help for triss
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Title

    triss -- A Trauma and Injury Severity Score


Version

    Version 3.0.

    ICDPIC Version 3.0 requires STATA 8.0 or higher.  ICDPIC Version 3.0 has
    been tested in STATA 10 and STATA 11, but the authors believe it should
    also work without incident in STATA 8 and STATA 9.  If you have any
    problems using ICDPIC Version 3.0 in STATA 8 or STATA 9, please inform
    the authors.

    ICDPIC Version 3.0 may be installed from within STATA using the ssc
    command.  If you installed a previous version of ICDPIC from the SSC
    archives website using the ssc command, we suggest that you first delete
    it by typing ssc uninstall icdpic followed by ssc install icdpic.
    Alternatively, you may use ssc install icdpic, replace.  See help for 
    ssc.

    If you installed any previous ICDPIC files obtained directly from the
    authors, please delete them ALL (.ado, .hlp and .dta files) to avoid any
    conflicts with ICDPIC 3.0 files.

    Please enter complete variable names in the ICDPIC Version 3.0 dialog
    boxes.  Do not use abbreviations.

    New to Version 3.0 is the addition of a dialog box (.dlg) file associated
    with each individual ICDPIC Version 3.0 program (.ado) file.  To access
    the ICDPIC dialog box, and all the ICDPIC programs, type: db icdpic.
    Typing icdpic, as in earlier versions, will still work, but ONLY with
    icdpic.  For example, to access the TRISS program directly, type: db
    triss.  Typing triss, as in previous versions, will produce an error.

    Fixed in ICDPIC Version 3.0 is the ability to use path\file names
    containing spaces.

    Fixed in ICDPIC Version 3.0 is the ability to run in STATA 11.0.

    Fixed in ICDPIC Version 3.0 is a bug that caused the triss program to
    crash if the rts variable was named anything other than "rts".

    New in ICDPIC Version 3.0 (trauma program only) is the ability to choose
    whether an AIS value of 6 automatically forces an ISS of 75 or to
    automatically have all AIS values of 6 changed to an AIS value of 5 and
    then have the ISS calculated normally.

    All dialog boxes in ICDPIC Version 3.0 have memory.  Each time a dialog
    box is opened within the same STATA session, it will remember the values
    last entered.

    All dialog boxes in ICDPIC Version 3.0 have the following buttons:

      OK executes the program and removes the dialog box from the screen.

      SUBMIT executes the program and leaves the dialog box on the screen.
             Note that if an error message is generated the dialog box may be
             minimized.

      CANCEL removes the dialog box from the screen and does nothing.
             Clicking on the close icon of the dialog box does the same
             thing.

      HELP leaves the dialog box on the screen and presents the program help
           file.  The HELP button has a question mark on it.

      COPY leaves the dialog box on the screen and copies the program command
           to the clipboard.

      RESET resets the values of the controls in the dialog box to their
            initial state, just as if the dialog box were invoked for the
            first time.  Each time a user invokes a dialog box, its controls
            will be filled in with the values the user last entered.  RESET
            restores the control values to their defaults.  The RESET button
            has an R on it.


Syntax

        db triss

    The TRISS (A Trauma and Injury Severity Score) dialog box will open.
    Follow the instructions.

                                      OR

        db icdpic

    The ICDPIC dialog box will open.  Choose TRISS and click OK or Submit.
    The TRISS (A Trauma and Injury Severity Score) dialog box will open.
    dialog box will open.  Follow the instructions.


Description

    triss estimates patient survival probability,


                              Ps = 1/(1 + exp(-J))


    where


                     J = j1 + j2(RTS) + j3(ISS) + j4(cage)


    RTS is the revised trauma score, ISS is the injury severity score and
    cage is the patients coded age value.  The j values are constants in the
    equation, but differ depending on whether the patient sustained blunt or
    penetrating trauma.

    See also the Options and Remarks sections for IMPORTANT information on,
    and requirements for, triss.


Options

    TRISS coefficients found in the TRISS (A Trauma and Injury Severity
    Score) dialog box are the original MTOS weights.  If the user has their
    own database and wishes to calculate their own weights, or use weights
    provided by others, they need only to substitute those weights in the
    TRISS (A Trauma and Injury Severity Score) dialog box.


Remarks

    The user should first run trauma on his/her data to add injury severity
    score and blunt\penetrating trauma variables.  See help for trauma for
    descriptions and names of these variables.  The user should then run rts
    on his/her data to add the revised trauma score variable.  See help for 
    rts for a description and name of this variable.  Finally, the user's
    data should have an age variable of type integer.

    triss adds the following variables to a new copy of the user's data
    stored on disk:


        ps_triss: TRISS survival probability
        tcage: TRISS coded age value (0 if the patient is <= 54 and 1
            otherwise)
        JB: the J term in the equation: Ps = 1/(1 + exp(-J)) for patients
            with blunt trauma
        JP: the J term in the equation: Ps = 1/(1 + exp(-J)) for patients
            with penetrating trauma


    This TRISS algorithm makes no distinction between adult and pediatric
    patients.

    TRISS survival probability (variable ps_triss) is only calculated if all
    necessary variables for its calculation contain valid and non missing
    values.

    Variables JB, JP and ps_triss are rounded to the nearest 0.0001.

    TRISS survival probabilities (variable ps_triss} that are equal, or round
    to, 0.0000 or 1.0000 are replaced with 0.0001 and 0.9999 respectively.


Examples

    None

Authors

    David E. Clark, M.D.

        Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA
        University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
        Harvard Injury Control Research Center, Harvard School of Public
            Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

        Correspondence to Dr. Clark,
        887 Congress Street, Portland ME 04102
        Email:  clarkd@mmc.org

    Turner M. Osler, M.D.

        University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA

    David R. Hahn

        Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA


References

    Boyd CR, Tolson MA, Copes WS. Evaluating trauma care: The TRISS method.
        Trauma Score and the Injury Severity Score.  J Trauma
        1987;27:370-378.

    Champion HR, Sacco WJ. Trauma risk assessment: Review of severity scales.
        Emergency Medicine Annual 1983;2:43-71.


Also see

    help for trauma

    help for rts

    help for icdpic

    help for triss