considers in turn the
impact of BRT examining technical performance, cost issues and land
development impact. The paper concludes that appropriately designed and
operated BRT systems offer an innovative approach to providing a
high‐quality transport service, comparable to a rail service but at
a relatively low cost and short implementation time. In common with other
forms of mass transit, a full‐featured BRT has the potential to
offer significant effects on land development; the literature review also
indicates that more work is needed to investigate this.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 69-96
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2010
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.492455
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.492455
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2010:i:1:p:69-96
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zheng Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: David Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Prospect Theoretic Contributions in Understanding Traveller Behaviour: A Review and Some Comments
Abstract:
Abstract Over the last 15 years we have seen a small but
growing interest in Prospect Theory (PT) as an alternative behavioural
paradigm within which to represent traveller behaviour. Some elements of
PT such as gains and losses have become so popular in travel choice
studies that authors increasingly indicate that they are applying PT. In
its strictest interpretation, PT has a number of essential elements that
must be included if the link with PT can be claimed. This paper reviews
recent transportation studies which report an association with PT as a way
of gaining a greater appreciation of what is and what is not an
application of PT. We set the scene by providing an overview of PT using
studies in the fields of psychology and behavioural economics, where PT
was originally established and further developed, and then identify travel
behaviour studies which satisfy the PT (Original or Cumulative PT)
conditions. A number of specific issues are identified to highlight the
connection to PT, including empirically estimated prospect theoretic
parameters and referencing. Some behavioural limitations of the reviewed
transport PT studies are also presented, including the absence of
willingness to pay estimates and consideration of unobserved
between‐individual heterogeneity.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 97-115
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2010
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.498589
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.498589
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2010:i:1:p:97-115
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eda Beyazit
Author-X-Name-First: Eda
Author-X-Name-Last: Beyazit
Title: Evaluating Social Justice in Transport: Lessons to be Learned from the Capability Approach
Abstract:
Abstract Recent theoretical and empirical studies show
that there is a growing interest in considering wider social and economic
impacts of transport. Since transport has an important role in
distributing socio‐economic benefits or losses created by different
means or by transport itself, it has a crucial role in the discussion of
social justice. This importance occurs from transport’s different
effects depending on the levels or the types of equity in the
distribution: transport can help develop socially just societies or cause
disparities between different or within same geographies. Therefore, for
the system to be efficient, the distribution needs to be socially just.
This paper provides a synthesis of social justice and transport literature
in terms of equal rights and shares, freedom, capabilities, opportunities
and choices by making use of contemporary approaches in the social justice
theory and considering the varieties in different geographies, individuals
and markets. Using the Capability Approach (CA), this paper first
highlights the areas which need to be discussed in transport studies in
terms of social justice, and second suggests a methodology which considers
social justice norms in transport research by engaging the CA with
existing methods.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 117-134
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2010
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.504900
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.504900
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2010:i:1:p:117-134
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lynn Minnaert
Author-X-Name-First: Lynn
Author-X-Name-Last: Minnaert
Title: International Business Travel in the Global Economy
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 135-136
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.498590
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.498590
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:1:p:135-136
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Cullen
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Cullen
Title: Taxi! Urban Economies and the Social and Transport Impacts of the Taxicab
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 136-137
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.498591
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.498591
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:1:p:136-137
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Transport and economic development: reviewing the evidence
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.603283
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.603283
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:1:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nannan Yu
Author-X-Name-First: Nannan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yu
Author-Name: Martin De Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: De Jong
Author-Name: Servaas Storm
Author-X-Name-First: Servaas
Author-X-Name-Last: Storm
Author-Name: Jianing Mi
Author-X-Name-First: Jianing
Author-X-Name-Last: Mi
Title: Transport Infrastructure, Spatial Clusters and Regional Economic Growth in China
Abstract:
China's transport infrastructure distribution and its economic activities
have largely the same pattern of spatial clusters. This paper aims to
determine whether causal linkages exist between transport infrastructure
investment and economic growth in China at national and regional levels.
We examine causality in a panel cointegration and a Granger causality
framework using time series data throughout the 1978--2008 period. The
empirical findings show that in the long run, at the national level, there
is unidirectional Granger causality from economic growth to transport
infrastructure; at the regional level, there exists bidirectional
causality in the affluent eastern region while the low-income central and
western regions exhibit unidirectional Granger causality from economic
growth to transport infrastructure. These results imply that an
improvement in transport infrastructure alone is not sufficient for
stimulating economic growth in the underdeveloped areas of China. To
better realize the economic benefits brought by transport infrastructure,
the Chinese government should pay serious attention to the development of
complementary factors in the central and western provinces.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 3-28
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.603104
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.603104
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:1:p:3-28
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonas Eliasson
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: Eliasson
Author-Name: Mattias Lundberg
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias
Author-X-Name-Last: Lundberg
Title: Do Cost--Benefit Analyses Influence Transport Investment Decisions? Experiences from the Swedish Transport Investment Plan 2010--21
Abstract:
Cost--benefit analysis (CBA) for transport investments is particularly
useful for situations where a large number of investments have to be
ranked against each other. This study draws on experiences from the
development of the Swedish National Transport Investment Plan 2010--21. We
study how CBA results were used in the process of shaping the investment
plan and what influence they had on investment decisions. In particular,
we compare the planners' rankings versus the politicians' rankings. We
find that planners' rankings of investments are influenced by
benefit--cost ratios (BCRs), in particular for low and moderate BCRs,
while the politicians' rankings are not. By interviewing planners about
how CBA was used in the process, we clarify what role CBA actually played
in the planning process. We find that not only did the CBAs play a role in
investment selection, they also forced investment design to be more
cost-efficient. Furthermore, we explore planners' implicit valuations, as
revealed by their investment selection, finding that freight benefits were
implicitly valued higher and traffic safety lower than the officially
recommended CBA weights. Finally, we identify the most important areas for
improvement of CBA state-of-practice methodology.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 29-48
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.582541
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.582541
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:1:p:29-48
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malachy Carey
Author-X-Name-First: Malachy
Author-X-Name-Last: Carey
Author-Name: Michael Bowers
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowers
Title: A Review of Properties of Flow--Density Functions
Abstract:
Flow--density functions are often described as the fundamental
relationship of traffic theory and are the basis of kinematic wave models
or hydrodynamic models which are used to describe, predict or analyse
traffic behaviour. We set out several different properties that it is
generally agreed that flow--density functions should satisfy. We then take
the many forms of flow--density functions that have been proposed or used
over the past several decades, derive the properties of each one and
consider whether, or to what extent, they satisfy each of the desirable
properties. We find that few, if any, flow--density functions satisfy all
of the desirable properties. The main reasons for this are that, in almost
all cases, there are not enough independent parameters in the
flow--density functions to capture all of the desirable properties and
that, in almost all cases, the flow--density functions are specified as a
single analytic function rather than a different function for each range
of traffic behaviours, such as free-flow, congested and heavily congested
traffic.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 49-73
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.608135
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.608135
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:1:p:49-73
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caspar Chorus
Author-X-Name-First: Caspar
Author-X-Name-Last: Chorus
Title: Random Regret Minimization: An Overview of Model Properties and Empirical Evidence
Abstract:
This paper presents an overview of model properties and empirical
evidence related to the recently introduced discrete choice paradigm of
random regret minimization (RRM). The RRM approach to discrete choice
modelling provides an alternative to the conventional, linear-additive
random utility maximization (RUM)-based approach which has dominated the
field since its inception. Section of Transport and Logistics RRM models
postulate that when choosing, decision-makers are concerned with avoiding
the situation where one or more non-chosen alternatives perform better
than a chosen one in terms of one or more attributes. From this central
behavioural premise, semi-compensatory decision-making and choice set
composition effects like the compromise effect emerge as RRM model
features. Being as parsimonious as RUM's linear-additive multinomial logit
model, RRM features logit choice probabilities and is easily estimable
using conventional discrete choice software packages. This paper ties
together the main insights and results from a number of recent studies
that have explored RRM's model properties and empirically tested RRM-based
models Delft University of Technology, based on a range of revealed and
stated choice data sets. As such, the paper allows for an early assessment
of RRM's potential and its limitations as a model of discrete (travel)
choice behaviour.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 75-92
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.609947
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.609947
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:1:p:75-92
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nelson D. Chan
Author-X-Name-First: Nelson D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chan
Author-Name: Susan A. Shaheen
Author-X-Name-First: Susan A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaheen
Title: Ridesharing in North America: Past, Present, and Future
Abstract:
Since the late 1990s, numerous ridematching programmes have integrated
the Internet, mobile phones, and social networking into their services.
Online ridematching systems are employing a range of new strategies to
create “critical mass”: (1) regional and large employer
partnerships, (2) financial incentives, (3) social networking to younger
populations, and (4) real-time ridematching services that employ
“smartphones” and automated ridematching software. Enhanced
casual carpooling approaches, which focus on “meeting
places”, are also being explored. Today, ridesharing represents
approximately 8--11% of the transportation modal share in Canada and the
USA, respectively. There are approximately 638 ridematching programmes in
North America. Ridesharing's evolution can be categorized into five
phases: (1) World War II car-sharing (or carpooling) clubs; (2) major
responses to the 1970s energy crises; (3) early organized ridesharing
schemes; (4) reliable ridesharing systems; and (5) technology-enabled
ridematching. While ridesharing's future growth and direction are
uncertain, the next decade is likely to include greater interoperability
among services, technology integration, and stronger policy support. In
light of growing concerns about climate change, congestion, and oil
dependency, more research is needed to better understand ridesharing's
impacts on infrastructure, congestion, and energy/emissions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 93-112
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.621557
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.621557
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:1:p:93-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Author-Name: Amer Shalaby
Author-X-Name-First: Amer
Author-X-Name-Last: Shalaby
Title: Synthesis of Transport Planning Approaches for the World's Largest Events
Abstract:
This paper explores transport planning approaches adopted for the Summer
Olympic Games (SOG) and identifies lessons learned for planning of the
world's largest regular special event; the Hajj/Umrah Pilgrimage in
Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The Hajj/Umrah Pilgrimage has been held annually for
many centuries. Major growth has occurred in recent decades with some 6
million visitors p.a. including 3 million during the week of the Hajj
event and 1 million during Ramadan. These events now represent the largest
regular special event in history and are expected to grow substantially
into the future. SOG is probably the second largest regularly held major
event, held over 2 weeks in major host cities every 4 years. Olympic host
cities commonly already exhibit congested transport networks but must cope
with over 40 000 Olympic officials and athletes in addition up to 8
million ticketed spectators. Olympic transport planning is a critical
factor in games performance. This paper describes the context for each
event and the nature of transport demand and supply and outlines the
transport planning approaches used. A major aim is to synthesize lessons
learned between events and to illustrate the performance of alternative
strategies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 113-136
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.601352
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.601352
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:1:p:113-136
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Ryley
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Ryley
Title: Aviation and Climate Change. Lessons for European Policy
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 137-138
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.582542
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.582542
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:1:p:137-138
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tor-Olav Nævestad
Author-X-Name-First: Tor-Olav
Author-X-Name-Last: Nævestad
Author-Name: Torkel Bjørnskau
Author-X-Name-First: Torkel
Author-X-Name-Last: Bjørnskau
Title: How Can the Safety Culture Perspective be Applied to Road Traffic?
Abstract:
Recent research suggests that the concept of safety culture, specified as
traffic safety culture, may have great potential for
improving traffic safety. However, as the safety culture concept has been
traditionally applied to an organization and its members, the main aim of
this paper is to examine how the concept can be applied to road traffic.
This is largely a question of which analytical unit the traffic safety
culture concept could be applied to. This paper examines three
alternatives: (1) local communities, (2) nations, and (3) peer groups.
These alternatives are evaluated against four criteria: (A) Is it well
defined? (B) Can it be used to explain traffic safety behaviour? (C) Is it
possible to influence? (D) Does it provide new insights into traffic
safety problems? This paper concludes that while the local community
alternative and national alternative appear too heterogeneous, the peer
group alternative provides what seems to be a new and promising basis for
targeted traffic safety interventions. The discussion indicates, however,
issues that need to be examined in further research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 139-154
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.628131
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.628131
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:2:p:139-154
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sofia Molander
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Molander
Author-Name: Markus Fellesson
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Fellesson
Author-Name: Margareta Friman
Author-X-Name-First: Margareta
Author-X-Name-Last: Friman
Author-Name: Per Skålén
Author-X-Name-First: Per
Author-X-Name-Last: Skålén
Title: Market Orientation in Public Transport Research—A Review
Abstract:
It is commonly argued that, in order to meet increasing competition,
public transport organizations and systems need to be market oriented.
Even though the notion of market orientationhas not been explicitly
addressed in public transport research, studies relevant to market
orientation have been conducted. The aim of this paper is to introduce the
concept of market orientation into the field of public transport, to
review previous research into market orientation in public transport
research, and to suggest directions for future research. Market
orientation is defined as the generation and dissemination of market
intelligence by organizations, as well as responses to it. The review
suggests that previous academic research has focused on intelligence
generation by developing and using models for measuring travel behaviour,
stated preferences, perceived customer quality, and satisfaction. Studies
of responsiveness have mainly addressed the physical improvements made in
public transport organizations, which is also the primary concern of the
industry research accounted for. There has been less research into the
dissemination of market intelligence, the drivers of market orientation,
the relations between the elements, and the overall concept of market
orientation in public transport. It is thus concluded that future public
transport research needs to address these issues.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 155-180
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.633248
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.633248
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:2:p:155-180
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alejandro Tirachini
Author-X-Name-First: Alejandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Tirachini
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Multimodal Transport Pricing: First Best, Second Best and Extensions to Non-motorized Transport
Abstract:
In this paper, we examine the main concepts of transport pricing in an
urban environment, focusing on the automobile, public transport and
walking or cycling as travel alternatives. A review of the literature on
the first-best and second-best pricing policies is provided, with an
emphasis on public transport pricing, including the setting of frequency
and vehicle capacity, the influence of bus congestion externalities and
the interactions between transport pricing reforms and the broader tax
system. A model is developed to analyse the impact of non-motorized
transport on optimal public transport pricing policy, congestion
interactions between cars and buses associated with the transfer of
passengers at bus stops and the existence of a capacity constraint within
the public transport mode.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 181-202
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.635318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.635318
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:2:p:181-202
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lóránt A. Tavasszy
Author-X-Name-First: Lóránt A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tavasszy
Author-Name: Kees Ruijgrok
Author-X-Name-First: Kees
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruijgrok
Author-Name: Igor Davydenko
Author-X-Name-First: Igor
Author-X-Name-Last: Davydenko
Title: Incorporating Logistics in Freight Transport Demand Models: State-of-the-Art and Research Opportunities
Abstract:
Freight transport demand is a demand derived from all the activities
needed to move goods between locations of production to locations of
consumption, including trade, logistics and transportation. A good
representation of logistics in freight transport demand models allows us
to predict the effects of changes in logistics systems on future transport
flows. As such it provides better estimations of the costs of interaction
and allows to predict changes in spatial patterns of freight transport
flows more accurately. In recent years, the attention for freight
modelling has been growing and new research work has appeared aimed at
incorporating logistics in freight models. In this paper we review the
state of the art in the representation of logistics considerations in
freight transport demand models. Our focus is on the service and cost
drivers of changes in logistics networks and how these affect freight
transport. Our review proceeds along a conceptual framework for modelling
that goes beyond the conventional 4-step modelling approach. We identify
promising areas for freight modelling that have an integrative function
within this framework, such as spatial computable general equilibrium
models, supply chain choice models and hypernetwork models.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 203-219
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.644640
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.644640
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:2:p:203-219
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zheng Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: David Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Accommodating Risk Attitudes in Freight Transport Behaviour Research
Abstract:
Behavioural choice modelling is growing in interest as a framework to
understand the decision-making of shippers, freight forwarders and other
freight agents. Since the 1980s, we have witnessed an increasing number of
freight behaviour studies, primarily the freight mode choice, where the
roles of one or more freight decision-makers has been addressed, which was
neglected in the traditional aggregate approach to freight demand
modelling. Stated preference techniques have become a main approach to
establishing the role of attributes that define the key drivers in the
freight distribution chain. The underlying theory of choice is based on
the neoclassical economic assumption that a decision-maker, in choosing,
acts as if they are a utility maximizer (working to deliver a profit
maximization or cost minimization outcome for the freight business), and
this utility maximizing behaviour engenders a population theory of Random
Utility Maximization (RUM). Despite the continuing appeal of the RUM
framework in applied travel choice studies, a number of specific
application assumptions have been questioned by studies in psychology and
behavioural economics, arguing that the decisions made by agents are often
conditioned on a number of underlying psychological components, one of
which is risk attitude. This paper reviews recent freight behaviour
studies established on RUM, and presents a major limitation of adopting a
risk-neutral assumption through its linear utility specification. Using an
existing freight stated choice data set, a nonlinear utility model is
estimated which reveals risk-taking attitudes of transporters and
shippers. An alternative behavioural paradigm, Rank-Dependent Utility
Theory (RDUT), is introduced and incorporated to better accommodate trip
time variability, a feature of growing importance in transport systems
(passenger and freight). The proposed attribute-specific extended RDUT
framework that accommodates the attitude towards risk and preference in
freight transport behaviour modelling requires new data, which we detail.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 221-239
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.645906
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:2:p:221-239
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Young-Tae Chang
Author-X-Name-First: Young-Tae
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang
Author-Name: Jose Tongzon
Author-X-Name-First: Jose
Author-X-Name-Last: Tongzon
Author-Name: Meifeng Luo
Author-X-Name-First: Meifeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Luo
Author-Name: Paul Tae-Woo Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Paul Tae-Woo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Title: Estimation of Optimal Handling Capacity of a Container Port: An Economic Approach
Abstract:
Port planners have to make decisions on optimal berth capacity for
container port development. The main purpose of this paper is twofold. One
is to review the current practices adopted by selected major ports in Asia
in estimating berth and port capacities in their planning decisions. The
other is to suggest a new approach to estimate the optimal capacity of a
berth/port from the perspective of a national economy and to show how the
traditional approach can integrate economic factors. Findings suggest that
port planners should look into incurring costs of not only the
construction, but also the opportunity costs of ships and cargo when
deciding to use port facilities to full capacity.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 241-258
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.644346
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.644346
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:2:p:241-258
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Book Review: Urban Transport in the Developing World: A Handbook of Policy and Practice
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 259-260
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.606480
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.606480
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:2:p:259-260
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sigal Kaplan
Author-X-Name-First: Sigal
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaplan
Title: Book Review: Auto-Motives: Understanding Car Use Behaviours
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 260-261
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.611953
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.611953
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:2:p:260-261
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Chiambaretto
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiambaretto
Title: Book Review: Airline Marketing and Management
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 261-262
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.623194
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.623194
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:2:p:261-262
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark J. Koetse
Author-X-Name-First: Mark J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Koetse
Author-Name: Piet Rietveld
Author-X-Name-First: Piet
Author-X-Name-Last: Rietveld
Title: Adaptation to Climate Change in the Transport Sector
Abstract:
In this study, we review the literature on climate change adaptation
measures in the transport sector. Many of the measures proposed are rather
conceptual and far from concrete, probably due to the fact that climate
change effects on transport are either unknown or highly uncertain. Given
the limited information on the potential magnitude of climate damages and
the various uncertainties involved, postponement of adaptation investments
may well be the most sensible strategy at the moment, especially when
investments are substantial and irreversible. Furthermore, monitoring of
relevant climatic changes and ongoing research into climate change effects
are important elements of a pro-active adaptation strategy. Irreversible
decisions, such as the ones on spatial organization, likely require a more
active strategy, e.g. in the form of making spatial reservations. We
further discuss the interdependency between optimal mitigation and
adaptation, an issue that is often overlooked in the literature. Finally,
most operators and governmental bodies are not used to dealing with risk
and uncertainty, and generally base their decisions on single risk values
only, likely leading to under- or overinvestment. We discuss several
relevant topics in this area and highlight methods that can be used to
better deal with these issues.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 267-286
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.657716
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.657716
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:3:p:267-286
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julian Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Author-Name: Michael Browne
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Browne
Author-Name: Tom Cherrett
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Cherrett
Title: Survey Techniques in Urban Freight Transport Studies
Abstract:
This article reviews and assesses the various survey techniques that have
been used in studies in which data have been collected to obtain an
understanding of road-based urban freight transport activities. The review
identified 162 such studies in 18 countries over the last 50 years, and 12
different types of urban survey technique. In the studies reviewed,
establishment surveys have been the most commonly used technique, followed
by freight operator surveys, vehicle observation surveys, driver surveys,
roadside interview surveys, and vehicle trip diaries. Few examples of
other survey techniques (commodity flow, parking, global positioning
system, supplier and service provider surveys) were identified.
Establishment and vehicle observation surveys have the potential to offer
insight into a wider range of issues associated with urban freight
deliveries and collections to and from establishments in a specific urban
area than the other survey techniques reviewed. These two survey
techniques can provide insight into the frequency of goods vehicles
deliveries and collections by time of day and day of week, the activities
involved in the loading/unloading process, and the freight requirements of
individual establishments. However, all 12 survey techniques provide
insight into varying aspects of urban freight operations and various
combinations are therefore likely to be used in future studies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 287-311
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.665949
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.665949
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:3:p:287-311
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Waiyan Leong
Author-X-Name-First: Waiyan
Author-X-Name-Last: Leong
Author-Name: David Alan Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Embedding Decision Heuristics in Discrete Choice Models: A Review
Abstract:
Contrary to the usual assumption of fixed, well-defined preferences, it
is increasingly evident that individuals are likely to approach a choice
task using rules and decision heuristics that are dependent on the choice
environment. More specifically, heuristics that are defined by the local
choice context, such as the gains or losses of an attribute value relative
to the other attributes, seem to be consistently employed. Recent
empirical findings also demonstrate that previous choices and previously
encountered choice tasks shown to respondents can affect the current
choice outcome, indicating a form of inter-dependence across choice sets.
This paper is primarily focused on reviewing how heuristics have been
modelled in stated choice data. The paper begins with a review of the
heuristics that may be relevant for coping with choice task complexity and
then proceeds to discuss some modelling approaches. Next, relational
heuristics, such as prospect theory, random regret minimization and
extremeness aversion (compromise effect) are discussed. These are
heuristics which operate within the local choice set. Another major class
of heuristics reviewed in this paper pertains to ordering effects and more
generally on past outcomes and past attribute levels of the alternatives.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 313-331
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.671195
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.671195
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:3:p:313-331
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Rosa Pires Da Cruz
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Rosa Pires
Author-X-Name-Last: Da Cruz
Author-Name: João J. Ferreira
Author-X-Name-First: João J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira
Author-Name: Susana Garrido Azevedo
Author-X-Name-First: Susana Garrido
Author-X-Name-Last: Azevedo
Title: A Strategic Diagnostic Tool Applied to Iberian Seaports: An Evolutionary Perspective
Abstract:
The highly competitive and rapidly changing environment faced by
businesses has greatly increased the need for strategic planning. The
importance of formulating strategies to reach competitive advantages with
implications in the performance is becoming increasingly evident in the
seaport context. Thus, it is relevant and appropriate to apply strategic
positioning tools to seaports given the role of competitive strategies in
the growth and development of this industry. This research aims to analyse
the strategic positioning of the leading Iberian Peninsula seaports
(Portuguese and Spanish seaports) using the Boston Consulting Group (BCG)
matrix as a strategic tool in an evolutionary perspective. The portfolio
analysis developed subsequently focuses on the annual data of eight
seaports in a selected period of 18 years (1992--2009) and on five
categories of traffic: liquid bulk (LB), dry bulk (DB), containers (CO),
ro-ro (roll-on/roll-off) and conventional cargo (CC). This research allows
us to compare and analyse different levels of performance and identify
which of the seaports have improved their strategic positioning during the
considered period. The findings reveal a better positioning of Spanish
seaports in relation to total traffic and that most of the seaports in the
BCG matrix had changed from the first to the third period. The seaport of
Valencia is the only one that has maintained its Star Performer position
in all the 18 years analysed. Furthermore, considering container traffic,
the results evidence the seaports of Algeciras, Valencia and Barcelona as
having attained a remarkable position of leadership.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 333-349
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2011
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.647837
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.647837
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2011:i:3:p:333-349
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Su-Han Woo
Author-X-Name-First: Su-Han
Author-X-Name-Last: Woo
Author-Name: Stephen Pettit
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettit
Author-Name: Anthony Beresford
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: Beresford
Author-Name: Dong-Wook Kwak
Author-X-Name-First: Dong-Wook
Author-X-Name-Last: Kwak
Title: Seaport Research: A Decadal Analysis of Trends and Themes Since the 1980s
Abstract:
This paper uses a structured literature review approach to investigate
how seaports have been studied during the last three decades
(1980s--2000s), and to provide a detailed analysis of seaport-related
research during this period. To this end, 840 academic papers of relevance
were identified. This paper develops a structured analysis of the relevant
literature with general trends and research sub-themes being analysed on a
decadal basis. In addition, consideration is given as to how the
identified trends and research themes have reflected the evolution of
seaports. It is shown that the scale of research related to seaports
increased substantially during the 2000s, and that seaport research has
become a dominant theme in the area of maritime economic studies. It is
also clear that there has been a diversification of research with several
new themes emerging, reflecting the evolution of the port industry such as
the changing role of seaports in supply chains and logistics.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 351-377
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.660996
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.660996
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:3:p:351-377
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rico Merkert
Author-X-Name-First: Rico
Author-X-Name-Last: Merkert
Author-Name: James Odeck
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Odeck
Author-Name: Svein Brathen
Author-X-Name-First: Svein
Author-X-Name-Last: Brathen
Author-Name: Romano Pagliari
Author-X-Name-First: Romano
Author-X-Name-Last: Pagliari
Title: A Review of Different Benchmarking Methods in the Context of Regional Airports
Abstract:
This paper reviews the existing literature on airport benchmarking. In
addition to assessing the advantages and disadvantages of partial
productivity measures (PPM), we also discuss parametric and non-parametric
methods with reference to previous applications to the airport sector. Our
analytical framework for research synthesis is based on a comparative
study of the existing research findings and includes not only results from
longitudinal, cross-sectional and panel data analyses but also findings of
our own two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) case study. Our findings
suggest that the more sophisticated approaches can deliver powerful
insights into the performance of regional airports. The data for such an
analysis are available, yet no previous attempt has been made to apply
these methods to the context of regional airports. However, challenges do
exist, especially for very small airports, in terms of the reliability,
quality, robustness and complexity of such an efficiency analysis. As a
result we recommend that an appropriate methodology for comparing the
efficiency of regional airports should be based on a combination of PPM
with either a two-stage DEA or a stochastic frontier approach approach.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 379-395
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.662707
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.662707
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:3:p:379-395
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin J. Hayes
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hayes
Title: One Less Car: Bicycling and the Politics of Automobility
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 397-398
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.644347
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.644347
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:3:p:397-398
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lei Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Lei
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Frank Southworth
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Southworth
Author-Name: Chenfeng Xiong
Author-X-Name-First: Chenfeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiong
Author-Name: Anthon Sonnenberg
Author-X-Name-First: Anthon
Author-X-Name-Last: Sonnenberg
Title: Methodological Options and Data Sources for the Development of Long-Distance Passenger Travel Demand Models: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract:
Since the passage of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act
in 1991, a significant number of state highway agencies have started to
develop and implement statewide travel demand models to meet policy and
legislative development needs. Currently, however, a lack of up-to-date
multimodal and inter-regional passenger travel data hampers
analysts’ ability to conduct quantitative assessments of
long-distance travel infrastructure investment needs, at both the national
and statewide levels. Despite these data limitations, but also largely
shaped by them, long-distance travel modelling has become an increasingly
popular topic in recent years. This paper reviews several methodologies
for multimodal inter-regional travel demand estimation, drawing examples
from both state-specific modelling within the USA and from fully national
models being developed and applied in other parts of the world, notably in
Europe.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 399-433
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.688174
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.688174
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:4:p:399-433
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Malina
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Malina
Author-Name: Sascha Albers
Author-X-Name-First: Sascha
Author-X-Name-Last: Albers
Author-Name: Nathalie Kroll
Author-X-Name-First: Nathalie
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroll
Title: Airport Incentive Programmes: A European Perspective
Abstract:
This study investigates the current pricing practices at 200 airports in
the European Union (EU). The analysis shows that airport incentive
programmes, which are used in one-third of all airports, are generally a
common tool of airport pricing. This study also finds evidence of
bilateral agreements between airport operators or regional authorities, on
the one hand, and airlines, on the other hand, that substitute for
published incentive programmes. Geographically, the usage of these
different tools varies substantially between different EU countries. A
detailed assessment of the incentive schemes offered at German airports
within our broader European sample reveals that the average level of
landing and take-off, parking and positioning, and passenger charges is
generally reduced by more than 10%. The highest reduction amounts to 44%.
Given the usually low profit margin of airlines and that airport charges
account for up to 10% of the total operating costs, these incentives can
have an important influence on the economic viability of a route.
Moreover, in an airline's multi-criteria-based assessment of potential
market entries or route expansions, such incentive schemes might
compensate for selected weaknesses of an airport's strategic position.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 435-453
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.684223
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.684223
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:4:p:435-453
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Oliveira Cruz
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Oliveira
Author-X-Name-Last: Cruz
Author-Name: Rui Cunha Marques
Author-X-Name-First: Rui Cunha
Author-X-Name-Last: Marques
Title: Risk-Sharing in Seaport Terminal Concessions
Abstract:
Over the last two decades, infrastructure development has often been
supported by public--private partnerships, particularly under concession
arrangements. This paper addresses terminal concession contracts in the
seaport sector, and especially the problem of risk-sharing. An effective
allocation of risks is the base for the well functioning of the market,
and for the success of the ‘landlord’ model. Under this
model, the relationship between concessionaires and port authorities is
fully dependent on a contract that should be in force for the period of
the concession (20, 30 or more years). Based on several Portuguese
concession contracts, this paper addresses the issue of risk-sharing
agreements. Some policy implications are drawn, namely, alternative
contract arrangements to decrease opportunistic behaviour by
concessionaires, and to provide incentives to improve efficiency.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 455-471
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.664576
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.664576
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:4:p:455-471
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julian Allen
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Author-Name: Michael Browne
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Browne
Author-Name: Allan Woodburn
Author-X-Name-First: Allan
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodburn
Author-Name: Jacques Leonardi
Author-X-Name-First: Jacques
Author-X-Name-Last: Leonardi
Title: The Role of Urban Consolidation Centres in Sustainable Freight Transport
Abstract:
The paper reviews the study and use of urban consolidation centres (UCCs)
which are a freight transport initiative intended to reduce goods vehicle
traffic, vehicle-related greenhouse gas emissions and local air pollution.
An international literature review has identified 114 UCC schemes in 17
countries (12 in the European Union (EU) and 5 outside the EU) that have
been the subject of either a feasibility study, trial or a fully
operational scheme in the last 40 years. The period from 2006 to 2010 has
been the most active 5-year period in terms of UCC study, trial and scheme
generation since the first UCC study was carried out in the early 1970s.
Five countries account for the majority of all the 114 UCC schemes
identified: France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and the UK. The vast
majority of UCCs serve either all or part of an urban area. Examples of
UCCs serving a single property (such as an airport or shopping centre) and
construction sites have also been identified. Key organizational,
operational, and financial issues that are critical to the success of UCCs
are discussed. The traffic and environmental impacts of UCC trials and
fully operational schemes are also reviewed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 473-490
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.688074
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.688074
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:4:p:473-490
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. Y. Szeto
Author-X-Name-First: W. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Szeto
Author-Name: Xiaoqing Jaber
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoqing
Author-X-Name-Last: Jaber
Author-Name: S. C. Wong
Author-X-Name-First: S. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Title: Road Network Equilibrium Approaches to Environmental Sustainability
Abstract:
Environmental sustainability is closely related to transportation,
especially to the road network, because vehicle emissions and noise damage
the environment and have adverse effects on human health. It is,
therefore, important to take their effect into account when designing and
managing road networks. Road network equilibrium approaches have been used
to estimate this impact and to design and manage road networks
accordingly. However, no comprehensive review has summarized the
applications of these approaches to the design and management of road
networks that explicitly address environmental concerns. More importantly,
it is necessary to identify this gap in the literature so that future
research can improve the existing methodologies. Hence, this paper
summarizes these applications and identifies potential future research
directions in terms of theories, modelling approaches, algorithms,
analyses, and applications.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 491-518
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.690000
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.690000
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:4:p:491-518
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José I. Castillo-Manzano
Author-X-Name-First: José I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Castillo-Manzano
Author-Name: Juan P. Asencio-Flores
Author-X-Name-First: Juan P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Asencio-Flores
Title: Competition Between New Port Governance Models on the Iberian Peninsula
Abstract:
The aim of this article is to analyze the interaction between port
devolution processes in Portugal and Spain in their common geographical
environment, the Iberian Peninsula. Firstly a review is done of the
different port devolution processes in the world which specifically
analyses the transition of numerous public and centralized ports to the
landlord model. Among the conclusions that we can highlight with respect
to the Iberian port systems are the need for a reflection process before
any change is made to the port governance model, and greater cooperation
between the two countries to avoid any possible future port tariff price
wars. The over-investment process that the Spanish port devolution
process, especially, has generated must also be mentioned, for
highlighting once again the almost inexhaustible ability of ports to eat
up public funds for investment that precludes profitability.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 519-537
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.662538
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.662538
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:4:p:519-537
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Flora Ogilvie
Author-X-Name-First: Flora
Author-X-Name-Last: Ogilvie
Title: Book Review: Mobilities and Health
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 539-540
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.662539
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.662539
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:4:p:539-540
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Author-Name: John Pucher
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Pucher
Title: Demand for Public Transport in Germany and the USA: An Analysis of Rider Characteristics
Abstract:
This paper first provides a brief review of trends in public transport
demand from 1980 to 2010 in 16 countries in Europe, North America, and
Australia. The focus, however, is on a detailed analysis of public
transport demand in Germany and the USA, using uniquely comparable
national travel surveys from 2001/2002 and 2008/2009 for both countries.
Public transport has been far more successful in Germany than in the USA,
with much greater growth in overall passenger volumes and trips per
capita. Even controlling for differences between the countries in
demographics, socio-economics, and land use, logistic regressions show
that Germans are five times as likely as Americans to use public
transport. Moreover, public transport in Germany attracts a much broader
cross-section of society and for a greater diversity of trip purposes. The
success of German public transport is due to a coordinated package of
mutually supportive policies that include the following: (1) more and
better service, (2) attractive fares and convenient ticketing, (3) full
multimodal and regional integration, (4) high taxes and restrictions on
car use, and (5) land-use policies that promote compact, mixed-use
developments. It is the integrated package of complementary policies that
explains why public transport in Germany can compete so well with the
private car, even among affluent households. Conversely, it is the lack of
complementary policies that explains the continuing struggle of public
transport in the USA.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 541-567
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.707695
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.707695
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:5:p:541-567
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sander Van Cranenburgh
Author-X-Name-First: Sander
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Cranenburgh
Author-Name: Caspar Chorus
Author-X-Name-First: Caspar
Author-X-Name-Last: Chorus
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Title: Substantial Changes and Their Impact on Mobility: A Typology and an Overview of the Literature
Abstract:
During the past 40 years, mobility patterns have enduringly changed
several times as a result of the occurrence of a number
“substantial changes”. Examples of such substantial changes
are the rapid emergence of affordable air travel, the oil crises, and
profound ICT developments. To most researchers and policy-makers in
transportation, it seems more than likely that the next 40 years will also
witness a number of substantial changes, some of which might even have
larger impacts on mobility than the ones described above. However,
literature on substantial changes and their impact on mobility are
difficult to access as it is spread across different research fields and
suffers from ambiguous use of terminology. As a result, overview of the
literature on substantial changes and their findings is missing and
discussions on the impacts on future mobility of potential substantial
changes are hampered. To overcome these problems, this paper (1) proposes
a typology of substantial changes and (2) ties together and reviews the
scholarly literature that has focused on identifying the impacts of past
substantial changes on mobility patterns. In this paper, we show how the
proposed typology on substantial changes can be applied to contemplate on
substantial changes and on their impacts.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 569-597
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.706836
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.706836
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:5:p:569-597
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cristina Pronello
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Pronello
Author-Name: Cristian Camusso
Author-X-Name-First: Cristian
Author-X-Name-Last: Camusso
Title: A Review of Transport Noise Indicators
Abstract:
The different approaches to noise impact assessment adopted by the
individual countries and the scientific community have led to the
development of a certain number of indicators, mainly focused on specific
transport modes. However, in practice, technicians and decision-makers
alike may fail to identify the most appropriate indicators, if they have
no specific expertise on environmental noise. This paper presents a review
of the main transport noise indicators, both the general acoustic ones and
those used for specific transport modes. A critical analysis of the
strengths and weaknesses of these indicators is provided, as well as a
section discussing the framework in which they work, and suggestions for
their best use, aimed at assisting decision-makers to ascertain their role
in the evaluation process of the transport systems. To this extent, a
classification is proposed, supplemented by the DPSIR (driving forces,
pressures, states, impacts, responses) approach, in an effort to assess
the cause--effect relationship between society and the environment.
Decision-makers will also gain insight into the prioritization of the use
of the existing indicators in accordance to their own needs, as well as
advice on the joint use of socioeconomic variables to fully support their
decisions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 599-628
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.706332
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.706332
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:5:p:599-628
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yibin Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Yibin
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Adolf K.Y. Ng
Author-X-Name-First: Adolf K.Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ng
Author-Name: Hangjun Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Hangjun
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Xiaowen Fu
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaowen
Author-X-Name-Last: Fu
Title: An Analysis of the Dynamics of Ownership, Capacity Investments and Pricing Structure of Ports
Abstract:
With more than 80% of the world's cargoes being transported by sea,
effective port management is critical to the well-being of the global
economy. This study models the effects of port ownership and governance on
capacity investment and pricing structure, and these changes' implications
on port service level and social welfare. The study argues that capacity
investment and pricing are significantly influenced by a port's ownership
form, and the different levels of government involved. Inter-port
competition leads to increased capacity investments by private investors
and local authorities, which can be either higher or lower than social
optimal level. Therefore, it is important for policymakers to consider the
effects of institutional and competition factors in port reform
initiatives.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 629-652
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.709888
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.709888
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:5:p:629-652
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruth Bergel-Hayat
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergel-Hayat
Title: Time-Series Models of Aggregate Road Risk and Their Applications to European Countries
Abstract:
This paper aims to describe how time-series analysis of road risk has
been performed at the national level in Europe since Smeed's seminal study
of 1949. The first part of the paper surveys European applications of
time-series analysis to road safety since the beginning of the 1980s. A
historical overview of the various approaches followed and the different
types of model that have been used to analyse changes in road risk are
given, referring to the foregoing historical account. The last part of the
paper presents recent modelling conducted in the framework of the EU FP6
project “SafetyNet—Building the European Road Safety
Observatory”, which ran from 2004 to 2008, with the aim of
gathering harmonized data bases from the member states and performing a
comparative monitoring of trends. Recommendations for using dedicated
models which handle time dependency when applied to road safety were
given. Applications to a number of national datasets, including France,
the Netherlands and Greece, have revealed different ways in which risk
exposure can be included in the models in order to conduct a comparative
analysis of trends. Research directions for extending these comparative
analyses are given.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 653-670
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.695407
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.695407
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:5:p:653-670
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sophie Dupré
Author-X-Name-First: Sophie
Author-X-Name-Last: Dupré
Author-Name: Emmanuel Guy
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Guy
Title: Actors and Their Representations in Shipping Policy: Developing the European Maritime Safety Agency
Abstract:
This paper discusses the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA). Through
a chronological reconstruction, the study looks at the events that lead to
the official birth of the Agency in 2003 and how it developed to its
current state. The conceptual framework draws from cognitive policy
analysis, a French political science perspective related to new
institutionalisms. This approach emphasizes the role of the actors' own
representations of their sector and the ways they fit within the
socioeconomic system as a whole. This highlights the evolution of the
stakeholders' positions and influence throughout the development process.
Findings suggest that although considerable discrepancies between European
representatives and those of the shipping industry were present in the
context leading to EMSA's creation, the Agency has now established a
working consensus confirming a greater implication of European authorities
in the regulation of international shipping. The work also suggests that a
greater attention to plays of power among stakeholders and how they
translate in their representations could be pertinent to strengthen
research in shipping policy.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 697-713
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.706331
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.706331
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:6:p:697-713
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Charisse Farr
Author-X-Name-First: Anna Charisse
Author-X-Name-Last: Farr
Author-Name: Tristan Kleinschmidt
Author-X-Name-First: Tristan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kleinschmidt
Author-Name: Prasad Yarlagadda
Author-X-Name-First: Prasad
Author-X-Name-Last: Yarlagadda
Author-Name: Kerrie Mengersen
Author-X-Name-First: Kerrie
Author-X-Name-Last: Mengersen
Title: Wayfinding: A simple concept, a complex process
Abstract:
Wayfinding is the process of finding your way to a destination in a
familiar or unfamiliar setting using any cues given by the environment.
Due to its ubiquity in everyday life, wayfinding appears on the surface to
be a simply characterized and understood process; however, this very
ubiquity and the resulting need to refine and optimize wayfinding has led
to a great number of studies that have revealed that it is in fact a
deeply complex exercise. In this article, we examine the motivations for
investigating wayfinding, with particular attention being paid to the
unique challenges faced in transportation hubs, and discuss the associated
principles and factors involved as they have been perceived from different
research perspectives. We also review the approaches used to date in the
modelling of wayfinding in various contexts. We attempt to draw together
the different perspectives applied to wayfinding and postulate the
importance of wayfinding and the need to understand this seemingly simple,
but concurrently complex, process.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 715-743
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.712555
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.712555
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:6:p:715-743
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Taede Tillema
Author-X-Name-First: Taede
Author-X-Name-Last: Tillema
Author-Name: Marije Hamersma
Author-X-Name-First: Marije
Author-X-Name-Last: Hamersma
Author-Name: Joseph M. Sussman
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sussman
Author-Name: Jos Arts
Author-X-Name-First: Jos
Author-X-Name-Last: Arts
Title: Extending the Scope of Highway Planning: Accessibility, Negative Externalities and the Residential Context
Abstract:
The objectives of this review-based paper were twofold. Firstly, we aimed
to explore the need and possibilities for broadening the scope of highway
planning by taking account of the residential context, including
residential satisfaction. Satisfaction appears to be an interesting, and
in our opinion, valuable mediating planning concept between road
infrastructure planning and the accompanying external effects on the one
hand and household coping strategies on the other. Households living near
highway infrastructure are influenced by both positive (i.e. accessibility
gains) and negative road-related factors (e.g. noise nuisance and air
pollution). Changes in these factors may trigger people to accept the new
situation, adjust preferences, try to influence plans and/or even
relocate. The second aim was to gain a greater understanding of the
influence of both accessibility characteristics and negative externalities
on the residential context of households. With respect to context, we make
a distinction between residential satisfaction, housing prices and
residential relocation. We see changes in residential satisfaction as a
potential early predictor of opposition to plans, not only from active
opposers but also from the more ‘silent majority’, and as a
predictor of housing price changes and residential migration. Insights
into residential satisfaction around highways may help transportation
planners to relieve locational stress and may also prevent protests and
relocations. Our literature review indicated that households prefer to
live close to highways to benefit from high regional accessibility, but do
not want to contend with the nuisances. This is also reflected in property
values. However, the literature appears to put more emphasis on studying
the impact of (regional) accessibility and externalities on location
behaviour than on residential satisfaction. Because of the added value
that the concept of residential satisfaction may provide in road planning,
and the limited scientific insights, it is important to gain greater
insight into how residential satisfaction is influenced by negative and
positive externalities and into how residential satisfaction changes over
time—from the stage when new road projects are discussed through to
concrete planning, realization and the period after completion. Moreover,
it would be worthwhile to gain a deeper understanding of the extent to
which house prices, location behaviour and residential satisfaction near
highways interrelate.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 745-759
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.724726
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.724726
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:6:p:745-759
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tobias Kuhnimhof
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuhnimhof
Author-Name: Jimmy Armoogum
Author-X-Name-First: Jimmy
Author-X-Name-Last: Armoogum
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Author-Name: Joyce Dargay
Author-X-Name-First: Joyce
Author-X-Name-Last: Dargay
Author-Name: Jon Martin Denstadli
Author-X-Name-First: Jon Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Denstadli
Author-Name: Toshiyuki Yamamoto
Author-X-Name-First: Toshiyuki
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamamoto
Title: Men Shape a Downward Trend in Car Use among Young Adults—Evidence from Six Industrialized Countries
Abstract:
This paper investigates trends in the travel behaviour of young adults in
Germany, France, Great Britain, Japan, Norway, and the USA over the past
few decades with a focus on car availability and car travel. The trend
analysis relies on micro-data from over 20 National Travel Surveys from
the study countries dating back to the mid-1970s. The analysis of the
survey data is supplemented by official statistics on licence holding. On
this basis, this paper compiles a body of evidence for changes in mobility
patterns among young adults in industrialized countries over the past few
decades. The findings indicate that since the turn of the millennium,
access to cars, measured in terms of drivers' licences and household car
ownership, has decreased in most study countries—especially for
men. Moreover, average daily car travel distance has decreased in most
study countries, again especially for men. In France, Japan, and most
significantly in the USA, the decrease in car travel has led to a
reduction in total everyday travel by young travellers. In Great Britain,
the decline in car travel was partly, and in Germany fully, compensated by
an increased use of alternative modes of transport.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 761-779
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2012
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.736426
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.736426
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:32:y:2012:i:6:p:761-779
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moshe Givoni
Author-X-Name-First: Moshe
Author-X-Name-Last: Givoni
Author-Name: James Macmillen
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Macmillen
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Author-Name: Eran Feitelson
Author-X-Name-First: Eran
Author-X-Name-Last: Feitelson
Title: From Policy Measures to Policy Packages
Abstract:
It is increasingly evident that harnessing the potential synergetic
relationships that exist between certain policy measures can significantly
increase the effectiveness and efficiency of policy interventions.
However, while normative sentiments of “integrated policy”
and “joined-up government” are well-established, minimal
academic attention has, thus far, been paid to considerations of how such
relationships might be strategically advanced in promoting effective
policy interventions. Framed in relation to transport policy, this paper,
thus, tentatively proposes a heuristic framework that seeks to engage with
the major conceptual and procedural concerns involved in bona
fide “policy packaging”. Wary of naive
prescription, the framework is not intended to function as a universal
blueprint for policy-making. Rather, we aim to critically examine a number
of salient principles that appear to have generic policy relevance across
institutional contexts and jurisdictional scales. Fundamentally, the paper
argues that while policy packaging can certainly support effective and
efficient policy-making—not least through enhancing interventions'
implementation and the ex ante mitigation of unintended
effects—the packaging process requires a deep and holistic
appreciation of policy subsystems, together with a structured approach, if
its benefits are to be genuinely realized.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-20
Issue: 1
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.744779
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.744779
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:1:p:1-20
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raktim Mitra
Author-X-Name-First: Raktim
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitra
Title: Independent Mobility and Mode Choice for School Transportation: A Review and Framework for Future Research
Abstract:
Interest in active school transportation has emerged in response to
concern over the reduced levels of physical activity (PA) among children.
PA derived from active school travel may have important implications for
the healthy development of children and youth. This article reviews
transportation, urban planning, health and environmental psychology
literatures to explore current understanding of school travel behaviour.
The major theoretical approaches used to study and explain walking/cycling
behaviour were examined; and existing evidence of the influences on school
travel outcomes was summarized. Based on this review, the paper outlines a
conceptual framework for exploring school travel behaviour of children and
youth. The model hypothesizes multiple levels of influence on independent
mobility and mode choice for school transportation; independent mobility
is conceptualized within the household activity-travel paradigm. Future
empirical research based on this framework will inform policy
interventions that are focused on children's active mobility and PA.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 21-43
Issue: 1
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.743490
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.743490
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:1:p:21-43
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ehsan Shafiei
Author-X-Name-First: Ehsan
Author-X-Name-Last: Shafiei
Author-Name: Hlynur Stefansson
Author-X-Name-First: Hlynur
Author-X-Name-Last: Stefansson
Author-Name: Eyjolfur Ingi Asgeirsson
Author-X-Name-First: Eyjolfur Ingi
Author-X-Name-Last: Asgeirsson
Author-Name: Brynhildur Davidsdottir
Author-X-Name-First: Brynhildur
Author-X-Name-Last: Davidsdottir
Author-Name: Marco Raberto
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Raberto
Title: Integrated Agent-based and System Dynamics Modelling for Simulation of Sustainable Mobility
Abstract:
In this article, a conceptual framework for a comprehensive evaluation of
the diffusion process of alternative fuel vehicles is introduced. The
framework takes into account the most influencing stakeholders, including
car manufacturers, car dealers, consumers, energy supply system, fuel
stations and government. The underlying mathematical models of different
stakeholders are then integrated in one model of the whole energy and
transport system. The hybrid modelling framework links the two powerful
dynamic simulation approaches of system dynamics (SD) and agent-based (AB)
modelling. Integrated modelling structure gives the potential of building
more accurate and computationally efficient models for simulating the
transition to sustainable mobility. We specify the integration process and
the most important linking variables between various energy and transport
components. Then the application of the integrated model is explained
through a test case and, finally, the applicability of the hybrid AB and
SD approach and its potential contribution to the models of transition to
sustainable mobility will be concluded.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 44-70
Issue: 1
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.745632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.745632
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:1:p:44-70
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Böcker
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Böcker
Author-Name: Martin Dijst
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Dijst
Author-Name: Jan Prillwitz
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Prillwitz
Title: Impact of Everyday Weather on Individual Daily Travel Behaviours in Perspective: A Literature Review
Abstract:
In the light of growing societal interest for climate change adaptation
and mitigation, insights into the meaning of weather conditions for travel
behaviours—particularly walking and cycling—have become very
important. Recently, various studies from transport, health and
biometeorological disciplines have touched upon the relevance of weather
for daily activities and travel, yet a review and critical assessment of
the existing knowledge are lacking. Hence, the aim of this review is first
to bring together these contributions and provide a systematic and
comprehensive overview concerning the impact of weather conditions on
daily travel activities. Second, the methodological, contextual and
behavioural backgrounds of the studies will be discussed. The major
conclusion is that the existing studies present an incomplete and
fragmented picture of the impact of weather on travel behaviour, which
makes effective planning for climate change a harsh job. In the
conclusions, some lines for future research will be recommended.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 71-91
Issue: 1
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.747114
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.747114
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Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Author-Name: John M. Rose
Author-X-Name-First: John M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose
Author-Name: Waiyan Leong
Author-X-Name-First: Waiyan
Author-X-Name-Last: Leong
Author-Name: Alejandro Tirachini
Author-X-Name-First: Alejandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Tirachini
Author-Name: Zheng Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: Choosing Public Transport—Incorporating Richer Behavioural Elements in Modal Choice Models
Abstract:
The development of behaviourally richer representations of the role of
well-established and increasingly important influences on modal choice,
such as trip time reliability and accounting for risk attitude and process
rules, has moved forward at a fast pace in the context of automobile
travel. In the public transport setting, such contributions have, with
rare exception, not been considered. In this paper, we discuss and
empirically illustrate the merits of advanced modelling developments aimed
at improving our understanding of public transport choice, namely the
inclusion of reliability in extended expected utility theoretic forms, to
recognize risk attitude and perceptual conditioning, the consideration of
passenger crowding and its inclusion in linear additive models, and the
role of multiple heuristics in representing attribute processing as a way
of conditioning modal choice. We illustrate the mechanics of introducing
these behaviourally appealing extensions using a modal choice data set
collected in Sydney.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 92-106
Issue: 1
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.760671
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.760671
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:1:p:92-106
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Author-Name: Niklas Arvidsson
Author-X-Name-First: Niklas
Author-X-Name-Last: Arvidsson
Author-Name: Johan Woxenius
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Woxenius
Author-Name: Catrin Lammgård
Author-X-Name-First: Catrin
Author-X-Name-Last: Lammgård
Title: Review of Road Hauliers' Measures for Increasing Transport Efficiency and Sustainability in Urban Freight Distribution
Abstract:
This paper analyses a set of measures for transport efficiency
improvements from the perspective of the road haulier, particularly
regarding improvements suitable for urban distribution and their effects.
The first part of the paper addresses literature within the area of
transport efficiency. The second part reviews potential transport
efficiency improvements with respect to environmental impact and the
number of actors involved in the decision. The third part presents results
from interviews with the CEOs of two road hauliers regarding their
opinions of the transport efficiency measures. Finally, the conclusions
about transport efficiency measures are summarized in a matrix, taking
into account whether these measures can be considered as costs or benefits
for the actors involved. The results show ambiguous and often intricate
relations with regard to costs and benefits for the actors in the system.
They also explain part of the inertia to change within the freight
industry. However, an increasing number of transport operators are now
offering more sustainable transport solutions and this service might gain
them a competitive advantage in the future.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 107-127
Issue: 1
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.763866
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.763866
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:1:p:107-127
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Author-Name: Robin Hickman
Author-X-Name-First: Robin
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickman
Title: Automobility in Transition. A Socio-Technical Analysis of Sustainable Transport
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 128-129
Issue: 1
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.745034
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2012.745034
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:1:p:128-129
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Author-Name: Geoffrey Dudley
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Dudley
Author-Name: John Preston
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Preston
Title: Historical Narrative and the Evolution of Academic Transport Studies in the UK
Abstract:
This article examines fundamental questions concerning the origins and
evolution of academic transport studies and the dynamics of its historical
development. These fundamental questions are generally little discussed,
yet are vital in gaining a better understanding of how the subject is
driven forward. This article therefore attempts to answer these questions
by taking the UK as a case study, with the principal method being evidence
from semi-structured interviews with 20 senior figures integrally involved
in the development of the subject. The characterization of transport
studies provided by Allsop is employed as an analytical framework,
enabling the construction of a historical narrative that can provide
salient insights. Thus, it is argued that for academic transport studies
the degree of early cross-fertilization with public arenas has meant that
subsequent developments have been shaped by the subject's contextual
environment. Most prominent among these developments has been the trend
towards wider disciplinary breadth. This article examines the evolution of
these processes, while the concluding section discusses their implications
for consequent strengths and limitations of the subject.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 131-147
Issue: 2
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.784375
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.784375
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:2:p:131-147
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Author-Name: Elliot Fishman
Author-X-Name-First: Elliot
Author-X-Name-Last: Fishman
Author-Name: Simon Washington
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Washington
Author-Name: Narelle Haworth
Author-X-Name-First: Narelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Haworth
Title: Bike Share: A Synthesis of the Literature
Abstract:
This paper begins by providing an overview of bike share programs,
followed by a critical examination of the growing body of literature on
these programs. This synthesis of previous works, both peer-reviewed and
gray, includes an identification of the current gaps in knowledge related
to the impacts of bike sharing programs. This synthesis represents a
critically needed evaluation of the current state of global bike share
research, in order to better understand, and maximize the effectiveness of
current and future programs. Several consistent themes have emerged within
the growing body of research on bike share programs. Firstly, the
importance bike share members place on convenience and value for money
appears paramount in their motivation to sign up and use these programs.
Secondly, and somewhat counter intuitively, scheme members are more likely
to own and use private bicycles than nonmembers. Thirdly,
users demonstrate a greater reluctance to wear helmets than private
bicycle riders and helmets have acted as a deterrent in jurisdictions in
which helmets are mandatory. Finally, and perhaps most importantly from a
sustainable transport perspective, the majority of scheme users are
substituting from sustainable modes of transport rather than the car.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 148-165
Issue: 2
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.775612
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.775612
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:2:p:148-165
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Author-Name: Zohreh Asadi-Shekari
Author-X-Name-First: Zohreh
Author-X-Name-Last: Asadi-Shekari
Author-Name: Mehdi Moeinaddini
Author-X-Name-First: Mehdi
Author-X-Name-Last: Moeinaddini
Author-Name: Muhammad Zaly Shah
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaly Shah
Title: Non-motorised Level of Service: Addressing Challenges in Pedestrian and Bicycle Level of Service
Abstract:
Motorised vehicle conditions have been evaluated by many researchers. In
contrast, there are very limited studies on vulnerable and non-motorised
users, such as cyclists and pedestrians, specifically children, the
elderly and the disabled. Thus, this paper reviews prominent studies on
street evaluations to identify effective indicators for non-motorised
trips. The street condition for these trips is measured by the bicycle
level of service (BLOS) and the pedestrian level of service (PLOS). In
previous studies, different methods have been introduced for PLOS and
BLOS. However, these methods have several major shortcomings. First,
pedestrians and cyclists are assumed to be users who can share street
facilities with motorised vehicles and thus are considered equivalent to
cars. Second, the majority of these methods are complicated and
time-consuming, and it is difficult to connect them to a design process.
Furthermore, these methods support only a limited number of walking and
cycling facilities; therefore, they may not be valid for a wide range of
pedestrians and cyclists with a diverse variety of abilities and ages.
This study discusses the challenges in the BLOS and PLOS research and
attempts to introduce new objectives for further studies in this field to
eliminate the aforementioned shortcomings.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 166-194
Issue: 2
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.775613
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.775613
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:2:p:166-194
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Author-Name: M. De Jong
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: De Jong
Author-Name: J. A. Annema
Author-X-Name-First: J. A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Annema
Author-Name: G. P. Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: G. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Title: How to Build Major Transport Infrastructure Projects within Budget, in Time and with the Expected Output; a Literature Review
Abstract:
This paper reviews the literature on factors which help to realise major
transport infrastructure projects within the forecasted budget, schedule
and with the expected output. The most mentioned factors overall are as
follows: (1) improving the cost and benefit estimates of projects, (2)
containing the risks involved in these projects, (3) increasing
accountability and (4) maintaining clear scope and objectives. Statistical
research, in particular, focuses on these particular factors, but
different research methodologies produce different results. Research based
on case studies and interviews does not discuss accountability at all,
while literature reviews and discussions show a remarkable focus on this
specific factor. Furthermore, there is variety in the factors mentioned in
papers investigating cost overruns, schedule overruns or output
shortfalls. Overall, the research in this field focuses on failure within
major transport infrastructure projects. These results show that a
framework for building major transport infrastructure projects within
budget, in time and with the expected output is emerging, but that more
research is needed using multivariate analyses. Also, more research
focusing on projects which have actually achieved their forecasts is
needed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 195-218
Issue: 2
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.778912
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.778912
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Author-Name: P. K. Bhuyan
Author-X-Name-First: P. K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhuyan
Author-Name: Minakshi Sheshadri Nayak
Author-X-Name-First: Minakshi Sheshadri
Author-X-Name-Last: Nayak
Title: A Review on Level of Service Analysis of Urban Streets
Abstract:
The paper presents a classification and analysis of the results achieved
using various tools for the estimation of level of service (LOS) of urban
streets. The basic premise of urban streets and LOS are discussed. LOS is
analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Average travel speed (ATS) on
street segments is considered as the measure of effectiveness in defining
LOS criteria of an urban street using quantitative methods. The travel
speed data collection procedure has been changing over time from the
traditional followed moving observer method to a distance measuring
instrument and now global positioning system is being extensively used
worldwide. Classifying urban streets into number of classes and ATSs on
street segments into number of LOS categories are essential components of
LOS analysis. Emphasis is put on application of soft computing techniques
such as fuzzy set theory, genetic algorithm, neural network, cluster
analysis and modeling and simulation for the LOS analysis of urban streets
both quantitatively and qualitatively. Quality of service of urban streets
is analyzed using the satisfaction level that the road user perceived
while using the urban road infrastructure. Possibilities are shown
regarding the further improvement in research methodology.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 219-238
Issue: 2
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.779617
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.779617
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:2:p:219-238
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Author-Name: John Parkin
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Parkin
Title: City cycling
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 239-240
Issue: 2
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.782592
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.782592
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:2:p:239-240
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Author-Name: Tim Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Title: Cycling and Sustainability
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 240-242
Issue: 2
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.784823
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.784823
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:2:p:240-242
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Author-Name: Phil Goodwin
Author-X-Name-First: Phil
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodwin
Author-Name: Kurt Van Dender
Author-X-Name-First: Kurt
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Dender
Title: 'Peak Car' - Themes and Issues
Abstract:
This editorial overview of the Special Issue on 'Peak Car'
previews the seven papers, drawing out common themes and differences. It
starts with a brief overview of the emergence and characteristics of the
'peak car' idea, including recent research and discussions. It draws out
the key themes from each of the seven papers in turn and discusses
implications for research and policy. It concludes that there is now
little doubt that young peoples' car use has reduced, but there is still
doubt about how younger people will travel as they age, or how the next
generation will travel; that location and settlement density effects are
very important, meaning that future population distributions will be
significant; and that while 'economic' factors are still seen to be
important, elasticities with respect to price and income are falling, with
signs of differential responses by population categories and location. In
policy terms, it concludes that with the current level of uncertainty
about future car use levels, rather than developing policy based on one
forecast, we should be developing policy for a range of plausible
scenarios.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 243-254
Issue: 3
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.804133
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.804133
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:3:p:243-254
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Author-Name: David Metz
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Metz
Title: Peak Car and Beyond: The Fourth Era of Travel
Abstract:
There is emerging evidence that personal daily travel,
particularly by car, has ceased to grow in the developed economies. This
can be attributed to saturation of demand, given high levels of access and
choice now widely available, together with constraints on higher speeds.
We are therefore at a time of transition from an era of growth of per
capita travel to an era of stability, in which the future factors
determining the growth of total travel demand are demographic - population
growth, increasing longevity, and urbanisation. The peak car phenomenon,
which marks this transition, is seen in successful cities that attract a
growing population whose travel needs are increasingly met by investment
in rail-based transport, the revival of which is a characteristic of the
new era.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 255-270
Issue: 3
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.800615
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.800615
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:3:p:255-270
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Author-Name: Alexa Delbosc
Author-X-Name-First: Alexa
Author-X-Name-Last: Delbosc
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Title: Causes of Youth Licensing Decline: A Synthesis of Evidence
Abstract:
In recent decades, young adults in many developed nations
have become increasingly less likely to acquire a driving license. If this
trend continues it could have significant impacts on transport futures.
Licensing reductions have only recently been identified and causes are
only just being explored. This paper presents a first synthesis of
available evidence including an assessment of more influential causal
factors. It begins by documenting the declining trend evident in 9 of 14
documented countries; the average rate of decline is 0.6% per annum, with
highest declines documented in Australia. A range of causal factors are
documented from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Changes in life
stage and living arrangements, changes in motoring affordability, location
and transport, graduated driver licensing schemes, attitudinal influences
and the role of e-communication are all explored. Evidence is in general
weak and preliminary but suggests multiple causes rather than any single
influence. However, of the evidence available life stage factors and
affordability influences have stronger links to license decline but are
only likely to have a low affect size.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 271-290
Issue: 3
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.801929
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.801929
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:3:p:271-290
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Author-Name: Richard Grimal
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Grimal
Author-Name: Roger Collet
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Collet
Author-Name: Jean-Loup Madre
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Loup
Author-X-Name-Last: Madre
Title: Is the Stagnation of Individual Car Travel a General Phenomenon in France? A Time-Series Analysis by Zone of Residence and Standard of Living
Abstract:
At the aggregate level, the growth in individual car use (in
vehicle*kilometres per adult) over time has considerably slowed down in
France in the 2000s, but is this tendency observed whatever the area and
standard of living? Relying on annual data drawn from the French Household
Continuous Surveys (1974-1994) and the Car Fleet surveys (1994-2010),
time-series of annual mileage per adult is compared in the four quartiles
of the household income scale, in three types of zone: core cities,
suburbs and low-density areas. We observe that the recent stagnation of
individual car use is a general phenomenon, as it has occurred in all the
income groups and in all the areas, but at different levels and moments in
time nonetheless. In the 2000s, fuel price has dramatically increased,
providing a likely explanation for the slowdown observed in the
time-series. Using a Chapman-Richards growth model where the saturation
level depends on economic factors, we disentangle their effect from the
diffusion process of individual car use over time. As expected, the
saturation level is found to be an increasing function of income, and a
decreasing function of fuel price and population density. Besides, the
estimation results show that the diffusion of individual car use among
low-income households in 2010 was still ongoing in all the types of zone,
while it was ending for high-income households. Moreover, the model
assumes that the fuel price sensitivity of individual car use is
decreasing as the standard of living raises: it is probably the
combination of these effects that has led the annual mileage per adult to
stabilize in the 2000s.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 291-309
Issue: 3
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.801930
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.801930
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:3:p:291-309
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Author-Name: Peter Headicar
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Headicar
Title: The Changing Spatial Distribution of the Population in England: Its Nature and Significance for 'Peak Car'
Abstract:
Historically, the growth in car use has been associated with
trends of suburbanisation and counter-urbanisation. More recently in
England, there has been a slowing and even a reversal of these trends.
These coincide with a similar pattern in car use itself. This paper
explores the extent to which these two trends are related. It utilises
data from the Census of Population and the National Travel Survey since
1971 to identify the shifts in population between different area-types and
their implications for per capita car use. The most recent decade has been
distinguished by rapid growth in total population due to an increase in
births and net international immigration. These increases are shown to be
concentrated in London and certain other cities and have accelerated the
changed trend in population distribution. The spatial dimension of
contemporary demographic projections and their implications for future car
use are identified as are the potential effects of the Coalition
Government's policy to reduce net immigration. For convenience the neutral
assumption is made that per capita car use by area-type remains constant,
but this could be negated by a range of factors consequent on changed
socio-economic conditions since 2008 including the Government's relaxation
of previous planning policies which have contributed to the urban
renaissance thus far.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 310-324
Issue: 3
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.802751
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.802751
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:3:p:310-324
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tobias Kuhnimhof
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuhnimhof
Author-Name: Dirk Zumkeller
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Zumkeller
Author-Name: Bastian Chlond
Author-X-Name-First: Bastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Chlond
Title: Who Made Peak Car, and How? A Breakdown of Trends over Four Decades in Four Countries
Abstract:
This paper investigates the contribution of underlying trends
to per-capita car travel development since the 1970s in France, Germany,
Great Britain, and the USA. In these countries, after a long period of
growth, car travel began to show signs of stagnation - or even decrease -
after the 1990s. Our paper breaks down underlying demographic and travel
trends for two study periods: first, a period of per-capita car travel
growth (until the mid-1990s); second, a period of stagnation or decrease
in car travel (beginning around the turn of the millennium). Two patterns
of development emerge: (1) in France and the USA, the reversal in the
trend in car travel per capita was due mainly to trend changes in total
travel demand by drivers; (2) in Germany and Great Britain, the levelling
off of motorisation, and shifts to other modes, played a much larger role.
Ageing has in recent years gained weight in shaping per-capita car travel
trends. In Europe, the continued increase of car availability for seniors
has had a damping effect on peak car. Even though all age classes have
contributed to peak car, young adults stand out in this regard and
therefore deserve special attention.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 325-342
Issue: 3
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.801928
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.801928
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:3:p:325-342
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan van der Waard
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Waard
Author-Name: Peter Jorritsma
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Jorritsma
Author-Name: Ben Immers
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Immers
Title: New Drivers in Mobility; What Moves the Dutch in 2012?
Abstract:
A mobility analysis, in early 2011, by the Netherlands
Institute for Transport Policy Analyses showed that following the
remarkable growth in the 1980s and 1990s, the total amount of national
mobility of people in the Netherlands had not increased since 2005. This
particularly appeared to apply to car use. Except for the credit crisis
around 2008-09, the reasons for this development remained unclear at the
time. Based on further analyses of the developments in mobility over the
last ten years and some findings from other countries, several hypotheses
related to the apparent levelling off of the growth in car use were
formulated and investigated in further research. In the first part of this
paper, a detailed description of the developments in mobility between 2000
and 2010 is presented, with emphasis on specific trends for various user
categories (by travel mode, by age group, by gender). This part can be
seen as a description of recent developments in mobility growth. In the
second part of the paper, we present the findings of our in-depth research
into the causes behind the levelling off of growth in car use.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 343-359
Issue: 3
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.801046
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.801046
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:3:p:343-359
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Author-Name: Gordon Stokes
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes
Title: The Prospects for Future Levels of Car Access and Use
Abstract:
This paper aims to build on similarities and differences in
empirical findings and analytical approaches in papers in a special issue
of the Transport Reviews journal on peak car. These differences are
encapsulated in a new exploratory tool, which gives transparent future
scenarios, at the aggregate national level. The model is based on age
cohorts, with some degree of behavioural inertia, as the means of
incorporating the most frequently noted age-related feature of the new
trends. This is modified by different readings of the differential effects
of population growth and location, immigration, and policy effects.
Account is also taken of different assessments of the future track of
Western Economies and of the impacts that economic factors have on travel
behaviour, this being one of the core distinctions between peak car
research and traditional models. Using UK data the suggestion is of a base
projection for overall car use per person which is broadly stable for the
next 20 years or so, falling slightly by 2036. The conclusion is that the
combined effects of findings reported in this Issue are big enough to
affect future transport conditions to a much more substantial extent than
has been traditionally assumed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 360-375
Issue: 3
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.800614
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.800614
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:3:p:360-375
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin Cullinane
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cullinane
Author-Name: Sharon Cullinane
Author-X-Name-First: Sharon
Author-X-Name-Last: Cullinane
Title: Atmospheric Emissions from Shipping: The Need for Regulation and Approaches to Compliance
Abstract:
Shipping has traditionally been viewed as the least
environmentally damaging mode of freight transport. Recent studies have
increasingly questioned this perception, as attention has focused on both
the greenhouse gas emissions (mainly CO2) and the emission of
health-damaging pollutants (such as sulphur, nitrogen oxides and
particulates) by ships. This paper reviews the available evidence on the
atmospheric emissions of shipping. It proposes that the profit objective
has prompted the pursuit of greater fuel efficiency within the sector, but
that reliance on market forces alone is insufficient to deliver on the
environmental imperative. The paper outlines the current and planned
regulatory regime for the atmospheric emissions from ships and posits that
greater, and more diverse, market regulation is required. Alternative
general approaches to regulatory compliance are categorised as
'alternative sources of energy' or 'abatement technologies' and the
characteristics of a range of specific options are analysed. The paper
concludes that although the shipping industry has been slow to improve its
environmental credentials, a combination of regulation and technological
innovation provides it with significant potential to dramatically reduce
its environmental impact.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 377-401
Issue: 4
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.806604
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.806604
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:4:p:377-401
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shreya Das
Author-X-Name-First: Shreya
Author-X-Name-Last: Das
Author-Name: Debapratim Pandit
Author-X-Name-First: Debapratim
Author-X-Name-Last: Pandit
Title: Importance of user perception in evaluating level of service for bus transit for a developing country like India: a review
Abstract:
Assessment of service quality in bus transit planning has
received due attention in recent years from the viewpoint of optimal
service allocation. The concept of level of service (LOS) has emerged as
an effective tool to measure quality of services. Service-quality
assessment provides operators with knowledge on users' satisfaction with
existing services and their expected LOSs. The importance of user
perception towards assessment of LOS has been acknowledged by researchers.
While LOS standards for public transportation have been established by the
Transportation Research Board in the USA, researchers have questioned the
applicability of these standards in the context of different geographic
regions. Since the service delivery environment differs between developed
and developing nations, the user perception of service quality varies
between these economic regions. Substantial research has been carried out
in the context of both developed and developing nations, to identify the
bus transit service parameters that affect users' perceived service
quality; however, little research exists that establishes LOS thresholds
for bus transit, based on user perception. This paper reviews the concept
of LOS, describes the importance of user perception in assessment of
service quality and identifies the need to establish LOS thresholds for
bus transit from user perception for developing countries.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 402-420
Issue: 4
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.789571
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.789571
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:4:p:402-420
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Author-Name: Tim Schwanen
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwanen
Author-Name: Veronique Van Acker
Author-X-Name-First: Veronique
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Acker
Author-Name: Frank Witlox
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox
Title: Travel and Subjective Well-Being: A Focus on Findings, Methods and Future Research Needs
Abstract:
Subjectively experienced well-being has recently attracted
increased attention in transport and mobility studies. However, these
studies are still in their infancy and many of the multifarious links
between travel behaviour and well-being are still under-examined; most
studies only focus on one aspect of this link (i.e. travel satisfaction).
In this paper, we give an overview of studies concerning travel and
well-being, focusing on results, methods and gaps in present research. We
suggest that travel behaviour affects well-being through experiences
during (destination-oriented) travel, activity participation enabled by
travel, activities during (destination-oriented) travel, trips where
travel is the activity and through potential travel (or motility). The
majority of empirical studies to date have been based on hedonic views of
well-being, where pleasure and satisfaction are seen as the ultimate goal
in life. They have paid little attention to eudaimonic views of
well-being, which emphasise the realisation of one's true potential,
although this form of well-being can also be influenced by travel
behaviour. We also argue that longer-term decisions, such as residential
location choices, can affect well-being through travel. Travel options
differ between different kinds of neighbourhoods, which can result in
different levels of (feelings of) freedom and consequently different
levels of subjective well-being. Since studies at present only show a
subset of the travel behaviour-well-being interactions, we conclude the
paper with an agenda for future research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 421-442
Issue: 4
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.815665
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.815665
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:4:p:421-442
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Kelly
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Kelly
Author-Name: Patricia Krenn
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia
Author-X-Name-Last: Krenn
Author-Name: Sylvia Titze
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Titze
Author-Name: Peter Stopher
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Stopher
Author-Name: Charlie Foster
Author-X-Name-First: Charlie
Author-X-Name-Last: Foster
Title: Quantifying the Difference Between Self-Reported and Global Positioning Systems-Measured Journey Durations: A Systematic Review
Abstract:
Accurate measurement of travel behaviour is vital for
transport planning, modelling, public health epidemiology, and assessing
the impact of travel interventions. Self-reported diaries and
questionnaires are traditionally used as measurement tools; advances in
Global Positioning Systems (GPS) technology allow for comparison. This
review aimed to identify and report about studies comparing self-reported
and GPS-measured journey durations. We systematically searched, appraised,
and analysed published and unpublished articles from electronic databases,
reference lists, bibliographies, and websites up to December 2012.
Included studies used GPS and self-report to investigate trip duration.
The average trip duration from each measure was compared and an
aggregated, pooled estimate of the difference, weighted by number of
trips, was calculated. We found 12 results from eight eligible studies.
All studies showed self-reported journey times were greater than
GPS-measured times. The difference between self-report and GPS times
ranged from over-reporting of +2.2 to +13.5 minutes per journey. The
aggregated, pooled estimate of the difference, weighted by number of
trips, was over-report of +4.4 minutes (+28.6%). Studies comparing
self-reported and GPS-measured journey duration have shown self-reported
to be consistently over-reported across the study sample. Our findings
suggest that when using self-reported journey behaviour, the journey
durations should be treated as an over-estimation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 443-459
Issue: 4
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.815288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.815288
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:4:p:443-459
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Su-Han Woo
Author-X-Name-First: Su-Han
Author-X-Name-Last: Woo
Author-Name: Dong-Joon Kang
Author-X-Name-First: Dong-Joon
Author-X-Name-Last: Kang
Author-Name: Sally Martin
Author-X-Name-First: Sally
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin
Title: Seaport Research: An Analysis of Research Collaboration using Social Network Analysis
Abstract:
The collaboration of researchers has become the norm due to
the increasingly interdisciplinary and complex characteristics of modern
science. Many studies in informatics and various disciplines including
logistics and supply chain management have explored how researchers
conduct collaborative works and have shown a strong relationship between
collaboration and research productivity. In seaport research, however,
research collaboration has not been studied even though this may provide
useful information about collaboration patterns, networks, behavior, and
especially the effect on growth of port research. The purpose of this
study, therefore, is to explore how maritime researchers and institutions
have collaborated in port research and examine whether the collaboration
has increased publishing productivity. This study uses co-authorship as an
indicator of research collaboration and the number of papers as an
indicator of research productivity. Using a database of academic papers
published in English-language international journals for the last three
decades (1980-2009), descriptive statistics show a growth in levels of
co-authorship by decade and international geography of research
collaboration. Social network analysis is then used to draw a map of
collaboration and reveals the structure and decadal change of these
collaborative networks. The analysis also shows who and which institutions
have been at the center of port research and how co-authorship and
collaboration have affected productivity of researchers and institutions
over the period.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 460-475
Issue: 4
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.786766
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.786766
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:4:p:460-475
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Morales-Fusco
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Morales-Fusco
Author-Name: S. Saurí
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saurí
Author-Name: G. De Melo
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: De Melo
Title: Short Sea Shipping in Supply Chains. A Strategic Assessment
Abstract:
The feasibility of implementing short sea shipping (SSS)
between two specific ports has been typically approached on the operative
level, in terms of time and cost for a specific origin-destination pair.
This paper focuses on the strategic level. Particularly, its goal is to
study the potential of SSS in different industrial sectors by analysing
their freight-distribution strategies. To achieve the objective, some
standard freight-distribution strategies are defined based on the
requirements of the industry, the demand and the product being
transported. The information is complemented with a survey of more than
100 Spanish companies distributing internationally. As a result it is
concluded that there are economies of scale related to the size of the
carrier (the ship) and its capacity to absorb the variability in demand.
This potential increases with the cargo value. Additionally, a framework
of supply/distribution chains is provided which can help to identify
potential customers/sectors and the feasibility of new potential shipping
lines. The value of this paper resides in its approach (strategic, instead
of operational/tactical), and the solid groundwork point provided for
future researchers.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 476-496
Issue: 4
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.786765
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.786765
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:4:p:476-496
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nikolas Thomopoulos
Author-X-Name-First: Nikolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomopoulos
Title: Transport and Ethics: ethics and the evaluation of transport policies and projects
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 497-498
Issue: 4
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.821188
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.821188
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:4:p:497-498
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio Ferreira
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira
Author-Name: Greg Marsden
Author-X-Name-First: Greg
Author-X-Name-Last: Marsden
Author-Name: Marco Te Brömmelstroet
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Te Brömmelstroet
Title: What Curriculum for Mobility and Transport Studies? A Critical Exploration
Abstract:
To understand the complex meanings of mobility and to engage
in transport planning and management processes, a variety of disciplines,
skills, and tools are potentially useful. Universities have a limited
amount of time and resources to train future professionals though. This
poses a problem: where should the teaching priorities be? By means of a
web-survey, this study has asked academics based at a number of
universities what the disciplines, skills, and tools that -- according to
their personal viewpoints -- are the most relevant for practitioners in
the mobility and transport sector. The respondents generally support
curricula that facilitate a holistic, non-specialised, understanding of
mobility and transport issues.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 501-525
Issue: 5
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.827266
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.827266
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:5:p:501-525
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Scott Le Vine
Author-X-Name-First: Scott
Author-X-Name-Last: Le Vine
Author-Name: Peter Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Author-Name: John Polak
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Polak
Title: The Contribution of Benefit-in-Kind Taxation Policy in Britain to the 'Peak Car' Phenomenon
Abstract:
Car use per person has historically grown year-on-year in
Great Britain since the 1950s, with minor exceptions during fuel crises
and times of economic recession. The 'Peak Car' hypothesis proposes that
this historical trend no longer applies. The British National Travel
Survey provides evidence of such an aggregate levelling off in car mileage
per person since the mid-1990s, but further analysis shows that this is
the result of counter trends netting out: in particular, a reduction in
per capita male driving mileage being offset by a corresponding increase
in female car driving mileage. A major contributory factor to the decline
in male car use has been a sharp reduction in average company car mileage
per person. This paper investigates this aspect in more detail. Use of
company cars fell sharply in Britain from the 1990s up to the 2008
recession. Over the same period, taxation policy towards company cars
became more onerous, with increasing levels of taxation on the
benefit-in-kind value of the ownership of a company car and on the
provision of free fuel for private use. The paper sets out the changes in
taxation policy affecting company cars in the UK, and looks at the
associated reductions in company car ownership (including free fuel) and
patterns of use. It goes on to look in more detail at which groups of the
population have kept company cars and in which parts of the country they
have been most used, and how these patterns have changed over time. A
preliminary investigation is also made of possible substitution effects
between company car and personal car driving and between company car use
and rail travel. Clearly, the role of the company car is only one of many
factors that are contributing to aggregate changes in levels of car use in
Great Britain, alongside demographic changes and a wide range of policy
initiatives. But, company car use cannot fall below zero, so the effect of
declining year-on-year company car mileage suppressing overall car traffic
levels cannot continue indefinitely.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 526-547
Issue: 5
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.827267
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.827267
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:5:p:526-547
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose Tongzon
Author-X-Name-First: Jose
Author-X-Name-Last: Tongzon
Author-Name: Hong-Oanh Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Hong-Oanh
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Title: ICT Adoption among Logistics Companies in ASEAN Countries
Abstract:
In this era of globalization, adoption of information and
communication technology (ICT) is one of the critical determinants of
logistics companies' competitiveness and growth. This is especially so for
the ASEAN countries as they pursue the vision of regional economic
development and integration. Existing empirical studies on ICT adoption by
logistics companies in developing countries are, however, scarce and have
limited theoretical support and so far no comparative analysis of ICT
adoption among ASEAN logistics companies and its determinants has been
undertaken. This paper investigates the level of ICT adoption among ASEAN
logistics companies and also develops an investment-based model to explain
it. The model is evaluated with logistic regression using firm-level data
collected from interviews with a sample of ASEAN logistics companies. The
study finds that ICT adoption level varies significantly among the ASEAN
countries and provides an empirical support for an investment-based view
of ICT adoption. It also finds no further evidence for the relevance of
the institutional theory to the ASEAN logistics industry. These findings
have important strategic and policy implications for the ASEAN
policy-makers and logistics industry.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 548-569
Issue: 5
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.818592
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.818592
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:5:p:548-569
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ricardo A. Daziano
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Daziano
Author-Name: Luis Miranda-Moreno
Author-X-Name-First: Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Miranda-Moreno
Author-Name: Shahram Heydari
Author-X-Name-First: Shahram
Author-X-Name-Last: Heydari
Title: Computational Bayesian Statistics in Transportation Modeling: From Road Safety Analysis to Discrete Choice
Abstract:
In this paper, we review both the fundamentals and the
expansion of computational Bayesian econometrics and statistics applied to
transportation modeling problems in road safety analysis and travel
behavior. Whereas for analyzing accident risk in transportation networks
there has been a significant increase in the application of hierarchical
Bayes methods, in transportation choice modeling, the use of Bayes
estimators is rather scarce. We thus provide a general discussion of the
benefits of using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to simulate
answers to the problems of point and interval estimation and forecasting,
including the use of the simulated posterior for building predictive
distributions and constructing credible intervals for measures such as the
value of time. Although there is the general idea that going Bayesian is
just another way of finding an equivalent to frequentist results, in
practice Bayes estimators have the potential of outperforming frequentist
estimators and, at the same time, may offer more information.
Additionally, Bayesian inference is particularly interesting for small
samples and weakly identified models.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 570-592
Issue: 5
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.829890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.829890
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:5:p:570-592
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yok Hoe Yap
Author-X-Name-First: Yok Hoe
Author-X-Name-Last: Yap
Author-Name: Helen M. Gibson
Author-X-Name-First: Helen M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibson
Author-Name: Ben J. Waterson
Author-X-Name-First: Ben J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Waterson
Title: An International Review of Roundabout Capacity Modelling
Abstract:
Roundabouts are an increasingly common form of road junction
worldwide, and their effective design requires a detailed analysis of
maximum vehicle throughput capacities. In this paper, the worldwide
state-of-the-art in roundabout capacity modelling is examined, covering
the three main methodologies on which models are based: fully-empirical,
gap acceptance and simulation. It is shown that due to their limitations,
each of these methodologies on their own cannot completely explain the
complex behavioural and physical processes involved in roundabout entries,
hence all the models require strong semi-empirical or fully-empirical
bases using data obtained from their countries of origin. Differences in
driver behaviour and methodologies thus result in differences in predicted
capacities by the various models, and although local calibration allows
some transferability, it is often limited by the availability of data or
an incomplete understanding of the relationships between model parameters
and capacity.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 593-616
Issue: 5
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.830160
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.830160
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:5:p:593-616
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia
Author-X-Name-Last: Loukaitou-Sideris
Author-Name: Harrison Higgins
Author-X-Name-First: Harrison
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins
Author-Name: Matthew Piven
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Piven
Author-Name: Wenbin Wei
Author-X-Name-First: Wenbin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wei
Title: Tracks to Change or Mixed Signals? A Review of the Anglo-Saxon Literature on the Economic and Spatial Impacts of High-Speed Rail
Abstract:
The economic development and spatial
impacts of high-speed rail (HSR) are quite varied and mixed. Studies of
economic impacts of HSR fall into two categories: predictions and
empirical observations. We first review studies that examine predicted HSR
impacts related to job growth, real estate development, and other economic
effects. These are followed by studies examining observed effects of
realized projects using the same categories. Several patterns emerge.
Predictive studies are largely optimistic of the rail's positive effects.
On the other hand, observational studies tend to identify both benefits
and shortfalls. Yet, neither of these patterns are universal and depend on
a number of other factors. One consistent pattern is that gains associated
with HSR appear to be stronger in first-tier cities. Nevertheless, certain
small towns and second-tier cities have undergone noteworthy
transformations as a result of HSR, especially where the public sector has
actively pursued new investment.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 617-633
Issue: 6
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.836578
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.836578
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:6:p:617-633
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Louise Reardon
Author-X-Name-First: Louise
Author-X-Name-Last: Reardon
Author-Name: Saamah Abdallah
Author-X-Name-First: Saamah
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdallah
Title: Well-being and Transport: Taking Stock and Looking Forward
Abstract:
It is only recently that researchers have
attempted to directly link transport to models of well-being and in turn
try to map transport's linkages to well-being outcomes. This paper seeks
to add to this new literature by introducing a dynamic model of
well-being, which highlights the different domains that make up
well-being, and in turn -- through providing one of the most holistic and
comprehensive discussions of the current well-being literature -- provide
an evaluation of our current understanding of transport's relationship to
well-being. The paper also seeks to highlight the different dimensions and
complexities of seeking to monitor and improve well-being through
transport policy. It will in turn be argued that the varied and complex
sets of outcomes that arise from transport policy interventions, and the
multiple ways in which they affect well-being, make a well-being approach
(that measures policy outcomes in terms of units of well-being) of
particular value for policy-makers. However, due to the complexities in
comparing positive well-being outcomes, it is argued that the best use of
well-being evidence for the transport sector may be to try to minimise the
negative effects on well-being caused by policy outcomes.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 634-657
Issue: 6
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.837117
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.837117
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:6:p:634-657
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jingyi Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Jingyi
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Author-Name: Yifang Ban
Author-X-Name-First: Yifang
Author-X-Name-Last: Ban
Title: Complex Network Topology of Transportation Systems
Abstract:
As a strategic factor for a country to
survive in the global competition, transportation systems have attracted
extensive attention from different disciplines for a long time. Since the
introduction of complex network theory in the last decade, however,
studies on transport systems have witnessed dramatic progress. Most roads,
streets, and rails are organized as a network pattern, while link flows,
travel time, or geographical distance are regarded as weights. In this
article, the authors will present the current state of topological
research on transportation systems under a complex network framework, as
well as the efforts and challenges that have been made in the last decade.
First, different kinds of transportation systems should be generalized as
networks in different ways, which will be explained in the first part of
this paper. We follow this by summarizing network measures that describe
topological characteristics of transportation networks. Then we discuss
the empirical observations from the last decade on real transportation
systems at a variety of spatial scales. This paper concludes with some
important challenges and open research frontiers in this field.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 658-685
Issue: 6
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.848955
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.848955
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:6:p:658-685
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Taotao Deng
Author-X-Name-First: Taotao
Author-X-Name-Last: Deng
Title: Impacts of Transport Infrastructure on Productivity and Economic Growth: Recent Advances and Research Challenges
Abstract:
The paper provides an update of the survey
focusing on estimating the contribution of transport infrastructure to
productivity and economic growth. The central questions addressed are
possible reasons behind the conflicting results reported in the literature
on the elasticity of economic output with respect to transport
infrastructure investment. After providing a systematic review of recent
empirical studies on the effects of transport infrastructure on
productivity and economic growth, the paper notes that controversial
results can be attributed to ten causes (grouped into three categories for
distinguishing): (1) related to different contexts: research period,
geographical scales, and country's capability in enabling economic
development; (2) related to different phenomena that are being measured:
different economic sectors, different types of transport infrastructure,
and different quality levels of transport infrastructure; and (3) related
to distinct ways of measuring a similar phenomenon: measures used to
describe the dependent variable and explanatory variable, functional
specification, and estimation method of the econometric model. Strong
network externalities of transport infrastructure may result in
nonlinearity of the relationship between transport infrastructure and
economic growth. Moreover, the absence of spatial concerns in
infrastructure's impacts is another important source of inconclusive
results. Finally, building on recent literature, the paper has discussed
policy implications and identified several research avenues for further
research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 686-699
Issue: 6
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.851745
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.851745
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:6:p:686-699
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lotte Verdonck
Author-X-Name-First: Lotte
Author-X-Name-Last: Verdonck
Author-Name: AN Caris
Author-X-Name-First: AN
Author-X-Name-Last: Caris
Author-Name: Katrien Ramaekers
Author-X-Name-First: Katrien
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramaekers
Author-Name: Gerrit K. Janssens
Author-X-Name-First: Gerrit K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Janssens
Title: Collaborative Logistics from the Perspective of Road Transportation Companies
Abstract:
To survive under the ever increasing
competitive and global pressures to operate more efficiently,
transportation companies are obliged to adopt a collaborative focus.
Various types of cooperative supply chain relationships have been
discussed in both professional and academic literature over the last
decades. However, research on horizontal cooperation in logistics remains
scarce and scattered across various research domains. Companies operating
at the same level of the supply chain and performing comparable logistics
functions may cooperate horizontally to increase their productivity,
improve their service level and enhance their market position. In this
paper, the focus is on the operational planning of horizontal cooperations
between road transportation carriers. Following a scientific literature
review, a distinction may be made between two operational approaches to
horizontal logistics collaboration: order sharing and capacity sharing.
For both research streams, a detailed overview of solution techniques
proposed in literature is presented. Moreover, some interesting
opportunities for future research are identified.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 700-719
Issue: 6
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.853706
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.853706
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:6:p:700-719
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moshe Givoni
Author-X-Name-First: Moshe
Author-X-Name-Last: Givoni
Author-Name: Frédéric Dobruszkes
Author-X-Name-First: Frédéric
Author-X-Name-Last: Dobruszkes
Title: A Review of Ex-Post Evidence for Mode Substitution and Induced Demand Following the Introduction of High-Speed Rail
Abstract:
To date, relatively little is known about
the nature of the demand for high-speed rail (HSR) soon after inauguration
of the services, despite close to 50-year experience of HSR operation and
17 166 km of HSR network around the world. This is a real lacuna given the
scale of HSR construction around the world, the amount of resources
committed to it, the desired accessibility, economic and environmental
effects associated with HSR development and the relatively poor track
record of forecasting demand for HSR services. Focusing on mode
substitution and induced demand effects, this review aims to fill the gap
in knowledge about the ex-post demand for HSR services in order to
facilitate a learning process for the planning of the future HSR network.
Although there is not much evidence on the demand for HSR services and
existing evidence is largely influenced by route-specific characteristics,
a methodological limitation that must be acknowledged, the evidence
presented allows a better characterisation of HSR as a mode of transport.
The review shows that the demand for HSR a few years after inauguration is
about 10--20% induced demand and the rest is attributed to mode
substitution. In terms of mode substitution, in most cases the majority of
HSR passengers have used the conventional rail before. Substitution from
aircraft, car and coach is generally more modest.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 720-742
Issue: 6
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.853707
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.853707
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:6:p:720-742
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Author-Name: Sabine Roeser
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Roeser
Title: Ethical Theories and the Cost--Benefit Analysis-Based Ex Ante Evaluation of Transport Policies and Plans
Abstract:
In the policy analysis community it is
widely recognized that 'sound' policies meet three criteria:
effectiveness, efficiency and equity. In most western countries,
cost--benefit analysis (CBA) is currently the standard method to
ex ante evaluate transport policy options. It scores high
for effectiveness and efficiency, but generally ignores equity and other
ethically important implications of policies. The CBA has its roots in the
ethical theory of utilitarianism. However, both utilitarianism and CBA
have faced many objections. We present alternative ethical theories, based
on deontological theories and contractarianism. We discuss how these
theories can inspire the ex ante evaluation of transport
policy options. We argue that in order to come to a moral evaluation of
transport policies we need a context-sensitive approach. According to such
an approach, there is a plurality of morally relevant features that have
to be balanced per situation. We argue that such a context-sensitive
approach is more appropriate than a priori selecting one theory such as
utilitarianism, as such a theory is not appropriate in all possibly
relevant circumstances. Consequently, by being based on utilitarianism,
CBA overlooks issues of justice, fairness, and autonomy that are morally
relevant to an evaluation of transport policies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 743-760
Issue: 6
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.854281
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.854281
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:6:p:743-760
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter White
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Title: Transport Survey Methods: Best Practice for Decision Making
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 761-762
Issue: 6
Volume: 33
Year: 2013
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.860498
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.860498
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:6:p:761-762
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Where to Start?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-3
Issue: 1
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.874131
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.874131
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:1:p:1-3
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Handy
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Handy
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee
Author-Name: Maarten Kroesen
Author-X-Name-First: Maarten
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroesen
Title: Promoting Cycling for Transport: Research Needs and Challenges
Abstract:
AbstractCycling as a mode
of transportation has many advantages for both cyclists and society: it is
a low-cost, low-polluting, health-improving way to travel. In light of
these benefits, a growing number of cities throughout the world are
implementing policies to promote cycling, though they continue to struggle
to identify the most effective ways to spend their limited resources. In
response, transport researchers are also increasingly focusing their
efforts on cycling, addressing a broader range of questions than in the
past, including: how much cycling is there? What strategies will increase
cycling? What are the benefits of increased cycling? This paper reviews
the challenges that researchers face in providing answers to these
questions by highlighting limitations of the existing research,
identifying remaining research needs, and discussing methodological
considerations for addressing those needs. Investments in cycling research
can pay off by providing a basis for identifying the most effective
strategies for increasing cycling and providing more accurate estimates of
the benefits that would accrue.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 4-24
Issue: 1
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.860204
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.860204
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:1:p:4-24
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gina Porter
Author-X-Name-First: Gina
Author-X-Name-Last: Porter
Title: Transport Services and Their Impact on Poverty and Growth in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Recent Research and Future Research Needs
Abstract:
AbstractThis paper reviews
recent transport services research in rural sub-Saharan Africa, with
reference to the crucial significance of transport services for reducing
poverty and encouraging growth. It focuses on issues key to improved
well-being: generation of direct employment, broader economic effects on
agricultural and off-farm activities, and social effects regarding health
and education. Throughout, the emphasis is on implications for vulnerable
groups. Attention is drawn to the potential of recent developments,
notably connectivities associated with motorcycle taxis and the rapid
expansion of mobile phones. Significant knowledge gaps in the transport
services arena are identified, from impacts of climate change, conflict
and pedestrian porterage to the economic valuation of transport, village
transport operations and road safety. Suggestions are made regarding the
type of studies and methods which could help to reduce some of these gaps.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 25-45
Issue: 1
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.865148
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.865148
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:1:p:25-45
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giselle Moraes Ramos
Author-X-Name-First: Giselle Moraes
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramos
Author-Name: Winnie Daamen
Author-X-Name-First: Winnie
Author-X-Name-Last: Daamen
Author-Name: Serge Hoogendoorn
Author-X-Name-First: Serge
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoogendoorn
Title: A State-of-the-Art Review: Developments in Utility Theory, Prospect Theory and Regret Theory to Investigate Travellers' Behaviour in Situations Involving Travel Time Uncertainty
Abstract:
AbstractDespite the wide
use of utility theory to model travellers' behaviour, the
interest in non-expected utility theories has increased
due to their potential to capture more realistic behaviour. A main
question raised is whether travellers are better described as utility
maximizers or should be qualified differently.This paper presents a
literature review on the use of expected utility theory
(EUT), prospect theory (PT) and regret
theory (RT) to model travellers' behaviour. Gaps in the
literature are identified and a discussion about advantages and
disadvantages of each theory is presented. A case study illustrates the
differences between the theories.Under certain conditions, PT and RT
restrict themselves to EUT. Their added value, however, is the possibility
of capturing loss aversion, risk aversion and risk-seeking (PT) and regret
aversion (RT). On the practical level, the use of EUT is well established,
while contributions of PT and RT are marginal. On the theoretical level,
however, RT seems to be (marginally) more suitable to model travellers'
behaviour, while EUT and PT are equally suitable. This suggests that the
large use of EUT is highly influenced by its very tractable framework. We
do not claim the superiority of any theory, but propose to compare them
through a systematic review.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 46-67
Issue: 1
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.856356
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.856356
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:1:p:46-67
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martijn R. van der Horst
Author-X-Name-First: Martijn R.
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Horst
Author-Name: Larissa M. van der Lugt
Author-X-Name-First: Larissa M.
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Lugt
Title: An Institutional Analysis of Coordination in Liberalized Port-related Railway Chains: An Application to the Port of Rotterdam
Abstract:
AbstractThe European
railway market has gone through a period of liberalization over the last
two decades. The liberalization of the railway market has also affected
port-related railway transport. Efficient port-related transport chains
are key in the competition among ports, however providing this efficiency
is to a large extent a coordination challenge. Many forms of coordination
are needed to ensure that the railway chain operates efficiently,
including the bundling of cargo, and good organization between railway
companies, terminal operators and the infrastructure managers to realize
an efficient use of assets. From the literature, it appears that less
attention has been paid to the economic organization of port-related
railway transport in general, and specifically in the new liberalized
institutional environment. The goal of this paper is to come up with a
framework to better understand the issue of coordination in port-related
railway chains in a liberalized institutional environment. This paper
presents a conceptual framework rooted in Transaction Cost Economics
(TCE). Based on an in-depth study into coordination in liberalized
container railway market at the Port of Rotterdam, empirical illustrations
are used to adjust the TCE approach toward a dynamic model influenced by
Douglas North's theory on economic and institutional change. Empirics from
the port of Rotterdam show that new players have entered the railway
market and their role has changed. This paper shows that coordination of
railway operations has become more complex after the regime change. From a
port perspective, liberalization does not lead to an optimal allocation of
resources in a process that is highly operationally interdependent. In the
liberalized environment, coordination arrangements are necessary to enable
efficient coordination of railway operations in Rotterdam.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 68-85
Issue: 1
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.874379
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.874379
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:1:p:68-85
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jamie Montague Fischer
Author-X-Name-First: Jamie Montague
Author-X-Name-Last: Fischer
Author-Name: Mshadoni Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Mshadoni
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Adjo Amekudzi Kennedy
Author-X-Name-First: Adjo Amekudzi
Author-X-Name-Last: Kennedy
Title: Why and How to Use Customer Opinions: A Quality-of-Life and Customer Satisfaction-Oriented Foundation for Performance-Based Decision-Making
Abstract:
AbstractThe concepts of
'customer satisfaction' (CS) and 'quality of life' (QOL) have both been
used, on a limited basis, in strategic planning and performance
measurement at state departments of transportation. However, the meanings
and usefulness of these concepts are still unclear or evolving to many
practitioners. Based on a review of the literature and customer opinion
data collected for various transportation studies in the USA and Europe,
this paper offers two important contributions to the transportation
literature. The paper clarifies the relationship between the CS and QOL
concepts, placing CS in the broader context of customer opinions and
subjective well-being. The paper then identifies six categories of survey
tools for collecting customer opinions, describing how each can be used
within a performance management framework to reveal the QOL impacts of
transportation decisions. Agencies can use the definitions, conceptual
relationships, performance measures, and decision-making processes
discussed in this paper to refine their performance management programs,
to better understand customer and public perceptions, and to make
systematic progress toward their QOL oriented goals.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 86-101
Issue: 1
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.875078
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.875078
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:1:p:86-101
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chi-Hong (Patrick) Tsai
Author-X-Name-First: Chi-Hong (Patrick)
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsai
Author-Name: Corinne Mulley
Author-X-Name-First: Corinne
Author-X-Name-Last: Mulley
Author-Name: Geoffrey Clifton
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Clifton
Title: A Review of Pseudo Panel Data Approach in Estimating Short-run and Long-run Public Transport Demand Elasticities
Abstract:
AbstractThe distinctions
between short-run and long-run public transport demand elasticities have
been highlighted in the literature, but the identification of long-run
travel demand has been constrained by existing research methodology and
the unavailability of longitudinal travel survey data. The pseudo panel
data approach using repeated cross-sectional data has been suggested as an
alternative to conducting a longitudinal travel demand analysis when
genuine panel data are not available. This paper comprehensively reviews
the background and the current practices of pseudo panel data research,
and introduces the challenges in applied research that need further
investigation, particularly for public transport. A case study using the
Sydney Household Travel Survey data is presented to demonstrate pseudo
panel data construction and to identify the short-run and long-run public
transport demand elasticities using a pseudo panel data approach. The
research findings suggest that the public transport demand elasticity of
price in Sydney is - 0.22 in the short run and - 0.29 in the long run.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 102-121
Issue: 1
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.875079
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.875079
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:1:p:102-121
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco te Brömmelstroet
Author-X-Name-First: Marco te
Author-X-Name-Last: Brömmelstroet
Title: Moving Towards Low Carbon Mobility
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 122-123
Issue: 1
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.879236
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2013.879236
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:1:p:122-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moshe Givoni
Author-X-Name-First: Moshe
Author-X-Name-Last: Givoni
Title: What to Review?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 125-127
Issue: 2
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.891361
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.891361
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:2:p:125-127
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Grant-Muller
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Grant-Muller
Author-Name: Meng Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Meng
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Title: The Role of Tradable Credit Schemes in Road Traffic Congestion Management
Abstract:
Road traffic congestion is not yet reflected in
current market prices within the sector and has given rise to a number of
instruments to mitigate the resulting negative impacts. The focus of this
paper is the tradable credit scheme - an incentive-based economic measure
- in order to address traffic congestion. The research questions are (1)
whether the state-of-the-art in the literature suggests that tradable
credit schemes could be feasibly introduced to mitigate congestion, and
(2) whether a tradable credit scheme could have advantages over other
instruments. A brief outline of congestion mitigation approaches is
provided first to position this type of economic instrument with respect
to other measures. The broad issues in the design of a tradable credit
scheme are then presented. Most research to date has focused on the use of
tradable credits to manage related pollution, but it is clear there is
potential to design a scheme for traffic congestion management. To date
this is a novel review of tradable credit schemes that has focused
specifically on their role in road traffic congestion management.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 128-149
Issue: 2
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.880754
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.880754
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:2:p:128-149
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Ortega
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortega
Author-Name: J.M. Vassallo
Author-X-Name-First: J.M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Vassallo
Author-Name: A.F. Guzmán
Author-X-Name-First: A.F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Guzmán
Author-Name: P.J. Pérez-Martínez
Author-X-Name-First: P.J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez-Martínez
Title: Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain
Abstract:
In this paper we carry out a thorough
review of the current research related to the benefits and costs arising
from the implementation of longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs). From this
review we concluded that despite the many studies available, little has
been said about the sensitivity of the benefits and costs to the ultimate
performance of the key variables related to the evolution of the economy,
road transport performance, safety, and so on. In order to fill this gap,
we have designed a sensitivity approach based on a cost benefit analysis
tool to determine which variables demonstrate the greatest influence on
the benefits and costs stemming from the implementation of LHVs. In order
to test the methodology, we have used it in an analysis of the Spanish
trunk network. The results show that the benefits of LHVs for society are
significant. Even in the least favorable scenario, the economic benefits
are greater than €3500 million over 15 years, and the environment
enhanced as well, for CO2 emissions are reduced by 2 Million
tonnes. Overall we noted how the results are not very sensitive to the
evolution of key variables in determining the final outcome. However, we
found that the variables that have the greatest affect on the final
benefit, such as traffic growth and social discount rate, depend basically
on the performance of the overall economy. Moreover, the private cost for
haulers seems to be more important in determining the final benefit than
externality costs.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 150-168
Issue: 2
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.891161
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.891161
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:2:p:150-168
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jasmine Siu Lee Lam
Author-X-Name-First: Jasmine Siu Lee
Author-X-Name-Last: Lam
Author-Name: Theo Notteboom
Author-X-Name-First: Theo
Author-X-Name-Last: Notteboom
Title: The Greening of Ports: A Comparison of Port Management Tools Used by Leading Ports in Asia and Europe
Abstract:
From the policy and management
perspective, this study aims to investigate the port management tools that
port/public authorities have at their disposal and then to analyse to what
extent the tools are used to enforce or encourage green port development
at functional activities of port operations and development. We conduct an
exploratory and comparative review based on two axes: on the one hand, the
range of tools available to port authorities (pricing, monitoring and
measuring, market access control and environmental standard regulation)
and on the other hand, the functional activities in ports (shipping
traffic, cargo handling and storage operations, intermodal connection,
industrial activities, and port expansion). The situations in the leading
ports in Asia and Europe, namely Singapore, Shanghai, Antwerp and
Rotterdam are studied and compared, whereby the policies' effectiveness is
discussed accordingly. Findings show that the ports are particularly
mature in exercising environmental standard regulations which reveals that
the enforcement approach is more prevalent. The most focused functional
activity is shipping traffic which reflects that the ports are driven by
the International Maritime Organisation. The respective port authorities
in Antwerp and Rotterdam have a higher level of influence on devising
green port policy in comparison to the two Asian ports.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 169-189
Issue: 2
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.891162
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.891162
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:2:p:169-189
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Auttapone Karndacharuk
Author-X-Name-First: Auttapone
Author-X-Name-Last: Karndacharuk
Author-Name: Douglas J. Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Author-Name: Roger Dunn
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Dunn
Title: A Review of the Evolution of Shared (Street) Space Concepts in Urban Environments
Abstract:
This paper aims to clearly establish the origin and
evolution of the shared space concept from a New Zealand perspective by
reviewing the literature in the disciplines of both urban design and
transportation engineering. The review process involves investigating the
use and function of a public road space in the context of the changing of
public expectations and how this can relate to a number of interconnected
street design approaches (e.g. traffic calming and self-explaining roads
(SERs)). These approaches have been used to minimise the influence of
motor vehicles since the beginning of the automobile era. The shared space
concept, when applied in public road environments in activity centres, has
increasingly been embraced by urban planners, transportation engineers and
regulatory agencies. A shared space diverges from a conventional road
where all road users are encouraged to legitimately occupy the same road
space with little physical separation. To achieve this in a safe and
efficient manner, the design aims to reduce the dominance of the motor
vehicle by promoting pedestrian and cycling activity and utilising the
road space as a 'place' in addition to its 'transport' mobility and access
purposes. Given the fundamental conceptual differentiation between a
traffic-calmed street and a shared space, the paper argues that there are
certain design elements, constituting a shared space, and without them, it
would be difficult for a public street to function as a genuine shared
space for all road users.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 190-220
Issue: 2
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.893038
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.893038
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:2:p:190-220
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Y. Bigazzi
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bigazzi
Author-Name: Miguel A. Figliozzi
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Figliozzi
Title: Review of Urban Bicyclists' Intake and Uptake of Traffic-Related Air Pollution
Abstract:
Bicycling as a mode of transportation is enjoying a
boost in many urban areas around the world. Although there are clear
health benefits of increased physical activity while bicycling, bicyclists
may experience increased inhalation of traffic-related air pollutants.
Bicyclists have two to five times higher respiration rates than travelers
in motorized vehicles and this difference increases with bicycle travel
speed and exertion level. The main goal of this work is to review the
state of knowledge regarding urban bicyclists' intake and uptake of
traffic-related air pollution and to identify key knowledge gaps. This
review includes not only bicyclists' exposure to air pollution
concentrations but also respiration rates, intake doses (the amount of
pollutant that is inhaled), and uptake doses (the amount of pollutant that
is incorporated into the body). Research gaps and opportunities for future
research are discussed. This is the first review to specifically address
bicyclists' health risks from traffic-related air pollution and to
explicitly include intake and uptake doses in addition to exposure
concentrations for travelers.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 221-245
Issue: 2
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.897772
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.897772
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:2:p:221-245
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrés Gómez-Lobo
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: Gómez-Lobo
Author-Name: Julio Briones
Author-X-Name-First: Julio
Author-X-Name-Last: Briones
Title: Incentives in Bus Concession Contracts: A Review of Several Experiences in Latin America
Abstract:
This paper reviews the incentive structure of
concession contracts in several Latin American transit reforms. It also
presents a conceptual analysis of the optimal design of concession
contracts. The conceptual discussion and case studies reviewed indicate
that payment to operators should be linked to operational variables and
that some demand risk should optimally be transferred to operators.
Performance standards linked to fines and penalties are not sufficient to
guarantee good quality of service, particularly in citywide reforms and
where institutional capacity - in terms of size, experience and expertise
of staff - is lacking and regulatory processes are slow, bureaucratic and
cumbersome. This review may be useful for policy-makers designing transit
reforms in other countries. The policy lessons of the paper are
particularly relevant to cities in the developing world but they are also
important for reforms in other countries.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 246-265
Issue: 2
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.895451
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.895451
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:2:p:246-265
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Aldred
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldred
Title: Promoting Walking and Cycling: New Perspectives on Sustainable Travel
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 266-267
Issue: 2
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.887596
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.887596
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:2:p:266-267
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nadav Levy
Author-X-Name-First: Nadav
Author-X-Name-Last: Levy
Title: Parking Reform Made Easy
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 267-269
Issue: 2
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.890257
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.890257
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:2:p:267-269
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Attard
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Attard
Title: Transition Towards Sustainable Mobility. The Role of Instruments, Individuals and Institutions
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 269-270
Issue: 2
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.890679
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.890679
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:2:p:269-270
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Harrod
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrod
Title: Trains Across Borders; Comparative Studies on International Cooperation in Railway Development
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 271-272
Issue: 2
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.893039
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.893039
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:2:p:271-272
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Browne
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Browne
Title: Moving Freight
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 273-275
Issue: 3
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.916511
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.916511
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:3:p:273-275
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aiga Stokenberga
Author-X-Name-First: Aiga
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokenberga
Title: Does Bus Rapid Transit Influence Urban Land Development and Property Values: A Review of the Literature
Abstract:
Despite the proliferation of bus rapid
transit (BRT) systems over the past few decades across developed and
developing world cities, the impacts across these systems
on the urban spatial development and property markets have not been
comprehensively studied. The current paper attempts to fill this gap in
the literature by reviewing the methodologies, underlying theories, and
findings presented in the individual academic studies on BRT land-use and
price impacts, mostly drawing on those that have focused on Latin American
and Asian systems. The review shows that the land-use and value impacts
have been less uniform across systems compared to such operational
performance metrics as speed and travel time improvements. While
predominantly relying on cross-sectional modeling techniques, the
approaches used to evaluate land-use changes induced by the transit
systems are not uniform either, with only some studies explicitly
measuring changes in types of land use as opposed to
simply land or rental price. The study also concludes that more rigorous
evaluation is needed as to whether the BRT systems have improved
accessibility for the populations that inhabited the corridors previously
or whether, instead, the desired land value increases have in fact
resulted in significant population displacement.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 276-296
Issue: 3
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.902404
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.902404
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:3:p:276-296
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrés Gómez-Lobo
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: Gómez-Lobo
Title: Monopoly, Subsidies and the Mohring Effect: A Synthesis
Abstract:
This paper provides a unifying framework to
analyze whether a monopoly transit provider will under or over-supply
frequency. To this end we couch the problem in term of Spence [(1975).
Monopoly, quality and regulation. The Bell Journal of Economics,
6, 417-429] who analyzed the incentives to provide quality by a
monopolist. We show that all of the results of a recent academic exchange
discussing this topic are special cases of Spence [(1975). Monopoly,
quality and regulation. The Bell Journal of Economics, 6,
417-429], albeit with an adjustment in order to take into account
the cost structure of frequency provision in the case of public transport.
In theory then, there are cases when a monopolist may offer optimal or
above optimal levels of frequency without requiring subsidies. However,
public transport is rarely provided by an unregulated monopolist. Rather,
these services are usually provided either by an exclusive operator under
regulated fares or by a group of competing operators, with or without fare
regulation. We show that in the first case frequency will always be below
the social optimal level.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 297-315
Issue: 3
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.902871
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.902871
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:3:p:297-315
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Li Shen
Author-X-Name-First: Li
Author-X-Name-Last: Shen
Author-Name: Peter R. Stopher
Author-X-Name-First: Peter R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Stopher
Title: Review of GPS Travel Survey and GPS Data-Processing Methods
Abstract:
Global positioning system (GPS) devices
have been utilised in travel surveys since the late 1990s. Because GPS
devices are very accurate at recording time and positional characteristics
of travel, they can correct the trip-misreporting issue resulting from
self-reports of travel and improve the accuracy of travel data. Although
the initial idea of using GPS surveys in transport data collection was
just to replace paper-based travel diaries, GPS surveys currently are
being applied in a number of transport fields. Several general reviews
have been done about GPS surveys in the literature review sections in some
papers, but a detailed systematic review from GPS data collection to the
whole procedure of GPS data processing has not been undertaken. This paper
comprehensively reviews the development of GPS surveys and their
applications, and GPS data processing. Different from most reviews in GPS
research, this paper provides a detailed and systematic comparison between
different methods from trip identification to mode and purpose detection,
introduces the methods that researchers and planners are currently using,
and discusses the pros and cons of those methods. Based on this review,
researchers can choose appropriate methods and endeavour to improve
them.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 316-334
Issue: 3
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.903530
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.903530
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:3:p:316-334
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Bakker
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Bakker
Author-Name: Mark Zuidgeest
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Zuidgeest
Author-Name: Heleen de Coninck
Author-X-Name-First: Heleen
Author-X-Name-Last: de Coninck
Author-Name: Cornie Huizenga
Author-X-Name-First: Cornie
Author-X-Name-Last: Huizenga
Title: Transport, Development and Climate Change Mitigation: Towards an Integrated Approach
Abstract:
Transport and infrastructure development
enables economic and social development, but is often detrimental to
sustainable development due to congestion, accidents, air pollution, as
well as greenhouse gas emissions. Various policy frameworks have been
created to connect transport with development, development with climate
change and climate change mitigation with the transport sector. However,
so far no consistent framework exists that addresses these three areas in
an integrated manner.This article demonstrates that sustainable
development of the transport sector is not viable on the longer term in
the absence of such a three-way framework. First, current perspectives and
practices on transport and (sustainable) development are reviewed,
demonstrating that outcomes and policies are not consistently positive on
all three dimensions. The article then re-evaluates the
Avoid-Shift-Improve (ASI) approach, initially developed to address climate
change mitigation and other environmental issues in the transport sector,
adding two perspectives on sustainable development that are not generally
taken into account when discussing ASI: transition theory and sustainable
lifestyles. Together with attention to the development function of
transport by incorporating Access into ASI, this could enable a more
long-term sustainability-oriented view on transport, development and
climate mitigation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 335-355
Issue: 3
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.903531
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.903531
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:3:p:335-355
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rita Peñabaena-Niebles
Author-X-Name-First: Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Peñabaena-Niebles
Author-Name: Victor Cantillo
Author-X-Name-First: Victor
Author-X-Name-Last: Cantillo
Author-Name: Sandra Cuentas
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuentas
Author-Name: José Luis Moura
Author-X-Name-First: José Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Moura
Title: Transition between Signal Timing Plans: A Methodological and Analytical Overview
Abstract:
The transition phase is generally defined
as the process of switching from one timing plan to another; this process
may include changes in offset, phase split or cycle length until
coordination for a new timing plan is reached once again. As noted in the
literature, transition phases between timing plans may lead to severe
disruptions of traffic flow, resulting in potentially lasting effects. The
aim of this paper is to comprehensively review, classify and analyse the
literature regarding transition between different timing plans to
highlight existing research gaps and give researchers a starting point to
continue contributing with solutions to the transition problem. Regarding
transition approaches, a gap concerning mathematical approaches was deemed
significant as a transition could be greatly benefited by simultaneously
optimising more than one operational measure of effectiveness through
multi-objective mathematical models. Moreover, in the analysis of applied
approaches, Shortway algorithms generally outperformed other practical
methods under different scenarios.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 356-378
Issue: 3
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.905648
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.905648
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:3:p:356-378
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harald M. Hjelle
Author-X-Name-First: Harald M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hjelle
Title: Atmospheric Emissions of Short Sea Shipping Compared to Road Transport Through the Peaks and Troughs of Short-Term Market Cycles
Abstract:
The comparative superiority of shipping
services with respect to atmospheric emissions per ton-km is beyond debate
in the case of deep sea and bulk operations. The case for short sea
shipping in a setting with small consignments and frequent port-calls
needs to be demonstrated relative to road transport alternatives, in
particular when cargo markets are fluctuating. The empirical part of this
article is based on detailed shipment-level data from a current European
short sea operation and data from engine reports on actual fuel
consumption. The dataset enables the construction of a high-quality
origin-destination matrix of pallet-based shipments. A contrafactual case
of an alternative trucking operation serving this comprehensive set of
shipments is constructed, and CO2 equivalent emissions to air
are calculated and analysed under different scenarios. This comparative
analysis illustrates just how efficient a modern short sea shipping
operation needs to be in order to compete with road transport with respect
to air emissions. The analysis suggests that such a pallet-based short sea
shipping operation may be superior to trucking alternatives when it comes
to carbon emissions under given circumstances, but not always.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 379-395
Issue: 3
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.905649
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.905649
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:3:p:379-395
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter W. de Langen
Author-X-Name-First: Peter W.
Author-X-Name-Last: de Langen
Author-Name: Christiaan Heij
Author-X-Name-First: Christiaan
Author-X-Name-Last: Heij
Title: Corporatisation and Performance: A Literature Review and an Analysis of the Performance Effects of the Corporatisation of Port of Rotterdam Authority
Abstract:
The ongoing process of port reform has led
to an increasing number of publicly owned but corporatised port
authorities (PAs). The performance effects of corporatisation have been
analysed, for example, for the airports industry, often showing positive
effects. This paper reviews the literature on port reform and the
relationship between port governance structures and performance. It also
presents a first case study on the effects of corporatisation of PAs,
namely for the Port of Rotterdam Authority, a publicly owned but
corporatised port development company. In 2004, this organisation was
transformed from a municipal department to an independently operating
company. The performance indicators to evaluate the effect of this
corporatisation include market share, turnover, operating costs, profits,
and investments. These indicators are evaluated for two periods, one prior
to the corporatisation (1997-2003) and the other afterwards (2005-11). The
comparison of these two periods shows that corporatisation has led to
significant improvements of all performance indicators. The findings
derived from this case study are relevant for the ongoing discussion on
port governance models.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 396-414
Issue: 3
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.905650
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.905650
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:3:p:396-414
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sigal Kaplan
Author-X-Name-First: Sigal
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaplan
Title: Why Book Reviews? 18 June 2014
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 415-417
Issue: 4
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.938478
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.938478
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:4:p:415-417
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Bachmann
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Bachmann
Author-Name: Chris Kennedy
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Kennedy
Author-Name: Matthew J. Roorda
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Roorda
Title: Applications of Random-Utility-based Multi-region Input-Output Models of Transport and the Spatial Economy
Abstract:
An introduction to random-utility-based
multiregional input-output models used for the purpose of spatial economic
and transport interaction modelling is provided. The main methodological
developments and important results of a dozen applications from the years
1996-2013 are described. This is followed by an outlook of potential
future directions. Further research is mainly needed in five areas: (a)
overall validation of the method, perhaps through back-casting
applications on infrastructure plans with observed trade impacts; (b)
extensions of trade coefficient models to add realism and improve
accuracy; (c) the use of multi-scale modelling to capture
interdependencies between geographical scales and to improve the
representation of exports and imports; (d) improvements in the
representation of price effects, as well as innovation and technological
progress, by way of variable technical coefficients; and (e) a deeper
investigation of the algorithm used to include elastic selling prices.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 418-440
Issue: 4
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.907369
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.907369
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:4:p:418-440
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabreena Anowar
Author-X-Name-First: Sabreena
Author-X-Name-Last: Anowar
Author-Name: Naveen Eluru
Author-X-Name-First: Naveen
Author-X-Name-Last: Eluru
Author-Name: Luis F. Miranda-Moreno
Author-X-Name-First: Luis F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miranda-Moreno
Title: Alternative Modeling Approaches Used for Examining Automobile Ownership: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract:
Household vehicle ownership, and the associated
dimensions including fleet size, vehicle type and usage, has been one of
the most researched transport topics. This paper endeavors to provide a
critical overview of the wide-ranging methodological approaches employed
in vehicle ownership modeling depending on the ownership representation
over the past two decades. The studies in the existing literature based on
the vehicle ownership representation are classified as: exogenous static,
exogenous dynamic, endogenous static and endogenous dynamic models. The
methodological approaches applied range from simple linear regressions to
complex econometrics formulations taking into account a rich set of
covariates. In spite of the steady advancement and impressive evolution in
terms of methodological approaches to examine the decision process, we
identify complex issues that pose a formidable challenge to address the
evolution of vehicle ownership in the coming years. Specifically, we
discuss challenges with data availability and methodological framework
selection. In light of these discussions, we provide a decision matrix for
aiding researchers/practitioners in determining appropriate model
frameworks for conducting vehicle ownership analysis.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 441-473
Issue: 4
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.915440
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.915440
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:4:p:441-473
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sofia Kalakou
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalakou
Author-Name: Filipe Moura
Author-X-Name-First: Filipe
Author-X-Name-Last: Moura
Title: Bridging the Gap in Planning Indoor Pedestrian Facilities
Abstract:
Pedestrians are currently attracting the interest
of various researchers and practitioners, particularly urban and transport
planners. Analysis of the pedestrian behavior, environment and modeling
has been carried out in diverse instances in the context of pedestrian
planning. This paper seeks to identify the content of each of these three
research areas and designate the linkages that connect their interests
providing insights into planning indoor pedestrian facilities. To achieve
this objective, a review of the literature on pedestrians walking indoors
and indoor pedestrian environments was conducted. Understanding pedestrian
behavior is fundamental in the pedestrian planning process. Principles of
decision-making, cognition, wayfinding and flows were studied. When
analyzing the pedestrian environment, Space Syntax and wayfinding analysis
were found to be established methods that are an integral part of this
field. Finally, the majority of the existing modeling approaches were
identified. It was found that despite the dynamic evolution of each area,
the integration of different research perspectives is weak. The paper
concluded with the proposal of a mindmap which brings together all the
concepts found in the literature and which should be explored for a more
comprehensive planning of indoor pedestrian facilities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 474-500
Issue: 4
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.915441
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.915441
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:4:p:474-500
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brendan Pender
Author-X-Name-First: Brendan
Author-X-Name-Last: Pender
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Author-Name: Alexa Delbosc
Author-X-Name-First: Alexa
Author-X-Name-Last: Delbosc
Author-Name: Nirajan Shiwakoti
Author-X-Name-First: Nirajan
Author-X-Name-Last: Shiwakoti
Title: Social Media Use during Unplanned Transit Network Disruptions: A Review of Literature
Abstract:
This paper explores social media's role in managing
unplanned transit networks disruptions. Although literature exists more
broadly on the use of social media in transit, this paper presents the
first literature review in this setting. When disruptions occur, commuters
require reliable, up-to-date information. Its provision reduces anxiety
and allows informed choices. Social media is beneficial given it provides
real-time information but it can only supplement (not replace)
conventional approaches. Information reliability was critical. Research in
the field of disaster management illustrates the importance of publicly
contributed information. Known as "crowdsourcing", it is part of the
emerging field of crisis informatics which for the first time was linked
to unplanned transit disruption management. The results highlight that
social media's real-time nature can reduce disrupted travel demand;
however, its utilisation can be resource-intensive. A framework presented
illustrates how social media utilisation varies according to the
operational characteristics of a disrupted network. Social media use as an
information delivery tool is still in its infancy and an unwillingness to
embrace it is an impediment to sustained growth. Crowdsourcing is one
approach that could resolve the issue of transit agency resourcing whilst
satisfying the increased demand and expectation for real-time information.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 501-521
Issue: 4
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.915442
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.915442
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:4:p:501-521
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bradley Casey
Author-X-Name-First: Bradley
Author-X-Name-Last: Casey
Author-Name: Ashish Bhaskar
Author-X-Name-First: Ashish
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhaskar
Author-Name: Hao Guo
Author-X-Name-First: Hao
Author-X-Name-Last: Guo
Author-Name: Edward Chung
Author-X-Name-First: Edward
Author-X-Name-Last: Chung
Title: Critical Review of Time-Dependent Shortest Path Algorithms: A Multimodal Trip Planner Perspective
Abstract:
A multimodal trip planner that produces optimal
journeys involving both public transport and private vehicle legs has to
solve a number of shortest path problems, both on the road network and the
public transport network. The algorithms that are used to solve these
shortest path problems have been researched since the late 1950s. However,
in order to provide accurate journey plans that can be trusted by the
user, the variability of travel times caused by traffic congestion must be
taken into consideration. This requires the use of more sophisticated
time-dependent shortest path algorithms, which have only been researched
in depth over the last two decades, from the mid-1990s. This paper will
review and compare nine algorithms that have been proposed in the
literature, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm
on the basis of five important criteria that must be considered when
choosing one or more of them to implement in a multimodal trip planner.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 522-539
Issue: 4
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.921797
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.921797
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:4:p:522-539
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morten Skou Nicolaisen
Author-X-Name-First: Morten Skou
Author-X-Name-Last: Nicolaisen
Author-Name: Patrick Arthur Driscoll
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick Arthur
Author-X-Name-Last: Driscoll
Title: Ex-Post Evaluations of Demand Forecast Accuracy: A Literature Review
Abstract:
Travel demand forecasts play a crucial role in the
preparation of decision support to policy-makers in the field of transport
planning. The results feed directly into impact appraisals such as
cost-benefit analyses and environmental impact assessments, which are
mandatory for large public works projects in many countries. Over the last
few decades, there has been increasing attention given to the lack of
demand forecast accuracy. However, since data availability for
comprehensive ex-post appraisals is problematic, such
studies are still relatively rare. This study presents a review of the
largest ex-post studies of demand forecast accuracy for
transport infrastructure projects. The focus is threefold: to provide an
overview of observed levels of demand forecast inaccuracy, to highlight
key contextual and methodological differences between studies and to
highlight key focus areas for future research in this field. The results
show that inaccuracy remains problematic for road, rail and toll projects
alike, but also how the lack of methodological clarity and consistency
calls for a careful interpretation of these results. Mandatory, systematic
ex-post evaluation programmes are suggested as a
necessary tool to improve decision support, as data availability for
ex-post studies is often remarkably poor even for
internal audits.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 540-557
Issue: 4
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.926428
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.926428
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:4:p:540-557
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter White
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Title: How Do We Relate Academic Research to Current Practice and Performance?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 559-561
Issue: 5
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.969134
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.969134
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:5:p:559-561
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ilan Salomon
Author-X-Name-First: Ilan
Author-X-Name-Last: Salomon
Author-Name: Matan E. Singer
Author-X-Name-First: Matan E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Singer
Title: 'Informal Travel': A New Conceptualization of Travel Patterns?
Abstract:
In transportation, informal transport refers mainly to the use of
paratransit services in the developing world. In this paper we argue that
informal travel may include, in addition to mode and users, also other
travel pattern elements, such as trip planning, structure, purpose, and
destination. Each of these can be placed along an axis ranging from formal
manifestations to informal ones, thus creating a 'formality scale'.
Moreover, these elements may be combined in numerous ways, creating a
multitude of travel patterns that may be placed all along the formality
scale. After providing a definition of formal, semi-formal, and informal
travel and characterizing travel patterns according to the formality scale
we identify population groups which exemplify semi-formal and informal
travel patterns. Next, we analyze the 2009 US National Household Travel
Survey, which suggests informal travel may be growing. This leads to a
discussion on various factors that might affect travel formality. Most
notably, the growing use of information and communication technologies may
be shifting travel toward the informal end of the axis. In turn, this
might affect trip symmetry, which may result in further effects on the
transportation system.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 562-582
Issue: 5
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.930075
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.930075
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:5:p:562-582
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jason Monios
Author-X-Name-First: Jason
Author-X-Name-Last: Monios
Author-Name: Gordon Wilmsmeier
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilmsmeier
Title: The Impact of Container Type Diversification on Regional British Port Development Strategies
Abstract:
Despite a concentration of container traffic in the southeast of the UK
over the last few decades, regional ports are attempting new development
strategies to capture or retain specific traffic segments. These include
intra-European short-sea traffic and a potentially increasing feeder
market. These trends are reflected in the movement of different container
types, which result in a number of planning challenges related to changing
infrastructural and operational requirements. This paper uses highly
disaggregated data on container type movements to address three issues
that can inform these planning challenges. First, the imbalance of trade
resulting in empty container repositioning; second, the requirement for
gauge-cleared rail routes to cater for the increasing proportion of
high-cube containers; and third, the specialisation of European short-sea
traffic at secondary UK ports. The results reveal the disproportionate
repositioning of empty containers at Scottish ports and the importance of
45 ft, high-cube and pallet-wide containers at regional ports,
highlighting their focus on intra-European short-sea traffic and raising
difficulties relating to their lower quality of landside infrastructure
(particularly rail) in comparison to the large south-eastern ports. The
potential repercussions on hinterland infrastructure development raise
questions about both public and private sector responses to regional port
development.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 583-606
Issue: 5
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.946457
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.946457
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:5:p:583-606
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asif Ahmed
Author-X-Name-First: Asif
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahmed
Author-Name: Peter Stopher
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Stopher
Title: Seventy Minutes Plus or Minus 10 - A Review of Travel Time Budget Studies
Abstract:
This paper provides a comprehensive review of travel-time budget (TTB)
studies in the literature for about the past four decades. Starting with
the concept of TTBs, it discusses both the studies that support the
existence of TTB and also those that deem the concept to be unfounded.
Sociodemographic variables and their relation to TTB are also discussed
briefly. However, as past studies use different data sources, survey
techniques, and methodology for analysis, cross comparison of studies is
not possible. Most importantly, the underlying cause of the regularity
that is found at an aggregate level is still not known. The idea of TTB is
important because, if it exists, it would mean that the total time spent
on travelling per person per day will remain unchanged in spite of all
improvements to transport. TTB has immense implications for transport
policies and it is usually ignored. The paper also explores the available
theoretical explanation of this concept, past research gaps and new
analysis potentials. Recent directions in TTB studies are also discussed
together with the potential use of multiday multiyear panel data in TTB
research to explore the phenomenon better than before.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 607-625
Issue: 5
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.946460
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.946460
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:5:p:607-625
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michel Beuthe
Author-X-Name-First: Michel
Author-X-Name-Last: Beuthe
Author-Name: Bart Jourquin
Author-X-Name-First: Bart
Author-X-Name-Last: Jourquin
Author-Name: Natalie Urbain
Author-X-Name-First: Natalie
Author-X-Name-Last: Urbain
Title: Estimating Freight Transport Price Elasticity in Multi-mode Studies: A Review and Additional Results from a Multimodal Network Model
Abstract:
The paper presents a detailed comparative review of price/cost elasticity
estimates published in a number of studies on multi-mode freight transport
demands. It attempts to determine which factors could explain the wide
diversity of estimates: data aggregation, diversity of markets, and
methodology. It also presents new estimates for rail, road, and waterway
modes, derived from a multimodal freight network model of the Rhine area
market. Direct and cross-elasticities are estimated for 11 groups of
commodities and per distance category. The results are critically assessed
by comparison with the reviewed studies. The paper concludes with a few
recommendations about meaningful uses of existing estimates and the need
for additional experiments with different methodologies applied on a
common data basis.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 626-644
Issue: 5
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.946459
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.946459
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:5:p:626-644
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guilherme Bergmann Borges Vieira
Author-X-Name-First: Guilherme Bergmann Borges
Author-X-Name-Last: Vieira
Author-Name: Francisco José Kliemann Neto
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco José
Author-X-Name-Last: Kliemann Neto
Author-Name: Fernando Gonçalves Amaral
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando Gonçalves
Author-X-Name-Last: Amaral
Title: Governance, Governance Models and Port Performance: A Systematic Review
Abstract:
Studies on ports as business clusters and governance of the different
actors in the port logistics chain are rapidly developing. In this
context, one emerging topic concerns the analysis of governance models and
their relationship with port performance. The present study is a
systematic review of port governance that aims to describe the evolution
of research on this topic between 1992 and 2013, identifying the
governance models developed from this research and analysing the main
characteristics of these models and their contribution to port
performance. The results indicated that port governance studies remain
incipient and follow a predominantly qualitative approach based on case
studies and conceptual works. Regarding governance models and their
relationship with port performance, although some models have been
observed in the literature, the study of this subject has yet to be
developed, and the relationship between governance models and port
performance remains inconclusive. Although the existing models make a
contribution, they allow gaps in terms of evaluating governance outcomes,
identifying governance elements and discussing governance actions. These
gaps make it hard to answer the basic questions associated with governance
models: Who governs? What is governed? How is it governed? and For what is
it governed?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 645-662
Issue: 5
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.946458
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.946458
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:5:p:645-662
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew J. Roorda
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Roorda
Title: Freight Transport Modelling
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 663-664
Issue: 5
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.916762
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.916762
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:5:p:663-664
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: João de Abreu e Silva
Author-X-Name-First: João
Author-X-Name-Last: de Abreu e Silva
Title: International Handbook on Mega-Projects
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 664-666
Issue: 5
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.927019
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.927019
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:5:p:664-666
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moshe Givoni
Author-X-Name-First: Moshe
Author-X-Name-Last: Givoni
Title: Better Public Transit Systems - Analyzing Investments and Performance
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 666-668
Issue: 5
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.945987
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.945987
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:5:p:666-668
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Giacomo Prato
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo Giacomo
Author-X-Name-Last: Prato
Title: The New Science of Cities
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 668-670
Issue: 5
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.931332
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.931332
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:5:p:668-670
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Keeping the Debate Informed on Reforms in Land Passenger Transport: The Influence of the Thredbo Series
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 671-673
Issue: 6
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.987472
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.987472
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:6:p:671-673
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nihan Akyelken
Author-X-Name-First: Nihan
Author-X-Name-Last: Akyelken
Author-Name: Hartmut Keller
Author-X-Name-First: Hartmut
Author-X-Name-Last: Keller
Title: Framing the Nexus of Globalisation, Logistics and Manufacturing in Europe
Abstract:
Under the ongoing influence of globalisation, supply chains have changed
significantly. New logistics and manufacturing systems have emerged,
causing longer transport distances and increasing transport emissions. The
existing research into the sustainability impacts of freight transport has
largely viewed it as being a macro-level economic and political phenomenon
and has ignored the interdependencies amongst micro-level economic actors,
including firms and businesses in the private sector. In this paper, we
presume that the lack of conceptualisation of freight transport in
relation to wider institutional contexts and firm behaviour results in the
lack of a holistic approach to understanding freight governance in the
face of globalisation. We argue for the use of institutional economic
geography lenses to elucidate the distribution networks of emerging
logistics and manufacturing practices and its implications for freight
transport. We illustrate our argument through a broad look at the European
logistics and manufacturing practices and global production.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 674-690
Issue: 6
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.981885
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.981885
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:6:p:674-690
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tor-Olav Nævestad
Author-X-Name-First: Tor-Olav
Author-X-Name-Last: Nævestad
Author-Name: Torkel Bjørnskau
Author-X-Name-First: Torkel
Author-X-Name-Last: Bjørnskau
Author-Name: Inger Beate Hovi
Author-X-Name-First: Inger Beate
Author-X-Name-Last: Hovi
Author-Name: Ross Owen Phillips
Author-X-Name-First: Ross Owen
Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips
Title: Safety outcomes of internationalization of domestic road haulage: a review of the literature
Abstract:
The European Union (EU) promotes gradual lifting of restrictions on
foreign hauliers involved in domestic road transport of goods (cabotage),
and a major deregulation was scheduled in 2014. Due to complaints from
several member states facing competition from new EU-countries with lower
labour costs, this process was postponed until 2015. An important aspect
related to such a deregulatory reform includes potential consequences for
transport safety and accident risk factors. The main aims of the current
paper are therefore to examine the potential transport safety outcomes of
increasing internationalization of domestic road haulage, and to examine
potential accident risk factors of foreign hauliers. This is done by
reviewing the research literature. This paper shows that the heavy goods
vehicle (HGV) accident risk varies with a factor of up to 10 in European
countries, and that the accident risk of foreign HGVs is approximately two
times higher than that of domestic HGVs in the studied European countries.
The paper points to several risk factors and concludes that better data on
accident risk and risk factors must be gathered in order to enable
European authorities to correctly analyse and respond to this important
traffic safety challenge.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 691-709
Issue: 6
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.981883
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.981883
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:6:p:691-709
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yung-Hsiang Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: Yung-Hsiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Author-Name: Yu-Chun Tsai
Author-X-Name-First: Yu-Chun
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsai
Title: Train delay and perceived-wait time: passengers' perspective
Abstract:
Waiting time influences the overall perception of service quality. The
passenger-perceived waiting time can determine their waiting experience.
The concept of waiting time refers to the comparison between the
passengers' inherent tolerance of waiting and the possible improvement
scenarios. This study investigates the passengers' tolerance of waiting
under various scenarios of train delays in order to improve their
perceived waiting time. We propose the adoption of a modern psychometric
method utilizing the Rasch model to measure a subjective latent construct
known as 'wait tolerance'. The Rasch measurement provides mathematical
procedures for transforming scores from an ordinal to an interval scale to
observe which scenarios can reduce certain passengers' perceived waiting
time in the case of a delay. Empirical results show that 'uncontrollable
circumstances', 'friendly staff attitudes', and 'providing appropriate
messages of apology' can improve the passenger-perceived waiting time
during train delays. Likewise, distinct differences are found in the
passengers' tolerance of waiting in terms of various personal
characteristics, such as gender, age, and train riding frequency. The
findings propose the implementation of strategies for improvement by rail
system operators, as well as for regulators to define a reasonable service
level in the case of train delays. The reviews show possible future
innovative research orientations as well.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 710-729
Issue: 6
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.975169
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.975169
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:6:p:710-729
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tiziana D'alfonso
Author-X-Name-First: Tiziana
Author-X-Name-Last: D'alfonso
Author-Name: Alberto Nastasi
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Nastasi
Title: Airport-Airline interaction: some food for thought
Abstract:
We provide an interpretive analysis of vertical relations between airports
and carriers, while assessing the way in which deregulation of the airline
market and the privatization of airports have created incentives for
airport-airline interaction. In particular, if the vertical structure
approach has become the standard approach in air transport research, we
add to the literature by discussing three issues that we believe need
further understanding. The three issues that we think should be the focus
of future research on airport-airline interaction are (i) incomplete
contracts and asymmetric information structure; (ii) upstream horizontal
complementarities; and (iii) airports as two-sided platforms.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 730-748
Issue: 6
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.971470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.971470
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:6:p:730-748
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Siyuan Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Siyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Theo Notteboom
Author-X-Name-First: Theo
Author-X-Name-Last: Notteboom
Title: The Adoption of Liquefied Natural Gas as a Ship Fuel: A Systematic Review of Perspectives and Challenges
Abstract:
The stringent ship emission regulations under IMO's (International
Maritime Organization) MARPOL Annex VI are a main driver to consider
liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a ship fuel. Research into LNG as a marine
fuel saw a strong growth in recent years, but no study has analyzed in a
systematic way the level of convergence among the findings presented in
the wide range of studies. In order to fill this gap, this paper seeks to
perform a systematic review to synthesize the findings of 33 published
studies on the use of LNG as a ship fuel. The aim is not only to obtain a
much broader understanding of the current perspectives and challenges for
applying LNG as a bunker for ship propulsion, but also to identify the
gaps and weak points in the literature which could suggest future
research. Moreover, given the output of the synthesis, the paper presents
an extensive decision-making framework for shipowners when deciding on a
fuel switch for their fleet from conventional oils to LNG in order to
achieve a level of conceptual development beyond that attained in
individual studies. In addition, the study also identifies the important
role of ports in facilitating and encouraging the large-scale adoption of
LNG in the maritime industry.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 749-774
Issue: 6
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.981884
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.981884
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:34:y:2014:i:6:p:749-774
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Riccardo Scarinci
Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Scarinci
Author-Name: Benjamin Heydecker
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Heydecker
Title: Control Concepts for Facilitating Motorway On-ramp Merging Using Intelligent Vehicles
Abstract:
Congestion at motorway junctions is a traffic phenomenon that degrades
operation of infrastructure and can lead to breakdown of traffic flow and
associated reduction in capacity. Advanced communication technologies open
new possibilities to prevent or at least delay this phenomenon, and
innovative active traffic management systems have been developed in the
recent years for better control of motorway traffic. This paper presents a
review of control strategies for facilitating motorway on-ramp merging
using intelligent vehicles. First, the concepts of the control algorithms
are reviewed chronologically divided into three types of intelligent
vehicle: completely automated, equipped with cooperative adaptive cruise
control and equipped with on-board display. Then, a common structure is
identified, and the algorithms are presented based on their
characteristics in order to identify similarities, dissimilarities, trends
and possible future research directions. Finally, using a similar
approach, a review of the methods used to evaluate these control
strategies identifies important aspects that should be considered by
further research on this topic.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 775-797
Issue: 6
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.983210
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Author-Name: Pierluigi Coppola
Author-X-Name-First: Pierluigi
Author-X-Name-Last: Coppola
Title: The Transportation Experience
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 798-799
Issue: 6
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.983211
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Author-Name: Floridea Di Ciommo
Author-X-Name-First: Floridea
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Ciommo
Title: The Transport Debate
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 799-800
Issue: 6
Volume: 34
Year: 2014
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.982745
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Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Title: Towards a code of conduct for clients of research?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-3
Issue: 1
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1005278
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1005278
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Author-Name: Simon Oh
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Oh
Author-Name: Young-Ji Byon
Author-X-Name-First: Young-Ji
Author-X-Name-Last: Byon
Author-Name: Kitae Jang
Author-X-Name-First: Kitae
Author-X-Name-Last: Jang
Author-Name: Hwasoo Yeo
Author-X-Name-First: Hwasoo
Author-X-Name-Last: Yeo
Title: Short-term Travel-time Prediction on Highway: A Review of the Data-driven Approach
Abstract:
Near future travel-time information is one of the most critical factors
that travellers consider before making trip decisions. In efforts to
provide more reliable future travel-time estimations, transportation
engineers have examined various techniques developed in the last three
decades. However, there have not been sufficiently systematic and through
reviews so far. In order to effectively support various transportation
strategies and applications including Intelligent Transportation Systems
(ITS), it is necessary to apply appropriate forecasting methods for
matching circumstances in a timely manner. This paper conducts a
comprehensive review study focusing on literatures, including modern
techniques proposed recently, related to travel time and traffic condition
predictions that are based on 'data-driven' approaches. Based on the
underlying mechanisms and theoretical principles, different approaches are
categorized as parametric (linear regression and time series) and
non-parametric approaches (artificial intelligence and pattern searching).
Then, the approaches are analysed for their strengths, potential
weaknesses, and performances from five main perspectives that are
prediction range, accuracy, efficiency, applicability, and robustness.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 4-32
Issue: 1
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.992496
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Author-Name: Chinh Ho
Author-X-Name-First: Chinh
Author-X-Name-Last: Ho
Author-Name: Corinne Mulley
Author-X-Name-First: Corinne
Author-X-Name-Last: Mulley
Title: Intra-household interactions in transport research: a review
Abstract:
Recognition that individuals do not make their travel decisions in
isolation of the household context has produced a growing interest in
intra-household interactions and group decision-making. The behavioural
realism of travel demand models that explicitly accommodate
intra-household interactions is expected to provide more insight into
travel behaviour and a more credible analysis of travellers' response to
transport policy than models that deal with household interactions in a
'black box'. This paper reviews the literature on group decisions and
intra-household interactions. How intra-household interactions influence
the way in which decisions are made is expounded and empirical findings
are drawn upon to argue for why the study of intra-household interactions
is important. Various analytical techniques and data requirements are
discussed to show how intra-household interactions can be handled. Drawing
on this review, the impact of intra-household interactions on travel
behaviour and implications for transport policy are identified and
directions for further study suggested.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 33-55
Issue: 1
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.993745
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Author-Name: Suchada Vichitvanichphong
Author-X-Name-First: Suchada
Author-X-Name-Last: Vichitvanichphong
Author-Name: Amir Talaei-Khoei
Author-X-Name-First: Amir
Author-X-Name-Last: Talaei-Khoei
Author-Name: Donald Kerr
Author-X-Name-First: Donald
Author-X-Name-Last: Kerr
Author-Name: Amir Hossein Ghapanchi
Author-X-Name-First: Amir Hossein
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghapanchi
Title: What Does Happen to Our Driving When We Get Older?
Abstract:
The objective of this paper is to uncover the main antecedents associated
with driving errors among older drivers in order to establish a framework
for analyzing potential skill improvements using other approaches, for
example, games. The article also aims at classifying age-related declines
in seniors' abilities associated with their driving performance. The
research undertakes an analysis of attempts made through the investigation
of the literature. We have systematically searched papers and extracted
(1) prevalent driving errors among seniors and (2) underlying age-related
declines in seniors' abilities associated with their driving performance.
We have also identified some characteristics of the research in this area
(e.g. the research methods and geographical distribution of the research).
Our expert panel mapped the functional declines in seniors' abilities to
the driving errors to identify the relationship between these findings. A
reliability test resulted in 81% reliability of findings. We have
identified eight groups of driving errors, which could be affected by
physical, visual, and cognitive declines among seniors. According to the
experts' opinions, the underlying relationship of physical, visual, and
cognitive declines among seniors and their driving errors were also
presented. Our findings show that there is a potential for the use of
innovative interventions such as playing video games to create an
inexpensive, motivational, and enjoyable method that may provide a
transfer effect to specific driving skills. This could help improve
seniors' driving performance by improving specific functional abilities
associated with driving.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 56-81
Issue: 1
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.997819
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:1:p:56-81
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Author-Name: Kayvan Aghabayk
Author-X-Name-First: Kayvan
Author-X-Name-Last: Aghabayk
Author-Name: Majid Sarvi
Author-X-Name-First: Majid
Author-X-Name-Last: Sarvi
Author-Name: William Young
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Young
Title: A State-of-the-Art Review of Car-Following Models with Particular Considerations of Heavy Vehicles
Abstract:
Car-following (CF) models are fundamental in the replication of traffic
flow and thus they have received considerable attention. This attention
needs to be reflected upon at particular points in time. CF models are in
a continuous state of improvement due to their significant role in traffic
micro-simulations, intelligent transportation systems and safety
engineering models. This paper presents a review of existing CF models. It
classifies them into classic and artificial intelligence models. It
discusses the capability of the models and potential limitations that need
to be considered in their improvement. This paper also reviews the studies
investigating the impacts of heavy vehicles in traffic stream and on CF
behaviour. The findings of the study provide promising directions for
future research and suggest revisiting the existing models to accommodate
different behaviours of drivers in heterogeneous traffic, in particular,
heavy vehicles in traffic.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 82-105
Issue: 1
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.997323
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Author-Name: Edoardo Marcucci
Author-X-Name-First: Edoardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Marcucci
Title: The Geographies of Air Transport
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 106-110
Issue: 1
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.995148
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:1:p:106-110
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Author-Name: Athena Roumboutsos
Author-X-Name-First: Athena
Author-X-Name-Last: Roumboutsos
Title: Public Private Partnerships in Transport Infrastructure: An International Review
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 111-117
Issue: 2
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1017025
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1017025
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:2:p:111-117
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Author-Name: Koen Verhoest
Author-X-Name-First: Koen
Author-X-Name-Last: Verhoest
Author-Name: Ole Helby Petersen
Author-X-Name-First: Ole Helby
Author-X-Name-Last: Petersen
Author-Name: Walter Scherrer
Author-X-Name-First: Walter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scherrer
Author-Name: Raden Murwantara Soecipto
Author-X-Name-First: Raden Murwantara
Author-X-Name-Last: Soecipto
Title: How Do Governments Support the Development of Public Private Partnerships? Measuring and Comparing PPP Governmental Support in 20 European Countries
Abstract:
Taking an institutional perspective, in this article we develop an index
of the governmental support for public private partnership (PPP) - a 'PPP
Governmental Support Index' (GSI) - which aims to measure the extent to
which national governments provide an institutional framework that is
either conducive or preventive for the introduction and diffusion of PPPs
within transport infrastructure and other sectors. First, based on a
substantive review of the literature, we define the elements of the PPP
GSI, including the policy and political commitment regarding PPPs, the
legal and regulatory framework, and the presence/absence of dedicated
PPP-supporting arrangements. Second, we calculate the PPP GSI for 20
European countries, cluster them and compare similarities and differences
in national governmental support of infrastructure PPPs. Third, we explore
the potential link between national institutional index scores and
infrastructure PPP activity in the 20 countries. Lastly, we discuss the
potential and usefulness of the presented PPP GSI, as well as
methodological limitations, and elaborate on how this index might be
utilised to strengthen future comparative research on PPP in transport and
other sectors.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 118-139
Issue: 2
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.993746
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:2:p:118-139
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Author-Name: Champika Liyanage
Author-X-Name-First: Champika
Author-X-Name-Last: Liyanage
Author-Name: Felix Villalba-Romero
Author-X-Name-First: Felix
Author-X-Name-Last: Villalba-Romero
Title: Measuring Success of PPP Transport Projects: A Cross-Case Analysis of Toll Roads
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to measure 'overall' success of a public private
partnership (PPP) transport projects using four case studies. All four
case studies are PPP toll roads from four different EU countries (UK,
Spain, Portugal and Greece). The case studies have been analysed using a
manual Qualitative Comparative Analysis approach. According to the paper,
three different perspectives have been used to measure the success of a
project, that is, project management perspective, stakeholder perspective
and contract management perspective. The 'overall' success has then been
deduced by bringing these three perspectives together as a holistic
approach. The findings are presented in the form of a matrix and the final
outcome of the paper shows a simple methodological approach that can be
used to measure success of a PPP transport project. Since the study takes
more of a qualitative approach, researcher bias and perceptions have a
major role to play in the final outcome. However, to reduce 'biasness',
quantitative measures have also been used to quantify the Key Performance
Indicators and performance measures in the case studies. It is hoped that
the study makes a valid contribution to the areas of transport PPPs and
performance measurement.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 140-161
Issue: 2
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.994583
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Author-Name: N. Carbonara
Author-X-Name-First: N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Carbonara
Author-Name: N. Costantino
Author-X-Name-First: N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Costantino
Author-Name: L. Gunnigan
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gunnigan
Author-Name: R. Pellegrino
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pellegrino
Title: Risk Management in Motorway PPP Projects: Empirical-based Guidelines
Abstract:
This paper deals with the topic of risk management in
Public Private Partnership (PPP). The analysis of the related literature
reveals that risks must be analyzed and managed on a context-specific
approach, and that there is a lack of a comprehensive study on the
appropriate risk mitigation strategies for each risk embedded in PPP
projects. Focusing on the transport sector, based on the results of a
Delphi survey, the paper provides guidelines for both public and private
parties in defining a list of significant risks in PPP motorway projects,
and identifying for them both the effective allocation and the suitable
mitigation strategies. Results of the Delphi survey have been compared
with the common practices on risk management applied in eight real
motorway PPP projects.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 162-182
Issue: 2
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1012696
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1012696
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:2:p:162-182
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Author-Name: Athena Roumboutsos
Author-X-Name-First: Athena
Author-X-Name-Last: Roumboutsos
Author-Name: Aristeidis Pantelias
Author-X-Name-First: Aristeidis
Author-X-Name-Last: Pantelias
Title: Allocating Revenue Risk in Transport Infrastructure Public Private Partnership Projects: How it Matters
Abstract:
Transport infrastructure public private partnership (PPP) projects are
very diverse and complex in nature not only because of their mode-specific
intricacies but also because of their inherent economic characteristics
that relate to the scope of involvement of the private sector in the
project, the large sunk costs incurred, and ultimately, the competition to
which these projects are exposed. The allocation of revenue risk is of
paramount importance for the successful implementation of such projects
and a sub-optimal allocation may lead to project structuring that is
unnecessarily expensive and vulnerable to failure. At the same time, the
revenue risk depends critically on the remuneration model used (user-based
versus budget-based) and may, in turn, take the form of demand risk,
counterparty risk or combinations of the two. This review explores the
issues related to revenue risk allocation for transport infrastructure PPP
projects. Overarching principles for the allocation of revenue risk that
transcend mode-specificity are identified and compared to case studies
generated in the context of the COST Action TU1001. The results show that
theory and practice are divergent, leading to sub-optimal structuring and
exposing projects to potential failure.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 183-203
Issue: 2
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.988306
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Author-Name: Sérgio Domingues
Author-X-Name-First: Sérgio
Author-X-Name-Last: Domingues
Author-Name: Dejan Zlatkovic
Author-X-Name-First: Dejan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zlatkovic
Title: Renegotiating PPP Contracts: Reinforcing the 'P' in Partnership
Abstract:
The issue of renegotiation is becoming increasingly important as a tool to
address uncertainty of public private partnership (PPP) projects and as a
mechanism to restore its economic and financial equilibrium. This paper
aims to understand how and why renegotiations occur in long-lasting PPP
projects and what are the pros and cons of the renegotiation. We depart
from a literature review on contract incompleteness and on the determinant
factors for the renegotiation of infrastructure concessions. To illustrate
the discussion, the case studies of nine European PPP projects are
analysed by examining the specific exogenous and endogenous determinant
factors that conduce to renegotiating contracts. The implications of
contractual renegotiations are explained and summarized through a
comparison of our case studies with literature. Although renegotiation,
per se, is not a solution for the successful implementation of PPP
projects, our findings reinforce the idea of contractual flexibility as a
tool that allows adapting to uncertainty. Moreover, effective
communication mechanisms allow a better response to unforeseen events,
reinforcing the partners' commitment to deliver a win-win project.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 204-225
Issue: 2
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2014.992495
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2014.992495
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:2:p:204-225
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Author-Name: Maria Do Rosário Maurício Ribeiro Macário
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Do Rosário Maurício Ribeiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Macário
Author-Name: Joana Duarte Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Joana Duarte
Author-X-Name-Last: Costa
Author-Name: Joana André Matias Ribeiro
Author-X-Name-First: Joana André Matias
Author-X-Name-Last: Ribeiro
Title: Cross-sector Analysis of Four Renegotiated Transport PPPs in Portugal
Abstract:
This paper uses the Fertagus renegotiation results as a reference and
explores the features that made it such a widely commended case, aiming to
identify the best practice to be followed in other cases. The two main
questions that this paper aimed to respond were: Was the success of the
renegotiation process in the Fertagus contract due to mode-specific
factors? Are those factors (mode specific or not) transferable to other
modes under public private partnership (PPP) contracts and if so, to what
extent? Regarding the mode specificity and transferability analysis, it
can be noticed that much of the features were not mode specific in theory,
however for the successful transferability to other transport modes, some
changes should be made to the PPP model taking into account modal
specificities and national contexts.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 226-244
Issue: 2
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1012755
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:2:p:226-244
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Author-Name: Frank Witlox
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox
Title: Beyond the Data Smog?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 245-249
Issue: 3
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1036505
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1036505
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:3:p:245-249
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia L. Mokhtarian
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mokhtarian
Author-Name: Ilan Salomon
Author-X-Name-First: Ilan
Author-X-Name-Last: Salomon
Author-Name: Matan E. Singer
Author-X-Name-First: Matan E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Singer
Title: What Moves Us? An Interdisciplinary Exploration of Reasons for Traveling
Abstract:
We review a number of theories of motivation, and typologies of
motivations, in psychological theory and in application to a variety of
specific contexts, including shopping, eating, leisure, tourism, and
travel. A recurring theme is the distinction between
extrinsic (instrumental, utilitarian, functional) and
intrinsic (autotelic, hedonic, experiential) motivations.
We suggest that travel is a behavior to which intrinsic motivations apply,
and that focusing exclusively on the extrinsic motivations to travel runs
the risk of substantially underestimating the demand for travel, and the
resistance to policies attempting to reduce it or to technologies
(notably, information and communication technologies) expected to (partly)
replace it. We offer a number of suggestions for improving standard travel
surveys to help obtain the data needed to explore intrinsic motivations
more fully. As better data become available, travel behavior models can be
refined to partly account for such motivations. We believe that the
resulting insights will be extremely valuable to policy-makers, planners,
and behavioral scholars.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 250-274
Issue: 3
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1013076
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:3:p:250-274
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter Næss
Author-X-Name-First: Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Næss
Title: Built Environment, Causality and Travel
Abstract:
Within research into influences of the built environment on travel
behaviour, the issue of causality has gained increased attention. Several
attempts have been made in order to identify the true effects of built
environment characteristics by controlling for attitudinal and lifestyle
factors and by applying more sophisticated techniques of analysis. Most
research still suffers from insufficient theorizing and empirical
investigation of causal mechanisms. An implicit conception of causality in
terms of correlation between subsequent events appears to be widespread.
This paper argues that such a conception of causality is inadequate and
can lead to model specification error. Instead, a conception of causality
as tendencies engendered by generative mechanisms is
proposed. Based on such an understanding, the paper discusses in what
sense the built environment can be said to exert causal influences on
travel behaviour. In order to integrate knowledge about causal influences
at the level of the individual and at the city level, a combination of
qualitative and quantitative research methods is recommended.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 275-291
Issue: 3
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1017751
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1017751
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:3:p:275-291
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ehab I. Diab
Author-X-Name-First: Ehab I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Diab
Author-Name: Madhav G. Badami
Author-X-Name-First: Madhav G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Badami
Author-Name: Ahmed M. El-Geneidy
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed M.
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Geneidy
Title: Bus Transit Service Reliability and Improvement Strategies: Integrating the Perspectives of Passengers and Transit Agencies in North America
Abstract:
Transit agencies are consistently trying to improve service reliability
and attract new passengers by employing various strategies. Previous
literature reviews have focused on either passengers' or transit agencies'
perspectives on service reliability. However, none of the earlier reviews
have simultaneously addressed these differing perspectives on service
reliability in an integrated manner. In response to this gap in the
literature, this paper first reviews previous work on passengers'
perspectives of transit service reliability and their response to service
adjustments made by different agencies. Second, it analyzes transit
agencies' plans and reports regarding their reliability goals and used
strategies in order to improve service reliability, while looking at the
impacts of these strategies on service. Reviewing these two parts together
provides a needed contribution to the literature from a practical
viewpoint since it allows for the identification of gaps in the public
transit planning and operations field in the area of reliability and
provides transit planners and decision makers with effective and valuable
policy-relevant information.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 292-328
Issue: 3
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1005034
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1005034
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:3:p:292-328
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sheila Farrell
Author-X-Name-First: Sheila
Author-X-Name-Last: Farrell
Author-Name: Thierry Vanelslander
Author-X-Name-First: Thierry
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanelslander
Title: Comparison of Public-Private Partnerships in Airports and Seaports in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Abstract:
The paper examines similarities and differences in public-private
partnership (PPP) structures between airports and seaports in low- and
middle-income countries using data from the World Bank's Private
Participation in Infrastructure (PPIAF) database, and puts forward some
hypotheses about the reasons for the differences. Qualification of the
results is also made with available literature on airport and seaport
PPPs. It uses eight granules -- the eight "Ws" -- as the basis for the
analysis, comparing PPPs in terms of "What", "When", "Where", "Why",
"Whole", "Who", "Whom", and "Which way". Although the similarities between
port and airport PPPs generally outweigh their differences, there are
several areas in which they diverge. These are the characteristics of the
private-sector partner, the PPP models used, the use made of competitive
tendering, and the bundling of facilities. Airport investors tend to
attract a wider array of investor types than seaports, where the focus is
more on specialised operators in build-operate-transfer (BOT) agreements.
These differences have their roots in four main structural variations
between the two industries: the level of integration of infrastructure and
services, economies of scale, public service obligations, and the
differing roles of competition and regulation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 329-351
Issue: 3
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1015066
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1015066
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:3:p:329-351
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eran Ben-Elia
Author-X-Name-First: Eran
Author-X-Name-Last: Ben-Elia
Author-Name: Erel Avineri
Author-X-Name-First: Erel
Author-X-Name-Last: Avineri
Title: Response to Travel Information: A Behavioural Review
Abstract:
Innovation in information and communication technologies (ICTs) is
providing us with a myriad of travel information sources. Knowledge on the
influence of information on human travel behaviour (mainly route and mode
choice) and their implications on network levels of service remains
fragmented. We distinguish between experiential, descriptive, and
prescriptive information sources. We draw on recently developed
theoretical concepts in behavioural and cognitive sciences to examine the
state of the knowledge on information and travel behaviour. Key
theoretical concepts used to explore the relationship between information
and travel behaviour include: reinforced learning; framing; risk and loss
aversion; probability weighting; affect; anchoring and ambiguity aversion;
and regret aversion. We review studies focusing on individual travel
behaviour as well as network studies involving collective behaviours.
While information seems to assist individual travellers in coping with
uncertainty, the impacts relating to collective behaviour on networks
remain unclear. Many open questions remain, yet research provides
important insights and suggests that ICTs will enable the design of
persuasive information systems that motivate cooperative and efficient use
of the transportation network beyond what is possible today.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 352-377
Issue: 3
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1015471
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1015471
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:3:p:352-377
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Beatriz Tovar
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz
Author-X-Name-Last: Tovar
Author-Name: Héctor Rodríguez-Déniz
Author-X-Name-First: Héctor
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Déniz
Title: Classifying Ports for Efficiency Benchmarking: A Review and a Frontier-based Clustering Approach
Abstract:
Port efficiency and port clustering are two aspects that have received
different degrees of attention in the existing literature. While the
actual estimation of port efficiency has been extensively studied, the
existing literature has paid little attention to developing robust
methodologies for port classification. In this paper, we review the
literature on classification methods for port efficiency, and present an
approach that combines stochastic frontier analysis, clustering and
self-organized maps (SOM). Cluster methodologies that build on the
estimated cost function parameters could group ports into performance
metrics' categories. This helps when setting improvement targets for ports
as a function of their specific cluster. The methodology is applied to a
database of Spanish port authorities. The dendrogram features three
clusters and five outlier Spanish Port Authorities. SOM are employed to
track the temporal evolution of Spanish Port Authorities that are of
special interest for some reasons (i.e. outliers). Results show that use
of a combination of cost frontier and cluster methods to define robust
port typology and SOMs, jointly or in isolation, offers useful information
to the decision-makers.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 378-400
Issue: 3
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1016473
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1016473
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:3:p:378-400
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johan Woxenius
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Woxenius
Title: The consequences of the extended gap between curiosity-driven and impact-driven research
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 401-403
Issue: 4
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1052894
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1052894
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:4:p:401-403
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicole Ronald
Author-X-Name-First: Nicole
Author-X-Name-Last: Ronald
Author-Name: Russell Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Russell
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Author-Name: Stephan Winter
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan
Author-X-Name-Last: Winter
Title: Simulating Demand-responsive Transportation: A Review of Agent-based Approaches
Abstract:
In light of the need to make better use of existing transport
infrastructure, demand-responsive transportation (DRT) systems are gaining
traction internationally. However, many systems fail due to poor
implementation, planning, and marketing. Being able to realistically
simulate a system to evaluate its viability before implementation is
important. This review investigates the application of agent-based
simulation for studying DRT. We identify that existing simulations are
strongly focused on the optimisation of trips, usually in favour of the
operator, and rarely consider individual preferences and needs.
Agent-based simulations, however, permit incorporation of the latter, as
well as capture the interactions between operators and customers. Several
areas of future research are identified in order to unify future research
efforts.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 404-421
Issue: 4
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1017749
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1017749
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:4:p:404-421
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agnieszka Stelling-Kończak
Author-X-Name-First: Agnieszka
Author-X-Name-Last: Stelling-Kończak
Author-Name: Marjan Hagenzieker
Author-X-Name-First: Marjan
Author-X-Name-Last: Hagenzieker
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert Van
Author-X-Name-Last: Wee
Title: Traffic Sounds and Cycling Safety: The Use of Electronic Devices by Cyclists and the Quietness of Hybrid and Electric Cars
Abstract:
The growing popularity of electric devices and the increasing number of
hybrid and electric cars have recently raised concerns about the use of
auditory signals by vulnerable road users. This paper consolidates current
knowledge about the two trends in relation to cycling safety. Both a
literature review and a crash data analysis were carried out. Based on a
proposed conceptual model, knowledge gaps are identified that need to be
addressed for a better understanding of the relation between limitations
on auditory information while cycling. Results suggest that the concerns
regarding the use of electronic devices while cycling and the advent of
hybrid and electric vehicles are justified. Listening to music and
conversing on the phone negatively influence cyclists' auditory
perception, self-reported crash risk and cycling performance. With regard
to electric cars, a recurring problem is their quietness at low speeds.
Implications of these findings in terms of cycling safety are discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 422-444
Issue: 4
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1017750
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1017750
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:4:p:422-444
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ankit Gupta
Author-X-Name-First: Ankit
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta
Author-Name: Nitin Pundir
Author-X-Name-First: Nitin
Author-X-Name-Last: Pundir
Title: Pedestrian Flow Characteristics Studies: A Review
Abstract:
Out of total trips made, the share of walking is considerable enough to
warrant giving more emphasis to pedestrian flow studies in order to
incorporate them in integrated design of urban areas. Analyses of
pedestrian flow characteristics constitute one of the foundations of urban
traffic planning and this includes analyzing walking speed, flow, density
and space required by the pedestrians. As pedestrian flow characteristics
are a location-based phenomenon, various researchers have studied these
locally. An extensive review of literature is undertaken for various
existing studies on pedestrian flow characteristics under different
traffic conditions and on different pedestrian facilities in urban areas.
These studies are focused on various parameters of pedestrian movement
that are of fundamental importance in any pedestrian modeling approach.
These parameters are pedestrian speeds and pedestrian speed-flow-density
relationships. These studies aim to cast light on the need to provide
exclusive pedestrian facilities and to correct any deficiency in
facilities provided to the pedestrians. The review highlights the lack of
a global and detailed consideration of pedestrian behavior along entire
trips in urban areas. A set of studies of pedestrian flow characteristics
are discussed thoroughly and general suggestions for further research in
the field are presented at the end.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 445-465
Issue: 4
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1017866
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1017866
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:4:p:445-465
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sonja Haustein
Author-X-Name-First: Sonja
Author-X-Name-Last: Haustein
Author-Name: Anu Siren
Author-X-Name-First: Anu
Author-X-Name-Last: Siren
Title: Older People's Mobility: Segments, Factors, Trends
Abstract:
The expanding older population is increasingly diverse with regard to, for
example, age, income, location, and health. Within transport research,
this diversity has recently been addressed in studies that segment the
older population into homogeneous groups based on combinations of various
demographic, health-related, or transport-related factors. This paper
reviews these studies and compares the segments of older people that
different studies have identified. First, as a result of a systematic
comparison, we identified four generic segments: (1) an active
car-oriented segment; (2) a car-dependent segment, restricted in mobility;
(3) a mobile multi-modal segment; (4) and a segment depending on public
transport and other services. Second, we examined the single factors used
in the reviewed segmentation studies, with focus on whether there is
evidence in the literature for the factors' effect on older people's
travel behaviour. Based on this, we proposed a theoretical model on how
the different determinants work together to form the four mobility
patterns related to the identified segments. Finally, based on current
trends and expectations, we assessed which segments are likely to increase
or decrease in future generations of older people and what should be done
to support the multi-optional and independent mobility of older people.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 466-487
Issue: 4
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1017867
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1017867
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:4:p:466-487
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco J. Bahamonde-Birke
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bahamonde-Birke
Author-Name: Uwe Kunert
Author-X-Name-First: Uwe
Author-X-Name-Last: Kunert
Author-Name: Heike Link
Author-X-Name-First: Heike
Author-X-Name-Last: Link
Title: The Value of a Statistical Life in a Road Safety Context -- A Review of the Current Literature
Abstract:
This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art for assessing the value of a
statistical life (VSL) as a component of the costs of road accidents. It
focuses on the most popular approaches for assessing the VSL, with respect
to its theoretical foundations, current state-of-research and empirical
evidence. Our paper also provides a first (to our knowledge) compendium of
results for the VSL based on Stated Choice (SC) methods. Among the
analysed alternatives, the willingness-to-pay (WTP) appears to be the
leading approach for assessing the VSL and the SC methods represent the
current state-of-the-art for determining the WTP for non-market goods. We
conclude that the SC approach overcomes some of the most important
shortcomings of the alternative approaches and offers a significant
flexibility that can be used to address its own limitations. We also
identify a significant need for research, as a gap between the methods
employed in research (SC methods) and the state-of-the-practice (other
methods) has emerged.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 488-511
Issue: 4
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1025454
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1025454
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:4:p:488-511
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul van de Coevering
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: van de Coevering
Author-Name: Kees Maat
Author-X-Name-First: Kees
Author-X-Name-Last: Maat
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee
Title: Multi-period Research Designs for Identifying Causal Effects of Built Environment Characteristics on Travel Behaviour
Abstract:
To date, most empirical studies have applied cross-sectional designs to
investigate the relationship between the built environment (BE) and travel
behaviour (TB). Since these studies cannot identify causal influence, the
use of designs that provide data on multiple moments in time seems
necessary. This article classifies these designs and describes how they
can be applied to identify causality in this relationship. We recommend
the use of natural experiments to assess the impact of changes in land
use/infrastructure and prospective longitudinal designs to assess the
impact of residential or job moves. In addition, the role of the BE can be
explored by assessing the impact of (1) deliberate TB change experiments
and (2) changes in household circumstances across different spatial
contexts over time. The use of randomised experimental designs is
recommended for the former and prospective longitudinal designs for the
latter. The article concludes with an outlook on future research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 512-532
Issue: 4
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1025455
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1025455
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:4:p:512-532
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clare Linton
Author-X-Name-First: Clare
Author-X-Name-Last: Linton
Author-Name: Susan Grant-Muller
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Grant-Muller
Author-Name: William F. Gale
Author-X-Name-First: William F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gale
Title: Approaches and Techniques for Modelling CO2 Emissions from Road Transport
Abstract:
Transport accounts for around a quarter of CO2 emissions
globally. Transport modelling provides a useful means to explore the
dynamics, scale and magnitude of transport-related emissions. This paper
explores the modelling tools available for analysing the emissions of
CO2 from transport. Covering a range of techniques from
transport microsimulation to global techno-economic models, this review
provides insights into the various advantages and shortcomings of these
tools. The paper also examines the value of having a broad range of
perspectives for analysing emissions from transport. The paper concludes
by suggesting that the broad range of models creates a rich environment
for exploring a spectrum of policy questions around the emissions from
transport, and the potential for combining modelling approaches further
enhances the understanding that can be attained.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 533-553
Issue: 4
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1030004
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1030004
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:4:p:533-553
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Button
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth
Author-X-Name-Last: Button
Title: Publishing Transport Research: Are We Learning Much of Use?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 555-558
Issue: 5
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1070514
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1070514
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:5:p:555-558
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ronan Doorley
Author-X-Name-First: Ronan
Author-X-Name-Last: Doorley
Author-Name: Vikram Pakrashi
Author-X-Name-First: Vikram
Author-X-Name-Last: Pakrashi
Author-Name: Bidisha Ghosh
Author-X-Name-First: Bidisha
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghosh
Title: Quantifying the Health Impacts of Active Travel: Assessment of Methodologies
Abstract:
In the past several years, active travel (walking and cycling) has
increasingly been recognized as an effective means of improving public
health by increasing physical activity and by avoiding the negative
externalities of motorized transport. The impacts of increased active
travel on mortality and morbidity rates have been quantified through a
range of methodologies. In this study, the existing publications in this
field of research have been reviewed to compare and contrast the
methodologies adapted and to identify the key considerations and the best
practices. The publications were classified in terms of the health summary
outcomes and exposure variables considered, the model structures used in
the studies and the impact of these choices on the results. Increased
physical activity was identified as the most important determinant of the
health impacts of active travel but different ways of quantifying these
health impacts can lead to substantial differences in the scale of the
impact. Further research is required into the relationship between
increased physical activity and health effects in order to reach consensus
on the most reliable modelling approach for this important determinant of
benefits. Critical discussions on other exposure variables have also been
provided to ascertain best practices. Additionally, a logical flow of the
modelling processes (and their variations) has also been illustrated which
can be followed for developing future studies into the health impacts of
active travel.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 559-582
Issue: 5
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1037378
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1037378
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:5:p:559-582
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jianqiang Cui
Author-X-Name-First: Jianqiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Cui
Author-Name: Jago Dodson
Author-X-Name-First: Jago
Author-X-Name-Last: Dodson
Author-Name: Peter V. Hall
Author-X-Name-First: Peter V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hall
Title: Planning for Urban Freight Transport: An Overview
Abstract:
Urban freight transport is essential to the functioning of cities, but is
also an activity that affects the urban environment and communities. Yet,
freight is often overlooked in discussions of urban transport, in contrast
to passenger modes. Much freight research emphasises questions of
operations and network management but is less attentive to the links
between freight transport and urban development. New efforts are needed to
improve understanding of the link between urban freight and cities. This
paper presents a broad discussion of the links between urban freight
transport and urban planning through an overview of the literature in the
field. The paper discusses key problems confronting planning and policies
for urban freight transport in relation to its importance, impacts,
interrelationship between stakeholders, institutions, influencing factors
and challenges. The paper proposes a revitalised agenda for planning for
urban freight and identifies key directions for further research,
particularly around the land-use, environmental and institutional
dimensions of urban freight management. By identifying major
underdeveloped areas of urban freight research, the paper offers guidance
as to key issues that will need to be addressed as freight grows as a
proportion of the urban transport task.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 583-598
Issue: 5
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1038666
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1038666
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:5:p:583-598
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Jothi Basu
Author-X-Name-First: R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jothi Basu
Author-Name: Nachiappan Subramanian
Author-X-Name-First: Nachiappan
Author-X-Name-Last: Subramanian
Author-Name: Naoufel Cheikhrouhou
Author-X-Name-First: Naoufel
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheikhrouhou
Title: Review of Full Truckload Transportation Service Procurement
Abstract:
This study was conducted to review the literature on full truckload (FTL)
transportation service procurement and to identify the gaps from the
perspectives of researchers and practitioners. FTL procurement in
particular was reviewed because it is encountered more than others forms
of procurement in freight movement, and it involves numerous challenges. A
framework was developed to provide a systematic review of the literature,
the findings of which are discussed in detail. Some key findings include
the simplistic assumption of demand patterns, limited focus on non-price
variables, a limited number of case studies, less consideration of
sustainability aspects, and a lack of detailed studies on emerging
economies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 599-621
Issue: 5
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1038741
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1038741
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:5:p:599-621
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P.C. Bueno
Author-X-Name-First: P.C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bueno
Author-Name: J.M. Vassallo
Author-X-Name-First: J.M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Vassallo
Author-Name: K. Cheung
Author-X-Name-First: K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheung
Title: Sustainability Assessment of Transport Infrastructure Projects: A Review of Existing Tools and Methods
Abstract:
Attempts to integrate sustainability in the decision-making process for
transport infrastructure projects continue to gain momentum. A number of
tools and methodological frameworks are available -- such as rating
systems, traditional decision-making techniques, checklists, and different
evaluation frameworks and models. While these tools are highly valuable,
some practical issues remain unsolved. There is also a need for more
standardized tools to appraise the sustainability of transport projects.
This paper is a presentation of a review on the current assessment tools
of sustainability applied to transport infrastructure projects. The
preliminary part of the paper is an explanatory and comparative analysis
of the tools and methods in terms of their effectiveness to appraise
sustainability. The analysis is a critical evaluation of the current state
of the art to identify the limitations of existing approaches, point out
new areas of research, and propose a sustainability appraisal agenda for
the future.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 622-649
Issue: 5
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1041435
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1041435
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:5:p:622-649
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruth Bergel-Hayat
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergel-Hayat
Author-Name: Joanna Zukowska
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Zukowska
Title: Road Safety Trends at National Level in Europe: A Review of Time-series Analysis Performed during the Period 2000-12
Abstract:
This paper presents a review of time-series analysis of road safety
trends, aggregated at a national level, which has been performed in the
period 2000-12 and applied to European national data sets covering long
time periods. It provides a guideline and set of best practices in the
area of time-series modelling and identifies the latest methods and
applications of national road safety trend analysis in Europe. The paper
begins with the methodological framework adopted for aggregate time-series
modelling that will be considered, and then discusses a number of relevant
applications to long-period data aggregated at the national level, whether
for countries alone, or for groups of countries. Some analyses, which were
performed at the disaggregated level, are also provided, as they are being
used more and more. Finally, the paper summarizes and discusses the
significant changes in aggregate road safety trend analysis which occurred
during the period and provides recommendations for continuing these
research efforts.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 650-671
Issue: 5
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1030005
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1030005
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:5:p:650-671
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Zegras
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Zegras
Title: Transport, Climate Change and the City
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 672-674
Issue: 5
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1041436
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1041436
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:5:p:672-674
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Editorial
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 675-678
Issue: 6
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1090775
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1090775
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:6:p:675-678
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zachary Patterson
Author-X-Name-First: Zachary
Author-X-Name-Last: Patterson
Author-Name: Steven Farber
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Farber
Title: Potential Path Areas and Activity Spaces in Application: A Review
Abstract:
The potential path area (PPA) and activity
space (AS) concepts play a central role in the substantial amount
of applied research focusing on the quantitative analysis and description
of people's spatial behaviour. Given this large literature, and the
surprising lack of a formal review of the research, the time is ripe for a
systematic review. This paper examines how the key concepts of PPAs and
ASs have evolved, how they have been applied, what issues need to be
resolved, and potential areas for future research. The review begins with
the main theoretical developments influencing the applied use of these
methods, and continues with a categorization of the literature across
three dimensions -- research domain, methods of calculation and
application purpose. We find that the methods have been used not only in
the core originating fields of travel behaviour and transport geography,
but also in health, criminology and demography, and are growing fastest in
health. The methods have been applied to a number of purposes with
applications to accessibility the most common and the fastest growing.
Demonstrated interest in these methods, along with the technologies and
data to facilitate them, suggests a bright future for the use of PPAs and
ASs in the social sciences.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 679-700
Issue: 6
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1042944
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1042944
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:6:p:679-700
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nilesh Anand
Author-X-Name-First: Nilesh
Author-X-Name-Last: Anand
Author-Name: Ron van Duin
Author-X-Name-First: Ron
Author-X-Name-Last: van Duin
Author-Name: Hans Quak
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Quak
Author-Name: Lori Tavasszy
Author-X-Name-First: Lori
Author-X-Name-Last: Tavasszy
Title: Relevance of City Logistics Modelling Efforts: A Review
Abstract:
This paper presents a review of city logistics (also known as urban
freight transportation) modelling efforts reported in the literature for
urban freight analysis. The review is based on an extensive search of the
academic literature. We position the contributions in a framework that
takes into account the diversity and complexity found in the present-day
city logistics practice. The framework covers the fundamental aspects in
the modelling selection process, including: (1) the stakeholders involved
in the model, (2) the defining criteria, that is the descriptor for
modelling purpose, (3) the objective of the model and (4) the solution
approach implemented for achieving the objective. In our discussion and
overview, we take these situational factors as the starting point for
categorizing and evaluating the city logistics modelling literature. The
review analyses the trends of city logistics modelling research in terms
of its relevance to city logistics problems and attempts to identify
missing links in modelling the urban freight domain.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 701-719
Issue: 6
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1052112
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1052112
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:6:p:701-719
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jorg Roosen
Author-X-Name-First: Jorg
Author-X-Name-Last: Roosen
Author-Name: Wim Marneffe
Author-X-Name-First: Wim
Author-X-Name-Last: Marneffe
Author-Name: Lode Vereeck
Author-X-Name-First: Lode
Author-X-Name-Last: Vereeck
Title: A Review of Comparative Vehicle Cost Analysis
Abstract:
A meta-analysis of 44 studies that conduct a private, external and/or
total social cost comparison among conventional and electric vehicles
shows that, independent of the studies' goals, the results are often
misleading. This distortion occurs because of the omission of one or more
relevant cost components and/or the impact of divergent and often
unspecified assumptions, which is demonstrated through three detailed
examples. Although 30 studies compared private costs, one-third only
considered purchase and fuel costs and ignored other costs. Charging
infrastructure and residual value were only considered in four and eight
studies, respectively. Thirty-five authors performed an external cost
evaluation, of which 12 were expressed in monetary terms. The majority of
the non-monetary studies only consider one external polluting factor,
which is generally CO2/GHG, whereas the monetary studies
generally evaluate four or more polluting factors. Furthermore, this
article drafts a methodological checklist that (1) defines the preferred
evaluation methods according to the study goals, (2) includes all private
and external costs in the production, acquisition, usage and disposal
stages as well as the existing policy measures and (3) lists the general
assumptions that should be specified. This checklist enhances consistent
comparability among various social cost studies of different vehicle
types, and it supports policy-makers in drafting evidence-based
transportation policy conclusions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 720-748
Issue: 6
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1052113
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1052113
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:6:p:720-748
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laurent Franckx
Author-X-Name-First: Laurent
Author-X-Name-Last: Franckx
Title: Regulatory Emission Limits for Cars and the Porter Hypothesis: A Survey of the Literature
Abstract:
This paper reviews the available evidence on the relevance of the Porter
hypothesis for automotive emission standards. The literature confirms that
emission standards for cars have had important effects on innovation (the
'weak' form of the Porter hypothesis). However, there is no evidence that
regulations lead to an overall increase in productivity (the 'strong'
version of the Porter hypothesis). In line with the Porter hypothesis,
strict emission standards may bring some 'first mover advantages' to
leading countries. For instance, countries are more likely to have more
stringent domestic vehicular emission standards if they export more
automobiles and automobile components to countries which themselves have
more stringent vehicular standards. There is also (mixed) evidence that
countries which receive more inward foreign direct investment in the
automotive sector are more likely to have more stringent domestic emission
standards.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 749-766
Issue: 6
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1072591
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1072591
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:6:p:749-766
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jason Monios
Author-X-Name-First: Jason
Author-X-Name-Last: Monios
Title: Identifying Governance Relationships Between Intermodal Terminals and Logistics Platforms
Abstract:
Governance theory examines different ways of managing resources and
relationships in order to achieve a desired outcome. This paper applies
governance theory to intermodal terminals and logistics platforms,
extending previous work on ownership to include different operational
models. An inductive methodology is used to derive a typology of
governance relationships from an analysis of the transport and logistics
literature. The classification developed in this paper explores different
kinds of integration that can help support growth of intermodal transport
services. The understanding of transport governance is extended via three
key relationships: first, between the logistics platform and the site
tenants (therefore, encouraging consolidation and efficiencies that can
boost rail services at the site); second, between the terminal operator
and rail service provision (which can aid service planning and train
loading factors); and third, between the inland site (either terminal,
logistics platform or both) and port(s), (thus enabling better planning
and efficiency of port rail shuttles).
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 767-791
Issue: 6
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1053103
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1053103
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:6:p:767-791
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ela Babalik-Sutcliffe
Author-X-Name-First: Ela
Author-X-Name-Last: Babalik-Sutcliffe
Author-Name: Elif Can Cengiz
Author-X-Name-First: Elif Can
Author-X-Name-Last: Cengiz
Title: Bus Rapid Transit System in Istanbul: A Success Story or Flawed Planning Decision?
Abstract:
There is a growing tendency in cities around the world to invest in Bus
Rapid Transit (BRT) systems in an attempt to improve the capacity and
quality of public transport services. The appeal of BRTs is based on their
ability to combine the service level of rail transit systems with the
flexibility of buses at relatively lower investment costs, and this was
the motivation behind the opening of such a system in the Turkish city of
Istanbul in 2007. This system has attracted mixed opinions as to its
performance, as while passenger ridership figures are extremely high,
proving the effectiveness of the system, there is an argument that the
corridor should have been developed with rail technology, and that the BRT
is failing to meet the demand. The paper presents a comprehensive analysis
of this system, assessing its planning and performance through a
comparative analysis of a number of BRTs in the world and Istanbul's metro
and tram systems. The analysis confirms the success of the system in terms
of passenger statistics, but also highlights a number of problems in
certain planning decisions that should be addressed, thus taking the
discussion beyond a simplified comparison of bus and rail technologies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 792-813
Issue: 6
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1059381
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1059381
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:6:p:792-813
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rebecca Shliselberg
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca
Author-X-Name-Last: Shliselberg
Title: Accessibility and Spatial Interaction
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 814-816
Issue: 6
Volume: 35
Year: 2015
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1058302
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1058302
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:35:y:2015:i:6:p:814-816
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elliot Fishman
Author-X-Name-First: Elliot
Author-X-Name-Last: Fishman
Title: Cycling as transport
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-8
Issue: 1
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1114271
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1114271
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:1:p:1-8
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Author-Name: Jennifer Dill
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Dill
Title: Bikeway Networks: A Review of Effects on Cycling
Abstract:
Research linking bikeway infrastructure and cycling levels has increased
significantly over the last 20 years — with the strongest growth
since 2010. The research has evolved from the study of lanes and paths, to
include analyses of the role of intersection treatments, and finally to
studies that attempt to measure the whole bike network. Most studies
suggest a positive relationship between bikeway networks or aspects of the
network and cycling levels. Stated and revealed-preference studies suggest
a hierarchy of cyclist and non-cyclist preferences may exist, favoring
separate paths and/or lanes over cycling on roadways with traffic —
particularly with high volumes of fast-moving motorized traffic. Revealed-
and stated-route-choice studies indicate that intersections have negative
effects on the cycling experience, but that certain features can offset
this. The research correlating link and node characteristics to cycling
implies that networks of such facilities would have positive effects,
though very few empirical studies link complex measures of the network to
cycling levels. In spite of an increase in studies and general agreement
among findings, several important research gaps remain, including
empirical studies using comprehensive network measures and studies of
specific facility designs and new types of facilities (including
intersection treatments). Improved research methods are necessary,
including better sampling, longitudinal studies, greater geographic
diversity, and incorporating more control variables, including policies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 9-27
Issue: 1
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1069908
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1069908
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Aldred
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldred
Author-Name: James Woodcock
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodcock
Author-Name: Anna Goodman
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodman
Title: Does More Cycling Mean More Diversity in Cycling?
Abstract:
In low-cycling countries, cycling is not evenly distributed across genders
and age groups. In the UK, men are twice as likely as women to cycle to
work and cycling tends to be dominated by younger adults. By contrast, in
higher cycling countries and cities, gender differences are low, absent,
or in the opposite direction. Such places also lack the UK's steady
decline in cycling among those aged over 35 years. Over the past fifteen
years some UK local areas have seen increases in cycling. This paper
analyses data from the English and Welsh Census 2001 and 2011 to examine
whether such increases are associated with greater diversity among
cyclists. We find that in areas where cycling has increased, there has
been no increase in the representation of females, and a decrease in the
representation of older adults. We discuss potential causes and policy
implications. Importantly, simply increasing cycling modal share has not
proved sufficient to create an inclusive cycling culture. The UK's
culturally specific factors limiting female take-up of cycling seem to
remain in place, even where cycling has gone up. Creating a mass cycling
culture may require deliberately targeting infrastructure and policies
towards currently under-represented groups.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 28-44
Issue: 1
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1014451
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1014451
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:1:p:28-44
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Götschi
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Götschi
Author-Name: Jan Garrard
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Garrard
Author-Name: Billie Giles-Corti
Author-X-Name-First: Billie
Author-X-Name-Last: Giles-Corti
Title: Cycling as a Part of Daily Life: A Review of Health Perspectives
Abstract:
Health aspects of day-to-day cycling have gained attention from the health
sector aiming to increase levels of physical activity, and from the
transport and planning sector, to justify investments in cycling. We
review and discuss the main pathways between cycling and health under two
perspectives — generalizable epidemiological evidence for health
effects and specific impact modeling to quantify health impacts in
concrete settings. Substantial benefits from physical activity dominate
the public health impacts of cycling. Epidemiological evidence is strong
and impact modeling is well advanced. Injuries amount to a smaller impact
on the population level, but affect crash victims disproportionately and
perceived risks deter potential cyclists. Basic data on crash risks are
available, but evidence on determinants of risks is limited and impact
models are highly dependent on local factors. Risks from air pollution can
be assumed to be small, with limited evidence for cycling-specific
mechanisms. Based on a large body of evidence, planners, health
professionals, and decision-makers can rest assured that benefits from
cycling-related physical activity are worth pursuing. Safety improvements
should be part of the efforts to promote cycling, both to minimize
negative impacts and to lower barriers to cycling for potential riders.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 45-71
Issue: 1
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1057877
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1057877
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:1:p:45-71
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elliot Fishman
Author-X-Name-First: Elliot
Author-X-Name-Last: Fishman
Author-Name: Christopher Cherry
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Cherry
Title: E-bikes in the Mainstream: Reviewing a Decade of Research
Abstract:
Electric bicycles (e-bikes) represent one of the fastest growing segments
of the transport market. Over 31 million e-bikes were sold in 2012.
Research has followed this growth and this paper provides a synthesis of
the most pertinent themes emerging over the past on the burgeoning topic
of e-bikes. The focus is transport rather than
recreational e-bike research, as well as the most
critical research gaps requiring attention. China leads the world in
e-bike sales, followed by the Netherlands and Germany. E-bikes can
maintain speed with less effort. E-bikes are found to increase bicycle
usage. E-bikes have the potential to displace conventional motorised
(internal combustion) modes, but there are open questions about their role
in displacing traditional bicycles. E-bikes have been shown to provide
health benefits and an order of magnitude less carbon dioxide than a car
travelling the same distance. Safety issues have emerged as a policy issue
in several jurisdictions and e-bike numbers are now approaching levels in
which adequate safety data are able to be collected. Research on e-bikes
is still in its infancy. As e-bike usage continues to grow, so too will
the need for further research, in order to provide the necessary data to
inform policy-makers and industry.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 72-91
Issue: 1
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1069907
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1069907
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:1:p:72-91
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elliot Fishman
Author-X-Name-First: Elliot
Author-X-Name-Last: Fishman
Title: Bikeshare: A Review of Recent Literature
Abstract:
The number of cities offering bikeshare has increased rapidly, from just a
handful in the late 1990s to over 800 currently. This paper provides a
review of recent bikeshare literature. Several themes have begun to emerge
from studies examining bikeshare. Convenience is the major motivator for
bikeshare use. Financial savings has been found to motivate those on a low
income and the distance one lives from a docking station is an important
predictor for bikeshare membership. In a range of countries, it has been
found that just under 50% of bikeshare members use the system less than
once a month. Men use bikeshare more than women, but the imbalance is not
as dramatic as private bike riding (at least in low cycling countries).
Commuting is the most common trip purpose for annual members. Users are
less likely than private cyclists to wear helmets, but in countries with
mandatory helmet legislation, usage levels have suffered. Bikeshare users
appear less likely to be injured than private bike riders. Future
directions include integration with e-bikes, GPS (global positioning
system), dockless systems and improved public transport integration.
Greater research is required to quantify the impacts of bikeshare, in
terms of mode choice, emissions, congestion and health.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 92-113
Issue: 1
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1033036
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1033036
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:1:p:92-113
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gustavo Romanillos
Author-X-Name-First: Gustavo
Author-X-Name-Last: Romanillos
Author-Name: Martin Zaltz Austwick
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaltz Austwick
Author-Name: Dick Ettema
Author-X-Name-First: Dick
Author-X-Name-Last: Ettema
Author-Name: Joost De Kruijf
Author-X-Name-First: Joost
Author-X-Name-Last: De Kruijf
Title: Big Data and Cycling
Abstract:
Big Data has begun to create significant impacts in urban and transport
planning. This paper covers the explosion in data-driven research on
cycling, most of which has occurred in the last ten years. We review the
techniques, objectives and findings of a growing number of studies we have
classified into three groups according to the nature of the data they are
based on: GPS data (spatio-temporal data collected using the global
positioning system (GPS)), live point data and journey data. We discuss
the movement from small-scale GPS studies to the ‘Big GPS’
data sets held by fitness and leisure apps or specific cycling
initiatives, the impact of Bike Share Programmes (BSP) on the availability
of timely point data and the potential of historical journey data for
trend analysis and pattern recognition. We conclude by pointing towards
the possible new insights through combining these data sets with each
other -- and with more conventional health, socio-demographic or transport
data.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 114-133
Issue: 1
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1084067
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1084067
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:1:p:114-133
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucas Harms
Author-X-Name-First: Lucas
Author-X-Name-Last: Harms
Author-Name: Luca Bertolini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini
Author-Name: Marco Te Brömmelstroet
Author-X-Name-First: Marco Te
Author-X-Name-Last: Brömmelstroet
Title: Performance of Municipal Cycling Policies in Medium-Sized Cities in the Netherlands since 2000
Abstract:
With its high cycling mode share, the Netherlands is often seen as a best
practice for cycling policies. However, there is little insight into the
drivers behind this phenomenon, specifically which policy interventions
increased cycling rates and which did not. The knowledge gap on the
effectiveness of cycling policies seriously limits the potential for
learning from the Dutch experience. This paper will address this gap, by
exploring the performance of Dutch cycling policies in 22 medium-sized
cities since 2000. First, the existing ideas regarding the effectiveness
of cycling policy are reviewed. These insights structure the exploration
of data from Statistics Netherlands and the Dutch Cyclists' Union,
complemented with a survey of local policy-makers by means of an
explorative data-mining methodology called rough set analysis. Our
findings support the following hypotheses regarding the performance of
cycling policy in Dutch cities: first of all, the way cycling policy is
implemented seems important: setting measurable and verifiable goals,
following through with most of the proposed policy interventions, allowing
for experimental measures to be explored and showing strong leadership.
Second, providing adequate cycling infrastructure and decreasing the
attractiveness of car use (e.g. by increasing parking tariffs and
increasing the area of paid on-street car parking) seem to be key drivers.
Finally, we found that external circumstances, such as demographic trends,
seem to influence cycling policy outcomes. Future research is needed to
test these hypotheses.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 134-162
Issue: 1
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1059380
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1059380
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:1:p:134-162
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phillip Darnton
Author-X-Name-First: Phillip
Author-X-Name-Last: Darnton
Title: Why do cyclists just talk to themselves?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 163-166
Issue: 1
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1114270
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1114270
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:1:p:163-166
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Athena Roumboutsos
Author-X-Name-First: Athena
Author-X-Name-Last: Roumboutsos
Title: Public Private Partnerships in Transport Infrastructure
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 167-169
Issue: 2
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1134044
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1134044
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:2:p:167-169
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Osei -- Kyei
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Osei -- Kyei
Author-Name: Albert P.C. Chan
Author-X-Name-First: Albert P.C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chan
Title: Developing Transport Infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa through Public--Private Partnerships: Policy Practice and Implications
Abstract:
Abstract In contemporary times, Public--Private
Partnership (PPP) in transport infrastructure has gained considerable
attention in developing regions following its success in the developed
countries. However, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is among the developing
regions with few transport PPP projects and among the regions with high
number of failed projects. Meanwhile the region's transport infrastructure
need far exceeds it current provision. This paper therefore aims to
examine the project experiences (success and failure factors) of three
highly profiled transport PPP projects, namely the Lekki toll road
concession project (Nigeria), N4 toll road (South Africa/Mozambique) and
Port of Maputo (Mozambique) in order to develop policy measures for
effective future implementation. The experiences of the three projects
show that transport PPP policy is indeed feasible in SSA. However, to
realise its full applicability, proper policy actions and measures must be
carefully observed and these include effective and efficient stakeholder
management, transparent and competitive tendering process, high
participation of local investors, stable macro-economic conditions and
strong government commitment and regulatory framework. The projects
experiences and policy actions developed are impactful in accelerating
transport infrastructure development through PPP approach in SSA. Hence it
is hoped that policy-makers and practitioners would be informed on the key
strategies to employ in implementing future projects.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 170-186
Issue: 2
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1077288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1077288
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:2:p:170-186
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alejandro Ortega
Author-X-Name-First: Alejandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortega
Author-Name: Maria de los Angeles Baeza
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: de los Angeles Baeza
Author-Name: Jose Manuel Vassallo
Author-X-Name-First: Jose Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Vassallo
Title: Contractual PPPs for Transport Infrastructure in Spain: Lessons from the Economic Recession
Abstract:
In this paper, we analyse the successes and failures of contractual
public-private partnerships (PPPs) for delivering and operating transport
infrastructure in Spain from the award of the first toll highway
concession programme to the present. To that end, we show the risk
allocation principles used in Spain and explore the evolution of the
contracting approaches over the years. We found that the performance was
reasonably good until the arrival of the economic crisis in 2008. Taking
advantage of that, we make a review of contractual PPPs for different
transport modes and assess the impact that the economic crisis has had on
their business performance and the capacity of the central and regional
governments to fulfil their commitments with the private sector. This
analysis enabled us to identify measures that, if had been applied, would
have improved the resilience of these contract during the economic crisis.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 187-206
Issue: 2
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1076904
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1076904
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:2:p:187-206
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Fernandes
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandes
Author-Name: Miguel Ferreira
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira
Author-Name: Filipe Moura
Author-X-Name-First: Filipe
Author-X-Name-Last: Moura
Title: PPPs — True Financial Costs and Hidden Returns
Abstract:
Abstract The cost of using private finance is at
the centre of the public private partnerships (PPPs) debate, but until now
most works considered only the direct financial costs such as the loan
interest rate and the shareholders return on equity and were based on
various secondary sources. This paper focuses on seven shadow toll deals
closed in Portugal between 1999 and 2002 and reports the financial costs
of the PPP model considering also the associated transaction costs and is
based on detailed information included in each concession's financial base
case. The transaction costs include financial costs such as banking fees,
due diligence costs and the impact of all cash distribution traps, such as
reserve accounts or minimum-level of debt ratios. The PPP financial costs
were then compared with the costs arising from raising public debt through
a government or a public agency bond. Our analysis shows that the PPP
‘true' financing costs are, on average, 370 basis points above the
cost of raising public debt and that the ‘transaction costs'
account for around 40% of that financial premium.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 207-227
Issue: 2
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1076905
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1076905
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:2:p:207-227
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zhenhua Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Zhenhua
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Nobuhiko Daito
Author-X-Name-First: Nobuhiko
Author-X-Name-Last: Daito
Author-Name: Jonathan L. Gifford
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gifford
Title: Data Review of Transportation Infrastructure Public--Private Partnership: A Meta-Analysis
Abstract:
Abstract The limited understanding of
public--private partnerships (P3s) for transportation infrastructure
finance has been generally attributed to a lack of data. The more
fundamental question of how P3 data are utilized in the literature is more
relevant and critical, but remains unclear. This study investigates this
question by examining the linkages between research objectives and data
characteristics through a meta-analysis of infrastructure P3 studies using
multinomial regressions. It analyzes 95 empirical studies that adopt
actual data, selected from a P3 research database that includes over 345
studies and are classified into five categories including performance,
contract, risk, value for money, and institutional factors. Results show
that the case studies are less frequently utilized to understand P3s'
institutional issues compared to those that focus on P3s' performance or
VFM. Survey data are more frequently used to study P3 contracts rather
than issues related to P3 project risk. We highlight the need for
policy-makers to require continuing disclosure of P3 performance for
validating the effectiveness of the procurement model and to improve the
practice.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 228-250
Issue: 2
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1076535
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1076535
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:2:p:228-250
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ryan F. Allard
Author-X-Name-First: Ryan F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Allard
Author-Name: Filipe Moura
Author-X-Name-First: Filipe
Author-X-Name-Last: Moura
Title: The Incorporation of Passenger Connectivity and Intermodal Considerations in Intercity Transport Planning
Abstract:
Congested road and air networks, coupled with the idea that transport
systems should be balanced, have spawned the field of intercity intermodal
passenger transport which is based on travel across connected networks
that is as seamless as possible. There is a very large number of
attributes that affect the objective and subjective quality of travel.
Intercity public transport planning therefore requires an excellent
understanding of connections between different services and how the
quality of these connections affects passengers, operators and the society
at large. This article reviews the vast literature over the last 20 years
from Europe, North America and Asia that is related to intercity travel,
the connectivity of transport and cooperation between different modes of
transport and presents a simple yet powerful way to perceive connected
transport systems. The article then reviews planning practice at a variety
of states worldwide, and suggests a set of focus areas of research or gaps
that once filled, the authors expect, will allow further development of
connected intercity passenger travel.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 251-277
Issue: 2
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1059379
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1059379
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:2:p:251-277
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert Van
Author-X-Name-Last: Wee
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: How to Write a Literature Review Paper?
Abstract:
Abstract This paper discusses the question about
how to write a literature review paper (LRP). It stresses the primary
importance of adding value, rather than only providing an overview, and it
then discusses some of the reasons for (or not) actually writing an LRP,
including issues relating to the nature and scope of the paper. It also
presents different types of LRPs, advises on reporting the methodology
used for the selection of papers for review, and the structure of an LRP.
An important conclusion is that the heterogeneity in LRPs is very large.
This paper also presents some of the aspects that the authors feel are
important structural and contextual considerations that help produce
high-quality review papers.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 278-288
Issue: 2
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1065456
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1065456
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:2:p:278-288
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Why is Light Rail Starting to Dominate Bus Rapid Transit Yet Again?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 289-292
Issue: 3
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1155851
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1155851
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:3:p:289-292
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paulo Rui Anciaes
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo Rui
Author-X-Name-Last: Anciaes
Author-Name: Peter Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Author-Name: Jennifer S. Mindell
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mindell
Title: Community Severance: Where Is It Found and at What Cost?
Abstract:
Community severance occurs when transport infrastructure or motorised
traffic divides space and people. Despite the growing awareness of its
effects on the wellbeing of local communities, the problem is not usually
assessed quantitatively or assigned a monetary value. This paper reviews
existing practice and research on quantitative methods dealing with
community severance. The problem is first decomposed into a series of
questions, which are then used as a base to review the methods found in
governmental guidance documents, technical reports, and academic studies.
The paper ends with recommendations for the integration of severance
issues into transport planning.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 293-317
Issue: 3
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1077286
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1077286
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:3:p:293-317
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Walanchalee Wattanacharoensil
Author-X-Name-First: Walanchalee
Author-X-Name-Last: Wattanacharoensil
Author-Name: Markus Schuckert
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Schuckert
Author-Name: Anne Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Title: An Airport Experience Framework from a Tourism Perspective
Abstract:
This study, by integrating the perspectives of sociological,
psychological, and service marketing and management, all of which affect
the passenger experience, proposes a theoretical framework for the
creation of the airport experience in relation to tourism. This research
responds to the current phenomenon in which airports are offering other
types of experiences within the airport terminal, expanding the role of an
airport from being a utility for transportation into a place where various
and different values can be offered. This research explores the current
airport experience and adds to research on airport experience by
clarifying ten key components necessary for airport passenger experience
propositions based on existing research, the current industry phenomena,
and the empirical study. The paper also underlines those components that
can enhance passenger experience in relation to tourism and highlights the
role that airports contribute to a destination.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 318-340
Issue: 3
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1077287
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1077287
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:3:p:318-340
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felix Creutzig
Author-X-Name-First: Felix
Author-X-Name-Last: Creutzig
Title: Evolving Narratives of Low-Carbon Futures in Transportation
Abstract:
Scenarios of low-carbon transport demonstrate that a vast range of
different outcomes is possible and contingent on policy, technology and
cultural developments. But a closer look indicates that different schools
of thought suggest possible pathways diverging in their fine structure.
This perspective reveals how three different scientific communities
— integrated assessment modelers, transport-sector modelers, and
place-based modelers — emphasize distinct solution domains. While
integrated assessment models focus on fuel composition, transport-sector
models put slightly higher emphasis on efficiency measures; in turn
place-based research specifies idiosyncratic behavioral and
infrastructural mitigation options that are likely to be beneficial in
realizing local co-benefits. These specific local approaches could
mitigate urban transport emissions by 20--50%, higher than that revealed
in aggregate global models. We discuss differences in approach,
possibilities for reconciliation, and the implications of normative
assumptions. Targeted three-directional interactions would foster
comprehensive understanding of possible low-carbon transportation futures.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 341-360
Issue: 3
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1079277
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1079277
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:3:p:341-360
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luc Pellecuer
Author-X-Name-First: Luc
Author-X-Name-Last: Pellecuer
Author-Name: Gabriel Assaf
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel
Author-X-Name-Last: Assaf
Author-Name: Michèle St-Jacques
Author-X-Name-First: Michèle
Author-X-Name-Last: St-Jacques
Title: Towards the Incorporation of Environmental Impacts into Pavement Management Systems
Abstract:
Environmental nuisances (such as greenhouse gases and noise) may be
generated during the use phase of the pavement life cycle, with these
known to significantly affect the environment. However, no attempt has yet
been made to gather information concerning the processes involved in the
generation of environmental impacts, and to evaluate them. To address this
issue, this paper reviews the knowledge base and relevant methods relating
to environmental impact assessment and pavement management. It then
presents a conceptual model, integrating impact pathway approach and life
cycle cost analysis principles and providing a comprehensive framework for
quantification and incorporation of environmental impacts into pavement
management. This study shows that pavement management influences
environmental impacts occurring during the use phase of the pavement life
cycle. It establishes causal links between pavement management and
nuisance generation, between nuisances and their impact on receptors, and
finally between these impacts and their costs. This study also suggests
that incorporating environmental impacts into pavement management systems
is feasible and describes how existing and future methodologies and tools
may be integrated to support this incorporation. Finally, this study
underlines that the inaccuracy of current knowledge and data limits the
scope of this conceptual model to network-level decisions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 361-382
Issue: 3
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1079745
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1079745
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:3:p:361-382
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eren Erman Ozguven
Author-X-Name-First: Eren Erman
Author-X-Name-Last: Ozguven
Author-Name: Mark W. Horner
Author-X-Name-First: Mark W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Horner
Author-Name: Ayberk Kocatepe
Author-X-Name-First: Ayberk
Author-X-Name-Last: Kocatepe
Author-Name: Jean Michael Marcelin
Author-X-Name-First: Jean Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Marcelin
Author-Name: Yassir Abdelrazig
Author-X-Name-First: Yassir
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdelrazig
Author-Name: Thobias Sando
Author-X-Name-First: Thobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Sando
Author-Name: Ren Moses
Author-X-Name-First: Ren
Author-X-Name-Last: Moses
Title: Metadata-based Needs Assessment for Emergency Transportation Operations with a Focus on an Aging Population: A Case Study in Florida
Abstract:
In the aftermath of disasters, evacuating aging victims and maintaining an
optimal flow of critical resources in order to serve their needs becomes
problematic, especially for Gulf Coast states in the USA such as Florida,
where more than 6.9 million (36.9%) of the population are over age 50.
Scanning the literature, there is no substantial prior work that has
synthesized the requirements for a multi-modal emergency needs assessment
that could facilitate the safe and accessible evacuation of aging people,
and optimize the flow of resources into the affected region to satisfy the
needs of those who remain. This paper presents a review of the aging
population-focused emergency literature utilizing a knowledge base
development methodology supported with a geographic information
system-based case study application set in Florida. Importance is given to
both ensuring the resiliency of the transportation infrastructure and
meeting the needs of aging populations. As a result of this metadata-based
analysis, critical research needs and challenges are presented with
planning recommendations and future research directions. Results clearly
indicate that transportation agencies should focus on clear and fast
dissemination of disaster-related information to the aging populations.
The use of paratransit services for evacuating aging people, especially
those living independently and/or in rural areas, is also found to be of
paramount importance.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 383-412
Issue: 3
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1082516
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1082516
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:3:p:383-412
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michel Savy
Author-X-Name-First: Michel
Author-X-Name-Last: Savy
Title: Logistics as a political issue
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 413-417
Issue: 4
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1182793
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1182793
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:4:p:413-417
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan C. McKinnon
Author-X-Name-First: Alan C.
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinnon
Title: Freight Transport Deceleration: Its Possible Contribution to the Decarbonisation of Logistics
Abstract:
Abstract The paper challenges the conventional
view that the movement of goods through supply chains must continue to
accelerate. The compression of freight transit times has been one of the
most enduring logistics trends but may not be compatible with governmental
climate change policies to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 60--80% by
2050. Opportunities for cutting CO2 emissions by
‘despeeding' are explored within a freight decarbonisation
framework and split into three categories: direct, indirect and
consequential. Discussion of the direct carbon savings focuses on the
trucking and deep-sea container sectors, where there is clear evidence
that slower operation cuts cost, energy and emissions and can be
accommodated within current supply chain requirements. Indirect emission
reductions could accrue from more localised sourcing and a relaxation of
just-in-time (JIT) replenishment. Acceleration of logistical activities
other than transport could offset increases in freight transit times,
allowing the overall carbon intensity of supply chains to reduce with
minimal loss of performance. Consequential deceleration results from other
decarbonisation initiatives such as freight modal split and a shift to
lower carbon fuels. Having reviewed evidence drawn from a broad range of
sources, the paper concludes that freight deceleration is a promising
decarbonisation option, but raises a number of important issues that will
require new empirical research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 418-436
Issue: 4
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1137992
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1137992
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:4:p:418-436
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olaf Jonkeren
Author-X-Name-First: Olaf
Author-X-Name-Last: Jonkeren
Author-Name: Piet Rietveld
Author-X-Name-First: Piet
Author-X-Name-Last: Rietveld
Title: Protection of Critical Waterborne Transport Infrastructures: An Economic Review
Abstract:
It is essential that transport infrastructures are protected against
events which cause their failure. At an optimal level of protection, the
sum of protection costs and expected residual damages following from
disruptions will be minimized. In most cases however, this optimal level
is not achieved because infrastructure protection is susceptible to
various market and government failures. This brings us to the question who
(a private or public actor) should do how much (the level of protection
and intervention). This question is addressed in the present paper.The
starting point of the paper is the Directive of the European Council on
the identification and designation of European Critical Infrastructures.
We review the protection of critical waterborne transport infrastructures
from an economic perspective. The review is based on a literature study
and several interviews with Critical Infrastructure experts. For the
studied infrastructures, we have identified causes and effects of their
failure and examined the private--public roles in protecting them.
Considering the market and government failures which occur in such
configuration of roles, we propose several changes. We conclude that from
a national policy perspective there are two important routes: (1)
reinforcement of private sector roles among others by defining liabilities
and providing information on risks and (2) strengthening of supra-national
collaboration via improving and standardizing regulations, cost-sharing
initiatives and penalty systems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 437-453
Issue: 4
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1137654
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1137654
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:4:p:437-453
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Longsheng Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Longsheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Author-Name: Mark H. Karwan
Author-X-Name-First: Mark H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Karwan
Author-Name: Changhyun Kwon
Author-X-Name-First: Changhyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Kwon
Title: Incorporating Driver Behaviors in Network Design Problems: Challenges and Opportunities
Abstract:
The goal of a network design problem (NDP) is to make optimal decisions to
achieve a certain objective such as minimizing total travel time or
maximizing tolls collected in the network. A critical component to NDP is
how travelers make their route choices. Researchers in transportation have
adopted human decision theories to describe more accurate route choice
behaviors. In this paper, we review the NDP with various route choice
models: the random utility model (RUM), random regret-minimization (RRM)
model, bounded rationality (BR), cumulative prospect theory (CPT), the
fuzzy logic model (FLM) and dynamic learning models. Moreover, we identify
challenges in applying behavioral route choice models to NDP and
opportunities for future research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 454-478
Issue: 4
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1091047
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1091047
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:4:p:454-478
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cheng Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: Cheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Author-Name: Yuchuan Du
Author-X-Name-First: Yuchuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Du
Author-Name: Lijun Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Lijun
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Author-Name: Yuxiong Ji
Author-X-Name-First: Yuxiong
Author-X-Name-Last: Ji
Title: Review on Theoretical Delay Estimation Model for Signalized Intersections
Abstract:
Traffic delay is an effective index for estimating the performance of a
signalized intersection. In this study, we provide a comprehensive review
of the theoretical delay estimation model over the last ca. 90 years. For
fixed-time signalized intersections, we classified the estimation
development process into three stages. Stage 1 covered 1920s--1970s, when
approaches based on steady-state theory were derived. These methods obtain
accurate predictions with low degrees of saturation, but overestimate the
delay with higher saturation and cannot provide reasonable results for
oversaturated conditions. To accommodate high saturation, time-dependent
models were proposed and improved in Stage 2, 1970s--2000s, using
coordination transformation techniques. Progression factors to account for
the filtering impact from upstream intersections were also introduced
during this period. Due to inaccurate approximation of certain specific
traffic conditions, some modified approaches and supplementary terms were
derived from 2000 onwards (Stage 3), which facilitate the evolution of the
delay estimation method and improved approximation results. Some new
techniques, including artificial intelligence algorithms, were also
introduced into delay estimation in this era. We also describe theoretical
delay measurement methods for actuated control intersections with a
similar time line. From our summary of the evolution of theoretical delay
models, we highlight some deficiencies and future research directions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 479-499
Issue: 4
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1091048
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1091048
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:4:p:479-499
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jens Parbo
Author-X-Name-First: Jens
Author-X-Name-Last: Parbo
Author-Name: Otto Anker Nielsen
Author-X-Name-First: Otto Anker
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen
Author-Name: Carlo Giacomo Prato
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo Giacomo
Author-X-Name-Last: Prato
Title: Passenger Perspectives in Railway Timetabling: A Literature Review
Abstract:
When looking at railway planning, a discrepancy exists between planners
who focus on the train operations and publish fixed railway schedules, and
passengers who look not only at the schedules but also at the entirety of
their trip, from access to waiting to on-board travel and egress. Looking
into this discrepancy is essential, as assessing railway performances by
merely measuring train punctuality would provide an unfair picture of the
level of service experienced by passengers. Firstly, passengers’
delays are often significantly larger than the train delays responsible
for the passengers to be late. Secondly, trains’ punctuality is
often strictly related to too tight schedules that in turn might translate
into knock-on delays for longer dwelling times at stations, trip delays
for increased risk of missing transfer connections, and uncertain
assessment of the level of service experienced, especially with
fluctuating passenger demand. A key aspect is the robustness of railway
timetables. Empirical evidence indicates that passengers give more
importance to travel time certainty than travel time reductions, as
passengers associate an inherent disutility with travel time uncertainty.
This disutility may be broadly interpreted as an anxiety cost for the need
for having contingency plans in case of disruptions, and may be looked at
as the motivator for the need for delay-robust railway timetables.
Interestingly, passenger-oriented optimisation studies considering
robustness in railway planning typically limit their emphasis on
passengers to the consideration of transfer maintenance. Clearly,
passengers’ travel behaviour is far more complex and multi-faceted
and thus several other aspects should be considered, as becoming more and
more evident from passenger surveys. The current literature review starts
by looking at the parameters that railway optimisation/planning studies
are focused on and the key performance indicators that impact railway
planning. The attention then turns to the parameters influencing
passengers’ perceptions and travel experiences. Finally, the review
proposes guidelines on how to reduce the gap between the operators’
railway planning and performance measurement on the one hand and the
passengers’ perception of the railway performance on the other
hand. Thereby, the conclusions create a foundation for a more
passenger-oriented railway timetabling ensuring that passengers are
provided with the best service possible with the resources available.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 500-526
Issue: 4
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1113574
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1113574
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:4:p:500-526
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mariska van Essen
Author-X-Name-First: Mariska
Author-X-Name-Last: van Essen
Author-Name: Tom Thomas
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas
Author-Name: Eric van Berkum
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: van Berkum
Author-Name: Caspar Chorus
Author-X-Name-First: Caspar
Author-X-Name-Last: Chorus
Title: From user equilibrium to system optimum: a literature review on the role of travel information, bounded rationality and non-selfish behaviour at the network and individual levels
Abstract:
Travel information continues to receive significant attention in the field
of travel behaviour research, as it is expected to help reduce congestion
by directing the network state from a user equilibrium towards a more
efficient system optimum. This literature review contributes to the
existing literature in at least two ways. First, it considers both the
individual perspective and the network perspective when assessing the
potential effects of travel information, in contrast to earlier studies.
Secondly, it highlights the role of bounded rationality as well as that of
non-selfish behaviour in route choice and in response to information,
complementing earlier reviews that mostly focused on bounded rationality
only. It is concluded that information strategies should be tailor-made to
an individual's level of rationality as well as level of selfishness in
order to approach system-optimal conditions on the network level.
Moreover, initial ideas and future research directions are provided for
assessing the potential of travel information in order to improve network
efficiency of existing road networks.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 527-548
Issue: 4
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1125399
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1125399
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:4:p:527-548
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laila M. Martinussen
Author-X-Name-First: Laila M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Martinussen
Title: Driving with music: cognitive behavioural implications
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 549-551
Issue: 4
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1059382
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1059382
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:4:p:549-551
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glenn Lyons
Author-X-Name-First: Glenn
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons
Title: Transport analysis in an uncertain world
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 553-557
Issue: 5
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1194613
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1194613
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:5:p:553-557
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Venu M. Garikapati
Author-X-Name-First: Venu M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Garikapati
Author-Name: Ram M. Pendyala
Author-X-Name-First: Ram M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pendyala
Author-Name: Eric A. Morris
Author-X-Name-First: Eric A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Morris
Author-Name: Patricia L. Mokhtarian
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mokhtarian
Author-Name: Noreen McDonald
Author-X-Name-First: Noreen
Author-X-Name-Last: McDonald
Title: Activity patterns, time use, and travel of millennials: a generation in transition?
Abstract:
Millennials, defined in this study as those born between 1979 and 2000,
became the largest population segment in the United States in 2015.
Compared to recent previous generations, they have been found to travel
less, own fewer cars, have lower driver’s licensure rates, and use
alternative modes more. But to what extent will these differences in
behaviour persist as millennials move through various phases of the
lifecycle? To address this question, this paper presents the results of a
longitudinal analysis of the 2003--2013 American Time Use Survey data
series. In early adulthood, younger millennials (born 1988--1994) are
found to spend significantly more time in-home than older millennials
(born 1979--1985), which indicates that there are substantial differences
in activity-time use patterns across generations in early adulthood. Older
millennials are, however, showing activity-time use patterns similar to
their prior generation counterparts as they age, although some differences
-- particularly in time spent as a car driver -- persist. Millennials
appear to exhibit a lag in adopting the activity patterns of predecessor
generations due to delayed lifecycle milestones (e.g. completing their
education, getting jobs, marrying, and having children) and lingering
effects of the economic recession, suggesting that travel demand will
resume growth in the future.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 558-584
Issue: 5
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1197337
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1197337
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:5:p:558-584
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valerio Gatta
Author-X-Name-First: Valerio
Author-X-Name-Last: Gatta
Author-Name: Edoardo Marcucci
Author-X-Name-First: Edoardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Marcucci
Title: Stakeholder-specific data acquisition and urban freight policy evaluation: evidence, implications and new suggestions
Abstract:
Cities, characterised by scarce resources and facing increasing
citizens’ requests for more liveable and attractive environments,
need to define and implement more efficient urban freight transport policy
interventions. It is strategically relevant to perform an ex-ante in-depth
policy evaluation. The paper aims at investigating the relevance, the
needs and the implications of the data acquisition process by combining a
focused review with an original research study. It critically compares
five categories of methodological approaches adopted for policy evaluation
purposes with an explicit focus on the stated preference method given its
behavioural peculiarity and robustness. The review, following a systematic
procedure where scientific quality is complemented by relevance and
coverage, underlines a high variability in the level of sophistication for
data acquisition. While a stakeholder-specific approach seems natural in
all those cases where local authorities want to adopt distinct policy
instruments for each stakeholder, this is also needed when homogeneous
policies impacting the various stakeholders are tested.
Stakeholder-specific data acquisition translates into the creation of
multiple experimental designs, explicitly conceived for each stakeholder
considered. A case study, intended to compare two alternative strategies
for data acquisition, provides a quantitative measure of potential
distortions in policy evaluation due to the adoption of a
stakeholder-generic approach. Results, in terms of willingness to pay
measures, show that a stakeholder-specific approach is needed not only
when modelling but also in the data acquisition process.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 585-609
Issue: 5
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1126385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1126385
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:5:p:585-609
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher D. Higgins
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins
Author-Name: Pavlos S. Kanaroglou
Author-X-Name-First: Pavlos S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanaroglou
Title: Forty years of modelling rapid transit’s land value uplift in North America: moving beyond the tip of the iceberg
Abstract:
Identifying and measuring the land value uplift (LVU) impacts of rapid
transit are important for a number of reasons. However, despite the
general notion that rapid transit does confer positive LVU benefits, our
comprehensive and critical review of more than 130 analyses across 60
studies completed in North America over the past 40 years finds
significant heterogeneity in research outcomes, leaving many significant
questions unanswered. Beyond high-level differences in study inputs, we
argue that a fundamental source of variability is a lack of empirical
specificity from the use of proximity as the dominant way in which LVU
benefits are captured. This use of a proxy leads to the potential for
omitted variables and unobserved relationships, and exposes previous work
to the potential for misvalued results. To overcome this issue, we outline
recommendations for future research, namely a recognition of relative
accessibility and the possibility of LVU impacts from transit-oriented
development. Incorporating measures related to these factors into LVU
models can reveal their implicit prices, resulting in research that is
more theoretically inclusive, empirically comprehensive, comparable, and
able to provide important information to inform policy analysis and
prescription.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 610-634
Issue: 5
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1174748
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1174748
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:5:p:610-634
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abraham T. Narh
Author-X-Name-First: Abraham T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Narh
Author-Name: Neil Thorpe
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Thorpe
Author-Name: Margaret C. Bell
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bell
Author-Name: Graeme A. Hill
Author-X-Name-First: Graeme A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hill
Title: Do new sources of traffic data make the application of Chaos Theory to traffic management a realistic possibility?
Abstract:
Current signal systems for managing road traffic in many urban areas
around the world lack a coordinated approach to detecting the spatial and
temporal evolution of congestion across control regions within city
networks. This severely inhibits these systems’ ability to detect
reliably, on a strategic level, the onset of congestion and implement
effective preventative action. As traffic is a time-dependent and
non-linear system, Chaos Theory is a prime candidate for application to
Urban Traffic Control (UTC) to improve congestion and pollution
management. Previous applications have been restricted to relatively
uncomplicated motorway and inter-urban networks, arguably where the
associated problems of congestion and vehicle emissions are less severe,
due to a general unavailability of high-resolution temporal and spatial
data that preserve the variability in short-term traffic patterns required
for Chaos Theory to work to its full potential. This paper argues that
this restriction can now be overcome due to the emergence of new sources
of high-resolution data and large data storage capabilities. Consequently,
this opens up the real possibility for a new generation of UTC systems
that are better able to detect the dynamic states of traffic and therefore
more effectively prevent the onset of traffic congestion in urban areas
worldwide.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 635-658
Issue: 5
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1140687
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1140687
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:5:p:635-658
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Gössling
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Gössling
Author-Name: Marcel Schröder
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel
Author-X-Name-Last: Schröder
Author-Name: Philipp Späth
Author-X-Name-First: Philipp
Author-X-Name-Last: Späth
Author-Name: Tim Freytag
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Freytag
Title: Urban Space Distribution and Sustainable Transport
Abstract:
In many cities of the world, road space is increasingly contested. Growing
vehicle numbers, traffic calming and the development of new infrastructure
for more sustainable transport modes such as bicycles have all contributed
to pressure on available space and conflicts over the allocation of space.
This paper provides the first assessment of urban transport infrastructure
space distribution, distinguishing motorized individual transport, public
transport, cycling and walking. To calculate area allocation, an
assessment methodology was developed using high-resolution digital
satellite images in combination with a geographical information system to
derive area measurements. This methodology was applied to four distinctly
different city quarters in Freiburg, Germany. Results indicate that space
is unevenly distributed, with motorized individual transport being the
favoured transport mode. Findings also show that if trip number to space
allocation ratios are calculated, one of the most sustainable transport
modes, the bicycle, is the most disadvantaged. This suggests that area
allocation deserves greater attention in the planning and implementation
of more sustainable urban transport designs.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 659-679
Issue: 5
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1147101
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1147101
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:5:p:659-679
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anders Fjendbo Jensen
Author-X-Name-First: Anders Fjendbo
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen
Title: Bounded rational choice behaviour: applications in transport
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 680-681
Issue: 5
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1118166
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1118166
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:5:p:680-681
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Nijland
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijland
Title: Sustainable Urban Transport
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 682-682
Issue: 5
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1124152
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1124152
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:5:p:682-682
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joonho Ko
Author-X-Name-First: Joonho
Author-X-Name-Last: Ko
Author-Name: Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim
Author-X-Name-First: Tae-Hyoung Tommy
Author-X-Name-Last: Gim
Author-Name: Randall Guensler
Author-X-Name-First: Randall
Author-X-Name-Last: Guensler
Title: Locating refuelling stations for alternative fuel vehicles: a review on models and applications
Abstract:
The recent concerns on environmental issues have expedited the technological development of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs), but the deployment of AFVs still remains at the initial stage mainly because of the lack of refuelling facilities. Recognising this, researchers have conducted various studies, proposing a variety of approaches to strategically locating refuelling stations. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the approaches, focusing more on applications than computational issues. The review identifies two main elements of the approaches: location modelling and refuelling demand estimation. Examining how the elements were handled in refuelling location studies, this paper suggests that future refuelling location models should properly reflect the intricate and various perspectives of three major AFV stakeholders: drivers, government agencies and refuelling service providers. This study is expected to help researchers efficiently set up their refuelling location problems and identify critical factors for seeking the solutions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 551-570
Issue: 5
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1273274
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1273274
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:5:p:551-570
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yashar Araghi
Author-X-Name-First: Yashar
Author-X-Name-Last: Araghi
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Author-Name: Maarten Kroesen
Author-X-Name-First: Maarten
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroesen
Title: Historic vehicles: an overview from a transport policy perspective
Abstract:
Historic vehicles (HVs) are the heritage of road transport that have surprisingly received little attention in the academic literature. This study presents an overview of the literature on HVs, focusing on the three topics that dominate the policy debate on transport: environmental, safety and congestion impacts. We observed that polluting emissions of HVs are per kilometre much higher (often a factor 5 or more) than those of moderns vehicles. The annual average mileage per vehicle per year of HVs is much lower than other vehicles. The lower active and passive safety levels of HVs are compensated by the way these vehicles are driven, resulting in the risk factors per kilometre being roughly equal or lower than other vehicles. The contribution of HVs to congestion is negligible. However, the transport policy discourse is divided on the topic of HVs. More comprehensive and effective laws and regulation are needed to protect this aspect of the heritage of road transport whilst concurrently avoiding or limiting the problems caused by them.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 571-589
Issue: 5
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1273275
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1273275
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:5:p:571-589
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Srivatsa Srinivas
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Srivatsa Srinivas
Author-Name: M. S. Gajanand
Author-X-Name-First: M. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gajanand
Title: Vehicle routing problem and driver behaviour: a review and framework for analysis
Abstract:
Vehicle routing problems (VRPs) whose typical objective is to minimise total travel costs over a tour have evolved over the years with objectives ranging from minimising travel times and distances to minimising pollution and fuel consumption. However, driver behaviour continues to be neglected while planning for vehicle routes. Factors such as traffic congestion levels, monotonous drives and fatigue have an impact on the behaviour of drivers, which in turn might affect their speed-choice and route-choice behaviours. The behaviour of drivers and their subsequent decision-making owing to these factors impact the revenue of transport companies and could lead to huge losses in extreme cases. There have been studies on the behaviour of drivers in isolation, without inclusion of the objectives and constraints of the traditional routing problem. This paper presents a review of existing models of VRP, planner behaviour models in the VRP context and driver behaviour models and provides a motivation to integrate these models in a stochastic traffic environment to produce practical, economic and driver-friendly logistics solutions. The paper provides valuable insights on the relevance of behavioural issues in logistics and highlights the modelling implications of incorporating planner and driver behaviour in the framework of routing problems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 590-611
Issue: 5
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1273276
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1273276
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:5:p:590-611
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morten Welde
Author-X-Name-First: Morten
Author-X-Name-Last: Welde
Author-Name: James Odeck
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Odeck
Title: Cost escalations in the front-end of projects – empirical evidence from Norwegian road projects
Abstract:
This paper investigates an issue largely ignored in the transport literature on cost overruns, namely, cost increases in the early project phase, long before the decision to build is made. This is the phase of project planning that is referred to as the front-end phase in the literature. The rationale of the study is that unless cost estimates during the front-end phase are relatively accurate, the wrong projects may be selected for further development. We first argue for why it is important to address cost escalation during the front-end phase of project planning. We then use Norwegian data to demonstrate the magnitude of cost escalations during the front-end phase of projects and in comparison to the implementation phase. We find that even in a sample of projects with relatively small cost overruns as in the case of Norway, there are substantial cost increases before the formal decision to build was made. This raises the issue of whether decisions and priorities taken at the early stages of project development are based on false information and whether this may lead to the wrong project concepts being selected.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 612-630
Issue: 5
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1278285
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1278285
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:5:p:612-630
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christin Hoffmann
Author-X-Name-First: Christin
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoffmann
Author-Name: Charles Abraham
Author-X-Name-First: Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Abraham
Author-Name: Mathew P. White
Author-X-Name-First: Mathew P.
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Author-Name: Susan Ball
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ball
Author-Name: Stephen M. Skippon
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Skippon
Title: What cognitive mechanisms predict travel mode choice? A systematic review with meta-analysis
Abstract:
Reduced private car use can limit greenhouse gas emissions and improve public health. It is unclear, however, how promotion of alternative transport choices can be optimised. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to identify potentially modifiable cognitive mechanisms that have been related to car use and use of alternative transport modes. A qualitative synthesis of measures of potentially modifiable mechanisms based on 43 studies yielded 26 conceptually distinct mechanism categories. Meta-analyses of associations between these mechanisms and car use/non-use generated 205 effects sizes (Pearson’s r) from 35 studies. The strongest correlates of car use were intentions, perceived behavioural control, attitudes and habit. The strongest correlates of alternative transportation choices were intentions, perceived behavioural control and attitudes. Implications for researchers and policy implementation are discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 631-652
Issue: 5
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1285819
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1285819
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:5:p:631-652
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ola Svenson
Author-X-Name-First: Ola
Author-X-Name-Last: Svenson
Author-Name: Gabriella Eriksson
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriella
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson
Title: Mental models of driving and speed: biases, choices and reality
Abstract:
This paper provides a review of research performed by Svenson with colleagues and others work on mental models and their practical implications. Mental models describe how people perceive and think about the world including covariances and relationships between different variables, such as driving speed and time. Research on mental models has detected the time-saving bias [Svenson, O. (1970). A functional measurement approach to intuitive estimation as exemplified by estimated time savings. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 86, 204–210]. It means that drivers relatively overestimate the time that can be saved by increasing speed from an already high speed, for example, 90–130 km/h, and underestimate the time that can be saved by increasing speed from a low speed, for example, 30–45 km/h. In congruence with this finding, mean speed judgments and perceptions of mean speeds are also biased and higher speeds given too much weight and low speeds too little weight in comparison with objective reality. Replacing or adding a new speedometer in the car showing min per km eliminated or weakened the time-saving bias. Information about braking distances at different speeds did not improve overoptimistic judgments of braking capacity, but information about collision speed with an object suddenly appearing on the road did improve judgments of braking capacity. This is relevant to drivers, politicians and traffic regulators.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 653-666
Issue: 5
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1289278
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1289278
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:5:p:653-666
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aleix Pons-Rigat
Author-X-Name-First: Aleix
Author-X-Name-Last: Pons-Rigat
Author-Name: Mateu Turró
Author-X-Name-First: Mateu
Author-X-Name-Last: Turró
Author-Name: Sergi Saurí
Author-X-Name-First: Sergi
Author-X-Name-Last: Saurí
Author-Name: Lluís Ubalde
Author-X-Name-First: Lluís
Author-X-Name-Last: Ubalde
Title: Environmental rail charges in Europe: a review
Abstract:
European legislation implies the use of marginal social cost pricing in rail access charges levied on rail operators. Thus, they may include specific environmental charges to internalise the impacts of rail transport. However, when applying these principles in practice, several difficulties call for second-best settings adapted to the particularities of the rail market. In this context, few European railway administrations are already implementing rail access charges with an environmental dimension. This paper reviews the literature on the issue and assesses the current European experience in noise and air pollution rail charges. For this purpose, an analytical framework is built on the definition of four basic dimensions: charging approach, allocation of abatement efforts, degree of differentiation and intermodal approach. The qualitative examination of the existing systems suggests that the level of environmental surcharges can be generally increased given the low substitutability between rail and road and that the range of abatement possibilities should be enlarged by further differentiating charges. It is also found that the pricing scope should be adapted to achieve particular cost-efficient allocations of abatement efforts among rail operators and upstream agents. Finally, further research requirements for a quantitative assessment are defined.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 667-684
Issue: 5
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1289991
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1289991
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:5:p:667-684
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Verweij
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Verweij
Title: Public private partnerships in transport: trends and theory
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 685-687
Issue: 5
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1289993
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1289993
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:5:p:685-687
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexa Delbosc
Author-X-Name-First: Alexa
Author-X-Name-Last: Delbosc
Title: Why write well?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 545-550
Issue: 5
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1345463
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1345463
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:5:p:545-550
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martine Mostert
Author-X-Name-First: Martine
Author-X-Name-Last: Mostert
Author-Name: Sabine Limbourg
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Limbourg
Title: External Costs as Competitiveness Factors for Freight Transport — A State of the Art
Abstract:
External costs have been a key issue in the last years of transport research. In Europe, this trend is in line with the political willingness to internalize externalities in transport pricing policies. This paper has two purposes. It first identifies the recent work achieved in the field of external costs of road and intermodal freight transport, where each paper is assessed in terms of its perspective (academic or project oriented), its objective (prescription, application, projection), the type of externality (air pollution, climate change, noise, accidents, congestion) and the type of cost (marginal, average, total) that is considered. The literature review reveals a gap in the development of generic mathematical functions for external costs of transport. The second objective of the paper is thus to highlight the usefulness of such functions by identifying the main parameters that influence freight transport competitiveness in terms of external costs, and by determining which of these parameters should be incorporated in further research works.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 692-712
Issue: 6
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1137653
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2015.1137653
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:6:p:692-712
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agustina Calatayud
Author-X-Name-First: Agustina
Author-X-Name-Last: Calatayud
Author-Name: Roberto Palacin
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Palacin
Author-Name: John Mangan
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Mangan
Author-Name: Elizabeth Jackson
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson
Author-Name: Aurora Ruiz-Rua
Author-X-Name-First: Aurora
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruiz-Rua
Title: Understanding connectivity to international markets: a systematic review
Abstract:
Improving freight connectivity is increasingly a topic at the centre of the international trade and transport policy agendas. An examination of available documents and studies in both the policy-making and the academic fields shows that the concept of freight connectivity has often been defined in different ways, and thus has taken a variety of meanings. This poses the question on what connectivity is and what are its determinants in the context of international trade. We are not aware of any studies that have analysed, in a systematic way, the different perspectives and determinants of freight connectivity so as to increase access to international markets. This paper seeks to fill this gap by performing a systematic literature review that spans disciplines such as Transport Engineering, Transport and International Economics, and Supply Chain Management. The outcome of this examination is a multidisciplinary framework that hopefully will help stakeholders to understand freight connectivity to international markets better, as well as guide future research and analysis in policy-making.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 713-736
Issue: 6
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1157836
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1157836
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:6:p:713-736
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Begoña Muñoz
Author-X-Name-First: Begoña
Author-X-Name-Last: Muñoz
Author-Name: Andres Monzon
Author-X-Name-First: Andres
Author-X-Name-Last: Monzon
Author-Name: Ricardo A. Daziano
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Daziano
Title: The Increasing Role of Latent Variables in Modelling Bicycle Mode Choice
Abstract:
The growing interest in promoting non-motorised active transport has led to an increase in the number of studies to identify the key variables associated with bicycle use, and especially those related to the bicycle mode choice problem. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the modelling literature on the choice of the bicycle for utilitarian purposes, and summarises and assesses the evolution of the explanatory variables and methodologies used. We review both the evolution of the incorporation of latent variables in bicycle mode choice models and the critical role they play. The chronological evolution of the studies is divided into three stages —initial, intermediate and late — according to the different ways of introducing attitudinal or perceptual indicators and latent variables into the models. Our review shows that the incorporation of latent variables in bicycle choice models has increased in the last decade, with a progressive use of more sophisticated methodologies until the arrival of complex models that explicitly and properly deal with psychological latent variables. In fact, with the use of hybrid choice models, latent variables have nowadays become the core of bicycle mode choice models. Based on our review, a set of questions is proposed as a uniform measurement scale to identify attitudes towards bicycling. Recommendations for future research are also presented.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 737-771
Issue: 6
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1162874
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1162874
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:6:p:737-771
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dena Kasraian
Author-X-Name-First: Dena
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasraian
Author-Name: Kees Maat
Author-X-Name-First: Kees
Author-X-Name-Last: Maat
Author-Name: Dominic Stead
Author-X-Name-First: Dominic
Author-X-Name-Last: Stead
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee
Title: Long-term impacts of transport infrastructure networks on land-use change: an international review of empirical studies
Abstract:
Improvements in geographical information systems, the wider availability of high-resolution digital data and more sophisticated econometric techniques have all contributed to increasing academic interest and activity in long-term impacts of transport infrastructure networks (TINs) on land use (LU). This paper provides a systematic review of recent empirical evidence from the USA, Europe and East Asia, classified regarding the type of transport infrastructure (road or rail), LU indicator (land cover, population or employment density, development type) and outcome (significance, relationship’s direction) as well as influential exogenous factors. Proximity to the rail network is generally associated with population growth (particularly soon after the development of railway infrastructure), conversion to residential uses and the development of higher residential densities. Meanwhile, proximity to the road network is frequently associated with increases in employment densities as well as the conversion of land to a variety of urban uses including commercial and industrial development. Compared with road infrastructure, the impact of rail infrastructure is often less significant for land cover or population and employment density change. The extent of TINs’ impact on LU over time can be explained by the saturation in TIN-related accessibility and LU development.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 772-792
Issue: 6
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1168887
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1168887
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:6:p:772-792
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: iii-iii
Issue: 6
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1178940
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1178940
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:6:p:iii-iii
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris De Gruyter
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: De Gruyter
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Title: Rail-road crossing impacts: an international synthesis
Abstract:
Rail-road crossings generate a range of transport, economic, social and environmental impacts. While much research has focused on selected impacts such as safety, little consideration has been given to wider impacts. The aim of this research was to therefore develop a holistic understanding of the impacts of rail-road crossings (both at-grade and grade-separated) and to identify key gaps in knowledge in this field. An international synthesis of rail-road crossing impacts was developed through a detailed literature review, which revealed a total of 18 different types of impacts associated with rail-road crossings. The review found that most research to date has focused on quantifying transport and economic impacts, particularly safety and road vehicle delay, with little consideration given to social and environmental impacts. A number of research gaps have been identified which provide a clear agenda for future research. These gaps include the use of empirical evidence to support impact assessments, and the need to better understand the impacts of grade-separating rail-road crossings in terms of safety, travel time variability, land use, traffic flow, rail vehicle delay, disability access, and crime.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 793-815
Issue: 6
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1188429
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1188429
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:6:p:793-815
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julio A Soria-Lara
Author-X-Name-First: Julio A
Author-X-Name-Last: Soria-Lara
Title: Handbook on transport and urban planning in the developed world
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 816-817
Issue: 6
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1218375
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1218375
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:6:p:816-817
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S.C. Wong
Author-X-Name-First: S.C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Title: China’s ascendance in transport research
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 683-691
Issue: 6
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1226693
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1226693
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:6:p:683-691
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: List of Reviewers August 2015–August 2016
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 818-819
Issue: 6
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1227407
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1227407
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:6:p:818-819
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial Board
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 6
Volume: 36
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1228567
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1228567
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:36:y:2016:i:6:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan De Dios Ortúzar
Author-X-Name-First: Juan De Dios
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortúzar
Author-Name: Jimmy Armoogum
Author-X-Name-First: Jimmy
Author-X-Name-Last: Armoogum
Author-Name: Jean‐Loup Madre
Author-X-Name-First: Jean‐Loup
Author-X-Name-Last: Madre
Author-Name: Françoise Potier
Author-X-Name-First: Françoise
Author-X-Name-Last: Potier
Title: Continuous Mobility Surveys: The State of Practice
Abstract: In this paper we challenge the prevailing practice of conducting one‐off cross‐sectional mobility surveys, making a case for change on the basis of usefulness and cost‐effectiveness. We believe that urban areas over say, one million inhabitants, should collect mobility data on a continuous basis as part of their efforts to guarantee sustainable development. This would allow them to gain a proper understanding of the pressing environmental and transport‐related issues of today’s world, as well as of the effects of economic growth and price (especially for fuel) volatility. In our scope we include panel data (i.e. information from a smaller sample of respondents who are interviewed at different points in time, hopefully during several years), as this type of information is unique in its ability to help understanding behavioural changes and the impact of time‐related effects, such as habit and inertia. We revise the state of affairs in different parts of the world, not limiting ourselves to urban data.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 293-312
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.510224
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.510224
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:3:p:293-312
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Beck
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Beck
Title: Experiences with Competitive Tendering of Bus Services in Germany
Abstract: After a long transition period with only a few isolated procedures for competitive tendering, the market for German public transport bus services has seen numerous such tenders in recent years. The results are complex. From the public transport authorities’ point of view, the main effects are a decrease in subsidy payments, with relatively low expenses relating to the tendering process (allocation, contract management). The overall level of competition is high, with five to seven bidders on average, although this has been declining in recent years. Entry barriers have been identified at significant levels for several parameters, especially with respect to the volume tendered and the revenue risk to be borne by the operator out of net‐cost contracts. Demonstrably small‐ and medium‐sized transport operators have been able to increase their market share in the starting phase of introducing tendering, with diminishing success rates in recent years. Due to the increased quality requirements in competitive tendering, the quality of public transport available has improved considerably, and environmental standards have been better implemented and sustained. As far as employees are concerned, a trend towards wages below the wage rate of private operators cannot be observed. However, their level is well below the level of public incumbent operators.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 313-339
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.511299
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.511299
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:3:p:313-339
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter White
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Title: Transport for Suburbia: Beyond the Automobile Age
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 422-423
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.514077
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.514077
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:3:p:422-423
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Millard‐Ball
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Millard‐Ball
Author-Name: Lee Schipper
Author-X-Name-First: Lee
Author-X-Name-Last: Schipper
Title: Are We Reaching Peak Travel? Trends in Passenger Transport in Eight Industrialized Countries
Abstract: Projections of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions for industrialized countries typically show continued growth in vehicle ownership, vehicle use and overall travel demand. This growth represents a continuation of trends from the 1970s through the early 2000s. This paper presents a descriptive analysis of cross‐national passenger transport trends in eight industrialized countries, providing evidence to suggest that these trends may have halted. Through decomposing passenger transport energy use into activity, modal structure and modal energy intensity, we show that increases in total activity (passenger travel) have been the driving force behind increased energy use, offset somewhat by declining energy intensity. We show that total activity growth has halted relative to GDP in recent years in the eight countries examined. If these trends continue, it is possible that an accelerated decline in the energy intensity of car travel; stagnation in total travel per capita; some shifts back to rail and bus modes; and at least somewhat less carbon per unit of energy could leave the absolute levels of emissions in 2020 or 2030 lower than today.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 357-378
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.518291
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.518291
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:3:p:357-378
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Wardman
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Wardman
Author-Name: Gerard Whelan
Author-X-Name-First: Gerard
Author-X-Name-Last: Whelan
Title: Twenty Years of Rail Crowding Valuation Studies: Evidence and Lessons from British Experience
Abstract: This paper reviews evidence from British experience of the valuation of rail crowding obtained over 20 years from 17 studies. It summarizes these studies, places some useful empirical evidence in the public domain and draws lessons from this considerable body of evidence and experience. Crowding valuations, both for standing and seated in crowding conditions, are summarized in terms of time multipliers, which are inherently more transferable than monetary equivalents. A meta‐analysis of 208 valuations is reported, finding the valuations to vary with load factor and journey purpose. The seating multiplier averages 1.19 and the standing multiplier averages 2.32. The latter is in line with widely used multipliers applied to walking and waiting time. The most recent evidence is based around the number of standing passengers per square metre, thereby providing a more accurate measure of the discomfort of standing since, unlike load factor, it allows for the layout of the carriage and ease with which crowding can be accommodated. As far as methodology is concerned, the paper covers issues such as presenting crowding in ‘stated preference’ exercises and the realism of the crowding levels offered, non‐linearities in the relationship between crowding multipliers and the severity and amount of crowding time, and probabilistic versus deterministic representations of crowding. The paper also identifies future areas for research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 379-398
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.519127
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.519127
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:3:p:379-398
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linda Nijland
Author-X-Name-First: Linda
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijland
Author-Name: Theo Arentze
Author-X-Name-First: Theo
Author-X-Name-Last: Arentze
Author-Name: Aloys Borgers
Author-X-Name-First: Aloys
Author-X-Name-Last: Borgers
Author-Name: Harry Timmermans
Author-X-Name-First: Harry
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans
Title: Modelling Complex Activity‐Travel Scheduling Decisions: Procedure for the Simultaneous Estimation of Activity Generation and Duration Functions
Abstract: Activity generation is a key factor in individual's choices of trip frequency and trip purpose. This paper describes the results of an experiment conducted to estimate functions of several temporal factors on individuals' propensity to schedule a given activity on a given day. The theory on which the experimental design is based states that the probability of scheduling an activity is a complex and continuous function of how long ago the activity was lastly performed, the duration constraints for the activity and the amount of available time in the activity schedule of the day considered. Aurora, an existing model of activity scheduling, assumes S‐shaped utility functions for the history as well as the duration functions, whereas most time‐use studies assume monotonically decreasing marginal utilities. The stated‐choice experiment involves a range of flexible activities and a large sample of individuals to measure the utility effects of a set of carefully chosen levels for the factors and tests these specific assumptions. The results suggest that the amount of discretionary time on a day has no significant impact on the scheduling decisions provided that enough time is available for the activity. The effects of other factors are as expected and show diminishing marginal utilities. We find mixed evidence for an initial phase of increasing marginal returns as assumed in an S‐shaped function.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 399-418
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.520827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.520827
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:3:p:399-418
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Title: The Cultures of Alternative Mobilities: Routes Less Travelled
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 419-420
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.520828
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.520828
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:3:p:419-420
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Carey
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Carey
Title: Airport Competition: The European Experience
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 420-422
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.526257
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.526257
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:3:p:420-422
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Anne Annema
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Annema
Author-Name: Mig De Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Mig De
Author-X-Name-Last: Jong
Title: The History of the Transport Future—Evaluating Dutch Transport Scenarios of the Past
Abstract: This paper examines 42 business‐as‐usual (BAU) scenarios for future transport and traffic development in the Netherlands from the period 1970 to 2000. An important aspect of these scenarios is that they indicate the potential future state of the transport system if the policies in place at the time continue unchanged, thus raising issues which may require a policy response. This paper shows that in most of the important BAU transport scenario results of the past in the Netherlands, such as future car use and transport emissions, the policy makers were not misled. The prognoses for traffic congestion are an important exception as they underestimated the congestion problems that would arise. This paper shows that, based on the research it examines, BAU transport forecasting is an inaccurate practice. It is recommended that the BAU scenario designer communicates this high inaccuracy, enabling the policy maker to include the inherent future uncertainty in their decision‐making.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 341-356
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.527440
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.527440
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:3:p:341-356
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zbigniew Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Zbigniew
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Teofil Lijewski, 1930–2010
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 291-292
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.568198
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.568198
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:3:p:291-292
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Allsop
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Allsop
Title: Risk and choice on roads and in their use
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 175-180
Issue: 2
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1488401
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1488401
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:2:p:175-180
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Becky P. Y. Loo
Author-X-Name-First: Becky P. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Loo
Author-Name: Alhassan Siiba
Author-X-Name-First: Alhassan
Author-X-Name-Last: Siiba
Title: Active transport in Africa and beyond: towards a strategic framework
Abstract:
Despite the well-established benefits of active transport (AT) (walking and bicycling), the rate of AT is generally decreasing across the globe. To reverse this trend, AT needs to be promoted by governments worldwide with a strategic framework to guide national AT policy formulation and administration. With a nine-component strategic framework, the present study provides policy directions for the effective formulation and implementation of AT policy strategies in Africa. It takes a pioneering step towards bridging the knowledge gap about AT policy strategy formulation based on developed Western countries. Transport policies of seven African countries have been reviewed (Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa and Uganda). The review suggests that countries with specific AT policies (versus general transport policies covering AT) did better. We believe that it would be better to position the need for identifying new AT funding regimes as a priority for the efficient administration of the respective AT policies to avoid foreseeable financial obstructions in the policy administration. While the countries reviewed are by no means generic of all countries around the world, the strategic framework can be extended to assess similar policies, and our results can provide lessons for future AT policy formulation in other countries.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 181-203
Issue: 2
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1442889
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1442889
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:2:p:181-203
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: André Soares Lopes
Author-X-Name-First: André Soares
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopes
Author-Name: Carlos Felipe Grangeiro Loureiro
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Felipe Grangeiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Loureiro
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Title: LUTI operational models review based on the proposition of an ALUTI conceptual model
Abstract:
This paper focuses on understanding to what extent the components of LUTI models and their mutual interactions are conceptually represented by eight operational LUTI models. This is important for the understanding of LUTI models’ mechanisms, firstly because it may reduce communication barriers between planning communities, secondly because it may help us understand the models’ applicability, and thirdly it may highlight the models’ shortcomings and point for future research. We present a discussion about what subsystems should be considered for LUTI modelling, from which we derived an “a priori” conceptual ALUTI model (incorporating Activities, besides Land Use and Transport). By comparing the rationale behind each model with this conceptual model, we establish the basis for our review, focussing on whether these models incorporate the ALUTI components, its inner workings and the relationships between these components. Results indicate three main limitations of the reviewed models. First, models not always adequately include all the components of the a priori ALUTI model. Second, the ALUTI subsystems’ internal functions are not explicitly modelled in several of the models reviewed, making it difficult to evaluate how planning decisions affect the subsystem. Third, only few models recognise all mutual interactions, especially in respect to the Activity subsystem.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 204-225
Issue: 2
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1442890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1442890
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:2:p:204-225
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Craig Standing
Author-X-Name-First: Craig
Author-X-Name-Last: Standing
Author-Name: Susan Standing
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Standing
Author-Name: Sharon Biermann
Author-X-Name-First: Sharon
Author-X-Name-Last: Biermann
Title: The implications of the sharing economy for transport
Abstract:
The sharing economy has gained a lot of attention in recent years. Despite the substantial growth in shared services, its impact overall on transport is unclear. This paper analyses the literature on sharing in transport and includes government and consultant reports, websites and academic journals. The drivers of ride-sharing, car-sharing, car-pooling and freight-sharing are largely economic and convenience related for participants. Trust, technology platforms and the trend to avoid ownership of assets are facilitating factors in its growth. Over-regulation, inconsistent quality of service and the need for recommendation are potential barriers. The transport journals in particular are relatively slow to research this topic with more focusing on bike-sharing than other modes of vehicle sharing. The paper discusses the impact of sharing on transport suggesting it is likely to be part of a solution to transport problems and congestion perhaps in combination with other developments such as driverless vehicles. It also warns of the dangers of over-regulation and under-regulation. The future will require holistic transport strategies that consider sharing options and will require government departments to work cooperatively.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 226-242
Issue: 2
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1450307
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1450307
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:2:p:226-242
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander T. C. Onstein
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander T. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Onstein
Author-Name: Lóránt A. Tavasszy
Author-X-Name-First: Lóránt A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tavasszy
Author-Name: Dick A. van Damme
Author-X-Name-First: Dick A.
Author-X-Name-Last: van Damme
Title: Factors determining distribution structure decisions in logistics: a literature review and research agenda
Abstract:
Distribution structures, as studied in this paper, involve the spatial layout of the freight transport and storage system used to move goods between production and consumption locations. Decisions on this layout are important to companies as they allow them to balance customer service levels and logistics costs. Until now there has been very little descriptive research into the factors that drive decisions about these structures. Moreover, the literature on the topic is scattered across various research streams. In this paper we review and consolidate this literature, with the aim to arrive at a comprehensive list of factors. Three relevant research streams were identified: Supply Chain Management (SCM), Transportation and Geography. The SCM and Transportation literature mostly focus on distribution structure including distribution centre (DC) location selection from a viewpoint of service level and logistics costs factors. The Geography literature focuses on spatial DC location decisions and resulting patterns mostly explained by location factors such as labour and land availability. Our review indicates that the main factors that drive decision-making are “demand level”, “service level”, “product characteristics”, “logistics costs”, “labour and land”, “accessibility” and “contextual factors”. The main trade-off influencing distribution structure selection is “service level” versus “logistics costs”. Together, the research streams provide a rich picture of the factors that drive distribution structure including DC location selection. We conclude with a framework that shows the relative position of these factors. Future work can focus on completing the framework by detailing out the sub factors and empirically testing the direction and strength of relationships. Cooperation between the three research streams will be useful to further extend and operationalize the framework.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 243-260
Issue: 2
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1459929
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1459929
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:2:p:243-260
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris De Gruyter
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: De Gruyter
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Author-Name: Long T. Truong
Author-X-Name-First: Long T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Truong
Author-Name: Farhana Naznin
Author-X-Name-First: Farhana
Author-X-Name-Last: Naznin
Title: A meta-analysis and synthesis of public transport customer amenity valuation research
Abstract:
This paper synthesises published research concerned with the valuation of public transport customer amenities. It includes normalisation of published values to equivalent terms, a meta-analysis of factors influencing these values, a review of valuation methods and issues faced in applying these methods, and an identification of gaps in knowledge. Some 57 separate research publications in this area were identified. Valuation methods adopted included stated preference, revealed preference, customer ratings, priority evaluator, maximum difference scaling and benefit/value transfer. Of these, stated preference was the most common published approach, however in practice benefit/value transfer is the most common method to apply values in project appraisal. Key issues associated with valuation include substantial variation in values (which are often context dependant) and the adoption of different units for expressing values, thereby limiting their transferability. Some 556 separate customer amenity values were identified relating to 97 separate amenity types. Almost all valuations were below 2 minutes of equivalent in-vehicle travel time value. Meta-analysis identified five types of significant predictors of values (R2 = 0.23): study location (Scandinavia), valuation method (stated preference), mode (train/metro), amenity group (access) and journey stage (boarding/alighting). Future research needs to disaggregate valuations by market segment.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 261-283
Issue: 2
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1461708
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1461708
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:2:p:261-283
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Parkin
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Parkin
Title: Bike boom: the unexpected resurgence of cycling
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 284-285
Issue: 2
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1401681
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1401681
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:2:p:284-285
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeffrey R. Kenworthy
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kenworthy
Title: Costs of Sprawl
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 285-287
Issue: 2
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1404505
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1404505
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:2:p:285-287
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Larissa M. van der Lugt
Author-X-Name-First: Larissa M.
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Lugt
Author-Name: Peter W. de Langen
Author-X-Name-First: Peter W.
Author-X-Name-Last: de Langen
Author-Name: Lorike Hagdorn
Author-X-Name-First: Lorike
Author-X-Name-Last: Hagdorn
Title: Strategic beliefs of port authorities
Abstract:
Over the last decade, insights from the strategic management discipline have increasingly been applied to ports. A review of literature shows that in the analysis of port authority strategy, mainly outside-in approaches are applied. This paper adds to the emerging understanding of the port authority’s strategy by applying a cognitive perspective. Specifically, the strategic cognition of firms’ executives is one of the explanatory variables behind firms’ strategic decisions. Furthermore, cognitions are influenced by the organisational contexts in which port authority executives have worked. As a result, managerial “mental maps’ may vary across industry contexts and over time. This research investigates the strategic cognition of a global set of port authority executives through a survey-based instrument. The results show that, to a large extent, PAs resemble “regular” for-profit companies, but that they possess some specific beliefs that distinguish them from “regular” companies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 412-441
Issue: 4
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1245685
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1245685
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:4:p:412-441
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adrian C. Prelipcean
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Prelipcean
Author-Name: Gyözö Gidófalvi
Author-X-Name-First: Gyözö
Author-X-Name-Last: Gidófalvi
Author-Name: Yusak O. Susilo
Author-X-Name-First: Yusak O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Susilo
Title: Transportation mode detection – an in-depth review of applicability and reliability
Abstract:
The wide adoption of location-enabled devices, together with the acceptance of services that leverage (personal) data as payment, allows scientists to push through some of the previous barriers imposed by data insufficiency, ethics and privacy skepticism. The research problems whose study require hard-to-obtain data (e.g. transportation mode detection, service contextualisation, etc.) have now become more accessible to scientists because of the availability of data collecting outlets. One such problem is the detection of a user's transportation mode. Different fields have approached the problem of transportation mode detection with different aims: Location-Based Services (LBS) is a field that focuses on understanding the transportation mode in real-time, Transportation Science is a field that focuses on measuring the daily travel patterns of individuals or groups of individuals, and Human Geography is a field that focuses on enriching a trajectory by adding domain-specific semantics. While different fields providing solutions to the same problem could be viewed as a positive outcome, it is difficult to compare these solutions because the reported performance indicators depend on the type of approach and its aim (e.g. the real-time availability of LBS requires the performance to be computed on each classified location). The contributions of this paper are three fold. First, the paper reviews the critical aspects desired by each research field when providing solutions to the transportation mode detection problem. Second, it proposes three dimensions that separate three branches of science based on their main interest. Finally, it identifies important gaps in research and future directions, that is, proposing: widely accepted error measures meaningful for all disciplines, methods robust to new data sets and a benchmark data set for performance validation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 442-464
Issue: 4
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1246489
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1246489
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:4:p:442-464
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathy Kornas
Author-X-Name-First: Kathy
Author-X-Name-Last: Kornas
Author-Name: Catherine Bornbaum
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Bornbaum
Author-Name: Christine Bushey
Author-X-Name-First: Christine
Author-X-Name-Last: Bushey
Author-Name: Laura Rosella
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosella
Title: Exploring active transportation investments and associated benefits for municipal budgets: a scoping review
Abstract:
Municipalities play an important role in the planning and development of communities that support active transportation (AT), which refers to human-powered modes of travel, such as walking and cycling. Municipal-level stakeholders involved in land-use and transportation infrastructure planning consider multiple social, environmental and economic considerations to inform decision-making and investments in AT. Evidence around the fiscal benefits of AT investment for local governments has not been systematically identified. This scoping review sought to explore the existing evidence regarding investments in AT and opportunities for savings on municipal expenditures and revenue generation. In total, 7060 records were located and screened; of which 162 full-text articles were reviewed. Ultimately, 23 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The available evidence focuses on potential economic benefits of AT in the areas of tax revenues, property values, consumer spending and employment, all of which are relevant sources of revenue generation in municipal operating budgets. An evidence gap was identified regarding AT infrastructure investments and benefits corresponding to municipal expenditures (e.g. maintenance cost savings). Notably, a large portion of literature was published after 2009, suggesting that municipal-level evidence on the fiscal benefits of AT investments may just be emerging.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 465-487
Issue: 4
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1252446
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1252446
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:4:p:465-487
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Luiu
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Luiu
Author-Name: Miles Tight
Author-X-Name-First: Miles
Author-X-Name-Last: Tight
Author-Name: Michael Burrow
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Burrow
Title: The unmet travel needs of the older population: a review of the literature
Abstract:
Unmet travel needs can be defined as trips and activities that people need or would like to do more, but for a variety of reasons they are prevented from doing so. This paper provides a critical evaluation of the literature focused on unmet travel needs, with the aim of assessing the scope of existing studies on this topic and better understanding the full context of older people’s mobility. This narrative review identifies how travel needs in later life have been assessed, and the barriers that affect the ability of older people to fulfil these needs. Due to the heterogeneity of older people and differences in research approaches, the analysis of the literature is not conclusive in terms of identifying the real impact of the analysed variables and measures on unrealised mobility. Nevertheless, of the studies analysed, on average at least one-third of older people report unmet travel needs. This situation was found to worsen with age, and women were reported to be more affected than men. The pursuit of leisure, and in particular visiting friends and family, was found to be the activity most associated with unmet travel needs.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 488-506
Issue: 4
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1252447
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1252447
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:4:p:488-506
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Tae-Woo Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Paul Tae-Woo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Jasmine Siu Lee Lam
Author-X-Name-First: Jasmine Siu Lee
Author-X-Name-Last: Lam
Title: A review of port devolution and governance models with compound eyes approach
Abstract:
Port devolution and port governance are focal issues in port studies. This paper argues that the previous typology of port devolution and port governance, including port function matrix models, might have to be modified, in particular for Asian port cases, because they have not considered socio, economic, and political systems and historical aspects behind the port devolution continuum. This paper uses the “compound eyes” approach comprising of many similar, closely-packed facets called ommatidia, with a multiple angle view, to revisit and review previous port devolution and governance models. The paper aims to identify the limitations and rectify fallacies in previous port studies by conducting a critical review and taking a couple of Asian container port cases as examples. This paper contributes to the literature of port devolution and governance, illuminating crucial gaps that the previous studies have not addressed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 507-520
Issue: 4
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1254690
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1254690
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:4:p:507-520
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Iván Sánchez-Díaz
Author-X-Name-First: Iván
Author-X-Name-Last: Sánchez-Díaz
Author-Name: Peter Georén
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Georén
Author-Name: Märta Brolinson
Author-X-Name-First: Märta
Author-X-Name-Last: Brolinson
Title: Shifting urban freight deliveries to the off-peak hours: a review of theory and practice
Abstract:
This paper presents a comprehensive review of the literature on off-peak hour deliveries (OPHD). The review identifies different approaches and policy levers used in the past, such as the laissez-faire approach, a road pricing approach, an incentives approach, and a regulatory approach. The paper also identifies different delivery reception schemes discussed in the literature. The authors complement the theory with a synthesis of pilot tests and the analysis of a set of interviews with practitioners (from the public sector and other organisations) in charge of OPHD programmes. The results from this review show the potential benefits that these programmes could bring about, the challenges faced in the early stages – along with potential solutions – and the significant progress that has been made in this domain in the last decade. According to the review, the results from the pilot tests tend to be positive, suggesting the importance of these programmes to reach more efficient and sustainable transportation systems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 521-543
Issue: 4
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1254691
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1254691
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:4:p:521-543
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Handy
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Handy
Title: Roundabouts of a figurative kind
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 407-411
Issue: 4
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1287381
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1287381
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:4:p:407-411
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Isabelle Thomas
Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas
Author-Name: Jonathan Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Author-Name: Geoffrey Caruso
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Caruso
Author-Name: Philippe Gerber
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerber
Title: City delineation in European applications of LUTI models: review and tests
Abstract:
This paper stresses the lack of attention paid to the geographical definitions of cities in LUTI models as one key detrimental aspect to transferring and generalising LUTI results. First, the argumentation develops from a meta-analysis of peer-reviewed publications about LUTI applications in European cities. We show that most authors do not assess findings against potential geographical biases. Second, theoretical simulations are conducted with UrbanSim applied to a synthetic urban area. By varying the geographical limits of the system and population endowments, our simulations confirm that the absence of control on city delineation weakens the results. Finally, the paper suggests methodological guidelines to improve the comparability of LUTI applications and push forward their theoretical agenda.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 6-32
Issue: 1
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1295112
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1295112
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:1:p:6-32
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bart Wiegmans
Author-X-Name-First: Bart
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegmans
Author-Name: Behzad Behdani
Author-X-Name-First: Behzad
Author-X-Name-Last: Behdani
Title: A review and analysis of the investment in, and cost structure of, intermodal rail terminals
Abstract:
The results presented in this article identify the role of costs in the scientific and grey freight terminal handling literature and analyses the handling costs of different terminal sizes. The literature review shows that handling costs only play a marginal role in the scientific research in intermodal rail freight terminals (IRT). This is remarkable given the large role costs occupy in decision-making in freight transport. Furthermore, the used cost levels show a wide range of proposed amounts and terminal sizes or handling technologies are seldom addressed. Finally, many of the scientific papers do not make it clear whether the average transhipment cost or market price is referred to. Next, the analysis of the investment in, and cost structure of, IRTs shows that IRT investments are very capital-intensive leading to relatively high average costs per handling. However, given the cost characteristics of IRTs, the average cost per handling represents the underlying cost structure and are – in this sense – representative. The cost analysis demonstrates that extra-large IRTs actually have the lowest average handling costs, followed by small IRTs.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 33-51
Issue: 1
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1297867
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1297867
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:1:p:33-51
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicolas Rincon-Garcia
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Rincon-Garcia
Author-Name: Ben J. Waterson
Author-X-Name-First: Ben J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Waterson
Author-Name: Tom J. Cherrett
Author-X-Name-First: Tom J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cherrett
Title: Requirements from vehicle routing software: perspectives from literature, developers and the freight industry
Abstract:
Routing and scheduling software is part of the information and technology systems available to support the transport industry, and uses complex algorithms along with geographical representations of the road network to allow better planning of daily collection and delivery schedules. This paper reviews the evolution of routing and scheduling software, the algorithms used along with reported barriers to wider take-up and potential industry-driven improvements that could be made. A survey of transport companies in the U.K. was conducted in order to validate and prioritise the software capabilities that require the most development according to the new challenges that the industry is facing. Responses suggested that companies required improved route optimisation to tackle congestion based on time-dependent data and models, and greater accuracy in the representation of the road network. Not considering congestion leads to the underestimation of travel times and the production of inaccurate schedules. Literature shows that operational research techniques are available to solve problems that represent real-world conditions, but research into the relative merits of using time-dependent models needs to be undertaken. Data might be improved by cooperation between government and private sector.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 117-138
Issue: 1
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1297869
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1297869
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:1:p:117-138
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dea van Lierop
Author-X-Name-First: Dea
Author-X-Name-Last: van Lierop
Author-Name: Madhav G. Badami
Author-X-Name-First: Madhav G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Badami
Author-Name: Ahmed M. El-Geneidy
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed M.
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Geneidy
Title: What influences satisfaction and loyalty in public transport? A review of the literature
Abstract:
Public transport ridership retention is a challenge for many cities. To develop comprehensive strategies aimed at retaining riders, it is necessary to understand the aspects of public transport that influence users to become loyal to the system. This paper analyses relevant literature regarding the causes of satisfaction and loyalty in public transport. We find that the service factors most associated with satisfaction are on-board cleanliness and comfort, courteous and helpful behaviour from operators, safety, as well as punctuality and frequency of service. On the other hand, loyalty is associated with users’ perceptions of value-for-money, on-board safety and cleanliness, interactions with personnel and the image and commitment to public transport that users feels. Furthermore, the results elucidate that the concept of loyalty is best defined based on users’ intentions to continue using the service, their willingness to recommend it to others, their overall satisfaction, but also and most importantly, their image of and involvement with public transport. Public transport users who have a positive image of the agency and consider public transport an integral component of city life are more likely to demonstrate loyalty and act like ambassadors for public transport agencies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 52-72
Issue: 1
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1298683
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1298683
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:1:p:52-72
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nancy Hui
Author-X-Name-First: Nancy
Author-X-Name-Last: Hui
Author-Name: Shoshanna Saxe
Author-X-Name-First: Shoshanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Saxe
Author-Name: Matthew Roorda
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Roorda
Author-Name: Paul Hess
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Hess
Author-Name: Eric J. Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Eric J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Title: Measuring the completeness of complete streets
Abstract:
A tool for measuring the “completeness” of a complete street has applications in developing policy, prioritising areas for infrastructure investment for a network, and solving the right-of-way allocation problem for individual streets. A literature review was conducted on the state-of-art in the assessment complete street designs. Complete streets assessment requires a context-sensitive approach, thus context-sensitive standards of “completeness” must first be established by combining a street classification system with sets of priorities and target performance levels for the different types of streets. Performance standards should address a street’s fulfilment of the movement, environmental, and place functions, and be flexible enough to account for the many ways that these functions of a street can be fulfilled. Most frameworks reviewed are unsuitable for evaluating complete streets because, with few exceptions, they guide street design by specifying the design elements for inclusion on the street. Secondly, the performance of a street can be assessed according to transportation, environmental, and place criteria, and compared to the target performance levels specified by the street’s classification. As there are many different impacts to consider on a street, additional work is required to define the priorities and performance objectives for different types of streets.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 73-95
Issue: 1
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1299815
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1299815
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:1:p:73-95
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesper Bláfoss Ingvardson
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper Bláfoss
Author-X-Name-Last: Ingvardson
Author-Name: Otto Anker Nielsen
Author-X-Name-First: Otto Anker
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen
Title: Effects of new bus and rail rapid transit systems – an international review
Abstract:
Cities worldwide are implementing modern transit systems to improve mobility in the increasingly congested metropolitan areas. Despite much research on the effects of such systems, a comparison of effects across transit modes and countries has not been studied comprehensively. This paper fills this gap in the literature by reviewing and comparing the effects obtained by 86 transit systems around the world, including Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Light Rail Transit (LRT), metro and heavy rail transit systems. The analysis is twofold by analysing (i) the direct operational effects related to travel time, ridership and modal shifts, and (ii) the indirect strategic effects in terms of effects on property values and urban development. The review confirms the existing literature suggesting that BRT can attract many passengers if travel time reductions are significantly high. This leads to attractive areas surrounding the transit line with increasing property values. Such effects are traditionally associated with attractive rail-based public transport systems. However, a statistical comparison of 41 systems did not show significant deviations between effects on property values resulting from BRT, LRT and metro systems, respectively. Hence, this paper indicates that large strategic effects can be obtained by implementing BRT systems at a much lower cost.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 96-116
Issue: 1
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1301594
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1301594
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:1:p:96-116
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Toll roads – a view after 25 years
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-5
Issue: 1
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1330850
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1330850
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:1:p:1-5
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harry Timmermans
Author-X-Name-First: Harry
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans
Author-Name: Theo Arentze
Author-X-Name-First: Theo
Author-X-Name-Last: Arentze
Title: Transport Models and Urban Planning Practice: Experiences with Albatross
Abstract: In this paper, the authors reflect on the often discussed relationship between transportation demand models and daily planning practice. Using Albatross as an example of activity‐based models, the potential role of these models is discussed. It is argued that modelling efforts only make sense to the extent that they complement personal or commonly held beliefs. Qualitative and especially quantitative assessments of secondary and tertiary effects (in addition to primary effects) are important in this context. The development of simple models should not be a goal in its own right—integrated policies and a complex reality require complex models to make them of any value if the model is nothing more than ‘just another story’ without any added credibility or proven value. Compared to traditional models, the activity‐based approach in transport demand modelling combines such increased complexity and interpretability.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 199-207
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.518292
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.518292
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:2:p:199-207
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carey Curtis
Author-X-Name-First: Carey
Author-X-Name-Last: Curtis
Title: Integrating Land Use with Public Transport: The Use of a Discursive Accessibility Tool to Inform Metropolitan Spatial Planning in Perth
Abstract: Traditional transport modelling tools have not been used to enable planners to assess the extent to which future metropolitan growth options achieve sustainable accessibility through land use transport integration (LUTI). Further, both the characteristics and use of traditional tools limit the opportunity for stakeholders to participate in an explorative, open‐ended decision‐making process. The paper reports on how a new accessibility assessment tool, designed to overcome these problems, was employed with planning and transport practitioners to enable informed choices between scenarios for future change to Perth’s metropolitan spatial structure and public transport network. It was found that the tool provided measurements for public transport accessibility where previously there were none. More importantly practitioners’ understanding about LUTI was enhanced, particularly by showing the relationships between transport network accessibility and the accessibility of ‘place’.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 179-197
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.525330
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.525330
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:2:p:179-197
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Waddell
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Waddell
Title: Integrated Land Use and Transportation Planning and Modelling: Addressing Challenges in Research and Practice
Abstract: Academic research in integrated land use and transportation modelling is on the rise, in no small part due to growing interest from public agencies that need to improve their capacity to respond to complex policy questions arising in the context of transportation, land use and environmental planning. But the process of taking models developed in an academic research setting, where theoretical validity and the advancement of methodology receive high priority, and moving them into public agency settings in which priorities such as reliability, ease of use and staff capacity to explain to stakeholders what the models are doing, and why, create predictable gaps in understanding and can undermine a project. In this paper, we develop lessons from the experiences of multiple planning agencies in applying UrbanSim in their operational agency settings and integrating it with their transport model systems. In contexts as varied as Detroit, Honolulu, Houston, Phoenix, Seattle and San Francisco, we find that there are common elements to the tensions of appropriating a model system for their own use. We assess how the evolution in the design of the model system has responded to policy and technical challenges presented by this domain, and propose directions for further development.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 209-229
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.525671
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.525671
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:2:p:209-229
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Wegener
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Wegener
Title: From Macro to Micro—How Much Micro is too Much?
Abstract: This paper discusses the usefulness of the trend towards microsimulation in urban transport and land‐use modelling for the planning practice. It starts with a history of urban transport and land‐use models and observes a trend towards increasing conceptual, spatial and temporal resolution stimulated by improved data availability, higher computer speed and better theories about mobility and location of individual behaviour. While recognizing these advances, the paper calls attention to the problems of disaggregate models in terms of data requirements, computing time and stochastic variation and shows that in the light of new challenges cities are facing environmental problems, such as energy scarcity and climate change, not further refinement but more focus on basic needs and constraints is needed to make the models useful for the planning practice. As a possible solution to the macro–micro debate, it calls for a theory of multi‐level models according to which for each planning task there is an appropriate level of conceptual, spatial and temporal resolution. The paper closes with an example of a multi‐level land use, transport and environment model ranging from the European to the grid cell level.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 161-177
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.532883
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.532883
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:2:p:161-177
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henrik Gudmundsson
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Gudmundsson
Title: Analysing Models as a Knowledge Technology in Transport Planning
Abstract: Models belong to a wider family of knowledge technologies, applied in the transport area. Models sometimes share with other such technologies the fate of not being used as intended, or not at all. The result may be ill‐conceived plans as well as wasted resources. Frequently, the blame for such a mismatch is put on irrational decision‐making, or ‘politics’, while still more energy is put into improving the models. These problems are not new, but seem persistent. It may be appropriate to re‐read the symptoms, and consider new cures for disconnections between models and their uses. This paper applies critical analytic literature on knowledge utilization and policy influence. A simple scheme based in this literature is drawn up to provide a framework for discussing the interface between urban transport planning and model use. A successful example of model use in Stockholm, Sweden is used as a heuristic device to illuminate how such an analytic scheme may allow patterns of insight about the use, influence and role of models in planning to emerge. The main contribution of the paper is to demonstrate that concepts and terminologies from knowledge use literature can provide interpretations of significance for the simulation model area.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 145-159
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.532884
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.532884
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:2:p:145-159
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter Næss
Author-X-Name-First: Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Næss
Title: The Third Limfjord Crossing: A Case of Pessimism Bias and Knowledge Filtering
Abstract: Using the Environmental Impact Assesment (EIA) of the proposed Third Limfjord Crossing in Aalborg, Denmark, as an example, this paper discusses how pessimism bias against the no‐build alternative acted as an instrument to persuade decision‐makers into adopting a proposed road scheme. Assuming that traffic growth would be the same whether or not a new motorway was constructed, the planners in the Limfjord case concluded that intolerable congestion would arise in the absence of increased road capacity. The paper discusses how such bias was created through the assumptions of the Limfjord case traffic model, and gives an outline of the planning and decision‐making process in which the model was used. The latter includes a formal complaint opposing the motorway project and the responses to this complaint. The paper concludes that a process of knowledge filtering has taken place, where state‐of‐the‐art knowledge about induced and generated travel ended up being dismissed in the political and legal decision‐making system.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 231-249
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.534569
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.534569
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:2:p:231-249
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Pfaffenbichler
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Pfaffenbichler
Title: Modelling with Systems Dynamics as a Method to Bridge the Gap between Politics, Planning and Science? Lessons Learnt from the Development of the Land Use and Transport Model MARS
Abstract: Systems Dynamics (SD) was founded by John Forrester and colleagues in the late 1950s at the MIT. SD offers qualitative and quantitative tools to analyse systems. The major qualitative method is Causal Loop Diagrams (CLDs). CLDs facilitate the description, communication and discussion of any kind of system. CLDs allow statements about the principal system behaviour, i.e. whether a state of dynamic equilibrium can be reached or not. CLDs can form the basis for quantitative dynamic modelling. The major quantitative SD principles are stocks and flows. Qualitative and quantitative methods have been used to develop the dynamic land use and transport interaction model MARS (Metropolitan Activity Relocation Simulator). Operational models exist in 14 European, Asian and South American cities. Versions of Washington DC and Ho Chi Minh City are under development. An interface called ‘flight simulator’ which allows to select policies from a predefined set, run the model and calculate the effects of the selected policy accompanies MARS. The flight simulator tool was used in workshops with politicians, planners and researchers in Vietnam and Brazil. The aim of this paper is to discuss the potential of an SD‐based approach to bridge the gap between politics, planning and science.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 267-289
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.534570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.534570
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:2:p:267-289
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Jonsson
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Jonsson
Author-Name: Svante Berglund
Author-X-Name-First: Svante
Author-X-Name-Last: Berglund
Author-Name: Peter Almström
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Almström
Author-Name: Staffan Algers
Author-X-Name-First: Staffan
Author-X-Name-Last: Algers
Title: The Usefulness of Transport Models in Swedish Planning Practice
Abstract: This paper presents some experience from using transport models in Swedish planning practice. First we outline three recent examples of planning settings in which transport models have been put to extensive use. For the Swedish ‘national’ transport plan for the period 2010–2021, which was recently finished, the national transport model SAMPERS was used to compute costs and benefits for many investment projects. The second example concerns the ‘regional’ plan for Stockholm, where a similar but less detailed model, LuTRANS, was used to investigate different transport and land use scenarios. The third example discusses a recent study on the feasibility of introducing congestion charges in Gothenburg, where both a fixed demand approach and SAMPERS were used. Furthermore, the paper tries to help identify what model development can do to help improve the production of decision support through modelling. We argue that effectiveness and efficiency are key. The first is characterized by making sure that the right things are done and that they are done right. Efficiency, which is less often discussed in the literature, is framed in terms of doing things on time and doing them only once. The managing organization around a national model system can play an important role in helping users avoid redundant work. It is also a good idea to resist the temptation to use up all improvements in computing power for additional model features. There are many worthwhile analyses that are never done because of time constraints.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 251-265
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.537100
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.537100
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:2:p:251-265
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco te Brömmelstroet
Author-X-Name-First: Marco te
Author-X-Name-Last: Brömmelstroet
Author-Name: Luca Bertolini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini
Title: The Role of Transport‐Related Models in Urban Planning Practice
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 139-143
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.541295
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.541295
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:2:p:139-143
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos J. L. Balsas
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos J. L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Balsas
Title: The Routledge International handbook of walking
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 407-408
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1422196
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1422196
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:407-408
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaoxia Dong
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoxia
Author-X-Name-Last: Dong
Title: Faster, smarter, greener: the future of the car and urban mobility
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 409-410
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1431321
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1431321
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:409-410
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rebecca Sanders
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanders
Title: Streetfight: handbook for an urban revolution
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 410-412
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1441922
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1441922
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:410-412
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Bruun
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruun
Title: Driverless cars: on a road to nowhere
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 412-414
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1445669
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1445669
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:412-414
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas J. Klein
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Klein
Title: The cycling city: bicycles and urban America in the 1890s
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 415-416
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1448485
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1448485
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:415-416
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert J. Schneider
Author-X-Name-First: Robert J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Schneider
Title: Walking: connecting sustainable transport with health
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 416-418
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1461145
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1461145
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:416-418
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Beyond mobility: planning cities for people and places
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 418-419
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1462272
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1462272
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:418-419
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Button
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth
Author-X-Name-Last: Button
Title: The value and challenges of using meta-analysis in transportation economics
Abstract:
The difficulties economists have in conducting laboratory experiments necessitates much of their applied analysis being based on numerous quasi-experiments conducted under a variety of uncontrolled conditions. The result is the need to synthesis these results if any generally useful parameters are to be found for such things as value transfers or policy assessments in transportation. The paper reviews some of the issues involved in using meta-analysis to conduct statistical analysis of such previous quantitative work in transportation economics, examines the success that more recent meta studies have had in overcoming earlier criticisms of the methodology, and sets this in the contexts of on-going developments in meta-analysis more generally. The paper suggests ways that meta-analytics can address some remaining issues.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 293-308
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1464078
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1464078
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:293-308
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matan E. Singer
Author-X-Name-First: Matan E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Singer
Title: Restructuring public transport through bus rapid transit: An international and interdisciplinary perspective
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 420-421
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1467981
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1467981
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:420-421
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alireza Mohammadi
Author-X-Name-First: Alireza
Author-X-Name-Last: Mohammadi
Author-Name: Luis Amador-Jimenez
Author-X-Name-First: Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Amador-Jimenez
Author-Name: Fuzhan Nasiri
Author-X-Name-First: Fuzhan
Author-X-Name-Last: Nasiri
Title: Review of asset management for metro systems: challenges and opportunities
Abstract:
Metro systems play a crucial role in the movement of millions of passengers worldwide as commuters rely on a fast, reliable, and convenient underground railway for their daily transportation. However, in many cases, the quality of the service that can be delivered, including performance, attractiveness, and customer satisfaction, are constrained by poorly maintained infrastructure. Meanwhile, effective planning to maintain, rehabilitate, replace and expand existing systems must respect technical, social, political, financial, and management constraints. There is a lack of a comprehensive framework for managing metro assets. This is mainly due to the multiplicity of components; the complexity of their interdependencies; common lack of historical data and performance indicators; and unavailability of a unified framework that integrates forecasts of future demand with decision-making systems. The main objective of this research is to review available studies and models for underground rail systems, identify the main strategic-operational planning gaps, and propose critical tasks for a comprehensive asset management framework. The platform developed in this research is suitable for further studies in urban railways such as Rail Rapid Transit (underground and surface), Light Rail Transit, and suburban trains as well as other modes of transport (e.g. traditional buses, Bus-Rapid-Transit).
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 309-326
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1470119
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1470119
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:309-326
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Candace Brakewood
Author-X-Name-First: Candace
Author-X-Name-Last: Brakewood
Author-Name: Kari Watkins
Author-X-Name-First: Kari
Author-X-Name-Last: Watkins
Title: A literature review of the passenger benefits of real-time transit information
Abstract:
Recently, it has become common practice for transit operators to provide real-time information (RTI) to passengers about the location or predicted arrival times of transit vehicles. Accompanying this is a growing body of literature that aims to assess the impacts of RTI on transit passenger behaviour and perceptions. The main objective of this research is to compile a literature review of studies that assess the passenger benefits of RTI provision. The results suggest that the primary behavioural changes associated with providing RTI to passengers pertain to decreased wait times, reductions in overall travel time due to changes in path choice, and increased use of transit. RTI may also be associated with increased satisfaction with transit service and increases in the perception of personal security when riding transit. A second objective of this review was to identify areas for future research based on remaining gaps in the literature; two keys areas that were identified are assessing actual behavioural changes of path choice of transit riders and conducting cost–benefit analyses post implementation of RTI systems. The results of this study have immediate implications for public transit operators considering implementation or expansion of RTI systems and researchers seeking topics for future investigation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 327-356
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1472147
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1472147
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:327-356
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Börjesson
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Börjesson
Author-Name: Jonas Eliasson
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: Eliasson
Title: Should values of time be differentiated?
Abstract:
We explore the issue of differentiating the valuation of travel time savings (VTTS) in transport cost-benefit analysis, summarising and discussing theories forming the basis for arguments for and against VTTS differentiation. We stress some important implications, insights and consequences of different assumptions relating to these theories, many of which we feel have been underappreciated in much of the CBA literature and practice. We derive a welfare rule including a social cost for monetary redistributions and show the implications for how the VTTS can be defined in different choice situations. Crucially, the applicable VTTS definition depends on whether travel costs (fares) are under public control and to whom benefits accrue in the long run. In some choice situations, the VTTS should be controlled for differences in income, but it is important to always take into account differences in marginal utilities of time (e.g. across travel time components, modes and trip purposes). Using Swedish data, we show that controlling the VTTS for income differences changes the VTTS only slightly; the variation in VTTS across modes, trip lengths, trip purposes apparently stems primarily from differences in marginal utilities of time rather than income.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 357-375
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1480543
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1480543
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:357-375
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexa Delbosc
Author-X-Name-First: Alexa
Author-X-Name-Last: Delbosc
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Title: Why do people fare evade? A global shift in fare evasion research
Abstract:
Fare evasion is a significant concern for most transit authorities. The traditional approach to fare compliance has focussed on modifying the physical control of ticketing or ticket inspection rates. Yet recently the perspective on fare evasion has begun to shift toward profiling the fare evader or understanding the customer motivations to fare evade. This paper uses a literature review method to document the characteristics of these three perspectives on fare evasion: the conventional transit system perspective, the customer profiling perspective and the customer motivations perspective. We find that the conventional transit system perspective, although straightforward to measure and control, has its limits particularly in “open” transit systems. The customer profiling perspective attempts to identify, based on demographics, which customers are more likely to fare evade. However this perspective has little use beyond profiling and is ethically questionable. The customer motivations perspective provides a richer understanding of how customers define fare evasion and what attitudes, social norms and circumstances motivates them to fare evade. Considering that between 20% and 40% of a city’s residents admit to fare evading at some point, understanding these complex motivations can help improve revenue compliance at a time when most governments heavily subsidise their transit systems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 376-391
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1482382
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1482382
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:376-391
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah E. O’Toole
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah E.
Author-X-Name-Last: O’Toole
Author-Name: Nicola Christie
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Christie
Title: Educating parents to support children’s road safety: a review of the literature
Abstract:
This narrative review synthesised the limited work that has been carried out into road safety education targeting parents. Parent education appeared to have a positive impact on child safety seat use and children’s bike helmet use, but results regarding the impact of parent education on pedestrian safety were mixed. The review highlighted important gaps in the literature. A key gap being identifying effective ways to engage parents of low socioeconomic and ethnic minority backgrounds. Further, another gap is understanding effective ways to engage and support parents of children with additional needs to build their children’s road safety skills. There is some evidence that parent education has a positive impact on these “at-risk” groups, but little work on how to engage with these groups and the type of parent education required.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 392-406
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1499678
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1499678
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:392-406
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Transport for all
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 289-292
Issue: 3
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1582905
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1582905
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:3:p:289-292
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Transport Reviews at 40
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-4
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1693365
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1693365
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:1-4
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kiron Chatterjee
Author-X-Name-First: Kiron
Author-X-Name-Last: Chatterjee
Author-Name: Samuel Chng
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Chng
Author-Name: Ben Clark
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark
Author-Name: Adrian Davis
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis
Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Author-Name: Dick Ettema
Author-X-Name-First: Dick
Author-X-Name-Last: Ettema
Author-Name: Susan Handy
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Handy
Author-Name: Adam Martin
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin
Author-Name: Louise Reardon
Author-X-Name-First: Louise
Author-X-Name-Last: Reardon
Title: Commuting and wellbeing: a critical overview of the literature with implications for policy and future research
Abstract:
This review provides a critical overview of what has been learnt about commuting’s impact on subjective wellbeing (SWB). It is structured around a conceptual model which assumes commuting can affect SWB over three time horizons: (i) during the journey; (ii) immediately after the journey; and (iii) over the longer term. Our assessment of the evidence shows that mood is lower during the commute than other daily activities and stress can be induced by congestion, crowding and unpredictability. People who walk or cycle to work are generally more satisfied with their commute than those who travel by car and especially those who use public transport. Satisfaction decreases with duration of commute, regardless of mode used, and increases when travelling with company. After the journey, evidence shows that the commute experience “spills over” into how people feel and perform at work and home. However, a consistent link between commuting and life satisfaction overall has not been established. The evidence suggests that commuters are generally successful in trading off the drawbacks of longer and more arduous commute journeys against the benefits they bring in relation to overall life satisfaction, but further research is required to understand the decision making involved. The evidence review points to six areas that warrant policy action and research: (i) enhancing the commute experience; (ii) increasing commute satisfaction; (iii) reducing the impacts of long duration commutes; (iv) meeting commuter preferences; (v) recognising flexibility and constraints in commuting routines and (vi) accounting for SWB impacts of commuting in policy making and appraisal.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 5-34
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1649317
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1649317
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:5-34
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Subash Humagain
Author-X-Name-First: Subash
Author-X-Name-Last: Humagain
Author-Name: Roopak Sinha
Author-X-Name-First: Roopak
Author-X-Name-Last: Sinha
Author-Name: Edmund Lai
Author-X-Name-First: Edmund
Author-X-Name-Last: Lai
Author-Name: Prakash Ranjitkar
Author-X-Name-First: Prakash
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranjitkar
Title: A systematic review of route optimisation and pre-emption methods for emergency vehicles
Abstract:
Reducing the travel time of emergency vehicles (EVs) is an effective way to improve critical services such as ambulance, fire, and police. Route optimisation and pre-emption are powerful techniques used to reduce EV travel time. This paper presents a systematic literature review of optimisation and pre-emption techniques for routing EVs. A detailed classification of existing techniques is presented along with critical analysis and discussion. The study observes the limitations of existing routing systems and lack of real-world applications of the proposed pre-emption systems, leading to several interesting and important knowledge and implementation gaps that require further investigation. These gaps include optimisations using real-time dynamic traffic data, considering time to travel as a critical parameter within dynamic route planning algorithms, considering advanced algorithms, assessing and minimising the effects of EV routing on other traffic, and addressing safety concerns in traffic networks containing multiple EVs at the same time.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 35-53
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1649319
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1649319
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:35-53
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franziska Kirschner
Author-X-Name-First: Franziska
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirschner
Author-Name: Martin Lanzendorf
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Lanzendorf
Title: Parking management for promoting sustainable transport in urban neighbourhoods. A review of existing policies and challenges from a German perspective
Abstract:
The organisation of parking is a key challenge to more sustainable mobility in urban areas, as its pricing and availability affect the rates of private car ownership and use. However, changing parking policies is a challenging issue for local politicians and planners because residents frequently oppose changes or restrictions to conditions they have taken for granted such as on-street parking in a public space. The aim of this paper is firstly to assess how the parking policy of an urban neighbourhood can be structured to contribute to more sustainable mobility and to increase liveability in the neighbourhood. The second aim is to apply the policies reviewed to an example neighbourhood. For this purpose, we systematically reviewed academic literature and identified five types of relevant parking policies: (i) maximum parking requirements, (ii) physical detachment of residence and parking space, (iii) residential parking permits and the limitation of available parking space, (iv) performance-based pricing and (v) parking as a demand management strategy. We discovered that most research focuses on econometric models about parking and that studies rarely address the effects of parking on the quality of life in neighbourhoods. Therefore, we need further research regarding the relationship of parking and liveability. We conclude that for the implementation of such parking policies in an example neighbourhood, the municipality needs to develop a mobility vision for its city. It has to understand parking as a tool for transportation demand management to increase the acceptance of parking policy concepts and to avoid spillover problems. Finally, in the German case, as in most other countries, states and municipalities need to redesign their legal frameworks to be able to manage parking supply better and to react to changes related to digital developments and parking. The findings have implications for other European neighbourhoods regarding the transfer from research to local circumstances and applications for the whole city.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 54-75
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1666929
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1666929
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:54-75
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Button
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth
Author-X-Name-Last: Button
Title: The “Ubernomics” of ridesourcing: the myths and the reality
Abstract:
This paper looks at the economics of ridesourcing (or app-based ride-hailing) with a particular focus on the US. It brings together the rather dispersed literature on the subject focusing on the economic characteristics of the underlying industry and sets this within the broader context of transportation economics. In particular, it sorts out the realities of ridesourcing from some of myths that were perpetrated in its early days and, in many cases, still persist. It considers some of the empirical evidence that has emerged regarding the key parameters that determine the way Uber and the like operate, and the welfare implications of this, together with comments on some of the regulatory reactions to the new transportation platform. It concludes by suggesting some ways in which recent developments in economic could move forward our understanding of the industry as technologies and markets change.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 76-94
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1687605
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1687605
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:76-94
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Avigail Ferdman
Author-X-Name-First: Avigail
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferdman
Title: Corporate ownership of automated vehicles: discussing potential negative externalities
Abstract:
This paper proposes a new angle on the relationship between ownership models of automated vehicles and implications for travel. Specifically, the paper speculates on the potential negative externalities of corporate ownership. It argues that corporate ownership may prolong trips in order to maximise returns on capital and to take advantage of passengers’ in-vehicle attention. Corporate owners are expected to generate revenue from providing passengers with personalised content, by providing car-immersive entertainment services and prolonging trips. The paper argues that corporate owners will have important stakes in the “attention economy”: a fast-growing industry with an explicit interest in harvesting persons’ attention through digital content, and repurposing it for financial gain. One of the consequences of corporate ownership introducing such incentives into transport schemes is that congestion may worsen, because the corporate owner can generate potential revenue from prolonging travel time. This would work against the goals of reducing travel time for passengers and engendering more sustainable transport. In addition, there may be other negative externalities from corporate ownership with stakes in the attention economy: a reduction in positive utility due to reduction in the ability to convert travel time to productive time; a reduction in human well-being, and widening of social injustice. Given that the attention economy is in the business of capturing persons' attention, this will make it difficult to convert travel time into productive time, since it will become harder for the passenger to disengage from tailored digital targeting. In addition, in-vehicle experience, combined with the hold that the attention economy will have on passengers, reduces the potential of developing and exercising our human capacities, which is crucial for well-being. Finally, subscription plans that will offer the ability to opt-out from personalised targeting may create social injustice insofar as some people will be able to afford opting-out, while others will not. The upshot is that corporate interests need to be taken into account in assessing the implications of automated vehicles on travel, and regulatory mechanisms to anticipate and correct for these externalities are timely.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 95-113
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1687606
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1687606
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:95-113
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicolas Paquet
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Paquet
Title: Maritime mobilities
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 114-115
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1689695
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1689695
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:114-115
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom van Vuren
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: van Vuren
Title: Modeling of transport demand – analyzing, calculating, and forecasting transport demand
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 115-117
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1635226
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1635226
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:115-117
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miloš N. Mladenović
Author-X-Name-First: Miloš N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mladenović
Title: Mobility justice: the politics of movement in an age of extremes
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 117-120
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1654556
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1654556
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:117-120
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marc Fialkoff
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Fialkoff
Title: Uniformity of transport law through international regimes
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 120-121
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1656678
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1656678
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:120-121
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meredith Glaser
Author-X-Name-First: Meredith
Author-X-Name-Last: Glaser
Author-Name: Kevin J. Krizek
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Krizek
Title: Copenhagenize: the definitive guide to global bicycle urbanism
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 121-123
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1656679
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1656679
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:121-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Riggs
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Riggs
Title: The end of driving: transportation systems and public policy planning for autonomous vehicles
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 124-125
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1668492
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1668492
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:124-125
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elliott Sclar
Author-X-Name-First: Elliott
Author-X-Name-Last: Sclar
Title: Transforming urban transport
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 125-127
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1685610
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1685610
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:125-127
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Moshe Givoni
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 128-129
Issue: 1
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1700002
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1700002
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:1:p:128-129
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harshada Patel
Author-X-Name-First: Harshada
Author-X-Name-Last: Patel
Author-Name: Mirabelle D’Cruz
Author-X-Name-First: Mirabelle
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Cruz
Title: Passenger-centric factors influencing the experience of aircraft comfort
Abstract:
Enhancing passenger comfort in an air cabin environment is uniquely challenging. Air travel offers a restrictive passenger experience in terms of available space and the ability to change one’s position or journey. The first step to designing experiences for comfort is to take a broader view of the factors which influence in-flight comfort. While many studies have considered the design and services of aircrafts and airlines, this review focuses on the passenger and the internal and external factors which can affect their comfort. We present a descriptive model of comfort that comprises factors such as individual characteristics, personal travel context and interaction with others. This model could be used to develop an improved aircraft passenger experience.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 252-269
Issue: 2
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1307877
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1307877
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:2:p:252-269
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Devajyoti Deka
Author-X-Name-First: Devajyoti
Author-X-Name-Last: Deka
Title: Bicycle justice and urban transformation: biking for all?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 270-271
Issue: 2
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1311965
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1311965
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:2:p:270-271
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Pucher
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Pucher
Title: The urban transport crisis in emerging economies
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 271-273
Issue: 2
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1313333
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1313333
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:2:p:271-273
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabriele Prati
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriele
Author-X-Name-Last: Prati
Author-Name: Víctor Marín Puchades
Author-X-Name-First: Víctor
Author-X-Name-Last: Marín Puchades
Author-Name: Marco De Angelis
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: De Angelis
Author-Name: Federico Fraboni
Author-X-Name-First: Federico
Author-X-Name-Last: Fraboni
Author-Name: Luca Pietrantoni
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Pietrantoni
Title: Factors contributing to bicycle–motorised vehicle collisions: a systematic literature review
Abstract:
Bicycle–motorised vehicle (BMV) collisions account for the majority of the recorded bicyclists’ fatalities and serious injuries. This systematic review intends to examine the main factors contributing to BMV collisions. We performed a comprehensive literature review on Scopus, TRID, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases. Fifty-nine English-language peer-reviewed articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. The main factors contributing to BMV collisions identified were classified in accordance with a recently published conceptual framework for road safety. The majority of studies have identified factors related to road users’ behaviour (59.3%) and infrastructure characteristics (57.6%). A minority of studies identified variables related to exposure (40.7%) and vehicles (15.3%) as contributor factors to BMV collisions. A small but significant proportion of studies (20.3%) provided evidence that environmental factors may also play a role, although to a lesser extent, in determining BMV collisions. In addition to the three factors comprised in the applied conceptual framework for road safety, we identified environmental conditions as a category of factors contributing to BMV collisions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 184-208
Issue: 2
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1314391
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1314391
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:2:p:184-208
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Imre Keseru
Author-X-Name-First: Imre
Author-X-Name-Last: Keseru
Author-Name: Cathy Macharis
Author-X-Name-First: Cathy
Author-X-Name-Last: Macharis
Title: Travel-based multitasking: review of the empirical evidence
Abstract:
This paper reviews 58 studies with empirical evidence on travel-based multitasking, identifies gaps in terms of data collection methods and provides a comprehensive review of findings about the significance of variables with an impact on the prevalence and type of multitasking. We identified the limitations of quantitative or qualitative surveys and advocate a mixed methods approach to provide an in-depth understanding of travel-based multitasking. We revealed that cross-country comparisons are missing due to the lack of empirical evidence outside the developed countries. While there are indications of increasing multitasking with mobile devices, we found only two longitudinal surveys that provide evidence. We call for a standardisation of definitions of multitasking activities to enable more longitudinal research. We identified 75 variables that were tested for impact on travel-based multitasking in previous research, of which 60 were found to be significant. Sufficient evidence (i.e. minimum three papers), however, only exists for age, gender, trip duration, travel mode, trip purpose, time of the day and day of the week of the trip and the presence of a travel companion. Therefore, more research is suggested to determine the influence of attitude, comfort, availability of equipment, time use and spatial attributes on the type and prevalence of travel-based multitasking.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 162-183
Issue: 2
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1317048
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1317048
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:2:p:162-183
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sanhita Das
Author-X-Name-First: Sanhita
Author-X-Name-Last: Das
Author-Name: Akhilesh Kumar Maurya
Author-X-Name-First: Akhilesh Kumar
Author-X-Name-Last: Maurya
Title: Modelling of motorised two-wheelers: a review of the literature
Abstract:
Motorised two-wheeler (MTW) has emerged as the most widely used transportation mode for short distance trips in many Asian and European countries because of its affordable price and flexibility in manoeuvring through traffic. Its small size and aggressive riding patterns can considerably affect the overall traffic flow characteristics and safety. Modelling the characteristic behaviour and complex movement patterns of motorised two-wheelers is essential due to their pronounced role in microscopic traffic simulations, traffic management strategies, safety evaluation, transport planning and intelligent transportation systems. This paper begins with an overview of the determinant factors used for MTW modelling, followed by a critical review of various modelling approaches that have been adopted to depict the movement patterns of MTWs. The review concentrates on (i) identifying the factors mostly studied with respect to MTW-research, (ii) discussing the potential and limitations of each modelling approach and (iii) reporting some of the aspects that need further consideration for modelling MTWs in heterogeneous mixed traffic streams. The findings of the paper suggest that an integrated approach can be more viable to depict the unique riding patterns of motorised two-wheelers and some possible directions for future studies are also proposed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 209-231
Issue: 2
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1317049
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1317049
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:2:p:209-231
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris De Gruyter
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: De Gruyter
Author-Name: Geoffrey Rose
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Author-Name: Tom Rye
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Rye
Author-Name: Emilie van de Graaff
Author-X-Name-First: Emilie
Author-X-Name-Last: van de Graaff
Title: Travel plans for new developments: a global review
Abstract:
A travel plan is a mechanism for delivering a package of transport measures at a site to manage car use and encourage the use of more sustainable forms of transport. In recent years, travel plans have been required for new infill and greenfield developments through the land-use planning and approvals process, predominantly in the United Kingdom, the United States, continental Europe and Australia. This paper contributes to the literature by providing a global review of travel plans for new developments. The results show that while travel plans for new developments share a common set of elements with those for pre-existing sites, differences within each element are notable, particularly in the types of travel plan measures adopted, processes for managing the travel plan, and approaches to monitoring and review. Results of previous evaluations have varied considerably, although most have reported a reduction in car driver trips of 10–20 percentage points. Despite this, most evaluations lack rigour, with a paucity of robust evidence. Key success factors identified by the literature, such as the provision of an explicit policy supporting the role of travel plans, should be embedded within the travel planning process where possible to ensure best outcomes for new developments.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 142-161
Issue: 2
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1322643
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1322643
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:2:p:142-161
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcus Young
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Young
Author-Name: Simon Blainey
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Blainey
Title: Railway station choice modelling: a review of methods and evidence
Abstract:
Since the first railway station choice studies of the 1970s, a substantial body of research on the topic has been completed, primarily in North America, the U.K. and the Netherlands. With many countries seeing sustained growth in rail passenger numbers, which is forecast to continue, station choice models have an important role to play in assessing proposals for new stations or service changes. This paper reviews the modelling approaches adopted, the factors found to influence station choice and the application of models to real-world demand forecasting scenarios. A consensus has formed around using the closed-form multinomial logit and nested logit models, with limited use of more advanced simulation-based models, and the direction effects of a range of factors have been consistently reported. However, there are questions over the validity of applying non-spatial discrete choice models to a context where spatial correlation will be present, in particular with regard to the models’ ability to adequately represent the abstraction behaviours resulting from competition between stations. Furthermore, there has been limited progress towards developing a methodology to integrate a station choice element into the aggregate models typically used to forecast passenger demand for new stations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 232-251
Issue: 2
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1326537
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1326537
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:2:p:232-251
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicola Christie
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Christie
Title: Why we need to view road safety through a public health lens?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 139-141
Issue: 2
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1411226
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1411226
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:2:p:139-141
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dimitris Milakis
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris
Author-X-Name-Last: Milakis
Title: Long-term implications of automated vehicles: an introduction
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-8
Issue: 1
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1545286
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1545286
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:1:p:1-8
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rodrigo Marçal Gandia
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo Marçal
Author-X-Name-Last: Gandia
Author-Name: Fabio Antonialli
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio
Author-X-Name-Last: Antonialli
Author-Name: Bruna Habib Cavazza
Author-X-Name-First: Bruna Habib
Author-X-Name-Last: Cavazza
Author-Name: Arthur Miranda Neto
Author-X-Name-First: Arthur Miranda
Author-X-Name-Last: Neto
Author-Name: Danilo Alves de Lima
Author-X-Name-First: Danilo Alves de
Author-X-Name-Last: Lima
Author-Name: Joel Yutaka Sugano
Author-X-Name-First: Joel Yutaka
Author-X-Name-Last: Sugano
Author-Name: Isabelle Nicolai
Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Nicolai
Author-Name: Andre Luiz Zambalde
Author-X-Name-First: Andre Luiz
Author-X-Name-Last: Zambalde
Title: Autonomous vehicles: scientometric and bibliometric review
Abstract:
This paper presents a scientometric and bibliometric review of the research on autonomous vehicles (AVs) to identify its main characteristics, evolution, and potential trends for future studies. Relevant articles were searched on WoS, yielding a research corpus of 10,580 papers, and the software CiteSpace was subsequently used for analysis. The results showed that AV research is heterogeneous and registered a growing demand over time. Multidisciplinarity is present, with 96 science fields being identified. As in any other sector, it is necessary to understand broader aspects of this industry such as the market factors surrounding it, as well as other economic and managerial issues. In this sense, we observed a migration of the research field from multidisciplinarity to pluridisciplinarity with a greater number of studies focusing on the latter. We understand that terminology standardisation contributes to achieving pluridisciplinarity. As such, it is important to highlight that sustainability, public policies, liability, and safety, as well as business issues such as performance and business models are some of the tendencies in the field of AVs. For future studies, we suggest a more in-depth analysis of publications in terms of individual search terms, as well as the sub-areas identified as trends in this paper.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 9-28
Issue: 1
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1518937
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1518937
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:1:p:9-28
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aggelos Soteropoulos
Author-X-Name-First: Aggelos
Author-X-Name-Last: Soteropoulos
Author-Name: Martin Berger
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Berger
Author-Name: Francesco Ciari
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Ciari
Title: Impacts of automated vehicles on travel behaviour and land use: an international review of modelling studies
Abstract:
Automated vehicles (AVs) could completely change mobility in the coming years and decades. As AVs are still under development and gathering empirical data for further analysis is not yet possible, existing studies mainly applied models and simulations to assess their impact. This paper provides a comprehensive review of modelling studies investigating the impacts of AVs on travel behaviour and land use. It shows that AVs are mostly found to increase vehicle miles travelled and reduce public transport and slow modes share. This particularly applies to private AVs, which are also leading to a more dispersed urban growth pattern. Shared automated vehicle fleets, conversely, could have positive impacts, including reducing the overall number of vehicles and parking spaces. Moreover, if it is assumed that automation would make the public transport system more efficient, AVs could lead to a favouring of urbanisation processes. However, results are very sensitive to model assumptions which are still very uncertain (e.g. the perception of time in AVs) and more research to gain further insight should have priority in future research as well as the development of the models and their further adaptation to AVs.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 29-49
Issue: 1
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1523253
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1523253
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:1:p:29-49
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick A. Singleton
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton
Title: Discussing the “positive utilities” of autonomous vehicles: will travellers really use their time productively?
Abstract:
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are expected to reshape travel behaviour and demand in part by enabling productive uses of travel time—a primary component of the “positive utility of travel” concept—thus reducing subjective values of travel time savings (VOT). Many studies from industry and academia have assumed significant increases in travel time use and reductions in VOT for AVs. In this position paper, I argue that AVs’ VOT impacts may be more modest than anticipated and derive from a different source. Vehicle designs and operations may limit activity engagement during travel, with AV users feeling more like car passengers than train riders. Furthermore, shared AVs may attenuate travel time use benefits, and productivity gains could be limited to long-distance trips. Although AV riders will likely have greater activity participation during travel, many in-vehicle activities today may be more about coping with commuting burdens than productively using travel time. Instead, VOT reductions may be more likely to arise from a different “positive utility”—subjective well-being improvements through reduced stresses of driving or the ability to relax and mentally transition. Given high uncertainty, further empirical research on the experiential, time use, and VOT impacts of AVs is needed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 50-65
Issue: 1
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1470584
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1470584
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:1:p:50-65
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jason Hawkins
Author-X-Name-First: Jason
Author-X-Name-Last: Hawkins
Author-Name: Khandker Nurul Habib
Author-X-Name-First: Khandker
Author-X-Name-Last: Nurul Habib
Title: Integrated models of land use and transportation for the autonomous vehicle revolution
Abstract:
The advent of the autonomous vehicle (AV) will affect not only the transportation system, but also future patterns of land development. Integrated land use and transportation models will be critical tools in assessing the path forward with this technology. Key questions with respect to land use impacts of AVs arise from potential changes in sensitivity to travel and reduced demand for parking. It is an open question whether AVs will induce urban sprawl, or whether spatial economies of agglomeration will mitigate any reductions in travel time sensitivity. The deployment of shared fleets of AVs would likely reduce parking demand, producing yet to be explored impacts on property development within existing urban footprints. We perform a critical assessment of currently operational models and their ability to represent the adoption of AVs. We identify the representation of time in such models as a vital component requiring additional development to model this new technology. Existing model applications have focused on the discrete addition of new infrastructure or policy at a fixed point in time, whereas AV adoption will occur incrementally through time. Stated adaptation surveys are recommended as tools to quantify preferences and develop relevant model inputs. It is argued that existing models that assume comparatively static equilibrium have been convenient in the past, but are insufficient to model technology adoption. In contrast, dynamic model frameworks lack sufficient structure to maintain reasonability under large perturbations from base conditions. The ongoing advancement of computing has allowed models to move away from being mechanistic aggregate tools, towards behaviourally rich depictions of individual persons and firms. However, much work remains to move from projections of existing conditions into the future, to the evolution of the spatial economy as it evolves through time in response to new technologies and exogenous stresses. Principles from complex and evolutionary systems theory will be important in the development of models with the capacity to consider such dynamics.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 66-83
Issue: 1
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1449033
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1449033
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:1:p:66-83
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Crystal Legacy
Author-X-Name-First: Crystal
Author-X-Name-Last: Legacy
Author-Name: David Ashmore
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Ashmore
Author-Name: Jan Scheurer
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Scheurer
Author-Name: John Stone
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Stone
Author-Name: Carey Curtis
Author-X-Name-First: Carey
Author-X-Name-Last: Curtis
Title: Planning the driverless city
Abstract:
AV technologies have the potential to transform urban landscapes and existing transport systems and networks. Yet, the utopian imaginary of reduced automobile ownership and a new shared economic future sits in tension with suggestions that car dependency, urban sprawl and transport inaccessibility will be exacerbated. The issues are situated in a complex governance landscape involving an influential private sector who are increasingly setting the agenda. The public sector may be forced into reacting to the new innovations by information technology and automobile companies as they are introduced into existing built environments. Drawing on an extensive literature base and interviews with public sector planners, this paper reveals the conceptual gaps in the framing of AV technology – the prospects and limits – and how these are conceived. The paper raises questions about the role urban planning can play in the rollout of AVs in order to anticipate and mediate unwanted built environment and socio-spatial impacts, as well as reconciling the ambition of transport innovation with the public purpose of planning.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 84-102
Issue: 1
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1466835
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1466835
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:1:p:84-102
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Araz Taeihagh
Author-X-Name-First: Araz
Author-X-Name-Last: Taeihagh
Author-Name: Hazel Si Min Lim
Author-X-Name-First: Hazel Si Min
Author-X-Name-Last: Lim
Title: Governing autonomous vehicles: emerging responses for safety, liability, privacy, cybersecurity, and industry risks
Abstract:
The benefits of autonomous vehicles (AVs) are widely acknowledged, but there are concerns about the extent of these benefits and AV risks and unintended consequences. In this article, we first examine AVs and different categories of the technological risks associated with them. We then explore strategies that can be adopted to address these risks, and explore emerging responses by governments for addressing AV risks. Our analyses reveal that, thus far, governments have in most instances avoided stringent measures in order to promote AV developments and the majority of responses are non-binding and focus on creating councils or working groups to better explore AV implications. The US has been active in introducing legislations to address issues related to privacy and cybersecurity. The UK and Germany, in particular, have enacted laws to address liability issues; other countries mostly acknowledge these issues, but have yet to implement specific strategies. To address privacy and cybersecurity risks strategies ranging from introduction or amendment of non-AV specific legislation to creating working groups have been adopted. Much less attention has been paid to issues such as environmental and employment risks, although a few governments have begun programmes to retrain workers who might be negatively affected.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 103-128
Issue: 1
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1494640
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1494640
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:1:p:103-128
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Cohen
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Cohen
Author-Name: Clémence Cavoli
Author-X-Name-First: Clémence
Author-X-Name-Last: Cavoli
Title: Automated vehicles: exploring possible consequences of government (non)intervention for congestion and accessibility
Abstract:
Academic research on automated vehicles (AVs) has to date been dominated by the fields of engineering and computer science. Questions of how this potentially transformative technology should be governed remain under-researched and tend to concentrate on governing the technology’s early development. We respond in this paper by exploring the possible longer-term effect of government (lack of) intervention.The paper tests the hypothesis that a “laissez-faire” governance approach is likely to produce less desirable outcomes in a scenario of mass uptake of AVs than would a well-planned set of government interventions. This is done using two prominent themes in transport policy – traffic flow and accessibility – in a scenario of high market penetration of Level-5 automated vehicles in capitalist market economies. The evidence used is drawn from a literature review and from the findings of a set of workshops with stakeholders.We suggest that a laissez-faire approach will lead to an increase in traffic volume as a result of a growing population of “drivers” and a probable increase in kilometres driven per passenger. At the same time, the hoped-for increases in network efficiency commonly claimed are not guaranteed to come about without appropriate government intervention. The likely consequence is an increase in congestion. And, with respect to accessibility, it is likely that the benefits of AVs will be enjoyed by wealthier individuals and that the wider impacts of AV use (including sprawl) may lead to a deterioration in accessibility for those who depend on walking, cycling or collective transport.We consider the range of possible government intervention in five categories: Planning/land-use; Regulation/policy; Infrastructure/technology; Service provision; and Economic instruments. For each category, we set out a series of interventions that might be used by governments (at city, region or state level) to manage congestion or protect accessibility in the AV scenario described. Many of these (e.g. road pricing) are already part of the policy mix but some (e.g. ban empty running of AVs) would be new. We find that all interventions applicable to the management of traffic flow would also be expected to contribute to the management of accessibility; we define a small number of additional interventions aimed at protecting the accessibility of priority groups.Our general finding is that the adoption of a package of these interventions could be expected to lead to better performance against generic traffic-flow and accessibility objectives than would a laissez-faire approach, though questions of extent of application remain.In our conclusions, we contrast laissez-faire with both anticipatory governance and “precautionary” governance and acknowledge the political difficulty associated with acting in the context of uncertainty. We point out that AVs do not represent the first emerging technology to offer both opportunities and risks and challenge governments at all levels to acknowledge the extent of their potential influence and, in particular, to examine methodically the options available to them and the potential consequences of pursuing them.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 129-151
Issue: 1
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1524401
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1524401
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:1:p:129-151
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hadi Ghaderi
Author-X-Name-First: Hadi
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghaderi
Title: Autonomous technologies in short sea shipping: trends, feasibility and implications
Abstract:
The maritime industry has been continuously transforming the nature of its business and striving to embrace technology in many aspects. In this context, autonomous technologies have been receiving momentum with a potential to revolutionise the landscape of shipping industry. After conducting a comprehensive literature review on the issues facing by the short sea shipping (SSS) industry, a model is developed to explore the potential savings of removing crew and use of autonomous technologies through a Continuously Unmanned Ship (CUS) that is operated by a Shore Control Centre (SCC). The analysis shows that autonomous technologies are viable to the challenges that the shipping industry is facing in terms of crew costs and skill shortage. To validate this statement, a case study is selected and various scenarios were tested based on relevant operational and financial considerations, including crew arrangement, cargo utilisation levels and shore wage coefficients. The results suggest that the savings occur in demand-uncertain markets and where a network of vessels are operated via a control centre. While autonomous technology use in shipping holds promise, there remain several limitations that this research addresses in terms of implementation, commercial attractiveness, risk profile, legislative, workforce planning and port operations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 152-173
Issue: 1
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1502834
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1502834
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:1:p:152-173
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dejan Makovšek
Author-X-Name-First: Dejan
Author-X-Name-Last: Makovšek
Author-Name: Marian Moszoro
Author-X-Name-First: Marian
Author-X-Name-Last: Moszoro
Title: Risk pricing inefficiency in public–private partnerships
Abstract:
There is a drive towards delivering and operating public infrastructure through public–private partnership (PPP) rather than traditional public procurement. The assessment of the value for money achieved by the two alternative approaches rests in the cost of financing and their efficiency in delivery and operation. This paper focuses on the cost of financing, in particular the cost associated with transferring risk from the public to private sphere. If capital markets were efficient and complete, the cost of public (government) and private financing should be the same, with the relative delivery and operational efficiency remaining as the primary determinant of value-for-money. Evidence suggests, however, that the risk transfer to a PPP entails an inefficient risk pricing premium which goes beyond the direct cost of financing. We argue that a high price for PPPs results from large risk transfers, risk treatment within the private sector, and uncertainty around the past and future performance of public–private consortia. The corollary is that the efficiency gains from a PPP must be much higher than commonly expected to deliver a greater value for the money than under a traditional approach.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 298-321
Issue: 3
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1324925
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1324925
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:3:p:298-321
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Jochem
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Jochem
Author-Name: Jonatan J. Gómez Vilchez
Author-X-Name-First: Jonatan J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gómez Vilchez
Author-Name: Axel Ensslen
Author-X-Name-First: Axel
Author-X-Name-Last: Ensslen
Author-Name: Johannes Schäuble
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Schäuble
Author-Name: Wolf Fichtner
Author-X-Name-First: Wolf
Author-X-Name-Last: Fichtner
Title: Methods for forecasting the market penetration of electric drivetrains in the passenger car market
Abstract:
Current car technologies will not solve upcoming challenges of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in road transport. Projections of the market penetration by alternative drive train technologies are controversial regarding both forecast market shares and applied scientific methods. Accepting this latter challenge, we provide a (so far missing) overview of methods applied in this field and give some recommendations for further work. Our focus is to classify the applied methods into a convenient pattern and to analyse models from the recent scientific literature which consider the electrification of light-duty vehicles. We differentiate the following bottom-up approaches: Econometric models with disaggregated data (such as discrete choice), and agent-based simulation models. The group of top-down models are subdivided into econometric models with aggregated data (e.g. vehicle stock data), system dynamics, as well as integrated assessment models with general equilibrium models. It becomes obvious that some methods have a stronger methodological background whereas others require comprehensive data sets or can be combined more flexibly with other methods. Even though there is no dominant method, we can identify a trend in the literature towards data-driven hybrid approaches, which considers micro and macro aspects influencing the market penetration of electric vehicles.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 322-348
Issue: 3
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1326538
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1326538
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:3:p:322-348
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Timothy Ross
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy
Author-X-Name-Last: Ross
Author-Name: Ronald Buliung
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald
Author-X-Name-Last: Buliung
Title: A systematic review of disability’s treatment in the active school travel and children’s independent mobility literatures
Abstract:
While various forms of social difference (e.g. gender, age, race/ethnicity, and class) have been engaged in the active school travel (AST) and children’s independent mobility (CIM) literatures, one form has gone largely unconsidered: disability. Disregard for disability within these literatures is troubling, as it leaves children’s experiences of disability associated with independent mobility and school travel unquestioned, which in turn helps to allow their experiences of exclusion to persist. This paper presents a systematic review of the AST and CIM literatures that was undertaken with a view to providing insight into three questions. (1) To what extent is disability considered in the literatures in comparison to other forms of social difference? (2) How is disability engaged? (3) How could disability be approached differently such that experiences of children (and their households) living with disability are better accounted for moving forward (e.g. provided with equitable travel/mobility options)? Following a detailed consideration of the systematic review process, this paper presents figures and tables showing the extent to which disability has been considered in the two literatures in relation to other forms of social difference. To show how transport scholars and others are engaging disability, 29 studies were identified for in-depth, qualitative review. These studies are summarized and then discussed in relation to their geographic focus, the forms of disability they considered, their treatment of children’s perspective and agency, and the disability perspectives they employed. It is suggested that disability and its relationships with other forms of social difference, as well as the largely unquestioned normalcy of children’s disability experiences, warrant further inquiry within the AST and CIM literatures. We propose that drawing upon a critical ableist studies perspective may be useful for any such inquiry due to its focus on ableism and normalcy, as well as its recognition of the complex intersectionality of disability experiences.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 349-371
Issue: 3
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1340358
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1340358
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:3:p:349-371
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tor-Olav Nævestad
Author-X-Name-First: Tor-Olav
Author-X-Name-Last: Nævestad
Author-Name: Beate Elvebakk
Author-X-Name-First: Beate
Author-X-Name-Last: Elvebakk
Author-Name: Ross Owen Phillips
Author-X-Name-First: Ross Owen
Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips
Title: The safety ladder: developing an evidence-based safety management strategy for small road transport companies
Abstract:
Traffic accidents account for between 20% and 40% of work-related accidents in industrial countries, and research indicates that road transport companies often have little focus on organisational safety management (OSM). There is thus a huge and largely untapped road safety potential in improving the safety of people who drive in their work, by focusing on OSM. Road transport companies in European countries are often small, however, with limited resources in terms of time, financial resources and competence on road safety. The main aim of the present article is therefore to develop an OSM strategy for small road transport companies. Based on a systematic literature review, taking Norwegian research as its point of departure, the article concludes that four measures seem to be most realistic for small goods-transport businesses, and that these measures seem to have the greatest safety potential. These four measures can be arranged on a ladder, where businesses start at the lowest and most basic level, before proceeding to the next step. While our stepwise safety-ladder approach has not been validated, it is expected that further research would confirm the value of the strategy proposed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 372-393
Issue: 3
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1349207
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1349207
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:3:p:372-393
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rebecca Shliselberg
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca
Author-X-Name-Last: Shliselberg
Author-Name: Moshe Givoni
Author-X-Name-First: Moshe
Author-X-Name-Last: Givoni
Title: Motility as a policy objective
Abstract:
Western literature abounds with powerful imagery of mobility and travel, extolling the richness of experience and learning that can only happen along the way. The more common policy and research contexts consider travel and mobility as an important means to an end, valued relative to the destination activity. This review builds on the research that considers on-the-way benefits in order to expand this perspective as a part of transport studies. The question posed is if there is a place to evaluate mobility as a life-enhancing activity in its own right, directly contributing to the capacity for autonomy and freedom of choice that are central elements of personal well-being. Motility or mobility capital, defined as the capacity for mobility, offers a theoretical context for this purpose. The literature has adopted motility for its ability to broaden the understanding of mobility choices, by structuring a role for material, human, social and cultural capital as contributing to an individual’s capacity for mobility. The context of individual capital implies that motility holds value not only as an input to mobility choices, but also through its exchange value with other forms of capital, thereby promoting broader contexts for human flourishing. Therefore, motility has value as a policy objective for its contribution to individual well-being and this article further argues that it is through mobility experiences that this type of capital can be advanced.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 279-297
Issue: 3
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1355855
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1355855
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:3:p:279-297
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fernando Martín Poó
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando Martín
Author-X-Name-Last: Poó
Author-Name: Rubén Daniel Ledesma
Author-X-Name-First: Rubén Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Ledesma
Author-Name: Soledad Susana López
Author-X-Name-First: Soledad Susana
Author-X-Name-Last: López
Title: The taxi industry: working conditions and health of drivers, a literature review
Abstract:
The taxi industry plays an important role in urban transportation systems, both in economic and mobility terms. In the case of the former, it provides employment for a large number of people and circulates significant amounts of money. In the case of the latter, it is a flexible means of transportation capable of arriving at any destination. Although the way the taxi industry is organised varies across countries and even within countries, some factors are shared at varying latitudes of the globe. Working conditions, habits, health, and exposure to road crashes have been a subject of interest for researchers from various disciplines, including medicine, psychology, and economics. However, much of this research focuses on a part of the problem and is not mutually referential. A review of the literature may be useful not only to researchers of diverse disciplines but also to industry representatives and those public officials responsible for transportation, road safety and health policy. This article provides a comprehensive review of the working conditions of taxi drivers, their relationship to road risk exposure and their consequences on the health of workers. It also includes information on coping strategies and protective behaviors. The review is based on a Scopus database search. The search covered the period from 1990 to 2015. This initial search was complemented with other database searches, which yielded some additional studies. Our goal was to summarise existing knowledge, identify possible lines of research and suggest some practical recommendations. It would be important (a) to reduce the workload, establish adequate time for breaks, and provide access to healthcare, (b) to implement actions to promote and maintain healthy habits, (c) to diagnose, detect and treat indicators of occupational fatigue and stress, and (d) to develop programs that make it possible to evaluate work concerns and broaden coping strategies to foster positive changes.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 394-411
Issue: 3
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1370035
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1370035
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:3:p:394-411
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cathy Macharis
Author-X-Name-First: Cathy
Author-X-Name-Last: Macharis
Author-Name: Imre Keseru
Author-X-Name-First: Imre
Author-X-Name-Last: Keseru
Title: Rethinking mobility for a human city
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 275-278
Issue: 3
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1423612
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1423612
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:3:p:275-278
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vassilis Papakostopoulos
Author-X-Name-First: Vassilis
Author-X-Name-Last: Papakostopoulos
Author-Name: Nicolas Marmaras
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Marmaras
Author-Name: Dimitris Nathanael
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris
Author-X-Name-Last: Nathanael
Title: The “field of safe travel” revisited: interpreting driving behaviour performance through a holistic approach
Abstract:
The present paper proposes a conceptual framework for the driver’s visual–spatial perceptual processes. Based on a theoretical analysis of driving proposed by Gibson and Crooks [(1938). A theoretical field-analysis of automobile-driving. The American Journal of Psychology, 51, 453–471. doi:10.2307/1416145], the developed field of safe travel (FoST) framework suggests that at any moment the driver constructs a “field” by integrating two perceptual entities: (i) the possible available spatial fields for locomotion and (ii) the driver’s mental image of ego-vehicle outer-line and motion dynamics. This framework is used to reinterpret in a unified way a number of disparate research findings reported in the literature concerning specific driving sub-tasks (e.g. lane keeping and car following). It is argued that the FoST framework may be used to predict drivers’ behaviour in various traffic/situation environments based on their prioritisation between the above two perceptual entities. Implications of the proposed framework at a theoretical and practical level, in view of the future of driving with multiple levels of automation, are also discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 695-714
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1289992
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1289992
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:695-714
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chengxi Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Chengxi
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Yusak O. Susilo
Author-X-Name-First: Yusak O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Susilo
Author-Name: Anders Karlström
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Karlström
Title: Weather variability and travel behaviour – what we know and what we do not know
Abstract:
Given that severe weather conditions are becoming more frequent, it is important to understand the influence of weather on an individual’s daily activity-travel pattern. While some previously rare events are becoming more common, such as heavy rain, unpredicted snow, higher temperatures, it is still largely unknown how individuals will change and adapt their travel patterns in future climate conditions. Because of this concern, the number of research studies on weather and travel behaviour has increased in recent decades. Most of these empirical studies, however, have not used a cost–benefit analysis (CBA) framework, which serves as the the main tool for policy evaluation and project selection by stakeholders. This study summarises the existing findings regarding relationships between weather variability and travel behaviour, and critically assesses the methodological issues in these studies. Several further research directions are suggested to bridge the gap between empirical evidence and current practices in CBA.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 715-741
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1293188
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1293188
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:715-741
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anny-del-Mar Agamez-Arias
Author-X-Name-First: Anny-del-Mar
Author-X-Name-Last: Agamez-Arias
Author-Name: José Moyano-Fuentes
Author-X-Name-First: José
Author-X-Name-Last: Moyano-Fuentes
Title: Intermodal transport in freight distribution: a literature review
Abstract:
There has been significant growth in research on intermodal transport in freight distribution since the 1990s. Differentiating itself from previously published literature reviews, this paper evaluates the current state of this research using Systematic Literature Review methodology. The complementary aims are: (a) to identify the research lines developed and to propose a criterion for classifying the literature, and (b) to discuss the empirical evidence that identifies existing interrelationships. The analysis has enabled three main lines of research to be identified. The first research line, basic principles of intermodal transport, groups together works related to the definition of intermodal transport and the results obtained using this transportation system. The second, improvements to the way that intermodal transport systems work, frames elements and variables that impact intermodal transport systems’ logistics efficiency, such as quality of service, information and communication systems, and freight planning and linkages among system operators to provide an adequate service. Finally, the third line, intermodal transport system modelling, identifies the main variables used to optimise these transport systems, the different focuses and approaches used in modelling, and the advantages and disadvantages of each focus. These research lines take in more specific sublines that incorporate articles that develop related research questions. Lastly, the discussion of the content of each of these research sublines enables us to identify gaps in the literature and comment on directions for future research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 782-807
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1297868
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1297868
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:782-807
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Furth
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Furth
Title: Bike battles: a history of sharing the American road
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 808-808
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1297870
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1297870
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:808-808
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas C. Cornillie
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cornillie
Title: Light rail systems: principles – technology – operation – financing
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 808-810
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1297871
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1297871
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:808-810
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Font Vivanco
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Font Vivanco
Title: Rethinking climate and energy policies: new perspectives on the rebound phenomenon
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 810-813
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1307878
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1307878
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:810-813
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Pucher
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Pucher
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Title: Cycling towards a more sustainable transport future
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 689-694
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1340234
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1340234
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:689-694
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: i-ii
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1349039
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1349039
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:i-ii
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ross Owen Phillips
Author-X-Name-First: Ross Owen
Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips
Author-Name: Göran Kecklund
Author-X-Name-First: Göran
Author-X-Name-Last: Kecklund
Author-Name: Anne Anund
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Anund
Author-Name: Mikael Sallinen
Author-X-Name-First: Mikael
Author-X-Name-Last: Sallinen
Title: Fatigue in transport: a review of exposure, risks, checks and controls
Abstract:
Human fatigue continues to threaten safe transport. There are claims that employers of operators should do more to mitigate the risks, and several regulators are promoting fatigue-risk management in the context of safety management systems (SMS). The current paper reviews fatigue-related risk and exposure factors and control measures for operators of land- and sea-based transport forms. Our review identifies 13 types of measures for the monitoring or control of fatigue risks: optimal staffing; optimal schedule design; optimisation of breaks/naps; monitoring of actual hours worked; optimisation of work content; monitoring and feedback of actual sleep; health screening and treatment; promotion of recovery from work; fitness-for-duty testing; monitoring of fatigue symptoms while operating; control of fatigue while operating; performance monitoring and assistance; and fatigue-proofing. We also identify two systemic measures needed to anchor risk mitigation in SMS: organisational learning and training/other. By structuring monitoring and control measures along Dawson and McCulloch’s [Managing fatigue: It’s about sleep. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 9(5), 365–380] fatigue-risk trajectory, a framework is obtained that acts as a guide for fatigue-risk management by transport employers. To inform transport managers further, evaluations are needed of the effectiveness of individual control measures as well as whole fatigue-risk management interventions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 742-766
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1349844
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1349844
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:742-766
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura McCarthy
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy
Author-Name: Alexa Delbosc
Author-X-Name-First: Alexa
Author-X-Name-Last: Delbosc
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Author-Name: Andrew Molloy
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Molloy
Title: Factors influencing travel mode choice among families with young children (aged 0–4): a review of the literature
Abstract:
Life events, such as the birth of a child, disrupt habitual travel behaviour and provide a valuable opportunity to influence the adoption of sustainable transport practices. However, in order for sustainable travel practices to be adopted, an understanding is required of the factors that influence travel mode choice among families with young children. Research in this field is particularly timely given many in the millennial generation, a comparably large cohort, are approaching this life stage. This comprehensive literature review develops a framework of factors influencing travel mode choice among families with young children. The findings reveal a multitude of factors influence decisions about mode choice, and, in particular, encourage travel by car, when travelling with young children. The paper concludes with an agenda for future research about travel among families with young children, a largely overlooked group of transport users.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 767-781
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1354942
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1354942
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:767-781
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Erratum
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: iii-iv
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1359881
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1359881
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:iii-iv
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Erratum
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: v-vi
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1363015
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1363015
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:v-vi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: List of Reviewers August 2016–August 2017
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 814-816
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1379125
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1379125
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:814-816
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial Board
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 6
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1379127
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1379127
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:6:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Richmond
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Richmond
Title: A whole-system approach to evaluating urban transit investments
Abstract: New transit capital expenditures are typically evaluated in isolation from the transit/transport systems to which they belong. Problems with reporting performance elements such as ridership and costs are discussed. A focus on evaluating the total transport systems impact of new transit project implementation is called for. On this basis, new US rail transit systems have generally performed poorly. Total transit ridership has generally shown only minimal improvements and, at times, has declined. Financial performance has been disappointing in most cases, particularly when understood in the context of the additional system costs imposed through the reconfiguration of bus networks to serve the new rail systems. Low-cost approaches to improving basic transit services can often be more effective than either rail or bus capital-based projects. An obsession with technology leads to the wrong questions being asked. We should instead start inquiry with the study of needs.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 141-179
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640116962
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640116962
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:2:p:141-179
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Watson
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Watson
Title: The effect of railway privatization on train planning: A case study of the UK
Abstract: The restructuring of the UK railway industry in preparation for privatization led to major changes being made to train planning processes. Subsequent train planning problems, some of which became very public, suggest that something went seriously wrong during the development or implementation of these revised processes. This paper investigates what went wrong and why, finding that several factors were involved, including the objectives the new processes were expected to meet and the software that was being developed to support the new processes. There are clear lessons to be learnt from the UK experience to inform debate on future railway restructuring initiatives.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 181-193
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640121328
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640121328
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:2:p:181-193
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon Shaw
Author-X-Name-First: Jon
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw
Title: Competition in the UK passenger railway industry: Prospects and problems
Abstract: The promotion of competition between passenger train operators was a key aim of the 1992- 97 Conservative Government when it privatized British Rail. Although the potential for competition in the market was constrained through regulation at the time of the sale, competition for the market became intense. Regulatory controls are now being relaxed and the promotion of competition remains central to the present Labour Government's rail strategy, particularly in the form of a redefined and reinvigorated franchising programme. It seems to be generally accepted in policy-making circles that it is both possible and desirable to encourage competition in the UK's railway industry on the grounds that it can further enhance service quality across the network. This paper highlights some qualifications to this position and suggests that, for various reasons, a strong policy emphasis on market liberalization may be impractical or unsuitable, at least in the short to medium term.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 195-216
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640118248
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640118248
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:2:p:195-216
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glenn Lyons
Author-X-Name-First: Glenn
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons
Title: Towards integrated traveller information
Abstract: Traveller information provision has become a key government priority in the UK following the publication of its Transport White Paper in July 1998. Developments are already underway for the integration of information systems across different public transport modes and between public transport information systems covering different regions. The Highways Agency (which is responsible for managing the strategic road network in the UK) is also advancing in its development of information databases and systems for the motorist. This paper considers the prospect of providing travellers with multimodal information with integration of driver information with public transport information. If such integration can be achieved then travellers, and in particular drivers, have the prospect of being presented with comparable information on travel options across modes. An integrated information service has a great potential to inform and influence travel choices. The paper considers the issue of travel choices and the role that information can play particularly in the context of mode choice. The political (UK) and technological climate for information provision is outlined. The paper identifies issues that will need to be addressed to identify the requirements from, and potential benefits of, integrated information, and the obstacles and challenges likely to be faced in moving towards it. Driver reactions, in particular, to the prospect of integrated information provision are fundamental to the assessment of its potential importance and value.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 217-235
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640118614
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640118614
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:2:p:217-235
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. M. Grant-Muller
Author-X-Name-First: S. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Grant-Muller
Author-Name: P. MacKie
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: MacKie
Author-Name: J. Nellthorp
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nellthorp
Author-Name: A. Pearman
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearman
Title: Economic appraisal of European transport projects: The state-of-the-art revisited
Abstract: Substantial investment has been made at national and European level in transport infrastructure over the past 50 years and is likely to continue in the future. The need to appraise transport projects in economic and social terms has developed alongside this in both scope and complexity. The state-of-the-art in the economic appraisal of transport projects is reviewed, progress is assessed and future challenges are identified. The review addresses the general framework, treatment of major impacts, presentation of outputs and issues such as uncertainty. It draws on national practice in Western European countries, which varies substantially reflecting a range of cultural and economic differences. Some points of commonality exist and the principle of monetizing direct transport impacts is generally accepted. Progress has been made towards the measurement of environmental impacts, but the assessment of the wider impacts remains under-developed. Increased sophistication and complexity has brought increasing data and presentation requirements, where computerized decision support methods have potential. Many challenges exist for the future of appraisal and the review is concluded with a discussion of some key issues. At the heart of these is the continuing debate over the relative roles of national and European government in decision-making and resource allocation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 237-261
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640119423
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640119423
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:2:p:237-261
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Book reviews
Journal:
Pages: 263-268
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441640010001530
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441640010001530
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:21:y:2001:i:2:p:263-268
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jinhee Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Jinhee
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Author-Name: Soora Rasouli
Author-X-Name-First: Soora
Author-X-Name-Last: Rasouli
Author-Name: Harry J. P. Timmermans
Author-X-Name-First: Harry J. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans
Title: Social networks, social influence and activity-travel behaviour: a review of models and empirical evidence
Abstract:
The study of social networks in activity-travel research has recently gained momentum because social activities and social influence were relatively poorly explained in activity-based models of travel demand. Over the last decade, many scholars have shown interest in identifying personal social networks that constitute an important source of explanation of activity-travel behaviour. This paper seeks to review two research streams: social networks and activity-travel behaviour, and social influence and travel decisions. We classify models, summarise empirical findings and discuss important issues that require further research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 499-523
Issue: 4
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1351500
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1351500
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:4:p:499-523
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samia Sharmin
Author-X-Name-First: Samia
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharmin
Author-Name: Md. Kamruzzaman
Author-X-Name-First: Md.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamruzzaman
Title: Meta-analysis of the relationships between space syntax measures and pedestrian movement
Abstract:
Ample research has been conducted investigating the built environment impacts on pedestrian movement (PM). A clear division is also evident in the literature on this topic: one group tends to use geographic measures (metric distance) of the environment to explain pedestrian behaviour; the other group uses syntactic measures (visual distance). Many review articles have been published on the former. However, relatively little is known about the effect size (ES), directions, and consistency of syntactic measures in explaining PM. This paper fills this gap through a meta-analysis of published and unpublished studies on this topic spanning over 1975–2016, and answers the following five research questions: (a) What are the different measures used in the space syntax literature to explain PM?; (b) What are the magnitudes and directions of associations between space syntax measures and PM?; (c) Which space syntax measure has a more consistent relationship with PM?; (d) To what extent do the explanatory powers of different measures vary between their derivation methods?; and (e) What are the likely causes of variations of the reported results in prior studies? This research examined four syntactic measures (integration, connectivity, choice, and control) in a random effect model with 95% confidence interval (CI). The choice and integration measures were further investigated based on their operational approaches (topological, angular and metric). Results show that integration (ES = 0.206, 95% CI = 0.173–0.238, p < 0.001), choice (ES = 0.481, 95% CI = 0.391–0.561, p < 0.001), and connectivity (ES = 0.305, 95% CI = −0.225–0.696, p = 0.257) measures positively influence PM with choice being the strongest predictor. Both connectivity and control (ES = −0.001, 95% CI = −0.117–0.115, p = 0.990) were found to have a statistically insignificant impact. The choice and integration measures show stronger effects when derived using the angular approach (ES = 0.493 for choice, and ES = 0.502 for integration) compared to topological approach (ES = 0.374 for choice, and ES = 0.124 for integration). However, the reported results of all measures are highly heterogeneous, perhaps due to the differences in research design. The significance, magnitude, and consistency of integration and choice measures justify their relevance in built environment interventions to promote PM.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 524-550
Issue: 4
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1365101
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1365101
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:4:p:524-550
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin X. Li
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin X.
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Mengjie Jin
Author-X-Name-First: Mengjie
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin
Author-Name: Guanqiu Qi
Author-X-Name-First: Guanqiu
Author-X-Name-Last: Qi
Author-Name: Wenming Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Wenming
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Author-Name: Adolf K. Y. Ng
Author-X-Name-First: Adolf K. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ng
Title: Logistics as a driving force for development under the Belt and Road Initiative – the Chinese model for developing countries
Abstract:
An important objective of “the Belt and Road Initiative” is to promote the economic growth of countries in the region. China’s successful development experience, proposed in the initial stage of reform, can be summarised as “Looking for development, building the highway first”. This study is the first to evaluate whether logistics infrastructure has indeed contributed to economic growth by employing an error correction model with panel data from 2003 to 2014. In addition, we compare the influence levels of different sectors of logistics infrastructure in different regions, i.e. developed and developing regions. We focus on developing regions as they represent good development experiences for developing countries in the Silk Road Economic Belt. For developing regions, we find that the most influential factors are telecommunication and airway transportation, which should be the foci of attention in order to promote economic growth and reduce inter-region economic inequalities. The research confirms that logistics is indeed a driving force for economic growth in China, and that the contributions of specific sectors can be a useful reference for developing countries to determine prioritisation of investment in different logistics sectors across regions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 457-478
Issue: 4
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1365276
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1365276
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:4:p:457-478
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chengpeng Wan
Author-X-Name-First: Chengpeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Wan
Author-Name: Zaili Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Zaili
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Di Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Di
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Xinping Yan
Author-X-Name-First: Xinping
Author-X-Name-Last: Yan
Author-Name: Shiqi Fan
Author-X-Name-First: Shiqi
Author-X-Name-Last: Fan
Title: Resilience in transportation systems: a systematic review and future directions
Abstract:
The Belt and Road (B&R) initiative was introduced by the Chinese government to promote the worldwide economic development and multilateral cooperation between China and the associated countries. As a crucial part of global supply chains, transportation plays a key role to ensure the implementation of the B&R. Safety is one of the issues with great importance in transportation research. However, its foci have been expanded from traditional risk through security to resilience and sustainability. Resilience has attracted considerable interests from both researchers and practitioners across different research domains in recent years. Various studies have been conducted on transportation resilience from different perspectives. Consequently, different definitions have been developed to define and describe resilience. This paper presents a systematic review on transportation resilience with emphasis on its definitions, characteristics, and research methods applied in different transportation systems/contexts. It aims to figure out what transportation resilience is and what kind of essential characters it usually has. More importantly, research challenges are analysed and a future research agenda on the resilience of transportation systems is proposed. This paper will provide comprehensive insights into understanding the transportation resilience, as well as establish new horizons for relevant research topics within the context of the B&R.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 479-498
Issue: 4
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1383532
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1383532
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:4:p:479-498
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Liehui Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Liehui
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Yan Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Yan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Cesar Ducruet
Author-X-Name-First: Cesar
Author-X-Name-Last: Ducruet
Author-Name: Mattia Bunel
Author-X-Name-First: Mattia
Author-X-Name-Last: Bunel
Author-Name: Yui-yip Lau
Author-X-Name-First: Yui-yip
Author-X-Name-Last: Lau
Title: From hierarchy to networking: the evolution of the “twenty-first-century Maritime Silk Road” container shipping system
Abstract:
Container shipping gives a rise of international trade since the 1960s. Based on navigation data start from the mid-1990s to 2016, this paper empirically analyses the spatial pattern of China’s international maritime linkages along the “twenty-first-century Maritime Silk Road”. We interpret such evolutionary dynamics in terms of growth, hierarchical diffusion and networking phases. Networking is a new stage of the evolution of the port system, which is approached based on the graph theory, complex network methods and geomatics, the paper discusses the networking’s basic characteristics: multi-hub spatial agglomeration, the connection of the network develops across space, functional differentiation and a division of labour appear among ports. Our results show that, while the scope of China’s maritime linkages had expanded overtime, more foreign ports become connected to the “Maritime Silk Road”. In addition, the external linkages of domestic ports tend to be dispersed, reflecting upon the decline of Pearl River Delta ports and the rise of Yangtze River Delta ports, with mixed evidence for the Bohai Rim region. Lastly, the analysis underlines the emergence of a polycentric shipping system, from the Hong Kong dominance to the more diversified Shanghai/Ningbo/Shenzhen configuration. Academic and managerial implications are included.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 416-435
Issue: 4
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1441923
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1441923
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:4:p:416-435
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jingzheng Ren
Author-X-Name-First: Jingzheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Ren
Author-Name: Liang Dong
Author-X-Name-First: Liang
Author-X-Name-Last: Dong
Author-Name: Lu Sun
Author-X-Name-First: Lu
Author-X-Name-Last: Sun
Title: Competitiveness prioritisation of container ports in Asia under the background of China’s Belt and Road initiative
Abstract:
The understanding of the competitiveness of different ports under the background of China’s “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) is critical for drafting appropriate plans and taking suitable actions to select the best port in the logistics supply chains. A novel Multi-Attribute Decision Analysis (MADA) was proposed for the evaluation of port competitiveness. In the developed MADA method, the interval Analytic Hierarchy Process and the projection method was combined for the evaluation of port competitiveness. Three container ports in Asia including Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Singapore were studied under the background of China’s BRI. The results demonstrate that the port of Singapore is the most competitive at the initial stage of China’s BRI, followed by Hong Kong and Shanghai in the descending order. The results were validated by sum weighted method and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution method, and sensitivity analysis was also carried out. The competitiveness of the three ports in the next ten years were also studied with the consideration of the influences of China’s BRI, and the results reveal that Shanghai port can even exceed Hong Kong port and Singapore port if it can effectively take the advantage s of China’s BRI.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 436-456
Issue: 4
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1451407
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1451407
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:4:p:436-456
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jasmine Siu Lee Lam
Author-X-Name-First: Jasmine Siu Lee
Author-X-Name-Last: Lam
Author-Name: Kevin Patrick Brendan Cullinane
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin Patrick Brendan
Author-X-Name-Last: Cullinane
Author-Name: Paul Tae-Woo Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Paul Tae-Woo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Title: The 21st-century Maritime Silk Road: challenges and opportunities for transport management and practice
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 413-415
Issue: 4
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1453562
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1453562
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:4:p:413-415
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Author-Name: John Pucher
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Pucher
Author-Name: Regine Gerike
Author-X-Name-First: Regine
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerike
Author-Name: Thomas Götschi
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Götschi
Title: Reducing car dependence in the heart of Europe: lessons from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland
Abstract:
Munich, Berlin, Hamburg, Vienna, and Zurich – the largest cities in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland – have significantly reduced the car share of trips over the past 25 years in spite of high motorisation rates. The key to their success has been a coordinated package of mutually reinforcing transport and land-use policies that have made car use slower, less convenient, and more costly, while increasing the safety, convenience, and feasibility of walking, cycling, and public transport. The mix of policies implemented in each city has been somewhat different. The German cities have done far more to promote cycling, while Zurich and Vienna offer more public transport service per capita at lower fares. All five of the cities have implemented roughly the same policies to promote walking, foster compact mixed-use development, and discourage car use. Of the car-restrictive policies, parking management has been by far the most important. The five case study cities demonstrate that it is possible to reduce car dependence even in affluent societies with high levels of car ownership and high expectations for quality of travel.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 4-28
Issue: 1
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1177799
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1177799
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:1:p:4-28
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Aldred
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldred
Author-Name: Bridget Elliott
Author-X-Name-First: Bridget
Author-X-Name-Last: Elliott
Author-Name: James Woodcock
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodcock
Author-Name: Anna Goodman
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodman
Title: Cycling provision separated from motor traffic: a systematic review exploring whether stated preferences vary by gender and age
Abstract:
In this paper, we represent a systematic review of stated preference studies examining the extent to which cycle infrastructure preferences vary by gender and by age. A search of online, English-language academic and policy literature was followed by a three-stage screening process to identify relevant studies. We found 54 studies that investigated whether preferences for cycle infrastructure varied by gender and/or by age. Forty-four of these studies considered the extent of separation from motor traffic. The remainder of the studies covered diverse topics, including preferred winter maintenance methods and attitudes to cycle track lighting. We found that women reported stronger preferences than men for greater separation from motor traffic. There was weaker evidence of stronger preferences among older people. Differences in preferences were quantitative rather than qualitative; that is, preferences for separated infrastructure were stronger in some groups than in others, but no group preferred integration with motor traffic. Thus, in low-cycling countries seeking to increase cycling, this evidence suggests focusing on the stronger preferences of under-represented groups as a necessary element of universal design for cycling.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 29-55
Issue: 1
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1200156
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1200156
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:1:p:29-55
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michiel C. J. Bliemer
Author-X-Name-First: Michiel C. J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bliemer
Author-Name: Mark P. H. Raadsen
Author-X-Name-First: Mark P. H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Raadsen
Author-Name: Luuk J. N. Brederode
Author-X-Name-First: Luuk J. N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brederode
Author-Name: Michael G. H. Bell
Author-X-Name-First: Michael G. H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bell
Author-Name: Luc J. J. Wismans
Author-X-Name-First: Luc J. J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wismans
Author-Name: Mike J. Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Mike J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Title: Genetics of traffic assignment models for strategic transport planning
Abstract:
This paper presents a review and classification of traffic assignment models for strategic transport planning purposes by using concepts analogous to genetics in biology. Traffic assignment models share the same theoretical framework (DNA), but differ in capability (genes). We argue that all traffic assignment models can be described by three genes. The first gene determines the spatial capability (unrestricted, capacity restrained, capacity constrained, and capacity and storage constrained) described by four spatial assumptions (shape of the fundamental diagram, capacity constraints, storage constraints, and turn flow restrictions). The second gene determines the temporal capability (static, semi-dynamic, and dynamic) described by three temporal assumptions (wave speeds, vehicle propagation speeds, and residual traffic transfer). The third gene determines the behavioural capability (all-or-nothing, one shot, and equilibrium) described by two behavioural assumptions (decision-making and travel time consideration). This classification provides a deeper understanding of the often implicit assumptions made in traffic assignment models described in the literature. It further allows for comparing different models in terms of functionality, and paves the way for developing novel traffic assignment models.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 56-78
Issue: 1
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1207211
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1207211
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:1:p:56-78
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Makena Coffman
Author-X-Name-First: Makena
Author-X-Name-Last: Coffman
Author-Name: Paul Bernstein
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernstein
Author-Name: Sherilyn Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Sherilyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Wee
Title: Electric vehicles revisited: a review of factors that affect adoption
Abstract:
Electric vehicles (EVs) were recently reintroduced to the global car market. These are an improvement over their predecessors in performance and electric driving range. Although the uptake of EVs has been notable in a short period of time, most government goals for adoption have not been met. This paper reviews a growing body of peer-reviewed literature assessing factors affecting EV adoption. Several important gaps in knowledge are identified. First, there is mixed evidence of the effectiveness of government incentives in encouraging EV uptake and particularly little knowledge in regards to issues of timing and magnitude. The literature shows that public charging infrastructure is an important factor associated with EV uptake, though the direction of causality is yet unclear. Public charging infrastructure can ease range anxiety, particularly for battery electric vehicles, but there is little guidance as to the way in which government should best go about ensuring the provision of infrastructure. Lastly, the nascent EV market means that studies primarily rely on surveys about hypothetical situations. There is strong evidence that actual purchases are much lower than consumers’ stated preferences. Improving understanding of this “attitude–action” gap is important to better informing studies of EV uptake over time.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 79-93
Issue: 1
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1217282
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1217282
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:1:p:79-93
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paal Brevik Wangsness
Author-X-Name-First: Paal Brevik
Author-X-Name-Last: Wangsness
Author-Name: Kenneth Løvold Rødseth
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth Løvold
Author-X-Name-Last: Rødseth
Author-Name: Wiljar Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Wiljar
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Title: A review of guidelines for including wider economic impacts in transport appraisal
Abstract:
In this paper we examine how 23 industrialised countries treat wider economic impacts (WEIs) in transport appraisals. We identify 12 different types of impacts based on these countries’ appraisal guidelines. Agglomeration impacts and Production changes in imperfect markets are the most widely accepted, being recognised by 14 and 10 countries, respectively. However, about half of the impacts are mentioned by only one country, and few recommend including the impacts directly in cost–benefit analyses. Several countries provide provisos or criteria that must be met before WEIs can be assessed in the first place. We found method recommendations for quantifying WEIs in 10 countries. However, with the exception of the UK Department for Transport’s (DfT) methodological framework, there is very little international consensus on the choice of appropriate methods. Our findings thus supplement and reinforce the conclusions from the Norwegian Official Report of the Hagen Committee [NOU 2012:16. (2012). Samfunnsøkonomiske analyser. Oslo: Departementenes servicesenter] that there is currently no established consensus on the magnitude and relevance of WEIs, or on how and which of these impacts should be taken into account in transport appraisals. Recommendations for further research and appraisal practices are provided.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 94-115
Issue: 1
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1217283
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1217283
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:1:p:94-115
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moshe Givoni
Author-X-Name-First: Moshe
Author-X-Name-Last: Givoni
Title: Why review?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-3
Issue: 1
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1230169
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1230169
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:1:p:1-3
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco Parola
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Parola
Author-Name: Marcello Risitano
Author-X-Name-First: Marcello
Author-X-Name-Last: Risitano
Author-Name: Marco Ferretti
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferretti
Author-Name: Eva Panetti
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Panetti
Title: The drivers of port competitiveness: a critical review
Abstract:
Academic research on port competitiveness has so far focused on the identification of the drivers of port competitiveness and their measurement. This paper argues that the port competitiveness and its drivers are significantly affected by major changes in maritime industry, which scholars have not sufficiently addressed. Therefore, the manuscript explores the multidimensional nature of “port competitiveness” by conducting a systematic literature review of leading peer-reviewed international journals, between the 1983 and 2014 time frame. The analysis allows a profound understanding and a categorisation of the main drivers of port competitiveness. Main findings present a hierarchy of key drivers and suggest that major industry transformations moderate the influential role of traditional drivers and reshuffle their relative salience. The study also identifies some unexplored research areas for future studies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 116-138
Issue: 1
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1231232
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1231232
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:1:p:116-138
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew R. Goetz
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Goetz
Title: Transport challenges in rapidly growing cities: is there a magic bullet?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 701-705
Issue: 6
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1654201
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1654201
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:6:p:701-705
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jana A. Hirsch
Author-X-Name-First: Jana A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hirsch
Author-Name: Joshua Stratton-Rayner
Author-X-Name-First: Joshua
Author-X-Name-Last: Stratton-Rayner
Author-Name: Meghan Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Meghan
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Author-Name: John Stehlin
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Stehlin
Author-Name: Kate Hosford
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Hosford
Author-Name: Stephen J. Mooney
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mooney
Title: Roadmap for free-floating bikeshare research and practice in North America
Abstract:
The deployment of smartphone-operated, non-station-based bicycle fleets (“dockless” or “free-floating” bikeshare) represents a new generation of bikesharing. Users locate bikes in these free-floating systems using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and lock bikes in place at their destinations. In this paper, we review current free-floating bikesharing systems in North America and discuss priorities for future research and practice. Since launching in 2017, free-floating bikeshare has expanded rapidly to encompass 200+ systems operating 40,000+ bikes within 150+ cities. In contrast with previous systems, free-floating systems operate almost exclusively using commercial “for-profit” models, amidst concerns of financial sustainability. Governance for these systems is in early stages and can include operating fees, fleet size caps, safety requirements, parking restrictions, data sharing, and equity obligations. We identify research and practice gaps within the themes of usage, equity, sharing resources, business model, and context. While some existing bikesharing literature translates to free-floating systems, novel topics arise due to the ubiquity, fluidity, and business models of these new systems. Systems have numerous obstacles to overcome for long-term sustainability, including barriers common to station-based systems: limited supportive infrastructure, equity, theft or vandalism, and funding. Other unique obstacles arise in free-floating bikeshare around parking, sidewalk right of ways, varied bicycle types, and data sharing. This review offers background in and critical reflection on the rapidly evolving free-floating bikeshare landscape, including priorities for future research and practice. If concerns can be overcome, free-floating bikeshare may provide unprecedented opportunities to bypass congested streets, encourage physical activity, and support urban sustainability.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 706-732
Issue: 6
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1649318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1649318
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:6:p:706-732
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miguel Padeiro
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: Padeiro
Author-Name: Ana Louro
Author-X-Name-First: Ana
Author-X-Name-Last: Louro
Author-Name: Nuno Marques da Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Nuno Marques
Author-X-Name-Last: da Costa
Title: Transit-oriented development and gentrification: a systematic review
Abstract:
The last two decades have witnessed a growing trend towards transit-oriented development (TOD) as a critical approach for achieving sustainable mobility. However, some analysts and community activists have expressed concerns that TOD could induce gentrification and potential concomitant low-income group displacements. This paper presents a systematic review of 35 quantitative research-based studies presenting evidence on gentrification outcomes resulting from transit-based interventions, published between 2000 and 2018. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review on this topic and thus provides a useful synthesis of current empirical evidence on transit-induced gentrification. Although there is some evidence supporting the transit-induced gentrification hypothesis, methodological flaws render many of the studies’ conclusions highly questionable. The findings suggest that gentrification is more closely associated with existing local dynamics, built environment attributes, and accompanying policies than transit-oriented development. In its critical analysis of research approaches, this paper warns that the incorporation of several sources of bias into study designs may engender a number of misinterpretations, thus ultimately leading to misguided conclusions and policies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 733-754
Issue: 6
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1649316
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1649316
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:6:p:733-754
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dong Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Dong
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Lingxiao Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Lingxiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Shuaian Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Shuaian
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Haiying Jia
Author-X-Name-First: Haiying
Author-X-Name-Last: Jia
Author-Name: Kevin X. Li
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin X.
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: How big data enriches maritime research – a critical review of Automatic Identification System (AIS) data applications
Abstract:
The information-rich vessel movement data provided by the Automatic Identification System (AIS) has gained much popularity over the past decade, during which the employment of satellite-based receivers has enabled wide coverage and improved data quality. The application of AIS data has developed from simply navigation-oriented research to now include trade flow estimation, emission accounting, and vessel performance monitoring. The AIS now provides high frequency, real-time positioning and sailing patterns for almost the whole world's commercial fleet, and therefore, in combination with supplementary databases and analyses, AIS data has arguably kickstarted the era of digitisation in the shipping industry. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive review of the literature regarding AIS applications by dividing it into three development stages, namely, basic application, extended application, and advanced application. Each stage contains two to three application fields, and in total we identified seven application fields, including (1) AIS data mining, (2) navigation safety, (3) ship behaviour analysis, (4) environmental evaluation, (5) trade analysis, (6) ship and port performance, and (7) Arctic shipping. We found that the original application of AIS data to navigation safety has, with the improvement of data accessibility, evolved into diverse applications in various directions. Moreover, we summarised the major methodologies in the literature into four categories, these being (1) data processing and mining, (2) index measurement, (3) causality analysis, and (4) operational research. Undoubtedly, the applications of AIS data will be further expanded in the foreseeable future. This will not only provide a more comprehensive understanding of voyage performance and allow researchers to examine shipping market dynamics from the micro level, but also the abundance of AIS data may also open up the rather opaque aspect of how shipping companies release information to external authorities, including the International Maritime Organization, port states, scientists and researchers. It is expected that more multi-disciplinary AIS studies will emerge in the coming years. We believe that this study will shed further light on the future development of AIS studies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 755-773
Issue: 6
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1649315
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1649315
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:6:p:755-773
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marina Cavalieri
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Cavalieri
Author-Name: Rossana Cristaudo
Author-X-Name-First: Rossana
Author-X-Name-Last: Cristaudo
Author-Name: Calogero Guccio
Author-X-Name-First: Calogero
Author-X-Name-Last: Guccio
Title: Tales on the dark side of the transport infrastructure provision: a systematic literature review of the determinants of cost overruns
Abstract:
Cost overruns are an endemic feature of the provision of transport infrastructure worldwide. In recent decades, a considerable amount of studies has been devoted to assessing the magnitude and determinants of cost overruns in the transportation sector. However, the empirical findings are scattered between different strands of literature, ranging from the fields of construction engineering and management to that of applied economics. To shed light on the determinants of cost overruns in the execution of transport infrastructure projects, we conduct a systematic review of the empirical literature on the topic. Of the 945 articles retrieved, 26 articles published between 2000 and 2016 meet our inclusion criteria. For them, we describe the different empirical approaches, we provide a classification of the determinants employed in the analyses and summarise their impact on cost overruns. Finally, we suggest some directions for further research in the field.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 774-794
Issue: 6
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1636895
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1636895
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:6:p:774-794
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Timothy F. Welch
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Welch
Author-Name: Alyas Widita
Author-X-Name-First: Alyas
Author-X-Name-Last: Widita
Title: Big data in public transportation: a review of sources and methods
Abstract:
The collection of big data, as an alternative to traditional resource-intensive manual data collection approaches, has become significantly more feasible over the past decade. The availability of such data, coupled with more sophisticated predictive statistical techniques, has contributed to an increase in attention towards the application of these data, particularly for transportation analysis. Within the transportation literature, there is a growing emphasis on developing sources of commonly collected public transportation data into more powerful analytical tools. A commonly held belief is that application of big data to transportation problems will yield new insights previously unattainable through traditional transportation data sets. However, there exist many ambiguities related to what constitutes big data, the ethical implications of big data collection and application, and how to best utilize the emerging data sets. The existing literature exploring big data provides no clear and consistent definition. While the collection of big data has grown and its application in both research and practice continues to expand, there is a significant disparity between methods of analysis applied to such data. This paper summarizes the recent literature on sources of big data and commonly applied methods used in its application to public transportation problems. We assess predominant big data sources, most frequently studied topics, and methodologies employed. The literature suggests smart card and automated data are the two big data sources most frequently used by researchers to conduct public transit analyses. The studies reviewed indicate that big data has largely been used to understand transit users’ travel behavior and to assess public transit service quality. The techniques reported in the literature largely mirror those used with smaller data sets. The application of more advanced statistical methods, commonly associated with big data, has been limited to a small number of studies. In order to fully capture the value of big data, new approaches to analysis will be necessary.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 795-818
Issue: 6
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1616849
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1616849
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:6:p:795-818
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ubaid Illahi
Author-X-Name-First: Ubaid
Author-X-Name-Last: Illahi
Title: Transport planning and traffic safety: making cities, roads, and vehicles safer
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 819-820
Issue: 6
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1552632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1552632
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:6:p:819-820
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Polzin
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Polzin
Title: Trains, Buses, People: An Opinionated Atlas of US Transit
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 820-822
Issue: 6
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1568318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1568318
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:6:p:820-822
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans-Martin Niemeier
Author-X-Name-First: Hans-Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Niemeier
Title: Air transport liberalization: a critical assessment
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 822-824
Issue: 6
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1568319
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1568319
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:6:p:822-824
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sergio Oliete Josa
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliete Josa
Title: Taken for a ride – grounding neoliberalism, precarious labour, and public transport in an African metropolis
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 824-826
Issue: 6
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1569171
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1569171
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:6:p:824-826
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Shaheen
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaheen
Title: Parking and the city
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 826-827
Issue: 6
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1612481
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1612481
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:6:p:826-827
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editor's introduction
Journal:
Pages: 247-247
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/014416403200000070891
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/014416403200000070891
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:3:p:247-247
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henry Kerali
Author-X-Name-First: Henry
Author-X-Name-Last: Kerali
Title: Economic appraisal of road projects in countries with developing and transition economies
Abstract: Road investments in developing and transition economies constitute a large proportion of public investment programmes. It is therefore important that decisions about investments in roads are made on the basis of objective indicators estimated for the proposed road projects. Economic appraisal models provide an objective framework for the assessment of the benefits derived from investments in road infrastructure. These models incorporate an economic appraisal framework based on the concept of life-cycle cost analysis, in which the annual costs of construction and maintenance of one or more road investment alternatives are compared against a base case (without project) alternative in order to estimate the corresponding reduction in vehicle operation costs. Other benefits or costs can be included within the economic appraisal framework if they can be externally quantified. The results from the economic appraisal of road projects in developing and transition economies often show that benefits to be derived from investments in maintenance and rehabilitation of existing roads far exceed those from construction of new roads. The models also show that where there is significant traffic congestion, investments in capacity expansion can produce high economic returns provided the value assigned to travel time is realistic.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 249-262
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000068920
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000068920
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:3:p:249-262
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Silcock
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Silcock
Title: Preventing death and injury on the world's roads
Abstract: The problem of deaths and injury as a result of road crashes is now acknowledged to be a global phenomenon with authorities in virtually all countries concerned about the growth in the number of people killed and seriously injured on their roads. The World Health Organization has declared that its annual World Health Day in 2004 will have the theme 'Safe Roads', and several organizations, including the World Bank and the Global Road Safety Partnership, are supporting this initiative to raise the profile of road safety in the public and political minds.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 263-273
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000083130
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000083130
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:3:p:263-273
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Poul Pedersen
Author-X-Name-First: Poul
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedersen
Title: Development of freight transport and logistics in Sub-Saharan Africa: Taaffe, Morrill and Gould revisited
Abstract: Forty years ago on the eve of the colonial period, Edward Taaffe, Richard Morrill and Peter Gould published a paper on transport in the developing countries that during the 1970s and 1980s became widely accepted as a model of the transport development during colonial and post-colonial rules. On the basis of data from Ghana and Nigeria, they presented a phase model of how the transport system during the colonial period had become increasingly focused on the largest national export ports and foresaw the development after independence of an integrated transport network more supportive of national development. The present paper attempts, on the basis of a detailed study of the last 40 years' development of transport, primarily in Ghana, but supplemented by similar data from Zimbabwe and East Africa, to see to what extent their model has held true in reality. Unfortunately, it has not. Contrary to expectations, the concentration of the export flows has continued, not through port concentration as before, but through the concentration of the shipping industry. There have also been few signs of the integrated network that Taaffe et al. expected or hoped would develop.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 275-297
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000091681
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000091681
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:3:p:275-297
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Fouracre
Author-X-Name-First: Phil
Author-X-Name-Last: Fouracre
Author-Name: Christian Dunkerley
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Dunkerley
Author-Name: Geoff Gardner
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff
Author-X-Name-Last: Gardner
Title: Mass rapid transit systems for cities in the developing world
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 299-310
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000083095
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000083095
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:3:p:299-310
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Louis Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Louis
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Title: Changing railway structure and ownership: Is anything working?
Abstract: Railway structures are changing, with the old integrated monoliths slowly giving way to more complex structures, including forms of multiple access to infrastructure with the dominant user still in charge, and forms of more independent ownership of infrastructure with all authorized users being equal access tenants. At the same time, changes in ownership structure are being explored, from allowing some private operators on public facilities--and public operators on private facilities-to outright privatization. In all cases, concomitant changes, particularly labour restructuring, are emerging as critical. What are the approaches available, where are they being tried and are they working? There is actually a wide range of different experiments, some in surprising places, with changes in structure or in ownership, sometimes both at the same time. Mixed answers are emerging that work (better, if not perfectly). The problem of labour can be addressed as well. Although there is no fixed recipe for success, the issues are beginning to be better understood and useful alternative approaches are emerging that improve, but which do not guarantee, the chances of survival of the rail mode.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 311-355
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000101201
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000101201
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:3:p:311-355
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Book reviews
Journal:
Pages: 357-371
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/0144164032000046285
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144164032000046285
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:23:y:2003:i:3:p:357-371
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Hickman
Author-X-Name-First: Robin
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickman
Title: Planning the mobile metropolis. Transport for people, places and the planet
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 678-679
Issue: 5
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1355856
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1355856
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:5:p:678-679
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Dudley
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Dudley
Title: Creative destruction and the sharing economy. Uber as disruptive innovation
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 679-681
Issue: 5
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1365277
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1365277
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:5:p:679-681
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thiago Allis
Author-X-Name-First: Thiago
Author-X-Name-Last: Allis
Author-Name: Carla Fraga
Author-X-Name-First: Carla
Author-X-Name-Last: Fraga
Title: Tourism, public transport and sustainable mobility
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 681-683
Issue: 5
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1366957
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1366957
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:5:p:681-683
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wouter Boon
Author-X-Name-First: Wouter
Author-X-Name-Last: Boon
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee
Title: Influence of 3D printing on transport: a theory and experts judgment based conceptual model
Abstract:
Consumer 3D printing is on the rise and has the potential to significantly change the transport and logistics sector. Current literature on 3D printing and transport studies does not provide a systematic model of the impact of 3D printing on transport and related (policy relevant) areas, such as traffic safety, location decisions, accessibility and environmental effects. Based on a literature review and two rounds of expert consultation, we propose and refine a conceptual model as a way to approach this gap in the literature. The expert consultation yields that the conceptual model comprises the relevant and important elements for assessing the impact of 3D printing on transport and transport-related challenges. Location, needs and transport resistance are important: (a) city-level hubs are the most likely locations for 3D printers because they can coordinate material flows and gather expertise; (b) mass-individualisation and personification dictates the needs for 3D printers; (c) distribution networks will be organised more efficiently, less empty vehicles, but raw materials still need shipping. However, experts’ opinions diverged on the impact of 3D printing on transport volumes and environmental impacts.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 556-575
Issue: 5
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1370036
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1370036
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:5:p:556-575
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralph Gakenheimer
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Gakenheimer
Title: Transportation. Land use and integration, applications in developing countries
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 683-684
Issue: 5
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1370505
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1370505
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:5:p:683-684
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Esra Suel
Author-X-Name-First: Esra
Author-X-Name-Last: Suel
Author-Name: John W. Polak
Author-X-Name-First: John W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Polak
Title: Incorporating online shopping into travel demand modelling: challenges, progress, and opportunities
Abstract:
There is a large body of literature, spanning multiple disciplines, concerned with the relationship between traditional (physical) shopping and associated travel behaviour. However, despite the recent rapid growth of digital retailing and online shopping, the impact on travel behaviour remain poorly understood. Although the issue of the substitution and complementarity between conventional and virtual retail channels has been extensively explored, few attempts have been made to extend this work so as to incorporate virtual retail channels into modelling frameworks that can link shopping and mobility decisions. Here, we review the existing literature base with a focus on most relevant dimensions for personal mobility. How online activity can be incorporated into operational transport demand models and benefits of such effort are discussed. Existing frameworks of shopping demand are flexible and can, in principle, be extended to incorporate virtual shopping and the associated additional complexities. However, there are significant challenges associated with lack of standard ontologies for crucial concepts and insufficiencies in traditional data collection methods. Also, supply-side questions facing businesses and policy-makers are changing as retailing goes through a digital transformation. Opportunities and priorities need to be defined for future research directions for an assessment of existing tools and frameworks.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 576-601
Issue: 5
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1381864
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1381864
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:5:p:576-601
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Damien J. Melis
Author-X-Name-First: Damien J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Melis
Author-Name: Jose M. Silva
Author-X-Name-First: Jose M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva
Author-Name: Richard C.K. Yeun
Author-X-Name-First: Richard C.K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Yeun
Title: Impact of biometric and anthropometric characteristics of passengers on aircraft safety and performance
Abstract:
Demand for commercial air travel has been increasing over the years and recent forecasts indicate similar future trends. New aircraft with enhanced design features are being built and entering the airline service globally. These enhancements aim to ensure continued safety, efficiency, performance and prolonged life serviceability. However, these new enhancements often neglect the impact of the changing anthropometric characteristics of the passenger. Past studies have identified increasing trends in the average weight, height and other anthropometrical and biometrical measures of people at a global scale. However, many are limited to only exploring the ramifications primarily from the perspective of passenger experience. This paper highlights the importance of considering passengers’ anthropometric characteristics from a holistic perspective and identifies gaps for future research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 602-624
Issue: 5
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1396264
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1396264
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:5:p:602-624
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xu Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Xu
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Martin Treiber
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Treiber
Author-Name: Venkatesan Kanagaraj
Author-X-Name-First: Venkatesan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanagaraj
Author-Name: Haiying Li
Author-X-Name-First: Haiying
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: Social force models for pedestrian traffic – state of the art
Abstract:
Pedestrian simulation plays an important role in the fields of transport station management, building evacuation and safety management of large public events. Among the continuous pedestrian flow models, the social force model is one of the most widespread and supports all of the above use cases. Since its initial proposal by Helbing and Molnar [(1995). Social force model for pedestrian dynamics. Physical Review E, 51, 4282], many improvements of the social force model have been put forward for solving various, but mostly specific, problems. However, an up-to-date and essentially comprehensive review bringing all the model variants into a common context is missing. In this paper, we propose such a framework in terms of assessment criteria for pedestrian models considering pedestrian attributes, motion base cases, self-organisation phenomena and some special cases. Starting with the initial version of Helbing and Molnar [(1995). Social force model for pedestrian dynamics. Physical Review E, 51, 4282] and the escape panic version of Helbing, Farkas, and Vicsek [(2000a). Simulating dynamical features of escape panic. Nature, 407, 487–490], we classify the improvements and assess their degree of the improvements. Further discussion is presented from the perspectives of description ability, parameter calibration and flexible application in a complex environment.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 625-653
Issue: 5
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1396265
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1396265
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:5:p:625-653
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Haitao Yu
Author-X-Name-First: Haitao
Author-X-Name-Last: Yu
Title: A review of input–output models on multisectoral modelling of transportation–economic linkages
Abstract:
Understanding the role of transportation in urban and regional economy is a persistent analytical topic within the transportation research community. Multi-sectoral input–output (IO) modelling, as a standard economic analysis tool, has great advantages in reflecting industrial interdependencies in an economy. The simplicity of IO and the well-known concept of multiplier effect also make it broadly used in both academia and practice. This paper provides an introduction of IO models and reviews the past IO studies from 2000 onward on modelling transportation–economic linkages. The following types of models are included: single-region, multi-region and random utility-based multi-region IO models, with central methodological features described. An evaluation of modelling issues brought to light by reviewing the literature is then presented. For future research, more critical attention should be directed towards IO’s modelling assumptions, spatial linkages and the static representation of the economy. In addition, there are needs for more attention in the following areas: sectoral aggregation, specification of household sector and the integration with transportation forecasting models. The paper concludes with brief recommendations on future IO applications.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 654-677
Issue: 5
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1406557
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1406557
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:5:p:654-677
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric J. Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Eric J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Title: Accessibility: measurement and application in transportation planning
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 551-555
Issue: 5
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1492778
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1492778
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:5:p:551-555
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eda Beyazit
Author-X-Name-First: Eda
Author-X-Name-Last: Beyazit
Title: Achieving Sustainable Mobility—Everyday and Leisure-time Travel in the EU
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 807-808
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.573103
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.573103
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:6:p:807-808
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kris Braekers
Author-X-Name-First: Kris
Author-X-Name-Last: Braekers
Author-Name: Gerrit Janssens
Author-X-Name-First: Gerrit
Author-X-Name-Last: Janssens
Author-Name: An Caris
Author-X-Name-First: An
Author-X-Name-Last: Caris
Title: Challenges in Managing Empty Container Movements at Multiple Planning Levels
Abstract: Empty container management deals with repositioning empty containers at minimum costs while fulfilling empty container demands. Due to imbalances in trade, some areas have a surplus of empty containers, while others have a shortage. Therefore, empty containers need to be repositioned globally to make sure that sufficient empty containers are available everywhere. Besides, empty containers need to be repositioned regionally between shippers, consignees, inland depots, terminals and ports in order to fulfil demand. In this paper, the focus is on the empty container management problem at a regional level. The problem is described in detail and opportunities for reducing empty container movements are discussed. Decisions to be taken at each planning level (strategic, tactical and operational) are described, and for each planning level, a detailed overview of planning models proposed in the literature is presented. Planning models considering decisions at several planning levels are discussed as well. Finally, interesting opportunities for future research are identified.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 681-708
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.584979
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.584979
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:6:p:681-708
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre Cariou
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Cariou
Author-Name: Francois-Charles Wolff
Author-X-Name-First: Francois-Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolff
Title: Ship-Owners' Decisions to Outsource Vessel Management
Abstract: Shipping companies frequently outsource the management of their vessels. In this paper, we use data from Lloyd's Register Fairplay [(2009) IHS Fairplay World shipping encyclopaedia. Available at http://www.ihs.com/products/maritime-information/ships/world-shipping-encyclopedia.aspx?pu=1&rd=ihsfairplay_com] on 45 456 vessels belonging to 9580 different ship-owners to investigate the extent of outsourcing in shipping and to identify the key factors affecting the likelihood of outsourcing. The results of our econometric analysis indicate that ship-owners' decisions to outsource are explained by the characteristics of the vessels in question (age, type and size) and the characteristics of the ship-owner (country of domiciliation and number of vessels). In addition, a specific country effect is identified for Greek ship-owners, which is in line with the findings of previous studies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 709-724
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.587907
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.587907
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:6:p:709-724
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Chatman
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Chatman
Author-Name: Robert Noland
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Noland
Title: Do Public Transport Improvements Increase Agglomeration Economies? A Review of Literature and an Agenda for Research
Abstract: Public transport improvements may increase economic productivity if they enable the growth and densification of cities, downtowns, or industrial clusters and thereby increase external agglomeration economies. It has been argued that the potential agglomeration benefits are large; if so, understanding them better would be useful in making funding decisions about public transport improvements. We reviewed theoretical and empirical literature on agglomeration as well as a small number of articles on transportation's role in agglomeration. The theoretical literature is useful in understanding possible avenues by which transportation improvements might affect agglomeration, although there is little discussion of public transport specifically. Relevant empirical studies tend to focus on metropolitan regions and use a generalized measure of transportation cost. But public transport impacts on agglomeration are likely to be different from road investment impacts. We identified several ways of conducting research building on this literature that would help evaluate the agglomeration impacts of public transport proposals: tracing the links between transport, agglomeration, and productivity; better motivating research using theories of agglomeration mechanisms; taking scale and redistribution into account; exploring the functional form of agglomeration economies; accounting for endogeneity in model structure; and considering development context.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 725-742
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.587908
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.587908
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:6:p:725-742
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Zhong Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Zhong
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Author-Name: Piya Chootinan
Author-X-Name-First: Piya
Author-X-Name-Last: Chootinan
Author-Name: Seungkyu Ryu
Author-X-Name-First: Seungkyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Ryu
Author-Name: Chao Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Chao
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: S. Wong
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Title: Transport Network Design Problem under Uncertainty: A Review and New Developments
Abstract: This paper aims to provide a state-of-the-art review of the transport network design problem (NDP) under uncertainty and to present some new developments on a bi-objective-reliable NDP (BORNDP) model that explicitly optimizes the capacity reliability and travel time reliability under demand uncertainty. Both are useful performance measures that can describe the supply-side reliability and demand-side reliability of a road network. A simulation-based multi-objective genetic algorithm solution procedure, which consists of a traffic assignment algorithm, a genetic algorithm, a Pareto filter, and a Monte-Carlo simulation, is developed to solve the proposed BORNDP model. A numerical example based on the capacity enhancement problem is presented to demonstrate the tradeoff between capacity reliability and travel time reliability in the NDP.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 743-768
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.589539
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.589539
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:6:p:743-768
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Doron Lavee
Author-X-Name-First: Doron
Author-X-Name-Last: Lavee
Author-Name: Gilat Beniad
Author-X-Name-First: Gilat
Author-X-Name-Last: Beniad
Author-Name: Charles Solomon
Author-X-Name-First: Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Solomon
Title: The Effect of Investment in Transportation Infrastructure on the Debt-to-GDP Ratio
Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between investment in transportation infrastructure capital and the debt-to-gross domestic product (GDP) ratio. We analyse the effect of bringing forward investment originally planned for future years to be executed during times of economic crisis and also consider the possible advantages of carrying out such investments with private sector financing. This paper presents a model which shows how policy aimed to encourage investment in transportation infrastructure projects through private sector participation may help raise long-term GDP and thus lead to a lower debt-to-GDP ratio. The theoretical model is then applied to current empirical data from Israel.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 769-789
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.596581
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.596581
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:6:p:769-789
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Tae-Woo Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Tae-Woo Lee
Author-Name: Matthew Flynn
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Flynn
Title: Charting a New Paradigm of Container Hub Port Development Policy: The Asian Doctrine
Abstract: This paper proposes the conceptual model of the Asian (Port) Doctrine to explain the successful development of top ranking container ports in Asia during the past four decades. This paper draws a new paradigm for the role of government as a third governance approach in addition to Anglo-Saxon and European doctrines by describing how Asian countries have developed container hub ports by investing in infrastructure as social overhead capital to support export-led growth. We survey characteristics and outcomes in major Asian container port developments and one European port in terms of a port development policy. The findings are presented in a comparative overview of government investment in functional elements of port, maritime infrastructure and landside connections to container ports. This paper confirms that the existing two doctrines—Anglo-Saxon and European doctrines—are not sufficient to explain the Asian success in major container port developments. The proposed framework contends that a newly proposed Asian Doctrine can accomplish this with the help of cross-subsidization, strategic and administered port pricing mechanism.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 791-806
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.597005
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.597005
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:6:p:791-806
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial Board
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.632756
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.632756
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:6:p:ebi-ebi
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Wanke
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Wanke
Author-Name: Rafael Garcia Barbastefano
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael Garcia
Author-X-Name-Last: Barbastefano
Author-Name: Maria Fernanda Hijjar
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Fernanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Hijjar
Title: Determinants of Efficiency at Major Brazilian Port Terminals
Abstract: This paper reports on the use of different approaches for measuring the efficiency of major Brazilian port terminals. Two of the most important approaches, DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) and SFA (Stochastic Frontier Analysis), were performed on data collected from 25 terminals. The findings indicate that the majority of Brazilian terminals are running short on capacity due to the export boom that has occurred over the past few years and due to the lack of investment in capacity expansion. Furthermore, efficiency measurements derived from a reduced model with only one input and one output were explained based on variables such as type of cargo handled (container or bulk), connectivity of the terminal to railroads, and control (state or private) of the terminal. Implications and directions for future research are explored.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 653-677
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.547635
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.547635
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:5:p:653-677
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nihan Akyelken
Author-X-Name-First: Nihan
Author-X-Name-Last: Akyelken
Title: The Economic Geography of the UK
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 679-680
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.555015
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.555015
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:5:p:679-680
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: María Feo-Valero
Author-X-Name-First: María
Author-X-Name-Last: Feo-Valero
Author-Name: Leandro García-Menéndez
Author-X-Name-First: Leandro
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Menéndez
Author-Name: Rodrigo Garrido-Hidalgo
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo
Author-X-Name-Last: Garrido-Hidalgo
Title: Valuing Freight Transport Time using Transport Demand Modelling: A Bibliographical Review
Abstract: The value of time for freight transport is of major importance in infrastructure-related cost–benefit analysis and yet its study has been largely neglected when compared with its passenger counterpart. In fact, one of the attributes that could decide the profitability of a project is how much can be saved if freight vehicles use new infrastructure. Despite being the primary benefit of most investments in transport infrastructure, researchers have not yet reached agreement over either the size or the nature of the values of time that should be used when evaluating projects. This article provides a review of the estimation of freight value of time through transport demand modelling and extant empirical evidence on this topic. Similarly, the bibliographic review of studies undertaken has allowed us to pinpoint the most critical issues when modelling freight transport demand and the position of various research teams regarding these aspects. Such issues include identifying the decision-maker, heterogeneity in the transport flows and transport attributes considered by decision-makers.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 625-651
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.564330
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.564330
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:5:p:625-651
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Author-Name: Gerard De Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Gerard
Author-X-Name-Last: De Jong
Author-Name: Hans Nijland
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijland
Title: Accelerating Car Scrappage: A Review of Research into the Environmental Impacts
Abstract: This paper reviews the literature on policies that aim to accelerate car scrappage and on related models. We conclude that substantial model efforts have been made to capture the direct reaction of households with older cars to the scrappage schemes, but that indirect effects on the second-hand car market, effects on car use and emissions from car use and on lifecycle emissions have received far less attention. Emission effects are modest and occur only in the short term. The cost-effectiveness of scrapping schemes is often quite poor. The most favourable cost-effectiveness scores occur in large densely populated areas, and only (or mainly) if cars with old (or no) emissions control technologies are scrapped. A full overview of the pros and cons of scrapping schemes, including all the dominant effects and their determinants in an advanced way, is lacking. Nevertheless, we think the general conclusions with respect to the effects and cost-effectiveness as presented above are quite robust.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 549-569
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.564331
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.564331
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:5:p:549-569
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mercedes Burguillo-Cuesta
Author-X-Name-First: Mercedes
Author-X-Name-Last: Burguillo-Cuesta
Author-Name: Marta García-Inés
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Inés
Author-Name: Desiderio Romero-Jordan
Author-X-Name-First: Desiderio
Author-X-Name-Last: Romero-Jordan
Title: Does Dieselization Favour a Cleaner Transport? Evidence from EU-15
Abstract: In the 1990s, purchases of diesel passenger cars in the EU had intensively grown, with the subsequent increase of diesel oil demand. One of the main factors explaining this change on consumer preferences was the improvement in combustion technology of diesel engines. In this context, just because diesel cars use less energy per kilometre than petrol ones, EU authorities have considered dieselization as a phenomenon harmonic with transport policy objectives enhancing the change in consumer preferences for diesel cars with fiscal and technical policies. The process of dieselization was consolidated; European consumers have maintained their preferences for diesel cars over time. The economic literature lacks in the study of dieselization and in the study of dieselization environmental consequences. However, this work tries to shed some light onto this issue analysing, through the estimation of a two-simultaneous-equations model, EU’s new diesel passenger car demand and diesel oil demand in the last two decades. The results will permit to characterize the main factors behind the change to dieselization. After this, we will discuss about the environmental implications of the European social option for dieselization.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 571-589
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.566378
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.566378
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:5:p:571-589
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stéphanie Vincent Lyk-Jensen
Author-X-Name-First: Stéphanie Vincent
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyk-Jensen
Title: Forecasting Freight Flows
Abstract: Trade patterns and transport markets are changing as a result of the growth and globalization of international trade, and forecasting future freight flow has to rely on trade forecasts. Forecasting freight flows is critical for matching infrastructure supply to demand and for assessing investment. This article models long-term dynamic physical trade flows and estimates a dynamic panel data model for foreign trade for the EU15 and two countries from the EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 1967–2002. The analysis suggests that a dynamic three-way-effects gravity equation is the best-fitted econometric model. The analysis uses a structural relationship to explain the structure of the exchange of the goods—a relationship that can be used in the year of forecast. This article also provides a new methodology for converting monetary aggregates into quantity aggregates. The resulting commodity growth rates constitute a valuable input to freight models for forecasting future capacity problems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 603-624
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.566984
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.566984
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:5:p:603-624
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rickard Bergqvist
Author-X-Name-First: Rickard
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergqvist
Author-Name: Sönke Behrends
Author-X-Name-First: Sönke
Author-X-Name-Last: Behrends
Title: Assessing the Effects of Longer Vehicles: The Case of Pre- and Post-haulage in Intermodal Transport Chains
Abstract: The demand for inland freight transport in Europe is mainly met by road transport, leading to unsustainable impacts such as air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and congestion. Since rail transport has lower externalities than road transport, a modal shift from road to rail is an accepted policy goal for achieving a more sustainable and competitive transport system. However, intermodal road–rail transport is mainly competitive for long-distance transport, and as a consequence, the potential for modal shift is limited. The cost efficiency of road–rail intermodal transport is particularly sensitive to pre- and post-haulage (PPH) costs, since this activity typically has a larger cost compared with its share of the total distance in the transport chain. For intermodal transportation over shorter distances, for example, below 300 km and where there are substantial PPH activities at both ends of the chain, the competitiveness of the intermodal transport system compared with that of direct road is low. Improving the efficiency of PPH activities is, therefore, of utmost importance for the competitiveness of the intermodal transport system. This paper looks into the issue of improving the cost efficiency of an intermodal transport chain by implementing an innovative and flexible legal framework regarding the PPH activities in the chain. By extending the legal framework with exemptions for longer vehicles in PPH, the cost efficiency could be greatly improved. The purpose of such a framework is to allow and enable, for PPH exclusively, the use of 2 × 40 foot or even two semi-trailers using only one vehicle in the context of the Swedish regulatory framework. This paper develops a strategic calculation model for assessing and investigating the consequences of such a framework and investigates the framework's potential in terms of cost efficiency. The model in combination with a sensitivity analysis of input variables gives a comprehensive understanding of the effects of PPH under different circumstances. From the results, it is evident that there are substantial positive effects associated with a PPH framework of longer vehicles. Results indicate that a typical shipper may experience cost reductions of about 5–10% of the total costs of the intermodal transport chain. In summary, a more innovative and flexible legal framework regarding vehicle length in the PPH links can contribute to a greater modal shift, improved cost efficiency and more environmentally friendly transportation systems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 591-602
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2011.584980
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2011.584980
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:5:p:591-602
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fanchao Liao
Author-X-Name-First: Fanchao
Author-X-Name-Last: Liao
Author-Name: Eric Molin
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Molin
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee
Title: Consumer preferences for electric vehicles: a literature review
Abstract:
Widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) may contribute to the alleviation of problems such as environmental pollution, global warming and oil dependency. However, the current market penetration of EV is relatively low in spite of many governments implementing strong promotion policies. This paper presents a comprehensive review of studies on consumer preferences for EV, aiming to better inform policy-makers and give direction to further research. First, we compare the economic and psychological approach towards this topic, followed by a conceptual framework of EV preferences which is then implemented to organise our review. We also briefly review the modelling techniques applied in the selected studies. Estimates of consumer preferences for financial, technical, infrastructure and policy attributes are then reviewed. A categorisation of influential factors for consumer preferences into groups such as socio-economic variables, psychological factors, mobility condition, social influence, etc. is then made and their effects are elaborated. Finally, we discuss a research agenda to improve EV consumer preference studies and give recommendations for further research.Abbreviations: AFV: alternative fuel vehicle; BEV: battery electric vehicle; CVs: conventional vehicles; EVs: electric vehicles; FCV: fuel cell vehicle; HCM: hybrid choice model; HEV: hybrid electric vehicle (non plug-in); HOV: high occupancy vehicle; MNL: MultiNomial logit; MXL: MiXed logit model; PHEV: plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; RP: revealed preference; SP: stated preference.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 252-275
Issue: 3
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1230794
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1230794
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:3:p:252-275
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julián Martínez Moya
Author-X-Name-First: Julián
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez Moya
Author-Name: María Feo Valero
Author-X-Name-First: María
Author-X-Name-Last: Feo Valero
Title: Port choice in container market: a literature review
Abstract:
As a result of the intense changes occurring in port environment over the last decades, new models of competitiveness have been developed, where port authorities try to increase their attractiveness. In this context, one of the most debated issues in this area of research is still the role played by port authorities in defining port competitiveness. The aim of this paper is to provide a review of port choice literature enabling to identify the main port choice’s criteria in order to define the role played by Port Authorities and to point out future lines of research that should be undertaken to fully incorporate current ports’ environment and performance. The results show that although some studies point out the importance of geographical factors in port choice, a larger number of studies defend the increasing role played by port authorities in determining the competitiveness through investing in port infrastructure, improving port efficiency or hinterland accessibility. Despite the existing models contributing on this topic, there are still some gaps in terms of measuring the port performance, including port strategies and studying the port choice for specific industries.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 300-321
Issue: 3
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1231233
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1231233
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:3:p:300-321
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Theo Notteboom
Author-X-Name-First: Theo
Author-X-Name-Last: Notteboom
Author-Name: Francesco Parola
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Parola
Author-Name: Giovanni Satta
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni
Author-X-Name-Last: Satta
Author-Name: Marcello Risitano
Author-X-Name-First: Marcello
Author-X-Name-Last: Risitano
Title: A taxonomy of logistics centres: overcoming conceptual ambiguity
Abstract:
This manuscript aims to disentangle the conceptual ambiguity around the notion of logistics centre. It proposes an overarching framework that categorises different types of infrastructure and identifies their distinctive components. The lack of a sound conceptualisation of logistics centres originates from the variety in temporal and spatial approaches. In transportation chains, path-breaking trends in market needs, technological innovations and institutional changes, as well as the place specificity of logistics centres embedded in various national contexts, inevitably led to a substantial theoretical ambiguity. This study consolidates prior fragmented works and identifies suitable criteria for classifying logistics centres. The functional criterion is proposed as a cornerstone for building a sound conceptualisation of these infrastructures. By capturing the distinctive characteristics of each type of logistics centre, the paper proposes an original and comprehensive taxonomy, which emphasises commonalities and specificities of various infrastructures. The paper provides a contribution to literature by sketching out a trustworthy conceptualisation of logistics centres. In addition, the outcomes bring insightful implications for researchers, policy-makers and practitioners.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 276-299
Issue: 3
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1231234
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1231234
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:3:p:276-299
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nico Dogterom
Author-X-Name-First: Nico
Author-X-Name-Last: Dogterom
Author-Name: Dick Ettema
Author-X-Name-First: Dick
Author-X-Name-Last: Ettema
Author-Name: Martin Dijst
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Dijst
Title: Tradable credits for managing car travel: a review of empirical research and relevant behavioural approaches
Abstract:
Recently, there has been a surge of interest in Tradable Credits (TC) as an alternative measure to manage the growth of personal car use. This paper summarises the results and methodologies of studies that have sought to anticipate the behavioural responses to several proposed TC schemes that target personal travel. In a critical reflection on this work and in an attempt to inspire future research, we argue that future empirical studies on TC behaviours can greatly benefit from insights from the fields of behavioural economics and cognitive psychology. Therefore, in the second part of the paper, we bring together behavioural concepts from these fields that are relevant in a TC decision-making context. Based on observations from current TC studies and the behavioural mechanisms identified in the second part of the paper, we propose promising directions for future research on understanding the impact of TC on personal car travel.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 322-343
Issue: 3
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1245219
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1245219
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:3:p:322-343
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Tilley
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Tilley
Title: Multi-level forces and differential effects affecting birth cohorts that stimulate mobility change
Abstract:
This paper presents a dynamic model at three levels to understand changing mobility trends at the population level. A multi-level framework is proposed that enables existing research and analysis to be considered in a more holistic sense. This framework assists in identifying predictions and transition pathways for different birth cohorts, particularly as they reach older age. This has the aim of bringing about a greater understanding of the socio-demographic influence on mobility trends, with a focus on the cultural transitions that affect birth cohorts differently in terms of their travel behaviour. The framework presented here captures the multi-level forces and structural effects that impact mobility. The paper examines how these forces and effects interact at different levels to influence the changing mobility of birth cohorts at different points in time. Examining the simultaneous operation of these levels is of conceptual importance to assist in the interpretation of mobility trends, as well as understanding future mobility implications, of future generations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 344-364
Issue: 3
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1246487
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1246487
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:3:p:344-364
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Liliana Magalhães
Author-X-Name-First: Liliana
Author-X-Name-Last: Magalhães
Author-Name: Vasco Reis
Author-X-Name-First: Vasco
Author-X-Name-Last: Reis
Author-Name: Rosário Macário
Author-X-Name-First: Rosário
Author-X-Name-Last: Macário
Title: A literature review of flexible development of airport terminals
Abstract:
The Master Plan has long been the traditional go-to approach to airport development. It was originally conceived for a scenario of stable growth. In recent decades, however, the airport industry has undergone substantial structural changes, with the traditional Master Plan progressively revealing limitations with regard to airports coping with the market’s unpredictability. There have since been increased calls for flexibility in the approach as an alternative or as a complement to the traditional Master Plan. A flexible development plan helps to accommodate changes within terminals. This paper presents a review of the current literature on airport terminal flexibility, covering a total of 19 reference works. The works were analysed in terms of the concepts, definitions and deployment frameworks, or similar. The review reveals that research in airport terminal flexibility is still in its early stages. A consensual definition has yet to be defined and no robust framework for deploying flexibility has been defined. We propose a new definition of flexible development. Furthermore, flexibility has been studied essentially in the context of expansion. However, in certain regions where land availability is scarce, other forms of airport development may be more important. We conclude the paper with suggestions for future research areas.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 365-382
Issue: 3
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1246488
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1246488
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:3:p:365-382
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miluše Tichavska
Author-X-Name-First: Miluše
Author-X-Name-Last: Tichavska
Author-Name: Beatriz Tovar
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz
Author-X-Name-Last: Tovar
Title: External costs from vessel emissions at port: a review of the methodological and empirical state of the art
Abstract:
The accurate calculation of external costs from vessel emissions and shipping (as it happens with transport) strongly depends on parameters such as location, the time of the day and vessel operative. Thus, the use of a full bottom-up approach and granular traffic details is suggested. The latter may represent a substantial improvement in the resolution of shipping activity, energy demand, emissions and cost data being the latter essential for better regulations. The revised work identifies the Impact Pathway Approach (IPA) as the best-practice bottom-up methodology for calculating site-specific external costs derived from shipping air emissions. It has been widely adopted, among others, over major European studies (CAFE, BeTa, NEEDS and HEATCO). Also, it shows that due to costly and complex requirements of creating a shipping and harbour-specific bottom-up approach, external cost calculation based on tonne per euro factors obtained from European Studies (top-down approach) has been widely accepted. Moreover, methodological improvements and the possible achievement of refined estimations (IPA) dedicated to ports and shipping are strongly suggested, as these may improve information quality used for environmental policy and measures that contribute to the internalisation of externality costs.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 383-402
Issue: 3
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1279694
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1279694
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:3:p:383-402
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Corinne Mulley
Author-X-Name-First: Corinne
Author-X-Name-Last: Mulley
Title: Mobility as a Services (MaaS) – does it have critical mass?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 247-251
Issue: 3
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1280932
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1280932
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:3:p:247-251
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dick de Waard
Author-X-Name-First: Dick
Author-X-Name-Last: de Waard
Title: Cycling futures
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 403-405
Issue: 3
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1281850
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1281850
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:3:p:403-405
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Buckman
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Buckman
Title: Resilient cities: overcoming fossil fuel dependence
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 815-816
Issue: 6
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1407010
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1407010
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:6:p:815-816
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Hickman
Author-X-Name-First: Robin
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickman
Author-Name: Marco Dean
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Dean
Title: Incomplete cost – incomplete benefit analysis in transport appraisal
Abstract:
This paper examines the current application of transport appraisal in the UK, in particular exploring the partiality of cost–benefit analysis (CBA) within the wider multi-criteria analysis (MCA) process. It argues that applying a quantitative assessment of the varied impacts of complex transport projects can only be partial within the CBA. Analysis can overlook social, human life, environmental and built environment impacts, and projects can be inconsistent with the planning strategy for an area. The application of CBA is critically reviewed using two case studies: the proposed upgrade of the South Fylde railway line and the Heysham-M6 Link Road, both from North West England. A participatory MCA process is suggested to help improve the process of transport appraisal, as part of an improved public debate on transport investment priorities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 689-709
Issue: 6
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1407377
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1407377
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:6:p:689-709
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sergio Oliete Josa
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliete Josa
Author-Name: Francesc Magrinyà
Author-X-Name-First: Francesc
Author-X-Name-Last: Magrinyà
Title: Patchwork in an interconnected world: the challenges of transport networks in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract:
Sub-Saharan Africa has recently undergone, or still do in many countries, a period of transport infrastructure expansion. Current policies are centred on the development of international links, which require large capital-intensive projects and are sometimes economically dubious. This paper reviews the past policies and transport functions since colonial times by placing them in their economic and political context. We find that present strategies have similarities to the ones prevailing in previous periods, where expansion phases dominated by transport-led economic growth theories were followed by a stagnation of Africa’s infrastructure development. In view of the challenges in translating findings from empirical research into right policies, we identify the potential of more balanced and sustainable strategic investments, notably by reinforcing the existing secondary transport networks converging into urban centres.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 710-736
Issue: 6
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1414899
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1414899
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:6:p:710-736
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hamed Shahrokhi Shahraki
Author-X-Name-First: Hamed
Author-X-Name-Last: Shahrokhi Shahraki
Author-Name: Chris Bachmann
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Bachmann
Title: Designing computable general equilibrium models for transportation applications
Abstract:
This paper presents a review of Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model applications for spatial economic and transport interaction modelling. This paper has three objectives (1) To deliver an up to date and comprehensive literature review on applications of CGE models in transportation, (2) To analyze the different methodological approaches and their theoretical and practical advantages and disadvantages, and (3) To ultimately provide guidance on designing CGE models for various transportation analyses. The content of the paper is as follows: first, a brief introduction to CGE models is provided. The history of CGE models is traced, ranging from their origins and seminal applications in economics, to their eventual adoption in transportation research. This is followed by a comprehensive review of the application of CGE models to transport projects and policies. Various applications in transportation are reviewed in terms of their intended application, as well as their treatment of space and time. Finally, these applications are contrasted with respect to their methodological approaches, with a close examination of various influential model choices. Here, the essential design choices made within these model applications are explained and debated, to clearly elaborate on the workings of the models and the design choices facing CGE model developers.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 737-764
Issue: 6
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1426651
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1426651
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:6:p:737-764
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alireza Ermagun
Author-X-Name-First: Alireza
Author-X-Name-Last: Ermagun
Author-Name: David Levinson
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Levinson
Title: Spatiotemporal traffic forecasting: review and proposed directions
Abstract:
This paper systematically reviews studies that forecast short-term traffic conditions using spatial dependence between links. We extract and synthesise 130 research papers, considering two perspectives: (1) methodological framework and (2) methods for capturing spatial information. Spatial information boosts the accuracy of prediction, particularly in congested traffic regimes and for longer horizons. Machine learning methods, which have attracted more attention in recent years, outperform the naïve statistical methods such as historical average and exponential smoothing. However, there is no guarantee of superiority when machine learning methods are compared with advanced statistical methods such as spatiotemporal autoregressive integrated moving average. As for the spatial dependency detection, a large gulf exists between the realistic spatial dependence of traffic links on a real network and the studied networks as follows: (1) studies capture spatial dependency of either adjacent or distant upstream and downstream links with the study link, (2) the spatially relevant links are selected either by prejudgment or by correlation-coefficient analysis, and (3) studies develop forecasting methods in a corridor test sample, where all links are connected sequentially together, assume a similarity between the behaviour of both parallel and adjacent links, and overlook the competitive nature of traffic links.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 786-814
Issue: 6
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1442887
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1442887
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:6:p:786-814
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carl Johnsson
Author-X-Name-First: Carl
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnsson
Author-Name: Aliaksei Laureshyn
Author-X-Name-First: Aliaksei
Author-X-Name-Last: Laureshyn
Author-Name: Tim De Ceunynck
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: De Ceunynck
Title: In search of surrogate safety indicators for vulnerable road users: a review of surrogate safety indicators
Abstract:
Surrogate indicators are meant to be alternatives or complements of safety analyses based on accident records. These indicators are used to study critical traffic events that occur more frequently, making such incidents easier to analyse. This article provides an overview of existing surrogate indicators and specifically focuses on their merit for the analyses of vulnerable road users and the extent to which they have been validated by previous research. Each indicator is evaluated based on its ability to consider the collision risk, which can be further divided into the initial conditions of an event, the magnitude of any evasive action and the injury risk in any traffic event. The results show that various indicators and their combinations can reflect different aspects of any traffic event. However, no existing indicator seems to capture all aspects. Various studies have also focused on the validity of different indicators. However, due to the use of diverse approaches to validation, the large difference in how many locations were investigated and variations in the duration of observation at each location, it is difficult to compare and discuss the validity of the different surrogate safety indicators. Since no current indicator can properly reflect all the important aspects underlined in this article, the authors suggest that the choice of a suitable indicator in future surrogate safety studies should be made with considerations of the context-dependent suitability of the respective indicator.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 765-785
Issue: 6
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1442888
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1442888
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:6:p:765-785
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Erratum
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 817-817
Issue: 6
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1458506
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1458506
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:6:p:817-817
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Aldred
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldred
Title: Pedestrian injury risk: unanswered questions and a developing research agenda
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 685-688
Issue: 6
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1518510
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1518510
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:6:p:685-688
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: List of Reviewers August 2017 – August 2018
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 818-819
Issue: 6
Volume: 38
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1527110
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1527110
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:38:y:2018:i:6:p:818-819
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Devajyoti Deka
Author-X-Name-First: Devajyoti
Author-X-Name-Last: Deka
Title: Three revolutions: steering automated, shared, and electric vehicles to a better future
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 553-555
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1481892
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1481892
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:553-555
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathleen L. Hancock
Author-X-Name-First: Kathleen L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hancock
Title: Freight transport and distribution: concepts and optimisation models
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 555-556
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1487476
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1487476
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:555-556
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Shaheen
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaheen
Author-Name: Adam Cohen
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Cohen
Title: Shared ride services in North America: definitions, impacts, and the future of pooling
Abstract:
Shared ride services allow riders to share a ride to a common destination. They include ridesharing (carpooling and vanpooling); ridesplitting (a pooled version of ridesourcing/transportation network companies); taxi sharing; and microtransit. In recent years, growth of Internet-enabled wireless technologies, global satellite systems, and cloud computing - coupled with data sharing – are causing people to increase their use of mobile applications to share a ride. Some shared ride services, such as carpooling and vanpooling, can provide transportation, infrastructure, environmental, and social benefits. This paper reviews common shared ride service models, definitions, and summarises existing North American impact studies. Additionally, we explore the convergence of shared mobility; electrification; and automation, including the potential impacts of shared automated vehicle (SAV) systems. While SAV impacts remain uncertain, many practitioners and academic research predict higher efficiency, affordability, and lower greenhouse gas emissions. The impacts of SAVs will likely depend on the number of personally owned automated vehicles; types of sharing (concurrent or sequential); and the future modal split among public transit, shared fleets, and pooled rides. We conclude the paper with recommendations for local governments and public agencies to help in managing the transition to highly automated vehicles and encouraging higher occupancy modes.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 427-442
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1497728
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1497728
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:427-442
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karen Trapenberg Frick
Author-X-Name-First: Karen
Author-X-Name-Last: Trapenberg Frick
Title: The Oxford handbook of megaproject management
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 563-564
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1502215
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1502215
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:563-564
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ryosuke Abe
Author-X-Name-First: Ryosuke
Author-X-Name-Last: Abe
Author-Name: Hironori Kato
Author-X-Name-First: Hironori
Author-X-Name-Last: Kato
Title: Long-run studies of daily travel: methodological review and convergence of distance traveled per capita across cities
Abstract:
The purpose of this paper is to review previous studies that have modelled daily travel using long-run variations of data (20 years or more), focusing on their theoretical (micro-founded) assumptions, and then to present a case study applying one of these assumptions. The review intends to clarify how these studies assume intergenerational differences in the (unobservable) mobility preferences of individuals, which determines how they describe the changes in the aggregate of individuals. This study shows that one group of studies describes these changes using changes in the behaviour of individuals representing all generations and by assuming their preferences over time. This assumption is useful, as it accommodates all types of data covering different periods, including the so-called aggregate data. This study also shows that the other study group describes them using the turnover of individuals of different generations, assuming that individuals born in different periods could have different preferences. This has been made possible by following birth cohorts over time using data from repeated surveys while enabling a focus on generation-specific characteristics in daily travel. Next, the case study provides an example of how most previous long-run studies on daily travel have employed theoretical assumptions. It applies the first assumption to examine a convergence hypothesis of distance travelled per capita across cities. This hypothesis is derived from the assumptions posed primarily on the production-side of a city’s transportation system, including diminishing returns under current transportation technologies. A linear regression model is employed to test the hypothesis with a city-level data set covering 39 developed cities in the world from 1960 to 2000. The results support the hypothesis, showing negative and statistically significant effects of per capita annual kilometres travelled on their subsequent average growth rates in every model with different sets of the control variables representing the surrounding conditions of the transportation network. The results of the case study suggest that current daily travel may be exhausting most of the quantitative potential of a city’s transportation network under the current technologies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 443-462
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1513096
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1513096
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:443-462
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo Priemus
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo
Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus
Title: The infrastructure we ride on. Decision making in transportation investment
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 560-562
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1517136
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1517136
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:560-562
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexa Delbosc
Author-X-Name-First: Alexa
Author-X-Name-Last: Delbosc
Title: The psychology of the car: automobile admiration, attachment and addiction
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 562-563
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1517137
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1517137
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:562-563
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abraham Leung
Author-X-Name-First: Abraham
Author-X-Name-Last: Leung
Author-Name: Matthew Burke
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Burke
Author-Name: Jianqiang Cui
Author-X-Name-First: Jianqiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Cui
Author-Name: Anthony Perl
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: Perl
Title: Fuel price changes and their impacts on urban transport – a literature review using bibliometric and content analysis techniques, 1972–2017
Abstract:
While the period of heightened oil prices in 2005–2014 has attracted considerable academic and policy attention, there is scant cross-disciplinary research considering energy price, transport and land use together. In car dependent societies many socio-economically disadvantaged areas often lack public and active transport accessibility. Emerging research focus has been placed on issues of transport equity including effects of fuel prices. We reviewed 45 years (1972–2017) of publications about fuel price impacts, transport, and urban context, drawn from Web of Science listed publications. Bibliographic citation analysis reveals eight major research clusters with a set of inter-city comparative studies at their centre. The historical evolution, geographical trends, research approaches and the key themes are revealed by context analysis. The paper highlights the need for further studies looking at energy, transport and land use interaction, and suggests a greater focus on transport equity.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 463-484
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1523252
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1523252
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:463-484
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benjamin Welle
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Welle
Title: Paratransit in African cities: operations, regulation, and reform
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 556-558
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1523254
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1523254
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:556-558
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sajad Askari
Author-X-Name-First: Sajad
Author-X-Name-Last: Askari
Author-Name: Farideddin Peiravian
Author-X-Name-First: Farideddin
Author-X-Name-Last: Peiravian
Title: Public transportation quality of service: factors, models, and applications
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 558-560
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1531083
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1531083
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:558-560
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Imre Keseru
Author-X-Name-First: Imre
Author-X-Name-Last: Keseru
Author-Name: Nils Wuytens
Author-X-Name-First: Nils
Author-X-Name-Last: Wuytens
Author-Name: Cathy Macharis
Author-X-Name-First: Cathy
Author-X-Name-Last: Macharis
Title: Citizen observatory for mobility: a conceptual framework
Abstract:
Citizen observatories that incorporate participatory sensing can complement traditional and automated data collection methods for mobility planning and increase the level of participation of citizens in transport planning. The process of developing such an online environment is not only time-consuming and costly, but it would also require an extensive knowledge of computer programming. This is one of the main barriers to the proliferation of citizen observatories. Therefore, this paper develops a conceptual framework of a citizen observatory platform that does not require special skills or resources. It would enable the collection, analysis and exchange of quantitative and qualitative mobility-related data by citizens. We have reviewed 69 participatory sensing applications in the field of mobility to derive the essential building stones of such an observatory. We identified the requirements considering eight criteria: campaign management, objective, context, data types, sensing technology, motivation of data collectors, validation and representativeness, visualisation and reporting. Some concerns regarding representativeness of data, motivation of data collectors, accuracy of sensors and validated algorithms for indicators are also raised.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 485-510
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1536089
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1536089
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:485-510
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fatih Canitez
Author-X-Name-First: Fatih
Author-X-Name-Last: Canitez
Title: Urban public transport systems from new institutional economics perspective: a literature review
Abstract:
The paper provides a novel perspective for the examination of urban public transport (UPT) systems based on a literature review of new institutional economics (NIE). New institutional economics is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary economic perspective which seeks to explain the role of institutions in the performance of socio-economic systems. It encompasses various economic theories including transaction cost economics, agency theory, contract theory and property rights economics. Although NIE-based approaches have been utilised in different sectors and policy areas, management and organisation of UPT systems is a policy area where the implications of NIE-related theories have not been thoroughly explored. UPT systems are complex and involve a variety of transport actors such as transport authorities, regulators, operators and passengers. These actors interact with each other as embedded in an institutional environment which structures the rules, hence determines the incentives, roles and liabilities for the actors. However, previous studies have generally taken this institutional environment as given and have not problematised it. This paper seeks to provide a concise literature review of UPT through the perspective of NIE to delve into the institutional configuration of UPT systems so that an institutional account of UPT is given. An institutional framework is proposed to help structure the current literature on UPT. To explore the applicability of NIE in conceptualising and problematising the issues concerning the management of UPT, the paper attempts to delineate the institutional landscape of UPT. The informal and formal institutions, governance structures and contractual relationships in UPT are examined through the lens of NIE. These institutional levels constitute the building blocks for the institutional arrangement of the UPT systems, and the proposed institutional framework for the analysis of UPT systems reviews and examines each institutional level in a systematic way. The paper explores the potential added-value that NIE provides, identifies the research gaps in the literature, and finally, shows the future avenues for NIE-inspired UPT studies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 511-530
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1552631
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1552631
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:511-530
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matteo Balliauw
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo
Author-X-Name-Last: Balliauw
Author-Name: Hilde Meersman
Author-X-Name-First: Hilde
Author-X-Name-Last: Meersman
Author-Name: Eddy Van de Voorde
Author-X-Name-First: Eddy
Author-X-Name-Last: Van de Voorde
Author-Name: Thierry Vanelslander
Author-X-Name-First: Thierry
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanelslander
Title: Towards improved port capacity investment decisions under uncertainty: a real options approach
Abstract:
Port activity plays an important role in facilitating international trade. Sufficient capacity is indispensable for a port to attract flows to a region and retain them. The capacity decision is the result of a trade-off between investment and waiting costs. Traditional methods to value expansion projects do not deal adequately with managerial flexibility in the face of uncertainty from different sources in the complex port environment. In this paper, real options (RO) models are identified as an alternative method to making project valuations and investment decisions, as they attribute the correct value to managerial flexibility under uncertainty. In order to be able to build and use such RO models for port capacity investment decisions, the sources and implications of uncertainty in the port and the different RO model specifications need to be understood. To this end, both the literature about uncertainty in the port context and the literature about real options models are reviewed in order to provide researchers who want to build their own decision-making models, with the necessary knowledge of both fields. The review makes clear that the complex interactions in and competition between the logistics chains and their actors coming together in ports have significant impacts on port capacity. Uncertainty is also caused by uncertain international trade flows and changes in legislation following new technologies and environmental impacts. An analysis of the components of some general RO models shows how the options of flexible output, investment size and timing are valued by RO models in a setting with demand uncertainty. Moreover, the review presents researchers with insights in how to deal with cooperative and competitive interactions in the chain, time to build, cyclical markets and legislation changes. It also shows how to value the expansion and the phased investment options. The new insights resulting from this review are subsequently combined in a framework that serves as a guideline to build RO models for port capacity investments. Finally, an exemplifying application of the framework is used to build an actual port capacity investment decision model.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 531-552
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1556228
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1556228
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:531-552
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johan Woxenius
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Woxenius
Title: Is research becoming a game with 4 players and 22 referees?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 423-426
Issue: 4
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1616894
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1616894
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:4:p:423-426
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miguel López-Navarro
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: López-Navarro
Author-Name: Miguel Ángel Moliner
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: Ángel Moliner
Author-Name: Rosa María Rodríguez
Author-X-Name-First: Rosa
Author-X-Name-Last: María Rodríguez
Author-Name: Javier Sánchez
Author-X-Name-First: Javier
Author-X-Name-Last: Sánchez
Title: Accompanied versus Unaccompanied Transport in Short Sea Shipping between Spain and Italy: An Analysis from Transport Road Firms Perspective
Abstract: Short sea shipping (SSS) is called to play a key role in ensuring sustainable mobility in the European context. In the past years several studies tried to define the SSS requirements and also to identify the SSS lines that were economically viable. However, no studies approach the profile of their users—the road transport firms—and the organizational patterns adopted by them, in order to gain a better understanding of this transport modality. This research, on the basis of a sample of 81 international road transport firms that use SSS between Spain and Italy, analyses the profile of these firms and certain elements inherent to their relationship with the shipping firms, according to the two modalities of organizing their SSS transport operations: accompanied versus unaccompanied.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 425-444
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.528588
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.528588
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:4:p:425-444
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Athanasios Pallis
Author-X-Name-First: Athanasios
Author-X-Name-Last: Pallis
Author-Name: Thomas Vitsounis
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Vitsounis
Author-Name: Peter De Langen
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: De Langen
Author-Name: Theo Notteboom
Author-X-Name-First: Theo
Author-X-Name-Last: Notteboom
Title: Port Economics, Policy and Management: Content Classification and Survey
Abstract: This paper presents a taxonomy and analysis of the content of published research in port economics, policy and management (port studies). The recent increase of these publications suggests a growing interest in the study of ports. However, the research characteristics and directions of this research field are unidentified. This paper provides a systematic analysis of port studies published during the period 1997–2008. A comprehensive cross-citation and analysis of the themes, approaches and findings of all 395 relevant journal papers identifies the extent to which the research field is maturing, and the leading papers. This paper also presents an extensive analysis of the content, based on the classification of all port studies into seven research themes. For each theme, research topics, widely used research questions, concepts and research methods and the most important research findings are discussed. Finally, we identify emerging research challenges and research questions that still need to be answered.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 445-471
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.530699
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.530699
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:4:p:445-471
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cinzia Cirillo
Author-X-Name-First: Cinzia
Author-X-Name-Last: Cirillo
Author-Name: Renting Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Renting
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Title: Dynamic Discrete Choice Models for Transportation
Abstract: Discrete choice models have received widespread acceptance in transport research over the past three decades, being used in travel demand modelling and behavioural analysis; however, their applications have been mainly developed in a static context. There have been several dynamic models in transportation; but these formulations are not based on dynamic optimization principles and do not allow for changes in external factors. With the continuous and rapid changes in modern societies (i.e. introduction of advanced technologies, aggressive marketing strategies and innovative policies) it is more and more recognized by researchers in various disciplines from economics to social science that choice situations take place in a dynamic environment and that strong interdependencies exist among decisions made at different points in time. Dynamic discrete choice models (DDCMs) describe the behaviour of a forward-looking economic agent who chooses between several alternatives repeatedly over time. DDCMs are usually specified as an optimal stopping problem, where agents decide when to make a change in ownership of durable goods or in their behaviour. In this paper, we present the application of the dynamic formulation to short- to medium-term vehicle-holding decisions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 473-494
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.533393
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.533393
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:4:p:473-494
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nihan Akyelken
Author-X-Name-First: Nihan
Author-X-Name-Last: Akyelken
Title: Green Logistics: Improving the Environmental Sustainability of Logistics
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 547-548
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.537101
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.537101
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:4:p:547-548
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sybil Derrible
Author-X-Name-First: Sybil
Author-X-Name-Last: Derrible
Author-Name: Christopher Kennedy
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Kennedy
Title: Applications of Graph Theory and Network Science to Transit Network Design
Abstract: While the network nature of public transportation systems is well known, the study of their design from a topological/geometric perspective remains relatively limited. From the work of Euler in the 1750s to the discovery of scale-free networks in the late 1990s, the goal of this paper is to review the topical literature that applied concepts of graph theory and network science. After briefly introducing the origins of graph theory, we review early indicators developed to study transport networks, which notably includes the works of Garrison and Marble, and Kansky. Afterwards, we examine network indicators and characteristics developed to study transit systems specifically, in particular by reviewing the works of Vuchic and Musso. Subsequently, we introduce the concepts of small-worlds and scale-free networks from the emerging field network science, and review early applications to transit networks. Finally, we identify three challenges that will need to be addressed in the future. As transit systems are likely to grow in the world, the study of their network feature could be of substantial help to planners so as to better design the transit systems of tomorrow, but much work lies ahead.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 495-519
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.543709
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.543709
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:4:p:495-519
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luc Wismans
Author-X-Name-First: Luc
Author-X-Name-Last: Wismans
Author-Name: Eric Van Berkum
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Berkum
Author-Name: Michiel Bliemer
Author-X-Name-First: Michiel
Author-X-Name-Last: Bliemer
Title: Modelling Externalities using Dynamic Traffic Assignment Models: A Review
Abstract: Recently, there has been a growing interest in externalities in our society, mainly in the context of climate and air quality, which are of importance when policy decisions are made. For the assessment of externalities in transport, often the output of static traffic assignment models is used in combination with so-called effect models. Due to the rapidly increasing possibilities of using dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) models for large-scale transportation networks and the application of traffic measures, already several models have been developed to assess the externalities using DTA models more precisely. Different research projects have shown that there is a proven relation between the traffic dynamics and externalities, such as emissions of pollutants and traffic safety. This means that the assessment of external effects can be improved by using temporal information about flow, speed and density, which is the output of DTA models. In this paper, the modelling of traffic safety, emissions and noise in conjunction with DTA models is reviewed based on an extensive literature survey. This review shows that there are still gaps in knowledge in assessing traffic safety, much research is available concerning emissions, and although little research has been conducted concerning the assessment of noise using DTA models, the methods available can be used to assess the effects. Most research so far has focused on the use of microscopic models, while mesoscopic or macroscopic models may have a high potential for improving the assessment of these effects for larger networks.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 521-545
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2011
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2010.544856
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2010.544856
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:31:y:2011:i:4:p:521-545
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard J. Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Richard J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Ipek N. Sener
Author-X-Name-First: Ipek N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sener
Author-Name: S. Nathan Jones
Author-X-Name-First: S. Nathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Title: Understanding the role of equity in active transportation planning in the United States
Abstract:
Active transportation modes are increasingly being acknowledged for their individual and societal benefits. As a result, funding for pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure in the United States has increased substantially in recent years. However, pedestrian and bicycle equity impacts often go overlooked, which has resulted in an inequitable distribution of active transportation costs and benefits. The paper contributes to this small but growing field by developing an enhanced understanding of active transportation equity, identifying limitations in research and in practice, and providing a set of recommendations for planners and researchers. These recommendations include considering other transportation-disadvantaged groups beyond low-income and minority populations in equity analysis, adopting new performance measures, increasing inter-agency coordination, the need for stronger guidance from the federal government, and more representation from transportation-disadvantaged groups in the public participation and decision-making process. If the costs and benefits of active transportation are to be fairly shared among all users, equity will need to be meaningfully addressed in the planning process.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 211-226
Issue: 2
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1239660
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1239660
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:2:p:211-226
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benoît Cornut
Author-X-Name-First: Benoît
Author-X-Name-Last: Cornut
Author-Name: Jean-Loup Madre
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Loup
Author-X-Name-Last: Madre
Title: A longitudinal perspective on car ownership and use in relation with income inequalities in the Paris metropolitan area
Abstract:
The objective is to analyse the evolution of car ownership and use in the Paris region according to the standard of living of households and the place of residence (Paris, inner suburbs and outer suburbs). Based on annual panel surveys from 1974 to 2013, we show that a maximum of car use has been reached in the 1990s in the Paris region but the date of appearance of car ownership and use saturation differs according to the zone of residence (earlier in the City of Paris). The Gini index and the Q4/Q1 ratio are also computed to describe the evolution of inequalities in the population. In the Paris region, car ownership and use inequalities have strongly reduced since the 1970s. However, the levels of inequalities are higher in dense areas than in the outer suburbs where the necessity to own a car tends to homogenise travel behaviour. Last, if the Gini index is low because global inequalities are weak, inequalities remain important for low-income groups, especially in the outer suburbs where the indicators have to be interpreted as indicators of inequity.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 227-244
Issue: 2
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1245218
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1245218
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:2:p:227-244
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rafael H. M. Pereira
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael H. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pereira
Author-Name: Tim Schwanen
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwanen
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: Distributive justice and equity in transportation
Abstract:
Over the past decades, transport researchers and policy-makers have devoted increasing attention to questions about justice and equity. Nonetheless, there is still little engagement with theories in political philosophy to frame what justice means in the context of transport policies. This paper reviews key theories of justice (utilitarianism, libertarianism, intuitionism, Rawls’ egalitarianism, and Capability Approaches (CAs)) and critically evaluates the insights they generate when applied to transport. Based on a combination of Rawlsian and CAs, we propose that distributive justice concerns over transport disadvantage and social exclusion should focus primarily on accessibility as a human capability. This means that, in policy evaluation, a detailed analysis of the distributional effects of transport policies should take account of the setting of minimum standards of accessibility to key destinations and the extent to which these policies respect individuals’ rights and prioritise disadvantaged groups, reduce inequalities of opportunities, and mitigate transport externalities. A full account of justice in transportation requires a more complete understanding of accessibility than traditional approaches have been able to deliver to date.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 170-191
Issue: 2
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1257660
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1257660
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:2:p:170-191
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miloš N. Mladenović
Author-X-Name-First: Miloš N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mladenović
Title: Transport justice: designing fair transportation systems
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 245-246
Issue: 2
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1258599
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1258599
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:2:p:245-246
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bat-hen Nahmias-Biran
Author-X-Name-First: Bat-hen
Author-X-Name-Last: Nahmias-Biran
Author-Name: Karel Martens
Author-X-Name-First: Karel
Author-X-Name-Last: Martens
Author-Name: Yoram Shiftan
Author-X-Name-First: Yoram
Author-X-Name-Last: Shiftan
Title: Integrating equity in transportation project assessment: a philosophical exploration and its practical implications
Abstract:
This paper provides an overview of the conceptual essence of a number of justice theories and their possible consequences for transport project appraisal. In this paper, we discuss three alternative philosophical approaches to the still-dominant approach of utilitarianism: Rawls’s approach, Walzer’s approach, and the capability approach (CA), as they have different practical implications. We discuss which of these approaches could potentially give guidance to transportation appraisal, and which approaches are not suited for this purpose. We demonstrate the use of the CA and compare it to utilitarianism in a case study, and discuss the implications of adopting the former for transport evaluation and policy.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 192-210
Issue: 2
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1276604
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1276604
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:2:p:192-210
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karel Martens
Author-X-Name-First: Karel
Author-X-Name-Last: Martens
Author-Name: Floridea Di Ciommo
Author-X-Name-First: Floridea
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Ciommo
Title: Travel time savings, accessibility gains and equity effects in cost–benefit analysis
Abstract:
The growing interest in the equity dimensions of transport planning has resulted in increasing criticism on the dominant assessment methodology of transport projects: cost–benefit analysis (CBA). In this paper, we focus on travel time savings, given their importance in the assessment of transport projects and the sometimes fierce equity-related citicism on their inclusion in project appraisal. We identify five equity effects related to the use of travel time savings in CBA. Each of these equity effects implies that transport projects serving the majority population are highly likely to perform better in CBA than comparable projects serving disadvantaged population groups. We subsequently explore whether the replacement of travel time savings by accessibility gains can address the identified equity effects. We observe that this only holds for two of the five equity effects, while a third effect can be mitigated through the introduction of the notion of diminishing marginal return in the valuation of accessibility gains. We conclude that the mere introduction of accessibility gains is in itself insufficient to address all equity effects related to the application of travel time savings within the CBA framework.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 152-169
Issue: 2
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2016.1276642
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2016.1276642
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:2:p:152-169
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Floridea Di Ciommo
Author-X-Name-First: Floridea
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Ciommo
Author-Name: Yoram Shiftan
Author-X-Name-First: Yoram
Author-X-Name-Last: Shiftan
Title: Transport equity analysis
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 139-151
Issue: 2
Volume: 37
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2017.1278647
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2017.1278647
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:37:y:2017:i:2:p:139-151
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Banister
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Banister
Title: The climate crisis and transport
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 565-568
Issue: 5
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1637113
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1637113
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:5:p:565-568
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Camila Balbontin
Author-X-Name-First: Camila
Author-X-Name-Last: Balbontin
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Firm-specific and location-specific drivers of business location and relocation decisions
Abstract:
Decisions made by businesses on where to locate or relocate are typically given less consideration than residential location in integrated transport and land use modelling systems. This is surprising given the important role that businesses play in defining employment opportunities, and hence the travel patterns of workers and any travel associated with accessing firms. As part of a larger study on giving firm location choices an endogenous representation in an integrated model system, this paper reviews the existing literature on the drivers of location and relocation decisions in various geographical jurisdictions. The findings provide a starting position in the design of future firm-specific surveys, and especially the attributes that are candidates for stated choice experiments and for inclusion in firm location utility equations embedded in integrated strategic model systems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 569-588
Issue: 5
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2018.1559254
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2018.1559254
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:5:p:569-588
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vasco Reis
Author-X-Name-First: Vasco
Author-X-Name-Last: Reis
Title: A new theoretical framework for integration in freight transport chains
Abstract:
At the European Union level, door-to-door freight transport chains – i.e. involving intermodal, combined, co modal or synchromodal transport – are seen as one solution for curbing the unsustainable growth of the transport sector. Integration is regarded as a key feature in the creation of enhanced transport chains. It would bring about purposeful coordination and alignment between transport agents with the aim of enhancing the performance of the transport service. However, integration also entails additional costs, so there are limits to its exploitation. Diverse theories and principles were used to study the dynamics of integration. System engineering principles were used to study the elements and structure of the transport chains; whereas logistics and supply chain principles were applied to explain agents’ behaviouristic elements and performance elements. New institutional economics theory shed light on the types and problems of coordination, or on incentives to overcome the barriers. Network and graph theories are useful to characterise the structure of transport chains and networks. The literature review highlighted that less attention has been paid to both the identification of the fundamental components of integration and the understanding the role of integration on the performance of a transport chain. This paper proposes a novel conceptual framework by which to understand the nature and mechanisms of integration in freight transport chains. It makes use of the concept of fitness and takes into consideration insights derived from system engineering and transaction costs economics. The framework is made up of four interrelated Building Blocks (BB): the customer's demand requirements (BB1); the transport agents’ profiles (BB2); the fitness (BB3); and the performance of the transport chain (BB4). Integration is the degree of matching (BB3) of selected components of the transport agents (BB2), chosen according to demand (BB1). The degree of matching will yield inefficiencies which will impact the performance (BB4) of the transport service. The framework identifies five dimensions of integration, corresponding to the various flows among agents, which are physical; logical; contractual; financial; and institutional. Finally, it considers three moments of integration: during production; while on recovery from a situation of non-compliance; and after the delivery of the goods. An initial validation assessment exercise was conducted with two case studies – one successful and one unsuccessful. This work complements others dedicated to understanding the organisation and production of transport chains. The framework can assist transport agents in identifying unexploited opportunities for enhancing integration or mitigating negative aspects. It can also support policy makers, for example, in efforts to prioritise investments in accordance with their potential impact on integration. Finally, as the framework provides details on how agents interact, it can support the development of freight transport models, particularly disaggregated approaches.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 589-610
Issue: 5
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1573860
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1573860
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:5:p:589-610
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thierry Vanelslander
Author-X-Name-First: Thierry
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanelslander
Author-Name: Christa Sys
Author-X-Name-First: Christa
Author-X-Name-Last: Sys
Author-Name: Jasmine Siu Lee Lam
Author-X-Name-First: Jasmine Siu Lee
Author-X-Name-Last: Lam
Author-Name: Claudio Ferrari
Author-X-Name-First: Claudio
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferrari
Author-Name: Athena Roumboutsos
Author-X-Name-First: Athena
Author-X-Name-Last: Roumboutsos
Author-Name: Michele Acciaro
Author-X-Name-First: Michele
Author-X-Name-Last: Acciaro
Author-Name: Rosario Macário
Author-X-Name-First: Rosario
Author-X-Name-Last: Macário
Author-Name: Genevieve Giuliano
Author-X-Name-First: Genevieve
Author-X-Name-Last: Giuliano
Title: A serving innovation typology: mapping port-related innovations
Abstract:
The port sector is often perceived to be lagging behind in terms of innovative initiatives. It is unclear whether this is the result of a more limited engagement of the scientific community, or poor external marketing from port operators or whether the limited number of port-related scientific studies is not representative of the real volume of innovation in the sector. In order to offer deeper insight into the connections between the academic (port) innovation literature and actual innovation practices in the port sector, firstly, the literature is reviewed over the 2011–2018 period. Secondly, the paper proposes a typology, which supports the management of the innovation process and upon which future research could be based. Last, the analysis of 75 port-related innovation initiatives provides an application of the proposed typology. The findings from the study of innovation in the port-related sectors show that multi-dimensional innovation encompassing technological, managerial, organisational and cultural aspects is prevailing in this industry. So far only a handful of innovation cases are the result of co-operation, generally with other firms upstream or downstream in the maritime supply chain. Ultimately, it emerges, however, that collaborative innovation or co-innovation is the way forward for future maritime- and port-related innovation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 611-629
Issue: 5
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1587794
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1587794
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:5:p:611-629
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Heinen
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Heinen
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Title: Bicycle parking: a systematic review of scientific literature on parking behaviour, parking preferences, and their influence on cycling and travel behaviour
Abstract:
Cycling is experiencing a revival in many cities. Research has focused on the determinants of cycling – in particular the role of the built environment and road infrastructure. Bicycle parking has received little attention – even though bicycles are parked most of the time. This article reviews the scientific literature on bicycle parking and identifies existing gaps in research and knowledge. The review analyses 94 peer-reviewed papers identified through a search in Scopus and Web of Science, in December 2017. The annual number of papers increased 15-fold between 1995 and 2017. Overall, the level of evidence on the importance of bicycle parking is limited. The majority of studies are based on cross-sectional data with the presence of parking as a binary independent variable. Most studies focus on bicycle parking at public transport stops and at work places. Few studies report on bicycle parking throughout cities, and hardly any on parking at residential locations. Bicycle parking supply and quality appears to be a determinant of cycling for current and potential cyclists. Our findings can serve as input for an evidence-based debate on the role of bicycle parking. For practitioners, our research supports investment in bicycle parking, but acknowledges that a proper evaluation of such initiatives needs to be conducted to increase the level of evidence.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 630-656
Issue: 5
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1590477
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1590477
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:5:p:630-656
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacqueline M. Klopp
Author-X-Name-First: Jacqueline M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Klopp
Author-Name: Clemence Cavoli
Author-X-Name-First: Clemence
Author-X-Name-Last: Cavoli
Title: Mapping minibuses in Maputo and Nairobi: engaging paratransit in transportation planning in African cities
Abstract:
Often called paratransit because of their flexible stops, schedules and routes, minibuses make up the bulk of public transport in African cities. Despite their ubiquity and importance, these systems are poorly understood by transportation planners who tend to focus on large-scale urban infrastructure projects such as highways, commuter rail or bus rapid transit systems. The assumption within much of this planning is that these minibus systems are barriers to change and will become at most secondary “feeder” buses within large-scale projects, but structured plans detailing this vision are lacking. This paper argues that frequent failure to collect data and value important paratransit systems as a critical part of transportation in their own right is deeply problematic from the point of view of equity, access and inclusive and effective planning. We ask whether the growing number of bottom up mapping projects of minibus systems can disrupt this status quo. By comparing two mapping projects, Digital Matatus in Nairobi and the Mapa Dos Chapas in Maputo, we find that inclusive, collaborative mapping can help render these minibuses more visible in planning and provoke more grounded and inclusive “planning conversations” on multi-modal integration, passenger information and minibus upgrading, all key but relatively marginalised aspects of creating accessible, low emission, high quality and safe public transport in African cities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 657-676
Issue: 5
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1598513
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1598513
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:5:p:657-676
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samantha Hayes
Author-X-Name-First: Samantha
Author-X-Name-Last: Hayes
Author-Name: Cheryl Desha
Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl
Author-X-Name-Last: Desha
Author-Name: Matthew Burke
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Burke
Author-Name: Mark Gibbs
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbs
Author-Name: Mikhail Chester
Author-X-Name-First: Mikhail
Author-X-Name-Last: Chester
Title: Leveraging socio-ecological resilience theory to build climate resilience in transport infrastructure
Abstract:
Anthropogenic climate change poses risks to transport infrastructure that include disrupted operations, reduced lifespan and increased reconstruction and maintenance costs. Efforts to decrease the vulnerability of transport networks have been largely limited to understanding projected risks through governance and administrative efforts. Where physical adaptation measures have been implemented, these have typically aligned with a traditional “engineering resilience” approach of increasing the strength and rigidity of assets to withstand the impacts of climate change and maintain a stable operating state. Such systems have limited agility and are susceptible to failure from “surprise events”. Addressing these limitations, this paper considers an alternate approach to resilience, inspired by natural ecosystems that sense conditions in real-time, embrace multi-functionality and evolve in response to changing environmental conditions. Such systems embrace and thrive on unpredictability and instability. This paper synthesises key literature in climate adaptation and socio-ecological resilience theory to propose a shift in paradigm for transport infrastructure design, construction and operation, towards engineered systems that can transform, evolve and internally manage vulnerability. The authors discuss the opportunity for biomimicry (innovation inspired by nature) as an enabling discipline for supporting resilient and regenerative infrastructure, introducing three potential tools and frameworks. The authors conclude the importance of leveraging socio-ecological resilience theory, building on the achievements in engineering resilience over the past century. These findings have immediate practical applications in redefining resilience approaches for new transport infrastructure projects and transport infrastructure renewal.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 677-699
Issue: 5
Volume: 39
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1612480
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1612480
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:39:y:2019:i:5:p:677-699
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia
Author-X-Name-Last: Loukaitou-Sideris
Title: Special issue on walking
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 131-134
Issue: 2
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1712044
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1712044
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:2:p:131-134
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie Geraldine Herrmann-Lunecke
Author-X-Name-First: Marie Geraldine
Author-X-Name-Last: Herrmann-Lunecke
Author-Name: Rodrigo Mora
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo
Author-X-Name-Last: Mora
Author-Name: Lake Sagaris
Author-X-Name-First: Lake
Author-X-Name-Last: Sagaris
Title: Persistence of walking in Chile: lessons for urban sustainability
Abstract:
An extensive body of work from the urban planning, health, and other disciplines has documented the importance of walking to urban sustainability from health, safety, security, environmental and other perspectives. These studies come mainly from countries in North America and Europe, where the majority of the population relies on cars for transportation. Notwithstanding, in many countries in the Global South, walking remains a majority transport mode, while cars increasingly dominate the urban streetscape, but are accessible only to a minority of the population. Chile provides fertile terrain for studying this phenomenon. This article reviews current practice and recent research of walking in Chile, in light of international findings regarding walkability, equity and urban sustainability. To elaborate an overview of the depth and breadth of walking in Chile, an interdisciplinary team conducted a literature review, examined relevant case study material from experience from Chile and in particular from Santiago, and triangulated this mainly qualitative data with results from the origin-destination survey applied in Chile’s main cities, Chilean traffic safety data) and results from official transport reports of other Latin American cities [Tirachini, A. (2019). South America: The challenge of transition. In J. Stanley & D. Hensher (Eds.), A research agenda for transport policy. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing]. Findings show that despite priority public investments that have largely prioritised infrastructure for cars, walking in Chile has remained as the majority transport mode up until today, especially for lower-middle income groups, and particularly for care-related tasks performed mainly by women. In this sense, walking in Chile has proven remarkably persistent. The importance of walking as the main transport mode, against the odds, reflects economic, cultural, and urban form determinants, which are explored in this article. Furthermore, a recent upsurge in public interest and community design initiatives to improve walking, particularly the generation of a Chilean approach to “complete streets” has emerged, opening up opportunities to challenge Chile’s version of automobility in favour of more equitable, active and public transportation modes. There is, therefore, in Chile an opportunity to prioritise the walking mode, improve infrastructure for walkers and build from preserving current high pedestrian modal shares, rather than having to reverse widespread car use, as occurs in many countries in Europe and North America. This potential is highly relevant as these conditions are similar to those in other Latin American cities and, potentially, other cities elsewhere in the Global South.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 135-159
Issue: 2
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1712494
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1712494
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:2:p:135-159
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dennis van Soest
Author-X-Name-First: Dennis
Author-X-Name-Last: van Soest
Author-Name: Miles R. Tight
Author-X-Name-First: Miles R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tight
Author-Name: Christopher D. F. Rogers
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher D. F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rogers
Title: Exploring the distances people walk to access public transport
Abstract:
A shift from private motorised transport to more active transportation can, among other things, deliver significant health benefits. The main disadvantage of active transport (in particular walking) for most people compared to private motorised transport is the limited range. Public transport (PT) can complement the use of active modes and extend their range. Therefore, there might be potential to increase physical activity through an increase in PT use. This article takes a closer look at how walking relates to the use of PT by examining existing literature on the topic. It aims to study how far people walk to and from PT and what key factors influence this. Scopus, Transport Research International Documentation and Web of Science have been searched systematically for relevant articles, conference papers and books. After screening of titles and abstracts, 41 relevant publications were identified. Studies were included if they quantified the amount of walking (measured as either distance or time) that is directly related to the use of PT. Studies that quantified walking using general measures of daily physical activity or daily walking or that used stated preference designs were excluded. The PT systems considered in this paper are mass transport systems in urban areas, either road- or rail-based, with fixed schedules and stops. Demand responsive transport services, which can offer door-to-door travel, are not considered, as these systems can to a large extent eliminate the need to walk. In the identified publications, a large variety of walking distances and times have been reported, and these seem to be highly context-specific. The paper establishes the evidence for the wide range of factors that influence walking related to PT, which have been categorised as personal, PT-related, environmental, and journey-related. The different methods that have been used are discussed by critically analysing their advantages and limitations. Only a limited number of these methods used allow for an accurate assessment of the walking distances to and from PT. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research, such as a need for more accurate measurement of walking and research in different geographical areas to shed light on underlying influences of culture and climate.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 160-182
Issue: 2
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1575491
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1575491
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:2:p:160-182
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julian Arellana
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Arellana
Author-Name: María Saltarín
Author-X-Name-First: María
Author-X-Name-Last: Saltarín
Author-Name: Ana Margarita Larrañaga
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Margarita
Author-X-Name-Last: Larrañaga
Author-Name: Vilma Alvarez
Author-X-Name-First: Vilma
Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez
Author-Name: César Augusto Henao
Author-X-Name-First: César Augusto
Author-X-Name-Last: Henao
Title: Urban walkability considering pedestrians’ perceptions of the built environment: a 10-year review and a case study in a medium-sized city in Latin America
Abstract:
Numerous methodologies measuring walkability have been developed over the last years. This paper reviews the Walkability Index (WI) literature of the last decade (2009–2018) and highlights some limitations in the current approaches. Only a few studies have evaluated walkability in Latin America, mainly in big cities but not in medium and small-sized cities in the region, which present their own urbanisation dynamics, security issues, sidewalk invasion problems, and poor planning. Furthermore, most WIs in the literature use objective mesoscale variables to assess walkability in a given area. This paper contributes to filling these gaps by generating new evidence from a medium-sized city in Latin America to question if characteristics of the built environment encourage walking trips, as found in the literature, are transferable among regions. The study also proposes a novel index comprised of microscale and mesoscale built environment variables to assess walkability using virtual tools and considering users’ perceptions. The WI estimation relies on ranking probability models. The results of the case study suggest that subjective Security and Traffic Safety are the most crucial factors influencing walkability in these kind of cities, which is different from what is found in the literature from cities in developed countries where Sidewalk Condition and Attractiveness are the most important factors. Security appeared to be strongly associated with a subjective dimension, represented by the fear of crime or perceived risk for crime, instead of the actual occurrence of crimes. This result evidences the importance of the physical attributes of the real world and how they are captured, judged, and processed by pedestrians. Then, regional transferability of WIs needs to be done carefully. Finally, results in this paper highlight the importance of microscale built environment characteristics in the WI formulation in these cities. Results are in line with other research in some cities of the region, which found that microscale variables such as pavement quality and presence of obstacles on the sidewalks are relevant components to promote walkability.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 183-203
Issue: 2
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1703842
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1703842
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:2:p:183-203
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dipanjan Nag
Author-X-Name-First: Dipanjan
Author-X-Name-Last: Nag
Author-Name: Arkopal Kishore Goswami
Author-X-Name-First: Arkopal Kishore
Author-X-Name-Last: Goswami
Author-Name: Ankit Gupta
Author-X-Name-First: Ankit
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta
Author-Name: Joy Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Joy
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Title: Assessing urban sidewalk networks based on three constructs: a synthesis of pedestrian level of service literature
Abstract:
Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) models are widely used to assess walking facilities. These models have been in existence since the 1970s, wherein the process broadly consists of three steps, i.e. attribute selection, model calibration, and classification of model results into service-level categories, based on Measures of Effectiveness (MOEs). This paper reviews existing sidewalk PLOS studies based on their association with the three constructs of flow characteristics, built environment and users’ perception, which in combination represents the entire walking environment spectrum, as has been indicated by existing researchers. Forty-seven PLOS studies, along with eight review papers, written by authors from the Americas, Europe, Asia and Australia, between the years of 1971 and 2019, are analysed in this review. The review finds that although 49% of the studies employed both qualitative and quantitative data for their respective methodologies, but none of them use all the three broad constructs in a combined fashion. Also, in selecting the attributes to be used for developing the PLOS, these studies have only referred to previous literature available at that point in time, and not employed any consistent and robust method in selecting context-specific attributes. When it came to the preferred analysis technique, 60% of the studies favoured the use of the regression technique while calibrating their model, whereas 22% used a points-based marking scheme. Finally, 89% of the studies manually classifies the PLOS model results to respective service levels (i.e. letter grades), as opposed to utilising a classification algorithm. In addition, this review could identify only one paper that describes a PLOS based on pedestrian route directness, which is a measure of pedestrian network connectivity. In view of these findings, the review paper suggests the need of a robust methodology in selection of attributes and the use of innovative modelling techniques, both of which could allow the utilisation of all three constructs. Also, such advanced modelling techniques could bypass the need for categorising service levels manually. Finally, the study advocates the use of network connectivity measures in developing sidewalk PLOS, as it is an important part of the built environment.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 204-240
Issue: 2
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1703841
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1703841
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:2:p:204-240
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bramka Arga Jafino
Author-X-Name-First: Bramka Arga
Author-X-Name-Last: Jafino
Author-Name: Jan Kwakkel
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kwakkel
Author-Name: Alexander Verbraeck
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Verbraeck
Title: Transport network criticality metrics: a comparative analysis and a guideline for selection
Abstract:
Transport network criticality analysis aims at ranking transport infrastructure elements based on their contribution to the performance of the overall infrastructure network. Despite the wide variety of transport network criticality metrics, little guidance is available on selecting metrics that are fit for the specific purpose of a study. To address this gap, this study reviews, evaluates and compares seventeen criticality metrics. First, we conceptually evaluate these metrics in terms of the functionality of the transport system that the metrics try to represent (either maintaining connectivity, reducing travel cost, or improving accessibility), the underlying ethical principles (either utilitarianism or egalitarianism), and the spatial aggregation considered by the metrics (either network-wide or localised). Next, we empirically compare the metrics by calculating them for eight transport networks. We define the empirical similarity between two metrics as the degree to which they yield similar rankings of infrastructure elements. Pairs of metrics that have high empirical similarity highlight the same set of transport infrastructure elements as critical. We find that empirical similarity is partly dependent on the network’s topology. We also observe that metrics that are conceptually similar do not necessarily have high empirical similarity. Based on the insights from the conceptual and empirical comparison, we propose a five-step guideline for transport authorities and analysts to identify the set of criticality metrics to use which best aligns with the nature of their policy questions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 241-264
Issue: 2
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1703843
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1703843
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:2:p:241-264
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: Electric cars – they may in time increase car use without effective road pricing reform and risk lifecycle carbon emission increases
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 265-266
Issue: 3
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1709273
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1709273
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:3:p:265-266
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaodong Guan
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaodong
Author-X-Name-Last: Guan
Author-Name: Donggen Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Donggen
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Xinyu Jason Cao
Author-X-Name-First: Xinyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Jason Cao
Title: The role of residential self-selection in land use-travel research: a review of recent findings
Abstract:
Residential self-selection (RSS) is an important concern in the land use-travel research. Although many studies have addressed RSS during the past two decades, empirical results are inconsistent in terms of the existence, magnitude, and direction of self-selection bias. Moreover, recent studies substantiated other plausible associations within the theoretical framework of RSS, such as the endogeneity of travel attitudes. These further complicate the role of RSS in the land use-travel relationship. To improve understanding, this paper summarises recent progress in the RSS research, especially the studies published in the last decade. Specifically, we review three types of influences among the built environment, attitudes, and travel behaviour, and discuss unsolved problems within each type. We also discuss measurement issues of the built environment and attitudes in the RSS research. Because attitudes could be confounders, moderators, and mediators of the link between the built environment and travel behaviour, we recommend panel data with at least three waves of household travel surveys to address the complicated influences of attitudes. Future research needs to be more process-oriented to better understand the nature of RSS and its complex roles in the land use-travel research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 267-287
Issue: 3
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1692965
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1692965
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:3:p:267-287
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anil NP Koushik
Author-X-Name-First: Anil NP
Author-X-Name-Last: Koushik
Author-Name: M. Manoj
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Manoj
Author-Name: N. Nezamuddin
Author-X-Name-First: N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nezamuddin
Title: Machine learning applications in activity-travel behaviour research: a review
Abstract:
This paper reviews the activity-travel behaviour literature that employs Machine Learning (ML) techniques for empirical analysis and modelling. Machine Learning algorithms, which attempt to build intelligence utilizing the availability of large amounts of data, have emerged as powerful tools in the fields of pattern recognition and big data analysis. These techniques have been applied in activity-travel behaviour studies since the early ’90s when Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were employed to model mode choice decisions. AMOS, an activity-based modelling system developed in the mid-’90s, has ANN at its core to model and predict individual responses to travel demand management measures. In the dawn of 2000, ALBATROSS, a comprehensive activity-based travel demand modelling system, was proposed by Arentze and Timmermans using Decision Trees. Since then researchers have been exploring ML techniques like Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision Trees (DT), Neural Networks (NN), Bayes Classifiers, and more recently, Ensemble Learners to model and predict activity-travel behaviour. A large number of publications over the years and an upward trend in the number of published articles over time indicate that Machine Learning is a promising tool for activity-travel behaviour analysis and prediction. This article, first of its kind in the literature, reviews these studies and explores the trends in activity-travel behaviour research that apply ML techniques. The review finds that mode choice decisions have received wide attention in the literature on ML applications. It was observed that most of the studies identify the lack of interpretability as a serious shortcoming in ML techniques. However, very few studies have attempted to improve the interpretability of the models. Further, some studies report the importance of feature engineering in ML-based studies, but very few studies adopt feature engineering before model development. Spatiotemporal transferability of models is another issue that has received minimal attention in the literature. In the end, the paper discusses possible directions for future research in the area of activity-travel behaviour modelling using ML techniques.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 288-311
Issue: 3
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1704307
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1704307
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:3:p:288-311
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco Calderón
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco
Author-X-Name-Last: Calderón
Author-Name: Eric J. Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Eric J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Title: A literature review of mobility services: definitions, modelling state-of-the-art, and key considerations for a conceptual modelling framework
Abstract:
This paper presents a comprehensive literature review focused on the supply side of mobility services, providing relevant insights at the conceptual, operational, and modelling levels. Definitions are first drawn from the Mobility as a Service paradigm due to its predominance in the literature. This is followed by an assessment of the operational features of a range of mobility services, including carsharing, bikesharing, ridehailing, and demand responsive transit. To conclude the review, the state-of-the-art in modelling approaches for mobility services is reported, at different levels of complexity and integration. Three of the most important findings and arguments from this paper suggest that a high degree of generality exists for operational features of mobility services; that it is essential to make a distinction between Mobility as a Service and a mobility service in isolation; along with the argument that human agency should be carefully considered in modelling efforts, both for user agent and driver agent decision-making processes. Finally, key considerations are proposed for the future development of a conceptual framework for modelling the supply side of mobility services, which would have a generic service provider model as its core component.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 312-332
Issue: 3
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1704916
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1704916
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:3:p:312-332
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zheyan Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Zheyan
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Dea van Lierop
Author-X-Name-First: Dea
Author-X-Name-Last: van Lierop
Author-Name: Dick Ettema
Author-X-Name-First: Dick
Author-X-Name-Last: Ettema
Title: Dockless bike-sharing systems: what are the implications?
Abstract:
The emergence of dockless bike-sharing services has revolutionised bike-sharing markets in recent years, and the dramatic growth of shared bike fleets in China, as well as their rapid expansion throughout the world, exceeds prior expectations. An understanding of the impacts of these new dockless bike-sharing systems is of vital importance for system operations, transportation and urban planning research. This paper provides a first overview of the emerging literature on implications of dockless bike-sharing systems for users' travel behaviour, user experience, and relevant social impacts of dockless bike-sharing systems. Our review suggests that the dockless design of bike-sharing systems significantly improves users' experiences at the end of their bike trips. Individuals can instantly switch to a dockless shared bike without the responsibility of returning it back to a designated dock. Additionally, the high flexibility and efficiency of dockless bike-sharing often makes the bike-sharing systems' integration with public transit even tighter than that of traditional public bikes, providing an efficient option for first/last-mile trips. The GPS tracking device embedded in each dockless shared bike enables the unprecedented collection of large-scale riding trajectory data, which allow scholars to analyse people's travel behaviour in new ways. Although many studies have investigated travel satisfaction amongst cyclists, there is a lack of knowledge of the satisfaction with bikeshare trips, including both station-based and dockless bikeshare systems. The availability and usage rates of dockless bike-sharing systems implies that they may seriously impact on individuals' subjective well-being by influencing their satisfaction with their travel experiences, health and social participation, which requires further exploration. The impact of dockless bike-sharing on users' access to services and social activities and the related decreases in social exclusion are also relevant issues about which knowledge is lacking. With the increases in popularity of dockless shared bikes in some cities, issues related to the equity and access and the implications for social exclusion and inequality are also raised.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 333-353
Issue: 3
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1710306
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2019.1710306
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:3:p:333-353
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giovanni Vecchio
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni
Author-X-Name-Last: Vecchio
Author-Name: Ignacio Tiznado-Aitken
Author-X-Name-First: Ignacio
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiznado-Aitken
Author-Name: Ricardo Hurtubia
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Hurtubia
Title: Transport and equity in Latin America: a critical review of socially oriented accessibility assessments
Abstract:
A growing concern for mobility-related social inclusion and equity is evident from both academic research and planning best practices. Scholarly research promotes accessibility as the main aim of transport planning, assuming it as the evaluative approach that better conveys how mobility contributes to individuals' well-being and participation in social life. Accessibility can be crucial to address the socio-spatial inequalities that characterise manifold settings across the world. Amongst them, Latin American countries have been keen in tackling such imbalances through mobility-related interventions, as the renowned cases of Curitiba, Medellin and Bogotá show. The widespread interest in mobility as both a cause and effect of social disparities has generated an increasing stream of work that examines Latin American settings through the lenses of accessibility. This paper aims at critically reviewing the growing scholarly works that, providing accessibility-based evaluations, has examined issues of transport and equity in Latin America. Proposing a novel conceptual framework that considers the underlying ethical stance, components of accessibility and implications for planning and policy, this work examines what approaches, features and indicators are present in the current literature, as well as what settings have been taken into consideration by scholarly research. Moreover, the review has an explicit operational interest, to define what indicators are relevant or missing to assess accessibility in the light of social concerns, as well as to consider the current and potential implications that such research findings have on transport planning and policy. The review highlights how a growing but still limited body of work has examined transport and equity in Latin America, suggesting academic, technical and operational avenues to enhance theoretical and practical approaches to the issue.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 354-381
Issue: 3
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1711828
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1711828
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:3:p:354-381
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zeeshan Raza
Author-X-Name-First: Zeeshan
Author-X-Name-Last: Raza
Author-Name: Martin Svanberg
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Svanberg
Author-Name: Bart Wiegmans
Author-X-Name-First: Bart
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegmans
Title: Modal shift from road haulage to short sea shipping: a systematic literature review and research directions
Abstract:
Modal shift from road haulage to short sea shipping (SSS) has been advocated by authorities and researchers for more than two decades. This paper provides a review of literature on modal shift and pinpoints paths for future research on topics in six categories: (1) factors influencing SSS competitiveness, (2) the policy-oriented perspective, (3) environmental legislation, (4) SSS performance, (5) port characteristics, and (6) the multi-agent perspective. In particular, we propose first, in evaluating the performance of SSS versus road haulage in different trade corridors, three performance-related dimensions – the economic dimension (e.g. external costs), the environmental dimension, and the dimension of service quality – should be considered. Second, researchers should use rich, real-world, numerical data and operational research techniques to identify the relative importance of individual drivers and barriers for a modal shift from road haulage to SSS. Third proposed direction is related to assessing which groups of actors certain policies should target. In doing so, researchers should extend their policy-related focus beyond the European Union, which has long encompassed the major geopolitical scope of research on the modal shift. Fourth, to moderate the adverse impact of environmental legislation on SSS, strategic solutions need to be identified. Fifth, we also suggest that the influence of contingencies, particularly port strikes and cyberattacks, on SSS operations and approaches for managing them should be investigated. Sixth, the economic and financial advantages of coordination and alliance for each transport chain agent need to be evaluated.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 382-406
Issue: 3
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1714789
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1714789
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:3:p:382-406
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee
Title: Are all paper citations equal?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 407-410
Issue: 4
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1726104
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1726104
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:4:p:407-410
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ing-Marie Gren
Author-X-Name-First: Ing-Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Gren
Author-Name: Andreas Brutemark
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Brutemark
Author-Name: Annika K. Jägerbrand
Author-X-Name-First: Annika K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jägerbrand
Author-Name: Jennie Barthel Svedén
Author-X-Name-First: Jennie Barthel
Author-X-Name-Last: Svedén
Title: Costs of air pollutants from shipping: a meta-regression analysis
Abstract:
This study estimated the external cost of air pollution from shipping by means of a meta-regression analysis, which has not been made before. Three pollutants, which were included in most of the primary studies, were considered: nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxides (SO2) and particulate matters with a diameter of max 2.5 micrometres (PM2.5). All primary studies included damages of health and a majority added impacts on agriculture and estimated the cost of air pollutants by transferring cost estimates from studies on costs of air emissions from transports in Europe. Different regression models and estimators were used and robust results were found of statistically significant emission elasticities of below one, i.e. total external costs increase by less than 1% when emissions increase by 1%. There was a small variation between the pollutants, with the highest elasticity for PM2.5 and lowest for NOx. Calculations of the marginal external cost of the pollutants showed the same pattern, with this cost being approximately six times higher for PM2.5 than for the other pollutants. Common to all pollutants was that the marginal external cost decreases when emission increases. Another robust result was a significant increase in the cost of studies published in journals compared with other publication outlets. These findings point out some caution when transferring constant external unit cost of air pollutant from shipping, which is much applied in the literature, and the cost functions estimated in this study could thus provide a complementary transfer mechanism.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 411-428
Issue: 4
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1723733
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1723733
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:4:p:411-428
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacek Pawlak
Author-X-Name-First: Jacek
Author-X-Name-Last: Pawlak
Title: Travel-based multitasking: review of the role of digital activities and connectivity
Abstract:
Travel-based multitasking, also referred to as travel time use, is now a well-established concept, whose existence is supported by the technological trajectories, with mobile information and communication technologies (ICT) and vehicle automation working together to allow travel time to be more productive and enjoyable. Despite existence of reviews of travel-time multitasking studies, the systematic overview of the role digital activities, i.e. those that necessarily require modern ICT equipment to participate, has been limited, often wrapped under the umbrella term “use of ICT”, potentially obscuring their complexity and sophistication. Similarly, the role of connectivity and its attributes, e.g. speed (bandwidth), reliability, price, ease of use, data allowance or security, deserves a more systematic overview given its key role in enabling digital online activities and hence the travel-based multitasking options. This paper provides a review of 77 empirical travel-based multitasking-studies that explored the role of digital activities or connectivity. In particular, the review discusses the existing typologies of digital activities, dividing them into hardware-centric, function-centric or a combination of both (mixed). Subsequently, key contributions are discussed with respect to the treatment of digital activities and connectivity and its attributes. Based on the review, it is possible to observe that the existing studies have looked only at a handful of rather restricted online activities that do not sufficiently capture the sophistication with which individuals interact with the virtual world nowadays. Furthermore, the role of connectivity, although deeply embedded in the “C” of the “ICT” concept, has not been looked at or modelled in any detail in studies related to travel time use or its quality. This existing shortcoming might have resulted in an insufficient understanding of the mechanisms driving travel time use, the associated experience indicators of customer satisfaction, productivity or the consequences for relative attractiveness of transport modes. All of these considerations remain, however, crucial for designing, appraising and operating transport infrastructure and services that are able to take the advantage of lifestyle digitisation to meet the increasing customer needs while also delivering broader economic, social benefits and possibly also environmental benefits.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 429-456
Issue: 4
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1728418
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1728418
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:4:p:429-456
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nikola Bešinović
Author-X-Name-First: Nikola
Author-X-Name-Last: Bešinović
Title: Resilience in railway transport systems: a literature review and research agenda
Abstract:
Critical infrastructure networks, such as transport and power networks, are essential for the functioning of a society and economy. The rising transport demand increases the congestion in railway networks and thus they become more interdependent and more complex to operate. Also, an increasing number of disruptions due to system failures as well as climate changes can be expected in the future. As a consequence, many trains are cancelled and excessively delayed, and thus, many passengers are not reaching their destinations which compromises customers need for mobility. Currently, there is a rising need to quantify impacts of disruptions and the evolution of system performance. This review paper aims to set-up a field-specific definition of resilience in railway transport and gives a comprehensive, up-to-date review of railway resilience papers. The focus is on quantitative approaches. The review analyses peer-reviewed papers in Web of Science and Scopus from January 2008 to August 2019. The results show a steady increase of the number of published papers in recent years. The review classifies resilience metrics and approaches. It has been recognised that system-based metrics tend to better capture effects on transport services and transport demand. Also, mathematical optimization shows a great potential to assess and improve resilience of railway systems. Alternatively, data-driven approaches could be potentially used for detailed ex-post analysis of past disruptions. Finally, several rising future scientific topics are identified, spanning from learning from historical data, to considering interdependent critical systems and community resilience. Practitioners can also benefit from the review to understand a common terminology, recognise possible applications for assessing and designing resilient railway transport systems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 457-478
Issue: 4
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1728419
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1728419
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:4:p:457-478
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yimeng Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Yimeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Cheng-Lung Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Lung
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Tay T.R. Koo
Author-X-Name-First: Tay T.R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Koo
Author-Name: Ian Douglas
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Douglas
Title: Determinants of airport retail revenue: a review of literature
Abstract:
As the airport retail industry continues to grow due to increasing travel demands, airport operators are increasingly developing their retail revenue potential to ensure financial viability. This study aims to provide a review of airport retail literature and identify the salient factors associated with passenger shopping behaviour. The paper presents a review of contemporary airport retail literature, covering a total of 50 studies from 1998 to 2018. The review identified 26 factors, which could broadly be grouped into five categories: airport/operator related; passengers' demographic related; passengers’ travel related; passengers’ psychological related and passengers’ resources related. In addition to providing a summary of the statistically significant factors across studies, the review identifies and discusses potential approaches for future research. These include the importance of considering both “to spend or not” decision and how much to spend and how most empirical studies focussed on the former; the gap in empirical analysis on the impact of airport terminal design layout on retail performance; and the gap in application of general consumer shopping behavioural models to airport retail problems. The paper concludes with the suggestion that we can build on the existing studies to develop a hybrid approach to solve several of the identified gaps simultaneously.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 479-505
Issue: 4
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1738586
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1738586
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:4:p:479-505
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fangni Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Fangni
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Daniel J. Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Title: Air transport and economic growth: a review of the impact mechanism and causal relationships
Abstract:
The impacts of air transport on the economy arise both directly, via activity in the aviation sector; and indirectly, via increased spending and wider economic benefits associated with improved access to resources, markets, technology and economic mass. Economic activity, in turn, supports and generates demand for air transport. Despite its potential importance, the reciprocal nature of the causal relationship between air transport and economic performance has remained somewhat understudied. This paper provides a synthesis review of the channels the aviation sector interacts with regional economy. The review focuses on quantitative studies that contribute to the state-of-the-art understandings of the causality. We find that the reciprocal causal relationship is more likely to prevail in less developed economies. For more developed economies, only one direction of the causality is recognised, which runs from air transport to economic growth. Especially substantial is the effect of airline enplanement on service-related employment. The reverse direction of the relationship is, however, not as significant as believed in a causal sense within the developed world. Therefore, cautions need to be taken when applying income elasticities (such as the elasticity of air passenger demand with respect to GDP) in air travel demand forecasting, which implicitly assumes that economic growth causally leads to air traffic increment. Based on the fundamental links between air transport and economic growth, some typical imperfections and inefficiencies in aviation markets are discussed and promising avenues for future research are proposed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 506-528
Issue: 4
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1738587
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1738587
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:4:p:506-528
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lele Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Lele
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Zhongqi Yuan
Author-X-Name-First: Zhongqi
Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan
Author-Name: Li Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Li
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Zhiyuan Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Title: Recent developments in traffic flow modeling using macroscopic fundamental diagram
Abstract:
This paper presents an overview of the recent developments in traffic flow modelling and analysis using macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) as well as their applications. In recent literature, various aggregated traffic models have been proposed and studied to analyse traffic flow while enhancing network efficiency. Many of these studies have focused on models based on MFD that describes the relationship between aggregated flow and aggregated density of transport networks. The analysis of MFD has been carried out based on experimental data collected from sensors and GPS, as well as simulation models. Several factors are found to influence the existence and shape of MFD, including traffic demand, network and signal settings, and route choices. As MFD can well express the traffic dynamics of large urban transport networks, it has been extensively applied to traffic studies, including the development of network-wide control strategies, network partitioning, performance evaluation, and road pricing. This work also presents future extensions and research directions for MFD-based traffic modelling and applications.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 529-550
Issue: 4
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1743918
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1743918
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:4:p:529-550
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: What might Covid-19 mean for mobility as a service (MaaS)?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 551-556
Issue: 5
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1770487
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1770487
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:5:p:551-556
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fahimeh Khalaj
Author-X-Name-First: Fahimeh
Author-X-Name-Last: Khalaj
Author-Name: Dorina Pojani
Author-X-Name-First: Dorina
Author-X-Name-Last: Pojani
Author-Name: Neil Sipe
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Sipe
Author-Name: Jonathan Corcoran
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Corcoran
Title: Why are cities removing their freeways? A systematic review of the literature
Abstract:
A scientific consensus has recently emerged suggesting that the dominant twentieth century paradigm of solving transportation congestion problems by building more freeways failed. The legacy of the freeway construction era is clearly visible in polluted and congested cities worldwide. To battle these ills, planning academics have been promoting more sustainable built form aligned with dedicated public/active transport provision. Partly as a result of the push coming from academia, a number of cities have sought to remove their freeways and replace the freed up space with alternate transport infrastructure, such as streets and boulevards. To discern if the transportation planning profession is currently undergoing a paradigm shift or whether freeway removal is merely a temporary fad, we have conducted a systematic review of the literature. In this article, we unpack the underlying reasons which have led some cities to removing their freeways. Results reveal that a paradigm shift has arguably not yet taken place in transportation planning. While many cities are creating human-scale and active transport spaces, currently these spaces tend to coexist alongside freeways. American cities, which were once the pioneers of freeway construction, appear to be lagging behind cities in Europe and Asia in this respect. If the current pace of freeway removal continues, it may take a few decades before the transportation planners, politicians, policy makers, and communities adopt radically different norms, methods, and goals. However, a radical approach may need to be taken sooner given alarming global warming predictions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 557-580
Issue: 5
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1743919
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1743919
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:5:p:557-580
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Sivanandham
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sivanandham
Author-Name: M. S. Gajanand
Author-X-Name-First: M. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gajanand
Title: Platooning for sustainable freight transportation: an adoptable practice in the near future?
Abstract:
Platooning is an emerging transportation practice that has the potential to solve the problems of the burgeoning transportation industry. A platoon is a group of vehicles, with vehicle to vehicle communication, that travel closely behind one another such that the platoon can accelerate, brake and cruise together. Platoons can improve road safety, be energy efficient and reduce costs. Its complete socio-economic benefits include congestion mitigation, smoother traffic flow, better lane usage and throughput, incentives for green logistics and driver safety. The long-term effect of platooning on road transportation, if extensively deployed, would be better organised traffic flow and efficient tracking of vehicles on the road ushering a multilevel positive impact on the industry. In this study, we attempt to answer the critical question of whether platooning is an adoptable practice in the near future and discuss an agenda to take platooning closer to implementation on the ground by highlighting the opportunities for future research. We also present a conceptual framework to help researchers, academicians, policy makers and practitioners for the adoption of platooning into the transportation industry.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 581-606
Issue: 5
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1747568
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1747568
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:5:p:581-606
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeroen Bastiaanssen
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen
Author-X-Name-Last: Bastiaanssen
Author-Name: Daniel Johnson
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson
Author-Name: Karen Lucas
Author-X-Name-First: Karen
Author-X-Name-Last: Lucas
Title: Does transport help people to gain employment? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the empirical evidence
Abstract:
The role of transport in providing access to employment has received considerable attention. Since transport policies may be motivated by assumed effects on employment probability outcomes, it is important to establish the nature of the relationship between transport and employment outcomes. While the majority of the empirical evidence suggests a positive association, it is not conclusive or consistent and often shows mixed results. To address this confusion, our study has systematically reviewed this evidence base and synthesised it through meta-analysis. We first identified 93 studies that quantitatively assessed the impact of transport on employment outcomes. By systematically merging the empirical evidence, this study establishes a positive association between transport and employment outcomes, with varying effects for four identified categories of transport measures (or combinations thereof): car ownership, public transport access, commute times, and job accessibility levels. This positive association persists in studies that control for endogeneity between transport and employment, but a larger evidence base is needed to establish a more robust relationship, in particular for cities and smaller (rural) areas outside the US-context and with regard to public transport. We then selected 20 methodologically comparable studies for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Our meta-regression models clearly demonstrate that car ownership significantly increases individual employment probabilities, in particular among welfare recipients. Young drivers benefit from access to household cars when these are not in use by their parents, and they are more sensitive to the time and cost implications of longer commutes. While our systematic review suggests that better access to public transport and higher levels of job accessibility increases employment probabilities, meta-regression analysis requires more consistent transport measures. The findings in this study are important for policymakers in that they imply that job seekers may benefit from public policies targeted at improving their access to public transport, in particular for people without access to cars and in areas with fewer job opportunities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 607-628
Issue: 5
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1747569
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1747569
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:5:p:607-628
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wenjie Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Wenjie
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Siqi Zheng
Author-X-Name-First: Siqi
Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng
Author-Name: Bing Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Bing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Minzhe Du
Author-X-Name-First: Minzhe
Author-X-Name-Last: Du
Title: Impacts of rail transit access on land and housing values in China: a quantitative synthesis
Abstract:
Rail transit investment has been viewed as a prominent policy instrument for local and regional development. However, little is known about to what extent the theorised changes in land and housing values arising from rail transit access can be substantiated by evidence in a large developing country context. This paper presents a quantitative review of empirical studies that analysed the impacts of rail transit access on land and housing values in China. We review empirical analyses in 67 studies from 1997 to 2018 for which we encode quantitative results along with a range of theoretically combinations of spatially contextual characteristics, data and methodological-design characteristics. The results show that there are significant variations in the size estimates of effects of rail transit access across studies. Such variations are associated with rail project types, data and methodological designs. Our study provides the insights on what has already been known and what needs to be known on evaluating real estate consequences of rail transit improvements in developing countries.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 629-645
Issue: 5
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1747570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1747570
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:5:p:629-645
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Prescott
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Prescott
Author-Name: Delphine Labbé
Author-X-Name-First: Delphine
Author-X-Name-Last: Labbé
Author-Name: William C. Miller
Author-X-Name-First: William C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Author-Name: Jaimie Borisoff
Author-X-Name-First: Jaimie
Author-X-Name-Last: Borisoff
Author-Name: Robert Feick
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Feick
Author-Name: William Ben Mortenson
Author-X-Name-First: William Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Mortenson
Title: Factors that affect the ability of people with disabilities to walk or wheel to destinations in their community: a scoping review
Abstract:
It is essential that the pedestrian environment accommodates all users so they can participate in everything the community has to offer. However, people with disabilities (PWDs) often find it difficult to navigate this environment because of physical and social accessibility factors. While we know a great deal about which factors act as barriers and facilitators to mobility, we do not know enough about how they influence navigation (i.e. planning a route, en route decisions, and route learning) or how they can be improved. A scoping review was conducted to identify these factors, assess their implications, and suggest future directions. In total, 3394 studies were found and screened, 163 full-text articles were reviewed, and 37 articles met the inclusion criteria for the final review. These studies focused on those with visual impairments, navigating crosswalks, and the cognitive elements of navigation. Future research is needed that includes more types of disabilities, considers the navigational process from planning to arrival, and evaluates interventions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 646-669
Issue: 5
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1748139
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1748139
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:5:p:646-669
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Li Meng
Author-X-Name-First: Li
Author-X-Name-Last: Meng
Author-Name: Sekhar Somenahalli
Author-X-Name-First: Sekhar
Author-X-Name-Last: Somenahalli
Author-Name: Stephen Berry
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Berry
Title: Policy implementation of multi-modal (shared) mobility: review of a supply-demand value proposition canvas
Abstract:
Urban mobility options have increased in recent years, assisted by the widespread availability of smart device software apps, geo-positioning technology, and convenient electronic financial transactions. Multi-modal shared mobility consists of public transit systems and shared mobilities that support first/last mile travel, denoting the capability of Mobility as a Service (MaaS), and to stimulate additional non-private car travel demand. This paper reviews the supply and demand sides of implementation of multi-modal shared mobility. It found that an abundance of shared modes of car, bike, and e-scooter that are linked to public transport, can improve transport accessibility to meet specific public preferences, reduce social inequality, and minimise dilemmas from the demand side. This study introduces government policy innovations and other supporting system to improve the implementation of multi-modal shared mobility. Government policies play a key role in supporting shared mobility and technology development. However, governments do not have much information about new products such as shared mobility, which creates difficulties in subsidising multi-modal shared mobility services and potentially leads to policy failures around shared mobility schemes. This study suggests that policy entrepreneurship in collaboration with other partners, policy innovation, and the notions of merit goods and second-best policymaking can enable policy initiatives towards multi-modal shared mobility and provide supporting arguments if policies encounter failures. Implementing multi-modal shared mobility requires a collaborative partnership for a paradigm shift: service providers and government must jointly set a merit-based business model, with the support of organisations to achieve improved infrastructure provision, and smart technology applications. The findings will assist the community, business providers and government policymakers to promote multi-modal shared mobility as a pathway towards more efficient, environmentally sustainable, and socially responsive mobility solutions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 670-684
Issue: 5
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1758237
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1758237
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:5:p:670-684
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom van Vuren
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: van Vuren
Title: The 30-Minute City: Designing for Access
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 685-686
Issue: 5
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1747571
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1747571
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:5:p:685-686
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nihan Akyelken
Author-X-Name-First: Nihan
Author-X-Name-Last: Akyelken
Title: Transport for women: who decides what women need?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 687-688
Issue: 6
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1799162
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1799162
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:6:p:687-688
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lele Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Lele
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Zhongqi Yuan
Author-X-Name-First: Zhongqi
Author-X-Name-Last: Yuan
Author-Name: Li Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Li
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Zhiyuan Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Title: Recent developments in traffic flow modelling using macroscopic fundamental diagram
Abstract:
This paper presents an overview of the recent developments in traffic flow modelling and analysis using macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) as well as their applications. In recent literature, various aggregated traffic models have been proposed and studied to analyze traffic flow while enhancing network efficiency. Many of these studies have focused on models based on MFD that describes the relationship between aggregated flow and aggregated density of transport networks. The analysis of MFD has been carried out based on experimental data collected from sensors and GPS, as well as simulation models. Several factors are found to influence the existence and shape of MFD, including traffic demand, network and signal settings, and route choices. As MFD can well express the traffic dynamics of large urban transport networks, it has been extensively applied to traffic studies, including the development of network-wide control strategies, network partitioning, performance evaluation, and road pricing. This work also presents future extensions and research directions for MFD-based traffic modelling and applications.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 689-710
Issue: 6
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1738588
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1738588
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:6:p:689-710
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felix Creutzig
Author-X-Name-First: Felix
Author-X-Name-Last: Creutzig
Author-Name: Aneeque Javaid
Author-X-Name-First: Aneeque
Author-X-Name-Last: Javaid
Author-Name: Zakia Soomauroo
Author-X-Name-First: Zakia
Author-X-Name-Last: Soomauroo
Author-Name: Steffen Lohrey
Author-X-Name-First: Steffen
Author-X-Name-Last: Lohrey
Author-Name: Nikola Milojevic-Dupont
Author-X-Name-First: Nikola
Author-X-Name-Last: Milojevic-Dupont
Author-Name: Anjali Ramakrishnan
Author-X-Name-First: Anjali
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramakrishnan
Author-Name: Mahendra Sethi
Author-X-Name-First: Mahendra
Author-X-Name-Last: Sethi
Author-Name: Lijing Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Lijing
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Leila Niamir
Author-X-Name-First: Leila
Author-X-Name-Last: Niamir
Author-Name: Christopher Bren d’Amour
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Bren d’Amour
Author-Name: Ulf Weddige
Author-X-Name-First: Ulf
Author-X-Name-Last: Weddige
Author-Name: Dominic Lenzi
Author-X-Name-First: Dominic
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenzi
Author-Name: Martin Kowarsch
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Kowarsch
Author-Name: Luisa Arndt
Author-X-Name-First: Luisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Arndt
Author-Name: Lulzim Baumann
Author-X-Name-First: Lulzim
Author-X-Name-Last: Baumann
Author-Name: Jody Betzien
Author-X-Name-First: Jody
Author-X-Name-Last: Betzien
Author-Name: Lesly Fonkwa
Author-X-Name-First: Lesly
Author-X-Name-Last: Fonkwa
Author-Name: Bettina Huber
Author-X-Name-First: Bettina
Author-X-Name-Last: Huber
Author-Name: Ernesto Mendez
Author-X-Name-First: Ernesto
Author-X-Name-Last: Mendez
Author-Name: Alexandra Misiou
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Misiou
Author-Name: Cameron Pearce
Author-X-Name-First: Cameron
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearce
Author-Name: Paula Radman
Author-X-Name-First: Paula
Author-X-Name-Last: Radman
Author-Name: Paul Skaloud
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Skaloud
Author-Name: J. Marco Zausch
Author-X-Name-First: J. Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Zausch
Title: Fair street space allocation: ethical principles and empirical insights
Abstract:
Urban street space is increasingly contested. However, it is unclear what a fair street space allocation would look like. We develop a framework of ten ethical principles and three normative perspectives on street space – streets for transport, streets for sustainability, and streets as place – and discuss 14 derived street space allocation mechanisms. We contrast these ethically grounded allocation mechanisms with real-world allocation in 18 streets in Berlin. We find that car users, on average, had 3.5 times more space available than non-car users. While some allocation mechanisms are more plausible than others, none is without disputed normative implications. All of the ethical principles, however, suggest that on-street parking for cars is difficult to justify, and that cycling deserves more space. We argue that ethical principles should be systematically integrated into urban and transport planning.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 711-733
Issue: 6
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1762795
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1762795
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:6:p:711-733
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luca Bertolini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini
Title: From “streets for traffic” to “streets for people”: can street experiments transform urban mobility?
Abstract:
Despite their growing application and worldwide diffusion, the transformative potential of experiments aimed at achieving “streets for people” rather than “streets for traffic” remains largely under researched. There is little to no comparative assessment of already existing experiments, and no critical reflection on their specific added value for systemic change. Building from a literature review and discussion, this paper aims to fill this gap by addressing the following questions: Which types of city street experiments have been undertaken in the pursuit of the vision of “streets for people” instead of “streets for traffic”? What are their backgrounds, main characteristics, and reported impacts? And perhaps most importantly: How can these city street experiments trigger systemic change in urban mobility? These elements are detailed per experiment type, in order of ascending functional complexity: the re-marking of streets, the re-purposing of car parking, the re-purposing of sections of streets, and the re-purposing of entire streets. Illustrative examples from practice include intersection repairs, parklets, the pavement to plazas programme, play streets, ciclovias and open streets. The reviewed literature documents positive impacts on physical activity, active transportation, safety and social interaction and capital, and more mixed impacts on business activity. While street experiments aim to create fundamentally different arrangements of urban mobility, their potential as triggers of a greater systemic change is unclear. This paper uses the defining characteristics of “transition experiments” – a concept derived from the field of transition studies – to develop and illustrate a framework to assess this transformative potential. In the conclusions, the review and assessment framework are used to sketch a research and policy agenda for this increasingly topical phenomenon.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 734-753
Issue: 6
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1761907
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1761907
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:6:p:734-753
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabeth Rubie
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubie
Author-Name: Narelle Haworth
Author-X-Name-First: Narelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Haworth
Author-Name: Divera Twisk
Author-X-Name-First: Divera
Author-X-Name-Last: Twisk
Author-Name: Naohide Yamamoto
Author-X-Name-First: Naohide
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamamoto
Title: Influences on lateral passing distance when motor vehicles overtake bicycles: a systematic literature review
Abstract:
Cyclists are often passed by motor vehicles in low-cycling countries where most riding occurs on roads. When passing events occur, the lateral passing distance (LPD) between motor vehicles and bicycles is critically important for objective and subjective safety. This systematic review identified 42 papers reporting 36 independent studies of LPD. Seven papers reported sufficient information to be included in meta-analyses for four different variables; road width, speed limit, on-road bicycle lanes compared to no bicycle lanes and bus versus car. The meta-analyses showed significant positive relationships between LPD and road width, and between LPD and speed limit; and smaller LPDs when cyclists were passed by buses rather than cars. The effect of on-road bicycle infrastructure was inconsistent. Studies that considered cyclist factors such as gender or type of cyclist showed mixed results. Seven out of eight studies found that the closer the cyclist rode to the kerb, the larger the LPD. Lastly, the passing strategy chosen by drivers (accelerative or flying) also showed mixed results. The results of the review are consistent with the predictions of the Multiple Comfort Zone model which predicts that the distance a driver leaves between their vehicle and other road users will be based on attempting to maintain their own comfort zone. Other motor vehicles pose a greater risk to drivers than bicycles, therefore the distance a driver chooses between their vehicle and a bicycle may be compromised if there are other vehicles present or if the available travel space is restricted. As governments around the world grapple with increasing health costs caused by physical inactivity, bicycle riding is being encouraged. Given the importance of the passing manoeuvre for cyclist safety, when designing infrastructure to foster cycling, factors that influence LPD should be considered.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 754-773
Issue: 6
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1768174
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1768174
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:6:p:754-773
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: April Gadsby
Author-X-Name-First: April
Author-X-Name-Last: Gadsby
Author-Name: Kari Watkins
Author-X-Name-First: Kari
Author-X-Name-Last: Watkins
Title: Instrumented bikes and their use in studies on transportation behaviour, safety, and maintenance
Abstract:
Instrumented bikes are a critical tool to understanding cyclist behaviour and preferences to incorporate cycling into modelling, designing, and planning the transportation system. Literature using instrumented bikes for transportation-related research has increased in popularity, especially in the last 6 years. As these studies are growing in number and maturity, now seems a good time to review how the bikes have been used, choices of sensors and methodology, and where there are gaps to be filled by future work. Therefore, the objectives of this literature review are to 1) discuss sensor choice in relation to methodology, 2) review findings from topics studied using instrumented bikes, and 3) discuss gaps in the literature. Two databases were searched for transportation-based literature using instrumented bikes with a total of 75 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The literature was organised into nine focus areas with the most common topics being E-bikes, vehicles passing cyclists, and critical events. The results show that instrumented bikes are versatile tools that can shed light on a variety of aspects of cyclist behaviour and safety as well as how to maintain the system for them. Various sensors were used for these studies, but cameras, GPS, and accelerometers were the most common. The review highlights the importance of study technique (naturalistic vs quasi-naturalistic vs other) on sensor choice with GPS and/or cameras being critical to any naturalistic study. However, GPS and cameras are the most challenging data types to work with due to difficulty and the time-consuming nature of processing the data. The variation in sensors also suggests some need to standardise set-ups for comparison of data across international contexts. Areas for future research are also discussed, including a new perspective for passing-distance studies and incorporating instrumented bikes into the connected vehicle/infrastructure space.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 774-795
Issue: 6
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1769227
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1769227
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:6:p:774-795
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Aguilera
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Aguilera
Author-Name: Joseph Cacciari
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Cacciari
Title: Living with fewer cars: review and challenges on household demotorization
Abstract:
Changing travel behaviour requires a precise understanding of the decision-making processes at work in households, in order to target public policies more effectively. The objective of this paper is to conduct a literature review to identify new research directions in the field of household demotorization, defined as the process of reducing car ownership at the individual household level. We identify three main contributions in the current literature, concerning firstly the quantification of household demotorization, secondly the influence of key events and travel socialisation on the decision to demotorize, and thirdly the role of certain transportation policies. The fourth, concluding section of the paper identifies policy implications and proposes new challenges for research in this field, which we believe deserves greater attention in the near future.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 796-809
Issue: 6
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1772405
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1772405
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:6:p:796-809
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zachary M. Schrag
Author-X-Name-First: Zachary M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Schrag
Title: Last subway: the long wait for the next train in New York City
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 810-811
Issue: 6
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1764663
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1764663
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:6:p:810-811
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel E. Moran
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Moran
Title: Cyclescapes of the unequal city: bicycle infrastructure and uneven development
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 811-814
Issue: 6
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1750502
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1750502
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:6:p:811-814
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Constantinos Antoniou
Author-X-Name-First: Constantinos
Author-X-Name-Last: Antoniou
Title: The accelerating transport innovation revolution: a global, case study-based assessment of current experience, cross-sectorial effects, and socioeconomic transformations
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 814-816
Issue: 6
Volume: 40
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1779385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1779385
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:40:y:2020:i:6:p:814-816
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Author-Name: Ahmed El-Geneidy
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Geneidy
Title: Stepping into the shoes of a giant: A vision statement from the new Editors-in-Chief of Transport Reviews
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-4
Issue: 1
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1848140
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1848140
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:1:p:1-4
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Md Sami Hasnine
Author-X-Name-First: Md Sami
Author-X-Name-Last: Hasnine
Author-Name: Khandker Nurul Habib
Author-X-Name-First: Khandker
Author-X-Name-Last: Nurul Habib
Title: Tour-based mode choice modelling as the core of an activity-based travel demand modelling framework: a review of state-of-the-art
Abstract:
The paper presents a critical review of the methodological approaches used in tour-based mode choice models within the activity-based modelling frameworks. Various components of the activity-based models, such as activity type choice, activity location choice, and activity duration have already matured significantly. However, the mode choice component is often simplified in many ways. Both trip-based and tour-based approaches are used in many cases. However, the tour-based approach is considered to be the most relevant to the activity-based modelling framework. This paper presents a synthesis of the strengths and weaknesses of existing tour-based mode choice models. The previous studies on tour-based mode choice models are grouped into seven categories, ranging from simplified main tour mode to complex dynamic discrete choice models. Besides, challenges with data-hungry models, simulation-based models and static models are discussed elaborately. In conclusion, it proposes a few methodological suggestions for researchers and practitioners for finding an appropriate mode choice modelling framework for activity-based models. In addition, the paper also provides a guideline on how to incorporate automated vehicles and Mobility-as-a-Service within the framework of tour-based mode choice models.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 5-26
Issue: 1
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1780648
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1780648
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:1:p:5-26
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kyuhyun Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Kyuhyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Ipek Nese Sener
Author-X-Name-First: Ipek Nese
Author-X-Name-Last: Sener
Title: Strava Metro data for bicycle monitoring: a literature review
Abstract:
Monitoring bicycle trips is no longer limited to traditional sources, such as travel surveys and counts. Strava, a popular fitness tracker, continuously collects human movement trajectories, and its commercial data service, Strava Metro, has enriched bicycle research opportunities over the last five years. Accrued knowledge from colleagues who have already utilised Strava Metro data can be valuable for those seeking expanded monitoring options. To convey such knowledge, this paper synthesises a data overview, extensive literature review on how the data have been applied to deal with drivers’ bicycle-related issues, and implications for future work. The review results indicate that Strava Metro data have the potential—although finite—to be used to identify various travel patterns, estimate travel demand, analyse route choice, control for exposure in crash models, and assess air pollution exposure. However, several challenges, such as the under-representativeness of the general population, bias towards and away from certain groups, and lack of demographic and trip details at the individual level, prevent researchers from depending entirely on the new data source. Cross-use with other sources and validation of reliability with official data could enhance the potentiality.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 27-47
Issue: 1
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1798558
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1798558
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:1:p:27-47
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Author-Name: John Pucher
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Pucher
Title: The growing gap in pedestrian and cyclist fatality rates between the United States and the United Kingdom, Germany, Denmark, and the Netherlands, 1990–2018
Abstract:
Using official national data for each country, this article calculates trends in walking and cycling fatalities per capita and per km in the USA, the UK, Germany, the Netherlands, and Denmark. From 1990 to 2018, pedestrian fatalities per capita fell by 23% in the USA vs. 66%–80% in the other countries; cyclist fatalities per capita fell by 22% in the USA vs. 55%–68% in the other countries. In 2018, pedestrian fatality rates per km in the USA were 5–10 times higher than in the other four countries; cyclist fatality rates per km in the USA were 4–7 times higher. The gap in walking and cycling fatality rates between the USA and the other countries increased over the entire 28-year period, but especially from 2010 to 2018. Over that 8-year period, per-capita fatality rates in the USA rose by 19% for pedestrians and 11% for cyclists; per-km fatality rates rose by 17% for pedestrians and 33% for cyclists. By comparison, fatality rates either fell or remained stable in the four European countries. We reviewed the relevant literature to identify factors that might help explain the much lower walking and cycling fatality rates in Europe compared to the USA. Possible explanatory factors include better walking and cycling infrastructure; lower urban speed limits; fewer vehicle km travelled; smaller and less powerful personal motor vehicles; and better traffic training, testing, and enforcement of traffic regulations. We recommend that the USA consider implementing an integrated package of mutually reinforcing safety measures such as those that have been successfully implemented in the Netherlands, Denmark, and Germany to reduce pedestrian and cyclist fatality rates.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 48-72
Issue: 1
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1823521
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1823521
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:1:p:48-72
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Aston
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Aston
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Author-Name: Alexa Delbosc
Author-X-Name-First: Alexa
Author-X-Name-Last: Delbosc
Author-Name: Md. Kamruzzaman
Author-X-Name-First: Md.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamruzzaman
Author-Name: David Teller
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Teller
Title: Exploring built environment impacts on transit use – an updated meta-analysis
Abstract:
The built environment (BE) is widely accepted to influence transit use (TU). Evidence to date suggests the relationship is dependent on many factors which can be difficult to account for in quantitative studies. This creates barriers to transferring research into practice. Considering many studies together can be useful for accounting for more of the factors impacting transit use. Yet, meta-analysis of research measuring these influences was last undertaken in 2010 based on 18 studies. Since then 90 new quantitative studies have been published. These recent studies use improved methodologies and are conducted in more diverse geographies. This paper reports an improved and updated meta-analysis of built environment impacts on transit use. It compares elasticity estimates from research published pre-and post-2010 and explores the impact of new methods and a more diverse geographical representation on findings. Updated meta-elasticities range from <0.01 to 0.26; a similar range to the 2010 study. However, at the individual indicator levels, more recent results are different. Elasticities for urban density, including population, employment and commercial density, have increased significantly in studies published since 2010, as did that of land use mix. However, measures of local access, design and jobs-housing balance decreased in post-2010 studies. These results confirm the small but imprecise relationship between the BE and TU. Results also suggest that while the range of elasticity impacts is relatively consistent, new study methodologies, notably those that control for regional accessibility and self-selection, and the increasing geographical diversity in study applications, is acting to change BE-TU findings at the indicator level. Research setting and context are important to consider when using empirical results to design BE strategies to promote transit use.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 73-96
Issue: 1
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1806941
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1806941
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:1:p:73-96
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trisalyn Nelson
Author-X-Name-First: Trisalyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson
Author-Name: Colin Ferster
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferster
Author-Name: Karen Laberee
Author-X-Name-First: Karen
Author-X-Name-Last: Laberee
Author-Name: Daniel Fuller
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Fuller
Author-Name: Meghan Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Meghan
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Title: Crowdsourced data for bicycling research and practice
Abstract:
Cities are promoting bicycling for transportation as an antidote to increased traffic congestion, obesity and related health issues, and air pollution. However, both research and practice have been stalled by lack of data on bicycling volumes, safety, infrastructure, and public attitudes. New technologies such as GPS-enabled smartphones, crowdsourcing tools, and social media are changing the potential sources for bicycling data. However, many of the developments are coming from data science and it can be difficult evaluate the strengths and limitations of crowdsourced data. In this narrative review we provide an overview and critique of crowdsourced data that are being used to fill gaps and advance bicycling behaviour and safety knowledge. We assess crowdsourced data used to map ridership (fitness, bike share, and GPS/accelerometer data), assess safety (web-map tools), map infrastructure (OpenStreetMap), and track attitudes (social media). For each category of data, we discuss the challenges and opportunities they offer for researchers and practitioners. Fitness app data can be used to model spatial variation in bicycling ridership volumes, and GPS/accelerometer data offer new potential to characterise route choice and origin-destination of bicycling trips; however, working with these data requires a high level of training in data science. New sources of safety and near miss data can be used to address underreporting and increase predictive capacity but require grassroots promotion and are often best used when combined with official reports. Crowdsourced bicycling infrastructure data can be timely and facilitate comparisons across multiple cities; however, such data must be assessed for consistency in route type labels. Using social media, it is possible to track reactions to bicycle policy and infrastructure changes, yet linking attitudes expressed on social media platforms with broader populations is a challenge. New data present opportunities for improving our understanding of bicycling and supporting decision making towards transportation options that are healthy and safe for all. However, there are challenges, such as who has data access and how data crowdsourced tools are funded, protection of individual privacy, representativeness of data and impact of biased data on equity in decision making, and stakeholder capacity to use data given the requirement for advanced data science skills. If cities are to benefit from these new data, methodological developments and tools and training for end-users will need to track with the momentum of crowdsourced data.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 97-114
Issue: 1
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1806943
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1806943
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:1:p:97-114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emmanuel Theodore Asimeng
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel Theodore
Author-X-Name-Last: Asimeng
Author-Name: Dirk Heinrichs
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Heinrichs
Title: Why do paratransit operators resist participation in bus rapid transit? Case evidence from Bogota, Mexico City, Johannesburg and Lagos
Abstract:
Public transport in cities of the Global South is mainly provided by paratransit operators who self-regulate their services in the absence of adequate formal transport supply and due to weak or no formal regulatory framework and enforcement. Paratransit operators compete with each other for passengers as every passenger translates into profit. Governments in the Global South have sought to reform public transport services through Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) to regulate and ensure efficiency, address the problems of drivers competition and negative externalities associated with paratransit operations. Paratransit operators have been considered as one of the barriers to public transport reforms such as BRT without much consideration for their style of operations. This neglect has contributed to their resistance and low interest in participating in BRT and has even led to opposition. Consequently, non-consideration of incumbent operators in the implementation of transit reforms has been one important reason for delay or failure in their introduction. In this study, we identify reasons why paratransit operators resist and show low interest in BRT even in situations where public institutions have opted not to replace them but rather invite them to participate in the reforms. The basis is a case study analysis of four cities with different characteristics and different BRT implementation strategies where paratransit operators showed resistance and low interest to participate. We identify (1) loss of autonomy, flexibility and established practices/routines, (2) financial and economic risk avoidance and (3) lack of trust in governments who initiate reforms as a basis for their resistance and low interest. These findings are theoretically substantiated by organisational management and social psychology concepts that explain resistance to change. Understanding and recognising these reasons may help planners in designing more appropriate strategies for paratransit reforms.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 115-135
Issue: 1
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1818872
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1818872
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:1:p:115-135
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan-Dirk Schmöcker
Author-X-Name-First: Jan-Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmöcker
Title: Estimation of city tourism flows: challenges, new data and COVID
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 137-140
Issue: 2
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1850221
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1850221
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:2:p:137-140
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohammad Ansari Esfeh
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Ansari Esfeh
Author-Name: S. C. Wirasinghe
Author-X-Name-First: S. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wirasinghe
Author-Name: Saeid Saidi
Author-X-Name-First: Saeid
Author-X-Name-Last: Saidi
Author-Name: Lina Kattan
Author-X-Name-First: Lina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kattan
Title: Waiting time and headway modelling for urban transit systems – a critical review and proposed approach
Abstract:
The cost associated with the waiting time that passengers incur in a public transit network is one of the main components of total transit travel cost. The cost of a unit of waiting time per passenger is higher than the cost of a unit of riding time or access time. While the assumption of half the headway as the mean waiting time has been widely used in waiting time cost estimation, it is not always a realistic assumption considering heterogeneous passengers and different types of transit services. Moreover, many studies considered the waiting times of passengers only at the origin, while waiting times can also be incurred at transfer points and the destination, the latter especially for passengers with required arrival time. After describing definitions for type of passengers and type of transit service and reasoning about proper assumptions for mean waiting time, we conducted a comprehensive survey of articles in transit operation and planning published in highly-ranked journals from 2010 to 2019 which is presented in the paper. We found that most of the reviewed articles on transit suffer from lack of clear assumptions regarding the type of service and the type of passenger, which restricts the validity of the assumed waiting time. To address these issues, we develop a comprehensive approach to determine the mean waiting time of travellers. Mean waiting time for possible combinations of heterogeneous types of passengers (who plan and who do not plan their trips) and different service type (schedule-based, frequency-based, high-frequency and low-frequency) are developed. In addition, we critically review the waiting time considered in previous studies for a single route case (uniform headway with reliable service). The proposed comprehensive approach could be utilised in transit studies to better model the transit use which subsequently results in better designs and more efficient operations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 141-163
Issue: 2
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1806942
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1806942
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:2:p:141-163
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aikaterini Deliali
Author-X-Name-First: Aikaterini
Author-X-Name-Last: Deliali
Author-Name: Dany Chhan
Author-X-Name-First: Dany
Author-X-Name-Last: Chhan
Author-Name: Jennifer Oliver
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliver
Author-Name: Rassil Sayess
Author-X-Name-First: Rassil
Author-X-Name-Last: Sayess
Author-Name: Krystal J. Godri Pollitt
Author-X-Name-First: Krystal J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Godri Pollitt
Author-Name: Eleni Christofa
Author-X-Name-First: Eleni
Author-X-Name-Last: Christofa
Title: Transitioning to zero-emission bus fleets: state of practice of implementations in the United States
Abstract:
Several states and transit agencies have recently introduced zero-emission buses (ZEBs) to their fleets, including battery electric buses, fuel cell battery electric buses, and fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric buses in an effort to mitigate transportation-related impacts on air quality. The objective of this paper was to summarise information and insights from ZEB implementations across the United States (U.S.) to advance the state of practice and facilitate transit agencies’ transition to ZEBs. Information was obtained through a critical review of relevant literature from peer-reviewed journals and agency reports released by transit agencies and other relevant stakeholders, an online survey of several transit agencies that implemented or are planning to implement ZEBs, and interviews with transit agency representatives and other relevant stakeholders. This review focuses on ZEB in-service performance, cost, fuelling, and implementation strategies. In addition, challenges and lessons learned as reported by U.S. transit agencies are described. A comparison among the three technologies and conventional fuel buses (i.e. diesel and compressed natural gas) suggests that ZEBs outperform conventional buses in terms of fuel efficiency, but their procurement cost is higher. Battery electric buses present the highest fuel efficiency and lowest procurement, operation, and maintenance costs, and have been chosen by most transit agencies followed by fuel cell battery electric buses. While fuel cell hybrid plug-in buses have been implemented by several agencies over the past ten years, they have not gained popularity due to increased purchase and maintenance costs. Important factors for agencies to consider when implementing any of these ZEB technologies include: (1) fleet size: starting with a small fleet and gradually expanding; (2) technology type: understanding the technology and properly choosing the one that matches the needs and limitations of a service area (e.g. available space, existing schedule) as well as available resources and agency goals; (3) staff training: proper training for a suitable amount of time of drivers and maintenance personnel; and (4) stakeholder collaboration: having an effective level of collaboration, cooperation, and support between stakeholders. Overall, ZEBs are a viable and promising approach for reducing emissions from transit fleets. This review can assist in transit agencies’ transition to ZEB fleets by providing useful information and insights to ensure optimal technology choice and efficient implementations. It can also provide insights on ZEB implementation issues that warrant further research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 164-191
Issue: 2
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1800132
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1800132
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:2:p:164-191
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Lowe
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Lowe
Title: Undone science, funding, and positionality in transportation research
Abstract:
A robust body of research in transportation has brought to light valuable findings and supported the development of important tools. However, crucial questions of “undone” science remain – topics and methods that current research practices could partially overlook. This review essay argues that transportation research could benefit from more critical reflection on researchers’ positionalities, the field’s emphasis on some methods and topics rather than others, and the role of funding. The article first considers the questions of funding influence and researcher positionality in the broader social sciences literature and then the implications of funding and positionality in transportation research. In the United States, transportation funding generally emphasises engineering fields and applied solutions; historically underrepresented racial/ethnic groups are a small share of researchers. Because of disciplinary traditions, funding, positionality, and other factors, transportation research paradigms may give relatively less attention to social issues, qualitative data, and local knowledge, while emphasising quantitative data, modelling, physical factors, and infrastructure building. The purpose of this paper is to start a dialogue, using the social science literatures, information about the transportation field, and examples of the importance of social and qualitative methods. Collective dialogue about researchers’ positionalities and demographics, different types of knowledge, and the field could uncover important areas and approaches for transportation research and practice.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 192-209
Issue: 2
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1829742
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1829742
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:2:p:192-209
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Darja Vrščaj
Author-X-Name-First: Darja
Author-X-Name-Last: Vrščaj
Author-Name: Sven Nyholm
Author-X-Name-First: Sven
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyholm
Author-Name: Geert P. J. Verbong
Author-X-Name-First: Geert P. J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Verbong
Title: Smart mobility innovation policy as boundary work: identifying the challenges of user involvement
Abstract:
In 2013 the Dutch Minister for Infrastructure and Water Management initiated a policy programme that aimed to develop a transition towards smart mobility. A Roadmap was developed to support the policy innovation programme because previous initiatives have failed due to the lack of a strategic document. The Roadmap’s first transition pathway (policy goal) called for a development of a user-centric smart mobility. We analysed how this policy goal has been enacted. We conducted 32 semi-structured interviews with relevant smart mobility practitioners, which we have analysed through our theoretical framework consisting of three boundary concepts: boundary work, boundary objects and boundary organisations. Additionally, we have drawn from the literature on user-involvement. The boundary concepts have led us to identifying two main challenges that led to an unsuccessful realisation of the policy goal. One, the responsibilities for involving users have been transferred to numerous actors, who renegotiated the goals assigned to them by the Ministry, resorting to their old techno-centric innovating ways. The dominance of the techno-centric perspective acted as a barrier and inhibited a successful implementation of a more user-centric approach. Two, a key criterion for successful realisation of the pathway – namely, the support of an organisation specifically held accountable for realising the pathway – was absent. In our conclusion we provide recommendations for a more successful user-inclusion, as well as reflections on the state of the smart mobility policy in The Netherlands.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 210-229
Issue: 2
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1829743
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1829743
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:2:p:210-229
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shuyang Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Shuyang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Hong K. Lo
Author-X-Name-First: Hong K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lo
Author-Name: Ka Fai Ng
Author-X-Name-First: Ka Fai
Author-X-Name-Last: Ng
Author-Name: Guojun Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Guojun
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Title: Metro system disruption management and substitute bus service: a systematic review and future directions
Abstract:
Disruptions in the metro system often result in chaos in the public transport system given their substantial modal share in major metropolitan areas. Metro system disruption can be managed both within the system and by substitute bus (SB) service external to the system. Managing disruption within the metro system typically involves timetable adjustment, rolling stock scheduling, and crew rescheduling, subject to the rail system design and availability of crossovers for turnovers. SB service or bus bridging, on the other hand, is one prominent way to mitigate the negative impact of a metro disruption. In the past decade, research on this topic has grown substantially. In this paper, by conducting a comprehensive search in the Web of Science publications, we identify and review about 70 papers. According to the three aspects of metro system disruption management, we classify the literature into three groups: (i) getting prepared for metro network disruption, (ii) managing disruption within the metro system, and (iii) managing metro disruption with SB service. After summarising the state-of-the-art on this topic, we conclude by identifying gaps and future research directions, primarily on substitute bus service, for this important development effort.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 230-251
Issue: 2
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1834468
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1834468
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:2:p:230-251
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel E. Moran
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Moran
Title: Assembling moral mobilities: cycling, cities, and the common good
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 252-254
Issue: 2
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1786479
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1786479
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:2:p:252-254
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dimitris Milakis
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris
Author-X-Name-Last: Milakis
Title: Sustainability prospects for autonomous vehicles: environmental, social and urban
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 254-256
Issue: 2
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1834007
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1834007
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:2:p:254-256
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohamed R. Ibrahim
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ibrahim
Author-Name: James Haworth
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Haworth
Author-Name: Nicola Christie
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Christie
Author-Name: Tao Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Author-Name: Stephen Hailes
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Hailes
Title: Cycling near misses: a review of the current methods, challenges and the potential of an AI-embedded system
Abstract:
Whether for commuting or leisure, cycling is a growing transport mode in many countries. However, cycling is still perceived by many as a dangerous activity. Because the mode share of cycling tends to be low, serious incidents related to cycling are rare. Nevertheless, the fear of getting hit or falling while cycling hinders its expansion as a transport mode and it has been shown that focusing on killed and seriously injured casualties alone only touches the tip of the iceberg. Compared with reported incidents, there are many more incidents in which the person on the bike was destabilised or needed to take action to avoid a crash; so-called near misses. Because of their frequency, data related to near misses can provide much more information about the risk factors associated with cycling. The quality and coverage of this information depends on the method of data collection; from survey data to video data, and processing; from manual to automated. There remains a gap in our understanding of how best to identify and predict near misses and draw statistically significant conclusions, which may lead to better intervention measures and the creation of a safer environment for people on bikes. In this paper, we review the literature on cycling near misses, focusing on the data collection methods adopted, the scope and the risk factors identified. In doing so, we demonstrate that, while many near misses are a result of a combination of different factors that may or may not be transport-related, the current approach of tackling these factors may not be adequate for understanding the interconnections between all risk factors. To address this limitation, we highlight the potential of extracting data using a unified input (images/videos) relying on computer vision methods to automatically extract the wide spectrum of near miss risk factors, in addition to detecting the types of events associated with near misses.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 304-328
Issue: 3
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1840456
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1840456
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:3:p:304-328
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Athanasios A. Pallis
Author-X-Name-First: Athanasios A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pallis
Author-Name: Aimilia A. Papachristou
Author-X-Name-First: Aimilia A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Papachristou
Title: European Cruise ports: challenges since the pre-pandemic era
Abstract:
This study provides an empirical analysis of the challenges that cruise ports in Europe were facing before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 triggered an unprecedented global health and economic crisis with severe, and potentially structural, consequences for the cruise world. In this context, knowledge of the key challenges that cruise ports need to address builds capacities for conceptualising, but also better responding, in the post-COVID-19 conditions to both pre-existing challenges and the ones produced by the pandemic. The study examines the former group of challenges. It does so analysing a survey answered by 155 cruise ports in 34 countries in the two European markets (North Europe and the Med) just before the pandemic outbreak. The survey identifies the significance of different types of challenges (operational, strategic, societal, environmental), and the hierarchy of challenges referring to the relationships between ports and cruise lines. Detailing which issues were (not) shared by the entire cruise port industry, the findings reveal that the pre-pandemic search for sustainable growth of the cruise activities hosted had led to diverging challenges in each of these two cruise markets. They also establish that port governance models do matter when it comes to the variation of the confronted challenges. These results imply that policy initiatives based on a “one size fits all” approach would provide a rather ineffective helping hand in resolving the major of the identified challenges.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 352-373
Issue: 3
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1857884
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1857884
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:3:p:352-373
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dana Yanocha
Author-X-Name-First: Dana
Author-X-Name-Last: Yanocha
Author-Name: Jacob Mason
Author-X-Name-First: Jacob
Author-X-Name-Last: Mason
Author-Name: Jonas Hagen
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: Hagen
Title: Using data and technology to integrate mobility modes in low-income cities
Abstract:
The utilisation of data and technology in transportation has given rise to new forms of flexible, on-demand mobility and urban freight services. Such advances have also enabled the integration of multiple transportation modes and facilitated more predictable, environmentally-friendly, high-volume trips. While many of these technologies are now commonplace in higher income cities, they are less prevalent in lower income cities. This review identifies a) recent advances in technology and data that can facilitate multimodal urban travel, and b) the existing and potential application of these advances in low- and lower middle-income (LIC and LMIC) cities, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. This review examines peer-reviewed and grey literature and uses a multi-method approach with expert interviews. The review identifies open transportation data and data standards, global positioning systems, cashless fare payment, and blockchain as having high potential to facilitate integrated mobility in lower income contexts, and considers potential barriers to adopting and risks of utilising these technologies in LICs and LMICs. The review finds that, enabled by technology and data advances, LICs and LMICs could leapfrog the high car use and inefficient urban freight systems typical of higher income cities to more integrated, efficient, multimodal transport systems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 262-284
Issue: 3
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1834006
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1834006
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:3:p:262-284
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aiga Stokenberga
Author-X-Name-First: Aiga
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokenberga
Author-Name: Satoshi Ogita
Author-X-Name-First: Satoshi
Author-X-Name-Last: Ogita
Title: Anticipating vehicle traffic increase on improved inter-urban roads: evidence from three decades of transport projects in developing regions
Abstract:
Consideration of the traffic generated by inter-urban road investments is important for assessing their economic feasibility and external costs and for designing sustainable road maintenance strategies. While the literature and evidence on generated traffic is growing, it has almost exclusively focused on advanced economies. In contrast, readily available methodologies for predicting the generated traffic impacts are lacking in low and middle income countries (LMICs), where most of the future road investments will be made and where detailed travel demand models and data that would be needed to feed them are often not available. This study attempts to fill this gap by specifically focusing on observed traffic growth and its drivers in developing countries. After reviewing the literature on generated traffic modelling, it presents empirical evidence on the characteristics and outcomes of inter-urban road projects implemented over the last three decades across 68 LMICs. The study quantifies the statistical association between, on the one hand, the travel time or vehicle operating cost (VOC) savings resulting from the road improvement and, on the other hand, the observed short-term growth in traffic on the project roads. Controlling for a range of macro-economic and project-level attributes, both travel time savings and VOC reductions are found to have a statistically significant, positive association with observed short-term traffic growth of a magnitude that much exceeds the elasticities reported in developed country literature. Population growth in the project country/State/province during the project implementation period is also found to have a large, positive association with traffic growth, while per capita income growth is found to have a marginal effect. Toll roads (albeit representing a small share of the sample) are found to have statistically significantly lower observed traffic growth compared to non-toll roads even after controlling for the other project characteristics.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 285-303
Issue: 3
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1841329
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1841329
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:3:p:285-303
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Konstantinos Gkiotsalitis
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos
Author-X-Name-Last: Gkiotsalitis
Author-Name: Oded Cats
Author-X-Name-First: Oded
Author-X-Name-Last: Cats
Title: Public transport planning adaption under the COVID-19 pandemic crisis: literature review of research needs and directions
Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic crisis has greatly impacted public transport ridership and service provision across the world. As many countries start to navigate their return to normality, new public transport planning requirements are devised. These measures imply a major reduction in service capacity compared to the pre-COVID-19 era. At the time of writing, there is a severe lack of knowledge regarding the potential impact of the pandemic on public transport operations and models that can support the service planning given these new challenges. In this literature review, we systematically review and synthesise the literature on the impacts of COVID on public transport to identify the need to adjust planning measures, and, on the other hand, the existing methods for public transport planning at the strategic, tactical and operational level. We identify intervention measures that can support public transport service providers in planning their services in the post-shutdown phase and their respective modelling development requirements. This can support the transition from the initial ad-hoc planning practices to a more evidence-based decision making.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 374-392
Issue: 3
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1857886
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1857886
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:3:p:374-392
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew J. Beck
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Beck
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Title: What might the changing incidence of Working from Home (WFH) tell us about future transport and land use agendas
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 257-261
Issue: 3
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1848141
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1848141
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:3:p:257-261
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: João Filipe Teixeira
Author-X-Name-First: João Filipe
Author-X-Name-Last: Teixeira
Author-Name: Cecília Silva
Author-X-Name-First: Cecília
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva
Author-Name: Frederico Moura e Sá
Author-X-Name-First: Frederico
Author-X-Name-Last: Moura e Sá
Title: Empirical evidence on the impacts of bikesharing: a literature review
Abstract:
In recent years, bikesharing has become one of the most popular policies promoting cycling across the world. As the number of bikesharing systems (BSS) continues to rise, it is increasingly important to quantify their expected benefits. This paper synthetises the available evidence on the current impacts of implementing a BSS, with a special focus on the induced modal shift dynamics and impacts in car reduction, indicating how increasing the attractiveness of BSS to car users could improve its benefits. Several benefits have been associated to bikesharing, but they are not equally distributed and are dependent on several nuances, particularly on modal shifts. Among the biggest contributions are the increases in physical activity (PA) levels (triggering health gains) as well as travel time savings to the BSS users. Bikesharing is mostly replacing sustainable modes of transport, with modest car replacing rates. However, bikesharing can also indirectly decrease car travel by fostering synergies with Public Transport (by expanding catchment areas, reducing overcrowding and overall travel times) and by promoting cycling use through increasing the number and diversity of cyclists. Furthermore, different types of modal shift lead to different benefits. Reductions in car travel induce decreases in greenhouse gases (GHG) and other air pollutants, increases in PA, time savings as well as congestion reductions. Conversely, new trips generated by BSS also lead to increases in PA, while modal shift from walking to BSS has been associated with travel time savings. Shifting PT users to BSS can also reduce overcrowding in saturated PT networks. The most social disadvantaged groups were found to be systematically under-represented among BSS users, yet equity measures combined with awareness-raising campaigns could increase usage rates. Exploring potential advantages of BSS against car use and increasing its car replacing rates, coupled with better impact assessments, should constitute research priorities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 329-351
Issue: 3
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1841328
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1841328
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:3:p:329-351
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Author-Name: John Pucher
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Pucher
Title: COVID-19 Impacts on Cycling, 2019–2020
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 393-400
Issue: 4
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1914900
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1914900
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:4:p:393-400
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carey Curtis
Author-X-Name-First: Carey
Author-X-Name-Last: Curtis
Author-Name: Sam McLeod
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: McLeod
Author-Name: John Hultén
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Hultén
Author-Name: Fredrik Pettersson-Lofstedt
Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettersson-Lofstedt
Author-Name: Alexander Paulsson
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Paulsson
Author-Name: Claus Hedegaard Sørensen
Author-X-Name-First: Claus
Author-X-Name-Last: Hedegaard Sørensen
Title: Knowledge for policy-making in times of uncertainty: the case of autonomous vehicle model results
Abstract:
There has been a rapid rise in papers modelling the impacts of autonomous vehicles. Drawing on a review of this literature, we analyse and discuss the messages conveyed by these studies from a policy-making perspective. An overview of the studies is provided to highlight the different policy frames. We consider the roles that modelling knowledge should have in policy-making in the context of unstable and uncertain futures where novel transport modes bring into question the use of past knowledge and assumptions. We conclude that both limitations of, and assumptions in, models need to be made more explicit and accessible when used in policy-making.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 478-498
Issue: 4
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1857885
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1857885
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:4:p:478-498
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leonardo Carvalho
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho
Author-Name: Alice Sternberg
Author-X-Name-First: Alice
Author-X-Name-Last: Sternberg
Author-Name: Leandro Maia Gonçalves
Author-X-Name-First: Leandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Maia Gonçalves
Author-Name: Ana Beatriz Cruz
Author-X-Name-First: Ana
Author-X-Name-Last: Beatriz Cruz
Author-Name: Jorge A. Soares
Author-X-Name-First: Jorge A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Soares
Author-Name: Diego Brandão
Author-X-Name-First: Diego
Author-X-Name-Last: Brandão
Author-Name: Diego Carvalho
Author-X-Name-First: Diego
Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho
Author-Name: Eduardo Ogasawara
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ogasawara
Title: On the relevance of data science for flight delay research: a systematic review
Abstract:
Flight delays are a significant problem for society as they evenly impair airlines, transport companies, air traffic controllers, facility managers, and passengers. Studying prior flight data is an essential activity for every player involved in the air transportation system. Besides, developing accurate prediction models for flight delays is a crucial component of the decision-making process. Prescribing actions to solve on-going delays is an even challenging task due to the air transportation system complexity. In this regard, this paper presents a thorough literature review of data science techniques used for investigating flight delays. This work proposes a taxonomy and compiles the initiatives used to address the flight delay studies. It also offers a systematic literature review that describes the trends of the field and methods to analyse the applicability of newly proposed methods.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 499-528
Issue: 4
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1861123
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1861123
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:4:p:499-528
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jamey M. B. Volker
Author-X-Name-First: Jamey M. B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Volker
Author-Name: Susan Handy
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Handy
Title: Economic impacts on local businesses of investments in bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure: a review of the evidence
Abstract:
Local officials in North America frequently face opposition to new or expanded bicycle or pedestrian facilities. The most vocal opponents are usually motorists and local business owners who fear that the removal of or reductions in vehicular parking or travel lanes will reduce patronage from motorists and that any increased patronage from pedestrians or cyclists will not offset the lost revenues. A lack of direct evidence on the economic impacts of facilities on local businesses has made it difficult to support or debunk such fears. A lack of quantitative evidence in particular has prevented the incorporation of such impacts into cost–benefit analyses. The issue has received enough attention from researchers in recent years that a review of the evidence is now warranted. We reviewed the relevant literature and identified 23 studies, focusing on the US and Canada, that either (1) quantified and compared consumer spending between active travellers and automobile users (n = 8), or (2) quantified an economic impact to local businesses following the installation of bicycle or pedestrian facilities (n = 15). Taken together, the studies indicate that creating or improving active travel facilities generally has positive or non-significant economic impacts on retail and food service businesses abutting or within a short distance of the facilities, though bicycle facilities might have negative economic effects on auto-centric businesses. The results are similar regardless of whether vehicular parking or travel lanes are removed or reduced to make room for the active travel facilities. The studies also highlight best practices for designing future research. Ten of the 15 studies that quantified an economic impact to local businesses used both before-and-after data and comparison sites or other statistical controls for variables unrelated to the active travel facility “treatment;” six of those used statistical testing.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 401-431
Issue: 4
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1912849
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1912849
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:4:p:401-431
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nikolas Thomopoulos
Author-X-Name-First: Nikolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomopoulos
Author-Name: Scott Cohen
Author-X-Name-First: Scott
Author-X-Name-Last: Cohen
Author-Name: Debbie Hopkins
Author-X-Name-First: Debbie
Author-X-Name-Last: Hopkins
Author-Name: Lauren Siegel
Author-X-Name-First: Lauren
Author-X-Name-Last: Siegel
Author-Name: Simon Kimber
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Kimber
Title: All work and no play? Autonomous vehicles and non-commuting journeys
Abstract:
People travel by car for a wide variety of reasons. A large proportion of household travel is for non-commuting purposes, including social and recreational journeys. The emergence and (potential) diffusion of highly automated vehicles, also known as autonomous vehicles (AVs), could transform the way (some) people work and travel. Should they become mainstream, AVs could reshape patterns of leisure travel. To date, however, the impacts and implications of AVs beyond commuting trips have received minimal attention from transport scholarship. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of literatures on AVs. It follows PRISMA guidelines and synthesises 63 papers on AV travel focusing on non-commuting journeys, including travel for purposes of leisure, tourism, shopping and visiting friends and relatives. Given the economic importance of the tourism sector and its inherent focus on non-commuting journeys, this analysis is supplemented with a review of the extent to which national tourism strategies of countries leading AV deployment include reference to AVs. The paper reveals an overwhelming focus on commuting journeys in existing AV studies as less than one-fifth of the reviewed academic sources include non-commuting as part of their wider analysis. The review's further key findings are that the interest of publics in AVs for leisure journeys appears to exceed that for commuting, sharing vehicles will be less likely when AVs are used for leisure and there is an absence of recognition in the literature that certain non-commuting journeys will require a lower SAE level of automation. Surprisingly, analysis of the national tourism strategies of countries most prepared to meet the challenges of AVs shows that just three countries make specific reference to AVs within their national tourism strategies. The paper contributes to setting future AV policy agendas by concluding that two gaps must be narrowed: one, the distance between how academic studies predominantly conceive of AV use (commuting) and articulated public interest in AVs for non-commuting journeys; and two, the lack of readiness in certain national tourism strategies to accommodate AVs. As non-commuting journeys are likely to represent some of the earliest trip purposes for which AVs could be adopted, the paper points to the potential barriers to AV uptake by remaining focused on a limited set of trip purposes.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 456-477
Issue: 4
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1857460
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1857460
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:4:p:456-477
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ramesh Chandra Majhi
Author-X-Name-First: Ramesh Chandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Majhi
Author-Name: Prakash Ranjitkar
Author-X-Name-First: Prakash
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranjitkar
Author-Name: Mingyue Sheng
Author-X-Name-First: Mingyue
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheng
Author-Name: Grant A. Covic
Author-X-Name-First: Grant A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Covic
Author-Name: Doug James Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Doug James
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Title: A systematic review of charging infrastructure location problem for electric vehicles
Abstract:
With the evolving demand for sustainable mobility, adequate charging infrastructure for electric vehicles (EVs) has been growing steadily and wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has been seen as an efficient alternative for EV charging while maintaining seamless traffic flow. This paper reviews the modelling challenges in terms of both static (plug-in) charging (SC) and wireless charging (WC) facilities in a transportation network in terms of system integration, focusing on the evolution of the WPT technology. The first part of the paper provides an overview of all the major progress and achievements made by different research organisations in the area of WPT technology for EV charging. These technologies are ranked based on two indices, namely technological readiness level and system readiness level. The optimal location of WC facilities comes with more design and operational issues than conventional static charging facilities. However, they are similar in terms of the infrastructure modelling approach to locate these charging facilities, as the overall goal is to maximise the network flow and minimise the overall system cost. The second part of the paper assesses different modelling approaches used to analyse the network and locate the charging infrastructure for static and WC facilities. The economic feasibility of the technology is an important consideration for successful system integration as well as the overall performance of the system. As such, this paper also provides a synopsis of different socio-economic studies related to the WC infrastructure allocation problem. Finally, future research directions in this field are discussed based on the knowledge gaps identified from the existing literature.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 432-455
Issue: 4
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1854365
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1854365
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:4:p:432-455
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Delia Rambaldini-Gooding
Author-X-Name-First: Delia
Author-X-Name-Last: Rambaldini-Gooding
Author-Name: Luke Molloy
Author-X-Name-First: Luke
Author-X-Name-Last: Molloy
Author-Name: Anne-Maree Parrish
Author-X-Name-First: Anne-Maree
Author-X-Name-Last: Parrish
Author-Name: Michal Strahilevitz
Author-X-Name-First: Michal
Author-X-Name-Last: Strahilevitz
Author-Name: Rodney Clarke
Author-X-Name-First: Rodney
Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke
Author-Name: Josh Mei-Ling Dubrau
Author-X-Name-First: Josh Mei-Ling
Author-X-Name-Last: Dubrau
Author-Name: Pascal Perez
Author-X-Name-First: Pascal
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez
Title: Exploring the impact of public transport including free and subsidised on the physical, mental and social well-being of older adults: a literature review
Abstract:
Physical activity is one of the most important interventions to improve the health and well-being of populations. Gaining sufficient physical activity can often be difficult for older people, who are less likely to be involved in formal exercise. Older people are also more likely to suffer from social isolation. Active transport is an ideal opportunity to increase both the physical and social well-being of older populations. This literature review investigates the impact of public transport on the health and well-being of older adults and discusses policy implications. A literature search was conducted in CINAHL, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and ProQuest Social Science databases to identify relevant articles. Fifty-eight articles were identified. Despite the prevalence of public transport including free and subsidised services worldwide, there is only a small body of research on the impact on older people. While limited, the literature on free and subsidised public transport and older people highlights that access has clear benefits for health and well-being. Public transport both promote active transport by encouraging older people to incorporate incidental activity into daily routines. We review literature showing that active transport positively affects older people’s physical health, as well as their mental health by enabling them to maintain social networks, thus reducing social isolation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 600-616
Issue: 5
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1872731
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1872731
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:5:p:600-616
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meredith Glaser
Author-X-Name-First: Meredith
Author-X-Name-Last: Glaser
Author-Name: Sean Mottles
Author-X-Name-First: Sean
Author-X-Name-Last: Mottles
Title: Right of way: race, class, and the silent epidemic of pedestrian deaths in America
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 712-713
Issue: 5
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1931552
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1931552
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:5:p:712-713
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ane Dalsnes Storsæter
Author-X-Name-First: Ane Dalsnes
Author-X-Name-Last: Storsæter
Author-Name: Kelly Pitera
Author-X-Name-First: Kelly
Author-X-Name-Last: Pitera
Author-Name: Edward D. McCormack
Author-X-Name-First: Edward D.
Author-X-Name-Last: McCormack
Title: The automated driver as a new road user
Abstract:
Although road infrastructure has been designed to accommodate human drivers’ physiology and psychology for over a century, human error has always been the main cause of traffic accidents. Consequently, Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) have been developed to mitigate human shortcomings. These automated functions are becoming more sophisticated allowing for Automated Driving Systems (ADS) to drive under an increasing number of road conditions. Due to this evolution, a new automated road user has become increasingly relevant for both road owners and the vehicle industry alike. While this automated driver is currently operating on roads designed for human drivers, in the future, infrastructure policies may be designed specifically to accommodate automated drivers. However, the current literature on ADSs does not cover all driving processes. A unified framework for human and automated driver, covering all driving processes, is therefore presented. The unified driving framework, based on theoretical models of human driving and robotics, highlights the importance of sensory input in all driving processes. How human and automated drivers sense their environment is therefore compared to uncover differences between the two road users relevant to adapt road design and maintenance to include the automated driver. The main differences identified between human and automated drivers are that (1) the automated driver has a much greater range of electromagnetic sensitivity and larger field of view, and (2) that the two road users interpret sensory input in different ways. Based on these findings, future research directions for road design and maintenance are suggested.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 533-555
Issue: 5
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1861124
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1861124
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:5:p:533-555
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linda E. Karjalainen
Author-X-Name-First: Linda E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Karjalainen
Author-Name: Sirkku Juhola
Author-X-Name-First: Sirkku
Author-X-Name-Last: Juhola
Title: Urban transportation sustainability assessments: a systematic review of literature
Abstract:
The volume of urban transportation sustainability assessments in academic literature has steadily increased over the last two decades. This paper targets these studies through the first systematic literature review to construct a synthesised and critical overview of how urban transportation sustainability is in fact assessed. The sample consists of 99 peer-reviewed articles retrieved via three scientific search engines. The results reveal a Europe-centric and single-case focus, a strong interest to introduce new indicator systems with limited references to previous work, and a lack of qualitative approaches and stakeholder diversity regarding the assessment methods. Nearly 2400 indicators are identified in the articles with significant variation in their use. Furthermore, the comprehensive accounting for sustainability is often overlooked, and the inconclusive assessment results are often noted by the authors of the sample articles themselves. Our findings signal that the research field is highly fragmented and to some extent fails to accumulate knowledge generated by past studies and to comprehensively operationalise the concept of sustainability. The identified shortcomings of the assessments and their implications for transportation policy-making and planning are highlighted, and based on our results recommendations to develop more reliable, comparable, and inclusive sustainability assessments for the urban transportation sector are made.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 659-684
Issue: 5
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1879309
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1879309
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:5:p:659-684
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreia Martinho
Author-X-Name-First: Andreia
Author-X-Name-Last: Martinho
Author-Name: Nils Herber
Author-X-Name-First: Nils
Author-X-Name-Last: Herber
Author-Name: Maarten Kroesen
Author-X-Name-First: Maarten
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroesen
Author-Name: Caspar Chorus
Author-X-Name-First: Caspar
Author-X-Name-Last: Chorus
Title: Ethical issues in focus by the autonomous vehicles industry
Abstract:
The onset of autonomous driving has provided fertile ground for discussions about ethics in recent years. These discussions are heavily documented in the scientific literature and have mainly revolved around extreme traffic situations depicted as moral dilemmas, i.e. situations in which the autonomous vehicle (AV) is required to make a difficult moral choice. Quite surprisingly, little is known about the ethical issues in focus by the AV industry. General claims have been made about the struggles of companies regarding the ethical issues of AVs but these lack proper substantiation. As private companies are highly influential on the development and acceptance of AV technologies, a meaningful debate about the ethics of AVs should take into account the ethical issues prioritised by industry. In order to assess the awareness and engagement of industry on the ethics of AVs, we inspected the narratives in the official business and technical reports of companies with an AV testing permit in California. The findings of our literature and industry review suggest that: (i) given the plethora of ethical issues addressed in the reports, autonomous driving companies seem to be aware of and engaged in the ethics of autonomous driving technology; (ii) scientific literature and industry reports prioritise safety and cybersecurity; (iii) scientific and industry communities agree that AVs will not eliminate the risk of accidents; (iv) scientific literature on AV technology ethics is dominated by discussions about the trolley problem; (v) moral dilemmas resembling trolley cases are not addressed in industry reports but there are nuanced allusions that unravel underlying concerns about these extreme traffic situations; (vi) autonomous driving companies have different approaches with respect to the authority of remote operators; and (vii) companies seem invested in a lowest liability risk design strategy relying on rules and regulations, expedite investigations, and crash/collision avoidance algorithms.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 556-577
Issue: 5
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1862355
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1862355
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:5:p:556-577
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jayita Chakraborty
Author-X-Name-First: Jayita
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakraborty
Author-Name: Debapratim Pandit
Author-X-Name-First: Debapratim
Author-X-Name-Last: Pandit
Author-Name: Felix Chan
Author-X-Name-First: Felix
Author-X-Name-Last: Chan
Author-Name: Jianhong (Cecilia) Xia
Author-X-Name-First: Jianhong (Cecilia)
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia
Title: A review of Ride-Matching strategies for Ridesourcing and other similar services
Abstract:
Ridesourcing services have emerged as a popular alternative for commuters in metropolitan areas. There is a significant spatio-temporal variation of demand and supply for such services, which requires efficient ride-matching strategies to ensure optimal allocation of trips to drivers and users. This paper reviews different ride-matching techniques/strategies that highlight the outlook of different stakeholders, such as, drivers, users, and service providers and summarises the impacts of the matching process on the ideologies of the stakeholders. The review found that searching techniques guide the primary stakeholders like riders and drivers, and the assignment techniques ensure trip allotment. We also observed that fleet size is an important attribute to ensure availability as well as the assignment of ridesourcing services in an urban area.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 578-599
Issue: 5
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2020.1866096
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2020.1866096
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:5:p:578-599
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicola Christie
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Christie
Title: Pandemic and recovery: what are the implications for road safety?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 529-532
Issue: 5
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1920706
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1920706
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:5:p:529-532
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rico Lee-Ting Cho
Author-X-Name-First: Rico Lee-Ting
Author-X-Name-Last: Cho
Author-Name: John S. Liu
Author-X-Name-First: John S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Mei Hsiu-Ching Ho
Author-X-Name-First: Mei Hsiu-Ching
Author-X-Name-Last: Ho
Title: The development of autonomous driving technology: perspectives from patent citation analysis
Abstract:
Autonomous vehicles have been widely discussed recently due to the rapid advancement of related technologies and high growth potential in many markets around the world. To take a strategic position for coping with their fast development, business strategists have to find out the key players and how these players share technological information in the knowledge network. This research particularly explores the main technologies that have been developed and applied in this field by conducting a systematic and quantitative analysis to answer these questions. We analyse U.S. patents related to autonomous driving technology in a systematic manner through cross-citation analysis (CCA) and main path analysis (MPA). The former reveals knowledge flow among major players, while the latter uncovers the technology development trajectory and the associated players. The results of CCA indicate that several companies (e.g. Google and GM) in the U.S. utilise locational advantage to build an industrial chain and to facilitate knowledge exchange. MPA results reveal a development trajectory and the key players at different development phases. Our analysis infers four trends. First, more solutions in communication systems will be patented in the future as communication is crucial to realise vehicle-to-everything. Second, perception technologies are integrating with artificial intelligence to enhance vehicle autonomy. Third, players with roles as “technology developer”, “technology integrator”, and “technology implementer” in different development phases are together advancing autonomous driving technologies. Fourth, traditional vehicle makers are expected to strengthen their cooperation with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) companies for the purpose of obtaining communication and data technologies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 685-711
Issue: 5
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1879310
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1879310
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:5:p:685-711
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Gössling
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Gössling
Author-Name: Chris Lyle
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyle
Title: Transition policies for climatically sustainable aviation
Abstract:
Emissions from aviation are expected to grow. With evidence that the International Civil Aviation Organization’s Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation is an inadequate mitigation mechanism, there is interest in upscaling the sector’s climate-related policies. This paper reviews potential aviation emissions mitigation policies against the background of emerging complexities, such as the large share of radiative forcing not covered under any policy agreement, as well as highly skewed demand distributions. In total, 30 voluntary, market-based and regulatory “transition policies” are identified and evaluated with regard to their potential to reduce emissions from air passenger transport and to initiate the transition to new fuels and propulsion technologies. The paper also discusses the potential public acceptance of differing policies. It concludes that the removal of fossil fuel and related subsidies represents a priority, supported by policy mixes comprising levies (CO2, frequent fliers, premium classes) and a feed-in quota for definitively established sustainable aviation fuels. To reduce flight emissions is feasible in principle, but will require policy initiatives at the national level or at the level of regional jurisdictions such as the European Union.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 643-658
Issue: 5
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1938284
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1938284
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:5:p:643-658
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niranjan Poudel
Author-X-Name-First: Niranjan
Author-X-Name-Last: Poudel
Author-Name: Patrick A. Singleton
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton
Title: Bicycle safety at roundabouts: a systematic literature review
Abstract:
As roundabouts become increasingly popular, and as many communities promote bicycle use, the safety of roundabouts for people bicycling is of major concern. Although converting an intersection to a roundabout may reduce crashes overall, some research from northern Europe suggests that roundabouts may actually increase the frequency of bicycle crashes. We perform a systematic literature review on this topic, reviewing 49 different resources with empirical findings (most from Europe, some from Australia/New Zealand, few from the US). Many studies analyse (limited) bicycle crash data or observe driver/cyclist behaviours and interactions, while a few survey cyclists’ safety perceptions. Consistent with design guidance, bicycle safety performance is worse for higher-speed, multilane roundabouts and when on-roadway bike lanes are provided. Crash data and observations suggest that when cyclists “take the lane” and operate as vehicles – as is allowed or even recommended in some current design guidelines – this leads to conflicts and crashes between circulating cyclists and entering drivers who may have “looked but failed to see” (and thus failed to yield to) the cyclist. Providing separated cycle paths around the roundabout seems to be a lower-risk and more comfortable design solution, although care must be taken to encourage appropriate yielding at crossings. Future research should investigate more design features, socio-demographic characteristics, cyclist safety perceptions, and impacts outside of Europe. Studies should continue to explore ways to overcome limited bicycle crash and exposure data and to utilise naturalistic methods, driving simulators, and stated choice experiments.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 617-642
Issue: 5
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1877207
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1877207
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:5:p:617-642
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiao Wen
Author-X-Name-First: Xiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Wen
Author-Name: Yuanchang Xie
Author-X-Name-First: Yuanchang
Author-X-Name-Last: Xie
Author-Name: Liming Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Liming
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: Ziyuan Pu
Author-X-Name-First: Ziyuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Pu
Author-Name: Tingjian Ge
Author-X-Name-First: Tingjian
Author-X-Name-Last: Ge
Title: Applications of machine learning methods in traffic crash severity modelling: current status and future directions
Abstract:
As a key area of traffic safety research, crash severity modelling has attracted tremendous attention. Recently, there has been growing interest in applying machine learning (ML) methods in this area. However, the lessons and experience learned so far have not been systematically documented and summarised. This is the first article that surveys studies on ML applications in crash severity modelling and has the following major contributions: (1) it provides a comprehensive and critical review of current research efforts; (2) it summarises the successful experience and main challenges (e.g. data and methodology); and (3) it identifies promising research opportunities towards accurate and reliable crash severity modelling and results interpretation. The review results suggest that imbalanced data remains a major issue. Under- and over-samplings are often used to balance crash severity data despite their limitations. Some studies use local sensitivity analysis (LSA) to interpret ML modelling results but ignore the strict assumptions of LSA and omit the joint effects of risk factors. Moreover, very few studies consider the accuracy and reliability of ML model evaluation metrics. Other issues include spatiotemporal correlations, causality, model transferability and heterogeneity. This paper concludes by providing suggestions on model selection and modification to address the identified issues and recommendations for future research. For example, employing advanced ML methods such as graph convolutional networks (GCN) to model spatiotemporal correlations; exploring innovative ways of applying ML methods; and leveraging new developments in ML (e.g. interpretable ML) to derive causal relationships and interpret modelling results.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 855-879
Issue: 6
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1954108
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1954108
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:6:p:855-879
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roja Ezzati Amini
Author-X-Name-First: Roja
Author-X-Name-Last: Ezzati Amini
Author-Name: Christos Katrakazas
Author-X-Name-First: Christos
Author-X-Name-Last: Katrakazas
Author-Name: Andreas Riener
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Riener
Author-Name: Constantinos Antoniou
Author-X-Name-First: Constantinos
Author-X-Name-Last: Antoniou
Title: Interaction of automated driving systems with pedestrians: challenges, current solutions, and recommendations for eHMIs
Abstract:
The conventional form of traffic interaction undergoes a notable change with the integration of automated driving systems as a new road user, into the public roads. This may be more challenging during the transition phase, while manual-driven vehicles are still on the road, and the road infrastructure is not fully ready for merging such vehicles into the traffic patterns. Therefore, developing a robust interaction method is crucial to ensure the safety of those users interacting with automated driving systems and to ensure the efficiency of these systems on the road. For this purpose, the interaction of automated driving systems with pedestrians, as one of the most vulnerable road user groups, is investigated in this paper. Previous studies have shown the necessity for a comprehensive understanding of pedestrian behaviours and intentions, their responses to different stimuli on the road, the factors influencing their decisions during the interaction, and various external communication techniques among road users. As a result, a wide range of factors related to the communication environment, pedestrian characteristics, and existing communication methods have been found to be significant in the decision-making process of pedestrians.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 788-813
Issue: 6
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1914771
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1914771
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:6:p:788-813
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jérémy Gelb
Author-X-Name-First: Jérémy
Author-X-Name-Last: Gelb
Author-Name: Philippe Apparicio
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe
Author-X-Name-Last: Apparicio
Title: Cyclists’ exposure to atmospheric and noise pollution: a systematic literature review
Abstract:
Cyclists constitute a population particularly exposed to atmospheric and noise pollution in urban environments; at the same time, they contribute to its reduction. For about ten years now, more and more studies have been completed to assess cyclists’ exposure, comparing this mode of transportation with others, quantifying its impacts in term of individual and collective health, understanding cyclists’ perceptions regarding their exposure, etc. Though some literature reviews have examined some of these specific issues, none have yet proposed a general overview of this field of study. Therefore, this mapping literature review fills this gap by jointly analysing 205 articles and identifying elements of consensus and disagreement, as well as existing gaps. Among others, our results indicate that the cities in the South and exposure to noise are under-studied and that cyclists’ ventilation is still too rarely accounted for, regardless of the type of studies. Modelling studies regarding exposure are too heterogeneous methodologically to allow a generalisation of their results. Conversely, intermodal comparison studies clearly indicate overexposure for cyclists compared to other modes. Also, health studies conclude that, either individually or collectively, the benefits of cycling surpass the costs of exposure to atmospheric pollution. The knowledge produced by this research trend remains difficult to exploit by urban planners, but the recent work done seems to offer more practical perspectives to professionals.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 742-765
Issue: 6
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1895361
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1895361
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:6:p:742-765
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruben A. Kuipers
Author-X-Name-First: Ruben A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuipers
Author-Name: Carl-William Palmqvist
Author-X-Name-First: Carl-William
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmqvist
Author-Name: Nils O.E. Olsson
Author-X-Name-First: Nils O.E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Olsson
Author-Name: Lena Winslott Hiselius
Author-X-Name-First: Lena
Author-X-Name-Last: Winslott Hiselius
Title: The passenger’s influence on dwell times at station platforms: a literature review
Abstract:
Dwell time delays, although small in nature, can accumulate to a large delay over the entire journey of a train. It is, however, difficult to precisely know the amount of time which is required at stations due to the inherent variance in human behaviour. Furthermore, planning practices do not seem to capture the dynamic nature of the dwell time process. The current literature review focusses on the influence that passengers have on the length and variance of dwell times at stations. More specifically, this study focusses on the underlying causes for the distribution of passengers along a platform while waiting for the train to arrive at the station and their behaviour during the boarding and alighting process. As part of this review, two databases were systematically searched, and backwards snowballing techniques were applied. To ensure the quality of the included literature, a systematic quality appraisal was carried out. The findings show that measures related to platform management and changes to train operations have the potential to play a substantial role in reducing the variance in dwell times, as well as improvements in the provision of information to travellers. Such measures also allow for a more solution-oriented approach. However, the actual benefits of such measures need further studying. The findings also show that the distribution of passengers and the behaviour of passengers during the boarding and alighting process are connected and should thus be addressed as a whole rather than separate aspects. The majority of the studies included in this review did, however, not focus on both elements in conjunction. There is thus a need for future studies into the effect of platform management measures where efforts must be made to better understand the impact of measures on both the behaviour and distribution of passengers.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 721-741
Issue: 6
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1887960
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1887960
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:6:p:721-741
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jung Eun Park
Author-X-Name-First: Jung Eun
Author-X-Name-Last: Park
Title: Schedule delays of major projects: what should we do about it?
Abstract:
Cost overruns and schedule delays are one of the most common reasons for project failure. Although schedule delays not only result in significant financial implications to project sponsors but also lead to substantial social costs to the public, scant attention has been dedicated to schedule delays [Padalkar, M., & Gopinath, S. (2016). Six decades of project management research: Thematic trends and future opportunities. International Journal of Project Management, 34(7), 1305–1321]. This study therefore investigates the frequency, magnitude, and characteristics of schedule delays occurring during the construction of 113 large public procurements built in the U.S. and the U.K. between 1999 and 2018. Through tests of hypotheses, this study finds that there is a gap between presumptions and reality. Although extensive efforts were made to project controls in the U.S. and the U.K. over the last two decades, this study also finds that project performance has not improved at all from a schedule perspective. In order to address the issue, this study then suggests reference class forecasting to develop more realistic and reliable schedule estimates.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 814-832
Issue: 6
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1915897
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1915897
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:6:p:814-832
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glenn Lyons
Author-X-Name-First: Glenn
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons
Title: Reviewing transport in light of the pandemic
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 715-720
Issue: 6
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1962609
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1962609
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:6:p:715-720
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lake Sagaris
Author-X-Name-First: Lake
Author-X-Name-Last: Sagaris
Title: An analysis of the role of cycling in sustainable urban mobility
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 880-882
Issue: 6
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1906351
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1906351
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:6:p:880-882
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giovanni Vecchio
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni
Author-X-Name-Last: Vecchio
Author-Name: Karel Martens
Author-X-Name-First: Karel
Author-X-Name-Last: Martens
Title: Accessibility and the Capabilities Approach: a review of the literature and proposal for conceptual advancements
Abstract:
The Capability Approach, developed by Sen and Nussbaum, has recently gained increasing attention in the transport literature. This paper adds to this growing body of literature by investigating how the approach can generate consistent evaluative approaches to inform (urban) transport planning. The paper reviews the mobility literature that has investigated the Capabilities Approach and identifies the opportunities and challenges of employing the approach as a basis for transport planning. The review highlights the different, and sometimes patchy, ways in which the key notions of the approach have been conceptualised and operationalised. Discussing this growing but scattered literature, the paper embraces the emerging direction that understands accessibility as the capability that transport planning and policy should consider. Further refining this understanding, the paper proposes a twofold evaluative approach combining a top-down and a bottom-up component to capture the myriad of conversion factors shaping people’s accessibility-as-capability and functioning. By systematically adopting the Capabilities Approach, transport planning and mobility policies will be directed to enhancing each person’s freedom to pursue the life they have reason to value in contemporary societies.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 833-854
Issue: 6
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1931551
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1931551
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:6:p:833-854
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Hosford
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Hosford
Author-Name: Caislin Firth
Author-X-Name-First: Caislin
Author-X-Name-Last: Firth
Author-Name: Michael Brauer
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Brauer
Author-Name: Meghan Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Meghan
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Title: The effects of road pricing on transportation and health equity: a scoping review
Abstract:
Road pricing is increasingly considered as an option to support transportation infrastructure costs, manage demand, and reduce emissions. However, the extent to which implementation of such approaches may impact transportation and health equity is unclear. In this scoping review, we examine the differential transportation and health effects of road pricing policies across population groups and geographic region. We conducted a systematic database search of Transport Research International Documentation, GEOBASE, Scopus, and Ovid Medline, supplemented by bibliographic review and internet searches. Fifteen studies were included in the review. The studies evaluated area and cordon road pricing systems in Singapore, London, Stockholm, Milan, and Gothenburg, and had a median follow-up period of 12 months. Outcomes evaluated include car commuting, mode shift to public transit, accessibility to destinations, affordability, welfare, social interactions, air pollution, traffic injuries and deaths, acute asthma attacks, and life expectancy. While more studies across diverse urban contexts and policy settings will be needed to strengthen the evidence base, the existing evidence suggests road pricing has mostly net positive effects related to a reduction in car trips, air pollution, asthma attacks, and road traffic collisions, and increases in life expectancy. Frequency and ease of social interactions were found to be negatively impacted, with fewer visits to family and friends. The population groups that generally fared better across transportation and health outcomes were those with higher incomes, men, and people between the ages of 35–55. Across space, there are benefits for both the areas inside and outside the cordon boundary, but to a greater degree for the area inside. Overall, the evidence base is limited by a narrow set of health-related outcomes and a lack of longer-term studies. We did not come across any studies assessing distributional effects of noise pollution, mode shifts to walking or cycling, or other morbidities in the general population that are not listed above. In addition, there are few evaluations that include non-work trips, therefore potentially missing effects for unemployed populations or women who are more likely to make non-work trips. We find that the limited body of evidence on area and cordon pricing policies suggests these policies are beneficial for a number of transportation and health outcomes, particularly for populations inside the cordon area, but that there may be some degree of inequities in the distribution of the benefits and burdens.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 766-787
Issue: 6
Volume: 41
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1898488
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1898488
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:41:y:2021:i:6:p:766-787
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rahul Goel
Author-X-Name-First: Rahul
Author-X-Name-Last: Goel
Author-Name: Anna Goodman
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodman
Author-Name: Rachel Aldred
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldred
Author-Name: Ryota Nakamura
Author-X-Name-First: Ryota
Author-X-Name-Last: Nakamura
Author-Name: Lambed Tatah
Author-X-Name-First: Lambed
Author-X-Name-Last: Tatah
Author-Name: Leandro Martin Totaro Garcia
Author-X-Name-First: Leandro Martin Totaro
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcia
Author-Name: Belen Zapata-Diomedi
Author-X-Name-First: Belen
Author-X-Name-Last: Zapata-Diomedi
Author-Name: Thiago Herick de Sa
Author-X-Name-First: Thiago Herick
Author-X-Name-Last: de Sa
Author-Name: Geetam Tiwari
Author-X-Name-First: Geetam
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiwari
Author-Name: Audrey de Nazelle
Author-X-Name-First: Audrey
Author-X-Name-Last: de Nazelle
Author-Name: Marko Tainio
Author-X-Name-First: Marko
Author-X-Name-Last: Tainio
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Author-Name: Thomas Götschi
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Götschi
Author-Name: James Woodcock
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodcock
Title: Cycling behaviour in 17 countries across 6 continents: levels of cycling, who cycles, for what purpose, and how far?
Abstract:
International comparisons of cycling behaviour have typically been limited to high-income countries and often limited to the prevalence of cycling, with lack of discussions on demographic and trip characteristics. We used a combination of city, regional, and national travel surveys from 17 countries across the six continents, ranging from years 2009 through 2019. We present a descriptive analysis of cycling behaviour including level of cycling, trip purpose and distance, and user demographics, at the city-level for 35 major cities (>1 million population) and in urbanised areas nationwide for 11 countries. The Netherlands, Japan and Germany are among the highest cycling countries and their cities among the highest cycling cities. In cities and countries with high cycling levels, cycling rates tend to be more equal between work and non-work trips, whereas in geographies with low cycling levels, cycling to work is higher than cycling for other trips. In terms of cycling distance, patterns in high- and low-cycling geographies are more similar. We found a strong positive association between the level of cycling and women’s representation among cyclists. In almost all geographies with cycling mode share greater than 7% women made as many cycle trips as men, and sometimes even greater. The share of cycling trips by women is much lower in geographies with cycling mode shares less than 7%. Among the geographies with higher levels of cycling, children (<16 years) are often overrepresented. Older adults (>60 years) remain underrepresented in all geographies but have relatively better representation where levels of cycling are high. In low-cycling settings, females are underrepresented across all the age groups, and more so when older than 16 years. With increasing level of cycling, representation of females improves across all the age groups, and most significantly among children and older adults. Clustering the cities and countries into homogeneous cycling typologies reveals that high cycling levels always coincide with high representation of females and good representations of all age groups. In low-cycling settings, it is the reverse. We recommend that evaluations of cycling policies include usage by gender and age groups as benchmarks in addition to overall use. To achieve representation across different age and gender groups, making neighbourhoods cycling friendly and developing safer routes to school, should be equally high on the agenda as cycling corridors that often cater to commuting traffic.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 58-81
Issue: 1
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1915898
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1915898
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:1:p:58-81
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Khashayar Kazemzadeh
Author-X-Name-First: Khashayar
Author-X-Name-Last: Kazemzadeh
Author-Name: Enrico Ronchi
Author-X-Name-First: Enrico
Author-X-Name-Last: Ronchi
Title: From bike to electric bike level-of-service
Abstract:
The evaluation of electric bike (e-bike) riders’ perception of comfort can lead to a better understanding of user requirements. This can be performed through Level-of-service (LOS) studies. To date, the e-bike LOS (ELOS) concept is scarcely developed and research concerning e-bike travel behaviour characteristics is relatively sparse. In this paper, we use bike LOS (BLOS) studies as a foundation to identify the knowledge gap for ELOS. Along with BLOS, e-bike riding comfort and the distinction between bikes and e-bikes characteristics were scrutinised. Travel behaviour, and e-bike modal substitution research were also reviewed to provide a better picture of e-bike riders’ requirements. Based on these domains, we propose a preliminary conceptual framework for the development of ELOS. The results suggest that there is a limited number of studies that whether explicitly evaluate ELOS or consider the e-bike in the BLOS analysis. Also, the extent of substitution of cars, public transport, and bikes by e-bikes can range from partial to complete replacement, thus potentially affecting ELOS developments. The specification of this substitution contributes to a deeper understanding of the ELOS concept in relation to the adaptation of LOS indices used for other transport modes. Finally, it appears evident that ELOS developments would require further research on e-bike interaction analysis in shared mobility in which vulnerable road users are present. The findings of this study help researchers and policy-makers assessing the knowledge gap in ELOS and provide them a preliminary conceptual framework for ELOS development.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 6-31
Issue: 1
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1900450
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1900450
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:1:p:6-31
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jiahe Bian
Author-X-Name-First: Jiahe
Author-X-Name-Last: Bian
Author-Name: Wei Li
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Sinan Zhong
Author-X-Name-First: Sinan
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhong
Author-Name: Chanam Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Chanam
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Margaret Foster
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret
Author-X-Name-Last: Foster
Author-Name: Xinyue Ye
Author-X-Name-First: Xinyue
Author-X-Name-Last: Ye
Title: The end-user benefits of smartphone transit apps: a systematic literature review
Abstract:
Transit apps are cost-efficient strategies to facilitate transit use. This study is the first systematic review that synthesises the literature on these apps’ end-user benefits. We identified limitations in the existing knowledge in terms of study methods, population, and scopes. This review offers insights to guide researchers and policymakers to unlock the potential of transit apps in promoting the use and experience of public transit. We conducted the literature searches in August 2020, covering studies published between 2010 and 2020 from TRID, Compendex, Business Source Ultimate Ebsco, and Acad Search Ultimate Ebsco. Articles were screened and reviewed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In total, 13 out of 3,812 articles met our pre-specified eligibility criteria. We identified key user benefits in three domains: perception and psychological changes, time savings on trips, and travel behaviour changes. These studies found that smartphone transit apps may improve the perceived reliability of transit services, increase perceived safety, reduce anxiety while waiting, and build a positive image of transit. Also, transit apps could help users reduce wait time at transit stops. Studies further reported that smartphone transit apps have the potential to boost ridership. After critically assessing the articles, we recommended future studies to improve study designs, adjust study populations, and expand study scopes. First, future studies about travel behaviour impacts would need to adopt more rigorous study designs and methods. Second, more studies about infrequent riders and non-riders are needed. Third, current studies have not paid enough attention to the important subgroup of captive riders, such as riders in rural areas who rely on infrequent and unreliable transit services. Fourth, more empirical evidence is needed to quantify the impacts of public sector transit apps. Trip planning and mobile ticketing functions of transit apps are overlooked. Fifth, the established theoretical framework about travel behaviours and emerging technologies could serve as solid theoretical bases and would need to be integrated into future research designs.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 82-101
Issue: 1
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1950864
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1950864
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:1:p:82-101
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bhuvanachithra Chidambaram
Author-X-Name-First: Bhuvanachithra
Author-X-Name-Last: Chidambaram
Title: Measuring transport equity
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 127-128
Issue: 1
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1983068
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1983068
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:1:p:127-128
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Author-Name: Ahmed El-Geneidy
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Geneidy
Title: What is a good transport review paper?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-5
Issue: 1
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.2001996
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.2001996
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:1:p:1-5
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ahmed Mohssen Abdelmagid
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed Mohssen
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdelmagid
Author-Name: Mohamed Samir Gheith
Author-X-Name-First: Mohamed Samir
Author-X-Name-Last: Gheith
Author-Name: Amr Bahgat Eltawil
Author-X-Name-First: Amr Bahgat
Author-X-Name-Last: Eltawil
Title: A comprehensive review of the truck appointment scheduling models and directions for future research
Abstract:
The performance of a container terminal is typically evaluated using two main indicators: the vessel berthing time and the truck turnaround time. These two indicators are significantly influenced by the truck’s arrivals and departures to/from the container terminal. In the truck appointment scheduling problem, it is desired to designate a time slot for each truck to pick up/deliver a container from/to the container terminal while considering the objectives and constraints of the terminal and the trucking companies. Truck appointment systems are considered as a solution to control the truck arrivals and improve terminal efficiency. This paper presents a comprehensive review and analysis of the literature addressing the external truck appointment scheduling problem and presents possible directions for future research. After explaining the problem and its importance, the reviewed literature is classified based on three main categories: control and decision perspectives, modelling methodologies, and collaboration between stakeholders. Furthermore, the impact of implementing information and communication technologies on the external truck appointment scheduling problem is addressed. The paper covers the most recent publications and discusses their contributions. Besides, research gaps and future research directions are concluded.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 102-126
Issue: 1
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1955034
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1955034
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:1:p:102-126
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Durand
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Durand
Author-Name: Toon Zijlstra
Author-X-Name-First: Toon
Author-X-Name-Last: Zijlstra
Author-Name: Niels van Oort
Author-X-Name-First: Niels
Author-X-Name-Last: van Oort
Author-Name: Sascha Hoogendoorn-Lanser
Author-X-Name-First: Sascha
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoogendoorn-Lanser
Author-Name: Serge Hoogendoorn
Author-X-Name-First: Serge
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoogendoorn
Title: Access denied? Digital inequality in transport services
Abstract:
Digitalisation in transport services offers many benefits for travellers. However, not everyone is willing or able to follow the new, more or less formal requirements digitalisation has brought along. Existing reviews on the intersection between Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and mobility cover a range of vantage points, but the perspective of how various levels of engagement with digital technologies affect access and navigation of transport services has not been addressed yet. In communication science, studying disparities in terms of ICT appropriation and their consequences is known as digital inequality research. This review paper aims at shedding light on what digital inequality in the context of transport services consists of and what its consequences are. To do so, we define and use a conceptual framework for the analysis of digital inequality in transport services. The review of the twenty-five papers, as selected in our systematic literature search, shows that there is a burgeoning interest in this topic. Vulnerability to digitalisation in transport services exists along dimensions of age, income, education, ethnicity, gender and geographical region. We find that motivations and material access get more attention than digital skills and effective usage. Nevertheless, literature acknowledges that having material access to technology does not mean that people benefit from what technology has to offer. Furthermore, the characteristics of ICTs impact one’s possibilities to access digital technologies, such as how user-friendly a technology is. Data-driven and algorithm-based decision-making present a particularly pernicious form of digital exclusion from transport services. As digital technologies are progressively becoming indispensable to navigate the world of transport services, low levels of digital engagement may create a new layer of transport disadvantage, possibly on top of existing ones. Although digitalisation can be part of the solution to transport disadvantage, it can also be part of the problem. With network effects at play, what might start as a relative disadvantage may turn into an absolute disadvantage. Given the nascent state of research on digital inequality in transport services, much remains to be understood. Suggested research avenues include mechanisms of digital exclusion from transport services, the contribution of digital inequality to transport disadvantage, and importantly, solutions to mitigate its impacts.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 32-57
Issue: 1
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1923584
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1923584
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:1:p:32-57
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pavlos Tafidis
Author-X-Name-First: Pavlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Tafidis
Author-Name: Haneen Farah
Author-X-Name-First: Haneen
Author-X-Name-Last: Farah
Author-Name: Tom Brijs
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Brijs
Author-Name: Ali Pirdavani
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Pirdavani
Title: Safety implications of higher levels of automated vehicles: a scoping review
Abstract:
Automated vehicles (AVs) promise to improve road safety, reduce traffic congestion and emissions, and enhance mobility. However, evidence regarding their safety benefits has not been systematically investigated and documented. In this study, we utilise a scoping review approach to investigate and synthesise the existing literature on higher levels of AVs’ safety implications. This aids future relevant studies by identifying the research gaps and reporting the methodological approaches used. The review focused not only on peer-reviewed articles but also on grey literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research state. In total, 5724 articles were identified, and 4167 records were screened after duplicates and dual publications removal, from which 27 were found eligible for review. Ultimately, 24 studies met all the inclusion criteria and were considered for the review. The reported evidence was focused on changes in road safety levels after the deployment of AVs in transport networks. The data was extracted and charted by one reviewer using tables to create a descriptive summary of the results and address the scoping review's questions and objectives. In general, the findings suggest that AVs hold the potential to improve the overall safety on roads, although the existing evidence is not mainly based on real data but assumptions regarding vehicles’ capabilities and behaviour. The limited number of studies and the fact that all of them were published or conducted after 2014 indicate that the research on AVs’ safety impacts is just emerging.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 245-267
Issue: 2
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1971794
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1971794
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:2:p:245-267
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hao Ding
Author-X-Name-First: Hao
Author-X-Name-Last: Ding
Author-Name: Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia
Author-X-Name-Last: Loukaitou-Sideris
Author-Name: Jacob L. Wasserman
Author-X-Name-First: Jacob L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wasserman
Title: Homelessness on public transit: A review of problems and responses
Abstract:
More than half a million people in the U.S. experience homelessness every day. Lacking other options, many turn to transit vehicles, stops, and stations for shelter. Many also ride public transit to reach various destinations. With affordable housing scarce and the numbers of unhoused individuals often surpassing the capacities of existing safety nets and support systems, transit operators face homelessness as a pressing issue on their systems and must implement policy measures from other realms beyond transportation to address it. Because of the health and safety implications for transit of the COVID-19 pandemic and the anticipated further rise in homelessness from the resulting economic downturn, studying and responding to the needs of these vulnerable travelers is critical.We conduct a comprehensive literature review to identify articles discussing homelessness in transit systems. While only a handful of articles exist from the 1990s, there is an emerging literature in the last 20 years that examines different aspects of homelessness in transit systems. We identify and review 63 articles on homelessness in transit systems and other public settings to better understand the extent of homelessness in the U.S., and how transit agencies perceive its impacts. We also summarise literature findings on the travel patterns of unsheltered individuals, which show that public transit represents an important and common mode of travel for them. Lastly, we focus on responses to homelessness from the part of transit operators. We find two types of responses: 1) punitive, in which criminalisation, policing and enforcement of laws and codes of conduct prevail, and 2) outreach-related, which aim towards providing help and support to unsheltered individuals. We conclude by summarising our findings as well as the existing gaps in the literature.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 134-156
Issue: 2
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1923583
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1923583
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:2:p:134-156
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tharsis Teoh
Author-X-Name-First: Tharsis
Author-X-Name-Last: Teoh
Title: Electric vehicle charging strategies for Urban freight transport: concept and typology
Abstract:
Charging services play an important role in encouraging the growth of the electric freight vehicle (EFV) market. Understanding charging strategies and their influence on charging behavior is crucial in the deployment of charging services. Unfortunately, existing charging strategy definitions and types are incoherent and incomplete. This conceptual paper synthesizes the perspectives found in literature on the charging strategy concept, and provides a definition based on Orlikowski’s structurational model of technology. A two-level charging strategy typology is proposed. The first distinguishes between decision-making modes: schedule- or trigger-based decisions. The second identifies when and where charging is used during a vehicle operating cycle. The result is three schedule-based charging strategies: downtime, opportunity, and intrusive charging, and one trigger-based emergency charging. The selection of strategy depends on the EFV operations, the availability of charging systems and services, as well as the driver behaviour. The influence of the strategy on enhancing the EFV, the carrier operations and business model is discussed. Charging behaviour, especially in location and timing, is shown to be strongly dependent on the strategy. While downtime charging is considered the default strategy, carriers should employ a variety of complementary strategies to enhance the capability of their vehicles and improve the financial viability of the operations. Carriers should also have an emergency charging strategy on hand in case of unforeseen situations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 157-180
Issue: 2
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1950233
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1950233
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:2:p:157-180
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jun Park
Author-X-Name-First: Jun
Author-X-Name-Last: Park
Author-Name: Subeh Chowdhury
Author-X-Name-First: Subeh
Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury
Title: Towards an enabled journey: barriers encountered by public transport riders with disabilities for the whole journey chain
Abstract:
The ability to travel freely and independently to participate in society is essential for an individual’s wellbeing and quality of life. People with disabilities are often unable to access public transport due to barriers in the urban environment and public transport systems. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the barriers faced by people with disabilities who are independent public transport riders. It includes: (a) barriers encountered from the perspective of the whole journey chain, from origin to destination for public transport trips; (b) investigates the commonalities and differences in the perceived barriers for different disability types; (c) discusses the impacts and shortcomings of universal design; and (d) limitations to data collection procedures. Evidence from the review of the existing literature has shown that there is limited research on travel behaviour relating to the whole public transport journey chain for people with disabilities. The consequences of not being able to make a journey due to the barriers in public transport inhibit participation in society that can have a range of negative impacts on the wellbeing of people with disabilities. This paper highlights the importance of the “bottom-up” approach for policy implementation and engagement with the disability community. It concludes with directions for further work and recommendations for practitioners.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 181-203
Issue: 2
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1955035
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1955035
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:2:p:181-203
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Author-Name: Patrick A. Singleton
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton
Author-Name: Tommy Gärling
Author-X-Name-First: Tommy
Author-X-Name-Last: Gärling
Title: From attitude to satisfaction: introducing the travel mode choice cycle
Abstract:
Many studies analysing the relationship between attitudes and travel behaviour have found that travel attitudes have an important impact on travel mode choice. More recently, studies focusing on how people experience travel have shown that travel satisfaction is influenced by the chosen travel mode. The desire and intention of using a travel mode – which can be considered as important predictors of mode choice – have, however, received limited attention. Furthermore, existing studies mostly have a narrow scope and lack integration of the above constructs. In this paper, we introduce the travel mode choice cycle (TMCC), a comprehensive model aiming to link attitude, desire, intention, behaviour, and satisfaction by integrating prominent social-psychological attitude theories such as the theory of planned behaviour, the model of goal-directed behaviour, and the theory of cognitive dissonance. We argue that the constructs of the TMCC are strongly interrelated such that they can affect each other in direct and indirect ways. The proposed cycle provides valuable insights for policymakers to stimulate the use of desired travel modes, such as public transport and active travel. We end this paper by providing suggestions for future studies to simultaneously investigate the relationships specified by the TMCC.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 204-221
Issue: 2
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1958952
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1958952
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:2:p:204-221
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ahmed El-Geneidy
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Geneidy
Author-Name: David Levinson
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Levinson
Title: Making accessibility work in practice
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 129-133
Issue: 2
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1975954
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1975954
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:2:p:129-133
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jennifer L. Kent
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kent
Title: The use of practice theory in transport research
Abstract:
Mundane transport practices are implicated in a series of global harms, including those associated with climate change. Most agree that the way we travel day-to-day needs to shift. While agreement on the end goal is common, informing and enacting policies to implement change is an ongoing challenge, in part because of the sheer complexity of factors shaping the way we travel. Transport researchers need to develop an understanding of this complexity that is easily and elegantly translated into transport policy. Practice theory has potential to contribute to such understandings, and this paper provides a review of the ways it has been employed in contemporary transport research. Using a review of 38 studies, the paper highlights the benefits of the practice theory approach for research, and the applicability of the insights it generates for real world transport problems. The paper concludes that practice theory brings useful tools and concepts to understand both the complexity of transport, and the interplay between structure and the travelling agent, that is so often missed by traditional transport methodologies. In this way, it can, and does, add to the already well theorised and empiricised realm of transport studies. The approach, however, requires careful operationalisation and further development to fulfil its potential to produce research insights to capable of informing the urgent need to shift the way that we travel.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 222-244
Issue: 2
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1961918
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1961918
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:2:p:222-244
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sebastian Castellanos
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Castellanos
Author-Name: Susan Grant-Muller
Author-X-Name-First: Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: Grant-Muller
Author-Name: Katy Wright
Author-X-Name-First: Katy
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright
Title: Technology, transport, and the sharing economy: towards a working taxonomy for shared mobility
Abstract:
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying the interactions between the fields of digital technology and transport and multiple terms to describe these interactions have been proposed. These include terms such as “smart mobility”, “new mobility”, “3-revolutions” and “Mobility-as-a-Service”, amongst others. While these terms encompass a wide range of technology-transportation interactions, all of them include shared mobility as one of its elements, yet there is still no broadly accepted definition in the academic literature of what the term “shared mobility” means or what type of technology-transport interactions it encompasses. The aim of this paper is to propose a taxonomy for shared mobility based on a critical engagement with the main bodies of literature across disciplinary areas that underpin this concept: (1) the interactions between digital technology and transport, and (2) the broader concept of the sharing economy. Though these two elements are sometimes mentioned together in the literature as relevant to shared mobility, to the authors’ knowledge they have not yet been combined in a published study to explicitly propose a definition or taxonomy. Having a clearly defined and broadly accepted terminology for shared mobility is important, as this is a term that is used not only in the academic literature, but also by policymakers and in policy documents, and the lack of a definition leads to a lack of clarity and shared understanding of what shared mobility involves. The literature reviewed carried out for this paper suggests that different authors use the term shared mobility in diverse ways to refer to a diverse set of solutions. The proposed taxonomy can therefore be used by public and private policymakers and academics alike to speak a common language when referring to, planning for, and evaluating shared mobility solutions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 318-336
Issue: 3
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1968976
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1968976
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:3:p:318-336
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Huyen T. K. Le
Author-X-Name-First: Huyen T. K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Le
Author-Name: Andre L. Carrel
Author-X-Name-First: Andre L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Carrel
Author-Name: Harsh Shah
Author-X-Name-First: Harsh
Author-X-Name-Last: Shah
Title: Impacts of online shopping on travel demand: a systematic review
Abstract:
The rise of e-commerce has led to substantial changes in personal travel and activities. We systematically reviewed empirical studies on the relationship between online shopping and personal travel behaviour. We synthesised and assessed the evidence for four types of effects on various travel outcomes, including trip frequency, travel distance, trip chaining, mode choice, and time use. In 42 articles reviewed, we found more evidence that online shopping substitutes for shopping travel. Most studies to date have focused on trip frequency but neglected other travel outcomes. Very few studies have considered the modification effect, which has significant implications for travel demand management. In sum, previous studies have not reached a consensus on the dominant effect of online shopping, in part due to the diversity in variable measurements, types of goods, study areas, and analytic methods. A limitation of previous studies is the reliance on cross-sectional surveys, which hinders the distinction between short- and long-term behaviours and between modification, complementarity, and substitution effects. Our study provides an agenda for future research on this topic and discusses policy implications related to land use, behavioural changes, data collection, and modelling for practitioners who wish to incorporate e-commerce in planning for sustainable urban systems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 273-295
Issue: 3
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1961917
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1961917
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:3:p:273-295
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alejandro Tirachini
Author-X-Name-First: Alejandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Tirachini
Author-Name: Javiera Godachevich
Author-X-Name-First: Javiera
Author-X-Name-Last: Godachevich
Author-Name: Oded Cats
Author-X-Name-First: Oded
Author-X-Name-Last: Cats
Author-Name: Juan Carlos Muñoz
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Muñoz
Author-Name: Jaime Soza-Parra
Author-X-Name-First: Jaime
Author-X-Name-Last: Soza-Parra
Title: Headway variability in public transport: a review of metrics, determinants, effects for quality of service and control strategies
Abstract:
The most relevant issues related to headway variability in public transport planning, operations and quality of service are reviewed in this paper. We discuss the causes and consequences of headway variability, the alternative metrics that have been proposed to measure it, the preventive and reactive strategies to control headway variability in both research and practice, including the role of drivers and of present and future technology, and how service provision contracts might deal with headway variability through metrics and financial incentives. The most influential elements that explain headway variability along a route are the irregularity at which vehicles are dispatched, the scheduled frequency, the distance travelled or route length, the passenger demand and associated dwell times, and the number of stops. We conclude that there is a large gap between the state-of-the-art and the state-of-practice in terms of identification of headway variability issues, as well as in the development of mitigation and control measures. It is therefore paramount that future research will contribute to closing this gap by addressing organisational, contractual and technological barriers in the implementation of measures aimed at mitigating headway variability in public transport services.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 337-361
Issue: 3
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1977415
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1977415
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:3:p:337-361
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Author-Name: Haoning Xi
Author-X-Name-First: Haoning
Author-X-Name-Last: Xi
Title: Mobility as a service (MaaS): are effort and seamlessness the keys to MaaS uptake?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 269-272
Issue: 3
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2044590
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2044590
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:3:p:269-272
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xavier Delclòs-Alió
Author-X-Name-First: Xavier
Author-X-Name-Last: Delclòs-Alió
Author-Name: Daniel A. Rodríguez
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez
Author-Name: Catalina Medina
Author-X-Name-First: Catalina
Author-X-Name-Last: Medina
Author-Name: J. Jaime Miranda
Author-X-Name-First: J. Jaime
Author-X-Name-Last: Miranda
Author-Name: Ione Avila-Palencia
Author-X-Name-First: Ione
Author-X-Name-Last: Avila-Palencia
Author-Name: Felipe Targa
Author-X-Name-First: Felipe
Author-X-Name-Last: Targa
Author-Name: Mika R. Moran
Author-X-Name-First: Mika R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Moran
Author-Name: Olga Lucía Sarmiento
Author-X-Name-First: Olga Lucía
Author-X-Name-Last: Sarmiento
Author-Name: D. Alex Quistberg
Author-X-Name-First: D. Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Quistberg
Title: Walking for transportation in large Latin American cities: walking-only trips and total walking events and their sociodemographic correlates
Abstract:
Walking for transportation is a common and accessible means of achieving recommended physical activity levels, while providing important social and environmental co-benefits. Even though walking in rapidly growing urban areas has become especially challenging given the increasing dependence on motorised transportation, walking remains a major mode of transportation in Latin American cities. In this paper we aimed to quantify self-reported walking for transportation in Mexico City, Bogota, Santiago de Chile, Sao Paulo, and Buenos Aires, by identifying both walking trips that are conducted entirely on foot and walking events involved in trips mainly conducted on other means of transportation (e.g. private vehicle, public transit) among individuals ≥5-years old. We show how walking-only trips account for approximately 30% trips in the analysed cities, and we evidence how the pedestrian dimension of mobility is largely underestimated if walking that is incidental to other transportation modes is not accounted for: when considering all walking events, we observed an increase between 73% and 217% in daily walking time. As a result, we estimated that between 19% and 25% of residents in these cities meet the WHO physical activity guidelines solely from walking for transportation. The results of the study also suggest that the promotion of public transportation in large Latin American cities can especially help certain population groups achieve the daily recommended levels of physical activity, while among low-income groups accessibility and safety seem to be the key challenges to be addressed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 296-317
Issue: 3
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1966552
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1966552
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:3:p:296-317
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thiago Carvalho dos Reis Silveira
Author-X-Name-First: Thiago
Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho dos Reis Silveira
Author-Name: Cezar Augusto Romano
Author-X-Name-First: Cezar Augusto
Author-X-Name-Last: Romano
Author-Name: Tatiana Maria Cecy Gadda
Author-X-Name-First: Tatiana Maria Cecy
Author-X-Name-Last: Gadda
Title: Loyalty and public transit: a quantitative systematic review of the literature
Abstract:
Cities are becoming more and more car-dependent. In tandem, public transit systems are facing an increasing loss of ridership. In this scenario, researchers have started investigating loyalty behaviour to understand what encourages user retention. This paper reviews the academic literature on loyalty formation in public transit, including (i) the research context; (ii) the methods applied and the assessment of heterogeneity; (iii) the conceptualisation and operationalisation of loyalty; and (iv) the influence of researched constructs on loyalty. Finally, potential avenues for future research are highlighted. The literature is largely concentrated in Asia, North America, and Europe. Most studies use a combination of quantitative data, cross-sectional design combined with survey data collection, modelling, and, to a lesser extent, clustering. In this sense, structural equation modelling (SEM) is broadly applied. The loyalty construct is usually operationalised according to attitudinal variables, while behavioural measures are less assessed. The research on this field is strongly influenced by marketing theory. Consequently, service quality, satisfaction, and perceived value are often modelled. Both satisfaction and service quality are repeatedly shown to have a strong positive influence on the development of loyalty. Nonetheless, the operationalisation of these constructs can differ greatly across studies, which makes it harder to compare the findings. Additionally, most SEM studies only report direct effects, which inhibit assessing the full influence of the variables on loyalty. There are also small clusters of research on other variables, such as image, involvement, problem experiences, and social psychology variables. To different degrees, these constructs are found to influence loyalty. Sometimes, even to a greater extent than service quality and satisfaction. In this sense, future research could benefit from further exploring these less research variables as they can bring new theoretical and operational perspectives to the current understanding of loyalty behaviour.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 362-383
Issue: 3
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1991032
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1991032
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:3:p:362-383
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Minn
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Minn
Author-Name: Sylvia Brady
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Brady
Author-Name: Julie Cidell
Author-X-Name-First: Julie
Author-X-Name-Last: Cidell
Author-Name: Keith Ratner
Author-X-Name-First: Keith
Author-X-Name-Last: Ratner
Author-Name: Andrew Goetz
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Goetz
Title: Shared-use rail corridors: a comparison of institutional perspectives in the United States and the European Union
Abstract:
This paper reviews existing literature to identify issues, challenges, and best practices associated with shared-use freight and passenger rail corridors. Specifically, this paper will compare and contrast shared-corridor practices from an institutional perspective in the United States and the European Union. These two regions were chosen because of their shared social, political, technological, and economic ties, their historical mixes of private and state railroad operations, and because of the significant contemporary differences in the role of rail in these two regions. That mix of similarities and differences clarifies important commonalities specific to freight and passenger railroads that may be applicable in other times and places. Best practices include planning for: capital investment, long-term time horizons, measurable incremental improvements, regional multi-modality, and mutual benefits between freight and passenger operations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 384-407
Issue: 3
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.2003473
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.2003473
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:3:p:384-407
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruth Shortall
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth
Author-X-Name-Last: Shortall
Author-Name: Niek Mouter
Author-X-Name-First: Niek
Author-X-Name-Last: Mouter
Author-Name: Bert Van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wee
Title: COVID-19 passenger transport measures and their impacts
Abstract:
Governments all over the world have had to implement various policy measures in order to curb the spread of COVID-19, impacting many people's lives and livelihoods. Combinations of measures targeting the transportation sector and other aspects of social life have been implemented with varying degrees of success in different countries. This paper proposes a classification of COVID-19 measures aimed at passenger mobility. We distinguish the categories “avoidance of travel”, “modal shift” and “improvement of quality”. Per category, we distinguish different types of measures and effects (social, economic and environmental). Next, we review the literature on COVID-19 measures for passenger mobility, after which we discuss the policy relevance of our findings and propose a research agenda. We conclude that broad or integral assessments of measures on all socially relevant effects are rare. Also, few studies exist to determine the effects of individual measures and deal with combinations of measures instead. Studies on social or economic effects focus on partial direct effects (e.g. turnover of the transport sector, effect of mobility measures on commuter traffic) and do not elaborate on indirect effects (e.g. changes in household expenditure, stress levels). Finally, there is a greater focus in the literature on intermediary health indicators (e.g. travel behaviour) but less on the actual spread of COVID-19 or indeed on other indirect health effects of measures (e.g. due to air pollution, more exercise, etc).
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 441-466
Issue: 4
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1976307
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1976307
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:4:p:441-466
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vishal Mahajan
Author-X-Name-First: Vishal
Author-X-Name-Last: Mahajan
Author-Name: Nico Kuehnel
Author-X-Name-First: Nico
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuehnel
Author-Name: Aikaterini Intzevidou
Author-X-Name-First: Aikaterini
Author-X-Name-Last: Intzevidou
Author-Name: Guido Cantelmo
Author-X-Name-First: Guido
Author-X-Name-Last: Cantelmo
Author-Name: Rolf Moeckel
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf
Author-X-Name-Last: Moeckel
Author-Name: Constantinos Antoniou
Author-X-Name-First: Constantinos
Author-X-Name-Last: Antoniou
Title: Data to the people: a review of public and proprietary data for transport models
Abstract:
Data play an indispensable role in transport modelling. The availability of data from non-conventional sources, such as mobile phones, social media, and public transport smart cards, changes the way we conduct mobility analyses and travel forecasting. Existing studies have demonstrated the multitude and varied applications of these emerging data in transport modelling. The transferability of current research and further endeavours depend mostly on the availability of these data. Therefore, the openness or public availability of the prominent data for transport modelling needs to be adequately investigated. Such a discussion should also encompass these data’s application aspects to provide a holistic overview. This paper defines a typology for the data classification based on a set of availability or openness attributes from the existing literature. Subsequently, we use the developed typology to classify the prominent transport data into four categories: (i) Commercial data, (ii) Inaccessible data, (iii) Gratis and accessible data with restricted use, and (iv) Open data. Using this typology, we conclude that the public data, which refer to the data that are accessible and free of cost, are a superset of open data. Further, we discuss the applications and limitations of the selected data in transport modelling and highlight in which task(s) certain data excel. Lastly, we synthesise our review using a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis to bring out the aspects relevant to data owners and data consumers. Public availability of data can help in various modelling steps such as trip generation, accessibility, destination choice, route choice, network modelling. Complementary datasets such as General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) and Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) increase the usability of other data. Thus, modellers can gain from the positive cascade effect by prioritising these data. There is also a potential for data owners to release proprietary data, such as mobile phone data, with restricted-use licenses after addressing privacy risks. Our study contributes by dealing with two problems at the same time. On the one hand, the paper analyses existing data based on their potential for mobility studies. On the other hand, we classify them based on how open they are. Hence, we identify the most promising public data for developing the next generation of transport models.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 415-440
Issue: 4
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1977414
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1977414
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:4:p:415-440
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Title: From aspiration to operation: ensuring equity in transportation
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 409-414
Issue: 4
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2064527
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2064527
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:4:p:409-414
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Apara Banerjee
Author-X-Name-First: Apara
Author-X-Name-Last: Banerjee
Author-Name: Mirosława Łukawska
Author-X-Name-First: Mirosława
Author-X-Name-Last: Łukawska
Author-Name: Anders Fjendbo Jensen
Author-X-Name-First: Anders Fjendbo
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen
Author-Name: Sonja Haustein
Author-X-Name-First: Sonja
Author-X-Name-Last: Haustein
Title: Facilitating bicycle commuting beyond short distances: insights from existing literature
Abstract:
Growing consensus on the advantages of cycling has led policymakers to become more interested in increasing the share of bicycle commuters. Even though the bicycle’s popularity as a convenient transport mode declines with increasing distance, in recent times efforts are being made to increase the cycling distances as it may bring incremental benefits to society as a whole. As a basis to facilitate cycling for longer distances, this literature review aims to improve knowledge on what stimulates bicycle commuting beyond 5 km, by analysing both socio-psychological and physical factors. Perceived trip benefits, cycling habits, bicycle-friendly infrastructure, and e-bike usage were identified as key factors. In particular, the emergence of the e-bike could popularise bicycle commuting beyond short distances, as it has the potential to overcome physical barriers and to substitute cars for moderate trip lengths. This review also emphasises the relevance of encouraging people to cycle longer distances and discusses different tailored intervention strategies. However, further research is required to fully understand the dynamics of bicycle commuting beyond short distances. This study suggests a re-evaluation of bicycle infrastructure and technology, bicycling attitudes, and long-term behavioural change in differing (social and physical) environments, recognising that the actions identified as successful to this end vary across cycling cultures.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 526-550
Issue: 4
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.2004261
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.2004261
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:4:p:526-550
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gregório Luz
Author-X-Name-First: Gregório
Author-X-Name-Last: Luz
Author-Name: Licinio Portugal
Author-X-Name-First: Licinio
Author-X-Name-Last: Portugal
Title: Understanding transport-related social exclusion through the lens of capabilities approach
Abstract:
The paper builds on the transport-related social exclusion (TRSE) literature and investigates how the insights provided by the Capability Approach can help to inform inclusive transport planning. To address the literature lack of conceptual clarity, we provided a framework that considers how individuals may be prevented from travelling and accessing valued opportunities and how this may lead to TRSE. Ten different dimensions of TRSE that individuals may experience are suggested. Although some dimensions were already proposed in past work, we contributed to this framework by expanding their scope and proposing a new dimension. The paper concludes that policies aimed at reducing TRSE should be concerned with increasing the capabilities of those in accessibility poverty to a sufficient level that enables individuals’ participation in key opportunities of the society. We identified that not every accessibility measure is suitable for assessing TRSE, and the selection of measures must pay attention to their alignment with the idea of accessibility as a human capability. We recommend that conducting an aggregated analysis may be helpful to identify a suitable accessibility measure and to identify regions at risk of TRSE; however, to have a deep understanding of an individual’s TRSE risk factors, a bottom-up analysis is necessary.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 503-525
Issue: 4
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.2005183
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.2005183
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:4:p:503-525
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Axel Merkel
Author-X-Name-First: Axel
Author-X-Name-Last: Merkel
Author-Name: Magnus Johansson
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus
Author-X-Name-Last: Johansson
Author-Name: Samuel Lindgren
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindgren
Author-Name: Inge Vierth
Author-X-Name-First: Inge
Author-X-Name-Last: Vierth
Title: How (in)elastic is the demand for short-sea shipping? A review of elasticities and application of different models to Swedish freight flows
Abstract:
Despite high ambitions, policies for a modal shift in Europe have largely been unsuccessful. Part of the explanation relates to the inelasticity of freight transport demand. Understanding the demand elasticity of freight transport is important to design and appraise policies for external cost reductions in the transport sector. There have been many studies focused on estimating the elasticity of demand for short-sea shipping, a mode which policy makers have often aimed to strengthen to facilitate a modal shift from road freight. The objective of this review is to build upon the available literature by presenting and comparing estimated elasticities and to demonstrate the state of evidence through the application of two methodological approaches. Our review shows that there is a surprising degree of variation in elasticity estimates, part of which can likely be explained by differing methodological approaches. Applying a deterministic cost-minimising freight transport model and a stochastic multinomial logit approach based on responses from the Swedish Cargo Flow Survey, we demonstrate the inelasticity of Swedish maritime freight flows and provide suggestions for future research and policy discussions. For future studies of maritime transport demand elasticities to arrive at reliable and policy-relevant results, we highlight the need for combined and pluralistic methodological approaches and an increased use of real-world data.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 551-571
Issue: 4
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.2010834
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.2010834
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:4:p:551-571
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Junmei Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: Junmei
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Author-Name: Zhenhua Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Zhenhua
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Title: Socioeconomic impact assessments of high-Speed rail: A meta-Analysis
Abstract:
The interest in the socioeconomic impact assessments of the high-speed rail (HSR) system is burgeoning as many countries are considering investing in such a system. While extensive studies have provided a wide range of evaluations of HSR on the socioeconomic impact, primarily from an ex-post perspective, it remains unclear how reliable the evaluation outcomes were, given the variety of data, method and research framework being adopted. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the socioeconomic impact studies of high-speed rail (HSR), based on 242 academic publications. In particular, we examined to what extent the impact outcome is influenced by various modelling factors, such as data, model, and research design, using meta-analysis based on 368 empirical estimates derived from 45 empirical studies. Our analysis confirms that the factors of research design (e.g. variables, data, and modelling method) do have various influences on the empirical estimates of HSR project appraisals. In the end, the paper discusses the implications for future infrastructure project appraisals.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 467-502
Issue: 4
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1979689
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1979689
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:4:p:467-502
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
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Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Title: The shifting role of attitudes in travel behaviour research
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 573-579
Issue: 5
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2078537
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2078537
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:5:p:573-579
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: catalog-resolver6607497337670268286.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Meredith Glaser
Author-X-Name-First: Meredith
Author-X-Name-Last: Glaser
Author-Name: Luca Bertolini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini
Author-Name: Marco te Brömmelstroet
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: te Brömmelstroet
Author-Name: Oliver Blake
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Blake
Author-Name: Casey Ellingson
Author-X-Name-First: Casey
Author-X-Name-Last: Ellingson
Title: Learning through policy transfer? Reviewing a decade of scholarship for the field of transport
Abstract:
Attempts to pursue sustainable mobility face widespread challenges. One key way of approaching these challenges is through policy transfer and policy learning; indeed, the practice of learning from elsewhere is encouraged at various levels of government. This paper contends that a better understanding of what facilitates learning through policy transfer might support further change, yet such examinations remain underdeveloped in the field of transport. This paper synthesises key concepts and factors that drive this learning process, by reviewing 65 papers on transport policy published between 2011 and 2020. Our findings testify to the growing prevalence of policy transfer research and emerging critical perspectives on the transfer and translation of global ideas. We uncover critical factors of the learning process, including settings where learning takes place, inter-actor relations, and organisational and institutional patterns. While most papers reviewed here aimed to examine learning, few employ theories to measure the concept. Consequently, one of our main conclusions is that relatively little is known about how and to what extent learning, triggered by experiences from other contexts, is actually transformed into action. Suggestions include more systematically focusing on organisational and institutional dimensions and concerted trans-disciplinary efforts to close the gap between research and practice.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 626-644
Issue: 5
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.2003472
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.2003472
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:5:p:626-644
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# input file: catalog-resolver2198328961034970656.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Akshay Vij
Author-X-Name-First: Akshay
Author-X-Name-Last: Vij
Author-Name: Stefanie Dühr
Author-X-Name-First: Stefanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Dühr
Title: The commercial viability of Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS): what’s in it for existing transport operators, and why should governments intervene?
Abstract:
Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) offers consumers access to multiple transport modes and services, owned and/or operated by different mobility service providers, through an integrated digital platform for planning, booking and payment. The platform provider needs to negotiate independent deals with different transport operators. Consequently, the success of any MaaS platform will depend on the platform provider’s ability to persuade as many operators as possible to join their platform. This study examines the commercial value proposition of MaaS from the perspective of existing transport operators. We find that MaaS could help strengthen complementary relationships between services, offer operators access to newer customers and larger markets, and help them manage their assets more efficiently. However, integration with substitutive services could undermine operators’ profitability. Moreover, similar benefits could be realised through other information and communication technologies without requiring integration with other services. Consequently, if left to the market, integration between operators is likely to be piecemeal and ad-hoc, and may strengthen monopolistic power of some operators. This, alongside the opportunities that MaaS presents to help achieve broader societal goals, calls for an active role for governments in the development, operation and regulation of MaaS to deliver on the vision of a fully integrated transport system.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 695-716
Issue: 5
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2028032
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2028032
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:5:p:695-716
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# input file: catalog-resolver-6172953606107546178.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Stephanie A. Prince
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Prince
Author-Name: Samantha Lancione
Author-X-Name-First: Samantha
Author-X-Name-Last: Lancione
Author-Name: Justin J. Lang
Author-X-Name-First: Justin J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lang
Author-Name: Nana Amankwah
Author-X-Name-First: Nana
Author-X-Name-Last: Amankwah
Author-Name: Margaret de Groh
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret
Author-X-Name-Last: de Groh
Author-Name: Alejandra Jaramillo Garcia
Author-X-Name-First: Alejandra Jaramillo
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcia
Author-Name: Katherine Merucci
Author-X-Name-First: Katherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Merucci
Author-Name: Robert Geneau
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Geneau
Title: Are people who use active modes of transportation more physically active? An overview of reviews across the life course
Abstract:
Regular physical activity prevents several non-communicable chronic conditions and premature mortality. The benefits of physical activity can be achieved through active transport, which refers to non-motorised/active means (e.g. walking, cycling, rollerblading) to move from one place to another. Active transport can be integrated into daily routines such as commuting to and from school and work. We undertook an overview of reviews to examine the association between active transport and physical activity across age groups. We aimed to provide a critical appraisal of research to date, and to identify research gaps that need to be addressed to advance the field. Eleven systematic reviews were included. Across children, youth and adults, active transport (mainly to school and work) was positively associated with physical activity and contributed approximately 5–45 additional minutes per day. The certainty of the evidence ranged from very low to moderate and was highest among studies that included both children and youth. There does not appear to be any clear differences by sex, measurement method for active transport or physical activity or review quality; however, some reviews noted that age and sex might moderate the association. Future research is needed to better understand the association among preschool-aged children and older adults, by sex and gender, in different socioeconomic and ethnic groups, and across the urban-rural spectrum. The field would benefit from more longitudinal and experimental research using device- and location-based measures to establish causality and separating location of destinations and mode of active transport (e.g. walking separate from cycling). Overall, evidence suggests that active transport is an important means to achieve daily physical activity recommendations.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 645-671
Issue: 5
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.2004262
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.2004262
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:5:p:645-671
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# input file: catalog-resolver-3263270996968612666.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Erick Guerra
Author-X-Name-First: Erick
Author-X-Name-Last: Guerra
Author-Name: Andrew Sandweiss
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandweiss
Author-Name: Seunglee David Park
Author-X-Name-First: Seunglee David
Author-X-Name-Last: Park
Title: Does rationing really backfire? A critical review of the literature on license-plate-based driving restrictions
Abstract:
Policies limiting the number of days vehicles are permitted to circulate based on the last digit of their license plates have experienced a resurgence in popularity, particularly in Chinese cities. This paper provides a critical review of the literature on license-plate-based driving restrictions. Of the 235 papers reviewed, most (152) only briefly mention license-plate-based restriction programmes to describe contextual conditions or provide an example of a policy that influences driving or vehicle purchases. Reviewing forty empirical papers, we find a divided literature on whether and where license-plate-based driving restrictions reduce local pollution or congestion. Some differences in findings likely relate to differences in research design or outcome measurement. Variations in policy design, enforcement, and other local conditions also play an important role. We next review findings about the multiple legal and illegal strategies households employ in response to driving restrictions. The second- car hypothesis, which posits that restriction policies backfire and lead to increased local pollution due to households purchasing second cars with different final license-plate digits, has become particularly popular. Evidence for the hypothesis, however, is mixed. Households employ a range of other behavioural responses, such as shuffling driving trips to specific days and driving in lightly policed areas, that likely attenuate the effectiveness of license-plate-based driving restrictions. As a result, researchers and policymakers should not expect to find a 20% reduction in pollution or congestion from banning a fifth of vehicles from the road. Improving policy effectiveness will likely require policymakers to address intended and unintended behavioural responses through additional mechanisms.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 604-625
Issue: 5
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1998244
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1998244
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:5:p:604-625
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# input file: catalog-resolver3742921963312106160.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Yannick Cornet
Author-X-Name-First: Yannick
Author-X-Name-Last: Cornet
Author-Name: Giuseppe Lugano
Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe
Author-X-Name-Last: Lugano
Author-Name: Christina Georgouli
Author-X-Name-First: Christina
Author-X-Name-Last: Georgouli
Author-Name: Dimitris Milakis
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris
Author-X-Name-Last: Milakis
Title: Worthwhile travel time: a conceptual framework of the perceived value of enjoyment, productivity and fitness while travelling
Abstract:
By tradition, transport appraisal relies primarily on travel time savings and monetary values. Assessment tools rarely factor in the perspective of travellers in terms of their subjective travel experience while on the move. Worthwhile travel time introduces the idea that travel can be pleasant, meaningful or worthwhile and not exclusively associated with the economic utility of the activity at the destination of the trip and the work-related productivity during the trip. This paper explores how the “worthwhile use of travel time” can be conceptualised and unpacked, so that it can be adequately captured and integrated into transport appraisal practice. We reviewed the literature on worthwhile travel time and perceived travel experience in psychology, economics, public health and travel behaviour research and we formulated the conceptual framework of worthwhile travel time that is grounded on the traveller’s perception of three forms of value emerging from existing literature: enjoyment, productivity, and health. Our conceptual framework of worthwhile travel time suggests that experience factors (i.e. travel conditions as experienced by the traveller) can enable travel activities (i.e. the trip itself or activities on-the-move), which in turn unlock the values of enjoyment, productivity and fitness that influence the perceived worthwhileness of a trip to a different degree each. Additional (explanatory) factors such as the door-to-door trip characteristics, the traveller’s personal characteristics and attitude, and the spatial and temporal conditions can also influence the perceived worthwhileness of a trip. On a policy level, the integration of the worthwhile travel time concept into transport appraisal practice could allow future transport investments to offer a better balance between reduced travel times and improved quality and experience of a trip for the traveller.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 580-603
Issue: 5
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.1983067
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.1983067
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:5:p:580-603
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# input file: catalog-resolver4738643071639381185.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Nandita Basu
Author-X-Name-First: Nandita
Author-X-Name-Last: Basu
Author-Name: Md. Mazharul Haque
Author-X-Name-First: Md. Mazharul
Author-X-Name-Last: Haque
Author-Name: Mark King
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: King
Author-Name: Md. Kamruzzaman
Author-X-Name-First: Md.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamruzzaman
Author-Name: Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios
Author-X-Name-First: Oscar
Author-X-Name-Last: Oviedo-Trespalacios
Title: A systematic review of the factors associated with pedestrian route choice
Abstract:
Pedestrian route choice (PRC) is influenced by a wide range of factors, yet an understanding of the trends, patterns, and findings of PRC research is a gap in the literature. The present study applied the PRISMA framework to systematically identify published studies on PRC. The identified studies were synthesized by answering the systematic classification scheme (SCS) questions. Results show that prior studies have used a total of 105 factors associated with PRC. The identified factors were categorized under three groups (i.e. pedestrian socio-demographic factors, built environment factors, trip characteristics). The findings of this systematic review identified several critical research gaps for studying PRC behaviour. Future PRC research should aim to determine the influence of social, physical, and individual factors associated with PRC and the nature of the relationships of those factors with PRC.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 672-694
Issue: 5
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.2000064
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.2000064
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:5:p:672-694
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# input file: TTRV_A_2056656_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Magdalena Jażdżewska-Gutta
Author-X-Name-First: Magdalena
Author-X-Name-Last: Jażdżewska-Gutta
Author-Name: Przemysław Borkowski
Author-X-Name-First: Przemysław
Author-X-Name-Last: Borkowski
Title: As strong as the weakest link. Transport and supply chain security
Abstract:
The supply chains form a complicated interlinked system where any disruption, at any possible level, can affect the network itself but also its surrounding, including the society. This feature is confirmed by a well-known and often repeated statement that the chain is only as strong as its weakest link. This manuscript provides a comprehensive research-based rationale for this statement to shed new light on how the phenomenon could be identified and what are theoretical grounds for its management. The scoping review allowed for exploring the existing literature on the weakest links in supply chains to clarify this complex concept and explain its heterogeneous nature. To structure our research, we have adopted two theoretical perspectives, present in existing studies, that is network interdependency and weakest link public good. The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by summarising literature in the field, identifying gaps, and setting the agenda for future research. It concentrates on two areas derived from literature, that is the ways of identification of weakest links and the determination and provision of the optimal level of security. The analysis reveals that there is no consensus even regarding the weakest link definition. The majority of studies are theoretical and general with little research devoted to the practical implications. While equilibriums for optimal resource allocation are well recognised specific measures oriented at the elimination of the weakest link are lacking. As a result, we identify gaps in the existing body of knowledge regarding threat-weakest link occurrence, countermeasures, and policy options offered.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 762-783
Issue: 6
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2056656
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2056656
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:6:p:762-783
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# input file: TTRV_A_2043484_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Joseph S. Szyliowicz
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Szyliowicz
Title: Intermodalism, supply chains and U.S. security
Abstract:
Covid 19 and related global events have dramatically highlighted the many vulnerabilities that Supply Chain (SC) transportation systems still possess despite the myriad measures implemented by the U.S. government and the vast literature that analyzes the problems and issues that they confront. This paper seeks to analyze the reasons for this failure and the extent to which the academic and professional literature has identified issues that were not dealt with adequately by policy makers in the private and public sectors. It, therefore, begins with an analysis of the intermodal character of SC transportation systems, the internal and external challenges that these intermodal systems confront and the policies that the U.S. has adopted to enhance their security. The focus then turns to an assessment of how three bodies of relevant literature, (1) SC risk management, (2) the security of S.C. transportation systems, and (3) intermodal transportation specifically, have focused on the particular issues raised for SC security by intermodalism. In order to assess their contributions, the level of security that U.S. intermodal systems have achieved and the challenges that remain are analyzed. The paper concludes with a consideration of the areas and ways in which further scholarly attention could contribute to increasing security and help US supply chain intermodal systems survive future risks more effectively.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 801-818
Issue: 6
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2043484
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2043484
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:6:p:801-818
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# input file: TTRV_A_2127243_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Joseph Szyliowicz
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Szyliowicz
Author-Name: Luca Zamparini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Zamparini
Title: Freight transport security and the robustness of global supply chains
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 717-724
Issue: 6
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2127243
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2127243
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:6:p:717-724
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# input file: TTRV_A_2080773_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Rajali Maharjan
Author-X-Name-First: Rajali
Author-X-Name-Last: Maharjan
Author-Name: Hironori Kato
Author-X-Name-First: Hironori
Author-X-Name-Last: Kato
Title: Resilient supply chain network design: a systematic literature review
Abstract:
The modern global economy has developed interconnected and complex supply chains largely due to the benefits companies have found in sophisticated trends and strategies; however, these practices are not without risk. In the wake of disruptions caused by COVID-19, natural disasters, Brexit, and the US–China trade war, supply chain resilience has become more important than ever. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of recent literature on resilient supply chain network design (RSCND). The focus was on studies that used a quantitative approach. This study utilised a systematic literature review methodology to evaluate the body of literature on RSCND. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) exploring and analysing existing literature on RSCND, particularly focusing on different types of resilience measures used from an analytical modelling perspective; (2) presenting a new way to classify the quantitative resilience measures used for RSCND and clarifying the implications of incorporating it in terms of costs and benefits; and (3) identifying the gaps and limitations of existing literature and proposing a list of potential issues for future research directions. An analysis of the literature shows that existing resilience measures mainly focus on the resilience of the nodes. The benefits of incorporating resilience measures in the RSCND are illustrated quantitatively in terms of monetary value, lost sales, and demand fulfilment. This study is the first attempt to combine studies on the RSCND using quantitative resilience measures. This study can serve as a starting point for understanding the different resilience measures discussed in the literature, how to incorporate them in designing new or redesigning existing supply chain networks, and the benefits associated with their implementation. Although only 21 studies were found in the analysis, we believe that this topic has a huge scope for future research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 739-761
Issue: 6
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2080773
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2080773
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:6:p:739-761
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# input file: TTRV_A_2105415_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Nicola De Liso
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: De Liso
Author-Name: Luca Zamparini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Zamparini
Title: Innovation, transport security and supply chains: a review
Abstract:
The recent decades have witnessed a progressive increase of global supply chains that have been related to most produced goods. Within this phenomenon, transport security has gained more and more importance, also because of the threats coming from organised crime and international terrorist groups. In this context, many stimuli have fostered investments on innovative technologies involving all transport modes. Some innovations are mode-specific while others are common to all of them, as in the case of cyber-security. On the basis of a thorough review of the literature, the main aim of the paper is to consider the impact of transport security innovations on supply chains, especially in terms of time and of economic costs. It emerges that momentous consequences can be generated by a security breach for all the firms and regions whose economic activities are reliant on the supply chain. The main implications of the analysis are that it is then necessary a coordination and collaboration among several private and public stakeholders, not only at the local and national level, but also at the supranational level. Moreover, the trade-off which may exist between the implementation of stricter security protocols and the impact on the speed and on the cost of supply chain activities must be taken into account.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 725-738
Issue: 6
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2105415
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2105415
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:42:y:2022:i:6:p:725-738
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# input file: TTRV_A_2056255_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Luca Zamparini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Zamparini
Title: A review of models for transport security and of their relevance for supply chains
Abstract:
Security represents one of the most important challenges for the global supply chains that characterise our globalised economic systems. The occurrence of (lack of) security related events has raised the attention of practitioners, governments and scholars. The aim of this paper is twofold. It first wants to propose a review of the models that concern transport security and to highlight that some of them refer to the prevention (regime models, proactive models and participation models) while others attain the efficient and effective reaction and the minimisation of the consequences of security related episodes (barrier models, preparedness models and reactive models). The presentation of the models is complemented by a comparative analysis that will draw some general remarks on the main common topics that emerge in the previous description and highlights the ever-increasing role of coordination and communication among stakeholders for the enhancement of transport security. The second objective of the paper lies in the subsumption of transport security in general Supply Chains. In order to reach this goal, the points of vulnerability and risk factors of the supply chain are considered. This analysis is then extended to a discussion of the main supply chain security practices and activities and of the relevant role played by the transport security models. The review allows to draw several conclusions. A sound security strategy is based on preparation and planning, alongside effective partnerships, structural and managerial adaptation and dedicated communications and technologies both in a static and in a dynamic perspective. Moreover, security strategies need to consider the trade-offs with privacy and with efficiency issues. Security efforts should be concentrated on the preeminent infrastructures, nodal points and arcs according to their degree of weakness and to their centrality in the supply chain. It is also important to plan a set of incentives for the firms that contribute to the security investments and of penalties for those who adopt a free-riding behaviour. Lastly, it is relevant to assess which share of security activities can be accomplished internally and the ones that have to be outsourced to security specialised firms.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 784-800
Issue: 6
Volume: 42
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2056255
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2056255
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# input file: TTRV_A_2038716_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Maryam Ghaffari Dolama
Author-X-Name-First: Maryam
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghaffari Dolama
Author-Name: Jonathan D. Regehr
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Regehr
Title: Review of road user mobility impacts and criteria for prioritising highway-rail grade crossings for grade separation
Abstract:
Road users experience mobility impacts when a train occupies a highway-rail grade (level) crossing. Research has shown that the cost of reduced mobility exceeds safety costs, yet there is little consistency in the integration of mobility-related criteria into approaches for prioritising crossings for grade separation. A synthesis of findings from a review of literature and practice demonstrated the importance of mobility impacts at blocked crossings, identified and compared mobility-related decision criteria and actionable thresholds used within prioritisation approaches to rank crossings for grade separation, and revealed methods to quantify and monetise delay at blocked crossings. The review identified the need for the joint application of traffic microsimulation and intelligent transportation systems to quantify road user delay at blocked crossings. Such work should consider network-level effects, account for the severe consequences of delay for certain road users (e.g. emergency responders), and develop methods for monetising delay impacts associated with different road users. Moreover, a knowledge gap persists in establishing the interrelationship between road user delay at blocked crossings, risky behaviour, and safety impacts. Finally, further work is required to establish and calibrate thresholds for mobility-related criteria within prioritisation approaches used to rank crossings for all types of improvements, including grade separation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 131-153
Issue: 1
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2038716
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2038716
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:1:p:131-153
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# input file: TTRV_A_2023692_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Soroush Rashidi
Author-X-Name-First: Soroush
Author-X-Name-Last: Rashidi
Author-Name: Shervin Ataeian
Author-X-Name-First: Shervin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ataeian
Author-Name: Prakash Ranjitkar
Author-X-Name-First: Prakash
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranjitkar
Title: Estimating bus dwell time: A review of the literature
Abstract:
An accurate estimation of bus dwell time (BDT) is important as it directly influences the prediction of vehicles’ arrival times at bus stops and hence, the reliability of their services. Developing an efficient method to estimate BDT has received significant attention in the literature as numerous studies have been conducted on this topic. This paper provides an overview of research works conducted in the past on bus dwell time. It covers three aspects: first methods used in the literature to estimate BDT, second factors influencing BDT and third methods used in the literature to collect data. The methods used in the literature to estimate BDT are broadly classified and discussed under three categories namely, regression-based models, probabilistic and time series models and artificial intelligence-based models along with their strengths and weaknesses. The influence of different policy measures related to characteristics of bus, passengers, time-of-day, transit, and route are discussed. The research trends reveal an increasing tendency to employ more advanced methods for data collection (using GPS, APC and AVL) and modelling (e.g. using machine learning-based methods).
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 32-61
Issue: 1
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.2023692
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.2023692
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# input file: TTRV_A_2023693_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Michael Wicki
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Wicki
Author-Name: Gracia Brückmann
Author-X-Name-First: Gracia
Author-X-Name-Last: Brückmann
Author-Name: Franziska Quoss
Author-X-Name-First: Franziska
Author-X-Name-Last: Quoss
Author-Name: Thomas Bernauer
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernauer
Title: What do we really know about the acceptance of battery electric vehicles? – Turns out, not much
Abstract:
Battery electric vehicles (BEV) are essential in most countries’ transition towards an efficient, cleaner and low-carbon transport system. BEV technology has been making rapid progress, but low market uptake poses major challenges for governments and industry. Based on the PRISMA framework (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), we assessed 94 studies published in the era of BEVs becoming visible market products between 2010 and 2019. The main goal is to understand what we know about attitudes and behaviour of consumers/citizens towards BEVs. In contrast to the conventional wisdom that we know the key facilitators and obstacles in this area, we find that few studies are designed to identify causal effects of facilitators and obstacles, and findings on widely presumed key determinants are surprisingly mixed and context-dependent. We conclude that we still lack robust evidence on the facilitators of BEV uptake and prospective ownership. Moreover, and particularly alarming from a scientific viewpoint, many existing studies cannot be replicated because the respective data is unavailable, neither publicly accessible nor on request. Given the saliency of the issue, the main implication of our assessment is that a concerted, internationally coordinated effort in this area is needed, based on pre-registration of study designs and full accessibility of replication data.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 62-87
Issue: 1
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.2023693
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.2023693
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:1:p:62-87
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# input file: TTRV_A_2035014_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Konstantinos Gkiotsalitis
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos
Author-X-Name-Last: Gkiotsalitis
Author-Name: Oded Cats
Author-X-Name-First: Oded
Author-X-Name-Last: Cats
Author-Name: Tao Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Title: A review of public transport transfer synchronisation at the real-time control phase
Abstract:
We perform a systematic review of real-time control strategies for transfer synchronisations in public transport. In particular, we review inter-station and intra-station control measures that can be applied in near real-time, including vehicle holding, stop-skipping, speed control, short-turning, rescheduling, interlining, rerouting, and boarding limits. The topic of public transfer synchronisation at the operational phase is both a technically challenging and timely topic. It is technically challenging because finding optimal control measures is a computationally intensive problem and these measures should be computed in near real-time. It is also timely because of the emerging developments in shared mobility, Mobility-as-a-Service schemes, on-demand public transport, and vehicle automation that pose new opportunities as well as challenges in designing seamless passenger transfers. In our systematic review, we analyse the modelling approaches for real-time transfer synchronisation, including mathematical programmes, heuristics, rule-based approaches, and stochastic optimisation models. We then critically discuss the available literature and provide a future outlook, outlining six research directions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 88-107
Issue: 1
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2035014
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2035014
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:1:p:88-107
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# input file: TTRV_A_2015639_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Kailai Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Kailai
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Xiaodong Qian
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaodong
Author-X-Name-Last: Qian
Author-Name: Dillon Taylor Fitch
Author-X-Name-First: Dillon Taylor
Author-X-Name-Last: Fitch
Author-Name: Yongsung Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Yongsung
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Jai Malik
Author-X-Name-First: Jai
Author-X-Name-Last: Malik
Author-Name: Giovanni Circella
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni
Author-X-Name-Last: Circella
Title: What travel modes do shared e-scooters displace? A review of recent research findings
Abstract:
The impacts of shared e-scooters on modal shifts have received increased attention in recent years. This study provides a review of the literature for modal shifts in the US and other countries. The profile of shared e-scooter users is rather similar to that of station-based and free-floating bikeshare programs. The empirical data reveal that people use shared e-scooters in place of cars at substantial rates, especially in many US cities, which suggests that in many locations shared e-scooters may be a good strategy for reducing car dependence. The use of shared e-scooters as a complement to public transit varies highly by city, highlighting how technology, regulations, and incentives may be needed in some cities to ensure modal integration and harvest the potential societal benefits from the introduction of shared e-scooters.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 5-31
Issue: 1
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2021.2015639
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2021.2015639
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:1:p:5-31
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# input file: TTRV_A_2036864_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Andrew Rawson
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Rawson
Author-Name: Mario Brito
Author-X-Name-First: Mario
Author-X-Name-Last: Brito
Title: A survey of the opportunities and challenges of supervised machine learning in maritime risk analysis
Abstract:
Identifying and assessing the likelihood and consequences of maritime accidents has been a key focus of research within the maritime industry. However, conventional methods utilised for maritime risk assessment have been dominated by a few methodologies each of which have recognised weaknesses. Given the growing attention that supervised machine learning and big data applications for safety assessments have been receiving in other disciplines, a comprehensive review of the academic literature on this topic in the maritime domain has been conducted. The review encapsulates the prediction of accident occurrence, accident severity, ship detentions and ship collision risk. In particular, the purpose, methods, datasets and features of such studies are compared to better understand how such an approach can be applied in practice and its relative merits. Several key challenges within these themes are also identified, such as the availability and representativeness of the datasets and methodological challenges associated with transparency, model development and results evaluation. Whilst focused within the maritime domain, many of these findings are equally relevant to other transportation topics. This work, therefore, highlights both novel applications for applying these techniques to maritime safety and key challenges that warrant further research in order to strengthen this methodological approach.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 108-130
Issue: 1
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2036864
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2036864
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:1:p:108-130
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# input file: TTRV_A_2140881_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Nihan Akyelken
Author-X-Name-First: Nihan
Author-X-Name-Last: Akyelken
Author-Name: Debbie Hopkins
Author-X-Name-First: Debbie
Author-X-Name-Last: Hopkins
Title: Researching mobility in times of immobility
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-4
Issue: 1
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2140881
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2140881
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# input file: TTRV_A_2100943_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Marta Aranha Conceição
Author-X-Name-First: Marta Aranha
Author-X-Name-Last: Conceição
Author-Name: Mayara Moraes Monteiro
Author-X-Name-First: Mayara Moraes
Author-X-Name-Last: Monteiro
Author-Name: Dena Kasraian
Author-X-Name-First: Dena
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasraian
Author-Name: Pauline van den Berg
Author-X-Name-First: Pauline
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Berg
Author-Name: Sonja Haustein
Author-X-Name-First: Sonja
Author-X-Name-Last: Haustein
Author-Name: Inês Alves
Author-X-Name-First: Inês
Author-X-Name-Last: Alves
Author-Name: Carlos Lima Azevedo
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Lima
Author-X-Name-Last: Azevedo
Author-Name: Bruno Miranda
Author-X-Name-First: Bruno
Author-X-Name-Last: Miranda
Title: The effect of transport infrastructure, congestion and reliability on mental wellbeing: a systematic review of empirical studies
Abstract:
There has been a growing interest in understanding the interdependencies between urbanisation and mental health. Although transportation in cities is complex and of foremost importance to support the mobility of goods and passengers, little is known about how it relates to individual psychological distress. This review aims to provide an up-to-date synthesis of research evidence about the influence of transport infrastructure and operational performance (congestion, delays and reliability) on mental health/wellbeing. It is structured around three main interacting concepts that determined the search/selection of articles: identification of the above-mentioned transport-related exposures; use of psychological and physiological validated instruments; and the outcome on mental health/wellbeing. Ultimately, 69 studies were identified involving an empirical quantitative focus that met the inclusion criteria. We summarise the instruments most reported in these studies and the findings linking transport indicators and psychological and physiological outcomes. Across the review, we identified evidence of the contribution of key transport infrastructure, congestion and delay indicators on negative affective states and psychophysiological distress. Regarding transport reliability, the scarce number of studies identified did not allow for drawing similar firm conclusions. We conclude by discussing some limitations and providing recommendations for future research and policy-making agendas.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 264-302
Issue: 2
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2100943
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2100943
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:2:p:264-302
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# input file: TTRV_A_2060371_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Keunhyun Park
Author-X-Name-First: Keunhyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Park
Author-Name: Hossein Nasr Esfahani
Author-X-Name-First: Hossein Nasr
Author-X-Name-Last: Esfahani
Author-Name: Valerie Long Novack
Author-X-Name-First: Valerie Long
Author-X-Name-Last: Novack
Author-Name: Jeff Sheen
Author-X-Name-First: Jeff
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheen
Author-Name: Hooman Hadayeghi
Author-X-Name-First: Hooman
Author-X-Name-Last: Hadayeghi
Author-Name: Ziqi Song
Author-X-Name-First: Ziqi
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Author-Name: Keith Christensen
Author-X-Name-First: Keith
Author-X-Name-Last: Christensen
Title: Impacts of disability on daily travel behaviour: A systematic review
Abstract:
While people with disabilities have different travel patterns compared with the general traveller population, such discrepancies are ignored in mainstream travel demand modelling and planning practice. The failure to represent the diverse travel behaviour of people with disabilities leads to inaccurate forecasting and poor decision-making and exacerbates transportation disadvantages. Thus, this systematic review synthesises previous studies of travel behaviours among people with disabilities, differing from people without disabilities, in terms of trip frequency, mode choice, travel time and distance, and barriers.This review identified 115 peer-reviewed studies of the daily travel patterns of individuals across three categories of disabilities—mobility, cognitive, and sensory. Our review reveals that persons with disabilities make 10–30% fewer trips than those without disabilities, particularly non-work trips. Another significant difference is in travel mode choice—increased uses of public transit and taxi and riding with others and decreased walking and driving among those with disabilities. People with disabilities are prone to utilising slower means of transportation and travelling shorter distances. The quantitative review highlighted a limited considertation of the built environment characteristics and temporal factors as travel behavour predictors.Further, our qualitative review shows that despite a high level of adaptation, persons with disabilities encounter many barriers in the built environment to their transportation access. The environmental, social, and system barriers make specific modes unavailable to travellers with disabilities, increase travel time, and eventually decrease their trip frequency. This paper provides implications for travel demand modelling and urban and transportation planning and policy that better supports the transportation needs of persons with disabilities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 178-203
Issue: 2
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2060371
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2060371
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:2:p:178-203
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# input file: TTRV_A_2146939_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Alexa Delbosc
Author-X-Name-First: Alexa
Author-X-Name-Last: Delbosc
Title: There is no such thing as unbiased research – is there anything we can do about that?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 155-158
Issue: 2
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2146939
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2146939
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# input file: TTRV_A_2101072_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Author-Name: Katrin Lättman
Author-X-Name-First: Katrin
Author-X-Name-Last: Lättman
Author-Name: Anna-Lena van der Vlugt
Author-X-Name-First: Anna-Lena
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Vlugt
Author-Name: Janina Welsch
Author-X-Name-First: Janina
Author-X-Name-Last: Welsch
Author-Name: Noriko Otsuka
Author-X-Name-First: Noriko
Author-X-Name-Last: Otsuka
Title: Determinants and effects of perceived walkability: a literature review, conceptual model and research agenda
Abstract:
For decades, accessibility – i.e. the ease of reaching destinations – has been an important concept in transport planning, resulting in many studies trying to measure it and put it into practice. Also walkability, a mode-specific type of accessibility referring to how easy it is to walk (to destinations) received increased attention in the last two decades. In recent years, a new focus has been on how people perceive their accessibility as this may be a stronger predictor of travel behaviour than objective elements of accessibility (such as built environment characteristics). Perceived walkability, i.e. how walk-friendly people experience a certain area, however, has only been explored by a limited number of studies. In this review paper, we give an overview of existing studies analysing perceived walkability, which mostly have focused on its effects on walking frequency/duration, physical activity and various aspects of mental well-being. Based on this literature review, a conceptual model is created, emphasising the determinants and effects of perceived walkability and how it is related to objective walkability. We end this paper by providing avenues for further research, including the introduction of a Short Perceived Walkability Scale (SPWS) and recommendations for data collection and analysis. Doing so can create new insights into perceived walkability and links with related elements, and therefore can contribute to stimulating walking trips and improving the experience of these trips.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 303-324
Issue: 2
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2101072
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2101072
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:2:p:303-324
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# input file: TTRV_A_2082580_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Heleen Buldeo Rai
Author-X-Name-First: Heleen
Author-X-Name-Last: Buldeo Rai
Author-Name: Laetitia Dablanc
Author-X-Name-First: Laetitia
Author-X-Name-Last: Dablanc
Title: Hunting for treasure: a systematic literature review on urban logistics and e-commerce data
Abstract:
Online retail channels increasingly shape consumers’ purchase behaviour: we access a diversity of product types through web-shops; employ both smartphones and digital screens in stores; navigate the retail space by browsing online; and order pantry items, fresh groceries as well as prepared foods to be delivered at our doorsteps. The profound impact of online retail on mobility in cities, where the concentration of consumers resides, is, therefore, an extensively investigated and growing topic of interest in research. In the field of urban logistics, studies that evaluate the various impacts of e-commerce or propose efficiency or sustainability-enhancing applications are plentiful. Regardless, the general lack of solid urban e-commerce logistics data is supported widely. In this study, we systematically review the literature to identify and compare the types of e-commerce data that are currently known, employed and disclosed in urban logistics research as well as the data sources that provide access to them. Within the set of identified data, knowledge concentrates on consumer preferences and number of deliveries related to e-commerce. However, our findings confirm the general data paucity, specifically on delivery trip-related information such as deliveries per trip, number of delivery rounds and vehicle specificities. Discrepancies are found in methodologies to collect and compile data, as well as data units used (e.g., orders, parcels, deliveries) that cause large variations in information possibly diverging from reality. The study contributes to current literature and practice by compiling and analysing currently available data on urban e-commerce logistics and by presenting recommendations and best practices for future enhancements in this research field. Based on the systematic literature review, we propose a common data agenda for urban e-commerce logistics research, focused on addressing data gaps and topics that are under-developed and un-developed; pursuing data collection standardisation; disclosing data collection methodologies and sources; and specifying temporal and spatial information as well as units of data. Some data methodologies and sources can be recommended for future research: using interviews to collect quantitative data; collaborating with sector organisations; exploring open maps; employing existing household and time use surveys; and leveraging technological opportunities and new ways of collecting data.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 204-233
Issue: 2
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2082580
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2082580
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:2:p:204-233
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# input file: TTRV_A_2055674_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Roni Utriainen
Author-X-Name-First: Roni
Author-X-Name-Last: Utriainen
Author-Name: Steve O’Hern
Author-X-Name-First: Steve
Author-X-Name-Last: O’Hern
Author-Name: Markus Pöllänen
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Pöllänen
Title: Review on single-bicycle crashes in the recent scientific literature
Abstract:
Cycling delivers public health benefits and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions compared to motor vehicle travel. However, riding a bicycle has a higher injury rate per kilometres travelled. Therefore, the shift from cars to bicycles has the potential to cause undesired impacts in terms of road safety. Among cycling injuries, single-bicycle crashes (SBCs) constitute a significant number of all injuries, but the size of the problem is somewhat unknown. This study focuses on the data mainly from the 2010s based on the scientific publications, and explores the proportion and the characteristics of SBCs internationally. Altogether 22 relevant studies were found. In the different studies, the share of SBCs among injured cyclists varies considerably from 17% to 85%. When considering studies based on larger samples and more representative data, the share of SBCs varies between 52% and 85%. It is suggested that SBCs are underreported in certain datasets depending on the methodology chosen to analyse SBCs. The proportion of SBCs has not changed notably during the early twenty-first century. The main characteristics related to SBC events are loss of control or skidding in slippery conditions. The interplay between SBC-related factors such as the infrastructure, the cyclist and other road users, and the bicycle should be further investigated to better understand the causes of SBCs.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 159-177
Issue: 2
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2055674
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2055674
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:2:p:159-177
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# input file: TTRV_A_2099999_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Léa Ravensbergen
Author-X-Name-First: Léa
Author-X-Name-Last: Ravensbergen
Author-Name: Rania Wasfi
Author-X-Name-First: Rania
Author-X-Name-Last: Wasfi
Author-Name: Mathilde Van Liefferinge
Author-X-Name-First: Mathilde
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Liefferinge
Author-Name: Isidor Ehrlich
Author-X-Name-First: Isidor
Author-X-Name-Last: Ehrlich
Author-Name: Stephanie A. Prince
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Prince
Author-Name: Gregory Butler
Author-X-Name-First: Gregory
Author-X-Name-Last: Butler
Author-Name: Yan Kestens
Author-X-Name-First: Yan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kestens
Author-Name: Ahmed El-Geneidy
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Geneidy
Title: Associations between Light Rail Transit and physical activity: a systematic review
Abstract:
Investment in public transport is on the rise as many cities around the world aim to reduce their carbon footprint and improve population health. One such investment is building or extending Light Rail Transit (LRT). Focusing on studies in the USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, this paper reports the results of a systematic review on the associations between LRT and physical activity. This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Twenty studies were identified through a search of five bibliographic databases (Web of Science, Transport Research International Documentation (TRID), Scopus, Medline, and SPORTDiscus) (n=5,866) and a systematic Google search (n=446). At least two reviewers conducted the search and reviewed the titles and abstract of each identified article to include in the review. Standardized data extraction forms were used to document information from each selected article. The forms included a risk of bias assessment tool. Two reviewers completed the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Our findings show that moderate certainty of evidence exists for the relationship between LRT and walking behaviour. Here, all studies, most of which were natural experiments (n = 6), found a positive association between LRT and walking behaviour, with LRT leading to an increase of 7–40% in walking in most studies (n = 7 out of 8). A positive relationship between LRT and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and between LRT and cycling was also often identified; however, results were inconsistent, and certainty of evidence is low for MPVA, and very low for cycling. Further, some studies (n = 3) identify differences in physical activity participation at different LRT stations, suggesting that station design, surrounding land use, and built environment play important roles in promoting physical activity around LRT. Given this, practitioners can be relatively confident that LRT investments will result in increased walking behaviour.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 234-263
Issue: 2
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2099999
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2099999
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# input file: TTRV_A_2119297_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Yuerong Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Yuerong
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Maria Kamargianni
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamargianni
Title: A review on the factors influencing the adoption of new mobility technologies and services: autonomous vehicle, drone, micromobility and mobility as a service
Abstract:
New mobility technologies and services could address a series of transport-related problems such as pollution, congestion, unpleasant travel experiences, as well as first- and last-mile in-connectivity. Understanding the key factors influencing adoption and enablers is critical to the rollout of the new mobility technologies and services. The objective of this paper is to conduct a systematic review of the new mobility technologies and services, especially on autonomous vehicles, drones, micromobility and Mobility as a Service (MaaS). The ultimate goal is to gain a deeper insight into the factors that affect the adoption or preferences of these technologies and services and thus provide policy implications at the strategic level. The results of the review identified several (1) shared, (2) exclusive, (3) opposing and (4) mixed impacts factors that strongly influence the uptake of new mobilities. The synthesised finding will contribute to policy decisions, particularly regarding the sequencing of the launch and development priorities of new mobility technologies and services. To encourage the uptake of new mobility technologies and services, further promotion would benefit from (1) embedding a spatio-temporal perspective, (2) undertaking a careful market segmentation and (3) a careful segmentation of technology and services based on features, application contexts and purposes.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 407-429
Issue: 3
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2119297
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2119297
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# input file: TTRV_A_2159122_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: David A. Hensher
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hensher
Author-Name: Sampo Hietanen
Author-X-Name-First: Sampo
Author-X-Name-Last: Hietanen
Title: Mobility as a feature (MaaF): rethinking the focus of the second generation of mobility as a service (MaaS)
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 325-329
Issue: 3
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2159122
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2159122
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:3:p:325-329
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# input file: TTRV_A_2113570_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Lauren Pearson
Author-X-Name-First: Lauren
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson
Author-Name: Danielle Berkovic
Author-X-Name-First: Danielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Berkovic
Author-Name: Sandy Reeder
Author-X-Name-First: Sandy
Author-X-Name-Last: Reeder
Author-Name: Belinda Gabbe
Author-X-Name-First: Belinda
Author-X-Name-Last: Gabbe
Author-Name: Ben Beck
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Beck
Title: Adults’ self-reported barriers and enablers to riding a bike for transport: a systematic review
Abstract:
Riding a bike for transport purposes is an effective way to improve population and environmental health. Despite this, participation levels in many countries are low. Identifying the barriers and enablers to riding a bike for transport is essential to developing interventions that encourage bike riding. In this mixed-methods systematic review, we aimed to identify the perceived barriers and enablers to adults riding a bike for transport in Organisation for Economic Development (OECD) countries. A systematic database search was conducted to identify relevant peer-reviewed and grey literature. Fourty-five papers/reports met eligibility criteria. There were 34 barriers and 21 enablers identified. The leading barriers related to riding on the road alongside motor vehicles. Other factors identified included the provision and quality of cycling infrastructure, personal factors such as physical fitness, attitudinal factors such as community perceptions of cyclists, and environmental factors. While this review highlights the complexity of factors that influence the uptake of riding a bike for transport, many of the leading factors could be overcome through the provision of high-quality protected infrastructure for bike riders. Other interventions to address other known barriers and enablers are needed to increase the uptake of bike riding.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 356-384
Issue: 3
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2113570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2113570
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:3:p:356-384
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# input file: TTRV_A_2132314_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Markus D. Jakobsen
Author-X-Name-First: Markus D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jakobsen
Author-Name: Karina Glies Vincents Seeberg
Author-X-Name-First: Karina
Author-X-Name-Last: Glies Vincents Seeberg
Author-Name: Mette Møller
Author-X-Name-First: Mette
Author-X-Name-Last: Møller
Author-Name: Pete Kines
Author-X-Name-First: Pete
Author-X-Name-Last: Kines
Author-Name: Patrick Jørgensen
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Jørgensen
Author-Name: Lasse Malchow-Møller
Author-X-Name-First: Lasse
Author-X-Name-Last: Malchow-Møller
Author-Name: Alberte B. Andersen
Author-X-Name-First: Alberte B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen
Author-Name: Lars L. Andersen
Author-X-Name-First: Lars L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen
Title: Influence of occupational risk factors for road traffic crashes among professional drivers: systematic review
Abstract:
This systematic review focuses on factors associated with occupational road crashes among professional drivers of commercial vehicles, e.g. trucks, buses and taxis. PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar were searched, and quality assessment followed guidelines developed by the British Sociological Association medical sociological group. Sixty-six cross-sectional studies and one cohort study were included, of which 18, 45 and 3 studies were categorised as high-, moderate- and low-quality studies, respectively. Twenty-seven significant risk factors for road crashes were divided into six domains: (1) organisational, (2) individual driver characteristics, (3) qualifications, (4) driver conditions, (5) driving behaviour, and (6) external. The most frequently investigated factors were age (individual driver characteristics domain), sleepiness and substance use (driver conditions), driving duration and time of driving (organisational). More recently studied risk factors were management support (organisational), years of experience (qualifications), health parameters (driver conditions), vehicle speed and distracting activities, e.g. use of phone or navigation tools while driving (driving behaviour). The review identified overall risk factor domains and occupation-specific risk factors suitable for targeting and prioritising organisational preventive safety efforts. To obtain a more in-depth understanding of the antecedents of road crashes, future prospective studies are encouraged that evaluate preventive strategies for occupational road crashes.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 533-563
Issue: 3
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2132314
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2132314
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# input file: TTRV_A_2131010_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Xueqin Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Xueqin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Yiik Diew Wong
Author-X-Name-First: Yiik Diew
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Author-Name: Tianyi Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Tianyi
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Kum Fai Yuen
Author-X-Name-First: Kum Fai
Author-X-Name-Last: Yuen
Title: Consumer logistics in contemporary shopping: a synthesised review
Abstract:
Contemporary shopping is experiencing rapid changes with the increasing ubiquity of technologies that can be utilised to create seamless omni-channel experiences. These changes have logistics-related implications for end-consumers. Adopting Bowersox (1978)’s [Logistics management. New York: Macmillan] categorisation of logistics activities, this study comprises a synthesised review of scattered consumer logistics literature to bring order and structure to this evolving research field. It is found that an omni-channel shopping environment enables the dynamic transfer of logistics activities between business operators and consumers; However, this interaction does not extend to the post-shopping last-mile context. Instead, last-mile logistics is characterised by a somewhat rigid extension/shift of logistics obligations to/from consumers. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has given rise to a self-service and technology-dependence trend in consumer logistics, leading to the more active control of logistics activities by consumers. Four propositions along with a unified framework are proposed, based on which a list of future research questions is suggested.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 502-532
Issue: 3
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2131010
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2131010
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:3:p:502-532
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# input file: TTRV_A_2119296_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Richa Maheshwari
Author-X-Name-First: Richa
Author-X-Name-Last: Maheshwari
Author-Name: Veronique Van Acker
Author-X-Name-First: Veronique
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Acker
Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Author-Name: Frank Witlox
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox
Title: A multi-perspective review of the impact of a workplace relocation on commuting behaviour, commuting satisfaction and subjective well-being
Abstract:
Recently, a growing body of literature has focused on the role of daily mobility on subjective well-being (SWB). What is less well understood is the temporal effect of commuting on SWB/life satisfaction. To date, most studies addressing this temporal effect consider the impact of a residential relocation and not many studies reflect on the impact of a workplace relocation (WPR) on commuting behaviour, commuting satisfaction and SWB. This is surprising considering that changes at the destination of a commuting trip (i.e. relocation of the workplace) could be as important as changes at the origin of a commuting trip (i.e. relocation of the place of residence). This paper, therefore, aims to provide a systematic review of the impact of a WPR on commuting behaviour, commuting satisfaction and SWB. Using the PRISMA method, we identified 35 papers and developed a conceptual model summarising the main relationships between workplace relocation, commuting behaviour, commuting satisfaction and SWB. This conceptual model also reflects four disciplinary perspectives dominating research on the impacts of a workplace relocation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 385-406
Issue: 3
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2119296
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2119296
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:3:p:385-406
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# input file: TTRV_A_2119298_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Emma R. Lawlor
Author-X-Name-First: Emma R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawlor
Author-Name: Kate Ellis
Author-X-Name-First: Kate
Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis
Author-Name: Jean Adams
Author-X-Name-First: Jean
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams
Author-Name: Russell Jago
Author-X-Name-First: Russell
Author-X-Name-Last: Jago
Author-Name: Louise Foley
Author-X-Name-First: Louise
Author-X-Name-Last: Foley
Author-Name: Stephanie Morris
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Morris
Author-Name: Tessa Pollard
Author-X-Name-First: Tessa
Author-X-Name-Last: Pollard
Author-Name: Carolyn Summerbell
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Summerbell
Author-Name: Steven Cummins
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Cummins
Author-Name: Hannah Forde
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Forde
Author-Name: Campbell Foubister
Author-X-Name-First: Campbell
Author-X-Name-Last: Foubister
Author-Name: Christina Xiao
Author-X-Name-First: Christina
Author-X-Name-Last: Xiao
Author-Name: Jenna Panter
Author-X-Name-First: Jenna
Author-X-Name-Last: Panter
Title: Stakeholders’ experiences of what works in planning and implementing environmental interventions to promote active travel: a systematic review and qualitative synthesis
Abstract:
Infrastructure for active travel (AT) is receiving attention as a low-cost, sustainable transport option that promotes physical activity. However, the planning and implementation of new AT infrastructure often brings challenges. This review synthesises stakeholders’ views and experiences of developing guidance for, designing, commissioning and implementing environmental interventions to promote AT. Eight databases were searched for studies containing qualitative data from stakeholders with direct experience. Results were synthesised thematically. The risk of bias was assessed using the CASP checklist for qualitative research, and evidence quality using the GRADE-CERQual tool. A total of 21,703 articles were identified from database searches, with 35 studies included. Eighteen studies focused on infrastructure promoting walking and cycling, fourteen on cycling and three on walking. Fifteen studies were judged to have no/very minor concerns, 12 had minor concerns, four had moderate concerns and four were of serious concern. A variety of stakeholders were influential, most commonly supportive elected leaders and individuals in public and voluntary sectors. Inter-disciplinary collaboration facilitated sharing of expertise and resources, and upskilling was beneficial. Effective communication methods varied between stakeholders and reason for communication. Persuasive strategies included aligning with stakeholders priorities and making the best use of evidence. Opportune moments to implement AT infrastructure were alongside non-AT projects and exogenous events. Compliance with AT policies could increase by embedding in higher level legislation. Political support was important and fostered through not de-prioritising cars and gaining external funding. The GRADE-CERQual found high confidence in our findings, apart from the sub-themes “Methods of communication” and “Political will” that had moderate confidence. Our findings can assist stakeholders in successfully navigating the process from conception to implementation of AT infrastructure and inform future policy and decision-making.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 478-501
Issue: 3
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2119298
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2119298
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:3:p:478-501
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# input file: TTRV_A_2123064_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Anjani Kalra
Author-X-Name-First: Anjani
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalra
Author-Name: Tommy Lim
Author-X-Name-First: Tommy
Author-X-Name-Last: Lim
Author-Name: Lauren Pearson
Author-X-Name-First: Lauren
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson
Author-Name: Ben Beck
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Beck
Title: Methods used to capture subjective user experiences in adults while riding bicycles: a scoping review
Abstract:
People who ride bicycles often feel unsafe and/or uncomfortable riding in various road conditions. Therefore, understanding the perceptions or experiences of bicyclists in real-world riding conditions is critical to inform interventions that enhance the experience of bike riding and therefore increase participation. A scoping review was undertaken to investigate methods used for capturing subjective experiences in the process of bicycling, or immediately post-ride. Six electronic databases and reference lists of the included studies were searched from inception to May 2021. Of the 11,904 non-duplicate articles, 53 full-text articles were included in the review. The review identified the following methods used to capture the subjective experiences: (i) on-ride method (n = 7), (ii) immediately post-ride method (n = 13), (iii) on-ride plus post-ride methods (n = 8), (iv) ride-along method (n = 4), (v) ride-along plus post-ride methods (n = 6), and (vi) intercept survey methods (n = 15). Some studies exclusively used naturalistic methods for capturing subjective experiences. There is a need to advance methods and standardise approaches to capture subjective user experiences. This is needed to ensure that we are able to understand the experiences and needs of people who ride bikes to inform the provision of safe and connected infrastructure for all ages and abilities.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 453-477
Issue: 3
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2123064
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2123064
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:3:p:453-477
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# input file: TTRV_A_2109775_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Gregory Carlton
Author-X-Name-First: Gregory
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlton
Author-Name: Selima Sultana
Author-X-Name-First: Selima
Author-X-Name-Last: Sultana
Title: Transport equity considerations in electric vehicle charging research: a scoping review
Abstract:
Many communities have been marginalised in the ongoing policy and planning debates surrounding transportation electrification, even though well allocated charging infrastructure is essential for the environmental and societal benefits of Electric Vehicles (EVs) to be realised. This scoping review aims to synthesise the current state of knowledge and gaps surrounding transportation equity in EV charging research. Following PRISMA-Scr protocols, a literature search is conducted to locate articles that explicitly or implicitly discuss EV charging equity. Our review finds that research on charging equity is nascent and lacking in clear normative evaluations of equity compared to the wider body of transportation equity literature. Only slightly more than one-in-four of an identified 37 articles discuss equity and justice explicitly. Equity perspectives in charging research are dominated by North American and European perspectives, with limited perspectives from the rest of the world. Charging incentivisation schemes and planning efforts may not be equity focused and may favour wealthier individuals, and there are differences in the charging needs and desires of high adoption groups compared to low adoption groups. These findings, however, often come from geographically and philosophically limited contexts and there are gaps in the literature for new methodological and topical contributions to this area.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 330-355
Issue: 3
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2109775
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2109775
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:3:p:330-355
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# input file: TTRV_A_2122625_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Georgios Kapousizis
Author-X-Name-First: Georgios
Author-X-Name-Last: Kapousizis
Author-Name: Mehmet Baran Ulak
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet Baran
Author-X-Name-Last: Ulak
Author-Name: Karst Geurs
Author-X-Name-First: Karst
Author-X-Name-Last: Geurs
Author-Name: Paul J. M. Havinga
Author-X-Name-First: Paul J. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Havinga
Title: A review of state-of-the-art bicycle technologies affecting cycling safety: level of smartness and technology readiness
Abstract:
New technologies are gaining ground in various disciplines, and road safety is not an exception. The objective of this paper is twofold: (1) to review the state-of-the-art technologies implemented in bicycles to improve cyclists’ safety, and (2) to propose a classification for the levels of smartness of emerging “smart bikes”. This paper defines six levels of smartness for bicycles based on their functionality and evaluates the Technology Readiness Levels of bicycle technologies. Furthermore, areas for future research were identified and discussed. To achieve these, we conducted a literature review which employed two academic databases –Scopus and Web of Science– and the Google Scholar search engine, following the framework of the systematic literature review methodology for the search and selection process. A total of 36 studies that met the inclusion criteria were investigated. The majority of these studies focus on warning systems aiming to forestall an imminent collision, mostly by using accelerometers/gyroscopes, LIDAR, sensors and networking communication. These systems, despite their preliminary state, demonstrate a positive effect on cyclists’ safety. The review concludes that there is a need for further deployment and testing of such systems with field trials to gain concrete evidence regarding their impact on cyclists’ safety. It also highlights that advanced technologies are scarcely implemented in bicycles and that most smart bicycle systems are based on smartphones. Thus, the question is: what lies in the future of smart bicycles from today’s perspective?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 430-452
Issue: 3
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2122625
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2122625
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:3:p:430-452
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# input file: TTRV_A_2167887_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Marianne Ryghaug
Author-X-Name-First: Marianne
Author-X-Name-Last: Ryghaug
Author-Name: Ivana Subotički
Author-X-Name-First: Ivana
Author-X-Name-Last: Subotički
Author-Name: Emilia Smeds
Author-X-Name-First: Emilia
Author-X-Name-Last: Smeds
Author-Name: Timo von Wirth
Author-X-Name-First: Timo
Author-X-Name-Last: von Wirth
Author-Name: Aline Scherrer
Author-X-Name-First: Aline
Author-X-Name-Last: Scherrer
Author-Name: Chris Foulds
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Foulds
Author-Name: Rosie Robison
Author-X-Name-First: Rosie
Author-X-Name-Last: Robison
Author-Name: Luca Bertolini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini
Author-Name: Eda Beyazit İnce
Author-X-Name-First: Eda
Author-X-Name-Last: Beyazit İnce
Author-Name: Ralf Brand
Author-X-Name-First: Ralf
Author-X-Name-Last: Brand
Author-Name: Galit Cohen-Blankshtain
Author-X-Name-First: Galit
Author-X-Name-Last: Cohen-Blankshtain
Author-Name: Marc Dijk
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Dijk
Author-Name: Marlene Freudendal Pedersen
Author-X-Name-First: Marlene Freudendal
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedersen
Author-Name: Stephan Gössling
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan
Author-X-Name-Last: Gössling
Author-Name: Robert Guzik
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Guzik
Author-Name: Paula Kivimaa
Author-X-Name-First: Paula
Author-X-Name-Last: Kivimaa
Author-Name: Christian Klöckner
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Klöckner
Author-Name: Hristina Lazarova Nikolova
Author-X-Name-First: Hristina Lazarova
Author-X-Name-Last: Nikolova
Author-Name: Aleksandra Lis
Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Lis
Author-Name: Oriol Marquet
Author-X-Name-First: Oriol
Author-X-Name-Last: Marquet
Author-Name: Dimitris Milakis
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris
Author-X-Name-Last: Milakis
Author-Name: Milos Mladenović
Author-X-Name-First: Milos
Author-X-Name-Last: Mladenović
Author-Name: Gijs Mom
Author-X-Name-First: Gijs
Author-X-Name-Last: Mom
Author-Name: Caroline Mullen
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Mullen
Author-Name: Nathalie Ortar
Author-X-Name-First: Nathalie
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortar
Author-Name: Pucci Paola
Author-X-Name-First: Pucci
Author-X-Name-Last: Paola
Author-Name: Catarina Sales Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Catarina Sales
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira
Author-Name: Tim Schwanen
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwanen
Author-Name: Tauri Tuvikene
Author-X-Name-First: Tauri
Author-X-Name-Last: Tuvikene
Author-Name: Alexander Wentland
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Wentland
Title: A Social Sciences and Humanities research agenda for transport and mobility in Europe: key themes and 100 research questions
Abstract:
Transport and mobility systems need to be transformed to meet climate change goals and reduce negative environmental and social effects. Despite EU policies having targeted such problems for more than three decades, transitions have been slow and geographically uneven. For effective change to happen, transport and mobility research needs fresh perspectives and better integration of knowledge from the Social Sciences and Humanities. Based on a Horizon Scanning approach, which allowed for a great deal of openness and variety in scholarly viewpoints, this paper presents a novel research agenda consisting of 8 themes and 100 research questions that may contribute to achieving environmentally sustainable mobility transitions within Europe. This research agenda highlights the need to not only support technological solutions for low-carbon mobility, but the importance of transformative policies that include new processes of knowledge production, civic participation and epistemic justice. We contend that the agenda points to the need for further research on the dynamics of science-society interactions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 755-779
Issue: 4
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2167887
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2167887
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:4:p:755-779
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# input file: TTRV_A_2165575_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jennifer L. Kent
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kent
Author-Name: Melanie Crane
Author-X-Name-First: Melanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Crane
Author-Name: Nilakshi Waidyatillake
Author-X-Name-First: Nilakshi
Author-X-Name-Last: Waidyatillake
Author-Name: Mark Stevenson
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Stevenson
Author-Name: Lauren Pearson
Author-X-Name-First: Lauren
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson
Title: Urban form and physical activity through transport: a review based on the d-variable framework
Abstract:
The potential to encourage physical activity through the use of active transport modes, particularly walking and cycling, is of interest to public health and planning professionals alike. The way elements of urban form, such as density, destination accessibility, design, distance and diversity can either promote or discourage active transport use, is a well-developed area of research. While this research body has been examined previously, urban form is often conceptualised in varying ways, resulting in review recommendations that are difficult to operationalise in subsequent urban and transport planning research. This review takes a fresh perspective on the research by undertaking a narrative review of 104 quality assessed articles examining the impact of elements of urban form on walking and cycling. Urban form is conceptualised using the well-known D-variable framework. We found that the impact of urban form on active transport was expressed in 293 measurements, and that 95.5% of these measurements were positively correlated with the use of walking and/or cycling for transport. We conclude that differences in the built environment are related to differences in the use of physically active modes – active travel is practised in environments where distances are shorter, the distribution of uses are mixed, and infrastructure, including transit, is tailored and accessible. Furthermore, while the D variables framework remains effective for conceptualising this link, this review reveals ways that the framework to be used in a more comprehensive, specific and practical way.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 726-754
Issue: 4
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2165575
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2165575
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:4:p:726-754
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# input file: TTRV_A_2133189_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Paulo Anciaes
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo
Author-X-Name-Last: Anciaes
Title: Effects of the roadside visual environment on driver wellbeing and behaviour – a systematic review
Abstract:
The view that drivers have from the road can be enjoyable or disturbing, stressful or relaxing, distracting or fatiguing. Road planning guidelines balance aesthetical and safety considerations but are rarely grounded on empirical evidence. This paper reviews evidence on the effects of the roadside visual environment on the wellbeing and behaviour of drivers, focusing on natural and built elements external to the road, i.e. excluding road geometry, design, conditions, and users. Standardised information was extracted from 50 studies. These studies have used experiments involving participants watching videos or driving a simulator or instrumented vehicle, usually with unrepresentative samples (mostly males, young age groups, and students). Most evidence is related to the driving task (e.g. distraction, fatigue), not to wider aspects of driver wellbeing (e.g. stress recovery), and to safety issues, not aesthetical ones. There is increased evidence for monotonous views (linked to fatigue), roadside vegetation (linked mainly to a reduction of stress and risky driving behaviours, but depending on the characteristics of the vegetation) and advertisements (linked to distraction, but depending on advertisement type and other variables). A few studies have looked at other elements of the built environment (memorials, drones, wind turbines, utility poles), with mixed evidence on distraction and safety behaviour. The links between continued exposure to certain types of views and car commuter stress have not been studied. There is little evidence for developing countries or differences by gender, visual impairment, trip purpose, and type of vehicle.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 571-598
Issue: 4
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2133189
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2133189
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:4:p:571-598
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# input file: TTRV_A_2147240_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Debjit Bhowmick
Author-X-Name-First: Debjit
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhowmick
Author-Name: Meead Saberi
Author-X-Name-First: Meead
Author-X-Name-Last: Saberi
Author-Name: Mark Stevenson
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Stevenson
Author-Name: Jason Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Jason
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Author-Name: Meghan Winters
Author-X-Name-First: Meghan
Author-X-Name-Last: Winters
Author-Name: Trisalyn Nelson
Author-X-Name-First: Trisalyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson
Author-Name: Simone Zarpelon Leao
Author-X-Name-First: Simone Zarpelon
Author-X-Name-Last: Leao
Author-Name: Sachith Seneviratne
Author-X-Name-First: Sachith
Author-X-Name-Last: Seneviratne
Author-Name: Christopher Pettit
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettit
Author-Name: Hai L. Vu
Author-X-Name-First: Hai L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Vu
Author-Name: Kerry Nice
Author-X-Name-First: Kerry
Author-X-Name-Last: Nice
Author-Name: Ben Beck
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Beck
Title: A systematic scoping review of methods for estimating link-level bicycling volumes
Abstract:
Estimation of bicycling volumes is essential for the strategic implementation of infrastructure and related transport elements and policies. Link-level volume estimation models (models that estimate volumes on individual street segments) allow for understanding variation in bicycling volumes across an entire network at higher spatial resolution than area-level models. Such models assist transport planners to efficiently monitor network usage, to identify opportunities to enhance safety and to evaluate the impact of policy and infrastructure interventions. However, given the sparsity and scarcity of bicycling data as compared to its motorised counterparts, link-level bicycling volume estimation literature is relatively limited. This paper conducts a scoping review of link-level bicycling volume estimation methods by implementing systematic search strategies across relevant databases, thereby identifying appropriate studies for the review. The review resulted in some interesting findings. Among all the methods implemented, direct demand modelling was the predominant one. Not a single study implemented multiple modelling approaches in the same study area, thereby not allowing for comparison of these approaches. Most studies were conducted in the United States. It was also observed that there exists a lot of heterogeneity in the reporting of basic study characteristics and validation results, sometimes to the extent of not reporting these at all. The study presents the different types of data used in modelling (count, travel survey, GPS data) along with an array of popular explanatory variables that can inform future studies about data collection and variable selection for modelling. The study discusses the strengths and limitations of different methods and finally presents recommendations for future research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 622-651
Issue: 4
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2147240
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2147240
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:4:p:622-651
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# input file: TTRV_A_2166146_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Farah A. Awad
Author-X-Name-First: Farah A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Awad
Author-Name: Daniel J. Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Author-Name: Laila AitBihiOuali
Author-X-Name-First: Laila
Author-X-Name-Last: AitBihiOuali
Author-Name: Ramandeep Singh
Author-X-Name-First: Ramandeep
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh
Title: Performance of urban rail transit: a review of measures and interdependencies
Abstract:
Recent years saw immense growth in performance measurement literature related to public transit systems, with a clear segmentation between financial and quality-of-service performance frameworks. Recently, there has been a shift away from considering cost efficiency alone as a performance measure, and quality-of-service – which influences ridership attraction and retention – has been receiving more interest. The segmentation of these two performance aspects poses a gap in the literature, as there are interdependencies between them. This study provides a systematic review of the methodologies and empirical findings of studies on both performance measurement aspects of urban rail transit systems; specifically, we demonstrate the importance of linking cost efficiency analyses to the level of service quality. To our knowledge, this is the first review of urban rail transit research that links the two performance aspects. We begin by reviewing the methodological limitations of cost performance measures and summarising the drivers of cost performance in the existing literature. We then review studies on the definitions and measurements of quality-of-service in urban rail performance. Lastly, we summarise the scant literature linking the two performance aspects and highlight future study directions, mainly, the importance of a structural framework to provide a holistic view of transit operators’ performance.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 698-725
Issue: 4
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2166146
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2166146
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:4:p:698-725
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# input file: TTRV_A_2145386_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Yinhua Tao
Author-X-Name-First: Yinhua
Author-X-Name-Last: Tao
Author-Name: Ana Petrović
Author-X-Name-First: Ana
Author-X-Name-Last: Petrović
Author-Name: Maarten van Ham
Author-X-Name-First: Maarten
Author-X-Name-Last: van Ham
Title: Commuting behaviours and subjective wellbeing: a critical review of longitudinal research
Abstract:
The relationship between commuting behaviours and subjective wellbeing has been fascinating scholars of different disciplines. Especially in the last decade, longitudinal research designs have made great progress in identifying causality in the commuting-wellbeing relationship by focusing on within-individual variations over time. However, the results from longitudinal research are far from consistent and, therefore, questions remain unanswered regarding the association of motorised and long commuting journeys with subjective wellbeing in the long term. The aim of this literature review is to account for why these inconsistencies occur and to provide some avenues for future longitudinal research. We achieve this by developing theoretical conceptualisations of the commuting-wellbeing relationship from an interdisciplinary perspective, which drives the subsequent critical review of empirical longitudinal evidence based on nation/city-wide panel surveys, intervention experiments and relocation events. We recommend furture research to distinguish and integrate different processes that lead to changes in commuting behaviours, including environmental changes, information or participatory interventions, and the event of residential relocation together with other life events and long-term processes in life. This processual thinking will enrich the temporal scope of longitudinal research and contribute to a better understanding of the interdependent relationship between daily commuting behaviours and long-term subjective wellbeing.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 599-621
Issue: 4
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2145386
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2145386
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:4:p:599-621
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# input file: TTRV_A_2165574_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Hui Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Hui
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Jinyang Li
Author-X-Name-First: Jinyang
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Pengling Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Pengling
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Jing Teng
Author-X-Name-First: Jing
Author-X-Name-Last: Teng
Author-Name: Becky P. Y. Loo
Author-X-Name-First: Becky P. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Loo
Title: Adaptability analysis methods of demand responsive transit: a review and future directions
Abstract:
Demand responsive transit (DRT) echoes the new requirements of modern travel on flexibility and carbon reduction, as well as achieving a better match between demand and supply. However, many DRTs still failed. An important step named adaptability analysis helps to understand the context, desirability, and feasibility of introducing DRT. An adaptability analysis includes three sub-questions. Question 1 focuses on policy, regulation, funding, and technologies. Question 2 looks at the interactions of travel demand with operation parameters such as fare and fleet size. Question 3 tries to figure out the impacts of DRT on mobility, society, and the environment. To answer Question 1, macro-level methods collect information and generalise from empirical knowledge, including experience and barriers from real-world operation cases. To answer Question 2, meso-level methods determine the operation mode of DRT by quantifying related factors and establishing evaluation models or boundary condition decision models. To answer Question 3, micro-level methods use microscopic models for simulating the interaction between passengers and vehicles under different scenarios. This paper further discusses the advantages, disadvantages, and future directions of adaptability analysis methods of DRT. Overall, DRT presents great potential and future adaptability analysis should be developed by considering new trends in DRT and more complex and practical-oriented scenarios.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 676-697
Issue: 4
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2165574
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2165574
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:4:p:676-697
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# input file: TTRV_A_2198458_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Eric Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Title: The current state of activity-based travel demand modelling and some possible next steps
Abstract:
Despite the clear theoretical advantages of activity-based models of travel behaviour relative to trip-based models, adoption of such models in planning practice has been slow. This editorial discusses some reasons underlying this fact, including “locking into” outmoded model structures and software and challenges in translating research advances into practice. It argues for more widespread adoption of an activity-scheduling approach to the problem and identifies a number of key areas requiring new research in order to improve the operational capabilities of these models.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 565-570
Issue: 4
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2198458
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2198458
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:4:p:565-570
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# input file: TTRV_A_2171151_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Haipeng Cui
Author-X-Name-First: Haipeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Cui
Author-Name: Qiang Meng
Author-X-Name-First: Qiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Meng
Author-Name: Teck-Hou Teng
Author-X-Name-First: Teck-Hou
Author-X-Name-Last: Teng
Author-Name: Xiaobo Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaobo
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Title: Spatiotemporal correlation modelling for machine learning-based traffic state predictions: state-of-the-art and beyond
Abstract:
Predicting traffic states has gained more attention because of its practical significance. However, the existing literature lacks a critical review regarding how to address the spatiotemporal correlation in the ML-based traffic state prediction models from a traffic-oriented perspective. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively and critically review the spatiotemporal correlation modelling (STCM) approaches adopted for developing ML-based traffic state prediction models and provide future research directions based on traffic-oriented characteristics and ML techniques. Concretely, we investigate the neural network-based traffic state prediction models and characterise the STCM of these models by a proposed systematic review framework including three components: (i) spatial feature representation that demonstrates how the spatial information regarding road network is formulated, (ii) temporal feature representation that illustrates a variety of approaches to extract the temporal features, and (iii) model structure analyses the model layout to address the spatial correlations and temporal correlations simultaneously. Finally, several open challenges regarding incorporating traffic-oriented characteristics such as signal effects with ML techniques are put up with future research directions provided and discussed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 780-804
Issue: 4
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2171151
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2171151
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:4:p:780-804
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# input file: TTRV_A_2163319_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Asimina Voskaki
Author-X-Name-First: Asimina
Author-X-Name-Last: Voskaki
Author-Name: Thomas Budd
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Budd
Author-Name: Keith Mason
Author-X-Name-First: Keith
Author-X-Name-Last: Mason
Title: The impact of climate hazards to airport systems: a synthesis of the implications and risk mitigation trends
Abstract:
Climate hazards have only fairly recently been acknowledged as key risk factors for airports. While there is a growing body of research examining specific climate change impacts, there is only limited work that combines this literature with overall climate risk. This paper seeks to address this gap in the literature by investigating and synthesising findings from studies relating to historical airport sensitivity to climate hazards and offering insights on the overall climate risk for the global airport system. With airports increasingly needing to become more “climate-resilient” due to projected changes in global climate, airport planners and decision-makers face challenges in terms of identifying key priority areas for resilience planning and investment. The findings of the paper provide insights into these challenges by examining best-applied practices and current levels of vulnerability. The paper supports the wider inclusion of climate risks as a key factor in airports’ planning and operational processes. This will require transforming current management cultures to enhance an airport's operational ability to respond to climate events efficiently and recover quickly in the event of a disruption.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 652-675
Issue: 4
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2022.2163319
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2022.2163319
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:4:p:652-675
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# input file: TTRV_A_2189323_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Louis A. Merlin
Author-X-Name-First: Louis A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Merlin
Author-Name: Ulrike Jehle
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrike
Author-X-Name-Last: Jehle
Title: Global interest in walking accessibility: a scoping review
Abstract:
We conduct a systematic scoping review of the academic literature concerning pedestrian accessibility. We distinguish “walking accessibility” from the broader topic of “walkability” by two criteria: papers must consider one or more destination type(s), and papers must address the issue of distance or impedance. After searching Web of Science, TRID, and Google Scholar databases and conducting screening, we identify 85 papers meeting these criteria. We organise the literature review according to the four components of accessibility identified by Geurs and van Wee [(2004). Accessibility evaluation of land-use and transport strategies: Review and research directions. Journal of Transport Geography, 12(2), 127–140]: (1) Land use; (2) transport; (3) temporal; and (4) individual and also add a section on the topic of impedance. Walking accessibility studies address a much greater range of land uses or destination types than is typically found for other modes. The transportation component is relatively undeveloped, as pedestrian infrastructure includes many influential elements not currently tracked in GIS systems. Few studies address the temporal component of walk accessibility, which varies according to climatic and nighttime conditions. Most papers do not account for the significant variation across individual capabilities and preferences regarding walking. We note that developing detailed pedestrian networks is a key first step, as most published analysis is conducted on roadway networks. A second major recommendation is to consider individual variations in walk accessibility across demographic classifications, accounting for varying levels of physical mobility.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1021-1054
Issue: 5
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2189323
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2189323
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:5:p:1021-1054
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# input file: TTRV_A_2175274_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Thomas O. Hancock
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hancock
Author-Name: Charisma F. Choudhury
Author-X-Name-First: Charisma F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Choudhury
Title: Utilising physiological data for augmenting travel choice models: methodological frameworks and directions of future research
Abstract:
Recent technological and methodological advances have led to the possibility of a wider range of data being incorporated into travel choice models. In particular, physiological data such as eye-tracking information, skin conductance, heart rate recordings and electroencephalogram (EEG) have emerged as promising sources of information that could be used to gain insights into the decision-making process as well as the decision-maker's state of mind. However, research on methodologies to utilise these data sources and to integrate them with mobility data for advancing state-of-the-art travel behaviour models is still very limited. In this paper, we discuss the key benefits of using these emerging sources of physiological data, review applications of different types of physiological data and highlight their strengths and weaknesses. Particular attention is paid to two different generic frameworks for integrating these types of data into econometric choice models of travel behaviour. The first framework involves using physiological sensor data as indicators of latent variables while in the second framework, they are used as exogenous variables. We identify the research gaps and outline the directions for future methodological and applied research required to better utilise the physiological data for travel choice models.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 838-866
Issue: 5
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2175274
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2175274
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:5:p:838-866
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# input file: TTRV_A_2175276_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Pablo Campos-Garzón
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Campos-Garzón
Author-Name: Romina G. Saucedo-Araujo
Author-X-Name-First: Romina G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Saucedo-Araujo
Author-Name: Javier Sevil-Serrano
Author-X-Name-First: Javier
Author-X-Name-Last: Sevil-Serrano
Author-Name: Jairo H. Migueles
Author-X-Name-First: Jairo H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Migueles
Author-Name: Yaira Barranco-Ruiz
Author-X-Name-First: Yaira
Author-X-Name-Last: Barranco-Ruiz
Author-Name: Palma Chillón
Author-X-Name-First: Palma
Author-X-Name-Last: Chillón
Title: A systematic review in device-measured physical activity during active commuting to/from school: practical considerations to assess when, where, and how much it occurs
Abstract:
Active commuting to/from school (ACS) is an efficient manner to increase daily physical activity (PA) levels. However, there seems to be no consensus on the best methodology to accurately assess ACS-PA. Therefore, this systematic review aimed (1) to compile and review the methodologies used in device-measured ACS-PA in young people, including the definition of the times (i.e. start/end times) and the locations (i.e. home/school) of the trips (i.e. when and where), and how to quantify the ACS-PA mode, intensity, and volume with devices (e.g. accelerometers, pedometers), (2) to analyse the strengths and limitations of these methodologies, and (3) to propose practical recommendations for ACS-PA measurement. A systematic search was carried out up to 2021 in five different databases. The systematic search yielded 6,274 references, of which 27 papers met the inclusion criteria (See PMC7459731). Methodologies used to assess ACS-PA were heterogenous, especially on how to determine the times when ACS takes place. The start/end times of the trips were mainly identified using predefined time intervals, even though GPS-based detection were also used in some studies. Regarding how to quantify the ACS-PA, the main mode of ACS assessed was walking and the most used device was the accelerometer to quantify the PA intensity. This systematic review provides the strengths and limitations of each method, proposes solutions to appropriately measure ACS-PA, and includes a decision tree for helping researchers’ decision-making.PROSPERO registration number CRD42020162004A.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 888-913
Issue: 5
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2175276
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2175276
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:5:p:888-913
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# input file: TTRV_A_2189322_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Rong Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: Rong
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Author-Name: Yu Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Yu
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: Otto Anker Nielsen
Author-X-Name-First: Otto Anker
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen
Title: Integrated people-and-goods transportation systems: from a literature review to a general framework for future research
Abstract:
The promotion of urban mobility by integrating people-and-goods transportation has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Within this framework, diversified forms such as co-modality, freight on transit, and crowdshipping have been proposed, piloted or implemented. The success of the implementation and market penetration depends on not only the novelties of the concept but also the planning and operational efficiency. Thus, a comprehensive review focusing on the operation of integrated people-and-goods transportation systems and associated critical decisions and subproblems is performed. Different practical forms in which people and goods are transported in an integrated manner are identified. The critical decisions associated with each form and subproblem are discussed, along with corresponding models and solution approaches. Notably, because integrated transportation systems are in the early exploration stage at present, new forms are expected to emerge. Therefore, this paper proposes a general framework to realise the planning and operation of new forms in the future. The decisions and subproblems identified from existing forms are fed to the proposed general framework to identify two key research opportunities: to improve or extend existing research and to conduct pioneering research to fill the gaps in the frameworks for operating potential forms of integrated people-and-goods transportation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 997-1020
Issue: 5
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2189322
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2189322
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:5:p:997-1020
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# input file: TTRV_A_2185314_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Leen De Paepe
Author-X-Name-First: Leen
Author-X-Name-Last: De Paepe
Author-Name: Veronique Van Acker
Author-X-Name-First: Veronique
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Acker
Author-Name: Frank Witlox
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox
Title: To share or not to share, by whom is the question. Acceptability and acceptance of shared transport services by vulnerable groups
Abstract:
It is believed that shared transport services (STSs) can reduce transport poverty and social exclusion. This paper proposes a definition of “social acceptability” and “social acceptance” and examines whether vulnerable groups accept STSs. The notions “acceptability” and “acceptance” were distinguished and four necessary conditions, especially for vulnerable groups, or the 4As were identified: “availability”, “accessibility”, “affordability”, and “attractability”. In the context of STSs, “social acceptability” is defined as the degree to which an individual intends to use a STS before experiencing it in everyday travel based on the expected availability, accessibility, affordability, and attractability of the service, while “social acceptance” also incorporates the use of a STS after experiencing it in everyday travel based on a minimum level of perceived availability, accessibility, affordability, and attractability. This paper further reviews the scientific literature in transport research regarding the “acceptability” or “acceptance” of STSs by vulnerable groups. While several studies include socio-economic and demographic variables (e.g. age, gender) to explain the “acceptability” of STSs, only a few studies specifically focus on vulnerable groups. More research on the “social acceptance” of STSs, especially shared scooters, ride-sharing, and apps and Mobility as a Service (MaaS), by vulnerable groups is needed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 935-969
Issue: 5
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2185314
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2185314
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:5:p:935-969
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# input file: TTRV_A_2179683_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Alexa Delbosc
Author-X-Name-First: Alexa
Author-X-Name-Last: Delbosc
Author-Name: Rahman Shafi
Author-X-Name-First: Rahman
Author-X-Name-Last: Shafi
Title: What do we know about immigrants’ travel behaviour? A systematic literature review and proposed conceptual framework
Abstract:
Immigrants make up a significant population in many countries; in some countries as many as 30% of the population was born overseas. An increasing number of studies have found that immigrants are likely to travel differently to their native-born counterparts. But to date the reasons for these differences have been explored disparately across many different countries and contexts, which makes it difficult to determine whether these findings are transferrable. This study aims to develop a conceptual framework of immigrant travel behaviour using a systematic literature review of existing studies. A systematic search uncovered 48 studies of immigrant travel behaviour between 2004 and 2022; nearly half of these studies were published in the last five years. Most studies found that on average, immigrants drove less and used other modes (including carpool) more than native-born counterparts, but that travel behaviour tends to assimilate toward the norm over time. We propose two broad factors that influence this process: direct effects including demographics, attitudes, past travel behaviour and socio-cultural norms; and the role of ethnic enclaves which set the scene for the transport and land-use system experienced by immigrant communities. But all of these factors play out differently against the intersecting background of an immigrants’ country of origin and country of destination. Given this complexity, future research should explore a greater variety of immigrant cohorts and look in greater depth at the past travel experiences of immigrants. If we choose not to consider where people come from, we risk further excluding potentially vulnerable groups as well as potentially missing out on a growing market for more sustainable transport solutions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 914-934
Issue: 5
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2179683
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2179683
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:5:p:914-934
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# input file: TTRV_A_2171500_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Hugo Badia
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo
Author-X-Name-Last: Badia
Author-Name: Erik Jenelius
Author-X-Name-First: Erik
Author-X-Name-Last: Jenelius
Title: Shared e-scooter micromobility: review of use patterns, perceptions and environmental impacts
Abstract:
Recently, a new shared micromobility service has become popular in cities. The service is supplied by a new vehicle, the e-scooter, which is equipped with a dockless security system and electric power assistance. The relatively unregulated proliferation of these systems driven by the private sector has resulted in numerous research questions about their repercussions. This paper reviews scientific publications as well as evaluation reports and other technical documents from around the world to provide insights about these issues. In particular, we focus on mobility, consumer perception and environment. Based on this review, we observe several knowledge needs in different directions: deeper comprehension of use patterns, their function in the whole transport system, and appropriate policies, designs and operations for competitive and sustainable shared e-scooter services.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 811-837
Issue: 5
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2171500
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2171500
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:5:p:811-837
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# input file: TTRV_A_2175275_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Lina Trosvik
Author-X-Name-First: Lina
Author-X-Name-Last: Trosvik
Author-Name: Johanna Takman
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Takman
Author-Name: Lisa Björk
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Björk
Author-Name: Jenny Norrman
Author-X-Name-First: Jenny
Author-X-Name-Last: Norrman
Author-Name: Yvonne Andersson-Sköld
Author-X-Name-First: Yvonne
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson-Sköld
Title: A meta-evaluation of climate policy evaluations: findings from the freight transport sector
Abstract:
Knowledge about how implemented policy instruments have performed is important for designing effective and efficient policy instruments that contribute to reductions of greenhouse gas emissions. This paper carries out a meta-evaluation of ex-post evaluations of climate policy instruments in the freight transport sector. By analysing the outcomes and quality of evaluations, the aim is to identify whether estimated effects of policy instruments can be compared between evaluations and if the results are appropriate to use for evidence-based decision making. To analyse these aspects, commonly applied evaluation criteria are assessed and classified according to an assessment scale. We confirm that few ex-post evaluations are carried out and that there is a gap between evaluation theory and how ex-post policy evaluations are performed in practice, where evaluation criteria recommended in policy evaluation guidelines are found to often be neglected in evaluations. The result is a lack of systematic climate policy evaluation which hinders reliable conclusions about the effect of policy instruments. There is a need for more systematic monitoring and evaluation of implemented policy instruments and we suggest that evidence-based decision making can be improved by adjusting current policy evaluation guidelines and by introducing an evaluation obligation.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 867-887
Issue: 5
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2175275
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2175275
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:5:p:867-887
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# input file: TTRV_A_2220206_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Author-Name: Alireza Ermagun
Author-X-Name-First: Alireza
Author-X-Name-Last: Ermagun
Author-Name: F. Atiyya Shaw
Author-X-Name-First: F. Atiyya
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw
Title: Wait time, travel time and waiting during travel: existing research and future directions
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 805-810
Issue: 5
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2220206
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2220206
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:5:p:805-810
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# input file: TTRV_A_2188619_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Haimanti Bala
Author-X-Name-First: Haimanti
Author-X-Name-Last: Bala
Author-Name: Sabreena Anowar
Author-X-Name-First: Sabreena
Author-X-Name-Last: Anowar
Author-Name: Samuel Chng
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Chng
Author-Name: Lynette Cheah
Author-X-Name-First: Lynette
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheah
Title: Review of studies on public acceptability and acceptance of shared autonomous mobility services: past, present and future
Abstract:
The emergence of vehicle automation and its subsequent growth has led to new transport service offerings, generally known as Autonomous Mobility Services (AMS), that have the potential to replace human-operated vehicles. However, the functionalities of AMS are increasingly blurring the fine lines that currently distinguish different transport modes. For example, an autonomous shuttle bus, a form of autonomous transit, may serve a similar function as an autonomous taxi/robo-taxi, both coinciding with the concept of Shared Autonomous Mobility Services (SAMS). Even if the functionalities or operational principles are different, people may perceive sharing rides in any of these services as alike. Similarly, the absence of a human driver makes the concepts of autonomous carsharing and ridehailing similar. Hence, there is a need to review studies related to SAMS. However, few studies have attempted to perform a comprehensive review of public acceptance of SAMS. This study aims to fill this gap by reviewing studies related to public acceptability and acceptance, perception, intention to use, attitudes, mode choice and willingness constructs regarding SAMS. This review clearly distinguishes different types of SAMS while examining public’s acceptability and acceptance of SAMS across five dimensions: perception about the services, intention to choose and use those over other modal alternatives, frequency of usage and willingness constructs. Overall, the results from our review indicate the presence of heterogeneity across sub-groups regarding the adoption of SAMS. Discussing the factors affecting SAMS acceptance in a detailed manner, our study serves to provide a stocktake of the progress in this genre of research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 970-996
Issue: 5
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2188619
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2188619
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:5:p:970-996
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# input file: TTRV_A_2205177_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bing-yu Chiu
Author-X-Name-First: Bing-yu
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiu
Author-Name: Erick Guerra
Author-X-Name-First: Erick
Author-X-Name-Last: Guerra
Title: What predicts motorcycle ownership, mode choice, and use for utilitarian travel? A literature review
Abstract:
This literature review is the first to explore the predictors of the ownership, mode choice, and use of private motorcycles for utilitarian travel. Existing literature reviews on motorcycles only focused on the adverse impacts of motorcycle transport. A total of 45 articles in English published up to 2022 from quantitative and qualitative studies were reviewed to identify socioeconomic and built environment predictors of motorcycle travel which can be affected by planning or policy interventions. Motorcycle ownership level of a country is explained by average income, population density, and urbanisation level; that of a province or city by average income; and that of a household by the numbers of adults and workers, car ownership level, income as well as the population density and road density at the residential location. The choice of individuals to use a motorcycle rather than other modes is predicted by income and age as well as the advantages of time and cost savings of motorcycles over other modes. The amount of motorcycle use of households or individuals is associated with the number of household members, car ownership level, the age of the principal user, and income. Supply of public transport should focus on areas prone to widespread motorcycle ownership to both slow down the growth in motorcycle ownership and pre-empt that in car ownership as both types of motorised vehicles bring environmental and public health harms. More research is needed for further understanding of the relationships between motorcycle travel, the built environment, and public transport supply.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1165-1189
Issue: 6
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2205177
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2205177
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:6:p:1165-1189
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# input file: TTRV_A_2206168_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: David Welch
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Welch
Author-Name: Daniel Shepherd
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Shepherd
Author-Name: Kim N. Dirks
Author-X-Name-First: Kim N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dirks
Author-Name: Ravi Reddy
Author-X-Name-First: Ravi
Author-X-Name-Last: Reddy
Title: Health effects of transport noise
Abstract:
The relationship between transport noise and health outcomes is complex, in part because of the large number of factors involved as well as the range of health impacts, both direct and indirect. To enable the reader to come to grips with the complexity, we have divided the health outcomes into groups: those that are more directly linked to transport noise exposure and those that are more indirectly linked. Four health outcomes, namely annoyance, cognitive disruption, sleep problems, and noise-induced hearing loss, can be directly attributable to transport noise exposure. Less direct outcomes are stress, mental health, metabolic health, cardiovascular health, and overall health-related quality of life. Stress may occur as a direct response to noise, or may occur in response to the aforementioned direct effects. The stress response is a survival mechanism in the short term, but in the long term, stress may lead to systemic health conditions, namely metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes, and to mental health conditions. Finally, a global health outcome that incorporates all of the more direct outcomes is health-related quality of life. Other exposures associated with transport noise that may explain parts of the health outcomes need to be acknowledged, including exposure to social inequities, air pollution, and vibration. These may all be more likely to be experienced by people who are exposed to transport noise in the community and may thus influence the outcomes. Finally, transport noise appears to have more impact on health in those who are noise sensitive, thus noise sensitivity is a key moderator of all the effects observed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1190-1210
Issue: 6
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2206168
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2206168
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:6:p:1190-1210
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# input file: TTRV_A_2195687_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Cristian Domarchi
Author-X-Name-First: Cristian
Author-X-Name-Last: Domarchi
Author-Name: Elisabetta Cherchi
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabetta
Author-X-Name-Last: Cherchi
Title: Electric vehicle forecasts: a review of models and methods including diffusion and substitution effects
Abstract:
Governments worldwide are investing in innovative transport technologies to foster their development and widespread adoptions. Since accurate predictions are essential for evaluating public policies, great efforts have been devoted to forecast the potential demand and adoption times of these innovations. However, this proves to be challenging, and it often fails to deliver accurate predictions. Learning a lesson to guide future work is critical but difficult because forecast figures depend on modelling methods and assumptions, and exhibit a great variability in methodologies, data and contexts. This paper provides a critical review of the models and methods employed in the literature to forecast the demand for electric vehicles (EVs), with a focus on the methods for incorporating choice behaviour into diffusion modelling. The review complements and extends previous works in three ways: (1) it focuses specifically on the ways in which fuel type choice has been incorporated into diffusion models or vice-versa; (2) it includes a discussion on forecast accuracy, contrasting the predictions with the actual figures available and estimating an average root mean square error and (3) it compares models and methods in terms of their strengths and limitations, and their implications in forecasting accuracy. In doing that, it also contributes discussing the literature published between 2019 and 2021. The analysis shows that EV demand estimation requires solving the non-trivial issue of jointly modelling the factors that induce diffusion in a social network and the instrumental and psychological elements that might favour household adoption considering the available alternatives. Mixed models that integrate disaggregate micro-simulation tools to capture social interaction and discrete choice models for individual behaviour appear as an interesting approach, but like almost all methods analysed failed to deliver satisfactory results or accurate predictions even when using sophisticated modelling techniques. Further improvement in various components is still needed, in particular in the input data, which regardless of the method used, is key to the accuracy of any forecasting exercise.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1118-1143
Issue: 6
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2195687
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2195687
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:6:p:1118-1143
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# input file: TTRV_A_2189325_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Allan Ribeiro Pimenta
Author-X-Name-First: Allan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ribeiro Pimenta
Author-Name: Md. Kamruzzaman
Author-X-Name-First: Md.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamruzzaman
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Title: Long-term effects of autonomous vehicles on the built environment: a systematic scoping review towards conceptual frameworks
Abstract:
The advent of autonomous vehicles (AV) is expected to significantly impact the built environment in the long-term. However, the mechanism through which these effects would occur is not known. This study aims to develop conceptual frameworks in the form of causal loop diagrams to enhance understanding through a systematic scoping review of the literature. The review process followed the PRISMA framework and 82 eligible studies were sourced from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Data were extracted for six attributes of the built environment (parking, density, land use diversity, destination accessibility, urban sprawl and street design). Both qualitative/speculative and quantitative findings are presented stratified by AV types (i.e. shared-autonomous vehicle and private autonomous vehicles), and geographical contexts (i.e. citywide, suburbs and central business district). The findings show that the long-term effects of AVs on the built environment would not be uniformly distributed across the city and vary by AV types. Built environment effects would occur through changes in accessibility, the redistributive demand for parking spaces and other mechanisms. The study provides a knowledge repository and identifies gaps in knowledge for researchers and practitioners interested in the long-term effects of AVs on the built environment.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1083-1117
Issue: 6
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2189325
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2189325
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:6:p:1083-1117
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# input file: TTRV_A_2246733_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert van
Author-X-Name-Last: Wee
Title: Is it really a stupid idea? The counterfactual check
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1055-1057
Issue: 6
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2246733
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2246733
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:6:p:1055-1057
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# input file: TTRV_A_2217519_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Julia B. Gutiérrez-Lopez
Author-X-Name-First: Julia B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gutiérrez-Lopez
Author-Name: Dominik Möst
Author-X-Name-First: Dominik
Author-X-Name-Last: Möst
Title: Characterising the flexibility of electric vehicle charging strategies: a systematic review and assessment
Abstract:
The increasing uptake of electric vehicles (EVs) has raised concerns about the impact a large fleet could have on electricity markets and distribution grids alike. Charging strategies have emerged as a means to provide flexibility, especially to electricity distribution grids, by controlling the EV charging process. This paper presents a typification of charging strategies and introduces a conceptual framework for appraising their flexibility in distribution grids. This is underpinned by data collected through an aggregative systematic literature review. The framework is derived from an exploratory qualitative content analysis of the sampled data and encompasses four flexibility dimensions: time, duration, quantity, and location of charging. Structural elements of a charging strategy are also explored, complementing the framework. Finally, the paper also presents a quantitative data analysis assessing the level of flexibility provided by each charging strategy. Results show that flexibility dimensions are not equally exploited, direct control strategies do not strictly outperform other control alternatives and innovative charging structures are yet to thrive for flexibility supply to increase. These findings contribute to better-informed, evidence-based policy interventions.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1237-1262
Issue: 6
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2217519
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2217519
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:6:p:1237-1262
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# input file: TTRV_A_2219838_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Emma G. P. Sexton
Author-X-Name-First: Emma G. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sexton
Author-Name: Katherine J. Harmon
Author-X-Name-First: Katherine J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Harmon
Author-Name: Rebecca L. Sanders
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanders
Author-Name: Nitesh R. Shah
Author-X-Name-First: Nitesh R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shah
Author-Name: Meg Bryson
Author-X-Name-First: Meg
Author-X-Name-Last: Bryson
Author-Name: Charles T. Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Charles T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Author-Name: Christopher R. Cherry
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cherry
Title: Shared e-scooter rider safety behaviour and injury outcomes: a review of studies in the United States
Abstract:
Electric scooters (e-scooters) have proliferated throughout North American cities in the past five years, with about 60 million shared e-scooter trips taken in 2021. That growth has resulted in safety and injury prevention challenges, and much of the regulatory approach has been to limit e-scooter use through technological or behavioural interventions. The past few years have yielded a patchwork of regulations based on a diversity of published safety and injury studies, including work on injury burden (e.g. hospitalisation studies), direct observation, rider surveys, or traffic crash (e.g. police-reported crash) analysis. This review draws from disparate studies to develop systematic policy conclusions related primarily to rider safety behaviour and associated injury outcomes, particularly severe injuries. This work focuses on perceived safety, demographics of scooter riders, injury trends of riders, temporal and spatial correlates of shared e-scooter rider injuries and contributing factors like roadway design, impairment, and helmets. While this review focuses on studies that occurred in the United States, some findings transfer elsewhere. The sum of the literature points to the importance of enhanced and maintained infrastructure to improve rider behaviour, predictability, and perceived safety, and increases in driver and e-scooter user education and enforcement to reduce violations and impairment.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1263-1285
Issue: 6
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2219838
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2219838
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# input file: TTRV_A_2189324_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Fuad Yasin Huda
Author-X-Name-First: Fuad Yasin
Author-X-Name-Last: Huda
Author-Name: Graham Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Graham
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Author-Name: Md. Kamruzzaman
Author-X-Name-First: Md.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamruzzaman
Title: Understanding the value of autonomous vehicles – an empirical meta-synthesis
Abstract:
Value of Time (VOT) is a key element in transport infrastructure planning decisions. It is widely believed that travellers using autonomous vehicles (AVs) will have a lower VOT than conventional vehicles (CVs) because of improved road safety, increased road capacity, engagement in productive activity during travel and increased mobility. A number of researchers have measured VOT effects of AVs though no consolidation of this evidence has been undertaken to date. This is the first study to provide a quantitative summary and synthesis of the estimated VOT of AV travel including a synthesis of factors affecting AV VOT. Meta-analyses of 24 studies show that mean VOTs for conventional cars, private AVs and shared AVs are respectively 17.3, 12.1 and 19.4 AU$/hr. However, wide variations in these estimates are evident and 12 factors have been identified with statistically significant effects on these variations including geographical context, study experimental characteristics, trip characteristics and socio-economic factors. We found that AV VOT estimates are lower when animated videos are used to demonstrate AV capabilities. Private AVs have the lowest VOT estimates as do commute trips and morning peak periods. Young adults (18–30 years) and people with current driving experience consistently report lower AV VOT while those with higher educational status and higher-incomes report having higher AV VOT. Implications of findings for policy and future research are presented.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1058-1082
Issue: 6
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2189324
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2189324
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:6:p:1058-1082
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# input file: TTRV_A_2208290_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Hongyun Si
Author-X-Name-First: Hongyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Si
Author-Name: Jiangang Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Jiangang
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Author-Name: Wenwen Hua
Author-X-Name-First: Wenwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Hua
Author-Name: Long Cheng
Author-X-Name-First: Long
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheng
Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Author-Name: Wenxiang Li
Author-X-Name-First: Wenxiang
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: What influences people to choose ridesharing? An overview of the literature
Abstract:
Ridesharing is a shared mobility service in which passengers and drivers with similar origins and destinations are matched to travel in the same vehicle. This service utilises unused seats in vehicles and multi-passenger rides to reduce the cost of travel. To promote ridesharing, both service providers and policymakers should carefully analyse passenger adoption behaviour to support future decision-making and planning. In this paper, 80 studies on passenger ridesharing behaviour published since 2004 are reviewed. The motivating factors and barriers are analysed and classified in terms of demographic factors, psychological factors, and situational factors, and boundary conditions are included. The work provides a corresponding research framework on ridesharing behaviour. Finally, the current literature gaps are summarised and research recommendations are provided. This study provides a comprehensive and systematic research basis for ridesharing studies, and presents important theoretical and practical contributions to guide sustainable ridesharing behaviour.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1211-1236
Issue: 6
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2208290
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2208290
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:6:p:1211-1236
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# input file: TTRV_A_2200983_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ankita Sil
Author-X-Name-First: Ankita
Author-X-Name-Last: Sil
Author-Name: Subeh Chowdhury
Author-X-Name-First: Subeh
Author-X-Name-Last: Chowdhury
Author-Name: Roselle Thoreau
Author-X-Name-First: Roselle
Author-X-Name-Last: Thoreau
Title: Moving towards an inclusive public transport system for women in the South and Southeast Asian region
Abstract:
Women in South and Southeast Asia encounter unique mobility barriers which are a combination of poor services by public transport modes and underlying patriarchal societal norms. Although international organisations provide guidelines for national policy makers to develop inclusive public transport systems, women’s mobility remains restricted and unsafe. This paper provides a critical review on women’s mobility barriers from built-environment to policy for public transport ridership. It includes three main aspects. Firstly, the key barriers encountered by women from poor service quality, sexual harassment and patriarchal societal norms. Secondly, the limitations in common methods adopted to measure these barriers. Finally, the effectiveness of international guidelines and national policies on women’s travel needs for public transport ridership. Findings revealed that women’s mobility barriers in South and Southeast Asian countries originate from the lack of adequate inclusive policies and protection laws from authorities. The underlying patriarchal societal norms form a toxic base, which allow for severe forms of sexual harassment to take place when riding public transport and for women to experience victim-blaming, if the incidents are reported. The paper concludes with knowledge gaps to assist practitioners and researchers to move toward safer journeys and development of inclusive public transport systems for women in developing countries.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1144-1164
Issue: 6
Volume: 43
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2200983
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2200983
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:43:y:2023:i:6:p:1144-1164
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# input file: TTRV_A_2220917_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231209T012025 git hash: e41d04c31c
Author-Name: Rachel Burbidge
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Burbidge
Author-Name: Christopher Paling
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Paling
Author-Name: Rachel M. Dunk
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dunk
Title: A systematic review of adaption to climate change impacts in the aviation sector
Abstract:
The incremental changes and greater extremes of a changing climate will have operational, infrastructure and economic impacts for aviation. Given the criticality of aviation for global connectivity and mobility, it is vital that the sector understands and adequately adapts to these risks. This article presents a systematic review of the growing but somewhat dispersed academic literature on climate change impacts and adaptation in the aviation sector. Information was synthesised from 131 studies (published between January 2000 and November 2022) on eleven climate change effects and the associated impacts and potential adaptation measures. Six areas for action to address knowledge, awareness and implementation gaps were identified: (i) to broaden geographical coverage, particularly to address the current lack of studies addressing climate risks and responses in Central and South America, Africa and the Middle East; (ii) to extend knowledge of physical impacts; (iii) to address known-unknowns such as the risks associated with unprecedented or compound extreme events; (iv) to extend knowledge of adaptation including cost–benefit analysis and consideration of integrated mitigation and adaptation; (v) to identify and apply other relevant research; and (vi) for sector bodies to support and facilitate collaboration between researchers and practitioners to co-develop accessible user-oriented climate adaptation services.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 8-33
Issue: 1
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2220917
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2220917
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# input file: TTRV_A_2251688_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231209T012025 git hash: e41d04c31c
Author-Name: Oded Cats
Author-X-Name-First: Oded
Author-X-Name-Last: Cats
Title: Identifying human mobility patterns using smart card data
Abstract:
Human mobility is subject to collective dynamics that are the outcome of numerous individual choices. Smart card data which originated as a means of facilitating automated fare collection has emerged as an invaluable source for analysing mobility patterns. A variety of clustering and segmentation techniques has been adopted and adapted for applications ranging from market segmentation to the analysis of urban activity locations. In this paper we provide a systematic review of the state-of-the-art on clustering public transport users based on their temporal or spatial-temporal characteristics as well as studies that use the latter to characterise individual stations, lines or urban areas. Furthermore, a critical review of the literature reveals an important distinction between studies focusing on the intra-personal variability of travel patterns versus those concerned with the inter-personal variability of travel patterns. We synthesise the key analysis approaches as well as substantive findings and subsequently identify common trends and shortcomings and outline related directions for further research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 213-243
Issue: 1
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2251688
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2251688
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:1:p:213-243
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# input file: TTRV_A_2240958_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231209T012025 git hash: e41d04c31c
Author-Name: Elias Willberg
Author-X-Name-First: Elias
Author-X-Name-Last: Willberg
Author-Name: Henrikki Tenkanen
Author-X-Name-First: Henrikki
Author-X-Name-Last: Tenkanen
Author-Name: Harvey J. Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Harvey J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Author-Name: Rafael H. M. Pereira
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael H. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pereira
Author-Name: Tuuli Toivonen
Author-X-Name-First: Tuuli
Author-X-Name-Last: Toivonen
Title: Measuring just accessibility within planetary boundaries
Abstract:
Our societies struggle to provide a good life for all without overconsuming environmental resources. Consequently, scholarly search for approaches to meet environmental and social goals of sustainability have become popular. In transport research, accessibility is a key tool to characterise linkages between people, transport, and land use. In the current paper, we propose a conceptual framework for measuring just accessibility within planetary boundaries. We reviewed transport studies and discovered a substantial literature body on accessibility and social disadvantage, much vaster compared to the literature around environmental and ecological impacts of accessibility. We also show a gap in approaches that have integrated these two perspectives. Building on the review, we suggest a conceptual framework for incorporating environmental and social sustainability goals in accessibility research. We conclude the paper by pointing to key challenges and research avenues related to the framework, including (i) dealing with uncertainty and complexity in socio-ecological thresholds, (ii) integrating environmental limits into the conceptualisations of transport equity, (iii) measuring accessibility through other costs than travel time, and (iv) integrating both quantitative and qualitative data.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 140-166
Issue: 1
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2240958
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2240958
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:1:p:140-166
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# input file: TTRV_A_2264097_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231209T012025 git hash: e41d04c31c
Author-Name: Dimitris Milakis
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris
Author-X-Name-Last: Milakis
Title: Beyond rockets: transport planning for permanent space settlements
Abstract:
This editorial initiates a dialogue on transport planning within permanent space settlements. It introduces a conceptual model outlining key elements and contextual factors integral to the development and operation of transport systems in space communities. The unique constraints of space environments (e.g. cosmic radiation, gravity, atmosphere, temperature, dust and soil) require systems prioritising efficiency, safety, resilience, accessibility, and well-being beyond Earth’s requirements. Collective and active modes along vertical and horizontal axes within compact settlements may be optimal due to resource constraints. Innovative energy storage and sharing systems, enhanced materials, and new maintenance protocols will likely be required for modular, adaptable pressurised tunnel or tube-based transport systems. To ensure safety and operational integrity, a rigorously managed traffic environment is anticipated, requiring a balance between demand, capacities, and service frequencies. Comfortable and joyful travel environments would be needed to alleviate stressors associated with tunnel-based travel. Governance and policies would be expected to prioritise aspects such as well-being and social equity in response to harsh space conditions and resource constraints. Future research could involve system-level, interdisciplinary and participatory futures and simulation methods to address the complexity and uncertainties inherent to transport planning in space settlements.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 1-7
Issue: 1
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2264097
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2264097
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# input file: TTRV_A_2247165_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231209T012025 git hash: e41d04c31c
Author-Name: Travis Fried
Author-X-Name-First: Travis
Author-X-Name-Last: Fried
Author-Name: Anne Goodchild
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodchild
Author-Name: Michael Browne
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Browne
Author-Name: Ivan Sanchez-Diaz
Author-X-Name-First: Ivan
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanchez-Diaz
Title: Seeking equity and justice in urban freight: where to look?
Abstract:
Urban freight systems embed and reflect spatial inequities in cities and imbalanced power structures within transport decision-making. These concerns are principal domains of “transportation justice” (TJ) and “mobility justice” (MJ) scholarship that have emerged in the past decade. However, little research exists situating urban freight within these prevailing frameworks, which leaves urban freight research on socio-environmental equity and justice ill-defined, especially compared to passenger or personal mobility discussions. Through the lens that derives from TJ and MJ’s critical dialogue, this study synthesises urban freight literature’s engagement with equity and justice. Namely, the review evaluates: How do researchers identify equitable distributions of urban freight’s costs and benefits? At what scale do researchers evaluate urban freight inequities? And who does research consider entitled to urban freight equity and how are they involved in urban freight governance? The findings help inform researchers who seek to reimagine urban freight management strategies within broader equity and justice discourse.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 191-212
Issue: 1
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2247165
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2247165
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:1:p:191-212
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# input file: TTRV_A_2239499_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231209T012025 git hash: e41d04c31c
Author-Name: Karst Geurs
Author-X-Name-First: Karst
Author-X-Name-Last: Geurs
Author-Name: Anna Grigolon
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Grigolon
Author-Name: Karla Münzel
Author-X-Name-First: Karla
Author-X-Name-Last: Münzel
Author-Name: Konstantinos Gkiotsalitis
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos
Author-X-Name-Last: Gkiotsalitis
Author-Name: David Duran-Rodas
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Duran-Rodas
Author-Name: Benjamin Büttner
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Büttner
Author-Name: Christoph Kirchberger
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirchberger
Author-Name: Jesse Pappers
Author-X-Name-First: Jesse
Author-X-Name-Last: Pappers
Author-Name: Lluis Martinez Ramirez
Author-X-Name-First: Lluis
Author-X-Name-Last: Martinez Ramirez
Author-Name: Antonia Graf
Author-X-Name-First: Antonia
Author-X-Name-Last: Graf
Author-Name: Julia Hansel
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansel
Author-Name: Roxani Gkrava
Author-X-Name-First: Roxani
Author-X-Name-Last: Gkrava
Author-Name: Roman Klementschitz
Author-X-Name-First: Roman
Author-X-Name-Last: Klementschitz
Title: The Smarthubs integration ladder: a conceptual model for the categorisation of shared mobility hubs
Abstract:
A variety of shared mobility hubs, offering shared mobility and other services, have emerged in many cities across the globe. This paper provides a literature review on of the definition and categorisation of shared mobility hubs, guidance for the design of these hubs, and develops a multidimensional typology for shared mobility hubs. The typology, named the SmartHubs Integration Ladder, is based on three integration dimensions: physical, digital, and democratic. The literature review shows that digital and democratic (participation) integration dimensions, and universal design principles are typically missing in shared mobility hub concepts, definitions and planning practice. This implies that existing shared mobility hubs will not reach their full potential in terms of user and societal value. The “smarter” shared mobility hubs are physically, digitally, and democratically, the more user and societal value can potentially be created.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 112-139
Issue: 1
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2239499
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2239499
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:1:p:112-139
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# input file: TTRV_A_2229521_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231209T012025 git hash: e41d04c31c
Author-Name: Adham Badran
Author-X-Name-First: Adham
Author-X-Name-Last: Badran
Author-Name: Ahmed El-Geneidy
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Geneidy
Author-Name: Luis Miranda-Moreno
Author-X-Name-First: Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Miranda-Moreno
Title: A review of techniques to extract road network features from global positioning system data for transport modelling
Abstract:
With the spread of smartphones and mobile internet, Global Positioning System (GPS) data from vehicles has become widely available. This data represents a unique opportunity to automatically extract road network features and generate detailed maps that can be used in the creation of transport network models, while minimising the quantity of resources usually invested in that task. Accurate transport network models can be used in a variety of applications either in transport simulation models or autonomous vehicles navigation. Although two relevant literature reviews were performed during the last decade, they were not systematic and did not explore the road network inference methods from a transport network modelling point of view. The objective of this research is to perform a systematic and reproducible literature review on the use GPS data in transport network modelling and provide limitations and future work to extract a road network representation for transport models and autonomous vehicles navigation. This was done by systematically examining the studies’ different approaches with respect to relevant criteria. Most studies produced a simple representation of the road network, not detailed enough for transport models. Other limitations were the bias introduced by the GPS sample and the reproducibility of the different methods.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 69-84
Issue: 1
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2229521
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2229521
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:1:p:69-84
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# input file: TTRV_A_2222911_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231209T012025 git hash: e41d04c31c
Author-Name: Ioannis Kosmidis
Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis
Author-X-Name-Last: Kosmidis
Author-Name: Daniela Müller-Eie
Author-X-Name-First: Daniela
Author-X-Name-Last: Müller-Eie
Title: The synergy of bicycles and public transport: a systematic literature review
Abstract:
This study is a review of the existing literature on the topic of bike-transit combination. The aim is two-fold: (i) to identify factors that influence its successful uptake, and (ii) to discuss the potential of the bike-transit combination and its impact on urban transport systems. The review showed that the bike-transit integration is complex and can be influenced by a variety of factors. These factors are mainly related to the quality of public transport, the cycling network and the integration of these two. Improving them can have a positive impact on bike-transit uptake. Land use and built environment characteristics also play an important role, suggesting that the local context plays a significant role on its successful uptake. In general, the review reveals that bike-transit has shown potential in improving the performance of existing public transport systems, by expanding catchment areas and improving accessibility, but its impacts on car use have not been explicitly studied. The review concludes that the bike-transit combination shows a promising path to sustainable urban mobility and is a topic worth further investigation. However, it also calls for more integrated research approaches and an explicit focus on which types of travel behaviour are substituted by the bike-transit combination.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 34-68
Issue: 1
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2222911
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2222911
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# input file: TTRV_A_2229031_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231209T012025 git hash: e41d04c31c
Author-Name: Alexandra Tessier
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Tessier
Author-Name: Marc-André Clément
Author-X-Name-First: Marc-André
Author-X-Name-Last: Clément
Author-Name: Isabelle Gélinas
Author-X-Name-First: Isabelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Gélinas
Author-Name: Normand Boucher
Author-X-Name-First: Normand
Author-X-Name-Last: Boucher
Author-Name: Claire Croteau
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Croteau
Author-Name: Diane Morin
Author-X-Name-First: Diane
Author-X-Name-Last: Morin
Author-Name: Marie Turcotte
Author-X-Name-First: Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Turcotte
Author-Name: Philippe S. Archambault
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Archambault
Title: The impact of transportation on the employment of people with disabilities: a scoping review
Abstract:
Although many barriers remain to the employment of people with disabilities, public transportation can play a key role for integration and retention of people with disabilities in employment. However, research is needed to better understand how public transportation influences access to work for people with disabilities. This study aims to identify public transportation-related barriers and facilitators to the employment of people living with disabilities. A scoping review approach was adopted, with a keyword search through six databases. Studies’ characteristics, transportation barriers, and facilitators to employment of people with disabilities were extracted from the selected articles. The results were presented descriptively and narratively. In total, 74 studies were included. Barriers and facilitators were grouped under four themes: (1) public transportation, (2) employment, (3) personal factors, and (4) social network. This review highlights the key role of public transportation in accessing and maintaining employment for people with disabilities. It also reveals gaps in the literature and a need to investigate the issue through the lens of employers, public transportation services, and social environmental facilitators.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 85-111
Issue: 1
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2229031
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2229031
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:1:p:85-111
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# input file: TTRV_A_2239497_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231209T012025 git hash: e41d04c31c
Author-Name: Richard Hartl
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Hartl
Author-Name: Philip Harms
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Harms
Author-Name: Markus Egermann
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Egermann
Title: Towards transformation-oriented planning: what can sustainable urban mobility planning (SUMP) learn from transition management (TM)?
Abstract:
The European Commission’s concept of Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning (SUMP) aims to prepare transport planners for the challenge of fundamental transformations to achieve climate-neutral and sustainable cities. While the concept has been widely adopted by European cities over the last decade, it can be asked whether SUMP is able to trigger the required transformative change in mobility systems. This paper critically reflects on the SUMP concept by systematically comparing it with the theoretical governance framework of Transition Management (TM), which is explicitly designed to foster transformative change. Based on a literature review, we examine similarities and differences between these approaches regarding the planning dimensions of context, content and process. Drawing on this comparison, the paper demonstrates how SUMP could learn from TM in practice and research in four main ways: (i) utilising transition theory to better address transition features; (ii) using collaborative formats from TM while taking account of legitimacy concerns; (iii) incorporating backcasting approaches; and (iv) explicitly integrating experiments into the process cycle. The paper exemplifies how insights from transition research can stimulate the further development of procedures, methods and tools towards transformation-oriented planning.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 167-190
Issue: 1
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2239497
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2239497
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# input file: TTRV_A_2205178_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Author-Name: John Pucher
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Pucher
Title: COVID-19 and cycling: a review of the literature on changes in cycling levels and government policies from 2019 to 2022
Abstract:
This paper reviews 100 peer-reviewed articles and 12 non-refereed papers on COVID-19 and cycling published from March 2020 to January 2023. Overall, the studies suggest more increases than decreases in cycling, with some cities reporting large increases. However, there has been much variation among countries, cities, and specific corridors within cities as well as variation by gender, age, ethnicity, income group, trip purpose, and time period of the pandemic. The largest increases in cycling in 2020 were for recreation, exercise, and stress relief on weekends and weekday afternoons. By comparison, cycling to work, university, schools, and shopping generally declined. Most studies reported expansions or improvements in bikeway networks, often specifically related to COVID or accelerated due to COVID, and with a particular emphasis on low-stress facilities such as protected bike lanes, slow streets, car-free streets, and traffic calmed neighbourhood streets. Most of the studies examining the social equity impacts of COVID-related cycling policies found them to be broadly equitable across income, ethnic, age, and gender dimensions. Many studies recommended further expansion of low-stress, safer facilities in order to attract a broader cross-section of the population to cycling.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 299-344
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2205178
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2205178
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# input file: TTRV_A_2295368_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Lindsay Oluyede
Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay
Author-X-Name-Last: Oluyede
Author-Name: Tabitha S. Combs
Author-X-Name-First: Tabitha S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Combs
Author-Name: Carlos Felipe Pardo
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Felipe
Author-X-Name-Last: Pardo
Title: The why and how of COVID streets: a city-level review of research into motivations and approaches during a crisis
Abstract:
At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, more than 1500 cities around the world created or expanded public spaces for walking, bicycling, recreation and outdoor commerce to accommodate requirements for physical distancing. These interventions often involved the reallocation of street space dedicated to cars to facilitate active mobility. While research on efforts to adapt street space during the pandemic is burgeoning, there has yet to be an in-depth analysis of the motivations behind these responses. Our international qualitative study conducted a thematic review of existing research on active mobility responses to understand them better. Specifically, our review considered why responses were chosen (four motivations: risk reduction, impact mitigation, demand accommodation and opportunity) and how they were implemented (four typologies: opportunism, crisis reaction, business-as-usual was also a crisis and agility). Opportunism was most common both as motivation and typology of approach. However, elements of the other motivations and approach typologies were critical for developing and implementing responses that more directly addressed community needs and concerns during the crisis. Our findings help inform the work of transportation professionals to make cities more resilient by building their capacity to respond quickly and equitably to future disruptions and ongoing crises.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 345-367
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2295368
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2295368
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# input file: TTRV_A_2266859_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Joris Beckers
Author-X-Name-First: Joris
Author-X-Name-Last: Beckers
Author-Name: Jeroen Cant
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen
Author-X-Name-Last: Cant
Title: Half a decade in two years: household freight after COVID-19
Abstract:
E-commerce growth as experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic was only expected to occur by 2025–2030. Online shopping increased in intensity and diversity. At the same time, retailers diversified their operations and opened online channels, also in sectors that previously showed reluctance to make this shift. These evolutions resulted in an expansion of household freight in terms of volume, geography, and organisation. Hence, half a decade of innovation in the e-commerce sector was needed in the span of two years. This manuscript summarises the repercussions for household freight since the pandemic's start. Given that interactions between consumers, retailers, and logistics service providers drive the e-commerce system, this manuscript combines these different literatures into a holistic framework, going beyond traditional siloed research on last-mile logistics, retail strategies, or online shopping behaviour. We found that logistics has come to the forefront: logistics service providers now need to provide tailored services and come in direct contact with consumers. As a result, we need (i) to gain insights into the new geography and dynamics of household’s freight origins and destinations; (ii) use this to re-examine existing relationships between consumer, retailer, and logistics service provider, and; (iii) assess the impact of more demanding consumers on the sustainability of the overall system.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 544-565
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2266859
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2266859
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:2:p:544-565
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# input file: TTRV_A_2225211_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Federico Cavallaro
Author-X-Name-First: Federico
Author-X-Name-Last: Cavallaro
Author-Name: Silvio Nocera
Author-X-Name-First: Silvio
Author-X-Name-Last: Nocera
Title: COVID-19 effects on transport-related air pollutants: insights, evaluations, and policy perspectives
Abstract:
This study analyses the relationship between Covid-19 and air pollutants resulting from transportation activities by addressing two research questions. First, it examines the quantitative impacts of Covid-19 on emissions/concentrations. In this case, the results are dependent on the temporal horizon and political measures introduced to control the virus. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) exhibit a strong correlation with reduced road traffic, while the influence of transportation on other criteria pollutants (CO, SO2, and PMx) is not univocally demonstrated. Second, the study analyses specific modes (e.g. air transport), systems (e.g. public transport), and sectors (e.g. freight transport). The generalised decrease in emissions is a consequence of reduced travel demand; however, this is not true for specific sectors, such as last-mile freight delivery or private flights, which show an increase in emissions. Moreover, unitary values register an increase in most cases, indicating a reduction in environmental effectiveness due to a modal shift towards private solutions and a reduction in the public transport occupancy rates. In the post-pandemic world, a significant issue arises when travel demand increases but the modal share is less responsive to returning to previous levels. Several research lines stem from these outcomes, ranging from technical issues (e.g. modelling safety perception in modal choice) to the evaluation of specific measures (e.g. curbing private mobility and adopting fuel regulations). Another promising area of research involves exploring the combination of Covid-19 with other transport-related drivers, such as automation and alternative fuels. Additionally, investigating the coherence between the effects of Covid-19 and long-term decarbonisation policies is an important research direction.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 484-517
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2225211
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2225211
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# input file: TTRV_A_2306711_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Ahmed El-Geneidy
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Geneidy
Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Title: Transport and COVID-19: where are we now?
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 245-247
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2024.2306711
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2024.2306711
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# input file: TTRV_A_2303746_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Allyson Rogers
Author-X-Name-First: Allyson
Author-X-Name-Last: Rogers
Author-Name: Evangelia Pantelaki
Author-X-Name-First: Evangelia
Author-X-Name-Last: Pantelaki
Author-Name: Rose Gilroy
Author-X-Name-First: Rose
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilroy
Author-Name: Richard Weston
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Weston
Author-Name: Ben Spencer
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Spencer
Author-Name: Carol Holland
Author-X-Name-First: Carol
Author-X-Name-Last: Holland
Author-Name: Melissa Yazdanpanahi
Author-X-Name-First: Melissa
Author-X-Name-Last: Yazdanpanahi
Title: A systematic review of older adults’ travel behaviour and mobility during COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned for sustainable transport provision and healthy aging
Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant disruptions to the travel and mobility of various population groups worldwide. These impacts were more pronounced for older adults, who, in various countries around the world, were instructed to quarantine for prolonged periods and avoid contact with others. The impact of these disruptions has been differently experienced between countries and geographical regions with levels of economic development and transport infrastructures playing a role. The aim of this article is firstly, to critically synthesise scientific literature about changes in travel behaviour and transport choices of older adults caused by the responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in various countries, secondly, highlight the main gaps in the literature and finally, provide avenues for future research and transport policies. Findings indicate inequalities in access to transport explained by built environment design and policies adopted by governments to control the pandemic, as well as socio-economic and developmental factors. The implications of these findings for transport provision and increased mobility for older adults in the post-pandemic world are outlined. Finally, we discuss the importance of active aging policies, which could create more transportation options to support older adults’ mobility needs and access in the post-COVID-19 era in both high- and low-income countries.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 405-433
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2024.2303746
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2024.2303746
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# input file: TTRV_A_2244165_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Yongling Li
Author-X-Name-First: Yongling
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Jiaoe Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Jiaoe
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on air passenger travel: a focus on empirical findings
Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the aviation sector. Correspondingly, Extensive research has explored various perspectives on the effects of the pandemic on the aviation sector. With the pandemic gradually coming to an end, it is important to conduct a detailed review of the literature and analyze past events carefully. This paper presents a systematic review of the literature on the impact of COVID-19 on air passenger travel at different stages. It identifies potential direct effects and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also investigates the two stages of the pandemic-aviation relationship, providing insights into how the relationship has evolved over time. Additionally, the research summarises key findings on the effects of COVID-19 on air travel demand and supply. These findings encompass various aspects, including travel demand, airport operations, airline operations, and network operations. The paper concludes by suggesting that ongoing analysis of the pandemic’s effects can inform future policies and measures that can help the aviation industry recover and thrive.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 461-483
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2244165
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2244165
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:2:p:461-483
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# input file: TTRV_A_2259100_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Alexa Delbosc
Author-X-Name-First: Alexa
Author-X-Name-Last: Delbosc
Author-Name: Jennifer Kent
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Kent
Title: Employee intentions and employer expectations: a mixed-methods systematic review of “post-COVID” intentions to work from home
Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated cultural and organisational acceptance of remote working. For a portion of the commuting workforce, working from home (WFH) is now possible. Of great interest is whether increased WFH will diminish actual mobility, and thereby reduce the transport task of cities. To understand this possibility, we must know how much WFH will be sustained into the future. Using a bespoke approach combining scholarly and grey literature, this review develops a tangible record of employee desires and intentions to WFH, in the context of the expectations of employers. Its contribution is a novel and rigorous appraisal of recent practices and sentiments. Results confirm that there is a strong underlying demand to WFH. Many studies, however, estimate unrealistically high rates of WFH which cannot be projected onto the wider working population. Further, we find there is a conflict between employee preferences and their expectations to WFH, with estimations of preferences far greater than estimates of expectations. This finding is confirmed by the analysis of employer sentiments. Employers broadly realise that accommodating WFH reflects a best-practice approach, yet favour predictable routines where specific days of on-site attendance are mandated. We conclude with reflections on the impact of our findings on the transport system. We propose that the impact of WFH on commuter decision-making depends on the degree to which employers mandate on-site attendance. Finally, we emphasise the need to acknowledge the wider political, economic and social milieu in which work is performed as shaping future WFH practice.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 248-271
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2259100
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2259100
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:2:p:248-271
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# input file: TTRV_A_2251684_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Ennis Marshall
Author-X-Name-First: Ennis
Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall
Author-Name: Mohammadali Shirazi
Author-X-Name-First: Mohammadali
Author-X-Name-Last: Shirazi
Author-Name: John N. Ivan
Author-X-Name-First: John N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ivan
Title: COVID-19 and transport safety
Abstract:
Transportation safety has substantially been impacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic. To contain the spread of the virus, governments around the world released guidelines (e.g. stay-at-home orders), which reduced or eliminated peoples’ daily commutes. These travel restrictions introduced new safety challenges for roadways and drivers, transit riders, and pedestrians and cyclists. Many cities, states, and countries around the world reported more severe crashes despite fewer drivers on the road. Transit ridership reduced as the risk of infection with COVID-19 kept transit users away, and walking and biking became more popular as they could be done individually in open air. This paper conducts a structured critical review to summarise and discuss studies around the world on roadway, transit, and pedestrian and bicycle safety since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. For roadway safety, we further review studies that examine the direct measures of safety (e.g. crash statistics and models) as well as indirect or surrogate measures (e.g. speeding, aggressive driving, and reduced seatbelt usage). Surrogate measures, although indirectly, can affect the risk of crashes and contribute to the increase in frequency and severity of crashes. Findings are documented and discussed. We then provide suggestions on potential avenues for future research. Particularly, research studies show that the rate of severe injury crashes, as well as aggressive driving (e.g. speeding) increased in most places during the travel restrictions, and continued even after these restrictions were lifted. The safety of pedestrians and bicycles has also become increasingly important due to the increase in the number of users of these modes.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 518-543
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2251684
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2251684
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# input file: TTRV_A_2295967_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Maximiliano Lizana
Author-X-Name-First: Maximiliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Lizana
Author-Name: Charisma Choudhury
Author-X-Name-First: Charisma
Author-X-Name-Last: Choudhury
Author-Name: David Watling
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Watling
Title: Analysing the impacts of individual-level factors on public transport usage during the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive literature review and meta-analysis
Abstract:
Public transport (PT) usage was severely impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in up to a 90% reduction in many cities in 2020. Numerous studies have been conducted since then to determine the relationship between individual-level factors (such as gender, attitudes, etc.) and the decrease in PT usage during the pandemic. Despite the evidence provided, findings are dispersed, and for several factors contradictory, making it challenging to reach any generalised conclusion. Furthermore, a comprehensive comparison of the effect sizes among travellers’ factors affecting PT use during this period is yet to be compiled. This paper aims to address these gaps by systematically reviewing the existing evidence and synthesising the effect sizes of travellers’ factors through a meta-analysis. We first identified 36 studies that statistically assessed the contribution of 15 individual-level factors on PT usage during the COVID-19 pandemic. By merging the empirical evidence of those studies, the direction of the association between those factors and PT usage was analysed. Then, after selecting comparable studies, meta-analyses were conducted for each factor to estimate the corresponding pooled effect sizes. The meta-analysis established that car availability, teleworking opportunities and high educational level contributed the most to reducing PT use during the pandemic. These factors increased the odds of reducing PT usage compared with the pre-pandemic by about three times. Factors such as COVID-19 risk perception, gender, high income and health had a moderate effect on the decision to stop using PT. PT habits, travel distance and physical accessibility also influenced PT use during the pandemic. Geographical location and the pandemic period explained part of the heterogeneity found. The findings provided in this study can help policy-makers understand the impacts of travellers’ factors on the decision to reduce PT usage during future pandemics/epidemics and guide public policies accordingly.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 434-460
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2295967
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2295967
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:2:p:434-460
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# input file: TTRV_A_2280190_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Zahra Zarabi
Author-X-Name-First: Zahra
Author-X-Name-Last: Zarabi
Author-Name: E. Owen D. Waygood
Author-X-Name-First: E. Owen D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Waygood
Author-Name: Tim Schwanen
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwanen
Title: Understanding travel mode choice through the lens of COVID-19: a systematic review of pandemic commuters
Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted travel behaviours for very large numbers of people including those who shifted to teleworking and those without the option to work from home. While there is much valuable transport research that has examined the former category, it is still unknown how certain people such as health sector employees and delivery drivers changed their physical commuting in transport contexts that were radically different from those existing normally in urban areas. Based on a systematic review of 36 scientific publications on commuting during pandemic, this study pursues a dual objective. First, by examining the interrelated institutional, physical, and socio-psychological processes that supported or hindered low-carbon transport the study revealed that (A) public transport (PT) reduced service levels and concerns related to COVID were positively associated with substantial shifts away from PT towards car and active travel; (B) this positive association was found to be even stronger in the existence of pre-pandemic habit of car use for commute and strong negative emotions like fear triggered by environmental changes and health risks. Second, by synthesising the key findings from the literature, this study provides significant implications for how mode choice is modelled through the Theory of Planned Behavior and Norm Activation Model. By questioning whether the pandemic commuters had a “normal” set of travel mode alternatives to choose from, the study draws attention to the nuances of mode “choice” versus mode “use” and moves beyond the assumption that commuting always results from individuals making choices. It also argues that the role of (negative) emotions along with the importance of proximity to, or separation from, other bodies on how people commute should be considered in future research. Finally, the crucial role of COVID-19 in changing travel-related norms and the resulting long-term implications for policy interventions require further investigation by future research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 368-404
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2280190
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2280190
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# input file: TTRV_A_2295377_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Shaila Jamal
Author-X-Name-First: Shaila
Author-X-Name-Last: Jamal
Author-Name: Antonio Paez
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Paez
Title: Socio-economic and demographic differences in the impact of COVID-19 on personal travel in the Global South
Abstract:
This paper presents the results of a scoping review concerning the state of knowledge with respect to the impacts of COVID-19 on daily personal travel in the Global South. Based on the available literature in the Global South, the paper aims to: (1) provide an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the personal daily travel of different socio-economic and demographic groups during COVID-19; (2) synthesise the literature to explore the needs of the different socio-economic and demographic groups; and (3) identify groups who received less attention in transportation research in the Global South so far. The paper reviewed 47 studies and found that while investigating personal travel during COVID-19, the most explored socio-economic and demographic attributes were sex, age, income, occupation and educational qualifications. Some regional differences were evident in terms of mode choice during COVID-19. Through the review, it is also noticeable that none of the studies explored LGBTQ+ communities’ and individuals with disabilities’ transportation needs and challenges and how COVID-19 has impacted their personal travel. Other overlooked socio-economic and demographic groups in the Global South whose personal travel during COVID-19 and the post-pandemic period needs investigation are migrant and seasonal workers, children and youths, ethnic minorities, racial minorities, religious minorities, linguistically diverse individuals, indigenous individuals, and individuals residing in rural areas.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 272-298
Issue: 2
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2295377
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2295377
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# input file: TTRV_A_2278446_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Saeed Jaydarifard
Author-X-Name-First: Saeed
Author-X-Name-Last: Jaydarifard
Author-Name: Krishna Behara
Author-X-Name-First: Krishna
Author-X-Name-Last: Behara
Author-Name: Douglas Baker
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas
Author-X-Name-Last: Baker
Author-Name: Alexander Paz
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Paz
Title: Driver fatigue in taxi, ride-hailing, and ridesharing services: a systematic review
Abstract:
Driver fatigue is a major cause of road crashes. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the potential consequences of driver fatigue in taxi (conventional and app-based), ride-hailing, and ridesharing services. Driver fatigue is likely to be significantly exacerbated in this population due to the multi-task characteristics of their jobs; thus, conducting a comprehensive study on driver fatigue in these transportation sectors is of utmost importance. This systematic review summarises the current state of knowledge about the causes and consequences of driver fatigue. We also suggested some potential control mechanisms for driver fatigue in taxi and ride-hailing services along a fatigue risk trajectory. We included studies published prior to September 2022 in three databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed) using a predefined search strategy. Eligible studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklists. A total of 18 studies met our eligibility criteria as scoped from the 414 initially identified studies. Eight contributing factors to driver fatigue were revealed including long working hours, short rest breaks, limited driving experience, job demand, poor sleep, algorithmic management, traffic congestion, and additional workload. Furthermore, our review identified risk factors for driver fatigue in taxi and ride-hailing services, including road safety, work pressure and driver’s health, optimism bias, job precariousness, and lack of additional benefits. Findings to date suggest that driver fatigue in taxi and ride-hailing industries is as serious as, or more serious than, in other transportation sectors. Understanding the working conditions of these drivers is critical to establish effective policies and practices for reducing crash-related driver fatigue.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 572-590
Issue: 3
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2278446
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2278446
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# input file: TTRV_A_2300088_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Yan Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Yan
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Liang Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Liang
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Author-Name: Jonas De Vos
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vos
Title: Travel behaviour and multimodality: a conceptual framework and critical review of research
Abstract:
Promoting alternative travel modes to private cars is a crucial aspect of sustainable transport policies. The integration of different transport modes and services, facilitated by mobile apps and payment systems, has expanded travel options and fostered multimodal travel behaviour. Despite the increasing prevalence of multimodal transport in practice, there exists a shortage of systematic academic research on this subject. This paper seeks to fill this gap by presenting an overview of key themes related to multimodality in travel behaviour, providing valuable insights for both researchers and practitioners. Leveraging an in-depth analysis of 182 relevant papers extracted from the Web of Science database, this paper intricately formulates a comprehensive conceptual framework that delves into the definition and measurement of multimodality. Furthermore, it synthesises recent perspectives and insights pertaining to the factors shaping multimodality and its socio-environmental impacts. The paper suggests several potential research directions in multimodality, including a focus on the supportive environment for multimodal behaviour (termed multimodal-oriented development, MMOD), an examination of the socio-environmental effects of multimodality and MMOD, and an investigation of regional variations in knowledge and practices related to multimodality. By exploring these research avenues, this paper aims to advance our understanding of multimodal travel behaviour and contribute to the development of effective strategies and policies promoting sustainable transportation systems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 709-730
Issue: 3
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2300088
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2300088
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# input file: TTRV_A_2278445_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Jaime Soza-Parra
Author-X-Name-First: Jaime
Author-X-Name-Last: Soza-Parra
Author-Name: Oded Cats
Author-X-Name-First: Oded
Author-X-Name-Last: Cats
Title: The role of personal motives in determining car ownership and use: a literature review
Abstract:
Car dependency leads to a variety of societal problems and challenges, not least environmental ones. It is thus not only relevant but also critical to better understand the determinants of car ownership and use. Among those contributing factors, the role of subjective factors is often acknowledged to be important, yet not well understood. We conduct a systematic review of the literature regarding the effect of such motives on car ownership and usage. Based on the commonalities found in the reviewed articles, we identify and describe the five most relevant subjective factors in detail: (i) instrumental motives and autonomy, (ii) affective motives, (iii) symbolic motives, (iv) social norms, and (v) environmental motives. We synthesise these findings in a car ownership/use motives model, discuss implications for public policy and outline directions for future research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 591-611
Issue: 3
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2278445
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2278445
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:3:p:591-611
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# input file: TTRV_A_2279219_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Johanna Takman
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Takman
Author-Name: Marta Gonzalez-Aregall
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonzalez-Aregall
Title: Public policy instruments to promote freight modal shift in Europe: evidence from evaluations
Abstract:
A modal shift of freight from road to rail and waterborne transport can contribute to reduced negative externalities (mainly air pollution) from freight transport. The purpose of this paper is to identify modal shift public policy instruments in Europe and analyse their performance based on existing ex post evaluations. This analysis identifies 93 public policy instruments, in which 20 ex post evaluations were found. The evaluations mainly consider subsidies/grants at the national level or regulations and directives at the European Union (EU) level. The results suggest that evaluations of subsidies and grants at the national level most commonly describe a positive performance, while several evaluations at the EU level describe a poor or mixed performance. Well-defined targets and simpler application processes are mentioned in several ex post evaluations as suggestions for improving the performance of modal shift policy instruments in Europe.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 612-633
Issue: 3
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2279219
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2279219
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# input file: TTRV_A_2259104_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Ana María Arbeláez Vélez
Author-X-Name-First: Ana María
Author-X-Name-Last: Arbeláez Vélez
Title: Environmental impacts of shared mobility: a systematic literature review of life-cycle assessments focusing on car sharing, carpooling, bikesharing, scooters and moped sharing
Abstract:
Evidence about the environmental impacts of shared mobility is fragmented and scattered. In this article a systematic literature review is presented. The review focuses on assessments that use Life-Cycle Assessment to quantify the environmental impacts of car sharing, carpooling, bikesharing, and scooter/moped sharing. The results of these assessments were analyzed, as well as the factors that influence these impacts. Business-to-consumer car sharing, peer-to-peer car sharing, carpooling, bikesharing, and scooter/moped sharing can all cause gains and losses in terms of changing the environmental impacts of passenger transportation. The findings presented here refute unconditional claims that shared mobility delivers environmental benefits. Factors that influence changes in environmental impacts from passenger transportation from shared mobility include travel behaviour, the design of shared mobility modes, and how such schemes are implemented, as well as the local context. Local governments and shared mobility organisations can benefit from the analysis presented here by deepening their understanding of these factors and considering the life-cycle phase where the greatest impacts are caused.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 634-658
Issue: 3
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2259104
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2259104
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:3:p:634-658
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# input file: TTRV_A_2282285_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Eleni Bardaka
Author-X-Name-First: Eleni
Author-X-Name-Last: Bardaka
Title: Transit-induced gentrification and displacement: future directions in research and practice
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 567-571
Issue: 3
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2282285
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2282285
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:3:p:567-571
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# input file: TTRV_A_2294752_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Santiago Cardona-Urrea
Author-X-Name-First: Santiago
Author-X-Name-Last: Cardona-Urrea
Author-Name: Jaime Soza-Parra
Author-X-Name-First: Jaime
Author-X-Name-Last: Soza-Parra
Author-Name: Dick Ettema
Author-X-Name-First: Dick
Author-X-Name-Last: Ettema
Title: Aerial cable cars as a transit mode: a review of technological advances, service area characteristics, and societal impacts in Latin America and the Caribbean
Abstract:
The success of the first Metrocable line in Medellín (2004) as a feeder for the Metro system served as a turning point in considering the use of aerial cable cars (ACC) as a mode of public transport in urban settlements. In the following years, 33 ACC transit lines were inaugurated in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), the majority after 2010. This review has several aims: (i) to understand the differences in aerial cableway transit (ACT) technologies; (ii) to describe the characteristics of the ACC service area for the most critical case studies in LAC and identify their role in the public transport system; and (iii) to find the essential societal benefits presented by ACC. We will follow two complementary approaches. First, the review concentrates on the most recent technological advances. Second, 24 reports were obtained from scientific databases, complemented by another 18 found using the “snowball” method. Our findings show that detachable gondolas, called aerial cable cars in the transport literature, are the most used technology as a transit mode. Furthermore, the ACC initially served as a feeder mode, serving low-income communities on hillside terrains. However, some cases are restructuring the public transport system and building a comprehensive network utilising the ACC. The empirical evidence shows that complementary projects are essential to impact less-frequent ACC users and people in the neighbourhood. Moreover, travel time and cost reductions increase accessibility and reduce inequalities, especially in the service area. Participatory budgeting may also prompt community engagement with the project, especially among low-income residents. Considering integration between transport modes (and within transit modes) in the project's early stages will also increase ridership and users’ accessibility. Future research should focus on the travel behaviour and societal impacts of ACC integrated into the structure of the public transport systems.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 684-708
Issue: 3
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2294752
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2294752
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:3:p:684-708
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# input file: TTRV_A_2283497_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Fabian Israel
Author-X-Name-First: Fabian
Author-X-Name-Last: Israel
Author-Name: Dick Ettema
Author-X-Name-First: Dick
Author-X-Name-Last: Ettema
Author-Name: Dea van Lierop
Author-X-Name-First: Dea
Author-X-Name-Last: van Lierop
Title: Mechanisms with equity implications for the (non-) adoption of electric mobility in the early stage of the energy transition
Abstract:
The need to reduce transport-related GHG emissions has led many governments to stimulate a shift from the use of traditional combustion engine vehicles to the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). While private and shared electric mobility (EM) options may have positive environmental outcomes, equity concerns regarding the adoption transition to EM are receiving increasing attention. This paper examines a number of theoretical concepts that describe the underlying processes that lead to transportation inequalities and identifies empirical evidence on EM adoption mechanisms with justice implications that sustain inequalities and potentially prevent a desired social-inclusive transition to EM. The empirical findings from the literature reviewed revealed how factors such as unequal distribution of economic incentives, charging and access to EM, power configuration of the space, and differences in personal characteristics and capabilities all play a role in EM adoption. Accordingly, the acceleration of EM diffusion without a critical evaluation might lead to undesired societal outcomes regarding social exclusion and transportation burdens. The results make evident the necessity to set social inclusion as both a goal and as a process, as one of the main strategic targets, along with the urgency for decarbonisation, in the current early stage of the transition to EM.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 659-683
Issue: 3
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2283497
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2283497
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:3:p:659-683
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# input file: TTRV_A_2289382_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Ahmed El-Geneidy
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Geneidy
Title: Shifting gears: Toward a new way of thinking about transportation
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 731-732
Issue: 3
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2289382
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2289382
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:3:p:731-732
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# input file: TTRV_A_2313969_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Mustafa Rezazada
Author-X-Name-First: Mustafa
Author-X-Name-Last: Rezazada
Author-Name: Neema Nassir
Author-X-Name-First: Neema
Author-X-Name-Last: Nassir
Author-Name: Egemen Tanin
Author-X-Name-First: Egemen
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanin
Author-Name: Avishai (Avi) Ceder
Author-X-Name-First: Avishai (Avi)
Author-X-Name-Last: Ceder
Title: Bus bunching: a comprehensive review from demand, supply, and decision-making perspectives
Abstract:
Public transport service reliability is crucial for all stakeholders, including users, operators, and society. Bus bunching, where two or more buses on the same route travel closely together, significantly undermines service reliability. This paper reviews bus bunching, its causes and consequences, and control strategies from demand, supply, and decision-making perspectives. It identifies gaps in the literature, emphasising the need for realistic evaluations of control methods and real-world applications. The paper reveals that most bunching solutions prioritise operators over public transport users, and the trade-offs posed by these methods require further examinations. Hybrid methods combining holding with other measures have outperformed standalone holding methods but need real-world testing. User-centric approaches, such as encouraging and incentivising passengers to choose less crowded vehicles or wait, have demonstrated some potential in alleviating service bunching. However, their effectiveness in real-world applications present important research directions. In summary, the practical classification and framework presented in this review can assist policymakers in making informed and optimised decisions by considering various variables and performance measures involved in the process, and in finding balanced solutions for passenger and operator.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 766-790
Issue: 4
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2024.2313969
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2024.2313969
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:4:p:766-790
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# input file: TTRV_A_2322434_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Angela Stefania Bergantino
Author-X-Name-First: Angela Stefania
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergantino
Author-Name: Alessandro Gardelli
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Gardelli
Author-Name: Lucia Rotaris
Author-X-Name-First: Lucia
Author-X-Name-Last: Rotaris
Title: Assessing transport network resilience: empirical insights from real-world data studies
Abstract:
Determining the factors that positively and negatively affect the resilience of transport networks provides valuable information that leads to a deeper understanding of the preparedness and response of networks to external disruptions. Over the past few decades, several review papers have explored various interpretations of transport network resilience and its calculation metrics. Nevertheless, only a limited number of these papers have paid attention on the utilisation of empirical data in resilience studies. This paper, through a systematic literature review, contributes to filling this gap. To this end, from a pool of 127 relevant articles, a subset of 53 articles using real-world data was selected. The paper analyses and classifies empirical findings in transport network resilience studies. In particular, it highlights and thoroughly discusses spatial patterns of resilience and relevant influencing factors that positively or negatively affect the resilience attributes of a transport network. Although it is possible to place the empirical results within the theoretical framework proposed by the literature, two main issues on target reference levels arise from the graphical representation of transport network resilience as suggested by the theory. Based on these findings, research gaps are identified and future directions for transport researchers are proposed.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 834-857
Issue: 4
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2024.2322434
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2024.2322434
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:4:p:834-857
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# input file: TTRV_A_2322430_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Sihyun Yoo
Author-X-Name-First: Sihyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Yoo
Author-Name: Bert van Wee
Author-X-Name-First: Bert
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee
Author-Name: Eric Molin
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Molin
Title: Long distance accessibility by air transportation: a literature review
Abstract:
Air transportation is a mode of transport developed specifically to provide access to long-distance destinations that may otherwise be infeasible or at least more difficult to reach. Accordingly, there are distinct aspects of air travel that require consideration when assessing accessibility by air transportation, which are not addressed in general local accessibility studies. This paper reviews studies of accessibility by air transportation. The studies in question were published in academic journals, and we analysed them using the broad theoretical framework of accessibility of Geurs and van Wee [Accessibility evaluation of land-use and transport strategies: Review and research directions. Journal of Transport Geography, 12(2), 127–140]. We discuss the characteristics of accessibility by air transportation to consider when designing research, as well as trends and knowledge gaps in the existing literature. An important gap is that, while there is a growing interest towards perceived accessibility by air transportation, accessibility measures based on this perspective have not yet been applied yet. Additionally, the literature is largely focused on the transport and land-use components of accessibility as opposed to the individual and temporal components. We finish by discussing the benefits and drawbacks of directly applying conventional accessibility measures for research on accessibility by air transportation, as well as options to modify the temporal component of conventional person-based accessibility measures for better applicability in the air travel context.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 811-833
Issue: 4
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2024.2322430
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2024.2322430
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:4:p:811-833
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# input file: TTRV_A_2297454_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Huyen T. K. Le
Author-X-Name-First: Huyen T. K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Le
Author-Name: Age Poom
Author-X-Name-First: Age
Author-X-Name-Last: Poom
Title: Advancing environmental exposure and health impact assessment research with travel behaviour studies
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 733-742
Issue: 4
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2023.2297454
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2023.2297454
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# input file: TTRV_A_2337880_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Peter Schön
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Schön
Author-Name: Eva Heinen
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Heinen
Author-Name: Bendik Manum
Author-X-Name-First: Bendik
Author-X-Name-Last: Manum
Title: A scoping review on cycling network connectivity and its effects on cycling
Abstract:
There is growing recognition of the importance of a well-connected cycling infrastructure. Common connectivity measures apply aggregate area-based metrics, such as the number of streets per transportation analysis zone or census area. However, such measures capture cyclist movement insufficiently, as cyclist movement easily extends beyond areas, and variations in the sizes and shapes of areas lead to inconsistent outcomes. In contrast to area-based connectivity, network connectivity considers the connectivity of the entire cycling network, capturing the continuity or discontinuity of routes. Certain measures can account for other important aspects, such as topology and the relative importance of individual links in large networks. Although previous reviews have covered several aspects of cycling infrastructure, no review has been dedicated to the measures, methods and models applied to assess network connectivity or the impact of increased network connectivity on cycling behaviour. We conduct a scoping review of measures, methods, models, and data sources to assess cycling network connectivity and review associations between network connectivity and travel behaviour. The findings suggest an increase in the number of publications on network connectivity up to 2019, followed by a plateau in the number of studies but with more complex methods. However, that complexity may constitute a barrier to practical implementation. We conclude that empirical verifications regarding the effects of network connectivity on travel behaviour remain a research gap, even in high-cycling countries, with evidence further limited by limited link-level travel data. Future research should also focus on developing more consistent and validated metrics.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 912-936
Issue: 4
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2024.2337880
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2024.2337880
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:4:p:912-936
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# input file: TTRV_A_2336921_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Dina Kanaan
Author-X-Name-First: Dina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanaan
Author-Name: Mattea Powell
Author-X-Name-First: Mattea
Author-X-Name-Last: Powell
Author-Name: Michael Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Author-Name: Birsen Donmez
Author-X-Name-First: Birsen
Author-X-Name-Last: Donmez
Title: In-vehicle displays for driving automation: a scoping review of display design and evaluation using driver gaze measures
Abstract:
Recent research has extensively examined in-vehicle display designs for supporting the operation of driving automation. As automation relieves drivers from various driving tasks including vehicle control (e.g. steering, accelerating, and braking), driving performance measures (e.g. speed, lane deviations) may not be informative indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of in-vehicle displays. Gaze-based measures are a better alternative given their link to driver visual attention, an indication of driver engagement. A scoping review was conducted to review the literature on the design of displays for supporting the operation of driving automation and the evaluation of these displays using gaze-based measures. Forty-three articles were included in the review. Most of the studies investigated visual (and mixed visual-auditory) displays that provide alerts to the driver for when to intervene automation classified as Level 3. The adopted gaze measures mostly relied on static areas of interest (AOIs), with fewer studies looking at more fine-grained, context dependent AOIs. The paper summarises the findings of the review, including research trends and gaps, as well as recommendations for future research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 858-888
Issue: 4
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2024.2336921
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2024.2336921
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:4:p:858-888
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# input file: TTRV_A_2325453_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Xue Li
Author-X-Name-First: Xue
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Kum Fai Yuen
Author-X-Name-First: Kum Fai
Author-X-Name-Last: Yuen
Title: A human-centred review on maritime autonomous surfaces ships: impacts, responses, and future directions
Abstract:
Maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) are transforming the future of maritime transport. They are expected to shoulder important roles in seaborne trade and maritime resilience. As the primary operator of traditional ships and a significant component of maritime transport, seafarers are inevitably directly and indirectly affected by levels of automation introduced into the shipping space. Therefore, in addition to increasing attention to automated system designs, a holistic understanding of human elements in MASS operations is necessary. The current research (1) reviews human-centred MASS research, (2) categorises MASS impacts on seafarers, and (3) summarises responses to prepare seafarers for this emerging technology. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, a total of 101 articles were collected from Scopus. The systematic review reveals that MASS impacts seafarers from the following dimensions: employment, task contents, requisite skills, and human risks. Moreover, regulations and education frameworks can be adapted to respond to changes in seafarer demand and supply. Future research directions are also proposed and can serve as recommendations for future human-centred research on MASS. The research findings enhance the understanding of seafarer elements in MASS operations and provide policy implications for future seafarer management.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 791-810
Issue: 4
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2024.2325453
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2024.2325453
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:4:p:791-810
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# input file: TTRV_A_2305202_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Farah Ghizzawi
Author-X-Name-First: Farah
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghizzawi
Author-Name: Alia Galal
Author-X-Name-First: Alia
Author-X-Name-Last: Galal
Author-Name: Matthew J. Roorda
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Roorda
Title: Modelling parking behaviour of commercial vehicles: a scoping review
Abstract:
Parking in dense urban areas is a major challenge for last mile logistics. Parking shortage and policies that do not address commercial vehicles’ needs often lead these vehicles to park illegally. This paper conducts a scoping literature review on the parking behaviours of commercial freight and service vehicles, methods used to model these behaviours, and factors that determine their outcomes. Thirty-four studies are included in the review. It is found that commercial vehicles’ parking behaviours mainly comprise parking location and type choices including illegal parking, parking duration, and parking cruising. Methods used to model these behaviours primarily include discrete-choice modelling, regression analysis, survival analysis and simulation. We identify key knowledge gaps and provide insights on research opportunities in modelling more complex parking decisions, investigating parking cruising of commercial vehicles, evaluating the implications of freight demand management, and developing data fusion techniques.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 743-765
Issue: 4
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2024.2305202
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2024.2305202
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:4:p:743-765
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# input file: TTRV_A_2345623_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Artemis Tsiopa
Author-X-Name-First: Artemis
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsiopa
Author-Name: Philippe Gerber
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerber
Author-Name: Geoffrey Caruso
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Caruso
Title: Framing the cross-border commuting literature: a systematic review and bibliographic analysis
Abstract:
Commuting, the spatial mismatch between work and residential locations, necessitates integrated urban and transport policies to mitigate its societal impacts. While cross-border commuting (CBC) is increasing and governance of border regions is on the rise beyond national borders, no systemic review of this specific commuting pattern exists. We aim to consolidate the CBC literature accumulated over the years into a coherent and synthetic framework. Our systematic review assembles an inaugural comprehensive corpus of cross-border commuting literature. It reveals three transversal key topics (transport-oriented topic, qualitative approaches versus a lack of quantitative data, and a large majority of European papers) and four sub-topics (patterns, determinants, impacts and policies). Moreover, we consolidate findings through meticulous mapping of evidence, where most links are traced between the determinants and the level of flows across borders. Finally, the discussion offers directions for future research, with an exhortation to explicitly link policies to sustainability and social concerns, and the necessity for standardised datasets for methodological comparability across cases and in alignment with general commuting research.
Journal: Transport Reviews
Pages: 889-911
Issue: 4
Volume: 44
Year: 2024
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2024.2345623
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01441647.2024.2345623
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Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:44:y:2024:i:4:p:889-911