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01 Agriculture and Rural Development

02 Aid Effectiveness

03 Economy and Growth

04 Education

05 Energy and Mining

06 Environment

07 Financial Sector

08 Health

09 Infrastructure

10 Social Protection and Labor

11 Poverty

12 Private Sector

13 Public Sector

14 Science and Technology

15 Social Development

16 Urban Development

17 Gender

18 Millenium development goals

19 Climate Change

20 External Debt

21 Trade

topicID

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06 Environment

AG.LND.AGRI.ZS - Agricultural land (% of land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), tempora

Source Organization FAO electronic files and web site, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

AG.LND.ARBL.ZS - Arable land (% of land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned

Source Organization FAO electronic files and website, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

AG.LND.EL5M.RU.K2 - Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Rural land area below 5m is the total rural land area in square kilometers where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.LND.EL5M.RU.ZS - Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Rural land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the rural land elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.LND.EL5M.UR.K2 - Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Urban land area below 5m is the total urban land area in square kilometers where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.LND.EL5M.UR.ZS - Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Urban land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the urban land elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.LND.EL5M.ZS - Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.LND.FRST.K2 - Forest area (sq. km)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes data/RL, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Source Organization FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/

AG.LND.FRST.ZS - Forest area (% of land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes data/RL, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Source Organization FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/

AG.LND.PRCP.MM - Average precipitation in depth (mm per year)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Average precipitation is the long-term average in depth (over space and time) of annual precipitation in the country. Precipitation is defined as any kind of water that falls from clouds as a liquid or a solid.

Source Organization FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

AG.LND.TOTL.K2 - Land area (sq. km)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes data/RL, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Source Organization FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/

AG.LND.TOTL.RU.K2 - Rural land area (sq. km)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Rural land area in square kilometers, derived from urban extent grids which distinguish urban and rural areas based on a combination of population counts (persons), settlement points, and the presence of Nighttime Lights. Areas are defined as

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 2, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.LND.TOTL.UR.K2 - Urban land area (sq. km)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Urban land area in square kilometers, based on a combination of population counts (persons), settlement points, and the presence of nighttime lights. Areas are defined as urban where contiguous lighted cells from the nighttime lights or approx

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 2, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.SRF.TOTL.K2 - Surface area (sq. km)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Surface area is a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways.

Source Organization FAO electronic files and web site, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

EE.BOD.TOTL.KG - Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day)

Source 11 Africa Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organ

Source Organization 1998 study by Hemamala Hettige, Muthukumara Mani, and David Wheeler, Industrial Pollution in Economic Development: Kuznets Revisited (available at http://www.worldbank.org/nipr). The data were updated by the World Bank's Development Research Group us

EG.CFT.ACCS.RU.ZS - Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, rural (% of rural population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, rural is the proportion of rural population primarily using clean cooking fuels and technologies for cooking. Under WHO guidelines, kerosene is excluded from clean cooking fuels.

Source Organization Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report, International Energy Agency (IEA), note: License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO);

EG.CFT.ACCS.UR.ZS - Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, urban (% of urban population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, urban is the proportion of urban population primarily using clean cooking fuels and technologies for cooking. Under WHO guidelines, kerosene is excluded from clean cooking fuels.

Source Organization Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report, International Energy Agency (IEA), note: License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO);

EG.CFT.ACCS.ZS - Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking is the proportion of total population primarily using clean cooking fuels and technologies for cooking. Under WHO guidelines, kerosene is excluded from clean cooking fuels.

Source Organization Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report, International Energy Agency (IEA), International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), United Nations Statistical Division (UNSD), World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO), uri: https://trackingsdg7.es

EG.EGY.PRIM.PP.KD - Energy intensity level of primary energy (MJ/$2021 PPP GDP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Energy intensity level of primary energy is the ratio between energy supply and gross domestic product measured at purchasing power parity. Energy intensity is an indication of how much energy is used to produce one unit of economic output. Lo

Source Organization Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report, International Energy Agency (IEA), note: License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO);

EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS - Access to electricity (% of population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.

Source Organization SDG 7.1.1 Electrification Dataset, World Bank (WB), uri: https://trackingsdg7.esmap.org/downloads, note: Data is downloaded from ESMAP website. Data is released when a new Tracking SDG7 report is released., publisher: World Bank (WB), date acc

EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS - Electricity production from oil, gas and coal sources (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes The share of electricity production from oil. gas and coal sources of total electricity production. Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products. Gas refers to natural

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.ELC.RNEW.ZS - Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Renewable electricity is the share of electrity generated by renewable power plants in total electricity generated by all types of plants.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.ELC.RNWX.KH - Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Electricity production from renewable sources in kilowatt-hour (kWh), excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.ELC.RNWX.ZS - Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes The share of electricity production from renewable sources of total electricity production. Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS - Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.NSF.ACCS.ZS - Access to non-solid fuel (% of population)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Access to non-solid fuel is the percentage of population with access to non-solid fuel.

Source Organization World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from WHO Global Household Energy database.

EN.ATM.CO2E.EG.ZS - CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.GF.KT - CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.GF.ZS - CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.KD.GD - CO2 emissions (kg per 2010 US$ of GDP)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Source Organization Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions. See NY.GDP.MKTP.KD for the denominator's source.

EN.ATM.CO2E.KT - CO2 emissions (kt)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.CO2E.LF.KT - CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.LF.ZS - CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.PC - CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Source Organization Emissions data are sourced from Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.CO2E.PP.GD - CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Source Organization Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions. See NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD for the denominator's source.

EN.ATM.CO2E.PP.GD.KD - CO2 emissions (kg per 2011 PPP $ of GDP)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Source Organization Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions. See NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.KD for the denominator's source.

EN.ATM.CO2E.SF.KT - CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.SF.ZS - CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.GHGO.KT.CE - Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.GHGO.ZG - Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.GHGT.KT.CE - Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Total greenhouse gas emissions in kt of CO2 equivalent are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and savanna burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-bu

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.GHGT.ZG - Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Total greenhouse gas emissions are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and savanna burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-burn decay, peat fires and

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.HFCG.KT.CE - HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Hydrofluorocarbons, used as a replacement for chlorofluorocarbons, are used mainly in refrigeration and semiconductor manufacturing.

Source Organization European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

EN.ATM.METH.AG.KT.CE - Agricultural methane emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Agricultural methane emissions are emissions from animals, animal waste, rice production, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savanna burning.

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.METH.AG.ZS - Agricultural methane emissions (% of total)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Agricultural methane emissions are emissions from animals, animal waste, rice production, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savanna burning.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.METH.EG.KT.CE - Methane emissions in energy sector (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Methane emissions from energy processes are emissions from the production, handling, transmission, and combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels.

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.METH.EG.ZS - Energy related methane emissions (% of total)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Methane emissions from energy processes are emissions from the production, handling, transmission, and combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.METH.IN.ZS - Energy related methane emissions (% of total)

Source 11 Africa Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Industrial methane emissions are emissions from the handling, transmission, and combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels.

Source Organization International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp).

EN.ATM.METH.KT.CE - Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production.

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.METH.ZG - Methane emissions (% change from 1990)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.NOXE.AG.KT.CE - Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions are emissions produced through fertilizer use (synthetic and animal manure), animal waste management, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savanna burning.

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.NOXE.AG.ZS - Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions (% of total)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions are emissions produced through fertilizer use (synthetic and animal manure), animal waste management, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savanna burning.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.NOXE.EG.KT.CE - Nitrous oxide emissions in energy sector (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Nitrous oxide emissions from energy processes are emissions produced by the combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels.

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.NOXE.EG.ZS - Nitrous oxide emissions in energy sector (% of total)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Nitrous oxide emissions from energy processes are emissions produced by the combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.NOXE.IN.ZS - Nitrous oxide emissions in industrial and energy processes (% of total nitrous oxide emissions)

Source 11 Africa Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Industrial nitrous oxide emissions are emissions produced during the manufacturing of adipic acid and nitric acid.

Source Organization International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp).

EN.ATM.NOXE.KT.CE - Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management.

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.NOXE.ZG - Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.PFCG.KT.CE - PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Perfluorocarbons, used as a replacement for chlorofluorocarbons in manufacturing semiconductors, are a byproduct of aluminum smelting and uranium enrichment.

Source Organization European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 - PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Population-weighted exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution is defined as the average level of exposure of a nation's population to concentrations of suspended particles measuring less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter, which are capable of

Source Organization Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) Air Pollution Exposure Estimates 1990-2021, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), uri: https://ghdx.healthdata.org/record/ihme-data/gbd-2021-air-pollution-exposure-estimates-1990-202

EN.ATM.PM25.MC.T1.ZS - PM2.5 pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO Interim Target-1 value (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Percent of population exposed to ambient concentrations of PM2.5 that exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) Interim Target 1 (IT-1) is defined as the portion of a country’s population living in places where mean annual concentrations of

Source Organization Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017), Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), uri: https://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2017, publisher: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), date published: 202112

EN.ATM.PM25.MC.T2.ZS - PM2.5 pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO Interim Target-2 value (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Percent of population exposed to ambient concentrations of PM2.5 that exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) Interim Target 2 (IT-2) is defined as the portion of a country’s population living in places where mean annual concentrations of

Source Organization Brauer, M. et al. 2017, for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

EN.ATM.PM25.MC.T3.ZS - PM2.5 pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO Interim Target-3 value (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Percent of population exposed to ambient concentrations of PM2.5 that exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) Interim Target 3 (IT-3) is defined as the portion of a country’s population living in places where mean annual concentrations of

Source Organization Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017), Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), uri: https://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2017, publisher: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), date published: 202112

EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS - PM2.5 air pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO guideline value (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Percent of population exposed to ambient concentrations of PM2.5 that exceed the WHO guideline value is defined as the portion of a country’s population living in places where mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 are greater than 10 microgram

Source Organization Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017), Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), uri: https://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2017, publisher: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), date published: 202112

EN.ATM.SF6G.KT.CE - SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Sulfur hexafluoride is used largely to insulate high-voltage electric power equipment.

Source Organization European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

EN.BIR.THRD.NO - Bird species, threatened

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.

Source Organization The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), uri: https://www.iucnredlist.org/;

EN.CLC.DRSK.XQ - Disaster risk reduction progress score (1-5 scale; 5=best)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Disaster risk reduction progress score is an average of self-assessment scores, ranging from 1 to 5, submitted by countries under Priority 1 of the Hyogo Framework National Progress Reports. The Hyogo Framework is a global blueprint for disast

Source Organization 2009-2011 Progress Reports, UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR), uri: http://www.preventionweb.net/english/hyogo

EN.CLC.GHGR.MT.CE - GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF refers to changes in atmospheric levels of all greenhouse gases attributable to forest and land-use change activities, including but not limited to (1) emissions and removals of CO2 from decreases or increase

Source Organization United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

EN.CLC.MDAT.ZS - Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Droughts, floods and extreme temperatures is the annual average percentage of the population that is affected by natural disasters classified as either droughts, floods, or extreme temperature events. A drought is an extended period of time ch

Source Organization EM-DAT The International Disaster Database, Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) - Université Catholique de Louvain, uri: https://www.emdat.be/

EN.CO2.BLDG.ZS - CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services contains all emissions from fuel combustion in households. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 4 b. Commercial and public services includes emissions fro

Source Organization IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics), subject to https://www.iea.org/terms/

EN.CO2.ETOT.ZS - CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (% of total fuel combustion)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production is the sum of three IEA categories of CO2 emissions: (1) Main Activity Producer Electricity and Heat which contains the sum of emissions from main activity producer electricity generation, com

Source Organization IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics), subject to https://www.iea.org/terms/

EN.CO2.MANF.ZS - CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction (% of total fuel combustion)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction contains the emissions from combustion of fuels in industry. The IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 2 includes these emissions. However, in the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, the IPCC category als

Source Organization IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics), subject to https://www.iea.org/terms/

EN.CO2.OTHX.ZS - CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes CO2 emissions from other sectors, less residential buildings and commercial and public services, contains the emissions from commercial/institutional activities, residential, agriculture/forestry, fishing and other emissions not specified else

Source Organization IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics), subject to https://www.iea.org/terms/

EN.CO2.TRAN.ZS - CO2 emissions from transport (% of total fuel combustion)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes CO2 emissions from transport contains emissions from the combustion of fuel for all transport activity, regardless of the sector, except for international marine bunkers and international aviation. This includes domestic aviation, domestic nav

Source Organization IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics), subject to https://www.iea.org/terms/

EN.FSH.THRD.NO - Fish species, threatened

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Fish species are based on Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.

Source Organization FishBase database, Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds)., uri: https://www.fishbase.org/, date published: 2008

EN.GHG.ALL.LU.MT.CE.AR5 - Total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6)) from th

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5 - Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6)) from th

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.ALL.PC.CE.AR5 - Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Total annual emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6)) from the energ

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CH4.AG.MT.CE.AR5 - Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of methane (CH4), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agricultural sector. This includes emissions from livestock (IPCC 2006 codes 3.A.1 (enteric fermentation, 3.a.2 (manure management) and crops

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CH4.BU.MT.CE.AR5 - Methane (CH4) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of methane (CH4), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the building sector (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 codes 1.A.4 Residential and other sectors, 1.A.5 Non-Specified. The meas

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CH4.FE.MT.CE.AR5 - Methane (CH4) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of methane (CH4), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from fugitive emissions (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 codes 1.A.1.bc Petroleum Refining - Manufacture of Solid Fuels and Other

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CH4.IC.MT.CE.AR5 - Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of methane (CH4), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from industrial combustion (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 code 1.A.2 Manufacturing Industries and Construction. The measure is s

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CH4.IP.MT.CE.AR5 - Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of methane (CH4), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from industrial processes including IPCC 2006 codes 2.A.1 Cement production, 2.A.2 Lime production, 2.A.3 Glass Production, 2.A.4 Other Process Uses o

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CH4.MT.CE.AR5 - Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of methane (CH4), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding LULUCF.. The measure is standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values using

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CH4.PI.MT.CE.AR5 - Methane (CH4) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of methane (CH4), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from electricity and heat generation (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 code 1.A.1.a. The measure is standardized to carbon dioxide

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CH4.TR.MT.CE.AR5 - Methane (CH4) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of methane (CH4), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the transportation sector (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 codes 1.A.3.a Civil Aviation, 1.A.3.b_noRES Road Transportation no

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CH4.WA.MT.CE.AR5 - Methane (CH4) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of methane (CH4), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the waste sector. This includes emissions from solid waste (IPCC 2006 codes 4.A Solid Waste Disposal, 4.B Biological Treatment of Solid Waste, 4.

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CH4.ZG.AR5 - Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Change of emissions (as %) of current year with respect to emissions in baseline year 1990 emissions of methane (CH4), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding LULUCF..

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.AG.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agricultural sector. This includes emissions from livestock (IPCC 2006 codes 3.A.1 (enteric fermentation, 3.a.2 (manure management) an

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.BU.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the building sector (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 codes 1.A.4 Residential and other sectors, 1.A.5 Non-Specified. T

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.FE.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from fugitive emissions (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 codes 1.A.1.bc Petroleum Refining - Manufacture of Solid Fuels and

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.IC.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from industrial combustion (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 code 1.A.2 Manufacturing Industries and Construction. The measu

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.IP.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from industrial processes including IPCC 2006 codes 2.A.1 Cement production, 2.A.2 Lime production, 2.A.3 Glass Production, 2.A.4 Other Process

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.LU.DF.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Deforestation (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Net flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the category Deforestation.

Source Organization Carbon fluxes from land 2000–2020: bringing clarity on countries’ reporting, uri: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4643-2022, note: Data available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7190605, publisher: Earth System Science Data (ESSD)

EN.GHG.CO2.LU.FL.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Forest Land (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Net flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the category Forest land.

Source Organization Carbon fluxes from land 2000–2020: bringing clarity on countries’ reporting, uri: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4643-2022, note: Data available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7190605, publisher: Earth System Science Data (ESSD)

EN.GHG.CO2.LU.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Net flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) from Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry LULUCF, excluding non-ropical fires at the country level.

Source Organization Carbon fluxes from land 2000–2020: bringing clarity on countries’ reporting, uri: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4643-2022, note: Data available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7190605, publisher: Earth System Science Data (ESSD)

EN.GHG.CO2.LU.OL.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Other Land (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Net flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the category Other land.

Source Organization Carbon fluxes from land 2000–2020: bringing clarity on countries’ reporting, uri: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4643-2022, note: Data available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7190605, publisher: Earth System Science Data (ESSD)

EN.GHG.CO2.LU.OS.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Organic Soil (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Net flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the category Organic soil.

Source Organization Carbon fluxes from land 2000–2020: bringing clarity on countries’ reporting, uri: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4643-2022, note: Data available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7190605, publisher: Earth System Science Data (ESSD)

EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding LULUCF.. The measure is standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Total annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding LULUCF, standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values divided by the economy

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.PI.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from electricity and heat generation (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 code 1.A.1.a. The measure is standardized to carbon d

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.RT.GDP.KD - Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2015 US$ of GDP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding LULUCF divided by the GDP in constant 2021 US$.

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.RT.GDP.PP.KD - Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per 2021 PPP $ of GDP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding LULUCF divided by the GDP in 2021 PPP $.

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.TR.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the transportation sector (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 codes 1.A.3.a Civil Aviation, 1.A.3.b_noRES Road Transporta

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.WA.MT.CE.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the waste sector. This includes emissions from solid waste (IPCC 2006 codes 4.A Solid Waste Disposal, 4.B Biological Treatment of Solid Wa

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.CO2.ZG.AR5 - Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Change of emissions (as %) of current year with respect to emissions in baseline year 1990 emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding L

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.FGAS.IP.MT.CE.AR5 - F-gases emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of fluorinated gases (hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6)), from industrial processes including IPCC 2006 codes 2.B Chemical Industry, 2.C Metal Industry, 2.E Electron

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.N2O.AG.MT.CE.AR5 - Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agricultural sector. This includes emissions from livestock (IPCC 2006 codes 3.A.1 (enteric fermentation, 3.a.2 (manure management) and

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.N2O.BU.MT.CE.AR5 - Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the building sector (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 codes 1.A.4 Residential and other sectors, 1.A.5 Non-Specified. Th

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.N2O.FE.MT.CE.AR5 - Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from fugitive emissions (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 codes 1.A.1.bc Petroleum Refining - Manufacture of Solid Fuels and

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.N2O.IC.MT.CE.AR5 - Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from industrial combustion (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 code 1.A.2 Manufacturing Industries and Construction. The measur

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.N2O.IP.MT.CE.AR5 - Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from industrial processes including IPCC 2006 codes 2.A.1 Cement production, 2.A.2 Lime production, 2.A.3 Glass Production, 2.A.4 Other Process

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.N2O.MT.CE.AR5 - Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding LULUCF.. The measure is standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.N2O.PI.MT.CE.AR5 - Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from electricity and heat generation (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 code 1.A.1.a. The measure is standardized to carbon di

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.N2O.TR.MT.CE.AR5 - Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the transportation sector (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 codes 1.A.3.a Civil Aviation, 1.A.3.b_noRES Road Transportat

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.N2O.WA.MT.CE.AR5 - Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes A measure of annual emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the waste sector. This includes emissions from solid waste (IPCC 2006 codes 4.A Solid Waste Disposal, 4.B Biological Treatment of Solid Was

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.N2O.ZG.AR5 - Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Change of emissions (as %) of current year with respect to emissions in baseline year 1990 emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding LU

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.GHG.TOT.ZG.AR5 - Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Change of emissions (as %) of current year with respect to emissions in baseline year 1990 emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons

Source Organization EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024

EN.HPT.THRD.NO - Plant species (higher), threatened

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.

Source Organization The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), uri: https://www.iucnredlist.org/;

EN.MAM.THRD.NO - Mammal species, threatened

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Mammal species are mammals excluding whales and porpoises. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.

Source Organization The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), uri: https://www.iucnredlist.org/;

EN.POP.EL5M.RU.ZS - Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Rural population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://doi.org/10.7927/d1x1-d702, publisher: NASA Ear

EN.POP.EL5M.UR.ZS - Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Urban population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://doi.org/10.7927/d1x1-d702, publisher: NASA Ear

EN.POP.EL5M.ZS - Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Population below 5m is the percentage of the total population living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://doi.org/10.7927/d1x1-d702, publisher: NASA Ear

EN.POP.SLUM.UR.ZS - Population living in slums (% of urban population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Population living in slums is the proportion of the urban population living in slum households. A slum household is defined as a group of individuals living under the same roof lacking one or more of the following conditions: access to improve

Source Organization Urban Indicators Database, UN Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), uri: https://data.unhabitat.org/

ER.FSH.AQUA.MT - Aquaculture production (metric tons)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Aquaculture is understood to mean the farming of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic plants. Aquaculture production specifically refers to output from aquaculture activities, which are designated for final harve

Source Organization Food and Agriculture Organization., Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

ER.FSH.CAPT.MT - Capture fisheries production (metric tons)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Capture fisheries production measures the volume of fish catches landed by a country for all commercial, industrial, recreational and subsistence purposes.

Source Organization Food and Agriculture Organization., Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

ER.FSH.PROD.MT - Total fisheries production (metric tons)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Total fisheries production measures the volume of aquatic species caught by a country for all commercial, industrial, recreational and subsistence purposes. The harvest from mariculture, aquaculture and other kinds of fish farming is also incl

Source Organization Food and Agriculture Organization., Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

ER.GDP.FWTL.M3.KD - Water productivity, total (constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Water productivity is calculated as GDP in constant prices divided by annual total water withdrawal.

Source Organization AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO);

ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS - Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exce

Source Organization AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F

ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS - Annual freshwater withdrawals, domestic (% of total freshwater withdrawal)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exce

Source Organization AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F

ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS - Annual freshwater withdrawals, industry (% of total freshwater withdrawal)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exce

Source Organization AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F

ER.H2O.FWST.ZS - Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes The level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources is the ratio between total freshwater withdrawn by all major sectors and total renewable freshwater resources, after taking into account environ

Source Organization AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F

ER.H2O.FWTL.K3 - Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exce

Source Organization AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F

ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS - Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exce

Source Organization AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F

ER.H2O.INTR.K3 - Renewable internal freshwater resources, total (billion cubic meters)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country.

Source Organization AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F

ER.H2O.INTR.PC - Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country. Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita are calculated using the World Bank's p

Source Organization AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F

ER.LND.PTLD.ZS - Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Terrestrial protected areas are totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated by national authorities as scientific reserves with limited public access, national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves o

Source Organization Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) and World Database on Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (WD-OECM), UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), uri: https://www.protec

ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS - Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the

Source Organization Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) and World Database on Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (WD-OECM), UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), uri: https://www.protec

ER.PTD.TOTL.ZS - Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Terrestrial protected areas are totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated by national authorities as scientific reserves with limited public access, national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves o

Source Organization Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) and World Database on Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (WD-OECM), UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), uri: https://www.protec

NY.ADJ.AEDU.CD - Adjusted savings: education expenditure (current US$)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment ha

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.AEDU.GN.ZS - Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (G

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.DCO2.CD - Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (current US$)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Cost of damage due to carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel use and the manufacture of cement, estimated to be US$40 per ton of CO2 (the unit damage in 2017 US dollars for CO2 emitted in 2020) times the number of tons of CO2 emitted. This

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.DCO2.GN.ZS - Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (% of GNI)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Cost of damage due to carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel use and the manufacture of cement, estimated to be US$40 per ton of CO2 (the unit damage in 2017 US dollars for CO2 emitted in 2020) times the number of tons of CO2 emitted. This

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.DFOR.CD - Adjusted savings: net forest depletion (current US$)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes o

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.DFOR.GN.ZS - Adjusted savings: net forest depletion (% of GNI)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by al

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.DKAP.CD - Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (current US$)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This ind

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.DKAP.GN.ZS - Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by all residents within

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.DMIN.CD - Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (current US$)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Mineral depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of mineral resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers tin, gold, lead, zinc, iron, copper, nickel, silver, bauxite, and phosphate. This indicator is expr

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.DMIN.GN.ZS - Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Mineral depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of mineral resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers tin, gold, lead, zinc, iron, copper, nickel, silver, bauxite, and phosphate. This indicator is expr

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.DNGY.CD - Adjusted savings: energy depletion (current US$)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Energy depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of energy resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers coal, crude oil, and natural gas. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustmen

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.DNGY.GN.ZS - Adjusted savings: energy depletion (% of GNI)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Energy depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of energy resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers coal, crude oil, and natural gas. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Incom

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.DPEM.CD - Adjusted savings: particulate emission damage (current US$)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Particulate emissions damage is the damage due to exposure of a country's population to ambient concentrations of particulates measuring less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5), ambient ozone pollution, and indoor concentrations of PM2.5 in

Source Organization Global Burden of Disease 2013 study, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)

NY.ADJ.DPEM.GN.ZS - Adjusted savings: particulate emission damage (% of GNI)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Particulate emissions damage is the damage due to exposure of a country's population to ambient concentrations of particulates measuring less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5), ambient ozone pollution, and indoor concentrations of PM2.5 in

Source Organization Global Burden of Disease 2013 study, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)

NY.ADJ.ICTR.GN.ZS - Adjusted savings: gross savings (% of GNI)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Gross savings are the difference between gross national income and public and private consumption, plus net current transfers. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by all r

Source Organization Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks;

NY.ADJ.NNAT.CD - Adjusted savings: net national savings (current US$)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.NNAT.GN.ZS - Adjusted savings: net national savings (% of GNI)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by all residents within an eco

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.SVNG.CD - Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (current US$)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage. This indicator is expressed in current

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.SVNG.GN.ZS - Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage. This indicator is expressed as a percen

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.SVNX.CD - Adjusted net savings, excluding particulate emission damage (current US$)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage. This indicator is exp

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.ADJ.SVNX.GN.ZS - Adjusted net savings, excluding particulate emission damage (% of GNI)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage. This indicator is exp

Source Organization Staff estimates, World Bank (WB);

NY.GDP.COAL.RT.ZS - Coal rents (% of GDP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Coal rents are the difference between the value of both hard and soft coal production at world prices and their total costs of production.

Source Organization The Changing Wealth of Nations, World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/changing-wealth-of-nations/data, note: World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of

NY.GDP.FRST.RT.ZS - Forest rents (% of GDP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Forest rents are roundwood harvest times the product of regional prices and a regional rental rate.

Source Organization The Changing Wealth of Nations, World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/changing-wealth-of-nations/data, note: World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of

NY.GDP.MINR.RT.ZS - Mineral rents (% of GDP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Mineral rents are the difference between the value of production for a stock of minerals at world prices and their total costs of production. Minerals included in the calculation are tin, gold, lead, zinc, iron, copper, nickel, silver, bauxite

Source Organization The Changing Wealth of Nations, World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/changing-wealth-of-nations/data, note: World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of

NY.GDP.NGAS.RT.ZS - Natural gas rents (% of GDP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Natural gas rents are the difference between the value of natural gas production at regional prices and total costs of production.

Source Organization The Changing Wealth of Nations, World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/changing-wealth-of-nations/data, note: World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of

NY.GDP.PETR.RT.ZS - Oil rents (% of GDP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Oil rents are the difference between the value of crude oil production at regional prices and total costs of production.

Source Organization The Changing Wealth of Nations, World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/changing-wealth-of-nations/data, note: World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of

NY.GDP.TOTL.RT.ZS - Total natural resources rents (% of GDP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 06 Environment

Source Notes Total natural resources rents are the sum of oil rents, natural gas rents, coal rents (hard and soft), mineral rents, and forest rents.

Source Organization The Changing Wealth of Nations, World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/changing-wealth-of-nations/data, note: World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of

(as of 04jan2026)