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01 Agriculture and Rural Development

02 Aid Effectiveness

03 Economy and Growth

04 Education

05 Energy and Mining

06 Environment

07 Financial Sector

08 Health

09 Infrastructure

10 Social Protection and Labor

11 Poverty

12 Private Sector

13 Public Sector

14 Science and Technology

15 Social Development

16 Urban Development

17 Gender

18 Millenium development goals

19 Climate Change

20 External Debt

21 Trade

topicID

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19 Climate Change

AG.LND.AGRI.K2 - Agricultural land (sq. km)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Agricultural land refers to the land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadow

Source Organization FAO electronic files and web site, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

AG.LND.AGRI.ZS - Agricultural land (% of land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), tempora

Source Organization FAO electronic files and web site, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

AG.LND.ARBL.ZS - Arable land (% of land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned

Source Organization FAO electronic files and website, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

AG.LND.EL5M.RU.K2 - Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Rural land area below 5m is the total rural land area in square kilometers where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.LND.EL5M.RU.ZS - Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Rural land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the rural land elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.LND.EL5M.UR.K2 - Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Urban land area below 5m is the total urban land area in square kilometers where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.LND.EL5M.UR.ZS - Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Urban land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the urban land elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.LND.EL5M.ZS - Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-cies

AG.LND.FRST.K2 - Forest area (sq. km)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes data/RL, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Source Organization FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/

AG.LND.FRST.ZS - Forest area (% of land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes data/RL, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Source Organization FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/

AG.LND.IRIG.AG.ZS - Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes data/RL, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Source Organization FAO electronic files and web site, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/

AG.LND.PRCP.MM - Average precipitation in depth (mm per year)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Average precipitation is the long-term average in depth (over space and time) of annual precipitation in the country. Precipitation is defined as any kind of water that falls from clouds as a liquid or a solid.

Source Organization FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

AG.YLD.CREL.KG - Cereal yield (kg per hectare)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes data/QCL, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Source Organization FAO electronic files and web site, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/

BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS - Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital

Source Organization International Financial Statistics and Balance of Payments databases, International Monetary Fund (IMF);

EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS - Access to electricity (% of population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.

Source Organization SDG 7.1.1 Electrification Dataset, World Bank (WB), uri: https://trackingsdg7.esmap.org/downloads, note: Data is downloaded from ESMAP website. Data is released when a new Tracking SDG7 report is released., publisher: World Bank (WB), date acc

EG.ELC.COAL.ZS - Electricity production from coal sources (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes The share of electricity production from coal sources of total electricity production. Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Coal refers to all coal and brown coal, both primary (including hard coal and ligni

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.ELC.HYRO.ZS - Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes The share of electricity production from hydroelectric sources of total electricity production. Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.ELC.NGAS.ZS - Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes The share of electricity production from natural gas sources of total electricity production. Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Gas refers to natural gas but excludes natural gas liquids.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS - Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes The share of electricity production from nuclear sources of total electricity production. Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Nuclear power refers to electricity produced by nuclear power plants.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.ELC.PETR.ZS - Electricity production from oil sources (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes The share of electricity production from oil sources of total electricity production. Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.ELC.RNEW.ZS - Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Renewable electricity is the share of electrity generated by renewable power plants in total electricity generated by all types of plants.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.ELC.RNWX.KH - Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Electricity production from renewable sources in kilowatt-hour (kWh), excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.ELC.RNWX.ZS - Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes The share of electricity production from renewable sources of total electricity production. Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS - Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.USE.COMM.GD.PP.KD - Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2021 PPP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Energy use per PPP GDP is the kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use per constant PPP GDP. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stoc

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC - Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE - Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international tr

Source Organization IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25

EN.ATM.CO2E.EG.ZS - CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.GF.KT - CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.GF.ZS - CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.KD.GD - CO2 emissions (kg per 2010 US$ of GDP)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Source Organization Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions. See NY.GDP.MKTP.KD for the denominator's source.

EN.ATM.CO2E.KT - CO2 emissions (kt)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.CO2E.LF.KT - CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.LF.ZS - CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.PC - CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Source Organization Emissions data are sourced from Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.CO2E.PP.GD - CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Source Organization Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions. See NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD for the denominator's source.

EN.ATM.CO2E.PP.GD.KD - CO2 emissions (kg per 2011 PPP $ of GDP)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Source Organization Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions. See NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.KD for the denominator's source.

EN.ATM.CO2E.SF.KT - CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.CO2E.SF.ZS - CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.

Source Organization Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

EN.ATM.GHGO.KT.CE - Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.GHGO.ZG - Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.GHGT.KT.CE - Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Total greenhouse gas emissions in kt of CO2 equivalent are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and savanna burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-bu

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.GHGT.ZG - Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Total greenhouse gas emissions are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and savanna burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-burn decay, peat fires and

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.HFCG.KT.CE - HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Hydrofluorocarbons, used as a replacement for chlorofluorocarbons, are used mainly in refrigeration and semiconductor manufacturing.

Source Organization European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

EN.ATM.METH.KT.CE - Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production.

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.METH.ZG - Methane emissions (% change from 1990)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.NOXE.KT.CE - Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management.

Source Organization Climate Watch Historical GHG Emissions (1990-2020). 2023. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions

EN.ATM.NOXE.ZG - Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Source Organization World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

EN.ATM.PFCG.KT.CE - PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Perfluorocarbons, used as a replacement for chlorofluorocarbons in manufacturing semiconductors, are a byproduct of aluminum smelting and uranium enrichment.

Source Organization European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

EN.ATM.SF6G.KT.CE - SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Sulfur hexafluoride is used largely to insulate high-voltage electric power equipment.

Source Organization European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

EN.CLC.DRSK.XQ - Disaster risk reduction progress score (1-5 scale; 5=best)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Disaster risk reduction progress score is an average of self-assessment scores, ranging from 1 to 5, submitted by countries under Priority 1 of the Hyogo Framework National Progress Reports. The Hyogo Framework is a global blueprint for disast

Source Organization 2009-2011 Progress Reports, UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR), uri: http://www.preventionweb.net/english/hyogo

EN.CLC.GHGR.MT.CE - GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF refers to changes in atmospheric levels of all greenhouse gases attributable to forest and land-use change activities, including but not limited to (1) emissions and removals of CO2 from decreases or increase

Source Organization United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

EN.CLC.MDAT.ZS - Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Droughts, floods and extreme temperatures is the annual average percentage of the population that is affected by natural disasters classified as either droughts, floods, or extreme temperature events. A drought is an extended period of time ch

Source Organization EM-DAT The International Disaster Database, Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) - Université Catholique de Louvain, uri: https://www.emdat.be/

EN.POP.EL5M.RU.ZS - Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Rural population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://doi.org/10.7927/d1x1-d702, publisher: NASA Ear

EN.POP.EL5M.UR.ZS - Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Urban population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://doi.org/10.7927/d1x1-d702, publisher: NASA Ear

EN.POP.EL5M.ZS - Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Population below 5m is the percentage of the total population living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.

Source Organization Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates, Version 3, Center For International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) - Columbia University, uri: https://doi.org/10.7927/d1x1-d702, publisher: NASA Ear

EN.URB.MCTY.TL.ZS - Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the percentage of a country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2018 had a population of more than one million people.

Source Organization World Urbanization Prospects 2018, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wup/, publisher: UN Population Division, date published: 2018

ER.H2O.FWTL.K3 - Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exce

Source Organization AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F

ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS - Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exce

Source Organization AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), uri: https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/, publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F

ER.LND.PTLD.ZS - Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Terrestrial protected areas are totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated by national authorities as scientific reserves with limited public access, national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves o

Source Organization Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) and World Database on Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (WD-OECM), UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), uri: https://www.protec

ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS - Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the

Source Organization Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) and World Database on Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (WD-OECM), UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), uri: https://www.protec

ER.PTD.TOTL.ZS - Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Terrestrial protected areas are totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated by national authorities as scientific reserves with limited public access, national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves o

Source Organization Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) and World Database on Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (WD-OECM), UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), uri: https://www.protec

IC.BUS.EASE.XQ - Ease of doing business index (1=most business-friendly regulations)

Source 57 WDI Database Archives

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Ease of doing business ranks economies from 1 to 190, with first place being the best. The ranking of economies is determined by sorting the aggregate ease of doing business scores. A high ranking (a low numerical rank) means that the regulato

Source Organization World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme

IQ.CPA.PUBS.XQ - CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes The Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) measures the extent to which a country’s policy and institutional framework supports sustainable growth and poverty reduction, and consequently the effective use of development assistanc

Source Organization CPIA database, World Bank Group (WBG), uri: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/int/search/dataset/0038988

IS.ROD.PAVE.ZS - Roads, paved (% of total roads)

Source 11 Africa Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Paved roads are those surfaced with crushed stone (macadam) and hydrocarbon binder or bituminized agents, with concrete, or with cobblestones, as a percentage of all the country's roads, measured in length.

Source Organization International Road Federation, World Road Statistics and electronic files, except where noted.

NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS - Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)

Source 02 World Development Indicators

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Agriculture, forestry, and fishing corresponds to ISIC (Rev. 4) divisions 01-03 and includes the exploitation of vegetal and animal natural resources, comprising the activities of growing of crops, raising and breeding of animals, harvesting o

Source Organization Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks;

SH.DYN.MORT - Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)

Source 40 Population estimates and projections

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.

Source Organization UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, UN Children's Fund (UNICEF), uri: http://www.childmortality.org, publisher: UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, United Nations Population Division;

SP.POP.GROW - Population growth (annual %)

Source 40 Population estimates and projections

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless

Source Organization World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), note: Derived from total population, publisher: UN Population Division;

SP.POP.TOTL - Population, total

Source 40 Population estimates and projections

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.

Source Organization World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wpp/, publisher: UN Population Division;

SP.URB.GROW - Urban population growth (annual %)

Source 40 Population estimates and projections

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Annual urban population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear urban population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage. Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statisti

Source Organization World Urbanization Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wup/, note: World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects, National definitions, publisher: UN Popula

SP.URB.TOTL - Urban population

Source 40 Population estimates and projections

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects. Aggregation of ur

Source Organization World Urbanization Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wup/, note: World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects, National definitions, publisher: UN Popula

SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS - Urban population (% of total population)

Source 40 Population estimates and projections

Topics 19 Climate Change

Source Notes Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. The data are collected and smoothed by United Nations Population Division.

Source Organization World Urbanization Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wup/, note: United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects, National definitions, publisher: UN Population Division

(as of 04jan2026)