{smcl}
{* Michael Crowther 08aug2011 }{...}
{hline}
{cmd:help survsim}{right: }
{hline}

{title:Title}

{p2colset 5 18 20 2}{...}
{p2col :{cmd:survsim} {hline 2}}Simulate survival data{p_end}
{p2colreset}{...}


{title:Syntax}

{phang2}
{cmd: survsim} {it:newvarname1} [{it:newvarname2}] [{cmd:,} {it:options}]


{synoptset 34}{...}
{synopthdr}
{synoptline}
{synopt:{opt n(int)}} specifies the number of survival times to generate. Default is _N.{p_end}
{synopt:{opt lambdas(numlist)}} scale parameters for Weibull distributions.{p_end}
{synopt:{opt gammas(numlist)}} shape parameters for Weibull distributions.{p_end}
{synopt:{opt cov:ariates(string)}} baseline covariates and coefficient values to include in the survival model.{p_end}
{synopt:{opt centol(real)}} set the tolerance for the Newton-Raphson scheme. Default is 0.0001.{p_end}

{syntab:2-component mixture}
{synopt:{opt mixture}} simulate survival times from a 2-component mixture Weibull model.{p_end}
{synopt:{opt pm:ix(real)}} mixture parameter. Default is 0.5.{p_end}

{syntab:Competing risks}
{synopt:{opt cr}} simulate times from cause-specific hazards.{p_end}
{synopt:{opt ncr(int)}} specifies the number of competing risks.{p_end}
{synoptline}
{p2colreset}{...}


{title:Description}

{pstd}{cmd:survsim} generates survival times from a variety of Weibull based distributions. Newton-Raphson iterations are used to generate survival 
times under a {cmd:mixture} or {cmd:cr} model. {it:varname1} specifies the variable name to contain the generated survival times. {it:varname2} 
is required when generating competing risks data to create the status indicator.{p_end}

{title:Options}

{phang}{opt n} specifies the number of survival times to generate. If {cmd:n} is less than _N, then _N times will be generated.{p_end}

{phang}{opt lambdas} defines the scale parameters in the Weibull distributions. The number of values needed depends on the model choice. Default is a single number. Under a 
{cmd:mixture} model 2 values are required, under a competing risks, {cmd:cr}, model the number of values are defined by {cmd:ncr}.{p_end}

{phang}{opt gammas} defines the shape parameters of the Weibull distributions. Number of entries must be equal to that of {cmd:lambdas}{p_end}

{phang}{opt covariates} defines baseline covariates to be included in the linear predictor of the survival model, along with the value of the corresponding coefficient. For example
 a treatent variable coded 0/1 can be included, with a log hazard ratio of 0.5, by {cmd:covariates}(treat 0.5). Variable treat must be in the dataset before {cmd:survsim} is run.{p_end}

{phang}{opt centol} specifies the tolerance of the Newton-Raphson scheme. Default is 0.0001.{p_end}

{dlgtab:Mixture model}

{phang}{opt mixture} specifies that survival times are simulated from a 2-component mixture Weibull distribution. {cmd:lambdas} and {cmd:gammas} must be of length 2.{p_end}

{phang}{opt pmix} defines the mixture parameter. Default is 0.5.{p_end}

{dlgtab:Competing risks}

{phang}{opt cr} specifies that survival times are simulated from the all-cause distribution from {cmd:ncr} cause-specific hazards.{p_end}

{phang}{opt ncr} defines the number of competing risks. {cmd:lambdas} and {cmd:gammas} must be of length {cmd:ncr}.{p_end}

{title:Remarks}

{pstd}On rare occasions the Newton-Raphson scheme may not always converge. The user should experiment with appropriate parameter values and tolerance levels.{p_end}

{title:Examples}

{pstd}Generate times from a Weibull model{p_end}
{phang}{cmd:. survsim stime, n(1000) lambdas(0.1) gammas(1.5)}{p_end}

{pstd}Generate times from a 2-component mixture Weibull model{p_end}
{phang}{cmd:. survsim stime, n(1000) mixture lambdas(0.1 0.05) gammas(1 1.5) pmix(0.5)}{p_end}

{pstd}Generate times from a competing risks model with 4 cause-specific hazards{p_end}
{phang}{cmd:. survsim stime status, n(1000) cr ncr(4) lambdas(0.1 0.05 0.1 0.05) gammas(0.5 1.5 1 1.2)}{p_end}

{pstd}Generate times from a Weibull model including a binary treatment variable, with log(hazard ratio) = -0.5{p_end}
{phang}{cmd:. gen trt = rbinomial(1,0.5)}{p_end}
{phang}{cmd:. survsim stime, n(1000) lambdas(0.1) gammas(1.5) cov(trt -0.5)}{p_end}
{phang}{cmd:. gen died=1}{p_end}
{phang}{cmd:. stset stime, f(died)}{p_end}
{phang}{cmd:. streg trt, dist(weibull) nohr}{p_end}

{title:References}

{phang}Bender, R.; Augustin, T. and Blettner, M. Generating survival times to simulate Cox proportional hazards models. Stat Med, 2005, 24, 1713-1723{p_end}

{phang}Beyersmann, J.; Latouche, A.; Buchholz, A. & Schumacher, M. Simulating competing risks data in survival analysis. Stat Med, 2009, 28, 956-971{p_end}

{title:Authors}

{pstd}Michael J. Crowther, University of Leicester, United Kingdom. {browse "mailto:mjc76@le.ac.uk":mjc76@le.ac.uk}.{p_end}

{phang}Please report any errors you may find.{p_end}

